2020-2021学年齐齐哈尔实验中学高三英语下学期期末试卷及答案

2020-2021学年齐齐哈尔实验中学高三英语下学期期末试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
Four Online Events
The handshake：an anthropologist’s guide
What is its biological purpose？What are the best and worst handshakes？In this talk，scientist Ella Al-Shamahi examines the power of touch and argues the handshake is at least 7 million years old．This event will start at 18:00 pm on 25 March and will last one hour．Standard ticket price：£15(A 20％discount for those who buy the ticket before March 20.)
A rescue plan for nature
What do we need to do to restore the planet 's biodiversity and preventthe next pandemic (疫情)？Join scientist Cristian Samper as he talks about how our ignoring nature caused the pandemic-and how we can seize a unique opportunity to build back better．This free event will start at 18:00 pm on 15 April．Origins of life
Why is the planet the way it is？How did we get here？Does everything happen for a reason or are some things left to chance？Research shows we live in a world driven by chance．In this talk，biologist Sean B Carroll will tell the stories of the mother of all accidents，and the surprising power of chance in our lives and the world．This event will start at 19:30 pm on 22 April and will last two hours．Standard ticket price：£18(A 10％discount for those who buy the ticket before April 17.)
The truth about exercise
Should we all be hitting the gym three times a week？Should we worry about sitting to omuch？If you are strong and fit，can you get away with being inactive？In this talk，specialist Jason Gill introduces what science can really tell us about how much we need to move to live a healthy life．This event will start at 19:00 pm on May 13 and will last one hour，Standard ticket price：£12(A 15％discount for those who buy the ticket before May 8.)
1.How much should you at least spend on the event about the handshake？
A.£10.2．
B.£12．
C.£13．
D.£16.2．
2.From whom can you learn about the origins of life？
A.Ella Al-Shamahi．
B.Cristian Samper．
C.Sean B Carroll．
D.Jason Gill．
3.What does the four online talks have in common？
A.They are science-based．
B.They are about cultures．
C.They are related to nature．
D.They are intended for the young．
B
Every day, millions of shoppers hit the stores in full force, searching wildly for the perfect gift.Aside from purchasing holiday gifts, most people regularly buy presents for other occasions throughout the year, including weddings, birthdays, anniversaries, and graduations. This frequent experience of gift-giving cancause uncertain feelings in gift-givers. Many enjoy the opportunity to buy presents because gift-giving offers a powerful means to build stronger bonds, while many worry that their purchases will disappoint rather than delight the intended recipients (接受者).
Anthropologists describe gift-giving as a positive social process, serving various political, religious, and psychological functions. Economists, however, offer a less favorable view. According to Waldfogel, gift-giving represents an objective wasteof resources. People buy gifts that recipients would not choose to buy on their own, or at least not spend as much money to purchase (a phenomenon referred to as‘‘the deadweight loss of Christmas”).
What is surprising is that gift-givers have much experience acting as both gift-givers and gift-recipients, but nevertheless tend to overspend each time they set out to purchase a meaningful gift. In the present research, we propose a unique psychological explanation for this overspending problem — gift-givers link how much they spend with how much recipients will appreciate the gift. Though it seems natural to gift-givers, such an assumption may be unfounded. Indeed, we propose that gift-recipients will be less likely to base their feelings of appreciation on the value of a gift than givers assume.
Why do gift-givers assume that gift price is closely linked to gift-recipients’ feelings of appreciation? Perhaps givers believe that more expensive gifts communicate a stronger sense ofthoughtfulness and consideration. According to Camerer and others, gift-giving represents a symbolic ritual (习俗), by which gift-givers attempt to signal their positive attitudes towards the recipient and their willingness to invest resources in a futurerelationship. In this sense, gift-givers may be motivated to spend more money on a gift in order to send a “stronger signal”. As for gift-recipients, they may not interpret smaller and larger gifts as representing smaller and larger signals of thoughtfulness and consideration.
The idea of gift-givers and gift-recipients being unable to account for the other party’s viewpoint seems
confusing because people slip in and out of these roles every day. Yet, despite the experience as both givers and receivers, people often struggle to apply information gained from one role in another. In theoretical terms, people fail to use information about their own preferences and experiences to produce more efficient outcomes in their exchange relations. In practical terms, people spend hundreds of dollars each year on gifts, but somehow never learn to estimate their gift expense according to personal insight.
