高考英语一轮复习 专题一 语法基础 考点十 名词性从句(2021年最新整理)

2018年高考英语一轮复习考点通关练专题一语法基础考点十名词性从句
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考点十名词性从句
限时25分钟
一、在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词）。

1．________ she was invited to the ball made her very happy.
答案That 考查主语从句。

从句中不缺少成分，并且句意完整，因此用that.
2．Children should be reminded of ________ they should do in public places。

答案what 考查宾语从句。

句意:应该提醒孩子们在公共场所应该做些什么。

所填词引导宾语从句且在从句中作do的宾语，故用what。

3．He kept yawning in class this morning。

That was ________ he stayed up late watching the basketball game last night.
答案because 考查表语从句。

句意：今天早上他一直在课堂上打哈欠.那是因为他昨晚熬夜看篮球赛了.分析句子成分可知，空格处引导表语从句.根据句意可知,这里要用because。

4．Dick enjoys painting but he knows the fact ________ he doesn't have what it takes to be a professional.
答案that 考查同位语从句。

句意：迪克喜欢画画，但他知道自己没有成为一名专业画家所需要的(素质）.that引导同位语从句,说明fact的具体内容。

5．Every time we stay together, ________ I hear from him is always inspiring stories.
答案what 考查主语从句。

空格处作hear的宾语，且指事物,因此应用what。

6．I couldn’t imagine ________ difficult it was for those badly injured victims to make it to the hospital。

答案how 考查宾语从句。

how是副词，修饰形容词difficult。

how引导的感叹句作动词imagine的宾语。

7．Success partially depends on ________ you have the patience to do simple things perfectly.
答案whether 考查宾语从句。

根据句子结构可知，设空处引导宾语从句；根据句意可判断，设空处意为“是否”,其前有介词on，故填 whether。

8．I lost my cell phone yesterday. Can you tell me ________ I can buy one？
答案where 考查宾语从句。

where在从句中作地点状语.
9．We agreed to accept ________ they thought was the best tourist guide。

答案whoever 考查宾语从句。

they thought可视为插入语，因此从句中缺少主语，故
只能用whoever，不能用whomever.
10．It never occurred to me ________ you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind.
答案that 考查主语从句。

it为形式主语，真正的主语为后面的从句,从句中不缺少成分，且句意完整，因此用that.
11．The discussion is not meaningful at all ________ we should devote all of our time to study。

答案whether 考查同位语从句。

句意：我们是否应该把所有时间用于学习的讨论根本没有意义。

whether引导后面的句子是对discussion作进一步说明.
12．________the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.
答案Where/When 考查主语从句.句意:英语晚会将在哪里/何时举行还没有宣布。

由句意可知，应填Where或When。

where在从句中作地点状语或用when作时间状语。

13．As many as seven courses are provided, and they are free to choose ________ suits them best。

答案whichever 考查宾语从句。

分析句子成分可知，choose后面的宾语从句缺少主语，由于前一句中已出现了seven courses，故后一句应选用表示特定范围的whichever。

14．Nobody believed her reason for being absent from the meeting ________ she had to meet her uncle at the airport。

答案that 考查同位语从句。

空格处引导同位语从句，解释reason的具体内容，从句意义完整且不缺成分，所以用that。

15．The Great Wall leaves visitors a puzzle ________ ancient Chinese people managed to build it without modern tools。

答案how 考查同位语从句。

句意：长城给游客们留下了一个谜.那就是没有现代化的工具，古代的中国人是如何建成长城的。

分析句子结构可知,设空处引导同位语从句,解释puzzle 的内容。

根据句意可知，设空处表示方式,故填how。

16．The word “media" basically refers to ________ we commonly call newspapers, magazines, radio and television.
答案what 考查宾语从句。

句意：“媒体”一词基本上指的是我们平时所说的报纸、杂志、广播和电视.分析句子结构可知，设空处引导宾语从句，该从句缺少宾语，且指事物，故用what引导。

17．That's ________ he didn't attend the meeting.
答案why 考查表语从句.句意：那就是他不到会的原因。

why在从句中作原因状语.
18．She will give ________ needs help a warm support.
答案whoever 考查宾语从句。

