2019外研版初二上册英语知识点

2021 外研版初二上册英语知识点
Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?
本单元的话题：谈论假期活动内容，复习一般过去时。

本单元的语法： 1. 复习一般过去时； 2. 学习不定代词和不定副词的用法。

2.不定代词和不定副词的用法：
（1〕左边的 some、any、every 、no 与右边的 body、one、thing 构成不定代词， some、any、every 、no 与右边的疑问副词 where 构成不定副词；
〔2〕一般情况下以some开头的不定代词和不定副词用于肯定句，以any 开头的不定代词和不定副词用于否认句、疑问句；以 no 开头的不定代词和不定副词表示否认含义〔 no one 为两个单词〕；
〔3〕不定代词或不定副词和形容词连用时，形容词放在后面。

He has something important to do.他有重要的事情要做。

〔肯定句
用something ，形容词 important 放后〕
Did you buy anything special? 〔一般疑问句用 anything ，形容词special 放后〕
Did you go anywhere interesting last month? 上个月你去令人感兴趣的地方了吗？
( 一般疑问句用不定副词anywhere，形容词interesting 放后 )
〔4〕不定代词和不定副词做主语时，后面的动词用单数形式。

Everone is here today.今天每个人都在这里。

本单元的短语和知识点：
1. go on vacation 去度假go to the mountains 上山 / 山
2.stay at home呆在家go to the beach 博物 go to summer camp去参夏令
而学考go out出去去海 visit museums
3. study for tests
参
考
4. quite a few相当多,很多〔后跟可数名复数〕take photos
most of the time大局部 5.buy sth for sb = buy sb sth
某人某物 6. taste good.起来很好
照相taste 〔起来〕、 look 〔看起来〕、 sound〔听起来〕感官，后跟形容
7.have a good\great\fun time oneself 〕 8. go shopping
得高，玩得愉快〔 =enjoy 去物 9. nothing⋯but+原形：除
了⋯⋯之外什么都没有
He had nothing to do at home but read yesterday. 昨天他在家除了无事可做。

10. seem to do sth ：好似⋯I seem to know him. 我好似理解他。

seem+〔to be 〕+形容：看起来⋯ The work seems 〔to be 〕easy.工作看起来很容易。

11.keep a diary日
12.in+ 大地方：到达某地〔get to + 地方：到达某地〕
arrive at+ 小地方：到达某地(get 的去式got)
假设是
arrive
in\at\to 和 get 后跟
必去掉。

home、there 、here 三个地点副，后面的介
Tom got home yesterday evening=Tom arrived home yesterday evening. 昨晚姆到家。

13.decide to do sth：决定做某事
try to do sth.尽力去做某事
14. try doing sth. 做某事
15. feel like⋯的感；感受到
around 四走走
16. in the past 在去walk enjoy doing sth：喜做某事
different( 形容，不同的 )
difference( 名，差异，差)----
18.start doing sth ：开始做某事〔= start to do sth 〕
19.19.over an hour 一个多小〔over 超，多余= more than 〕
20. too many 太多，后接可数名复数。

too much 太多，后跟不可数名，修作状。

much too much too, too many 太，后跟形容或副，分辨三者的口：too much,
用法区看后： much 后接不可数 ,too后修形或副。

要住，后面名必复数。

21. because of 因 , 后接名、代或名〔即+ing 〕，不能接句子。

because 因，后跟句子。

He was late for school because of getting up late.
而上学到。

〔 get 〕
他因起晚= He was late for school because he got up late.
22. enough( 充足的 ) 与名用，一般放在名前 He has enough
money .
23.enough( 充足的 ) 与形容或副用， enough 放在后面。

He is old enough to go to school.
24.doing sth. 忘已做某事〔已做完〕
Forget to do sth. 忘去做某事〔未做〕 (forget 的去式 forgot)
25.so+ 形容 +that+ 句子：如此⋯以至于⋯
too+ 形容 +to do sth：太⋯以至于不能⋯
形容 +enough to do sth ：充足⋯能做某事〔注意三个句型有能互〕
He is so young that he can ′t go to school.= He is too young to
go to school.
=He isn ′t old enough to go to school.
Unit 2 How often do you exercise?
本元的：生活，复一般在。

