2020-2021【英语】英语 阅读理解的专项 培优易错试卷练习题含答案

一、高中英语阅读理解
1．阅读理解
The picture of George Washington is on the one-dollar bill. He served as American's first president from 1789 to 1797. President Washington has been called the "Father of his country."
The third president of the United States, Thomas Jefferson, is on the two-dollar bill. He was the main writer of the Declaration of independence in 1776. Jefferson was one of the most influential
of the nation's Founding Fathers. He was also a plant expert, architect, musician and inventor.
Another of American's greatest presidents, Abraham Lincoln, is on the five-dollar bill. He served
as the sixteenth president from 1861 until 1865. He successfully led the country through the Civil War, saved the Union and ended slavery.
The picture of Alexander Hamilton appears on the ten-dollar bill. Hamilton was never president.
But he was the first Secretary of the Treasury and one of the Founding Fathers. He was also an economist and political philosopher.
Andrew Jackson was the seventh president, serving from 1829 to 1837. He supported popular democracy and individual liberty. His picture is on the twenty-dollar bill.
Another president is on the fifty-dollar bill. Ulysses S. Grant served from 1869 to 1877. Before serving as president, Grant was military commander of Union forces during the Civil War. Under
his command, the Union Army defeated Confederate forces.
So who do you think is on the one hundred-dollar bill? It is Benjamin Franklin. Franklin was never elected president, but was one of the Founding Fathers. He was also a leading writer and printer, political thinker, politician, postmaster, scientist, inventor, civil activist, and diplomat.
These American statesmen are on the front of the bills. The backs of the notes show images
from nation's history or famous places. They are in order, the Great Seal of the United States, the signing of Declaration of Independence and the Lincoln Memorial. The others are the Treasury Building, the White House, the Capitol Building and independence Hall.
（1）The design of the bills shows that Americans values their people's__________ .
A. talents in many ways
B. success in their careers
C. inventions in new fields
D. contributions to the country
（2）For hundreds of years, those historic men on the bills fought for the nation's ____________.
A. economy and power
B. independence and democracy
C. wealth and success
D. faith and glory
（3）Which of the following might be the best title for the text?
A. Men on the Money
B. the Design of US Bills
C. History on the Money
D. the Story of US Bills
【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了各种面值的美元纸币上伟大人物，以及他们
对国家所做出的贡献。

（1）考查推理判断。

文章在描述每一种面值的纸币上的人物时，都着重描写他们对国家的作用与影响，George Washington是第一任总统，Thomas Jefferson独立宣言的主要起草者，Abraham Lincoln结束内战，废除奴隶制，Alexander Hamilton第一个财政部长和开国元勋之一，Andrew Jackson支持大众民主和个人自由，Benjamin Franklin开国元勋之一，从而可判断美国人民看重的是伟人对这个国家做出的贡献。

故选D。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据第一段中的“President Washington has been called the ‘Father of his country.’"；第二段中的“Jefferson was one of the most influential of the nation's Founding Fathers.”及下文对美元上其他人物的介绍可知，文章中提到的这些历史上著名的人物，无论是独立战争，美国内战，还是独立宣言的起草与签署都反映出他们为争取国家的独立与民主所做出的努力与牺牲。

故选B。

（3）考查主旨大意。

根据第一段中的“The picture of George Washington is on the one-dollar bill.第二段中的The third president of the United States, Thomas Jefferson, is on the two-dollar bill.”及下文各段的段首句可知，本文主要描述了各种面值的美元纸币上伟大人物，以及他们对国家所做出的贡献。

