2020年牡丹江市第一高级中学高三英语下学期期末试题及参考答案

2020年牡丹江市第一高级中学高三英语下学期期末试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
Some young people win attention because of their good looks or their singing ability. A much smaller number gain fame because they have done something important and worthwhile with their abilities. Rishab Jain is among the latter. In 2018, 13-year-oldRishab developed a way to use AI technology to help pancreatic(胰腺的) cancer patients and won the3MYoung Scientist Challenge, a nationwide middle-school science competition, and its $25,000 prize.
In the last stage of the contest, Rishab competed againstnine other finalists at the 3M Innovation Center(创新中心) in St.Paul,Minnesota. Leading up to the big meet, each finalist had partnered with a scientist to further develop their inventions.
Rishab explains what led him to create his invention. First,a family friend died of cancer. Then Rishab learned about how deadly pancreatic cancer is, and that its low survival rate is due to how difficult it is to treat. "I'm also into programming, so I was learning about AI technology. I decided to try to solve a real-world problem using it."
His winnings have been put in further research and in his nonprofit Samyak Science Society, which helps poor children enter the STEM (science, technology, engineering and math) education. Rishab is also raising awareness about pancreatic cancer. These efforts make him quite different from teenagers of his age. Considering becoming a biomedical engineer or a doctor一or both, he has also put some money aside to further his own learning. Almost certainly the doors of higher education will open wide to him before he even knocks.
That's an outstanding outlook for one so young. Rashib is committed to helping very sick people in need. He is also providing teenagers of his age with a much-needed model of what kinds of things youth can achieve.
1. What can we learn about the 3M Young Scientist Challenge in 2018?
A. It was intended to solve medical problems.
B. It was a nationwide AI competition for teenagers.
C. It offered the finalists an opportunity to work with scientists.
D. It allowed the finalists to learn AI technology in the 3M center.
2. How did Rishab win the 3M Young Scientist Challenge?
A.He showed excellent programming ability.
B. He figured out the survival rate of pancreatic cancer.
C. He introduced poor children to STEM education.
D. He applied AI technology to treating pancreatic cancer.
3. Which of the following best describes Rishab?
A. Talented and caring.
B. Independent and humorous.
C. Responsible and patient.
D. Polite and inspiring.
B
Cuckoos don’t bother building their own nests—they just lay eggs that perfectly imitate those of other birds and take over their nests. But other birds are wishing up, evolving some seriously impressive tricks to spot the cuckoo eggs.
Cuckoos are often know asparasites, meaning that they hide their eggs in the nest of other species. To avoid detection, the cuckoos have evolved so that eggs seem reproduction of those of their preferred targets. If the host bird doesn’t notice the strange egg in its nest, the little cuckoo will actually take the entire nest for itself after it comes out, taking the other eggs on its back and dropping them out of the nest.
To avoid this unpleasant fate for their young, the other birds have evolved a few smart ways to spot the fakes, which we’re only now beginning to fully understand. One of the most amazing finds is that birds have an extra colour-sensitive cell in their eyes, which makes them far more sensitive to ultraviolet wavelengths and allows them to see a far greater range of colours than humans can. This allows cautious birds to detect a fake egg which might be exactly the same to our eyes.
Fascinatingly, we’re actually able to observe different bird species at very different points in their evolutionary war with the cuckoos. For instance, some cuckoos lay their eggs in the nests of the redstarts. The blue eggs these cuckoos lay are practically alike to those of the redstarts, and yet they are still sometimes rejected. Compare that with cuckoos who target dunnocks. While those birds lay perfectly blue eggs, their cuckoo invaders just lay white eggs with brown irregular shaped spots. And yet dunnocks barely ever seem to notice the obvious trick.
Biologists suspect these more easily fooled species like the dunnocks are on the same evolutionary path as the redstarts, but they have a long way to go until they evolve the same levels of suspicion. What’s remarkable is that the dunnocks fakes are so bad and the redstart ones so good, and yet cuckoos are still more successful with the former than the latter.
It speaks to just how thoroughly a species’ behavior can be changed by the pressures of natural selection, or
it might just be a bit of strategic cooperation on the part of the dunnocks. Biologists have suggested that these birds are willing to tolerate a parasite every so often because they don’t want to risk accidentally getting rid of one of their own eggs.