句意：凡是需要帮助的人，她都会给予热情的支持。

由
句意可知，应填whoever，在从句中充当主语。

19．________ will win the match is still unknown。

答案Who 考查主语从句。

句意：谁能赢得这场比赛还不得而知。

who在从句中作主语。

20．What the doctors really doubt is ________ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon。

答案whether 考查表语从句.句意:医生真正担忧的是我妈妈是否能快速地从重病中恢
复过来。

根据句意可知，空格处应填whether,引导表语从句.
21．________ he referred to in his article was often discussed by many people.
答案What 考查主语从句.句意:他在自己文章里提到的东西经常被很多人讨论。

从句中what作refer to的宾语.
22．This is ________ our problem lies.
答案where 考查表语从句。

句意:这就是我们的问题所在。

where引导表语从句，并在
从句中充当地点状语。

23．You didn't pass the exam. I think it is ________ you are careless.
答案because 考查表语从句。

句意：你没有通过考试。

我认为是因为你太粗心了。

because引导表语从句，并在从句中充当原因状语.
24．The reason for his absence yesterday was ________ he did have something to do.
答案that 考查表语从句。

从句中不缺少成分，且句意完整，因此用that。

25．________ is well known to everyone， I should say, is that a man becomes learned by asking questions.
答案What 考查主语从句.分析句子成分可知，从句中缺少主语，且指事物，因此用what。

26．She wondered ________ she ought to let the children know about it。

答案how 考查宾语从句。

句意：她想知道如何才能让孩子们知道这件事.根据句意可知，空格处应填how，引导宾语从句。

27．We are so sorry for that。

We’ll try to determine exactly ________ went wro ng that evening。

答案what 考查宾语从句。

分析句子成分可知，从句中缺少主语，且指事物，因此用what。

28．The fact has worried many scientists ________ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.
答案that 考查同位语从句。

空格处及后面的句子是fact的同位语.从句意义完整且不
缺成分，故用that.
29．Exactly ________ the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain， but it was probably around 1565。

答案when’考查主语从句。

句意:土豆被引入欧洲的确切时间不能确定，但很可能是1565年左右。

分析句子结构可知，设空处为主语从句的引导词,从around 1565判断,这里指时间，故填when.
30．He has solved the problem ________ the TV was out of order。

答案why’考查同位语从句.空格处及后面的句子是problem的同位语。

why“为什么，……的原因”,在从句中充当原因状语。

二、改正下列句子中的错误(每句只有1处错误）。

1．The fact when he had not said anything surprised me。

________________________________________________________
答案when→that he had not said anything是同位语从句，从句中不缺少成分，并且句意完整,故引导词用that.
2．That the fat boy need is much more practice.
________________________________________________________
答案That→What is前是一个主语从句，从句中need后缺少宾语，因此应用what。

3．The doubt is whom has got away with the document。

________________________________________________________
答案wh om→who is后是一个表语从句，从句中缺少主语,因此应用主格who。

4．David couldn't control his car was obvious.
________________________________________________________
答案David前加That “That David couldn't control his car”为主语从句，从句中不缺少成分，并且句意完整，因此应用that。

5．I want to know who book it is， but no one seems to know。

________________________________________________________
答案who→whose whose作book的定语，而who相当于名词，不能作定语.
6．The reason why she doesn’t like me is I make her angry.
________________________________________________________
答案is后加that is后是一个表语从句,从句中不缺少成分，并且句意完整,因此应用that。

表语从句中that不能省略。

注“The reason why。

..is that..。

”是一固定句型“……的原因是……”。

7．I have been worrying about if I have hurt Mary’s heart。

________________________________________________________
答案if→whether if意为“是否"时，只能用于动词后的宾语从句中。

宾语从句位于介词之后，因此只能用whether引导。

8．This surprised us very much that Tom should have left without a word。

________________________________________________________
答案This→It it作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句.
9．Who knows the truth will tell you about it.
________________________________________________________
答案Who→Whoever whoever在此引导主语从句,相当于anyone who.
10．He told me that he had two sons and they both had gone to college。

________________________________________________________
答案and后加that that引导宾语从句时，第一个宾语从句中的that可以省略,后面再
有宾语从句时则不能省略引导词that。