故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解
Antarctica has become one of the world's most popular tourist destinations. Since 1969, the average number of visitors to the continent has increased from several hundred to over 34,000 today. All activities in Antarctica are heavily supervised by the Antarctic treaty for environmental protection purposes and the industry is largely managed by the International Association of Antarctica Tour Operators (IAATO).
The first expedition (探险) to Antarctica with travelers was in 1966, led by Swedish explorer Lars Eric Lindblad. He wanted to give tourists first-hand experience of the ecological sensitivity of the Antarctic environment, in order to educate them and promote a greater understanding of the continent's role in the world. In 1969, Lindblad built the world's first expedition ship, the MS Lindblad Explorer, which was specifically designed to transport tourists to Antarctica.
In 1977, both Australia and New Zealand started to offer scenic flights to Antarctica through Qantas and Air New Zealand. The flights often flew to the continent without landing and returned to the departure airport. The experience was an average 12 to 14 hours with up to 4 hours of flying directly over the continent. The flights from Australia and New Zealand stopped in 1980. It was largely due to the Air New Zealand Flight 901 accident on November 28, 1979. In 1994, flights to Antarctica continued again.
Despite the potential dangers and risks, trips to Antarctica continued to grow. According to IAATO, 34,354 travelers visited the continent between 2012 and 2013. Americans contributed to the largest share with 10,677 visitors, or 31.1%, followed by Germans 11.1%, Australians 10.7%, and the British 10.2%. The rest of the visitors were from China, Canada, Switzerland, France and elsewhere.
The cost of a trip to Antarctica can range from as little as $3,000-$4,000 to over $40,000,
depending on the scope of transportation, housing, and activity needs. The higher end packages typically involve air transport, on-site camping, and a visit to the South Pole.
（1）Which can best replace the underlined word "supervised" in Paragraph 1?
A. Protected.
B. Monitored.
C. Supported.
D. Forbidden.
（2）What's Lars Eric Lindblad's original purpose in getting to Antarctica?
A. To make himself the first explorer to go to Antarctica.
B. To transport more and more tourists to Antarctica.
C. To get first-hand experience of precious resources.
D. To let people know the significance of the continent.
（3）What do we know about the flights to Antarctica?
A. They were once cancelled for more than ten years due to dangers.
B. Natural conditions of Antarctica are unable to support their landing.
C. It takes 14 hours to fly from New Zealand to Antarctica directly.
D. Air New Zealand has much success in developing Antarctic tourism.
（4）What can be learned from the passage?
A. It is very convenient for Americans to travel to Antarctica.
B. The travelers usually have 4 hours' sightseeing on the continent.
C. The number of people travelling to Antarctica is increasing.
D. New Zealand is the first country to offer scenic flights to Antarctica.
（5）What's the best title for the text?
A. The development of Antarctica
B. Antarctica, a dream tourist attraction
C. The history of tourism in Antarctica
D. IAATO, a great organization
【答案】（1）B
（2）D
（3）A
（4）C
（5）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了南极洲已经成为世界上最受欢迎的旅游目的地之一，同时按照时间顺序说明了南极洲的旅游业历史，尽管存在潜在的危险和风险，前往南极洲的旅行仍在增加，以及南极洲之旅的费用情况。

（1）考查词义猜测。

根据第一段中的”by the Antarctic tre aty for environmental protection purposes and the industry is largely managed by the International Association of Antarctica Tour Operators (IAATO).“可知由于南极洲的旅行人数增多，为了保护环境，在南极洲的所有活动都受到《南极条约》的严格监督，旅游业主要由国际南极旅游经营者协会管理。

故可推测划线单词意思为“监督”。

故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的”H e wanted to give tourists first-hand experience of the ecological sensitivity of the Antarctic environment, in order to educate them and promote a greater understanding of the continent's role in the world.“他想让游客亲身体验南极环境的生态敏感性，以便教育他们，并促进他们更好地了解南极在世界上的作用。

可知Lars Eric Lindblad去南极洲的最初目的是为了让人们知道南极洲大陆的重要性。

故选D。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的”The flights from Australia and New Zealand stopped in 1980. It was largely due to the Air New Zealand Flight 901 accident on November 28, 1979. In 1994, flights to Antarctica continued ag ain.“来自澳大利亚和新西兰的航班于1980年停飞。

