2011,1-3单元复习题,第二版12月1日

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2011年12月日语等级考试-N2-答案解析版

2011年日语等级考试n2权威解析作者：优势日语【N2词汇】真题文字部分１１年１２月的能力考试已落下帷幕，总的来说，相对不难，但是在考察基础知识的同时，也有对知识灵活运用的能力的考察。

下面就今年词汇部分的重点和难点给大家一一分析一下。

第一大题，还是考察单词读音的。

这次能力考试在这道题上可以说并没有为难考生。

只要认真备考，熟悉历年真题，这道题想拿分是不难的。

分别考察了地元「４じもと」、密接「３みっせつ」、豊富「３ほうふ」、補う「４おぎなう」、率直「３そっちょく」。

第二大题，考察汉字写法，一定是我们的拿分题，只求一个“稳”。

例如：ふくし「４福祉」、ぞくして「２属して」第三道题并没有想象的那么难，这也是觉得词汇部分整体做起来比较顺手的一个原因。

分别考察了文学「１賞」、「２悪」条件、クリーム「４状」、一日「４おきに」、「３来」シーズン第四大题是对词义的考察，需要看懂句子后，再反复斟酌。

可能有几道题考生不是很确定。

例如：生活習慣を（）してから、健康状態がよくなりました。

１訂正２変換３整備４改善答案为４。

「訂正」的宾语通常是“文章”等。

这个在考前的课堂上，给同学们强调过，优势的考生们一定是没有问题的。

又如：申し込みの締め切りが明日に（）いる。

１迫って２限って３寄って４至って答案为１。

第五大题是考察同义词，只要把握住单词意思就可以了。

题不难，但需要考生仔细做题。

其中有几道题目，考生可能感到很棘手。

例如：「くたくた」的意思为“疲惫，疲劳”。

所以那道题目的答案为1。

第六大题是考察单词用法，还是在课堂上强调的三大原则：词义，词性及固定搭配。

这次考试主要偏向于对单词意思的及固定搭配的考察。

例如：「違反」的对象通常为“规则，契约”等名词。

所以答案为1，选项中的キーワード为ルール。

总的说来，这次的词汇部分，只要考生考前认真复习，考场上认真答题，一定会取得优异的成绩。

等待大家胜利的消息。

优势名师解析真题语法部分今年这次二级语法考试过后，可能很多同学会感觉心里没底。

2011年12月六级真题

2011年12月六级真题Part I WritingDirections:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Excessive Use of Plastic Bags. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese.1.目前塑料袋存在的问题2.减少使用塑料袋的重要性3.如何做到减少使用塑料袋Excessive Use of Plastic BagsIn recent years, the excessive use of plastic bags has become a topic of great concern. Plastic bags are lightweight, convenient, and inexpensive to produce, which explains their popularity across the globe. However, their convenience comes at a significant cost to the environment.The problems associated with plastic bags are numerous. Firstly, plastic bags are non-biodegradable, which means they will persist in the environment for hundreds of years, causing serious pollution. They are often littered and end up in water bodies, where they pose a threat to marine life. Secondly, plastic bags are derived from fossil fuels, contributing to the depletion of non-renewable resources and exacerbating climate change.Reducing the use of plastic bags is of paramount importance. Firstly, it can help alleviate environmental pollution. By using reusable shopping bags made of cloth or fabric, we can significantly decrease the demand for plastic bags and reduce the amount of waste generated. This, in turn, can minimize the harmful effects on the ecosystem and protect marine life.Moreover, reducing the use of plastic bags can help conserve non-renewable resources. The production of plastic bags relies heavily on fossil fuels, which are finite and will eventually run out. By using alternative materials or adopting sustainable practices like utilizing biodegradable bags, we can ensure the sustainable use of resources for future generations.To achieve the goal of reducing plastic bag usage, several steps can be taken. Firstly, governments should introduce regulations or impose taxes on plastic bags to deter their use. This approach has proved effective in countries like Ireland, where a plastic bag tax has resulted in a significant reduction in usage. Secondly, promoting education and raising public awareness is crucial. By educating the public about theharms of plastic bags and the benefits of alternative options, individuals can make informed choices and actively participate in reducing plastic bag consumption.In conclusion, the excessive use of plastic bags has severe consequences for the environment and the sustainable use of resources. It is a collective responsibility to address this issue. By reducing plastic bag usage through regulatory measures, education, and public awareness campaigns, we can contribute to a greener and more sustainable future.Part III Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.11. W: How’s your Chinese food?M: Wonderful. I love Chinese food. Actually, I learned how to cook Chinese dishes when I was in China.Q: What did the man do in China?12. W: Excuse me, is there a bus stop nearby?M: Yes, go straight for about two blocks. The bus stop is right over there.Q: What does the man mean?… （更多内容请访问 Markdown 文档）。

2011-2012学年八年级上学期一二单元试卷[人教版]及答案

2011~2012学年度惠来慈云实验中学第一学期八年级历史科月考（II）试卷（考试时间：30分钟，满分：50分）一、单项选择题部分（共25分）1、节日往往是对重大历史事件的纪念。

与五四运动有关的节日是A．重阳节B．建军节 C．端午节 D．青年节2、“五四精神”的核心是A．爱国主义 B．艰苦奋斗 C．开拓创新 D．乐观主义3、中国共产党第一任中央局书记A．毛泽东 B．周恩来 C．陈独秀 D．董必武4、第一次国共合作破裂的标志是A．北洋军阀统治的建立 B．国民党右派叛变革命C．南京国民政府的成立 D．蒋介石破坏双十协定5、“开这个军官学校，独一无二的希望，就是创造革命军，来挽救中国的危亡!”文中所指这所学校的创办者是A．蔡元培B．李大钊C．陈独秀D．孙中山6、北伐战争时期曾激励北伐将士的口号是A．“自强”、“求富”B．“民主”、“科学”C．“打倒列强、除军阀” D．“停止内战、一致抗日”7、在北伐战争中，赢得“铁军”光荣称号的是A．第一军B．第四军C．第六军D．第七军8、1926年，国民革命军北伐的对象不包括A．袁世凯 B．吴佩孚 C．孙传芳 D．张作霖9、中国革命在农村建立的第一个革命根据地是A．中央革命根据地 B．井冈山革命根据地C．湘赣革命根据地 D．闽浙赣革命根据地10、作出从进攻大城市转向农村建立革命根据地决定的领导人是A．毛泽东 B．周恩来 C．朱德 D．贺龙11、CCTV 综合颇道从2011 年 5 月下旬开始播出电视连续剧《红色摇篮》，该剧再现了毛泽东、朱德等老一辈革命家在江西等南方各省根据地的战斗生活。

当时，中国共产党领导根据地人民进行革命斗争的主要对象是A．清政府反动统治B．北洋军阀反动统治C．日本侵略者 D．国民党的反动统治12、你知道“八一”南昌起义纪念碑矗立在今天哪个省的省会吗?A．广西B．江西C．山西D．江苏13、电视里常听到“八路军”、“新四军”等中国共产军队的称号，它们可能出现在下列哪个历史时期？A．辛亥革命B．北伐战争C．抗日战争D．解放战争14、历史兴趣小组的同学若要实地考察工农红军的历史足迹，他们去的地方应包括①井冈山②瑞金③遵义④南京A.①②③B.①②③④C.①③④D.①②④15、下列毛泽东诗句中，描述右图历史事件的是A．钟山风雨起苍黄，百万雄师过大江B．金沙水拍云崖暖，大渡桥横铁索寒C．虎踞龙盘今胜昔，天翻地覆概而慷D．更喜岷山千里雪，三军过后尽开颜16、红军长征途中，跳出敌人包围圈是在A．占领遵义城后 B．渡过金沙江后C．到达陕北之后 D．翻越雪山之后17、红军长征取得完全胜利的标志是A.遵义会议召开B.吴起镇会师C.四渡赤水D.会宁会师18、西安事变发生后，中国共产党派到西安调停的是A．毛泽东 B．周恩来 C．张学良 D．杨虎城19、“‘攘外安内’蒋主张，夜赠领土百万方。

2011年研究生英语二考试大纲与2011、2010考研英语二真题及答案

2011年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语考试（二）考试大纲考试性质英语（二）考试是为高等学校和科研机构招收硕士研究生而设置的具有选拔性质的全国统一入学考试科目，其目的是科学、公正、有效地测试考生对英语语言的运用能力，评价的标准时高等学校非英语专业本科毕业生所能达到的及格或及格以上水平，以保证被录取者具有一定的英语水平，并有利于各高等学校和科研院所在专业上择优选拔。

考试形式和试卷结构(一)考试形式考试形式为笔试。

考试时间为180分钟。

满分为100分。

试卷分试题册和答题卡。

答题卡分为答题卡1和答题卡2。

考生应将英语知识运用和阅读理解部分的答案按要求填涂在答题卡1上，将英译汉和写作部分的答案写在答题卡2上。

(二)考试内容与试卷结构试题分四部分，共48题，包括英语知识运用、阅读理解、英译汉和写作。

第一部分英语知识运用主要是考查考生对英语知识的综合运用能力。

共20小题，每小题0.5分，共10分。

在一篇约350词的文章中留出20个空白，要求考生从每题所给的4个选项中选出最佳答案，使补全后的文章意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。