本元的法： 1. 复一般在； 2. 学表示率副的用法。

主要率副的等排序：
often( 常 ) > sometimes( always( 是 ) > usually (通常) >
有 ) > hardly ever(很少) > never(
从不)
些副在句子中的位置，一般放在助、行之前。

即：“行〞前“助( 系) 〞后。

for school. Peter上学是到。

be 或情之后，Peter is always late
I usually do my homework in the evening. 我通常在晚上做作。

提
always, sometimes, twice a day 等率副，用How often I watch TV every day. 我每天都看→ How often do you watch
TV?(你多看一次？ )
本元的短和知点：
1.on weekends 在周末housework 助做家go to the movies去看影help with
how often多久一次hardly ever几乎从不
2.once a week the Internet
每周一次
用互网
twice a week 每周两次every day 每天use
be free 有空Are you free on weekends? 你周末有空？
4.stay up late熬夜
sports 行体育活
at least 至少go to bed early 早点睡play 5.after school 放学后 6.want sth ：需要某物He wants a new pen.他想要一支新笔。

want to do sth ：想做某事He wants to watch TV after school. 放学后他想去看。

want sb to do sth：某人做某事
early.我早起。

My mother wants me get up
7.be good for ⋯⋯有好be bad for ⋯⋯有害
8.play computer games 打子游 go camping 去野 9.ask sb about
sth ：某人某事 My parents often ask me about my study.
我的父母常我的学情况。

10. in one’s spare time在某人余He studies English in
his spare time.11.(P13，2b)〞数字+percent of+名〞做主，
后面的取决于名的情况。

假设名复数，后面的用复数形式；假设名
数或不可数名，后面的用数形式。

In our class ,twenty of students are boys. Thirty of water
is dirty.
12.not ⋯at all ：一点儿也不〔not 构成否认句〕I don ’t like the movie at all.
13.go online 上网 =surf the Internet 14.the answer to+ 名：⋯
的答案
16.the (best) way to do sth：做某事的()方式
The best way to learn English is speaking English. 学英的方法是英 .
17.such as 比方〔后跟名或名短〕 for example 例如〔后跟句子〕
He likes fruits,such as apples,bananas and so on. 他喜水果，例如苹果、香蕉等。

He has some good ways to study English,for example ,he
often listens to tapes.
19.more than (=over)超，多余go to the dentist去看牙医
Unit 3 I'm more outgoing than my sister.
本元的：事物比，学形容比。

本元的法：学形容比。

〔法：本第
113 至115〕
本元的短和知点：
1.play+the + basketball 器
打球
play the drums 打鼓比play + 球play
both ⋯and⋯两者都 ( 后面的用复数形式 ) Both Tom and Jim are students.
3.be good at+名代\V ing：擅，在某方面做得好
7.be like：像⋯The books are like friends.像朋友。

8.make friends (with sb) ：〔和某人〕交朋友enjoy doing sth ：喜做某事
9.be different from 与⋯不同My brother is different from me.
我弟弟与我不一。

10.help sb to (do) sth ：助某人做某事
常与 help sb with sth( 在某方面助某人 ) 互He often helps me （to 〕 learn English. 他常助我学英。

= He often helps me with my English. 他常在英方面助我。

help (to) do sth ：助做某事 He often helps 〔 to 〕cook at home. 他常在家助做。

13.be good with sb：与某人相很好〔n.消息，
信息〕不可数名
Unit 4 What's the best movie theater?
本元的：事物比，学形容和副的。

