2020-2021学年清华大学附属中学高三英语三模试卷及参考答案

2020-2021学年清华大学附属中学高三英语三模试卷及参考答案
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
Amid the coronavirus outbreak, the U. S. Department of Homeland Security recommends having at least a two - week supply of water and food.
Potatoes
Shelf life：2 to 5 weeks if stored in a cool, dry, dark place
Yukon Gold, red, and fingerling potatoes will last from two to three weeks. Larger white potatoes can last for three to five weeks. Sweet potatoes have about the same shelf life. Don't store them next to onions, however. The two might go together well in cooking, but raw, each gives off gases and moisture that might cause the other to spoil faster.
Tea
※Shelf life：6 to 12 months past "sell - by" date
Dried tea leaves, whether loose (in a sealed container) or in teabags (in an unopened box) can easily last a year or more if they' re not subjected to damp or humidity. However, the tea does tend to lose flavor over time.
Peanuts
● Shelf life：1 to 2 months
Peanuts in their shell, especially when kept cool and dry, are perfectly happy in the cupboard for as long as two months.
Canned fruits and vegetables
● Shelf life：1 to 2 years past "sell - by” date
Canningis an extremely efficient means of preserving food. Generally speaking, if canned foods aren't subjected to extreme heat, their contents should stay good for two years or more. Be aware, however, of dented cans or those with swollen tops, which may indicate the presence of bacteria inside.
1. Which can go bad faster if stored with onions?
A. Potatoes.
B. Tea.
C. Peanuts.
D. Canned fruits and vegetables.
2. What is special about tea?
A. The flavor of tea can always remain the same.
B. Tea leaves are better to be preserved in an open jar.
C. Tea leaves should be kept away from the state of being wet.
D. The maximum length of time that tea can be stored is 6 months.
3. What may shorten the "sell - by” date of canned foods ?
A. Shapes of cans.
B. Categories of foods.
C. Decline of the temperature.
D. Exposure to high temperature.
B
If you believe in thermometers (温度计), you should believe in global warming. And if you believe in eating French fries with your hamburger, you should worry more about carbonemission.
It won't happen overnight, but as the planet’s climate changes, the growth cycles of main crops will all be heavily affected. Here are three of the crops that might not beat the heat.
The potato actually needs a great deal of beauty rest to develop properly. “They need a cool nighttime temperature in order to start growing the tuber, the part that we eat,” Nelson says.
Temperature and altitude are two primary concerns in coffee growth, and farmers are stuck between a rock and a hard place. “We know that coffee grows in a certain temperature range,” Nelson says. “They've been moving up the mountains, but at some point you run out of mountains to move up.” Higher-grade strains of Arabica coffee in Central American regions are at particular risk due to the need for lower growing temperature, especially since diseases and pests are also becoming more of a factor as temperatures rise.
Even if you're looking at the direct effects of temperature alone, rice is in trouble. “As nighttime temperatures go up, the rice is going to have a problem flowering and won't make as many seeds,” Nelson says. In addition to this direct heat consequence, rising sea levels will flood many rice paddies and destroy water salinity levels, while droughts will lower production, raise prices, and further shame westerners who are clumsy with chopsticks to be able to clear their plates once a new grain is adopted.
4. What is the closest meaning to the underlined word “emission” in Paragraph 1?
A. Mixture.
B. Pollution.
C. Giving off.
D. Going down.
5. What does the potatoes' development need according to Nelson?
A. Cool temperature at night.
B. Sudden rise of the temperature.
C. Enough water and salt.
D. Much sunshine and fresh air.
6. The rice is difficult to flower,probably because ________.
A. sea levels go up suddenly
B. many seeds can't be produced
C. the temperature rises at night
D. both temperature and altitude rise
7. What is the best title for the text?
A. How Does Global Warming Affect Westerners
B. How Does the Cool Temperature Affect Rice
C. What Is the Real Reason For Crops’ Growth
D. Three Crops That Won't Survive Climate Changes
C
My school appeared on the news last week because we had made an important change in our local area. Our class had planted a large garden in what was once only a vacant lot. It was a lot of work but it was all worth it. I got blisters(水泡) from digging, and we all got insect bites, too.
I learned a lot about gardening and collaboration(合作), and then I learned about the media. Our teacher telephoned the TV station and informed them of what we had accomplished. She spoke with the producer. The producer checked with the directors, but they said there were plenty of stories similar to ours. They wanted to know what was special about our particular garden, since many schools plant them.
The teacher explained that, after going on the Internet to learn about the prairie(大草原), we had made a prairie garden. We had gone to a prairie and gotten seeds from the plants, and then we planted them. We did not water the garden, but we did weed it. We decided to let nature water it with rain, since that was how prairies grew in the past. We sent a picture of the garden to the news station. In the picture, the grass was so high that it stood taller than the fourth grade students.