11．If John is an artist is unknown。

________________________________________________________
答案If →Whether第二个is之前是主语从句，所以只能用whether不能用if引导。

12．They want to make it clear to the public which they do an important task。

________________________________________________________
答案which→that which在名词性从句中通常意为“哪一个”。

在此从句中不缺少成分，并且句意完整,因此应用that。

13．Life is like a tale. Which matters is not how long it is, but how good it is.
________________________________________________________
答案Which→What主语从句中缺少主语，因此应用what意为“什么,……的是".
14．It’s no longer a question now that man can land on the moon。

________________________________________________________
答案that→whether句意:人类是否能登上月球已经不再是一个问题了.句中it作形式
主语，真正的主语是whether引导的从句。

15．The real reason why I don’t have a hobby is because I don’t have time。

________________________________________________________
答案because→that句意：我没有爱好的真正的原因是我没时间。

表语从句中不缺少
成分，并且句意完整，因此应用that.记住句型The reason why。

.。

is that。

“……的原
因是……”，此题迎刃而解。

名词性从句(一）
名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句四种。

引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：
连词：that， whether， if (在从句中均不充当任何成分）.
连接代词：what, whatever， who, whoever, whom, which, whichever.
连接副词：when， where， how， why, whenever, wherever, however等。

注意：that在从句中不作任何成分,在主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中也不能省略,在引导宾语从句时,第一个宾语从句中的that可以省略；whether和if意为“是否”，在宾语从句中可以互换使用(注介词后面的宾语从句只能用whether引导),但在其他名词性从句中只能用whether。

从句均用陈述语序.
一、主语从句
1．主语从句：在复合句中充当主语成分的从句。

That he passed the driving test made us very happy。

Who will take over the company has not been decided yet。

2．为了防止一些句子头重脚轻，通常用it作形式主语.
用it作形式主语的常用句型
It is a fact (a shame, a pity, good news...） that.。

It is true （certain, clear...） that。

It is said （reported， believed.。

) that.。

.
It＋occurs/matters等不及物动词＋that从句
It is certain that you will pass the college entrance exam。

It is a pity that I missed the party held last night。

It is reported that the accident was caused by carelessness.
It had never occurred to him that he might be falling in love with her.
二、宾语从句
1．宾语从句：在复合句中充当宾语成分的从句。

分为及物动词的宾语从句，介词的宾语从句，形容词后的宾语从句。

Do you know who has got the first prize?
We are talking about whether we admit students into our club。

I am sure I will pass the exam。

2．it作形式宾语，常用的动词有：find， make, feel， think， consider等。

I find it necessary that we do some reading every day。

3．有些动词不能直接跟宾语从句,需要借助形式宾语it。

常见的有like, dislike， hate, love， enjoy， appreciate等.
I hate it when people speak with their mouths full.
I would appreciate it if you could stay for lunch.
4．在suggest, demand, insist, order， wish 等动词后的宾语从句中，谓语动词要用虚拟语气，即 (should＋)动词原形。

She suggested that we （should) not go there for holiday。

限时25分钟
一、在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）。

1．［2016·北京高考]The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is ________ one can be entirely free from dust.
答案that 句意：雨季最让人感到快乐的是，人们可以完全摆脱灰尘。

分析句子结构可知，本空需要连接词引导表语从句,连接词在从句中不作任何成分，也无任何意义，只起连接作用，故用that引导。

2．［2016·陕西九校联考］________ he considered a great proposal was turned down by the boss at the meeting。

答案What 句意：他那个自认为很不错的提议被老板在会上否决了。

“________ he considered a great proposal”为主语从句，consider在句中的用法是“consider＋宾语＋宾语补足语”。

由此可见，该主语从句中缺少宾语(considered的宾语），又因为设空处表示事物,故答案为What.
3．[2015·北京高考］I truly believe ________beauty comes from within.
答案that 句意:我真的相信美是发自内心的。

分析句子结构可知，“________beauty comes from within"在句中作believe的宾语，是宾语从句,不缺少句子成分，故填that。

4．[2014·重庆高考]—Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday？
—Yeah, but I have no idea ________ he did it； that's one of his favorite universities.
答案why 句意:——迈克昨天拒绝了耶鲁大学的录取，是真的吗？——是的，但我不知道他为什么这样做；那是他最喜欢的大学之一.所填词引导同位语从句，解释说明idea，并在从句中表示原因，故用why。