本元的法：学形容和副的。

本元的短和知点：
1.welcome to+ 地点：迎来到某地 Welcome to our school. 迎来我校。

2.What do you think of sth?=How dou you like sth?你...怎
么？
3.watch sb do sth：看某人做了某事〔= see sb do sth〕
4.比 +and+ 比：越来越⋯〔假设比 more+形容原，： more and more 形容原〕 The buildings are taller and taller. Our school is getting more and more beautiful.
5.around the world全世界=all over the world, such as例如
Unit 5 Do you want to watch a game show?
本元的：自己天使目或影的喜好，学会表达自己的感受。

本元的法：复一般在。

本元的短和知点：
1. What do you think of sth?=How dou you like sth?你⋯怎
么？
What do you think of the movie? 你部影怎么？ It is
boring. 很无聊。

2.mind doing sth ：介意做某事
3. news ( 不可数名，消息，信息 )
a piece of good news 一条好消息 4.learn (sth) from s
b ：向某人学〔某物〕 5.plan to do sth ：划做某事〔 plan 的去式planned, 在分 planning 〕 6.hope to do sth ：希望做某事
8.favorite ( 形容，最喜的 )= like ⋯best
My favorite shows are talk shows. 我最喜的目是目。

=I
like talk shows best.
9.expect to do sth ：期待做某事 10.think of ，想起 He often thinks of his teachers. 11.in the 1930s ：在二十世三十年代（1930 年至 1939 年〕
10.12.one of +可数名复数：⋯之一〔短放在句首做主，
后面的用数形式〕 One of the students has an English
dictionary. 些学生中一个人有英字典。

14.luck(名，幸运,运气)—lucky(形容,幸运的)--unlucky (形容, 不幸
的 )
15.be ready to do sth意做某事16.try one＇s best〔to do sth 〕：尽力〔做某事〕
Unit6 Im going to study computer science.
本元的：自己将来的划或打算。

本元的法：学一般将来be going to do sth。

本元的短和知点：
1.性： science ( 名，科学 ) —scientist 〔名，科学家〕
violin〔名，小提琴〕--violinst〔名，小提琴家〕piano 〔名，
琴〕 -- pianist〔名，琴家〕2.grow up成，大 3.be good
at+ 名代+ing ：擅⋯ He is good at math,but he
isn ’t good at speaking English.他擅数学，但是不擅英。

4.keep on doing sth ：做某事
5.be sure about ：确信，⋯有把握
His mother isn ’t sure about his study. 他的他的学没有
把握。

6. move to + 地点：搬〔家〕到某地
7. take singing\acting lessons 上
歌唱上表演 =have singing\acting lessons 8. send
sb sth = send sth to sb寄送某人某物
His grandfather often sends him money 。

= His grandfather often sends money to him.
9. learn to do sth 学会做某事
10. play the piano琴make the soccer team建足球good grades 取得好的成 eat healthier food吃更健康的食品lots of exercise行大量get get
11. foreign language
外国言12. study hard 努力学most of the time大局部
14.get back from+ 地点：从⋯回来 He will get back from
Beijing in 3 days.
at the beginning of 在⋯开始的候, write down 写下 / 下，
17. different kinds of 不同种的have to do with 关于，与⋯相
关系 ,take up 开始从事
20. too+ 形容 +to do sth ：太⋯以至于不能⋯
so+形容 +that+ 句子：如此⋯以至于⋯
形容 +enough to do sth ：充足⋯能做某事〔注意三个句型有能互相〕
He is so young that he can′t go to school.他如此年以至于不
能去上学。

= He is too young to go to school.他太年了以至于不能去上学。

= He isn ′t old enough to go to school.
22.make sb+ 形容：某人怎么The good news made us happy. 〔注意： news不可数名〕
23.how to do better at school
“疑+不定式〞即“疑+to do sth 〞
He didn ’t know when to start.
他不知道什么候开始。

24.go to university去上大学
Unit 7 Will people have robots?
本元的：未来的言，学一般将来will do sth。

本单元的语法：学习一般将来时will do sth。

一般将来时由“助动词will / shall +动词原型〞构成，表示将来某
个时间要发生的动作或存有的状态，常与表示将来的时间状语如tomorrow 、next week ，in 2 days(2天之后)等连用。