4. The author uses “the deadweight loss of Christmas” in Paragraph 2 to express ________.
A. gift-givers don’t spend much money during holidays
B. gift-givers don’t ask recipients what gifts they prefer
C. gift-givers buy improper and expensive gifts
D. gift-givers have difficulty in choosing gifts
5. According to the passage, people buy gifts to ________.
A. receive gifts in return
B. enjoy the feeling of shopping
C. help recipients to save money
D. better relationships with recipients
6. What can we learn from the passage?
A. People’s high living standards require expensive gifts.
B. Gift-givers buy gifts based on their experiences as recipients.
C. Anthropologists think gift-giving meets different human needs.
D. Recipients judge the depth of friendship according to the gift price.
7. Why did the author write this article?
A. To criticize people’s gift-buying habits.
B. To analyze people’s gift-giving behaviors.
C. To offer advice on how to improve relationships.
D. To remind people not to overlook others’ preferences.
C
In May this year, as part of our 150th anniversary, we asked readers aged between18 and 25 to enter an essay competition. The task was to tell us, in no more than 1,000 words, what scientific advance they would most like to see in their lifetimes, and why it mattered to them.
The response was phenomenal: we received 661 entries. Some entrants hoped that science would make their
lifetimes much longer than they can currently expect. Many looked forward to work that will end climate change. Others wanted to see advances in our understanding of human history, crop growth, space exploration, and medical technologies. The ideas were inspiring.
The winner is a compelling essay by Yasmin Ali, a PhD student at the University of Nottingham, UK. Ali submitted a piece on Beethoven, her brother’s hearing loss and the science which she hoped would one day cure it. It stood out to the judges as a reminder of why many scientists do research: to make the world better tomorrow than it is today.
All essays were judged by a group of Nature editors. The top ten submissions were then ranked by three members of a separate judging group: Magdalena Skipper, editor-in-chief of Nature; Faith Osier, a researcher; and Jess Wade, a physicist. All submissions were kept anonymous throughout the process.
We also selected two runners-up(非冠军的获奖者).Physicist Robert Schittkoat Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts, proposes that nuclear fusion(核聚变) could offer a solution to the climate crisis, in a piece that effortlessly mixes grand ambition with gentle humour. And chemist Matthew Zajac at the University of Chicagoin Illinois wrote a powerful personal account of why he wants to see advances in the field of same-sex reproduction.
The results show that today’s young scientists have a wealth of ideas, talent and conviction that research can transform their world. We look forward to seeing what they do next.
8. What’s the essay competition about?
A. The scientific expectation.
B. The fantastic scientific ideas.
C. The dreams of future life.
D. The celebration of anniversary.
9. Why Yasmin Ali was chosen the winner?
A. She showed great talent in music.
B. She found the cure for the loss of hearing.
C. She appealed for people to care about hearing loss problem.
D. She reminded people to remember the meaning of science development.
10. What can we learn about the result of the essay competition?
A. Robert Schittko won the second place.
B. There were two winners in the essay competition.
C. Matthew Zajac presented his view of same-sex reproduction.
D. The two runners-up were selected for the same field they chose.
11. What isthe author’s attitude to the competitors’ ideas about science expectations?
A. Doubtful.
B. Favorable.
C. Impossible.
D. Ignorant.
D
Flying someone one-way fromLondontoNew Yorkproduces nearly a ton ofcarbon dioxide or CO2. That's alot of this climate-warming greenhouse gas. But there are ways to cut the climate impact of flying, one of which is to ask planes to surf high-altitude winds every chance they get.
It's not something they've been allowed to do. But that may change—and soon.
Most jets crossing the Atlantic Ocean follow one of several fixed paths that are widely spaced because radar (雷达) had not been able to track aircraft everywhere above the Atlantic. But a new network of satellites could soon change that.