这主要是由于1979年11月28日新西兰航空公司901航班的事故。

1994年，前往南极洲的飞行再次继续。

可知飞往南极洲的航班曾经因为危险而被取消了十多年。

故选A。

（4）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的”Since 1969, the average number of visitors to the continent has increased from several hundred to over 34,000 today.“自1969年以来，到南极洲大陆的平均游客人数已经从几百人增加到今天的34000多人；以及倒数第二段中的”Despite the potential dangers and risks, trips to Antarctica continued to grow.“尽管存在潜在的危险和风险，前往南极洲的旅行仍在增加。

可知前往南极洲的人数正在增加。

故选C。

（5）考查主旨大意。

根据第二段中的”The first expedition to Antarctica with travelers was in 1966, led by Swedish explorer Lars Eric Lindblad.“1966年，由瑞典探险家Lars Eric Lindblad带领的探险队首次随旅行者前往南极洲。

以及文章主要内容为介绍南极洲旅游行业的历史，故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇旅游类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解
Even if you've never been to Phoenix, you know this about the place It's hot. From June to September, the temperature can easily surpass the century mark. But that doesn't stop hikers from attempting the 1.3-mile hiking to the top of the city's famed Camelback Mountain. Signs warn that the trail is "extremely difficult". If you continue, a posted checklist suggests at least a liter of water per person. And if you're still not stopped, another sign farther up declares: "If you're halfway through your water, turn around!"
Unfortunately, many people to not take the warnings seriously. Fortunate y, Scott Cullymore does. The 53-year-old Cullymore can be found hiking up and down Camelback a couple of times a day, giving out cold bottles of water to worn-out hikers. He has helped hydrate so many hikers that he has earned a heavenly nickname: the Water Angel.
Cullymore was on Camelback Mountain one day in 2015 when a British tourist died after being lost for nearly six hours in the July heat. That experience inspired him to start helping people caught unaware by the cruelty of Mother Nature. "They underestimate the mountain, and they overestimate what they can do, and they get themselves in trouble." he warned.
One hiker who was offered water agrees. "You think you know the heat, but then you get out here in the desert and it surrounds you like a blanket," said Austin Hill, who was hiking with a high school friend. They were lucky, he said pointing to Cullymore. "We ran into this Good Samaritan here." And with that, the Water Angel goes in search of another hiker in need.
（1）What is the first paragraph mainly about?
A. The risks involved in the hiking.
B. The seriousness of the warnings.
C. The distribution of signs that warn hikers.
D. The influence of the temperature on hikers.
（2）Why did some hikers on Camelback Mountain get in trouble?
A. They were not well trained in hiking.
B. They forgot to take enough water with them.
C. They were too optimistic about the situation.
D. They were not fit enough to hike the mountain.
（3）What can we know about Austin Hill?
A. He agreed to help others.
B. He was saved by Cullymore.
C. He hiked alone in the desert.
D. He regretted taking a blanket.
（4）What is the best title for the text?
A. The Camelback Mountain
B. Surviving the Heat
C. Hikers in Need
D. The Water Angel
【答案】（1）A
（2）C
（3）B
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，远足者低估夏日的Camelback Mountain 同时高估自己的能力，所以在远足途中遇到麻烦，Cullymore了解情况后决定帮助他们。

Cullymore通过在炎炎夏日给那些远足者提供水而被人们亲切地称为“水天使”。

（1）考查段落大意。

根据第一段中的”From June to September, the temperature can easily surpass the century mark“；”Signs warn that the trail is ‘extremely difficult’“；”If you continue, a posted checklist suggests at least a liter of water per person. “和“If you're halfway through your water, turn around!”可知在夏天去Camelback Mountain远足是非常艰难的，原因有两个：一个是温度很高，另一个是水。

故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的”They underestimate the mountain, and they overestimate what they can do, and they get themselves in trouble.“可知人们低估了这座山，同时高估了自己的能力，因此他们陷入麻烦中，即对情况感到过于乐观导致他们涉险。

故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的”They were lucky, he said pointing to Cullymore. ‘We ran into this Good Samaritan here.’”可知Austin Hill说他们很幸运，因为他们遇到了Cullymore这个乐善好施的人，故推测Cullymore救了他。