4. This passage can be most likely found in a ________.
A. science survey
B. nature magazine
C. zoo advertisement
D. travel journal
5. What does the underlined word “parasite” in paragraph 2 most probably refer to?
A. Animals that work together to raise young.
B. Small harmful animals such as worms or mice.
C. Animals that can adapt to changing environments.
D. Animals which live on or inside other host animals.
6. Which of the following is TRUE about the dunnock according to the passage?
A. It is colour-blind and therefore cannot identify foreign eggs in the nest.
B. It can easily remove cuckoo eggs from the nest because fakes are so bad.
C. It is a host bird that is more likely to raise a cuckoo chick than the redstart.
D. It is unable to evolve and hence accepts cuckoo eggs that appear in the nest.
7. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
A. Dunnocks may eventually learn to recognise foreign eggs.
B. Redstarts seem to be less suspicious compared to dunnocks.
C. Cuckoo birds are good at taking responsibility for their own young.
D. It is very easy for cuckoos to imitate the colouring of the dunnock’s egg.
C
In ancient times, Chinese used plant leaves or bird feathers as a fan during the summer time. This was the earliest form of the fan. The first real fan was made back in the era of Yao and Shun period thousands of years ago. Since then,Chinese-made fans have become a vital part of Chinese art and culture. At the beginning, the fan functioned as a tool to generate a current of air in the hot weather. Now electric fans such as ceiling fans and other technological breakthroughs have taken the place.
Long ago, fans caught the attention of ancient Chinese artists by chance. Thereafter, a unique fan art gradually took shape in the history of Chinese culture. Fan art usually includes Chinese calligraphy, paintings, or poems on the sectors（扇区）. Special skills are needed to write or paint on them.
Due to its history and partly because of its unique shape, Chinese would soon develop the tradition of using fans as ornaments（装饰品）. Fans are made in different sizes and different color1 s to meet the needs of each request. Other Chinese ornaments, such as the Chinese knot, the green jade, and the Spring Festival picture, are often combined in each design.
The value of fans depends mainly on the materials used and the level of craftsmanship that is involved during the process. Feather, paper, jade, bamboo and silk have all been used as ideal materials to make fans. Ancient Chinese even made iron fans to serve as deadly weapons（武器）in Chinese martial arts. Fans made by famous craftsmen are often characterized by pretty designs and detailed workmanship, and thus become favorites of collectors. Fans with masterpiece fine art like calligraphy or paintings are even more valuable.
8.What is the first paragraph mainly about?
A. The origin of fans.
B. The materials of fans.
C. The popularity of fans.
D. The production of fans.
9. Why do Chinese use fans as ornaments?
A. They are made of valuable materials.
B. They reflect the beauty of Chinese culture.
C. They convey literature works on the sectors.
D. They are often combined with other ornaments.
10. Which of the following makes a fan favored by most collectors?
A. Its advanced function.
B. Its complex character.
C. Its artistic handicraft.
D. Its various applications.
11. What can we infer about the fan from the text?
A. Chinese send fans to their friends as gifts.
B. Chinese ornaments can meet different requests.
C. Traditional fans have lost their functional value.
D. The fan plays different roles with the change of time.
D
A team of engineers atHarvardUniversity in trying to create the first robotic fly. Designed to do what a fly does naturally, the tiny is the size of a fat housefly. Its mini wings allow it to stay in the air and perform controlled flight tasks.
"The added difficulty with a project like this is that actually none of its components is off the shelf and so we
have to develop them all on our own’ said Robert Wood, a Harvard engineering professor.
They engineered a series of systems to start and drive the robotic fly. “The seemingly simple system which just moves the wings hasa number of interdependencies (相互依赖）on the individual components, each of which individually has to perform well, but then has to be matched well to everything it d connected to,” said Wood.
While this first robotic flyer is linked to a small, off-board power source, the goal is eventually to equip it with a built-in power source, so that it might someday perform data-gathering work at rescue sites，in farmers’ fields or on the battlefield. "Basically it should be able to take off, land and fly around，” he said.
Wood says the design offers a new way to study flight mechanics and control at insect-scale. Yet, the power, sensing and computation technologies on board could have much broader applications.“You can start thinking about using them to answer open scientific questions, you know, to study biology in ways that would be difficult with the animal，but using these robots instead” he said. "So there are a lot of technologies and open interesting scientific questions that are really what drives us on a day-to-day basis.”