5．[2014·陕西高考]________ the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather。

答案When 句意：延迟的航班何时起飞主要取决于天气情况。

所填词引导主语从句，在从句中作时间状语，故填When。

6．[2016·天津高考]The manager put forward a suggestion ________ we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do。

答案that 句意：经理提出了一条建议，我们应该有个助手。

有太多的工作要
做.suggestion后是同位语从句，从句的结构和句意均完整，故用that引导。

7．[2016·北京高考]Your support is important to our work. ________ you can do helps。

答案Whatever 句意：你的支持对于我们的工作很重要,不管你做什么都能帮助我们。

分析句子成分可知,本空需要连接代词whatever引导主语从句，并在从句中作do的宾语.
8．[2014·广东高考]I didn’t understand ________ this would happen and.。

答案why 句意：我不理解为什么这会发生……。

understand后是宾语从句，根据didn’t understand判断，从句的引导词意为“为什么”，故填why。

9．[2014·福建高考］Pick yourself up. Courage is doing ________ you're afraid to do.
答案what 句意：振作起来.勇气就是做你害怕做的事情。

所填词引导宾语从句,并在从句中作do的宾语，指事物，故填what.
10．［2014·浙江高考］“Every time you eat a sweet， drink green tea。

” T his is ________ my mother used to tell me。

答案what 句意：“每次吃甜食时,喝点绿茶。

"这是我母亲以前经常告诉我的.所填词引导表语从句，并在从句中作tell的宾语,指事物，故填what。

11．［2014·四川高考］Grandma pointed to the hospital and said, “That’s ________ I was born.”
答案where 句意：奶奶指着那家医院说：“那就是我出生的地方。

"所填词引导表语从句，在从句中作地点状语,故填where。

12．［2016·北京西城模拟］—Could you give me some advice on getting a job？
—First， find out ________ you like doing best。

答案what 句意：——你能给我一些有关找工作的建议吗？——首先要弄清楚你最喜欢做什么。

“________ you like doing best”为宾语从句，该从句缺少宾语（doing的宾语)，且设空处表示事物，故答案为what.
13．［2017·湖南模拟]There are as many as five student clubs in our school. You can join ________ interests you most.
答案whichever 句意：在我们学校有多达五个学生俱乐部。

你可以加入(这五个俱乐部中)最让你感兴趣的那个。

“________ interests you most”为宾语从句，该从句缺少主语;题干中已给出范围（as many as five student clubs)，所以用whichever来表示这五个学生俱乐部中的任何一个。

14．［2016·四川二次诊断]The happiest people enjoy ________ each age gives them。

答案what/whatever 句意：最幸福的人们享受每个年龄赋予他们的（任何)东西。

“________ each age gives them”为宾语从句，该从句缺少宾语，且设空处表示物，故用what/whatever引导。

15．[2016·湖南常德模拟］Only you know ________ is best for you.
答案what 句意：只有你知道什么对你来说是最好的。

“________ is best for you"为宾语从句。

该从句缺少主语,且设空处指物,故用what引导。

16．[2016·山西二模］My mother knew where we were at all times。

She knew ________ our friends were.
答案who/where 句意:我母亲总是知道我们在哪里。

她知道我们的朋友是谁/在哪里。

根据句意可知，设空处在宾语从句中作表语，并表示身份或地点，故用who/where引导.
17．［2016·河南模拟]I had no idea of ________ a stage manager actually did.
答案what 句意:我不知道舞台经理实际做些什么。

“________ a stage manager actually did”为宾语从句，该从句缺少宾语，且设空处指事物,故用what引导。

18．[2017·江西模拟］It is obvious ________ the local government can do to protect the environment for future generations。

答案what 句意：为了子孙后代,当地政府在保护环境方面所能做的事情是显而易见的。

It为形式主语，“________ the local government can do.。

"为主语从句，该从句中缺少宾语(do的宾语)，且设空处表示事物，所以填what。

19．［2016·四川四校联考]Choosing the right dictionary depends on ________ you want to use it for.
答案what 句意：选择对的词典取决于你想用它来做什么。