故选B。

（4）考查主旨大意。

根据第二段中的“He has helped hydrate so many hikers that he has earned a heavenly nickname: the Water Angel.”和最后一段中的“And with that, the Water Angel goes in search of another hiker in need.”以及文章主要内容可知，本文主要叙述了Cullymore 通过在山上给登山者发水来帮助他们，从而得到“水天使”的昵称，即本文主要讲述“水天使”的故事。

故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断，段落大意和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

4．阅读理解
At one time or another in your life you have probably done origami, even if it was just making a paper airplane or something more complicated like a paper crane. The chances are that as you did it, you reflected on how inventive this traditional art is. Animals, boxes, flowers, boats: it all can be created from a single square or rectangular sheet of paper simply by folding it. No cutting, no pasting.
But did you ever stop to think how the same techniques might be applied to engineering? Equipment that could be of real practical use? Origami meets the demand for things that need to be small when transported and large when they arrive, like the everyday umbrella. In fact, origami-inspired creations have already flown in space; in 1995, Japanese engineers launched a satellite with solar panels that folded like a map.
'It's now mathematically proven that you can pretty much fold anything," says physicist Robert J. Lang, who quit his engineering job eight years ago to fold things full time. Lang, an origami enthusiast since age six, advised a advised well-known ear manufacturer the best way to fold an airbag into a dashboard. He is currently working on a space telescope lens that, if all goes according to plan, should be able to unfold to the size of a football field.
At the other end of the scale, researchers are also working on tiny folding devices that could lead to breakthroughs in medicine and computing. There's no doubt that computers of the future may contain tiny, folded motors or capacitors for faster processing and better memory.
Applications for origami engineering go further than many of us might imagine. "Some day," says MIT's Erik Demaine, "we'll build reconfigurable (可重构的) robots that can fold on their own from one thing into another, like Transformers. Too much like science fiction to be true? Maybe—though you certainly wouldn't want to bet against it."
（1）What do we know about origami?
A. It consumes lots of time.
B. It involves interesting ideas.
C. It requires complex techniques.
D. It has to do with cutting and pasting.
（2）Which of the following is an application of origami?
A. A space telescope lens can be folded to the size of an umbrella.
B. A satellite is equipped with solar panels and a folded map.
C. An airbag can be better folded into a dashboard of a car.
D. A future computer contains many huge folded motors.
（3）What is Erik Demaine's attitude towards origami engineering?
A. Hopeful
B. Doubtful.
C. Disapproving.
D. Ambiguous.
（4）In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?
A. Entertainment.
B. Culture.
C. Education.
D. Pop-science.
【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）A
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，折纸是一种具有创造性的传统艺术，而现在它已经被应用到技术工程领域，人们利用折纸原理创造出了很多可折叠的装置。

折纸工程将在很大程度上影响未来的医药、计算机和机器人行业。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据第一段中的“The chances are that as you did it, you reflected on how inventive this traditional art is. Animals, boxes, flowers, boats: it all can be created from a single square or rectangular sheet of paper simply by folding it. No cutting, no pasting.”可知，折纸是一个具有创造性的传统艺术，我们不用裁剪或拼贴，只通过折叠就可以把一张正方形或者三角形的纸变成动物、纸盒、花、船等东西，由此推测折纸需要有创造性的和有趣的想法。

故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“Lang, an origami enthusiast since age six, advised a well-known ear manufacturer the best way to fold an airbag into a dashboard.”可知折纸爱好者Lang向一位制造商建议了把安全气囊折叠到仪表盘中的最佳方式。

故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的“Applications for origami engineering go further than many of us might imagine”可知Erik Demaine认为折纸工程的应用远远超出了我们的想象，由此可推测Erik Demaine对折纸工程的未来充满希望。