12. What is the typical characteristic of the robotic fly?
A. It's automatic.
B.It's very small.
C. It's controllable.
D. It's quite powerful.
13. We can infer from the passage that the robotic flyer can____ .
A. act as a spy plane
B. help do farm work
C.fly at a very high speed
D. answer many scientific questions
14. What is Wood's idea about the robotic fly according to the last paragraph?
A. It is highly questionable.
B. It has wide practical applications.
C. It gives scientists interest in flying machines.
D. It points to a new direction in studying biology.
15. What can be the best title for the passage?
A. Harvand's Study in the Field of Insects.
B. A Breakthrough in Engineering Science
C. An Interesting Invention一Robotic Fly
D. Robotic Fly一a Copy of Real Life Insect
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项
Do you have a hobby? Something you look forward to spending your time with? Something you love to do?____16____Or making model airplanes. Sketching. Or making useful things out of waste material. It could be a musical instrument that you love playing. Or singing and dancing.
There are many things that a hobby can give you, apart from an enjoyable time. Sashay was a shy boy but through his interest in model airplanes he learned the value of sticking to a task until it was finished. His model airplane club brought him to get into touch with similar souls.____17____
Having a hobby helps you relax and get away from the routines of school.____18____You really need this well deserved one, too! It gives you focus, self dependence, confidence and builds your personality. This is an opportunity to lose yourself in an enjoyable activity, away from the pressure of school, so at the end of it, you feel relaxed and yet, mentally charged.
Your hobby defines you.___19___And it also shows you what you are good at, and how far you can go, when you apply yourself.
____20____.For a hobby is: Happiness: something which you look forward to doing.Opportunity: to nurture and develop your special and unique skills and celebrate them. Believe in yourself: makes you understand your strong advantages and improves your confidence. Best in you: brings out your best—for in each one of us there is a best that is only ours. YOU gives you a unique character, and makes you YOU!
A. So go ahead and develop a hobby.
B. It gives you a break.
C. It proves your ability.
D. Hobbies show your character.
E. It shows your special skills.
F. It could be collecting something.
G. He learned to make friends for the first time.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项“Nobody else knows what they are doing either.” I read this quote about six years ago when I was in college．
I lived through college life without any____21____. When professors said it was time to hand in my homework, I handed it in. When I was told that I hadn’t enough____22____to get my degree, I studied hard to____23____examinations to complete several courses．
One day, I was having dinner with some classmates. One said suddenly, “Iplan to buy a____24____within
three years after graduation.”
I almost____25____, “Really? Do you know how____26____it is to buy one house?”
He said leisurely,“Mortgage (抵押贷款).”
Another added, “Great! I____27____to pass the examination of CharteredFinancial Analyst and get the certificate within five years after graduation.”
I just seemed to hear something____28____.
I____29____like this way. I worked at a bar. Unhappily! Every day, I got up hurriedly and got on the bus to work. After work, I slept, again and again. I didn’t know why I led such a_____30_____life that I had_____31_____wanted, and where my life would_____32_____.
Like 90% of my peers, I still had no_____33_____what I wanted to do with my life or who I wanted to become. At the exact same time Instagram (一款社交软件) was becoming really big. I started_____34_____bloggers and world travelers who seemed to have it all together. How had they_____35_____it out? What had they been given that I hadn’t?
We were totally_____36_____; the only thing_____37_____us was that they had plans or_____38_____, and they had taken action. All of a sudden, I came down to earth,_____39_____that if I took things into my own hands, I would figure it out. I began to think my_____40_____and just do something. Then three years later, I became a freelance writer.
21. A. experiences B. concerns C. failures D. tests
22. A. grades B. credits C. achievements D. missions
23. A. prepare B. sit C. pass D. read
24. A. car B. school C. pet D. house
25. A. approved B. denied C. quieted D. choked
26. A. hard B. fantastic C. realistic D. important
27. A. manage B. expect C. learn D. rush
28. A. funny B. normal C. real D. inspiring
29. A. moved B. succeeded C. graduated D. dreamed
30. A. meaningful B. fruitful C. economical D. miserable
31. A. never B. formally C. clearly D. always
32. A. end B. begin C. change D. lead
33. A. direction B. trip C. idea D. effort
34. A. questioning B. following C. understanding D. contacting
35. A. figured B. shown C. thought D. printed
36. A. different B. calm C. unique D. equal
37. A. separating B. freeing C. connecting D. warning
38. A. sponsors B. aims C. courses D. faults
39. A. searching B. remembering C. realizing D. doubting
40. A. misfortunes B. friends C. advantages D. stories
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
In 20,the Mid-Autumn Festival will fall on Septemberst,Tuesday.The Mid-Autumn Festival____41.____(celebrate)in many East Asian communities. InChina, it’s a reunion time for families, while inVietnam, it’s different____42.____China’s. It’s more like a children’s day.