“________ you want to use it for”为宾语从句，该从句缺少宾语（介词for的宾语)，且设空处表示事物，故答案为what。

20．［2017·陕西渭南模拟］________makes the school famous is ________ more than 90% of the students have been admitted to universities.
答案What;that 句意：让这所学校出名的是有超过90%的学生被大学录取了.“________ makes the school famous”为主语从句,该从句中缺少主语，且设空处指事物，故第一空答案为What；“________ more than 90% of the students..。

"为表语从句，该从句不缺任何成分,意思完整,故第二空填that.
21．［2015·北京高考]________we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel。

答案How 句意：我们如何理解事物与我们的感受有很大关系。

分析句子结构可知，“________we understand things”在句中作主语，是主语从句。

根据句意可知，此处应用连接副词how。

22．［2016·青岛模拟]The problem is ________ we can improve our reading skills in such a short time.
答案how/whether 句意:问题是我们如何/是否能在这么短的时间内提升阅读技能。

根据句意填how/whether，引导表语从句.
23．［2016·江苏调研]A warm thought suddenly came to me ________ I might buy some
flowers for my friend’s mother's 60th birthday.
答案that 句意：我突然有了一个很温馨的想法，我可以为我朋友的妈妈60大寿买些鲜花。

空格处引导同位语从句，作a warm thought的同位语.该从句不缺任何成分,故用that 引导.
24．[2015·重庆高考］We must find out________Karl is coming, so we can book a room for him。

答案when 句意：我们一定要搞清楚卡尔什么时候来，以便我们给他订房间。

由句意可知,要给卡尔订房间,那么就要清楚他来这里的时间，故填when.
25．［2015·江苏高考]________Li Bai, a great Chinese poet, was born is known to the public，but some won’t accept it.
答案Where 依据语境可知,此处指有些人对大诗人李白的出生地存在质疑。

分析句子结构可知，“________Li Bai，。

.was born”在句中作主语，且其中只缺状语，因此填Where，引导主语从句。

26．[2015·浙江高考］If you swim in a river or lake, be sure to investigate ________ is below the water surface. Often there are rocks or branches hidden in the water.
答案what 句意:如果你在河里或湖里游泳,一定要查明水下的状况.经常会有岩石或树枝隐藏在水中.“________ is below the water surface"为宾语从句，作动词investigate 的宾语，该从句中缺少主语且表示事物，故答案为what。

27．[2017·重庆模拟］With many cities in China dreadfully blanketed by thick haze，the environmental problem is ________ Chinese people concern most nowadays。

答案what 句意：随着中国许多城市被厚厚的雾霾所笼罩，环境问题成了当今中国人最为关注的问题。

is后为表语从句，该从句缺少宾语（concern的宾语)，且设空处指事物,所以填what。

28．［2016·安徽联考］—It's my treat today。

Is there anything particular you would like to have?
-________ you choose is fine with me.
答案Whatever 句意：——今天我请客，你有什么特别想吃的吗？——无论你选择什么对我来说都可以。

whatever you choose“无论你选择什么"；whatever＝anything that。

29．[2015·四川高考]The exhibition tells us ________we should do something to stop air pollution.
答案why 句意：该展览告诉我们为什么我们要采取措施阻止空气污染.根据句意以及句子结构可知，空格处应填why引导宾语从句。

30．[2017·江西模拟］________ we can have clean drinking water lies in ________
effective measures will be taken by the government about water pollution.
答案Whether； what 句意：我们能否喝到干净的饮用水取决于政府会对水污染采取什么样的有效措施。

“________ we can have clean drinking water"为主语从句，根据句意可知,设空处表示“是否”,故第一空填Whether; “________ effective measures。

water pollution”是宾语从句(介词in的宾语),设空处表示“什么（有效的措施）”，故第二空答案为what。

二、改正下列句子中的错误（每句只有1处错误)。

1．[2016·河南焦作一模］After arriving at school, I discussed with some classmates that we could do.
________________________________________________________
答案that→what句意：到达学校后,我和一些同学讨论我们能做点什么.that we could do为宾语从句，该从句缺少宾语，且表示物，故用what而不是that引导.
2．［2016·绵阳诊断]The problem is what the “Play” doesn't work at all。