考生在答题卡1上作答。

第二部分阅读理解主要是考查考生获取信息、理解文章、猜测重要生词词义并进行推断等方面的能力。

该部分由A、B两节组成，共25小题，每小题2分，共50分。

A节(20小题)本部分为多项选择题，共四篇文章，总长度为1500词左右。

要求考生阅读文章并回答每篇文章后面的问题。

考生需在每小题所提供的选项（A、B、C、D）中选出唯一正确或是最合适的答案。

每篇文章设5题，共20小题。

每小题2分，共40分。

考生在答题卡1上作答。

B节(5小题)本部分有3种备选题型。

每次考试从这3种备选题型中选择一种进行考查。

或者这3种形式中某几种的组合进行考查。

本节文章设5小题，每小题2分，共10分。

考生在答题卡1上作答。

备选题型有：1)多项对应。

2)小标题对应。

3)正误判断。

第三部分：英译汉考查考生理解所给英语语言材料并将其译成汉语的能力。

英语二,复习题(2011年12月)2

第二册（1）一.单选题（每小题1分，共20分）1.Will you ____this passage to see if there are any misprints？A、go overB、work outC、look upD、dwell on2.The committee_____ five members, one elderly, two middle-aged and two young comrades.A、consists ofB、is consisted ofC、are consisted ofD、consist of3. All citizens should help the police in _____ criminals(罪犯).A、looking atB、tracking downC、finding outD、discovering4. Everyone at the party was greatly by the pianist's excellent performance.A、embarrassedB、annoyedC、impressedD、tempted5.Unlike most Europeans, many Americans bacon and eggs for breakfast every day.A、used to eatingB、are used to eatingC、are used to eat;D、used to eat.6.What you have just told me is very___________.A、surpriseB、surprisingC、surprisedlyD、surprised7.When ________ where he was born, John said he was a New Yorker.A、askingB、was askedC、being askedD、ask8.Here's a letter for you to__________.A、type itB、typeC、be typedD、be typing9.No one enjoys__________in the middle of the night.A、disturbedB、to be disturbedC、disturbingD、being disturbed10.An exhibition of new inventions is now.A、being heldB、holdC、to be heldD、holding11.I don't like the fellow. He always talks with of self-importance.A、an appearanceB、a faceC、an airD、a color12.She has a boy.A、13 years oldB、13 year oldsC、13-year-oldD、13-years-old13.The park is a bit too small, , the children there are very noisy.A、in addition toB、moreoverC、butD、nevertheless14.It's day for a walk.A、much ofB、veryC、not much of aD、no much a15.Wh ile I like the dress very much, I can't afford it. The word “while”means .A、whenB、althoughC、as long asD、whereas16.It is a great surprise to me my father changed his mind so soon.A、whyB、thatC、howD、because17.The thought he might fail in the exam worried him.A、whenB、so thatC、whatD、that18.They overcame all the difficulties and fulfilled the plan three months ahead of time,is something we had not expected.A、thatB、whatC、itD、which19.When we got there, we found the work .A、doingB、to doC、doneD、to be done20.It was so cold last night one could scarcely bear it.A、thatB、so thatC、whenD、while二、改错题（每小题1分，共10分）1.My little brother is often criticized for showing great careless in everythingA ＢＣhe does.D2.It is the habit of the country to go out and pick flowers on the first day of spring.ＡＢＣＤ３.In the past few years the factory has cost a lot of money improving its workingA B C D conditions.4. The teacher pointed out for me that there was little chance of success.A B C D5. So far as experience is concerned, Mr. Black is the right man for the work, andA B C D he is now in poor health.6.He was neither clever or stupid, but good enough at his work.A B C D7. The recorder isn't working properly. Something must have gone bad.A B C D8.Judged by the handwriting，the letter must have been written by a small child.A B C D9. They try to avoid making their daughter to do what she doesn't like to do.A B C D10.He got a terrible headache. It kept him wake the whole night.A B C D三、阅读理解（每小题2分，共30分）1. Mr. Phanourakis was 85 when he said goodbye to his Greek mountain village and took an American ship for the United States. His sons have done well in business there and wanted him to spend his remaining years with them.The old gentleman knew no language except his own but, with the self-confidence of the Greek mountain villager, he made his way easily about the foreign ship. When the bell announced the serving of lunch on his first day on board，he found the number of his table on the passenger-list outside the dining room and went straight to it while most of the others waited for the chief steward to tell them where to sit.It was a small table for two. Mr. Phanourakis sat down. After a few moments his table companion arrived. “Bon appetit, m‟sieur,” he murmured politely, as he took the other chair.“Phanourakis,” he said, carefully spacing out the Greek syllables.During the afternoon, one of the ship‟s officers, who spoke some Greek, asked the old gentleman if he had found any acquaintances on board.Mr. Phanourakis shook his head. “No,” he said,“the only person I‟ve met so far is my table companion. He must be French. His name is Bonappetit―or something like that.”“That is not his name,”said the officer.“It is a French expression that means…Good appetite'”.At dinner time he found the Frenchman already at the table. He smiled shyly, sat down, and said carefully, “Bon appetit, m‟sieur.”The Frenchman returned his smile. “Phanourakis, m‟sieur,”he said.1、Mr. Phanourakis went to America because .A、his sons had invited him to stay with themB、he had to take care of his business thereC、he was too old to live aloneD、he lost his home in the Greek mountain village2、On board the American ship, he felt .A、ill at easeB、nervousC、self-confidentD、lonely3、How did he find his table for meals on board the ship?A、By looking at the passenger-list outside the dining room.B、By asking one of the officers on board.C、By following his table companion.D、By waiting for the chief steward to tell him where to sit.4、His table companion's name was .A、BonappetitB、Bon appetitC、FrenchD、unknown5、What did the Frenchman mean when he said“Phanourakis”?A、He addressed the Greek mountain villager by his name.B、He wished the Greek mountain villager good appetite.C、He tried to amuse the Greek mountain villager by cracking a joke.D、He tried to make fun of the Greek mountain villager by imitating his pronunciation.2. Different countries and different races have different manners. Before entering a house in some Asian countries, it is good manners to take off your shoes. In European countries even though shoes sometimes become very muddy, this is not done. A guest in a Chinese house sometimes does not finish a drink. He leaves a little, to show that he has had enough. In a Malay house, too, a guest always leaves a little food. In England, a guest always finishes a drink to show that he enjoys it.We should like to find out the customs of other races, so that they will not think us ill-mannered(举止粗鲁). But people all over the world agree that being well-mannered really means being kind and helping others, especially those older or weaker than ourselves. If you remember this, you will not go very far wrong.Here are some examples of the things that a well-mannered person does or does not do.He never laughs at people when they are in trouble. He is always kind either to people or animals. When people are waiting for a bus, or in a post office he lines up to wait his turn. In the bus, he gives his seat to an older person or a lady who is standing. If he accidently bumps into(碰，撞)someone, or gets in their way, he says “Excuse me”or “I’m sorry”. He says “Please”when making a request, and “Thank you”when he receives something. He stands up when speaking to a lady or an older person, and he does not sit down until the other person is seated. He does not talk too much about himself. When eating, he does not speak with his mouth full of food.1、According to the passage, the knowledge of the customs of other races .A、is very usefulB、is unnecessaryC、is unimportantD、does not mean much2、A person with good manners thinks of .A、others before himselfB、himself before othersC、no one but himselfD、others as well as himself3、Which of the following is not true? A well-mannered person usually .A、says‘Please’when making a requestB、makes an apology for bumping into someone accidentallyC、sits where he is when speaking to a ladyD、tries to help those who are in trouble4、If you want to be well-mannered, .A、you laugh at people when they are in troubleB、it's all right to speak with your mouth full of foodC、you should stop someone when he is talkingD、you can only speak after someone else has finished talking5、As different countries have different manners，.A、it's good to learn to be well-manneredB、we should try to find out the differences in the customsC、it should not be wrong to go out of one's way to do anythingD、learning a little second language would be helpful3.Acting is such an over-crowded profession that the only advice that should be given to a young person thinking of going on the stage is “Don't!”. But it is useless to try to discourage someone who feels that he must act, although the chances of his becoming famous are slim. The normal way to begin is to go to a drama school. Usually only students who show promise and talent are accepted, and the course lasts two years. Then the young actor or actress takes up work with a theatrical company, usually as an assistant stage manager. This means doing everything that there is to do in the theatre: painting scenery, publicity(宣传), taking care of the costumes, and even acting in very small parts. It is very hard work indeed, the hours are long and the salary is tiny.Of course, some people have remarkable chances which lead to fame and success without this long and hard training. Connie Pratt, for example, was just an ordinary girl working in a bicycle factory. A film producer happened to catch sight of her one morning waiting at a bus stop, as he drove past in his car. He stopped and gotout to speak to the girl. He asked if she would like to go to the film studio to do a test, and she thought he was joking. Then she got angry and said she would call the police. It took the producer twenty minutes to convince Connie that he was serious. The test was successful. And within a few weeks she was playing the leading part opposite one of the most famous actors of the day. But chances like this happen once in a blue moon!1、From the very beginning, the author puts it clearly that acting is a profession .A、sought after by too many peopleB、too difficult for young peopleC、for ambitious people onlyD、for young people only2、Which of the following is NOT mentioned as part of an assistant stage manager's job?A、Playing minor roles.B、Taking care of the dress to be worn on the stage by an actor or actress.C、Helping advertise plays.D、Collecting tickets.3、The film producer found Connie Pratt one morning when she was .A、working in a bicycle factoryB、driving past him in her carC、going to a film studioD、waiting for a bus4、A few weeks after the test, Connie Pratt found herself .A、the most famous actress of the worldB、playing the leading female role in a playC、as famous as the greatest actor of the worldD、no less famous than the leading actor of the day5、The concluding sentence“chances like this happen once in a blue moon”means .A、this is something which happens once in a whileB、this is a highly profitable chanceC、this is something highly possibleD、this is a very rare chance四、完型填空（每小题1分，共20分）He was known everywhere as a great artist. People 1 from miles around to admire his beautiful 2 . His name was Pygmalion, and he lived long, long 3 in Athens, Greece.Pygmalion 4 his art for many years. His desire 5 excellence made him spend months 6 a single work of art. He would not stop 7 he felt it was perfect. 8 the years passed, his work became 9 . Pygmalion painted flowers which looked 10 natural that people tried to 11 them. He painted fruits which looked so 12 that people wanted to eat them. Everyone 13 looked at the pictures he had painted was 14 by their beauty.As the years passed it 15 only his pictures that made him famous. Pygmalion 16 made perfect pieces of sculpture(雕塑). He could take a plain piece of wood 17 stone and make it beautiful. He could make a rough stone as 18 as glass. He worked long and hard to make his statues(雕像)as real as possible. Often visitors who came to see his work began talking to someone. They were surprised when that person didn't 19 . They were even more surprised 20 they realized they were talking to a statue. It always gave Pygmalion pleasure when people were surprised this way.1、A、went B、came C、wandered D、hung2、A、work B、job C、treasure D、person3、A、since B、before C、ago D、after4、A、practiced B、worked C、exercised D、acted5、A、at B、on C、in D、for6、A、on B、for C、during D、in7、A、since B、when C、after D、until8、A、As B、When C、While D、After9、A、well B、better C、good D、more10、A、very B、so C、as D、really11、A、smell B、look C、see D、buy12、A、true B、real C、good D、like13、A、when B、which C、who D、whom14、A、delighted B、amused C、enjoyed D、drawn15、A、was B、wasn't C、weren't D、were16、A、however B、either C、yet D、also17、A、and B、or C、neither D、nor18、A、good B、nice C、smooth D、pretty19、A、speak B、talk C、answer D、say20、A、when B、after C、before D、until五、汉译英（每小题2分，共20分）1.她将自己的成功归结于努力与耐心。

2011年12月四级考试试题及答案

2011年12月四级考试试题及答案2011年12月大学英语四级真题PartI Writing(30 minutes)Nothing succeeds without a Strong WillOnline Shopping注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上。

Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sen tences with the information given in the passage.British Cuisine: the Best of Old and NewBritish cuisine (烹饪) has come of age in recent years as chefs (厨师) combine the best of old and new.Why does British food have a reputation for being so bad? Because it is bad! Those are not the most encouraging words to hear just before eating lunch at one of Hong Kong's smartest British restaurants, Alfie's by KEE, but head chef Neil T omes has more to say."The past 15 years or so have been a noticeable period of improvement for food in England," the English chef says, citing the trend in British cuisine for better ingredients, preparation and cooking methods, and more appealing presentation. Chefs such as Delia Smith, Nigel Slater, Jamie Oliver and Gordon Ramsay made the public realise that cooking - and eating - didn't have to be a boring thing. And now, most of the British public is familiar even with the extremes of Heston BlumenthaPs moleculargastronomy, a form of cooking that employs scientific methods to create the perfect dish."It's no longer the case that the common man in England is embarrassed to show he knows about food," Tomes says.There was plenty of room for improvement. The problems with the nation's cuisine can be traced back to the Second World War. Before the War, much of Britain's food was imported and when German U-boatsbegan attacking ships bringing food to the country, Britain went on rations (配给)."As rationing came to an end in the 1950s, technology picked up and was used to mass-produce food," T omes says. "And by then people were just happy to have a decent quantity of food in their kitchens." They weren't looking for cured meats, organic produce or beautiful presentation; they were looking for whatever they could get their hands on, and this prioritisation of quantity over quality prevailed for decades, meaning a generation was brought up with food that couldn't compete with neighbouring France, Italy, Belgium or Spain.Before star chefs such as Oliver began making cooking fashionable, it was hard to find a restaurant in London that was open after 9pm. But in recent years the capital's culinary (烹饪的) scene has developedto the point that it is now confident of its ability to please the tastes of any international visitor.With the opening of Alfie's in April, and others such as The Pawn, two years ago, modern British food has made its way to Hong Kong. "With British food, I think that Hong Kong restaurants are keeping up," says David Tamlyn, the Welsh executive chef at The Pawn in Wan Chai. "Hong Kong diners areextremely responsive to new ideas or presentations, which is good news for new dishes."Chefs agree that diners in Hong Kong are embracing the modern British trend. Some restau rants aremodifying the recipes (菜谱) of British dishes to breathe new life into the classics, while others are usingbetter quality ingredients but remaining true to British traditions and tastes.Tamlyn is in the second camp. "We select our food very particularly. We use US beef, New Zealand lamb and for our custards (牛奶蛋糊)we use Bird's Custard Powder," Tamlyn says. "Some restaurants go forcustard made fresh with eggs, sugar and cream, but British custard is different, and we stay true to that." Matthew Hill, senior manager at the two-year-old SoHo restaurant Yorkshire Pudding, also uses better ingredients as a means of improving dishes. "There are a lot of existing perceptions about British food and so we can't alter these too much. We're a traditional British restaurant so there are some staples (主菜) that will remain essentially unchanged."These traditional dishes include fish and chips, steak and kidney pie and large pieces of roasted meats. At Alfie's, the newest of the British restaurants in town and perhaps the most gentlemen's club-like indesign, Neil Tomes explains his passion for provenance (原产地)."Britain has started to become reallyproud of the food it's producing. It has excellent organic farms, beautifully crafted cheeses, high-quality meats."However, the British don't have a history of exporting their foodstuffs, which makes it difficult for restaurants in Hong Kongto source authentic ingredients."We can get a lot of our ingredients once a week from the UK," Tamlyn explains. "But there is also pressure to buy local and save on food miles, which means we take our vegetables from the local markets, and there are a lot that work well with British staples."The Phoenix, in Mid-Levels, offers the widest interpretation of "British cuisine", while still trying to maintain its soul. The gastro-pub has existed in various locations in Hong Kong since 2002. Singaporean head chef Tommy Teh Kum Chai offers daily specials on a blackboard, rather than sticking to a menu. This enables him to reinterpret British cuisine depending on what is avail able in the local markets. "We use a lot of ingredients that people wouldn't perhaps associate as British, but are pre sented in a British way. Bell peppers stuffed with couscous, alongside ratatouille, is a very popular dish."Although the ingredients may not strike diners as being traditional, they can be found in dishes across Britain.Even the traditional chefs are aware of the need to adapt to local tastes and customs, while maintaining the Britishness of their cuisine.At Yorkshire Pudding, Hill says that his staff asks diners whether they would like to share their meals. Small dishes, shared meals and "mixing it up" is not something commonly done in Britain, but Yorkshire Pudding will bring full dishes to the table and offer individual plates for each diner. "That way, people still get the presentation of the dishes as they were designed, but can carve them up however they like," Hill says.This practice is also popular at The Pawn, although largely for rotisseries (烤肉馆),Tamlyn says. "Sometables will arrive on a Sunday, order a whole chicken and a shoulder of lamb or a baby pig, and just stay for hours enjoying everything we bring out for them."Some British traditions are too sacred (神圣的)to mess with, however, T omes says. "I'd never change afull English breakfast."注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

