吉林长春市十一高中任务型阅读单元测试题(一) 百度文库

一、高中英语任务型阅读
1．Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
A problem shared can be a problem doubled
People discuss their problems with friends in the hope that they'll gain some idea on how to solve them. And even if they don't find a way to solve their problems, it feels good to let off some steam. Indeed, having close friends to trust is a good relief against poor mental health. ________ The term psychologist's use for negative problem sharing is "co-rumination". Co-rumination is the mutual encouragement to discuss problems too much, repeatedly going over the same problems, expecting future problems and focusing on negative feelings. It is more about keeping talking about problems than solving them. ________ In a study involving children aged seven to 15 years of age, researchers found that co-rumination in both boys and girls is associated with "high-quality" and close friendships. However, in girls, it was also associated with anxiety and depression (the same association was not found with the boys).
If we look at the theory behind why individuals ruminate, it may shed some light on why friends co-ruminate. ________ So if two people believe rumination is beneficial, then working together to co-ruminate to find answers may seem like a useful thing to do, as two heads may appear better than one. But focusing on problems and negative emotion together can increase negative beliefs and moods — and result in a greater need to co-ruminate.
Traditionally, therapy has not prioritised handling rumination or co-rumination directly as maintaining factors in psychological problems. Instead, approaches such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) have aimed to challenge only the content of rumination. Humanistic approaches such as counselling have provided conditions to potentially ruminate on the content of problems. And psychodynamic (心理动力的) approaches such as psychoanalysis have aimed to analyze the content of rumination.
________ But if this occurs in therapy, a strong therapeutic relationship may well be a positive outcome of co-rumination — regardless of whether the client's symptoms improve or not.
And, on the social side, discussing problems with friends doesn't always have to lead to worsening mental health, as long as the discussion involves finding solutions and the person with the problem acts on those solutions. Then, relationships can be positive and beneficial to both parties, and a problem shared can really be a problem halved.
A. According to a leading theory on rumination, people believe that it will help them find answers and make them feel better.
B. How you co-ruminate matters too.
C. Focusing on the content of rumination runs the risk of fostering co-rumination between client and therapist.
D. How problems are discussed, though, can be the difference between halving a problem or doubling it.
E. Co-rumination with work colleagues can increase the risk of stress and tiredness, one study
suggests.
F. Research shows that co-rumination is a double-edged sword.
【答案】 D；F；A；C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文。

与朋友过多地讨论问题，反复讨论同样的问题，期待未来的问题，并关注负面情绪，这种被称为"共同反刍"。

共同反刍是一把双刃剑，可能会让问题减半，也可能会让问题加倍。

（1）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

根据空前"Indeed, having close friends to trust is a good relief against poor mental health."可知拥有亲密的朋友确实可以很好地缓解心理健康状况。

后文，也就是从第二段开始作者介绍了共同反刍的涵义和利弊。

空格处需要承上启下，D. How problems are discussed, though, can be the difference between halving a problem or doubling it."但是，如何讨论问题可能是将问题减半或加倍问题的区别。

"切题，故选D。

（2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

根据空后"In a study…with anxiety and depression (the same association was not found with the boys)."可知下文介绍了一项涉及7至15岁儿童的研究，研究发现男孩和女孩的共同反刍与"高质量"和亲密的友谊有关。

然而，在女孩中，它也与焦虑和抑郁有关。

说明共同反刍既有利也有弊。

承上启下， F. Research shows that co-rumination is a double-edged sword."研究发现共同反刍是把双刃剑"切题。

F项的researches与后文的the study相呼应。

故选F。

（3）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

根据空前"If we look at the theory behind why individuals ruminate, it may shed some light on why friends co-ruminate."可知作者想用个人反刍的理论来更好地解释朋友间的共同反刍。

承接上文， A. According to a leading theory on rumination, people believe that it will help them find answers and make them feel better."根据反刍的主要理论，人们相信反刍会帮助他们找到答案并让他们感觉更好。

"切题。

A项 a leading theory on rumination与前文中的the theory behind why individuals ruminate相呼应。

故选A。

（4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

根据空后"But if this occurs in therapy, a strong therapeutic relationship may well be a positive outcome of co-rumination —regardless of whether the client's symptoms improve or not."可知在如果在治疗时出现了这件事(this)，强烈的治疗关系很可能是共同反刍的积极结果- 无论客户的症状是否有所改善。