As a result, the producer sent a reporter to our school. He interviewed the headmaster and asked him many questions about the garden. After that, they interviewed us, and we explained to them what we had learned through this project.
That night, we watched the news, and there we were. The news reporter told our story. It was only two minutes long, but it was us. We were famous. All that work, all those blisters, it was worth it. We knewthatwhen we saw the garden every day, but now we knew that the whole city thought so, too.
8. What seemed to be the TV directors’ initial reaction to the garden?
A. They were excited.
B. They were surprised.
C. They were worried.
D. They were uninterested.
9. What is special about the garden?
A. Weeds were allowed to spread naturally.
B. The grass grew faster than common grass.
C. The seeds came from the plants of a prairie.
D. Underground water was used for the plants.
10. What does the underlined word “that” refer to in the last paragraph?
A. We got blisters on our hands.
B. Our hard work was worthwhile.
C. The garden would be famous.
D. The project would be finished.
11. How did the author feel about the project?
A. Annoyed.
B. Curious.
C. Proud.
D. Regretful.
D
Dengue is a very painful illness spread by mosquitoes. In severe cases, dengue can even be deadly. Dengue is a serious disease affecting people in around 120 countries. It can cause high fevers, headaches, and severe pain. It’s caused by a virus spread by bites from mosquitoes. Therefore, dengue is more common in warm areas. Every year, roughly 390 million people get dengue, and as many as 25,000 die from it.
Now scientists seem to have found a way to protect humans from dengue by first protecting mosquitoes. Dengue fever is caused by a virus. Though it may seem strange to think of it this way, the mosquitoes that spread the dengue virus are also infected with it. But the virus doesn’t seem to hurt the mosquitoes.
Wolbachia is a kind of bacteria commonly found in many insects. In some insects, Wolbachia can keep some viruses fromduplicatingthemselves, which is how viruses grow inside a body. Wolbachia isn’t naturally found in mosquitoes. But by infecting these mosquitoes with Wolbachia, scientists can keep the mosquitoes from catching the dengue virus. Even better, the young mosquitoes coming from the eggs of the infected mosquitoes also carry Wolbachia.
Researchers working with the World Mosquito Program (WMP) ran a 27-month study in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. They split a 10-square-mile area up into 24 smaller areas. In half of the areas, the scientists did nothing. In the other half, they set out containers of eggs from mosquitoes that had Wolbachia. They did this every two weeks for just 4 to 6 months.
Ten months later, 80% of the mosquitoes in the treated areas carried Wolbachia. The researchers report the number of dengue cases in the treated areas was reduced by 77% and that the number of people needing hospital
care for dengue dropped by 86%.
Because the results of the experiment were so good, the WHO has placed Wolbachia-infected mosquito eggs in all parts of Yogyakarta and surrounding areas. The WHO says that within a year, their efforts will protect 2.5 million people against dengue and that their efforts will be turned into a program that can be repeated worldwide.
12. What kind of disease is dengue?
A. It is likely to cause death.
B. It causes no pain but fevers.
C. It happens less often in hot areas.
D. It hurts both people and mosquitoes.
13. The underlined word “duplicating” in paragraph 3 most probably means “________”.
A. worsening the harm of
B. expanding the size of
C. increasing forces of
D. making copies of
14. What can be inferred about the method from the figures listed in paragraph 5?
A. Its wide use.
B. Its effectiveness.
C. Its complexity.
D.Its easy operation.
15. What’s the WHO’s attitude towards the method?
A. Ambiguous.
B. Positive.
C. Tolerant.
D. Skeptical.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项Brain fitness has basic rules: variety and curiosity.___16___If you can do the crossword puzzle in your sleep, for example, it's time for you to move on to a new challenge in order to get the best workout for your brain. Curiosity about the world around you, how it works and how you can understand it will keep your brain working fast. Use the ideas below to make your brain smarter.
17. Play Games
Brain fitness programs and games are wonderful ways to challenge your brain.___18___These games depend on logic(逻辑),word skills, math and more. These games are also fun. You'll get benefit more by doing these games
a little bit every day.
19. Tell Stories
___20___Practice telling your stories, both new and old, so that they are interesting and fun.
21. Exercise YourBody to Exercise Your Brain
___22___By moving your body, your brain has to learn new muscle(肌肉) skills, judge distance and practice balance. Choose a variety of exercises to challenge your brain.
23. Make Simple Changes
We love our routines(常规). But the more something is “second nature”, the less our brains have to work to do it. Change ways to the grocery store, use your opposite hand to open doors and eat dessert first.___24___
A. Physical exercise is great brain exercise too.
B. To really help your brain stay young, challenge it.
C. We have hobbies and pastimes that we could do for hours on end.
D. When anything you do becomes second nature, you need to make a change.
E. All these will force your brain to wake up from habits and pay attention again.
F. Crosswords and electronic games can both improve your brain's speed and memory.
G. Stories are a way that we strengthen memories, tell about events and share moments.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项Last Saturday,I went out to have breakfast with a friend. It was____21____. But what wasn’t solovely was the lady who took our____22____. She spoke in a way that was____23____, unhappy, certainly not friendly and sort of rude. Working in hospitality(服务行业) myself, I____24____. When it was my____25____to approach her and order, I thought to myself, “What can I do here to cheer her up, to appreciate her, to make her____26____?”