2011年12月考试大学英语(2)第一次作业.doc

2011年12月考试大学英语（2）第一次作业一、单项选择题（本大题共60分，共 60 小题，每小题 1 分）1. The modern concept of the atom is not ___ it used to be in the past century.A. whichB. whatC. howD. when2. We all ( ) the most suitable one to take charge of the task.A. regard him thatB. regard as himC. regard him asD. regard him as that3. By using both ears one can tell the direction （）a sound comes.A. in whichB. from whichC. beyond whichD. with which4. You should follow the right （）when you turn off the machine.A. subsequenceB. consequenceC. sequenceD. acquaintance5. Would you mind ( ) him that his order will be ready on Thursday and asking him to call me any time before lunch.A. to tellB. tellingC. tellD. told6. He made such a generous contribution to the university （）they are naming oneA. asB. thatC. whichD. when7. The invention of steamer is an important （）in industry.A. innovationB. invitationC. inductionD. invasion8. Ahead of me I saw a woman ( ) I thought was my aunt.A. whoB. whomC. of whomD. whose9. Would you please ( ) this registration form?A. fill outB. fill withC. full ofD. full with10. （） your credit card into the ATM, input the right code and then you can get the money.A. putB. takeC. raiseD. insertA. putB. takeC. raiseD. insert11. The essay requires perfecting. I’ll ( ) in half an hour.A. hand it overB. hand over itC. hand overD. have handed it over12. When I was young, I ( ) climb the mountains near our town.A. got used toB. used toC. was used toD. got accustomed to13. Don’t lose heart! There is a promising future _____ you!A. waitingB. awaitingC. waitedD. ced14. It worried her a bit ( ) her hair was turning grey.A. whileB. thatC. ifD. for15. I can't drive this car as I am not （）with its control.A. accustomedB. awareC. familiarD. understand16. ___ you nominate will be elected.A. whoB. whomC. whomeverD. that''''s17. The only access to the town is across the bridge.( )A. 通道B. 存取C. 接通(电脑等)D. 接近18. I wasn't able to ( ) the meeting because I was too busy.A. AttendB. attemptC. assignD. withdraw19. We are offering these scarves for sale again ( ) request.A. AtB. WithC. ForD. by20. To make a long distance call, you’ll need to know the three-digit area ( ).A. NumbeB. SignC. codeD. mark21. ––Is Mr. Smith in the office? ––Yes, ( ) he is in charge, he must be there every day.A. sinceB. howeverC. whetherD. for22. I expect all the letters （）promptly.A. being typedB. to be typedC. having been typedD. to have been typed23. I don''''t think she meant （） you.A. HurtB. to hurtC. hurtingD. be hurt24. China is ( ) by the world for its Great Wall.A. known wellB. well knownC. well knowD. well knew25. We are unable to provide housekeeping services ( ) weekends.A. InB. AtC. OnD. during26. Finally the two firms have ( )A. EmergedB. MergedC. DamagedD. imaged27. You can’t cut ( ) the blood relationship between you and your parents wherever you go.A. downB. offC. upD. in28. She is leaving her husband because she cannot ( ) his bad temper any longer.A. put upB. put awayC. put byD. put up with29. I’ll go home for a vacation as soon as I （） my exams.A. finishedB. will finishC. am finishedD. finish30. It’s so cold this winter here, I feel like （） to the seaside to spend Christmas holidays on the beach.A. goingB. goesC. goD. gone31. The police do not allow him to go out of the city without ( ).A. PermissionB. AgreeC. InterestD. admission32. As they ( ) newspapers for a long time, they knew nothing about the world.A. hadn't readB. didn't readC. haven't readD. don't read33. This song can’t be his work which （） in country style.A. featuresB. charactersC. distinguishesD. contains34. The telephone ( ) connect you to the absent.A. used toB. using toC. are usedD. are used to35. I gave him the book, but demanded that he ( ) it to me in a week.A. must returnB. returnC. would returnD. returned36. There are also phrases that ____ like invitations but in fact are not.A. voiceB. noticeC. soundD. look37. Xiao Ming is （）about everything and keeps asking questions.A. stubbornB. interestedC. curiousD. addicted38. There were so many people that police found it very hard to bring the situation ( ) control.A. AtB. underC. withD. on39. He ( ) when his teacher asked him to hand it in.A. has just finished his paperB. just finished his paperC. would just finish his paperD. had just finished his paper40. You are ____ to know the local customs of the country.A. assuredB. assumedC. alarmedD. absorbed41. Please ( ) our sales manager if you are interested in our new product.A. ConnectB. CommitC. ExpectD. contact42. There isn’t any difference between the two. I really don’t know ( ).A. which to chooseB. to choose whatC. what to chooseD. to choose which43. The （）output has increased greatly.A. manualB. annualC. periodD. partly44. When I said someone is smart I wasn’t ( ) to you.A. ReferringB. AffordingC. RefrainingD. deferring45. I can still remember _____ the happy hours I spent in the old cabin in the forest my childhood.A. expectantlyB. vividlyC. attentivelyD. promptly46. He asked me ( ) the party.A. if I had enjoyedB. if had I enjoyedC. I had enjoyedD. had I enjoyed47. Some children spend most of their free time ( ) television.A. lookingB. seeingC. watchingD. observing48. His music has _____ millions of people around the worldA. touchedB. reachedC. contactedD. met49. He pushed his plate away but ( ) from complaining to the waiter.A. ReferredB. RefrainedC. AttainedD. obtained50. I’m on night duty． When you go to （）__, I go to（）__．A. the bed．．．the workB. bed．．．the workC.bed．．．work the bed．．．work51. Plots of this thriller are really scary, which are also （）（） by the weird appearance of the actress.A. limelightB. enlightenedC. highlightedD. lightened52. The teacher will soon （） Beijing to have a meeting?A. Leave toB. leave outC. leave forD. leave alone53. I ( ) see the excellent performance yesterday.A. was luck toB. was fortunate toC. was luckyD. was fortunately54. I wonder if we could make it some other time if it is （）.A. consciousB. convenientC. commonD. continuous55. He came all the way to China for promoting friendship ( ) for making money.A. other thanB. better thanC. more thanD. rather than56. You could have （）your spare time much better if you had planned well.A. employedB. hiredC. masteredD. managed57. Mrs. White couldn’t present at the meeting this afternoon because she （） the flu.A. obtainedB. caughtC. gainedD. receive58. The number of the （） users of this website increases quickly and to date has reach 2.3 billion.A. enrolledB. registeredC. subscribedD. applied59. You’re not required to commit yourself ( ) you know what the invitation is for.A. AfterB. UntilC. ForD. as60. The open-door policy has ( ) a deep ( ) the changes of China.A. given … example toB. had … effect onC. made … effort toD. paid … attention to二、阅读理解单项选择题（本大题共40分，共 4 小题，每小题 10 分）1.As you are students of English, it’s very possible that you’ll be interested in England. That’s where the language was first spoken. But England is often called by other names. This often confusespeople and I wonder if you know what these names mean. So, now Iwould like to tell you about this matter of names. I believe that you have heard people use the names—England, Britain or Great Britain. Let’s see what each of these names means.If you look at a map of Europe, you’ll see a group of islands—one larger island off the northwest coast, one smaller and many tiny ones. These make up what is called the British Isles (不列颠群岛). The largest island of the British Isles is Britain. It is also called Great Britain. The smaller island is Ireland (爱尔兰).Britain is divided into three parts: Scotland, Wales and England. But sometimes the Word “England” is used instead of “Britain”. Why so? In ancient times, what is Britain now used to be three different countries. People in These different countries spoke different language. Over many years the three countries became one. England is the largest and richest of the three and it has the most people. Sothe English people take it for granted that their own name stands for the whole island.There’s another thing that confuses people: sometimes you may hear people say “the Untied Kingdom of GreatBritain and Northern Ireland”. That is official name of the country. Northern Ireland is only one sixth of the island of Ireland. The rest of the island is an independent state, called the Republic of Ireland. So we have the names of “England”, “Britain”, “Great Britain”, and “the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland”. Now do you know what each of them means?(1). English was first spoken in ( )A.BritainB.EnglandC.Great BritainD. Ireland(2). Britain is divided into( )A.England, Britain, and WalesB.England, Scotland, and WalesC.Wales, Scotland, and Great BritainD. Great Britain, Wales, and Scotland(3). According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?A.Wales is the richest of the threeB.Scotland is the largest of the threeC.Sometimes English is used instead of BritainD. Britain is the only name of the largest island of British Isles(4). The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is ( )A.part of BritainB.part of British IslesC.the official name of the whole country EnglandD. the largest country of all mentioned in the passage(5). Which of the following is an independent country?A.B. WalesC.ScotlandD.Northern IrelandThe Republic of Ireland2. Summers with father were always enjoyable. Swimming, hiking, boating, fishing – the days were not long enough to contain all of our activities. There never seemed to be enough time to go church, which disturbed some friends and relations. Accused of neglectingthis part of our education, my father accepted their criticism. He decided to institute a summer school for my brother and me. However, his summer course included ancient history, which Papa felt our schools neglected, and navigation, in which we first had a formal examination in the dining room, part of which consisted of tying several knots in a given time limit. Then we were each separately sent on what was grandly referred to as a cruise (巡游) in myfather’s 18-foot knockabout. WE spent the night on board, and loaded down, according to my mother, with enough food for a week. I remember that on my cruise I was required to formally plot our course, using the tide table, even though our goal was an island I could seeclearly across the water in the distance.(1). What was the original reason for holding the summer school?A.Friends and relatives thought the children should learn religion.B.The father wanted the children to learn more about religion.C.The children got poor grades in their regular school.D. The regular school teachers neglected the children.(2). The purpose of the cruise mentioned in the passage was to ( ).A.have fun.B. test the author’s sailing abilityC.reward the author for completing summer schoolD. get to the island.(3). Why did the author have to plot the course of her cruise?A.She had to demonstrate her ability to do so.B.She was afraid of getting lost.C.The coast was dangerous.D. The tides were strong.(4). How long did the author’s cruise last?A. all summerB.a week.C.OvernightD. one day, morning till night.(5). Apparently a knockabout is( )A. an islandB. a cruiseC.a boatD. a seaman’s knot.3.We walked in so quietly that the nurse at the desk didn''t even lift her eyes from the book. Mum pointed at a chair by the door and I knew she wanted me to sit down. While I watched mouth open in surprise, Mum took off her hat and coat and gave them to me to hold. She walked quietly to the small room by the lift and took out a wet mop. She pushed the mop past the desk and as the nurse looked up, Mum nodded and said, "Very dirty floors.""Yes, I''m glad they''ve finally decided to clean them." the nurse answered. She looked at Mum strangely and said, "But aren''t you working late?"Mum just pushed harder each swipes (拖一下) of the mop, taking her farther and farther down the hall. I watched until she was out of sight and the nurse had turned back to write in the big book. After a long time Mum came back. Her eyes were shining. She quickly put the mop back and took my hand. As we turned to go out of the door. Mum bowed politely to the nurse and said, "Thank you."Outside, Mum told me, "Dagmar is fine. No fever.""You saw her. Mum?""Of course. I told her about the hospital rules,and she will not expect us until tomorrow. Dad will stop worrying as well. It''s a fine hospital. But such floors! A mop is no good. You need a brush."(1). When she took a mop from the small room what Mum really wanted to do was ( )A.to clean the floorB.to please the nurseC.to see a patientD. to surprise the story-teller(2). When the nurse talked to Mum she thought Mum was a ( )A.nurseB.visitorC.patientD. cleaner(3). After reading the story what can we infer about the hospital?A.It is a children's hospital.B.It has strict rules about visiting hours.C.The conditions there aren't very good.D. The nurses and doctors there don't work hard.(4). From the text we know that Dagmar is most likely ( )A.the story-teller's sisterB.the story-teller's classmatesC.Mum's friendD. Dad's boss(5). Which of the following words best describes Mum?A.StrangeB.warm-heartedC.cleverD. hard-working4.They think they''re lucky that they''re living and it''s Christmas again. They can''t see that we live on a dirty street in a shabby house among people who aren''t much good. Johnny and the children can''t see how pitiful it is that our neighbors have to make happiness out of this filth and dirt. My children must get out of this. But how? The money that we''ve saved isn''t nearly enough. The McGaritys have money, but they are show-offs with it. The McGarity girl just yesterday stood out there in the street eating from a bag of cookies while a ring of hungry children watched her. I saw those children looking at her and crying in their hearts, and when she couldn''t eat any more, she shrew the rest down the sewer(阴沟). Miss Jackson who teaches at the Settlement House isn''t rich, but she knows things. She understands people. Her eyes look straight into yours when she talks with you. Everybody else here looks away because they''re ashamed(羞愧)of their lives. I''d like to see the children be like Miss Jackson when they grew up.(1). The writer suggests that her family ( )A.is extremely richB.is an unhappy oneC.are accustomed to their lifeD. long for a change in their life(2). The McGarity girl is characterized as ( )A.selfish and cruelB.friendly and kindC.beautiful and proudD. rich and nice(3). The writer thinks Miss Jackson is ( )A.poor but braveB.friendly and talkativeC.a teacher liked by all her pupilsD. an example her children should follow(4). Which of the following is TRUE?A.The writer's family is the poorest one on that street.B.Watching the rich girl eating cookies, those hungry children cried.C.The writer wants to move out of that district.D. The writer hopes that her children will become teachers.答案：一、单项选择题（60分，共 60 题，每小题 1 分）1. B2. C3. B4. C5. B6. B7. A8. C9. A 10. D 11. A 12. B 13. B14. B 15. C 16. C 17. A 18. A 19. D 20. C 21. A 22. B 23. B 24. B 25.C 26. B 27. B 28.D 29. D 30. A 31. A 32. A 33. A 34. A 35. B 36. C37. C 38. B 39. D 40. B 41. D 42. A 43. B 44. A 45. B 46. A 47. C 48.A 49.B 50. A 51.C 52. C 53. B 54. B 55.D 56. A 57. B 58. C 59. B60. A二、阅读理解单项选择题（40分，共 4 题，每小题 10 分）1.(1). B (2). B (3). C (4). C (5). D2.(1). A (2). B (3). A (4). C (5). C3.(1). C (2). D (3). B (4). A (5). C4.(1). C (2). A (3). D (4). C。