空格处需要解释后文this指代的是什么，即什么发生了。

呼应下文， C. Focusing on the content of rumination runs the risk of fostering co-rumination between client and therapist."专注于反刍的内容存在促进客户和治疗师之间共同反思的风险。

"切题。

后文this指代的就是C项的内容。

故选C。

【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

2．请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。

注意:每个空格只填1个单词。

The urge to share our lives on social media
People have long used media to see reflections of themselves. Long before mobile phones or even photography, diaries were kept as a way to understand oneself and the world in which one
lives. In the 18th and 19th centuries, as diaries became more popular, middle-class New Englanders, particularly white women, wrote about their everyday lives and the world around them.
These diaries were not a place into which they poured their innermost thoughts and desires, but rather a place to chronicle (记录) the social world around them. The diaries captured the everyday routines of mid-19th-century life, and women diarists in particular focused not on themselves but on their families and their communities.
Diaries today are, for the most part, private. But things were different for these New England diaries. Young women who were married would send their diaries home to their parents as a way of maintaining kin (血缘) relations. When family or friends came to visit, it was not uncommon to sit down and go through one's journal together.
Diaries are not the only media that people have used to document lives and share them with others. We have long used media like photo albums, baby books and even slide shows as a means of creating traces (痕迹) of our lives. We do this to understand ourselves and to see trends in our behaviour. We create traces as part of our identity and part of our memory.
Sharing everyday life events can strengthen social connection and intimacy (亲密感). For example, you take a picture of your child's first birthday. It is not only a developmental milestone: the photo also strengthen the identity of the family unit itself. The act of taking the photo and proudly sharing it further reaffirms (再次证实) one as a good and attentive parent. In other words, the media traces of others figure in our own identities.
Today's social media platforms are, by and large, free to use, unlike historical diaries, which people had to buy. Today, advertising subsidises (补贴) our use of networked platforms. Therefore these platforms encourage use of their networks to build larger audiences and to better target them. Our pictures, our posts, and our likes are commodified—that is, they are used to create value through increasingly targeted advertising.
Instead of social media merely connecting us, it has become a craze (狂热) for information, continually trying to draw us in with the promise of social connectivity—it's someone's birthday, someone liked your picture, etc. There's a multibillion-dollar industry pulling us into our smartphones, relying on a longstanding human need for communication.
The urge to be present on social media is much more complex than simply narcissism (自恋). Social media of all kinds not only enable people to see their reflections, but to feel their connection as well.
free/nothing；commodities；catering；connection/communication
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了早期的和现代社交媒体的特点和影响。

（1）考查信息归纳。

根据第一段中的“Long before mobile phones or even photography，diaries were kept as a way to understand oneself and the world in which one lives”可知，早在手机和摄影出现以前，日记是人们了解自己和世界的方式，在手机和摄影出现以前的方式属于早期（最初）的媒体，故填early/primitive。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“Long before mobile phones or even photography，diaries were kept as a way to understand oneself and the world in which one lives”可知，在手机和摄影出现以前，人们通过日记来了解自己和世界，故填diaries。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“Diaries today are, for the most part, private”及“When family or friends came to visit, it was not uncommon to sit down and go through one's journal together.”可知，现在，日记是很私人的东西，但在那时，已婚的年轻女性与家人和朋友分享自己的日记是很平常的事情，故填share。

（4）考查信息概括。

根据第四段中的“Diaries are not the only media that people have used to document lives and share them with others.”及第五段中的“Sharing everyday life events can strengthen social c onnection and intimacy”等信息可知，这两段主要介绍了社交媒体的好处（功能/目的），故填Functions/Purposes/Benefits。

（5）考查细节理解。

根据第四段中的“We create traces as part of our identity and part of our memory.”可知，我们创造痕迹作为我们身份和记忆的一部分，也就是说，我们一直通过社交媒体来展示我们是谁以及我们在生活中经历了什么，故填who。

（6）考查细节归纳。

根据第五段中的“Shar ing everyday life events can strengthen social connection and intimacy”可知，分享日常生活中的事情可以加强社会联系和亲密感，也就是说可以使家庭成员之间的关系更亲密，故填close/closer。

（7）考查细节理解。

根据第六段中的“Today's social media platforms are, by and large, free to use”可知，现在的社交媒体平台都是免费使用，故填free/nothing。

（8）考查信息归纳。

根据第六段中的“Our pictures, our posts, and our likes are commodified—that is, they are used to create value through increasingly targeted advertising. ”可知，我们的图片、帖子、喜好都是商品化的，它们被用来通过越来越有针对性的广告来
创造价值，也就是说我们的私人数据通过定向广告被用作商品，故填commodities。