故选A。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据第二段中的“in 1995, Japanese engineers launched a satellite with solar panels that folded like a map.”；第三段中的“Lang, an origami enthusiast since age six, advised a advised well-known ear manufacturer the best way to fold an airbag into a dashboard.”；第四段中的“There's no doubt that computers of the future may contain tiny, folded motors or capacitors for faster processing and better memory. ”和第五段中的“‘Some day,’ says MIT's Erik Demaine, ‘we'll build reconfigurable (可重构的) robots that can fold on their own from one thing into another, like Transformers.’”可知卫星，安全气囊的折叠，未来电脑的发展和未来可重构机器人，这些都和科学技术相关，故推测本文很有可能出现在报纸的科学板块。

故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

5．阅读理解
Microsoft announced this week that its facial-recognition system is now more accurate in identifying people of color, touting (吹嘘)its progress at tackling one of the technology's biggest biases (偏见).
But critics, citing Microsoft's work with Immigration and Customs Enforcement, quickly seized on how that improved technology might be used. The agency contracts with Microsoft for cloud-computing tools that the tech giant says is largely limited to office work but can also include face recognition.
Columbia University professor Alondra Nelson tweeted, "We must stop confusing 'inclusion' in more 'diverse' surveillance (监管)systems with justice and equality."
Facial-recognition systems more often misidentify people of color because of a long-running data problem: The massive sets of facial images they train on skew heavily toward white men. A Massachusetts Institute of Technology study this year of the face-recognition systems designed by Microsoft, IBM and the China-based Face++ found that facial-recognition systems consistently giving the wrong gender for famous women of color including Oprah Winfrey, Serena Williams, Michelle Obama and Shirley Chisholm, the first black female member of Congress.
The companies have responded in recent months by pouring many more photos into the mix, hoping to train the systems to better tell the differences among more than just white faces. IBM said Wednesday it used 1 million facial images, taken from the photo-sharing site Flickr, to build the "world's largest facial data-set" which it will release publicly for other companies to use.
IBM and Microsoft say that allowed its systems to recognize gender and skin tone with much more precision. Microsoft said its improved system reduced the error rates for darker-skinned men and women by "up to 20 times," and reduced error rates for all women by nine times.
Those improvements were heralded(宣布)by some for taking aim at the prejudices in a rapidly spreading technology, including potentially reducing the kinds of false positives that could lead police officers misidentify a criminal suspect.
But others suggested that the technology's increasing accuracy could also make it more marketable. The system should be accurate, "but that's just the beginning, not the end, of their ethical obligation," said David Robinson, managing director of the think tank Upturn.
At the center of that debate is Microsoft, whose multimillion-dollar contracts with ICE came under fire amid the agency's separation of migrant parents and children at the Mexican border.
In an open letter to Microsoft chief executive Satya Nadella urging the company to cancel that contract, Microsoft workers pointed to a company blog post in January that said Azure Government would help ICE "accelerate recognition and identification." "We believe that Microsoft must take an ethical stand, and put children and families above profits," the letter said.
A Microsoft spokesman, pointing to a statement last week from Nadella, said the company's "current cloud engagement" with ICE supports relatively anodyne(温和的)office work such as "mail, calendar, massaging and document management workloads." The company said in a statement that its facial-recognition improvements are "part of our going work to address the industry-wide and societal issues on bias."
Criticism of face recognition will probably expand as the technology finds its way into more arenas, including airports, stores and schools. The Orlando police department said this week that it would not renew its use of Amazon. com's Rekognition system.
Companies "have to acknowledge their moral involvement in the downstream use of their technology,"
Robinson said. "The impulse is that they're going to put a product out there and wash their hands of the consequences. That's unacceptable."
（1）What is "one of the technology's biggest biases" in Paragraph 1?
A. Class bias.
B. Regional difference.
C. Professional prejudice.
D. Racial discrimination.
（2）What can we know about the improvement of facial-recognition technology?
A. Justice and equality have been truly achieved.
B. It is due to the expansion of the photo database.
C. It has already solved all the social issues on biases.
D. The separation of immigrant parents from their children can be avoided.
（3）What is the focus of the face-recognition debate?
A. Data problems.
B. The market value.
C. The application field.
D. A moral issue.
（4）What is David Robinson's attitude towards facial-recognition technology?
A. Skeptical.
B. Approval.
C. Optimistic.
D. Neutral.
（5）We can infer from the last paragraph that Robinson thinks _____.
A. companies had better hide from responsibilities
B. companies deny problems with its technical process
C. companies should not launch new products on impulse
D. companies should be responsible for the new product and the consequences
（6）Which can be the suitable title for the passage?
A. The wide use of Microsoft system
B. Fears of facial-recognition technology
C. The improvement of Microsoft system
D. Failure of recognizing black women
【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）D
（4）A
（5）D
（6）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，微软面部识别技术改进了肤色识别，宣布其人脸识别技术将会更加精确，但是人们却认为它会带来更大的问题，希望微软把道德置于其利润之上，并且能够为产品以及其带来的后果负责。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据第一段”Microsoft announced this week that its facial-recognition system is now more accurate in identifying people of color, touting (吹嘘）its progress at tackling one of the technology's biggest biases (偏见).“可知微软面部识别技术改进了肤色识别，吹嘘它可以解决该技术最大的偏见，由此可以推断该项技术在人种肤色上有偏见，也就是种族歧视。