〔Shall用于第
一人称， will能够用于各种人称。

〕(will not= won’t)
一般疑问句：把肯定句中的 will 提到句首即可。

以上两句的一般疑问句为：
Will you visit the old man next week? Yes,we will.\No, we
won’t .
否认句：把肯定句中的will变为won’t 即可。

以上两句的否认句为：We won’t visit the old man next week. She
’t finish the
won work in 2 weeks.
本单元的短语和知识点：
1.There be 结构： There be(is/are/was/were)+ 某物 / 某人 +某地 / 某时“There be 结构〞的一般现在时：There is/are+ 某物 / 某人 +某地 / 某时
There are 600 students in our school. 在我们学校有600 个学生。

一般过去时： There was/were+ 某物 / 某人 +某地 / 某时 There was
a school ten years ago.
一般将来时： There will be+ 某物 / 某人 +某地 / 某时 .= There is
going to be+ 某物 / 某人 +某地 / 某时 . There will be a sport
meeting next week.=There is going to be a sport meeting next
weeek.下周将有场运动会。

2.on computers 在电脑上 , on paper 在纸上
3.a few + 可数名复数：有一些、有几个 a little +不可数名：
有一些
few + 可数名复数：几乎没有〔表示否认〕little+不可数名：
几乎没有〔表示否认〕
many+可数名复数：很多，很多few的比是fewer ,little的
比是 less
much+不可数名：很多，很多many\much 的比都是 more
There will be less polution in the future.
在未来将会有更少的染。

〔 polution不可数名〕
We should plant more trees. 我种更多的。

〔 tree 可数名〕
There will be fewer cars in the future. 在未来将会有更少的汽。

〔car 可数名〕
4.in 〔great 〕danger
在〔极度〕危中on the earth 在地球上save the earth拯救地球
6.in+ 一段：在⋯之后〔多用于一般将来〕
He will come back in 2 days. 两天之后他将回来。

→How soon will he come back? 多久他将回来？
句型 There is\are sb doing sth. 有某人正在做某事。

There is a
cat eating fish.
10.hundreds of+ 名：成百上千的⋯，很多⋯〔表示模糊数字〕数字 + hundred + 名：几百⋯〔表示具体数字〕
He has hundreds of book. 他有很多。

He bought two hundred
books. 他了二百本。

12.at some point：在某些方面
free time 空in one ’s free time在某人空
Unit 8 How do you make a banana milk shake?
本元的：描述做事情的序和程。

〔 First 首先 ,Next 下面,Then 然
后 ,Finally 最后〕
本元的法：复一般在。

本元的短和知点：
1(P57,1a) turn on 翻开turn up 大
turn off 关上turn down 小
2.How many+可数名复数：多少⋯
How much+不可数名：多少⋯
He has eight books. 他有八本。

→ How many books does he have? 他有多少本？
3.量的用法：不可数名常用“数字 +量 +不可数名〞来表示。

如：
a piece of bread一片面包比：two pieces of bread两片面包〔bread 不可数名〕
a glass of orange 一玻璃杯橘子汁one spoon of butter 一勺黄油
5.one more thing = another one thing 基数+ more + 名= another + 基数 + 名：又多少某物 He ate an apple,he wanted to eat
two more apples.
是某人做某事的了。

It ’s time ’s time (for sb) to do sth
for us to have lunch.
It ’s time for sth是做某事的了。

It’s time for the
class. 是上的候了。

Unit 9 Can you come to my party?
本元的：学会出、接受或拒邀。

本元的法：复情。

本元的短和知点：
1.on Saturday afternoon在星期六下午，在具体哪一天的是上午、下午或晚上用 on,
2. have to必〔后跟原形〕He has to get up early.
早起。

→〔一般疑句〕Does he get up early? Yes,he No,he doesn ’t. 他必
〔否认句〕
He doesn’t have to get up early. 他没有必要早起。