________________________________________________________
答案what→that is之后内容为表语从句。

该表语从句中成分和句意均完整，应用that 引导。

3．[2016·临川模拟］Finally, we can predict that may happen in the future and be prepared.
________________________________________________________
答案that→what predict后接宾语从句。

该宾语从句中缺少主语，指物，应用what。

4．［2016·山西五校联考]I don’t know if she will come or no t.
________________________________________________________
答案if→whether whether...or not意为“是否”，为固定用法.
5．[2017·江苏质检］The hope he may recover is not gone yet。

________________________________________________________
答案hope后加that “that he may recover”为同位语从句,其中连接词that不能省略。

6．［2016·全国卷Ⅰ]My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live。

________________________________________________________
答案that→where句意:我的叔叔是我住处附近一家餐馆的拥有者。

宾语从句中缺少地点状语，故用where引导.
7．[2015·全国卷Ⅱ]After looking at the toy for some time, he turned around and found where his parents were missing.
________________________________________________________
答案where→that或去掉where 句意：看了一会儿玩具之后，他转身发现父母亲不见了.found后是宾语从句，从句中不缺少成分且意思完整，故用that引导，that可以省略。

8．[2014·四川高考]If you notice that when someone is missing or hurt, tell your teacher immediately。

________________________________________________________
答案去掉when 此处notice后的宾语从句是由that引导的，when多余，故去掉when。

9．[2014·辽宁高考］That is which other teachers say.
________________________________________________________
答案which→what what引导表语从句,且在从句中作宾语，意为“所……的”。

10．[2016·山西四校联考]What I believe it’s the best way to get close to nature.
________________________________________________________
答案去掉What I believe后为省略了that的宾语从句，what为多余成分.
11．［2017·唐山模拟]I didn't know what one to buy because these books were all useful to me.
________________________________________________________
答案what→which which指哪一个，这里是在一定范围“these books”中选择，所以which符合句意。

12．［2017·浙江质检]You want to know that everything is going in our school。

________________________________________________________
答案that→how know后的宾语从句中缺少方式状语，应用how。

13．［2016·陕西月考］That depends on if you’re suitable for the job.
________________________________________________________
答案if→whether if表“是否”时，不能用于介词后的宾语从句中.
14．［2016·河南八市联考]In our life, we often regret what we did and which we couldn't do。

________________________________________________________
答案which→what what引导宾语从句，意为“什么"，在从句中作do的宾语。

15．[2016·河北调研］The question that who should do the job requires consideration.
________________________________________________________
答案去掉that The question后为同位语从句,这个同位语从句是由who引导的，that 为多余成分。

名词性从句（二）
三、表语从句
1．表语从句:在复合句中充当表语成分的从句。

通常位于be动词或系动词look, seem等之后.
The problem is when we can get a pay rise。

That is what I want to tell you.
2．表语从句可以用as if/though 引导，“好像……”.
It looks as if it is going to rain。

3．because引导的表语从句强调原因,而why引导的表语从句强调结果。

That’s because he doesn’t understand me.
He was ill。

That's why he was absent.
4．“The reason why.。

.＋be＋that从句”结构。

The reason why he was absent was that he was ill。

四、同位语从句
1．同位语从句：在主从复合句中，用作同位语的从句，叫同位语从句.它一般跟在某些名词,如:fact, idea， news, promise， doubt, truth, hope， suggestion， belief等后面,用以解释说明这些名词.
I have no idea when Chaplin's film will be on again。

We were very excited at the news that our team had won.
The fact that women can work as well as men is clear。

Henry Adams made a promise that he would not open the letter until 2 o'clock.
2．同位语从句与名词之间有时会被句子的其他成分隔开，形成间隔性同位语从句.
Word came that our team had won the game.
3．that引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别：
同位语从句只是说明或解释前面名词的具体内容，从句中引导词不充当从句成分；定语从句用来修饰前面的名词或代词，关系词在从句中既起到连接作用,又在从句中充当成分。

Have you heard the news that our team won the game? (同位语从句）
Have you heard the news that was reported from the front？（定语从句）
注意：whether和if引导宾语从句时大多数情况下可以通用,但其他情况下二者还是有一定的区别。

下列情况下一般用whether不用if：
①引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句时；
②引导介词或discuss的宾语从句时；
③与or not连用时。