I had nothing.
Surely there must be____27____I could sincerely compliment(称赞) her on. Then I____28____instantly. It was her____29____. She had the most incredibly well-spoken and clear voice. It was SO good. And that was what I would______30______her for.
So after she took my order and gave me the same unfriendly attitude, I told her. I said: “I hope you don’t mind me saying so, but you have the most______31______voice. It’s so clear, well-spoken and sounds so______32______.” I told the lady her voice would be______33______for voice-overs(配音) and she could be a hostess for radio programs.
Her face______34______, and she smiled — the first time I had seen her do so, and I noticed her whole attitude______35______. The customer behind me received a totally different kind of______36______, abetter one. And it was all because of what I did. Something so______37______!
There was a time when this sort of thing would have______38______me, or I’d have been too shy and awkward to say such a thing. Not now. Now I must.
Why? Because I have the______39______. The power to completely change someone’s day by something as
simple as a few kind______40______. And you have this power too. We all do.
21. A.exciting mon C.lovely D.surprising
22. A.seat B.order C.food D.menu
23. A.impatient B.cautious C.shy D.proud
24. A.understood B.ignored C.considered D.noticed
25. A.chance B.ability C.choice D.turn
26. A.listen B.smile C.talk D.respond
27. A.nothing B.everything C.anything D.something
28. A.remembered B.learned C.knew D.proved
29. A.voice B.hair C.face D.attitude
30. A.thank B.trust C.blame D.praise
31. A.reliable B.amusing C.amazing D.funny
32. A.enthusiastic B.interesting C.professional D.relaxing
33. A.clear B.perfect C.known D.normal
34. A.stayed dark B.lit up C.turned down D.went pale
35. A.change B.adjust C.worsen D.recover
36. A.service B.payment C.menu D.order
37. A.interesting B.different C.simple D.difficult
38. A.excited B.embarrassed C.confused D.touched
39. A.confidence B.passion C.ability D.power
40. A.words B.orders C.suggestions D.activities
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Many people have dogs in their homes. Dogs are very affectionate animals. They are also very sensitive to the feelings of the people with____41.____they live, and it seems quite____42.____(nature) to have them in our houses. Maybe some people are____43.____(puzzle) by the great similarity between dogs and wolves. Some scientists hold the____44.____(believe) that many different types of dogs come from one species of animal—the grey wolf. These wild animals came into villages 12000 years ago, looking for food and____45.____(get) rid of hunger. People discovered that wolves could help in the daily struggle for survival____46.____preventing their homes from being disturbed(打扰) by other animals and hunting wildlife to kill and eat.____47.____, people kept
them in their homes to make them accept the human care and reduce the wolf nature. Today in some very old parts of Northern Canada, the skin of some very old dogs____48.____(be) still used to make warm clothes. Dogs are useful, and many people are____49.____(satisfy) with dogs and love them—that is_____50._____they are often called “man’s best friend”.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（※），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Nowadays, it’s a common phenomena that parents drive their children to school, what I think is not proper.
First, our parents’ driving us to school without doubt can increase their burden physical and financially. It’s waste of time and energy as well. What’s worst, it’s very likely to cause traffic jams if all parents drive their children to school. On the other hand, it can have some of us depend on parents all the time, which was not good for us to learn to be independence.
To conclude, I strongly advocate that our students go to school on foot or by bike, benefiting from our health and growth. Only in this way can we improve our abilities to overcoming problems on our own.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.假定你是李华,你的英国笔友Jack来信告诉你，他学习效率很低。

请你给Jack回信，提供一些你提高学习效率的方法。

主要内容包括：
1.安静的学习地点；
2.上课集中注意力（记笔记，回答老师问题……）；
3.适当的运动和休息。

注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Jack,
I have received your letter
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____
Yours
Li Hua
参考答案
1. A
2. C
3. D
4. C
5. A
6. C
7. D
8. D 9. C 10. B 11. C
12. A 13. D 14. B 15. B
16. D 17. F 18. G 19. A 20. E
21. C 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. D 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. C 32.
C 33. B 34. B 35. A 36. A 37. C 38. B 39.
D 40. A
41. whom
42. natural
43. puzzled
44. belief 45. getting
46. by 47. Therefore/Thus
48. is 49. satisfied
50. why
51.(1). phenomena→phenomenon
(2). what→which
(3). physical→physically
(4). waste前加a
(5). worst→worse
(6). was→is
(7). independence→independent
(8). our→we
(9). 去掉benefiting后的from
(10). overcoming→overcome
52.略。