（9）考查信息归纳。

根据倒数第二段中的“Ins tead of social media merely connecting us, it has become a craze ( 狂热 ) for information, continually trying to draw us in with the promise of social connectivity—it's someone's birthday, someone liked your picture, etc.”可知，社交媒体不再只是把我们联系在一起，它已经成为一种对信息的狂热，不断地试图用社交连接来吸引我们——有人过生日、有人喜欢你的照片等等，也就是说社交媒体通过迎合我们的需要来吸引我们，故填catering。

（10）考查细节理解。

根据最后一段中的“Social media of all kinds not only enable people to see their reflections, but to feel their connection as well.”可知，社交媒体会让人们感受到他们与外界的交流与联系，人们对此很感兴趣，故填connection/communication。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，信息归纳和信息概括三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生准确掌握细节信息，并，结合相关的语法知识和词汇知识，做出正确答案。

3．阅读下列短文并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词，每空一词。

Ready for final year
Even though they're anxiously awaiting their gaokao, Senior 3 students feel relieved after having survived their busiest year of high school.
Your milestone year begins in just two months, so how can you make the most of it? Here, three graduates offer some practical advice to help you navigate (航行) your final year in the right way.
Sun Hairuo, High School Affiliated to Renmin University of China, Beijing:
Think ahead about your major. Even though some universities allow students to switch to a new major after enrollment, it still involves a lot of effort to do. So while you're preparing for the gaokao, start to consider what field you want to major in at the same time.
When I was aware of my interest in social science, I began to collect information on the internet about what courses I'd like to take in university and what life would be like on campus if I chose this direction. Don't judge a major before you know everything about it, since your entire future depends on it.
Qian Wenjing, Hangzhou Foreign Language School, Zhejiang:
Enjoy a hobby alongside your studies. It's important to get high marks in all subjects, but if you have nothing that can distract you from the piles of homework, you'll have no motivation.
For example, I run a WeChat public account, which you can find by searching for “大嘴小个儿” on WeChat. On it, I share my reflections on life, recommend good books and introduce learning methods to others. I also make videos on how to write an interesting daily journal for the video platform .
So, keep on top of your schoolwork, but make sure you find time to let your hair down sometimes too.
Wang Zixin, Beijing No 4 High School, Beijing:
Create your own system of knowledge using a notebook. In the review stage, find your weak points on every science subject after each exam. Summarize the knowledge behind the errors in your notebook — this will not only identify the problem, but will also save you time when you
don't have to spend so long figuring out the answer.
As for liberal arts subjects such as Chinese and English, write down any memorable sentences you come across in your notebook.
And keep it in mind that improvements don't happen right away — it takes time to get better. Ready for final year
like；remember
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙，三位高中已毕业的学生分享他们在高三学习的经验，让现在的高三学子坚定信念，更好地迎接忙碌的高三生活。

（1）考查词义转换。

根据第一段中的“Even though they're anxiously awaiting their gaokao, Senior 3 students feel relieved after having survived t heir busiest year of high school.”中关键词await，可以用短语wait for替换。

故填waiting。

（2）考查原词重现。

根据第二段中的“Here, three graduates offer some practical advice to help you navigate (航行) your final year in the right way.”中的advice，注意首字母大写。

故填Advice。

（3）考查词性转化。

根据第三段中的“So while y ou're preparing for the gaokao, start to consider what field you want to major in at the same time.” 动词短语prepare for转化为名词短语make preparation for“为……做准备”。

故填preparation。

（4）考查原词重现。

根据第四段中的“When I was aware of my interest in social science, I began to collect information on the internet about what courses I'd like to take in university and what life would be like on campus if I chose this direction.”中aware在题中作状语。

故填aware。

（5）考查词性转化。

根据第五段中的“It's important to get high marks in all subjects, but if you have nothin g that can distract you from the piles of homework, you'll have no motivation.”中的名词motivation转化为形容词motivational作表语。

故填motivational。

（6）考查词义转换。

根据第七段中的“So, keep on top of your schoolwork, but make sure you find time to let your hair down sometimes too.”中短语keep on top of (保持优势)，转换为keep the advantage。

故填advantage。

（7）考查词义转换。

根据第七段中的“So, keep on top of your schoolwork, but make sure you find time to let your hair down sometimes too.”中的let your hair down为俚语“放松一下”，转换为动词relax。