The Mid-Autumn Festival is also called the Moon Festival or Mooncake Festival. It traditionally falls on____43.____15th day of the eighth month in the Chinese lunar calendar,____44.____is in September or early October in the Gregorian calendar.
The Mid-Autumn Festival is the second most important festival inChinaafter Chinese New Year. Chinese people usually celebrate it by____45.____(gather)for diners and lighting paper lanterns. After dinner, people will enjoy the____46.____(new)harvested melons, pears and peaches, as well as the round moon cakes. It is really a good day with____47.____(beauty)scenery and enjoyable events.
In many East Asian communities, many celebrations take place for the Mid-autumn Festival. Many interesting____48.____(activity) with unique local features are held. InSingapore,Malaysia, and thePhilippines, in which many ethnic Chinese citizens mainly live, the celebrations are more Chinese, such as lighting lanterns and dragon dances.
In other countries, such asJapan, the ROK, andVietnam,____49.____(influence) deeply by Chinese culture, new celebrations have been used_____50._____(show)their unique cultures
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

I am a high school student who have just entered the Senior Two.
Recently, I have found that some of the students in our classes study harder than before. They study lately into night, eating snacks and drink Coca-Cola, which is bad for their health. In the morning, due to staying late, some students have to go to school hurriedly without breakfast, that surely does harm to their health.
In my opinion, since we are under the heavy pressure of study, we should also try to eat properly and get as many exercise as possible. Only in this way can they keep fit and study well.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文，续写的词数应为150左右。

It was a cold December day. After saying goodbye to his neighbour, David, Tom set out for a run with his dog, Taz. As a professional athlete, Tom often went for training runs by himself and had done this particular route many times before, but that day something unusual happened to him.
About an hour later, Tom hit some black ice. He found himself slipping down the rock face, which became steeper（陡峭的）and steeper until suddenly he was in free fall. He fell 60 feet into the canyon（峡谷）, landing on grass and dry branches. If he'd missed them, there was, no way he would have survived. He could feel his legs, so he knew he wasn't paralyzed（瘫痪的）but he was in great pain. Taz had managed to find his way back to Tom, so Tom knew there must be a way out of the canyon, but he couldn't stand or even crawl（爬）. He later learned that he had broken his right leg.
Tom shouted for help, and tried to pull himself forward. Every inch was an effort. It took him five hours to go a quarter of a mile. Eventually it got so dark that he couldn't see where he was going. He decided to stay next to a river which he could drink some water from. All he had on him were his jogging clothes, a water bottle, two boxes of medicine, a bar of chocolate, and a shower cap which adventure racers often wear to prevent heat loss.
At night, the temperature dropped below freezing. Tom couldn't go to sleep or he would die, so he stayed awake lifting his head a few inches over and over. Throughout the night, Taz curled up next to him and kept him company. The next morning, he couldn't move any more. He tried to stay positive. He was sure somebody would find he was missing or hear him screaming for help. But there was nobody around.
Paragraph 1:
As time went by, Tom felt himself growing weaker and he knew he must take action.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2:
About three hours later, Taz returned and Tom heard an engine in the distance.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1. C
2. D
3. A
4. B
5. D
6. C
7. A
8. A 9. B 10. C 11. D
12. B 13. A 14. B 15. D
16. F 17. G 18. B 19. E 20. A
21. B 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. D 26. A 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. A 32.
D 33. C 34. B 35. A 36. D 37. A 38. B 39. C 40. C
32 is celebrated
41. from 42. the
43. which 44. gathering
45. newly 46. beatiful
47. activities
48. influenced
49. to show
51.(1). have → has
(2). 去掉the
(3). classes → class
(4). lately → late
(5). drink→ drinking
(6). late前加up
(7). that → which
(8). since → though或although
(9). many → much
(10). they → we
52.略。