Wells was part of a team inEnglandthat calculated the fastest possible routes for passenger planes. According to them , traveltime a plane takes when flying across theAtlanticvaries with the winds that a plane meets. For instance, eastbound (向东的) flights can get a powerful push. Westbound routes miss that benefit. Faster flights burn less fuel. And less burning gives off fewergreenhouse gases.
The airline industry knows it has a high " carbon footprint." But it takes decades and many billions of dollars to design, test and fly new planes. Changing a flight path, in contrast, can cut costs and energy right away.
The new study doesn't show how well such wind surfing would work for all planes, in all skies and the world over. Bui it does suggest that making flight routes more flexible could cut both fuel use and CO2in some places.
However, if flight times vary depending on the wind, scheduling connecting flights and managing runways and gates would become more complicated. The researchers would have to work out the best flight paths that take such scheduling issues into consideration. They may also want to see if flying at different altitudes gives a wider choice of flexible routes at the times most people want to fly.
National Air Traffic Services (NATS) which provides air-traffic control for theUnited Kingdomsaid it would temporarily disband its flight-paths system and work to allow airlines to choose flexible routes that would best limit their fuel use.
12. What happens to east bound flights when crossing theAtlantic?
A. They consume more fuel.
B. They use less time and energy.
C. They produce more greenhouse gases.
D. They are against a stronger wind.
13. What should be done to make adopting flexible flight routes possible?
A. Calculating the flight time.
B. Finding the best flight paths.
C. Adjusting the size of jets.
D. Adding more runways and gates.
14. Which word can best replace the underlined word "disband” in the last paragraph?
A. Stop.
B. Copy.
C. Handle.
D. Restore.
15. What can we infer from the text?
A. Planes are producing the most carbon dioxide.
B. New fuel is benefiting airline industries greatly.
C. Carbon footprint is a serious problem in theUK.
D. Surfing the winds can make air travel greener.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项Do you have a hobby? Something you look forward to spending your time with? Something you love to do?____16____Or making model airplanes. Sketching. Or making useful things out of waste material. It could be a musical instrument that you love playing. Or singing and dancing.
There are many things that a hobby can give you, apart from an enjoyable time. Sashay was a shy boy but through his interest in model airplanes he learned the value of sticking to a task until it was finished. His model airplane club brought him to get into touch with similar souls.____17____
Having a hobby helps you relax and get away from the routines of school.____18____You really need this well deserved one, too! It gives you focus, self dependence, confidence and builds your personality. This is an opportunity to lose yourself in an enjoyable activity, away from the pressure of school, so at the end of it, you feel relaxed and yet, mentally charged.
Your hobby defines you.___19___And it also shows you what you are good at, and how far you can go, when you apply yourself.
____20____.For a hobby is: Happiness: something which you look forward to doing.Opportunity: to nurture and develop your special and unique skills and celebrate them. Believe in yourself: makes you understand your strong advantages and improves your confidence. Best in you: brings out your best—for in each one of us there is
a best that is only ours. YOU gives you a unique character, and makes you YOU!
A. So go ahead and develop a hobby.
B. It gives you a break.
C. It proves your ability.
D. Hobbies show your character.
E. It shows your special skills.
F. It could be collecting something.
G. He learned to make friends for the first time.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项Recently, the idea that listening to classical music can increase intelligence, especially in___21___, has caught the attention of the media, researchers, and parents around the globe.In the early 1990s, researchers from France and the US published articles that said___22___Mozart for 10 minutes temporarily___23___performance on IQ tests and challenging tasks.
___24___, the media quickly began reporting on the “Mozart effect”.
In 1997, Don Campbell published a book about this___25___phenomenon.Campbell said that classical___26___could improve health and memory, prevent mental and physical disorders, and___27___stress and depression.He soon___28___withThe Mozart Effect for Children, as well as CDs and products for parents of young children.Today, a wide selection of similar products is___29___, includingBaby MozartandBaby Bach, two bestselling DVDs in the popularBaby Einsteinseries.There are even music players specially___30___for expectant (预产期的) mothers to wear on their stomachs.___31___, babies can listen to classical music before they're even___32___.