2011年真题及参考答案812

首先，抗日战争爆发以后，为了全面抗日，文坛渐渐停止三十年代那些无休止的激烈纷争，左联为左协代替。毛泽东在延安座谈会上的讲话给文坛指明了发展方向，产生了巨大影响，出现大量人民作家和人民文学。赵树理即是一大代表。周扬指出“赵树理同志的作品是文学创作上的一大收获，是毛泽东文艺思想在创作实践上的一个胜利。”
4、简述《浮士德》的悲剧历程；结合引文谈谈你对《浮士德》中“两个赌赛” 及其结果的理解。
答：《浮士德》德国伟大的文学家歌德的代表作。通过浮士德的悲剧一生来探讨人的命运以及不可打败的精神。
（一）浮士德的悲剧历程
（1）知识的悲Байду номын сангаас（2）爱情的悲剧（3）政治悲剧（4）美的悲剧（5）事业悲剧
现在看来，赵树理的出现和成功也很值得讨论。一方面有其积极的影响，另一方面，站在今天的角度，或者说文学自身发展的道路上来看，以赵树理为代表的那一代文学也产生了消极影响。文学与政治联系过于紧密，难免产生很多不属于文学的东西，思想性强而艺术性不足。排挤其他文学的生存，导致后来越演越烈而酿成大祸，最终也不利于文学的健康发展，这是我们应该警惕的。
1、答：词汇和词义的发展是和社会的发展、人们对现实的认识的变
化联系在一起的。新事物的出现，旧事物的消亡，认识的深化，都会在词汇和词义中打上自己的印记。
这种发展变化具体表现在三个方面：新词的产生、旧词的消亡，词语的替换，词义的演变。
（1）新词的产生与现实中出现新的事物有联系。例如，导弹，核弹等，是随着工业化进程产生的。构成新词的材料，有些是从外语借来的，例如瓦斯，柯达等。
云南大学2011年招收攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试自命题科目试题
（考生注意：全部答案必须写在答题纸上，否则后果自负！）考试科目名称：理论批评（A卷）考试科目代码：812 答题须知：以下5道题目选做3题，每题50分，共150分。不能多选，多选者按顺序前3题

2011年考研英语(一)真题参考答案完整版

2011年考研英语(一)真题参考答案完整版1-5，ACDBA 6-10 CADCB 11-15 BCACA 16-20 BCADB21-25 DBCAA 26-30 CCBDB 31-35 CCBDB 36-40 CBCCC41-45 BDCAE翻译：46、艾伦的贡献在于提供了我们能分担和揭示错误性质的假设--因为我们不是机器人，因此我们能够控制我们的理想。

47、我们可以单独通过意识维持控制的感觉，但实际上我们一直面临着一个问题，为什么我不能完成这件事情或那件事情。

48、这似乎可能为必要时的忽视正名，也能合理说明剥削，以及在顶层的人的优越感及处于后层人们的劣势感。

49、环境似乎是为了挑选出我们的强者，而且如果我们感觉受了委屈，那么我们就不可能有意识的做出努力逃离我们原来的处境。

50、正面在于我们处于这样的位置，知道所有事情都取决与我们自己，之前我们对着一系列的限制，而现在我们成了权威。

51. Directions: Write a letter to a friend of yours to 1) recommend one of your favorite movies and 2) give reasons for your recommendation. You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use”Li Ming”instead. Do not write the address.(10points)小作文范文：Dear friends:Recently a lot of new movies, you concern? I recently saw a movie is especially suitable for you.Its name is "If You Are The One".First of all it has very powerful cast. Storyline is very tight.Characters' language is classic and thought-provoking. But, I most like it because it's morals. Dear friends, do you to love the understanding of what? Love is romantic, is costly, is simple, or plain? I think in this movie can be reflected. Perhaps now we still can't clear love, but love is already brimming with our lives, is a part of life.I want to watch the movie, we can understand a lot. Dear friends, do you also see this movie, remember to write and tell me how you feel. Miss you!52、Direction Write an essay of 160-200words based on the following drawing .In your essay ,you should 1) describe the drawing briefly 2) explain its intended measing and 3) give your comments You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET2.(20points)大作文范文：Our surroundings are being polluted fast and man's present efforts can not prevent it. Time is bringing us more people, and more people will bring us more industry, more cars, larger cities and the growing use of man-made materials.What can explain and solve this problem? The fact is that pollution is caused by man -- by his desire for a modern way of life. We make "increasing industrialization" our chief aim.So we are often ready to offer everything: clean air, pure water, good food, our health and the future of our children.There is a constant flow of people from the countryside into the cities, eager for the benefits of our modern society. But as our technological achievements have grown in the last twenty years, pollution has become a serious problem.Isn't it time we stopped to ask ourselves where we are going-- and why? It makes one think of the story about the airline pilot who told his passengers over the loudspeaker,"I've some good news and some bad news. The good news is that we're making rapid progress at 530 miles per hour. The bad news is that we're lost and don't know where we're going. " The sad fact is that this becomes a true story when speaking of our modern society.In my opinion, to protect environment, the government must take even more concrete measures. First, it should let people fully realize the importance of environmental protection through education. Second, much more efforts should be made to put the population planning policy into practice, because more people means more people means more pollution. Finally, those who destroy the environment intentionally should be severely punished. We should let them know that destroying environment means destroying mankind themselves海天范文Dear my friend,I’m writing to you to recommend one of my favorite movies 'Avatar'.The movie is directed by James Cameron, who is famous with product Titanic. The story is about immigration to planet Pandora, and what happened with local NA'VI. The film is such a wonder that I thought it is well worth watching in one's whole life. 'Avatar' is not just a film about the love story between a 'human' and a NA'VI princess, but also a educational file. From the movie we learned that we must live in harmony with the nature. Therefore I do not hesitate to recommend this movie to you. I am sure you will enjoy the movie.Yours sincerely,Li Ming海天范文What a terrible and shocking scene it is! As is vividly depicted in the drawing above, sitting on the boat and enjoying their sightseeing, a couple of youngsters are throwing rubbish into the sea, with many dead fishes floating on the surface. What is conveyed in the picture is both realistic and thought-provoking.The implied meaning of the given picture can be elaborated in terms of environmental protection and public manners. On the one hand, along with the development of the economy and society, people tend to attach great importance to personal and economic interests, ignoring ecological balance. As a consequence, environment has been polluted so seriously that environmental protection should be put on the agenda immediately. On the other hand, the inappropriate public manners such as littering and spitting are also one of the major factors causing environmental problems. If we let it go as it is, the nature will take revenge on human being sooner or later.To serve as responsible stewards of the planet, we must promote and popularize the sense of environmental protection. For one thing, laws and regulations should be issued to change the practice of sacrificing long-term environmental health forshort-term rapid economic development. For another, some educational campaign should be launched among the public, especially the young, to raise the awareness of public morality. Only in these ways can we achieve sustainable development and live in a harmonious society.。