故填relax。

（8）考查定语从句。

根据文章第六段For example, I run a WeChat public account, which you can find by searching for “大嘴小个儿” on WeChat. On it, I share my reflections on life, recommend good books and introduce learning methods to others.中的On it，题中先行词WeChat public account，在从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where。

故填where。

（9）考查词义转换。

根据倒数第二段中的“As for liberal arts subjects such as Chinese and English, write down any memorable sentences you come across in your notebook.”中的such as 转换为like。

故填like。

（10）考查词义转换。

根据最后一段中的“And keep it in mind that improvements don't happen right away —it takes time to get better. ”中的keep … in mind转换为remember。

故填remember。

【点评】本题考点涉及词义转换，原词重现，词性转化等题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生准确掌握所给材料，结合相关的语法知识和词汇知识，做出正确答案。

4．阅读下文并回答问题。

Confidence (自信) is very important in daily life. It can help you to develop a healthy attitude (态度). A study shows that the people who are more confident are much happier. They can have more chance to make themselves successful. When you are not confident you can't do well what you want to do. But how to be more confident? Here are some suggestions:
Speak loud You speak in a voice so low that other people can hardly hear you. Try to speak loud enough so that people can hear you clearly. The high voice can help you become more confident.
Play sports Physical exercise makes you tired but completely relaxed. A strong body helps you be full of confidence.
Encourage yourself Write down a list of things you did during the day to see how many things you have done well. Did you finish your homework? Did you tell a joke that made everybody laugh? Give yourself praise for the good things you've done.
Get rid of (消除) fear Fear comes along with failure (失败). But it's easy to overcome (克服) if you know that failure is part of your life. Don't hide your head just because you said something stupid last time. Try to start again and believe you can do better.
Pick up a hobby If you like singing, sing as much as you can. In some ways, a hobby can make you outstanding. And it will make you happy and confident.
（1）Is confidence important in daily life?
（2）When you fail, what can you do to get rid of fear?
（3）Which of these suggestions would you like to choose to be more confident? Why?
【答案】（1）Yes.
（2）I can try to start again and believe I can do better.
（3）选择一个建议回答即可。

说明原由时要有依据。

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了几个如何让自己更自信的方法。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“Confidence (自信) is very important in daily life.”可知自信在日常生活中很重要，所以本题的答案为Yes。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“Try to start again and believe you can do better.”可知对于消除恐惧，作者给的方法是尝试重新开始并相信自己可以做得更好。

所以本题答案为I can try to start again and believe I can do better.
（3）考查推理判断。

本题是开放性问题，选择一个建议回答即可。

说明原由时要有依据。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而做出正确答案。

5．根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

The Silk Road was a historical network of trade routes that connected China and the Mediterranean Sea, allowing cultural and economic interaction between the East and the West. Begun in the 2nd Century B C, the Silk Road carried goods, ideas, and even illness for thousands of miles between great civilizations for more than a thousand years. ________ It was the creation of Germany's Ferdinand von Richthofen, who traveled to China several times in the second half of the 19th Century.
China's powerful Han Dynasty began expanding its trade routes towards the West in the years around 100 B.C. ________ Some shipments made it through to Europe and to northern and eastern Africa, through the port of Alexandria.
As its name suggests, the Silk Road was home to large amount of silk, which made its way from China to the Mediterranean and, to Rome. It wasn't only silk, however, that was carried along the Silk Road ________ Chinese traders brought delicate porcelain plates and thin but durable paper money. Romans brought delicately carved pottery (陶器）and jewelry to China.
________ Merchants carried shipments from major center, and then others carried the foods farther on the route. Many merchants traveled in groups, called carvans (商队). Many carvans and individual merchants traveled with bodyguards because theft along the routes was not uncommon.
Several cities along the Silk Road became major trading centers. Some of the more famous of these were Alexandria, Karakorum, Antioch, Constantinople, and Persepolis. Local taxes placed on goods traveling along the route were quite common. ________
A. The name, however, is a modem idea.
B. Diseases also spread along the Silk Road.
C. It sent silk and other goods to other civilizations.
D. Merchants would prepare some supplies in advance.
E. Goods did not travel with the same person all along the route.
F. As a result, many goods traveled only part of the way due to the high cost
G. Many other things made their way from the East to the West, or from the West to the East.【答案】 A；C；G；E；F
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了丝绸之路的历史、发展及其对东西方文明的影响。