___33___, there is some doubt surrounding the “Mozart effect”.Parents___34___whether it is a proven reality or just a fad (潮流) designed to make money.Frances H.Rauscher, a psychologist and author of one of the original studies, is___35___.Much of the original___36___pointed to temporary improvements on specific tasks.She___37___these findings have been incorrectly described as a general increase in___38___.“I don't think it can hurt,” Rauscher said.Yet she added that___39___may still want to think twice___40___spending a fortune trying to make a genius (天才) out of their baby.
21. A. scientists B. musicians C. adults D. babies
22. A. joining in B. dreaming of C. talking about D. listening to
23. A. improved B. measured C. provided D. enjoyed
24. A. On the whole B. As a result C. On the contrary D. In other words
25. A. common B. natural C. interesting D. alarming
26. A. literature B. music C. world D. education
27. A. cause B. place C. reduce D. limit
28. A. began B. dealt C. agreed D. followed
29. A. useless B. priceless C. available D. changeable
30. A. tested B. designed C. searched D. collected
31. A. By the way B. In this way C. On the way D. All the way
32. A. born B. lost C. trained D. invited
33. A. Besides B. Therefore C. Instead D. However
34. A. check B. question C. determine D. evaluate
35. A. real B. right C. normal D. doubtful
36. A. anxiety B. material C. research D. argument
37. A. cheers B. expects C. remembers D. believes
38. A. costs B. health C. disorders D. intelligence
39. A. teachers B. experts C. parents D. players
40. A. after B. unless C. before D. as
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
A break dancing video of a middle-aged man has gone viral on social media in recent days.
The man in the video is Duan Lifu,____41.____(direct) of the Qianwei County Education Bureau in Leshan.
On the day the video was being made, Duan paid a visit to Qianwei First High School____42.____(deliver) a speech to discuss educational issues with teachers and parents. After____43.____hour-and-a-half long speech, Duan performed this break dance, through____44.____he expected to help relieve students' pressure.
"After giving the speech, I gave students my phone number and invited them to ask questions about things____45.____are interested in. Then felt a(n)____46.____(enthusiastic) atmosphere than before, so I asked my colleagues to connect cell phones with Bluetooth, and improvised(即兴表演)the short break dance," Duan said.
Duan said that his break dancing was self-taught____47.____he was a student 30 years ago. He hadn't danced for nearly a decade. "I learned to break dance when I was at a similar age to these students."
With a series of professional dance moves, including space sliding and mechanical dancing, Duan's dance____48.____(draw) cheers from the students.
The video was____49.____(wide) posted on social media and many netizens also cheered for Duan,_____50._____(praise) him as a very lovely leader.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

It was Mid-autumn Day on last Thursday and it happened to be Chinese National Day. My parents had prepared the gifts for my grandparents three days ago. In the morningmy parents and I got up early and set out to see his grandparents in the countryside. Our arrival made them extremely delight. At noon, we had a big dinner cooking by my mother and grandma. In the evening, with the moon up the sky, we sit in the yard, admiring the moon and enjoy the moon cakes. I really enjoy the company of my parents and grandparents, which fills my family with love and happy. I am also proud that our motherland is growing increasingly strong and powerfully. Festivals let us enjoy the life, be proud of our customs and forget the work for while.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.假定你是李华，你们社团（Helping Hand Club）想请著名的外国友人Jones先生在会议上演讲。

请你代表社团向他发出邀请，内容包括：
1.介绍社团基本情况；
2.解释邀请原因；
3.告知演讲时间安排。

注意：
1.写作词数为80左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文流畅。

Dear Mr. Jones,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ Looking forward to your reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
参考答案
1. B
2. C
3. A
4. C
5. D
6. C
7. B
8. A 9. D 10. C 11. B
12. B 13. B 14. A 15. D
16. F 17. G 18. B 19. E 20. A
21. D 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. B 32.
A 33. D 34.
B 35. D 36.
C 37.
D 38. D 39. C 40. C
41. director
42. to deliver
43. an 44. which
45. they 46. more enthusiastic
47. when 48. drew
49. widely 50. praising
51.(1).去掉on
(2).ago→before
(3).his→my
(4).delight→delighted
(5).cooking→cooked
(6).sit→sat
(7).enjoy→enjoying
(8).happy→happiness
(9).powerfully→powerful
(10).while前加a
52.略。