英语二,复习题（2011年12月）2

英语⼆,复习题（2011年12⽉）2第⼆册（1）⼀.单选题（每⼩题1分，共20分）1.Will you ____this passage to see if there are any misprints？A、go overB、work outC、look upD、dwell on2.The committee_____ five members, one elderly, two middle-aged and two young comrades.A、consists ofB、is consisted ofC、are consisted ofD、consist of3. All citizens should help the police in _____ criminals(罪犯).A、looking atB、tracking downC、finding outD、discovering4. Everyone at the party was greatly by the pianist's excellent performance.A、embarrassedB、annoyedC、impressedD、tempted5.Unlike most Europeans, many Americans bacon and eggs for breakfast every day.A、used to eatingB、are used to eatingC、are used to eat;D、used to eat.6.What you have just told me is very___________.A、surpriseB、surprisingC、surprisedlyD、surprised7.When ________ where he was born, John said he was a New Yorker.A、askingB、was askedC、being askedD、ask8.Here's a letter for you to__________.A、type itB、typeC、be typedD、be typing9.No one enjoys__________in the middle of the night.A、disturbedB、to be disturbedC、disturbingD、being disturbed10.An exhibition of new inventions is now.A、being heldB、holdC、to be heldD、holding11.I don't like the fellow. He always talks with of self-importance.A、an appearanceB、a faceC、an airD、a color12.She has a boy.A、13 years oldB、13 year oldsC、13-year-oldD、13-years-old13.The park is a bit too small, , the children there are very noisy.A、in addition toB、moreoverC、butD、nevertheless14.It's day for a walk.A、much ofB、veryC、not much of aD、no much a15.Wh ile I like the dress very much, I can't afford it. The word “while”means .A、whenB、althoughC、as long asD、whereas16.It is a great surprise to me my father changed his mind so soon.A、whyB、thatC、howD、because17.The thought he might fail in the exam worried him.A、whenB、so thatC、whatD、that18.They overcame all the difficulties and fulfilled the plan three months ahead of time, is something we had not expected.A、thatB、whatC、itD、which19.When we got there, we found the work .A、doingB、to doC、doneD、to be done20.It was so cold last night one could scarcely bear it.A、thatB、so thatC、whenD、while⼆、改错题（每⼩题1分，共10分）1.My little brother is often criticized for showing great careless in everythingA ＢＣhe does.D2.It is the habit of the country to go out and pick flowers on the first day of spring.ＡＢＣＤ３.In the past few years the factory has cost a lot of money improving its workingA B C D conditions.4. The teacher pointed out for me that there was little chance of success.A B C D5. So far as experience is concerned, Mr. Black is the right man for the work, andA B C D he is now in poor health.6.He was neither clever or stupid, but good enough at his work.A B C D7. The recorder isn't working properly. Something must have gone bad.A B C D8.Judged by the handwriting，the letter must have been written by a small child.A B C D9. They try to avoid making their daughter to do what she doesn't like to do.A B C D10.He got a terrible headache. It kept him wake the whole night.A B C D三、阅读理解（每⼩题2分，共30分）1. Mr. Phanourakis was 85 when he said goodbye to his Greek mountain village and took an American ship for the United States. His sons have done well in business there and wanted him to spend his remaining years with them.The old gentleman knew no language except his own but, with the self-confidence of the Greek mountain villager, he made his way easily about the foreign ship. When the bell announced the serving of lunch on his first day on board，he found the number of his table on the passenger-list outside the dining room and went straight to it while most of the others waited for the chief steward to tell them where to sit.It was a small table for two. Mr. Phanourakis sat down. After a few moments his table companion arrived. “Bon appetit, m? sieur,” he murmured politely, as he took the other chair.“Phanourakis,” he said, carefully spacing out the Greek syllables.During the afternoon, one of the ship?s officers, who spoke some Greek, asked the old gentleman if he had found any acquaintances on board.Mr. Phanourakis shook his head. “No,” he said,“the only person I?ve met so far is my table companion. He must be French. His name is Bonappetit―or something like that.”“That is not his name,”said the officer.“It is a French expression that means…Good appetite'”.At dinner time he found the Frenchman already at the table. He smiled shyly, sat down, and said carefully, “Bon appetit, m? sieur.”The Frenchman returned his smile. “Phanourakis, m?sieur,”he said.1、Mr. Phanourakis went to America because .A、his sons had invited him to stay with themB、he had to take care of his business thereC、he was too old to live aloneD、he lost his home in the Greek mountain village2、On board the American ship, he felt .A、ill at easeB、nervousC、self-confidentD、lonely3、How did he find his table for meals on board the ship?A、By looking at the passenger-list outside the dining room.B、By asking one of the officers on board.C、By following his table companion.D、By waiting for the chief steward to tell him where to sit.4、His table companion's name was .A、BonappetitB、Bon appetitC、FrenchD、unknown5、What did the Frenchman mean when he said“Phanourakis”?A、He addressed the Greek mountain villager by his name.B、He wished the Greek mountain villager good appetite.C、He tried to amuse the Greek mountain villager by cracking a joke.D、He tried to make fun of the Greek mountain villager by imitating his pronunciation.2. Different countries and different races have different manners. Before entering a house in some Asian countries, it is good manners to take off your shoes. In European countries even though shoes sometimes become very muddy, this is not done.A guest in a Chinese house sometimes does not finish a drink. He leaves a little, to show that he has had enough. In a Malay house, too, a guest always leaves a little food. In England, a guest always finishes a drink to show that he enjoys it.We should like to find out the customs of other races, so that they will not think us ill-mannered(举⽌粗鲁). But people all over the world agree that being well-mannered really means being kind and helping others, especially those older or weaker than ourselves. If you remember this, you will not go very far wrong.Here are some examples of the things that a well-mannered person does or does not do.He never laughs at people when they are in trouble. He is always kind either to people or animals. When people are waiting for a bus, or in a post office he lines up to wait his turn. In the bus, he gives his seat to an older person or a lady who is standing. If he accidently bumps into(碰，撞)someone, or gets in their way, he says “Excuse me”or “I’m sorry”. He says “Please”when making a request, and “Thank you”when he receives something. He stands up when speaking to a lady or an older person, and he does not sit down until the other person is seated. He does not talk too much about himself. When eating, he does not speak with his mouth full of food.1、According to the passage, the knowledge of the customs of other races .A、is very usefulB、is unnecessaryC、is unimportantD、does not mean much2、A person with good manners thinks of .A、others before himselfB、himself before othersC、no one but himselfD、others as well as himself3、Which of the following is not true? A well-mannered person usually .A、says‘Please’when making a requestB、makes an apology for bumping into someone accidentallyC、sits where he is when speaking to a ladyD、tries to help those who are in trouble4、If you want to be well-mannered, .A、you laugh at people when they are in troubleB、it's all right to speak with your mouth full of foodC、you should stop someone when he is talkingD、you can only speak after someone else has finished talking5、As different countries have different manners，.A、it's good to learn to be well-manneredB、we should try to find out the differences in the customsC、it should not be wrong to go out of one's way to do anythingD、learning a little second language would be helpful3.Acting is such an over-crowded profession that the only advice that should be given to a young person thinking of going on the stage is “Don't!”. But it is useless to try to discourage someone who feels that he must act, although the chances of his becoming famous are slim. The normal way to begin is to go to a drama school. Usually only students who show promise and talent are accepted, and the course lasts two years. Then the young actor or actress takes up work with a theatrical company, usually as an assistant stage manager. This means doing everything that there is to do in the theatre: painting scenery, publicity(宣传), taking care of the costumes, and even acting in very small parts. It is very hard work indeed, the hours are long and the salary is tiny.Of course, some people have remarkable chances which lead to fame and success without this long and hard training. Connie Pratt, for example, was just an ordinary girl working in a bicycle factory. A film producer happened to catch sight of her one morning waiting at a bus stop, as he drove past in his car. He stopped and gotout to speak to the girl. He asked if she would like to go to the film studio to do a test, and she thought he was joking. Then she got angry and said she would call the police. It took the producer twenty minutes to convince Connie that he was serious. The test was successful. And within a few weeks she was playing the leading part opposite one of the most famous actors of the day. But chances like this happen once in a blue moon!1、From the very beginning, the author puts it clearly that acting is a profession .A、sought after by too many peopleB、too difficult for young peopleC、for ambitious people onlyD、for young people only2、Which of the following is NOT mentioned as part of an assistant stage manager's job?A、Playing minor roles.B、Taking care of the dress to be worn on the stage by an actor or actress.C、Helping advertise plays.D、Collecting tickets.3、The film producer found Connie Pratt one morning when she was .A、working in a bicycle factoryB、driving past him in her carC、going to a film studioD、waiting for a bus4、A few weeks after the test, Connie Pratt found herself .A、the most famous actress of the worldB、playing the leading female role in a playC、as famous as the greatest actor of the worldD、no less famous than the leading actor of the day5、The concluding sentence“chances like this happen once in a blue moon”means .A、this is something which happens once in a whileB、this is a highly profitable chanceC、this is something highly possibleD、this is a very rare chance四、完型填空（每⼩题1分，共20分）He was known everywhere as a great artist. People 1 from miles around to admire his beautiful 2 . His name was Pygmalion, and he lived long, long 3 in Athens, Greece.Pygmalion 4 his art for many years. His desire 5 excellence made him spend months 6 a single work of art. He would not stop 7 he felt it was perfect. 8 the years passed, his work became 9 . Pygmalion painted flowers which looked 10 natural that people tried to 11 them. He painted fruits which looked so 12 that people wanted to eat them. Everyone 13 looked at the pictures he had painted was 14 by their beauty.As the years passed it 15 only his pictures that made him famous. Pygmalion 16 made perfect pieces of sculpture(雕塑). He could take a plain piece of wood 17 stone and make it beautiful. He could make a rough stone as 18 as glass. He worked long and hard to make his statues(雕像)as real as possible. Often visitors who came to see his work began talking to someone. They were surprised when that person didn't 19 . They were even more surprised 20 they realized they were talking to a statue. It always gave Pygmalion pleasure when people were surprised this way.1、A、went B、came C、wandered D、hung2、A、work B、job C、treasure D、person3、A、since B、before C、ago D、after4、A、practiced B、worked C、exercised D、acted5、A、at B、on C、in D、for6、A、on B、for C、during D、in7、A、since B、when C、after D、until8、A、As B、When C、While D、After9、A、well B、better C、good D、more10、A、very B、so C、as D、really11、A、smell B、look C、see D、buy12、A、true B、real C、good D、like13、A、when B、which C、who D、whom14、A、delighted B、amused C、enjoyed D、drawn15、A、was B、wasn't C、weren't D、were16、A、however B、either C、yet D、also17、A、and B、or C、neither D、nor18、A、good B、nice C、smooth D、pretty19、A、speak B、talk C、answer D、say20、A、when B、after C、before D、until五、汉译英（每⼩题2分，共20分）1.她将⾃⼰的成功归结于努⼒与耐⼼。

2011考研英语二真题答案

2011考研英语二真题答案2011年考研英语二真题答案Part A Text 1答案：1. D) encourage more students to study abroad.2. A) New regulations issued by the central government.3. B) reasons for studying abroad have changed.4. C) There is no specific date.5. D) they need to have a more up-to-date understanding of the world. Part A Text 2答案：6. A) Their IQ scores may underestimate their true intelligence.7. C) They found no significant correlation between smoking and IQ.8. B) Smoking is a sign of being socially ostracized.9. D) Those with lower IQ scores are more likely to smoke.10. C) Some researchers have an inherent bias against smokers.Part BSection 1答案：11. A) The author is reluctant to join the woman's organization.12. B) The woman enjoys going to parties.13. A) Taking a part-time job on campus.14. A) Fine Arts students.15. C) They are free to choose the length of their summer vacation. Section 2答案：16. C) Visit online forums.17. B) Enroll in a course.18. D) To learn how to talk to artistically-minded people.19. A) It helps him enhance his capacity.20. D) They have married and have jobs.Section 3答案：21. B) Creativity is not only a natural gift but also a skill.22. C) Relying too much on left-brain thinking.23. D) Come up with creative ideas.24. A) They limit their own creativity.25. B) It restrains their creativity.Section 4答案：26. B) Encourage patients to make their own medical decisions.27. C) Physicians and patients share the decision making.28. D) Doctors know more about medicine, while patients know more about themselves.29. B) Involving family members in the decision-making process.30. A) It may lead to divergent views.。

2011年考研英语二真题及答案

2011年考研英语二真题及答案Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Many years ago, I visited an old university friend who was studying medicine in London. He took (1) of his university's medical department and showed me around the research labs. As we were about to leave the cancer laboratory, I noticed a (2) piece of paper attached to the wall. It had a list of chemical substances and the respective (3) on cancer cells. The exact values were noted down, including the concentration of each chemical, the time of incubation (培养期) and the size of the cancer cell culture plate. It was clear that someone had been (4) a serious experiment.When I asked my friend about it, he smiled and told me something which I have never (5) . The paper contained the complete results of a very important (6) experiment and it was someone's (7) to update the online laboratory notebook. This was a record of the steps followed, the results obtained, and any other (8) information. The idea was to help everyone in the lab stay updated on the progress of the (9) . I was very impressed by the responsibility shown by the person who conducted the experiment and, of course, by the general idea of (10) a notebook that could be accessed by everyone in real-time.Unfortunately, the (11) of this great idea is not yet mature. The idea that a lab notebook could be online goes (12) the traditional view of a personaland (13) place where researchers could record their thoughts, ideas and results. But today's labs (14) a different picture. Many labs employ researchers from different parts of the world, connected with existing and emerging (15) for collaboration. A worldwide accessible notebook is therefore not a bad idea and, as a matter of (16) , it is already a reality in some laboratories around the world.In some labs, a notebook is only accessible via their secure network (17) a username and password. Others are looking at public ways to grant access. Similarly, some labs have entire lab management (18) that include the sharing of notes, protocols and results. Other labs intend to add this functionality very soon. There are still (19) to be resolved, mainly regarding security and privacy issues, but the general trend is undeniably (20) the switch from paper to digital notebooks.1. A full B advantage C control D medicine2. A folded B misplaced C crumpled D dusty3. A research B professions C influences D effects4. A experimenting B employing C conducting D exploring5. A heard B believed C discovered D forgotten6. A laboratory B chemical C medicinal D scientific7. A purpose B background C spotlight D duty8. A relevant B efficient C irrelevant D supportive9. A examination B experiment C discovery D application10. A protecting B saving C accessing D revising11. A understanding B application C expertise D achievement12. A beyond B against C upon D over13. A confidential B public C specialized D open14. A picture B scenario C strategy D figure15. A networks B fields C topics D tools16. A fact B principle C research D access17. A concerning B acknowledging C reinforcing D requiring18. A traditions B policies C environments D positions19. A issues B concerns C areas D procedures20. A promoting B preventing C encouraging D hindering参考答案：1. C control2. B misplaced3. D effects4. C conducting5. D forgotten6. A laboratory7. D duty8. A relevant9. B experiment10. C accessing11. B application12. A beyond13. B public14. B scenario15. A networks16. A fact17. D requiring18. C environments19. A issues20. C encouragingSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1According to Thomas Edison, most inventions are 1 percent inspiration and 99 percent perspiration. That may have been true in his day, but invention has changed radically in the past century. Today, it can be both more efficient and more frustrating, with inventors making errors such as forgetting the "ordinary skills" requirement for getting a patent and misreading established patents.Soon, these kinds of mistakes will be less likely, thanks to a new method developed by a researcher at the Fordham University School of Law in New York City.The method, known as "invention mining", is a way to find out possible inventions from huge databases of scientific information. Invention mining gives inventors many new veins to tap into - and makes it much easier to come up with new ideas.In the past, the first step of inventing something new was an exhaustive search through existing patents to make sure the proposed invention hadn't already been patented. But that traditional search couldn't effectively cover all the information needed, as it was only possible to cover a fraction of patents, university research papers, and other sources of technical information in any one search.However, invention mining can go through billions of records of technical information in one search. "Text mining is natural language processing, but invention mining is natural language processing on steroids （特效药）" says Professor Stempfle.According to his study, a successful search of one billion records using a properly formed claim will return about 3.15 million technical documents for review, and we usually only need to inspect about 150,000 of these to find a few that truly meet our needs.Invention mining can turn up scientific research and patents nobody ever knew existed. Stempfle's paper cited an example of a case study from Ford when a scientist was doing background research on fire protection systems: it found a solution that had been patented and then forgotten, dating back to an 1838 patent. "The inventors of the company that found this were excited," says Stempfle, but nobody else had ever heard of the invention. This would have been something that may not otherwise have been discovered."Invention mining gives small inventors a newfound power against large corporations," says Stempfle . "Say you're a small inventor with 20 patents, and then IBM thinks you're infringing on（侵犯） one of their patents. IBM can do a search through a million patents to find ground to say your patent is invalid. Using a tool like invention mining, you can look at the same million patents to come up with innovative ways to say the IBM patent is not reallya valid one. It really does level the playing field."21. Invention mining helps inventors to ________.A. identify and solve problems in the invention processB. establish the ordinary skills requirement for getting a patentC. read established patents with more efficiencyD. prevent scientific information from being forgotten22. Compared to the traditional search, invention mining ________.A. covers a wider range of technical informationB. is more time-consumingC. requires a larger database of scientific informationD. focuses on patents and university research papers23. What does Professor Stempfle suggest about invention mining?A. It should be used in the background research of fire protection systems.B. It should only be used by small inventors against large corporations.C. It should be improved through natural language processing.D. It should be applied to the validation of small inventors' patents.24. What can be a drawback of invention mining?A. Certain patents are prone to being misread by inventors.B. It relies heavily on existing patents.C. It doesn't cover all the technical information.D. Some 19th-century patents may have been missed.25. What is the main purpose of the text?A. To discuss the new method of invention mining.B. To compare the merits of invention mining and traditional search.C. To introduce the researcher behind the invention mining method.D. To analyze the potential of invention mining in the future.参考答案：21. A. identify and solve problems in the invention process22. A. covers a wider range of technical information23. D. It should be applied to the validation of small inventors' patents.24. C. It doesn't cover all the technical information.25. A. To discuss the new method of invention mining.Part BDirections:Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (20 points)Text 2The saying "knowledge is power" is accurate in many situations. We tend to believe that the more information we have, the better decisions we can make. However, recent research suggests that this may not always be the case. In fact, having too much information can sometimes hinder our decision-making process and lead to poorer outcomes.One reason why an excess of information may be detrimental is that it can lead to information overload. When we are faced with too much information, we may struggle to process it all efficiently. As a result, wemay overlook important details or become overwhelmed, leading to decision paralysis. In this state, it becomes difficult to make any decision at all.Furthermore, having too much information can also lead to biased decision-making. When we have a lot of information, it is natural for us to focus on the information that supports our existing beliefs or preferences, while disregarding contradictory information. This confirmation bias can limit our ability to consider alternative perspectives and make well-rounded decisions.Another issue associated with an excess of information is the potential for analysis paralysis. This occurs when we spend excessive amounts of time analyzing and comparing different options, becoming so fixated on finding the perfect choice that we fail to make a decision altogether. The fear of making a suboptimal choice can act as a barrier to action, preventing us from moving forward and potentially missing out on valuable opportunities.While information is undoubtedly valuable, it is important to strike a balance and avoid becoming overwhelmed by an excessive amount of data. Recognizing the limitations of information and being mindful of its potential effects on decision-making can help ensure more effective and efficient choices.26. What is the author's main point about information?A. It is essential for making well-rounded decisions.B. It can lead to biased decision-making.C. It can hinder the decision-making process.D. It is necessary for finding valuable opportunities.27. What is "confirmation bias"?A. Overlooking important details due to information overload.B. Struggling to process excessive amounts of information.C. Focusing on information that supports existing beliefs.D. Spending excessive time analyzing different options.28. What does the author mean by "analysis paralysis"?A. Being overwhelmed by contradictory information.B. Failing to make a decision due to fear of making a mistake.C. Considering alternative perspectives when making a choice.D. Being unable to distinguish between valuable and irrelevant information.29. According to the text, what is important when dealing with information?A. Finding the perfect choice.B. Overcoming decision paralysis.C. Recognizing the limitations of information.D. Analyzing and comparing different options.30. What is the tone of the text?A. OptimisticB. CautiousC. InformativeD. Argumentative参考答案：26. C. It can hinder the decision-making process.27. C. Focusing on information that supports existing beliefs.28. B. Failing to make a decision due to fear of making a mistake.29. C. Recognizing the limitations of information.30. B. CautiousSection III TranslationDirections:Translate the following passage into English. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points)传统教育系统中，作业被视为学生练习和掌握课堂知识的一种方式。