（1）上文说丝绸之路始于公元前2世纪，一千多年来，伟大文明之间的货物和思想都通过丝绸之路传输，下文又说这个称呼是由德国人Ferdinand von Richthofen发明的，19世纪中叶他曾多次访问中国，此处需要一个承上启下的句子，故A项（然而，这个名字是一个现代的概念）符合语境。

（2）根据本空后的“Some shipments made it through to Europe and to northern and eastern Africa, through the port of Alexandria.”可知，一些货物通过亚历山大港送往欧洲、东非和北非，此处是说货物通过丝绸之路运送到别的地方，故C项（它把丝绸和其他商品送到其他文明）符合语境。

（3）上文说沿着丝绸之路运送的不只是丝绸，下文又说中国商人带来了精致的瓷盘和薄而耐用的纸币，罗马人把雕刻精美的陶器和朱宝带到中国，此处是说丝绸之路还运送除了丝绸以外的东西，故G项（还有很多别的东西，从西到东，从东到西，都在这条路上运输）符合语境。

（4）根据本空后的“Merchants carried shipme nts from major center, and then others carried the foods farther on the route.”可知，商人们从主要的运输中心运送货物，然后其他人把货物运送到更远的地方，故E项（货物并不是一路由一个人运送的）符合语境。

（5）根据本空前的“Local taxes placed on goods traveling along the route were quite common.可知，对丝绸之路上运输的货物征收地方税是很常见的，此处说的是征收地方税的影响，故F项（因此，由于成本高，许多货物只能走一部分路）符合语境。

【点评】阅读理解七选五解题步骤
1）分析选项，串联主题：了解文章的主题、大意，会让解题的方向更明确。

2）研究空格前后，对比选项，选择答案。

3）复读短文，核对答案：为了保证答案的正确性，一定要把答案代入原文，进行核对检查。

6．请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。

Robert F. Kennedy once said that a country's GDP measures "everything except that which makes life worthwhile. "With Britain voting to leave the European Union, and GDP already predicted to slow as a result, it is now a timely moment to assess what he was referring to.
The question of GDP and its usefulness has annoyed policymakers for over half a century. Many argue that it is a flawed(有缺陷的) concept. It measures things that do not matter and misses things that do. By most recent measures, the UK's GDP has been the envy of the Western world,
with record low unemployment and high growth figures. If everything was going so well, then why did over 17 million people vote for Brexit, despite the warnings about what it could do to their country's economic prospects.
A recent annual study of countries and their ability to convert growth into well-being sheds some light on that question. Across the 163 countries measured, the UK is one of the poorest performers in ensuring that economic growth is translated into meaningful improvements for its citizens. Rather than just focusing on GDP, over 40 different sets of criteria from health, education and civil society engagement have been measured to get a more rounded assessment of how countries are performing.
While all of these countries face their own challenges, there are a number of consistent themes. Yes, there has been a budding economic recovery since the 2008 global crash, but in key indicators in areas such as health and education, major economies have continued to decline. Yet this isn't the case with all countries. Some relatively poor European countries have seen huge improvements across measures including civil society, income equality and the environment.
This is a lesson that rich countries can learn: When GDP is no longer regarded as the sole measure of a country's success, the world looks very different.
So, what Kennedy was referring to was that while GDP has been the most common method for measuring the economic activity of nations, as a measure, it is no longer enough. It does not include important factors such as environmental quality or education outcomes all things that contribute to a person's sense of well-being.
The sharp hit to growth predicted around the world and in the UK could lead to a decline in the everyday services we depend on for our well-being and for growth. But policymakers who refocus efforts on improving well-being instead of simply worrying about GDP figures could avoid the forecasted doom and may even see progress.
performance；varieties/ranges；resulting；highly/much
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了据GDP显示，英国拥有令西方国家羡慕的低失业率和高增长数据，但英国民众的幸福感不强，这说明GDP不能真实地反映出民众的幸福指数，政策制定者应该将精力重新集中在改善民生上，而不仅仅是担心GDP数据。

（1）考查形容词。

根据第一段中的“If everything was going so well, then why did over 1 million people vote for Brexit, despite the warnings about what it could do to their country's economic prospects.”可知，如果英国真拥有令人羡慕的低失业率和高增长数据的话，为什么还有那么多英国民众不顾本国经济前景而支持英国脱欧呢？由此可知，英国虽然拥有高GDP，但是英国民众的幸福感不足，修饰名词well-being用形容词，故填Inadequate。