4. sth=want sth 想要某物Jim would like a new pen .
Would like to do sth=want to do sth 想做某事He’d like to watch TV.
Would you like to do sth ? 你愿意做... ？〔用来提出建或征求
方意〕
------would you like to go shopping with me ? 你想和我一起去西？
------ Yes,I ’d lov e to ，but I ’m doing my homework. 我想去, 但是我在正在做家庭作。

(=Sorry, I ’m doing my homework. 非常抱歉，我正在做家庭作。

)
5.prepare for sth⋯做准go to the doctor去看病have the
flu 患流感 help my parents父母帮助have an exam考
6. until的用法：假设延性用肯定句式
He studied until 21：00pm.他一直学到晚上九点。

假设非延性，用not ⋯.until⋯.〔直到。

才。

〕
He didn ’t go to bed until his father came back. 他一直到他爸爸回来才上床睡。

10.study for a math test 数学考做准go to the party 参加聚会
’s today? 今天几号？Its Monday,the 14th. 今天星期一，十四号。

充： what day is it today? 今天星期几？it ’s Monday 今天星期一。

What’s the date today?
今天几月几日？It ’s October 20th . 今天 10 月 20 日。

12.go to the doctor 去看病have a piano lesson 上琴
13.look after 照看，照料= take care of
She is old to look after his brother 她充足大了能照看她的弟弟。

take good care of =look after⋯well好好照，好好照料
We should take good care of the children.= We should
look after the children well.
感句的型：
⑴ What a ∕an+adj+可数名数〔+主+〕！
What +adj+ 可数名词复数∕不可数名词〔+主语+谓语〕！
What a fine day (it is) ! 多么好的天啊！〔day 为可数名词单数〕What an interesting book it is ! 多么有趣的一本书啊！〔book 为可数名词单数〕
What beautiful flowers they are ! 多么漂亮的花啊！
〔flowers 为可数名词复数〕
What bad weather it is! 多么糟糕的天气啊！〔weather 为不可数名词〕
⑵How +adj + 主语 +〔谓语中的〕系动词！ How +adv + 主语 +〔谓语
中的〕实义动词！
How happy I am! 我多麽快乐啊！〔happy为adj,am为系动词〕
How hard they are working ! 他们工作多么努力啊！〔 hard 为
adv,work 为实义动词〕
点拨：陈述句改为感慨句，能够采用“一判、二定、三移〞。

一判：是判断出陈述句谓语动词后的中心词的词性〔adj ∕adv∕n〕；
二定：是根据判断出来的结果来确定引导词〔中心词为名词用 What；中
心词为形容词或副词用 How；〕
三移：就是把主语和谓语移到后面。

注意：在感慨句中，不得出现so,very ，very much 等表示水准的单词。

例如：① Our school is beautiful .
一判： beautiful 为形容词；二定： beautiful 为形容词，用 How 来引导；三移：把 Our school is 移到 How beautiful 后面，即为感慨句 How beautiful our school is!
②He is a clever boy.
一判： boy 名；二定： boy 名，用 What来引；三移：把 He is 移到 What a clever boy 后面，即感句 What a clever boy he is!
③He studies English well.
一判： well 副；二定： well 副，用 How 来引；三移：把 He studies 移到How well 后面，即感句 How well he studies!
：将以下句子感句。

①
②We live a happy life today.
④T his is difficult problem. wonderfully.The room is very bright.
③I t is a nice present.
⑤She played the piano
16. 〕the (best) way to do sth ：做某事的〔〕方法
for+ 名 \Ving ：什么而感18.take a trip 参加郊游， at the end of this month 在本月底
19.go back to+ 地点：回到某地 He will go back to Beijing in 2
days. 两天后他将回北京。

20.have a surprise party for sb 某人一个惊喜的晚会
21.without+ 名代 \ Ving ：没有⋯ He can ’t finish the work without our help. 〔help 名〕
He went to school without having breakfast. 他没有吃早就去上学。