2011考研英语二真题及答案解析完整版

2011考研英语二真题及答案解析完整版第一部分：阅读理解第一篇题目：Will Robots Take Our Jobs?In Boston, there is a small restaurant called Spyce, which boasts (吹嘘) a unique feature: the entire kitchen is automated (自动化的). There are no chefs or cooks working in the kitchen, just seven robot cooks working efficiently to serve delicious meals to customers. This fully automated restaurant is a clear indication of the rise of robots in the workforce.The introduction of advanced technologies, such as artificial intelligence (AI) and robotics, has raised concerns about job security. Many industries are facing the disruption caused by automation. The real question that arises is whether robots will take over our jobs and leave humans unemployed.Robotics and automation have successfully replaced manual labor in several industries. For example, self-checkout machines in supermarkets and automated assembly lines in factories are becoming increasingly common. These technologies streamline processes, reduce costs, and enhance efficiency.However, it is essential to note that while robots excel at tasks that require precision and repetition, they often strugglewith jobs that involve emotional intelligence and creativity. For instance, robots may be programmed to perform routine surgeries, but they cannot provide empathetic care to patients like healthcare professionals can. Similarly, while a robot can clean a room, it lacks the attention to detail that a human cleaner possesses.Furthermore, new technologies often create more jobs than they replace. The rise of robots may lead to the creation of entirely new industries and job roles. Software developers, AI engineers, and robotics technicians are examples of professions that have emerged as a result of automation. Additionally, as robots take over mundane tasks, humans can focus on more complex and creative work.In conclusion, while robots are undoubtedly changing the workforce and may replace some jobs, they are unlikely to completely eliminate human employment. The future lies in a partnership between humans and robots, where humans leverage their unique skills and abilities alongside automationto create a more productive and efficient society.解析：本文主要探讨了人工智能和机器人技术的引入对工作安全的影响。