（2）考查主语从句。

根据第一段中的“Robert F. Kennedy once said that a country's GDP measures "everything except that which makes life worthwhile.”可知，Robert F. Kennedy认为，GDP衡量了除了让生活与意义以外的所有东西，从句中缺少主语，故填what。

（3）考查动词。

根据第一段中的“It measures things that do not matter and misses things that do.”可知，GDP衡量的是无关紧要的东西，而忽略了真正重要的东西，故填counts/matters。

（4）考查名词。

根据倒数第三段中的“When GDP is no longer regarde d as the sole measure of a country's success, the world looks very different.”可知，GDP被视为衡量一个国家成功与否的唯一标准受到民众的广泛质疑，故填success。

（5）考查名词。

根据第一段中的“If everything was going so well, then why did over 1 million people vote for Brexit, despite the warnings about what it could do to their country's economic prospects.”可知，如果英国真拥有令人羡慕的低失业率和高增长数据的话，为什么还有那么多英国民众不顾本国经济前景而支持英国脱欧呢？低失业率对应高就业率，故填employment。

（6）考查副词。

根据第二段中的“Across the 163 countries measured, the UK is one of the poorest performers in ensuring that economic growth is translated into meaningful improvements for its citizens.”可知，在确保经济增长转化为对本国居民有意义的改善方面，英国是表现得最差的国家之一，修饰动词transformed用副词，故填poorly。

（7）考查名词。

根据第二段中的“Rather than just focusing on GDP, over 40 different sets of criteria from health, education and civil society engagement have been measured to get a more rounded assessment of how countries are performing.”可知，人们不仅关注GDP，还衡量了来自卫生、教育和公民社会参与等40多套不同标准，以更全面地评估各国的表现，故填performance。

（8）考查名词。

根据第二段中的“over 40 different sets of criteria from health, education and civil society engagement have been measured to get a more rounded assessment of how countries are performing.”可知，人们衡量了来自卫生、教育和公民社会参与等40多套不同
标准，故填varieties/ranges。

（9）考查非谓语动词。

根据倒数第二段中的“It does not include important factors such as environmental quality or education outcomes all things that contribute to a person's sense of well-being. ”可知，它不包括重要的因素，如环境质量或教育成果，所有有助于一个人的幸福感的事情，result in表示“导致”，things与result之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，用现在分词作后置定语，故填resulting。

（10）考查副词。

根据最后一段中的“But policymakers who refocus efforts on improving wel l-being instead of simply worrying about GDP figures could avoid the forecasted doom and may even see progress.”可知，如果政策制定者将精力重新集中在改善民生上，而不仅仅是担心GDP数据，就能避免预测中的厄运，甚至会看到进展，think highly/much of表示“重视、看重”，故填highly/much。

【点评】信息匹配题解题步骤：（一）先“少”后“多”；（二）锁定关键信息：抓实词；（三）信息匹配题１.寻找同义、相同的词或词组；２.寻找近义词或词组；３.留意数字（包括时间）；（四）读懂省略文字；（五）学会“认”生词；（六）巧用标注记号。

7．阅读理解
When was the last time you sat on a park bench(凳子)? Did you stay for long? A new kind of park benches will limit the amount of time you can sit there. If you don't get up in time, it could be very painful: there are many sharp spikes (钉子) on the part that you sit on!
Visitors who want a rest on the bench need to put a coin in a machine next to it. Once the money was accepted, the spikes disappear into the bench. Then visitors can sit down comfortably, but only for half an hour. When the time's up, the spikes slowly start moving up again. It doesn't hurt at first, but after a minute, they start coming up even more quickly. They aren't long enough to cause serious hurt, but they do cause pain, as tests have shown. But why have they been installed (安装)?
"Our public park is very popular in summer," a spokesperson for the park explained. "But with all the thousands of people who visit the park, there aren't enough benches for everyone. We want to make sure that the benches are shared by more visitors, and to stop people taking a bench and staying there all day. Installing spikes seems to be the fairest way of stopping people doing this."
（1）How is the new kind of park bench different from other benches?
（2）What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?
（3）Why are the new benches installed?
（4）The passage says, "Installing spikes seems to be the fairest way of stopping people doing this." Do you agree with this? Please state your reasons.
【答案】（1）It can limit the amount of time people sit on it (with sharp spikes). / If you don't get up from it in limited time, it could make you painful./ There are many sharp spikes on it to limit the amount of time people sit on it.
（2）It's mainly about how the new kind of benches work.
（3）They're installed to solve the problem that some people take a bench too long and others。