〔 have 〕
24.look forward to +名代：期待，盼望
25.hear from sb.收到某人的来信= receive a letter from sb.
27.the opening of ⋯：开幕 / 开 28. 在具体哪一天的上午、下午、晚上用on, 比：
in the morning在早晨on Sunday morning 29.invite sb to +地点：邀某人去某地〔invite sb to do sth邀某人做某事在星期天的早晨
invite -- invitation
〕
31.reply to sth / sb ：答复某事/ 答复某人go shopping 物， do homework做家庭作
Unit 10 If you go to the party, you ’ll have a great time!
本元的：事情可能的果。

本元的法：在条件状从句中，用一般在表示将来——即主将从。

If you go to the party, we will have a great time
从句〔一般在〕( 主句一般将来 )
解：在条件状从句，状从句中，假设主句用一般将来，从句用一般
在表示将来 ------- 称主将从
If it is fine tomorrow,I’ll visit shanghai
区分：从句假设主句一般在，从句能根据需要用任何
I think I〞ll finish the work in 2 days.我我在两天内将完
成工作。

主句〔一般在〕从句
填空： I think she (come)here tomorrow. If he (come )here,I
(call)you.
本元的短和知点：
1.have a great /good time玩的开心stay at home呆在家里the bus 乘公交， go to the party参加晚会tomorrow night take 明天
晚上 talk about sth
have a class meeting 某事开
班会
have a class party 开班晚会
6.plan to do sth 正在划物。

some food 做食物
划做某 They are planning to go shopping.
7. 〔P74,2b〕half the class全班一半人
他
,make
8.ask sb. to do sth 某人做某事My parents often ask me to study hard.
ask sb. not to do sth 某人不要做某事My techer often asks us not to be late.
10.too+ 形容 +to do sth ：太⋯以至于不能⋯
so+形容 +that+ 句子：如此⋯以至于⋯
形容 +enough to do sth ：充足⋯能做某事〔注意三个句型常常能互〕He is so young that he can′t go to school.他如此年以至于不
能去上学。

= He is too young to go to school.他太年了以至于不能去上学。

= He isn ′t old enough to go to school.
11.tell sb. to do sth高速某人做某事tell sb. not to do sth
告某人不要做某事
12.give sb some advice某人建/告〔adivce不可数名〕
13.travel around the world 周游世界, go to college 上大学，make〔a lot of 〕money, get an education 接受教育，
14. 〕work hard 努力工作， a soccer player 一个足球运
15.talk to sb. 与某人， keep⋯to oneself 把⋯留自己 / 独
16.have problems with sth ：在某方面有困have problems 〔 in 〕doing sth ：做方面有困〔2 个句型常常能互〕
She has problems with English. 她在学英方面有困。

= She has problems 〔in 〕 learning English. 她学英有困。

17.unless=if ⋯not 如果⋯不 Unless it is sunny tomorrow,I
won’t go shopping.=If it isn ’t sunny tomorrow,I won ’t go shopping.
18.be afraid to do sth ：不敢做某事 be afraid of sth ：害怕某物
19.21.be angry with sb 生某人的气 He is angry with his son. 他
在生他儿子的气。

be angry about\at sth 因某事而生气 He is angry about\at his
work. 他因工作生气。

22.make mistakes 犯 23.remember to do sth 着去做某事〔事
情未做〕
remember doing sth着已做某事〔事情做完，但是着〕
Please remember to close the door when you leave.当你离开的
候着关上。

〔未关〕.
He remembered closing the door. 他着已关上了。

〔已关上〕
24.advise sb to do sth某人做某事advise sb doing建提
做某事。

2019外研版初二上册英语知识点
25.It ’s best (not)todo sth.〔不要〕做某事solve a problem
解决难题
26.run away from逃避Don’t run away from your problems. solve a problem解决难题
30.agree with sb ：同意某人〔的看法、意见、观点等〕 31.worry about 担忧 =be worried about
21 / 21。