2011年12月六级真题及答案

2011年12月大学英语六级真题Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Google's Plan for World's Biggest Online Library: Philanthropy Or Act of Piracy?In recent years, teams of workers dispatched by Google have been working hard to make digital copies of books. So far, Google has scanned more than 10 million titles from libraries in America and Europe - including half a million volumes held by the Bodleian in Oxford. The exact method it uses is unclear; the company does not allow outsiders to observe the process.Why is Google undertaking such a venture? Why is it even interested in all those out-of-print library books, most of which have been gathering dust on forgotten shelves for decades? The company claims its motives are essentially public-spirited. Its overall mission, after all, is to "organize the world's information", so it would be odd if that information did not include books.The company likes to present itself as having lofty aspirations. "This really isn't about making money. We are doing this for the good of society." As Santiago de la Mora, head of Google Books for Europe, puts it: "By making it possible to search the millions of books that exist today, we hope to expand the frontiers of human knowledge."Dan Clancy, the chief architect of Google Books, does seem genuine in his conviction that this is primarily a philanthropic (慈善的) exercise. "Google's core business is search and find, so obviously what helps improve Google's search engine is good for Google," he says. "But we have never built a spreadsheet (电子数据表) outlining the financial benefits of this, and I have never had to justify the amount I am spending to the company's founders."It is easy, talking to Clancy and his colleagues, to be swept along by their missionary passion. But Google's book-scanning project is proving controversial. Several opponents have recently emerged, ranging from rival tech giants such as Microsoft and Amazon to small bodies representing authors and publishers across the world. In broad terms, these opponents have leveled two sets of criticisms at Google.First, they have questioned whether the primary responsibility for digitally archiving the world's books should be allowed to fall to a commercial company. In a recent essay in the New York Review of Books, Robert Danton, the head of Harvard University's library, argued that because such books are a common resource –the possession of us all –only public, not-for-profit bodies should be given the power to control them.The second related criticism is that Google's scanning of books is actually illegal. This allegation has led to Google becoming mired in (陷入) a legal battle whose scope and complexity makes the Jaundice and Jaundice case in Charles Dickens' Bleak House look straightforward.At its centre, however, is one simple issue: that of copyright. The inconvenient fact about most books, to which Google has arguably paid insufficient attention, is that they are protected by copyright. Copyright laws differ from country to country, but in general protection extends for the duration of an author's life and for a substantial period afterwards, thus allowing the author's heirs to benefit. (In Britain and America, this post-death period is 70 years.) This means, of course, that almost all of the books published in the 20th century are still under copyright – and the last century saw more books published than in all previous centuries combined. Of the roughly 40 million books in US libraries, for example, an estimated 32 million are in copyright. Of these, some 27 million are out of print.Outside the US, Google has made sure only to scan books that are out of copyright and thus in the "public domain" (works such as the Bodleian's first edition of Middlemarch, which anyone can read for free on Google Books Search).But, within the US, the company has scanned both in-copyright and out-of-copyright works. In its defense, Google points out that it displays only small segments of books that are in copyright– arguing that such displays are "fair use". But critics allege that by making electronic copies of these books without first seeking the permission of copyright holders, Google has committed piracy."The key principle of copyright law has always been that works can be copied only once authors have expressly given their permission," says Piers Bluffed, of the Sheila Land literary agency in London. "Google has reversed this – it has simply copied all these works without bothering task."In 2005, the Authors Guild of America, together with a group of US publishers, launched a class action suit (集团诉讼) against Google that, after more than two years of negotiation, ended with an announcement last October that Google and the claimants had reached an out-of-court settlement. The full details are complicated - the text alone runs to 385 pages– and trying to summarize it is no easy task. "Part of the problem is that it is basically incomprehensible," says Bluffed, one of the settlement's most vocal British critics.Broadly, the deal provides a mechanism for Google to compensate authors and publishers whose rights it has breached (including giving them a share of any future revenue it generates from their works). In exchange for this, the rights holders agree not to sue Google in future.This settlement hands Google the power - but only with the agreement of individual rights holders – to exploit its database of out-of-print books. It can include them in subscription deals sold to libraries or sell them individually under a consumer license. It is these commercial provisions that are proving the settlement's most controversial aspect.Critics point out that, by giving Google the right to commercially exploit its database, the settlement paves the way for a subtle shift in the company's role from provider of information to seller. "Google's business model has always been to provide information for free, and sell advertising on the basis of the traffic this generates," points out James Grimmelman, associate professor at New York Law School. Now, he says, because of the settlement's provisions, Google could become a significant force in bookselling.Interest in this aspect of the settlement has focused on "orphan" works, where there is no known copyright holder – these make up an estimated 5-10% of the books Google has scanned. Under the settlement, when no rights holders come forward and register their interest in a work, commercial control automatically reverts to Google. Google will be able to display up to 20% of orphan works for free, include them in its subscription deals to libraries and sell them to individual buyers under the consumer license.It is by no means certain that the settlement will be enacted (执行) – it is the subject of fairness hearing in the US courts. But if it is enacted, Google will in effect be off the hook as far as copyright violations in the US are concerned. Many people are seriously concerned by this - and the company is likely to face challenges in other courts around the world.No one knows the precise use Google will make of the intellectual property it has gained by scanning the world's library books, and the truth, as Gerick, an American science writer and member of the Authors Guild, points out, is that the company probably doesn't even know itself. But what is certain is that, in some way or other, Google's entrance into digital bookselling will have a significant impact on the book world in the years to come.1. Google claims its plan for the world's biggest online library is _____.A) to serve the interest of the general publicB) to encourage reading around the worldC) to save out-of-print books in librariesD) to promote its core business of searching2. According to Santiago de la Mora, Google's book-scanning project will _____.A) broaden humanity's intellectual horizonsB) help the broad masses of readersC) revolutionize the entire book industryD) make full use of the power of its search engine3. Opponents of Google Books believe that digitally archiving the world's books should be controlled by _____.A) non-profit organizations C) multinational companiesB) the world's leading libraries D) the world's tech giants4. Google has involved itself in a legal battle as it ignored _____.A) the copyright of authors of out-of-print booksB) the copyright of the books it scannedC) the interest of traditional booksellersD) the differences of in-print and out-of-print books5. Google defends its scanning in-copyright books by saying that _____.A) it displays only a small part of their contentB) it is willing to compensate the copyright holdersC) making electronic copies of books is not a violation of copyrightD) the online display of in-copyright books is not for commercial use6. What do we learn about the class action suit against Google?A) It ended in a victory for the Authors Guild of America.B) It was settled after more than two years of negotiation.C) It failed to protect the interests of American publishers.D) It could lead to more out-of-court settlements of such disputes.7. What remained controversial after the class action suit ended?A) The compensation for copyright holders.B) The change in Google's business model.C) Google's further exploitation of its database.D) The commercial provisions of the settlement.8. While _____, Google makes money by selling advertising.9. Books whose copyright holders are not known are called _____.10. Google's entrance into digital bookselling will tremendously _____ in the future.Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.11. A) Cancel the trip to prepare for the test.B) Review his notes once he arrives in Chicago.C) Listen to the recorded notes while driving.D) Prepare for the test after the wedding.12. A) The woman will help the man remember the lines.B) The man lacks confidence in playing the part.C) The man hopes to change his role in the play.D) The woman will prompt the man during the show.13. A) Preparations for an operation. C) Arranging a bed for a patient.B) A complicated surgical case. D) Rescuing the woman's uncle.14. A) He is interested in improving his editing skills.B) He is eager to be nominated the new editor.C) He is sure to do a better job than Simon.D) He is too busy to accept more responsibility.15. A) He has left his position in the government.B) He has already reached the retirement age.C) He made a stupid decision at the cabinet meeting.D) He has been successfully elected Prime Minister.16. A) This year's shuttle mission is a big step in space exploration.B) The man is well informed about the space shuttle missions.C) The shuttle flight will be broadcast live worldwide.D) The man is excited at the news of the shuttle flight.17. A) At an auto rescue center. C) At a suburban garage.B) At a car renting company. D) At a mountain camp.18. A) He got his speakers fixed. C) He listened to some serious musicB) He went shopping with the woman. D) He bought a stereo system.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) Providing aid to the disabled. B) Printing labels for manufactured goods.C) Promoting products for manufacturers. D) Selling products made for left-handers.20. A) Most of them are specially made for his shop. B) All of them are manufactured in his own plant.C) The kitchenware in his shop is of unique design. D) About half of them are unavailable on the market.21. A) They specialize in one product only. C) They run chain stores in central London.B) They have outlets throughout Britain. D) They sell by mail order only.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.22. A) It publishes magazines. B) It sponsors trade fairs.C) It runs sales promotion campaigns. D) It is engaged in product design.23. A) The ad specifications had not been given in detail.B) The woman's company made last-minute changes.C) The woman's company failed to make payments in time.D) Organizing the promotion was really time-consuming.24. A) Extend the campaign to next year. B) Cut the fee by half for this year.C) Run another four-week campaign. D) Give her a 10 percent discount.25. A) Stop negotiating for the time being. B) Calm down and make peace.C) Reflect on their respective mistakes D) Improve their promotion plans.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage One Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. A) They look spotlessly clean throughout their lives.B) They are looked after by animal-care organizations.C) They sacrifice their lives for the benefit of humans.D) They are labeled pet animals by the researchers.27. A) They may affect the results of experiments.B) They may behave abnormally.C) They may breed out of control.D) They may cause damage to the environment.28. A) When they become escapees. C) When they get too old.B) When they are no longer useful. D) When they become ill.29. A) While launching animal protection campaigns, they were trapping kitchen mice.B) While holding a burial ceremony for a pet mouse, they were killing pest mice.C) While advocating freedom for animals, they kept their pet mouse in a cage.D) While calling for animal rights, they allowed their kids to keep pet animals.Passage TwoQuestions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.30. A) They take it for granted. B) They are crazy about it.C) They contribute most to it. D) They often find fault with it.31. A) Heat and light. C) Historical continuity.B) Economic prosperity. D) Tidal restlessness.32. A) They find the city alien to them.B)They are adventurers from all over the world.C) They lack knowledge of the culture of the city.D) They have difficulty surviving.Passage ThreeQuestions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.33. A) A political debate. C) A documentary.B) A football game. D) A murder mystery.34. A) It enhances family relationships. C) It helps broaden one’s horizons.B) It is a sheer waste of time. D) It is unhealthy for the viewers.35. A) He watches TV programs only selectively.B) He can't resist the temptation of TV either.C) He doesn't like watching sports programs.D) He is not a man who can keep his promise.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.In the past, one of the biggest disadvantages of machines has been their inability to work on a micro-scale. For example, doctors did not have devices allowing them to go inside the human body to (36) _____ health problems or to perform (37) _____ surgery. Repair crews did not have a way of (38) _____ broken pipes located deep within a high-rise (39) _____ building. However, that's about to change. Advances in computers and biophysics have started a micro miniature (超微) (40) _____that allows scientists to envision – and in some cases actually build – microscopic machines. These devices promise to (41)_____ change the way we live and work.Micro machines already are making an impact. At Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland, Ohio, research scientists have designed a 4-inch silicon chip that holds 700 tiny (42) _____motors. At Lucas Nova Sensor in Fremont, California, scientists have perfected the world's firstmicroscopic blood-pressure sensor. Threaded through a person's blood (43) _____, the sensor can provide blood pressure readings at the valve of the heart itself.(44) ______________________________________________________________________. Auto manufacturers, for example, are trying to use tiny devices_______________________________________________________(45)___________________________________________________________________________. Some futurists envision nanotechnology (纳米技术) also being used to explore the deep sea in small submarines, or even to launch finger-sized rockets packed with micro miniature instruments.There is an explosion of new ideas and applications. So, (46) _________________________________________________________________________________________.Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)Section A Directions: In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. Please write your answers on Answer Sheet 2.Leadership is the most significant word in today's competitive business environment because it directs the manager of a business to focus inward on their personal capabilities and style. Experts on leadership will quickly point out that "how things get done" influences the success of the outcomes and indicates a right way and a wrong way to do things. When a noted leader on the art of management, Peter Dracker, coined the phrase "Management is doing things right; leadership is doing the right things," he was seeking to clarify the distinctions he associates with the terms.When Stephen Covey, founder and director of the Leadership Institute, explored leadership styles in the past decade, he focused on the habits of a great number of highly effective individuals. His Seven Habits of Highly Effective People became apopular bestseller very quickly. His ideas forced a reexamination of the early leadership paradigm (范例), which he observed centered on traits found in the character ethic and the personality ethic. The former ethic suggested success was founded on integrity, modesty, loyalty, courage, patience, and so forth. The personality ethic suggested it was one's attitude, not behavior, that inspired success, and this ethic was founded on a belief of positive mental attitude. In contrast to each of these ideas, Covey advocates that leaders need to understand universal principles of effectiveness, and he highlights how vital it is for leaders to first personally manage themselves if they are to enjoy any hope of outstanding success in their work environments. To achieve a desired vision for your business, it is vital that you have a personal vision of where you are headed and what you value. Business leadership means that managers need to "put first things first," which implies that before leading others, you need to be clear on your own values, abilities, and strengths and be seen as trustworthy.47. To be good leaders, managers must pay close attention to their own _____.48. According to Peter Dracker, leaders should be good at _____.49. The personality ethic suggests that people are likely to succeed if they have _____.50. According to Stephen Covey, leaders who hope to achieve outstanding success need first of all to _____.51. Good leadership requires one to know one's own strengths and be able to win people's _____.Section B Directions:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneWhat's the one word of advice a well-meaning professional would give to a recent college graduate? China"} India! Brazil! How about trade!When the Commerce Department reported last week that the trade deficit in June approached $50 billion, it set off a new round of economic doom saying. Imports, which soared to $200.3 billion in the month, are subtracted in the calculation of gross domestic product. The larger the trade deficit, the smaller the GDP. Should such imbalances continue, pessimists say, they could contribute to slower growth.But there's another way of looking at the trade data. Over the past two years, the figures on imports and exports seem not to signal a double-dip recession –a renewed decline in the broad level of economic activity in the United States –but an economic expansion.The rising volume of trade – more goods and services shuttling in and out of the United States – is good news for many sectors. Companies engaged in shipping, trucking, rail freight, delivery,and logistics (物流) have all been reporting better than expected results. The rising numbers sig¬nify growing vitality in foreign markets – when we import more stuff, it puts more cash in the hands of people around the world, and U.S. exports are rising because more foreigners have the ability to buy the things we produce and market. The rising tide of trade is also good news for people who work in trade-sensitive businesses, especially those that produce commodities for which global demand sets the price – agricultural goods, mining, metals, oil.And while exports always seem to lag, U.S. companies are becoming more involved in the global economy with each passing month. General Motors sells as many cars in China as in America each month. While that may not do much for imports, it does help GM's balance sheet – and hence makes the jobs of U.S.-based executives more stable.One great challenge for the U.S. economy is slack domestic consumer demand. Americans are paying down debt, saving more, and spending more carefully. That's to be expected, given what we've been through. But there's a bigger challenge. Can U.S.-based businesses, large and small, figure out how to get a piece of growing global demand? Unless you want to pick up and move to India, or Brazil, or China, the best way to do that is through trade. It may seem obvious, but it's no longer enough simply to do business with our friends and neighbors here at home.Companies and individuals who don't have a strategy to export more, or to get more involved in foreign markets, or to playa role in global trade, are shutting themselves out of the lion's share of economic opportunity in our world.52. How do pessimists interpret the U.S. trade deficit in June?A) It reflects Americans' preference for imported goods.B) It signifies a change in American economic structure.C) It is the result of America's growing focus on domestic market.D) It could lead to slower growth of the national economy.53. What does the author say about the trade data of the past two years?A) It indicates that economic activities in the U.S. have increased.B) It shows that U.S. economy is slipping further into recession.C) It signals decreasing domestic demand for goods and services.D) It reflects the fluctuations in the international market.54. Who particularly benefit from the rising volume of trade?A) People who have expertise in international trade.B) Consumers who favor imported goods and services.C) Producers of agricultural goods and raw materials.D) Retailers dealing in foreign goods and services.55. What is one of the challenges facing the American economy?A) Competition from overseas.C) Slack trade activities.B) People's reluctance to spend.D) Decreasing productivity.56. What is the author's advice to U.S. companies and individuals?A) To import more cheap goods from developing countries.B) To move their companies to where labor is cheaper.C) To increase their market share overseas.D) To be alert to fluctuations in foreign markets.Passage TwoA recurring criticism of the UK's university sector is its perceived weakness in translating new knowledge into new products and services.Recently, the UK National Stem Cell Network warned the UK could lose its place among the world leaders in stem cell research unless adequate funding and legislation could be assured. We should take this concern seriously as universities are key in the national innovation system.However, we do have to challenge the unthinking complaint that the sector does not do enough in taking ideas to market. The most recent comparative data on the performance of universities and research institutions in Australia, Canada, USA and UK shows that, from a relatively weak starting position, the UK now leads on many indicators of commercialization activity.When viewed at the national level, the policy interventions of the past decade have helped transform the performance of UK universities. Evidence suggests the UK's position is much stronger than in the recent past and is still showing improvement. But national data masks the very large variation in the performance of individual universities. The evidence shows that a large number of universities have fallen off the back of the pack, a few perform strongly and the rest chase the leaders.This type of uneven distribution is not peculiar to the UK and is mirrored across other economies. In the UK, research is concentrated: less than 25% of universities receive 75% of the research funding. These same universities are also the institutions producing the greatest share of PhD graduates, science citations, patents and license income. The effect of policies generating long-term resource concentration has also created a distinctive set of universities which are research-led and commercially active. It seems clear that the concentration of research and commercialization work creates differences between universities.The core objective for universities which are research-led must be to maximize the impact of their research efforts. These universities should be generating the widest range of social, economic and environmental benefits. In return for the scale of investment, they should share their expertise in order to build greater confidence in the sector.Part of the economic recovery of the UK will be driven by the next generation of research commercialization spilling out of our universities. There are three dozen universities in the Which are actively engaged in advanced research training and commercialization work.If there was a greater coordination of technology transfer offices within regions and a simultaneous investment in the scale。

11年英二真题答案解析

11年英二真题答案解析Introduction:在备战英语考试过程中，解析历年真题是一种常见的有效策略。

本文将对2011年英语二真题进行解析，旨在帮助考生掌握解题技巧，并深入理解英语学科知识。

Section 1: 阅读理解阅读理解是英语考试中的重要部分，本节将对2011年英语二真题中的阅读理解部分进行分析。

1. Passage 1:该篇文章介绍了一个关于文化差异的实验，并要求考生理解其中的细节、观点和逻辑关系。

题目类型多样，包括选择题、配对题和填空题。

在解答该篇文章时，考生应先仔细阅读问题并扫描全文，然后根据问题的要求找到相关信息。

答案通常以原文中的关键词为线索，考生需要将原文信息与问题要求进行精确匹配。

2. Passage 2:本文主要涉及环保和能源议题。

题目类型包括选择题、判断题和填空题。

题目针对文章的观点、背景、详情等进行提问。

在解答该篇文章时，考生应注意文章结构和观点表达。

解题时可以先阅读问题，然后带着问题回到原文中寻找相关信息。

同时，考生还需注意选项之间的细微差别，以确保选择正确答案。

Section 2: 完型填空完型填空是考察考生对文本整体理解能力的重要题型。

本节将对2011年英语二真题中的完型填空部分进行分析。

该部分设有一篇短文，并伴有15个空格。

每个空格中都提供了四个选项。

考生需要在阅读全文后，结合上下文语境和词汇提示，选择出最恰当的选项。

在解答该部分时，考生应注意文章的逻辑连贯性和语境推断能力。

同时，了解词汇搭配和常用短语也能够帮助考生更好地理解和推测词义。

Section 3: 翻译翻译是英语考试中一个重要且具有挑战性的环节。

本节将对2011年英语二真题中的翻译部分进行分析。

该部分包含两个翻译任务，分别是中译英和英译中。

翻译任务的关键在于准确理解原文的意思，并能够正确地表达出来。

在解答该部分时，考生应根据所给的词汇和语法要求，将原文中的意思转化为流畅、准确、语法正确的句子。

平时的词汇积累和语法学习对提高翻译能力有一定的帮助。

2011届高考英语第二轮综合复习题及答案

2011届高考英语第二轮综合复习题及答案江苏省姜堰中学2011届高三二轮复习综合练习（一）（英语）第Ⅰ卷 (三部分，共85分) 第一部分听力 (共两节满分20分) 第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. How does the man feel about Yorkshire? A. He doesn’t enjoy the weather. B. He likes everything about it. C. He likes the rain there. 2. Which month is probably it now? A. August. B. June. C. November.3. Where does the conversation most probably take place? A. Ata hospital. B. At a library. C. At a bookstore. 4. What will the woman do first? A. Send the e-mail. B. Type the paper. C. Make a call. 5. What can we learn from the conversation? A. The plane crashed into the sea. B. Wood survived the air-crash. C. Wood has just been back from a holiday.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

2011年新目标七年级下Unit1-12复习试题(二).doc

姓名：班级：一．单项选择。

（15分）（）1.He a uniform at school .A .have to wearB .has to wearC .have to put onD .has to put on（）2.Don’t play soccer .Let’s play piano .A . the ,theB .the , /C . / , /D . / , the（）3.Whatis the weather like today? It’s .A .sunB .cloudC .windD .humid（）4. scarfs are there in the shop ?A .How muchB .How manyC .HowD .What（）5. -Don’t s leep in class. ---_____.A. Yes, I do.B. No, I don’t.C. Sorry, Mr. GreenD. You’re welcome.（）6.Some persons are having a good time .They are very .A. relaxB. relaxingC. relaxedD. relaxs（）7. your brother often to work at 8:30 .?A. Do, goB. Do, goesC. Does, goD. Does, goes（）8. your homework at school .A .Don’tB .Don’t do C. Didn’t do D. Doesn’t do（）9.Look!The children on the beach.A .lyingB .is lyingC . are liing D. are lying（）10.He Beijing Opera in 2003 .A .seeB .seesC .sawD .seeing（）11.The pay phone is your right .A .inB .onC .atD .of（）12. ? He is a waiter.A. Where does he workB. What does he want to beC. What does he doD. Who is your brother（）13.The Green family have fun basketball games very much .A .watchB .watchingC .watchesD .to watch（）14.Hello! ? Is that Jim speaking?A. I am LucyB. What’s your nameC. This is LucyD. How are you（）15.I hope you have a good trip. . .A. Thank youB.I hope soC. I think soD. You’re right.二．完型填空。

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2011-2012学年度初三政治复习题一、选择题1、新中国成立特别是改革开放以来，我国社会主义现代化事业取得了举世瞩目的巨大成就。

下列选项中能说明这些成就的是 ( )①北京成功举办2008年奥运会②神舟七号成功发射③青藏铁路全线贯通④香港、澳门的回归A．①②③④ B．②③④ C．①②④ D．①②③2、社会主义初级阶段的基本路线的制定:①由近代中国的基本国情所决定的②由我国当前的阶级斗争状况决定③从全国人民的根本利益出发④根据我国正处于社会主义初级阶段这一基本国情A ②③ B．②③④ C．③④ D．①②③④3、我国的立国之本是（）A．改革开放 B．以经济建设为中心C．坚持四项基本原则 D．集中力量进行社会主义现代化建设4、我国进行社会主义现代化建设根本的政治保证是（）A．坚持四项基本原则 B．坚持社会主义民主建设C．坚持社会主义法制建设 D．坚持改革开放5、关于改革，下列说法不．正确的有（）A．改革是社会主义的自我完善和发展B．改革的根本目的是使中国特色社会主义充满生机和活力C．改革就是改变社会主义制度D．改革是经济和社会发展的强大动力6、有一位专家讲过这样一个故事：有一位瑞士驻华大使，回国后有人问其对中国的总体印象，他说，中国有3亿多人口的城市和欧洲差不多，8亿多人口的农村和非洲差不多，欧洲和非洲相加就是中国。

这从一个侧面说明了（）A．我国现阶段的生产力水平还比比较低B．我国的社会主义具体制度还不完善C．我国的科学技术水平和国民文化素质还不高D．我国各地区经济发展不平衡7、民族区域自治制度的核心内容A．自主权B．独立权C．一国两制D．自治权8、下列属于亲社会行为的表现有（）①对遭受挫折和不幸的人表示同情和关心②对处于困境和危难的人伸出援手③面对利益，能够与人分享④在共同的事业中与人合作A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①②③④ D．①②④9、．积极参与社会公益活动，可以使我们（）①培养优秀品德②养成良好行为习惯③自身价值在奉献中得以提升④增长社会知识，锻炼实践能力⑤付出很多，没有收获A．①⑤B．①②⑤C．①②③D．①②③④10、培养亲社会行为，要学会谦让。

谦让就是（）①所有的事都谦让给他人②不怕委屈，不争荣誉③待人宽厚④为人谦逊A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①②③④ D．①②④11、人民代表大会是我国的（）A．司法机关 B．行政机关C．审判机关 D．权力机关12、我国的最高权力机关是（）A．全国人民代表大会 B．最高人民法院C．党中央 D．国务院13、人民通过（）行使国家权力。

①民主集中制度②地方各级人民代表大会③全国政协会议④全国人民代表大会A．①②B．①③C．②④D．②③14、我国的根本政治制度是（）A．全国人民代表大会B．人民代表大会制度C．人民政治协商制度 D．民主集中制度15、我国国民经济的主体是（）A．混合所有制 B．国有经济C．集体经济 D．公有制16、中国共产党的执政的基本方式（）A依法执政 B民主执政 C 以德执政 D 科学执政17、我国现阶段的基本经济制度是（）A．按劳分配为主体，多种分配方式并存 B．国有经济C．社会主义公有制 D．以公有制为主体、多种所有制经济共同发展A．以公有制为主体、多种所有制经济共同发展 B．社会主义公有制C．按劳分配为主体，多种分配方式并存 D．国有经济19、我国52家最大的国有骨干企业占国有工业企业总数不到1%，而资产量占55%，销售收入占60%以上，向国家提供的利税占85%。

当前，我国国有资产在能源、铁路运输、钢铁和邮电通信等产业中的比例分别高达95%以上。

这表明国有经济（）①是国民经济的主导力量②担负着关系国计民生的重要产品和流通的重要任务③控制国民经济的命脉④主导地位主要体现在量的优势上A．②③④B．①②③C．①②④D．①③④20、弘扬先进文化的核心和灵魂是（）A．加强社会主义思想道德建设B．坚持以马克思主义为指导C．培养“四有”新人D．发展教育、科学、文化事业21、发展先进文化的基础工程是 ( )A．提高劳动者的科学文化素质 B．发展教育和科学C．加强思想道德建设 D．普及九年义务教育22、发展先进文化的主要内容是 ( )A．提高劳动者的科学文化素质 B．加强思想道德建设C．发展教育和科学 D．普及九年义务教育23、载人航天精神实质上是的具体体现，其核心是。

（）A．中华民族精神爱国主义B．中华民族精神自强不息C．勇于奉献精神爱国主义D．艰苦奋斗精神团结统一24、全球化是当今世界经济发展的共同趋势，在全球化过程中各国和各民族的文化①逐渐统一，形成单一的文化②相互融合，相互促进③呈现出多元和谐的发展局面④差异将不复存在A．①②③B．②④C．①③D．①②④25、下列能体现我国民族精神的有（）①我国航天工作者把自主研发的“嫦娥一号”卫星送上月球②青藏铁路的建成通车③三峡工程的建设者克服重重困难，实现了“高峡出平湖”的梦想④由于北京奥运会圣火传递受到干扰，拒绝到欧洲旅游，抵制“欧货”A．①②③B．②③④C．①②④D．①②③④A．人口基数大，新增人口多，人口素质偏低 B．人口老龄化的速度加快C．人口分布不平衡 D．男女性别比失衡27、控制人口增长的本质是（）A．资源问题B．人口问题C．发展问题 D．经济问题28、下列对我国“人口问题”的理解不．正确的是（）A．人多是好事，可以组织较大规模的经济建设B．人口过多和过快增长，直接影响我国经济的发展和人民生活水平的提高C．人口过多和过快增长，影响我国人口素质的提高D．我国是世界上人口最多的国家，这是我国现阶段的重要国情之一29、问题，已成为影响中华民族生存和发展的重大问题。

（）A．环境B．资源C．食品D．人口30、制定我国人口政策的基本前提和依据是（）A．我国国情B．人口基数大C．我国面临严峻人口形势D．农村人口多31、、我国13亿多人口中，大约8亿多人口分布在农村，这说明（）A．人口老龄化速度加快B．人口素质偏低C．农村人口多D．人口分布不平衡32、进入21世纪，我国60岁以上老年人口达到1.32亿，并且每年以3%的速度急速增长，这说明（）A．人口分布不平衡B．农村人口多，人口素质低C．人口老龄化速度加快D．人口基数大，新增人口多33、人类文明进步的标志和阶梯是（）A．先进的文化B．进入电脑时代C．科学技术D．人的精神面貌34、要提高科技创新能力，首要的是（）A．实施人才强国战略B．实施科教兴国战略C．提高教育创新能力D．坚持以经济建设为中心35、实现现代化，科学技术是关键，基础在（）A．经济B．法律C．教育D．道德36、21世纪的国际竞争归根结底是的竞争。

（）A．人才B．经济实力C．科技实力D．综合国力37、在科技革命迅猛发展的新世纪，提升国家竞争力的决定性因素是（）A．发展科技与教育 B．改革开放C．发展经济 D．全民文化教育38、我国目前有效改善科技环境增强持续发展能力，为科技长远发展提供强有力的支撑。

这是我国A．保护资源和环境基本国策的具体体现B．实施人才强国战略的具体体现C．大力实施科教兴国战略的具体体现D．坚持党的基本路线的具体体现39、面对人口、资源和环境问题，既满足当代人的需求，又不损害后代人需求；使人类与自然和睦共处的战略是（）A．科教兴国B．计划生育C．可持续发展D．坚持以经济建设为中心40、要建设节约型社会、环境友好型社会就应该（）①坚持保护资源环境的基本国策②坚持资源开发与节约并重，把开发放在首位③大力弘扬勤俭节约的传统美德④运用经济、法律和必要的行政手段和措施保证资源节约A．①②③B．②③④C．①③④D．①②④41、我国是一个发展中国家，既要加速发展经济，提高人民的生活水平，又要保护环境，所以我们要走（）A．先发展经济，后治理污染的路子B．先保护环境，后发展经济之路C．先保护环境，不发展经济的“零增长”之路D．经济建设、人口增长与资源利用、环境保护协调发展的道路42、国家主席胡锦涛指出，我们要始终把控制人口、节约资源、保护环境放在重要战略位置，把工作抓得紧而又紧，做得实而又实。

这里强调实施的是（）A．人才强国战略B．可持续发展战略C．科教兴国战略D．西部大开发战略2005年6月30日，温家宝总理在全国做好建设节约型社会近期重点工作电视电话会议上强调，加快建设节约型社会，事关现代化建设进程和国家安全，事关人民群众福祉和根本利益，事关中华民族生存和长远发展。

请回答下列两题：43、之所以要建设节约型社会，是因为（）①我国是资源贫乏的国家②我国人均资源占有量不高③我国的资源总量太小④我国存在资源浪费严重的问题A．①②B．③④C．①③D．②④44、在修建青藏铁路工程中，建设者们专门为藏羚羊等野生动物留了桥洞，以保护这里脆弱的生态。

这些举措体现了我国实施的（）A．依法治国方略B．科教兴国战略C．可持续发展战略D．以德治国方略45、2005年10月8日召开的十六届五中全会通过的《中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十一个五年规划的建议》指出，是建设资源节约型、环境友好性社会和实现可持续发展的根本途径（）A．实施科教兴国战略 B．坚持科学发展观C．建设节约型社会 D．发展循环经济46、一本本书就是一棵棵树木，一片片森林。

目前，我国课本的使用寿命只有半年。

在我国，倡导课本循环利用，其意义在于（）①可以节约资源，增强学生环保意识②可以降低教育成本，减轻经济负担③继承和发扬借鉴的传统美德④使人们认识到我国是一个资源大国A．①②④B．①③④C．①②③D．②③④47、下列对非公有制经济认识不正确的是（）A．非公有制经济是社会主义市场经济的重要组成部分B．非公有制经济的作用日益重要C．非公有制经济是国民经济的主体D．非公有制经济的存在和发展适应了社会主义初级阶段的国情48、和谐是中国传统政治文化的核心价值观念之一。

春秋战国时期，诸子百家经常运用“和”的观念阐发他们的哲学思想和文化理念。

今天，我们常说的“和以处众”、“政通人和”、“和谐社会”、“内和外顺”等都是这一思想的延伸。

这说明（）A．中国优秀的传统文化随着时代变化得到继承和发展B．中国当代的思想文化缺乏创新性C．当代的思想都是古代思想的翻版D．发展中国的先进文化只能从中国的历史传统中获取养分49、解决台湾问题，实现祖国完全统一，是新世纪中国共产党三大任务之一，也是全国人民的共同愿望，其基本方针是：A “一国两制，和平统一” B两岸直接“三通”C 尽快实现高层互访 D实现两岸产业全面分工与合作50、2009年3月，十一届全国人大常委会高票通过了《食品安全法》，这说明（）A．全国人大拥有最高立法权B．人代会制度是我国的根本政治制度C．在我国，一切权利属于人民D．行使立法权是全国人大的唯一职权。