故选D。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第五段中的”The companies have responded in recent mont hs by pouring many more photos into the mix, hoping to train the systems to better tell the differences among more than just white faces.“可知那些公司通过在原有照片中加入更多的照片，通过训练系统，从而提升系统的识别能力，即通过扩充照片数据库来提升系统的识别能力。

故选B。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据第九段中的”At the center of that debate is Microsoft, whose multimillion-dollar contracts with ICE came under fire amid the agency's separation of migrant parents and children at the Mexican border.“；和第十段中的”We believe that Microsoft must take an ethical stand, and put children and families above pr ofits“可知对微软人脸识别技术的争论中心是，它会把墨西哥边缘的移民父母和孩子分开，且人们认为微软必须坚守道德底线，将儿童和家庭置于其利润之上，故推断目前对于脸部识别技术争论的焦点是道德问题。

故选D。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的 "The impulse is that they're going to put a product out there and wash their hands of the consequences. That's unacceptable."可知Robinson认为他们推出了一种产品然后对其后果撒手不管，这是让人难以接受的。

故推断Robinson对人脸识别技术是不支持的。

故选A。

（5）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的 "The impulse is that they're going to put a product out there and wash their hands of the consequences. That's unacceptable."可知Robinson认为他们推出了一种产品然后对其后果撒手不管，这是让人难以接受的。

故推断Robinson认为公司应该对自己的产品和产品带来的后果负责到底。

故选D。

（6）考查主旨大意。

纵观全文可知，本文讲述了人们怀疑改进之后的人脸识别技术会带来更多的问题，比如种族歧视和置墨西哥孩子的利益于不顾。

故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

6．阅读理解
Jane Austen is loved mainly as a charming guide to fashionable life in the Regency period (英国摄政时期). She is admired for describing a world of elegant houses, dances, servants and fashionable young men driving barouches (四轮四座大马车). But her own vision of her task was completely different. She was an ambitious and strict moralist. She was highly conscious of human failings and she had a deep desire to make people nicer: less selfish, more reasonable and more sensitive to the needs of others.
In Pride and Prejudice, Mr. Darcy and Elizabeth Bonnet start off heartily disliking each other and then, gradually realize they are in love. They make one of the great romantic couples. He is handsome, rich and well connected; she is pretty, smart and lively. But why actually are they right for one another?
Jane Austen is very clear. It's for a reason we tend not to think of very much today: It is because each can educate and improve the other. When Mr. Darcy arrives in the neighborhood, he feels "superior" to everyone else, because he has more money and higher status. At a key moment, Elizabeth condemns his arrogance (自大) and pride to his face. It sounds offensive in the extreme, but later he admits that this was just what he needed.
Mostly, we tend to think of love as liking someone for who they already are, and of total acceptance. But the person who is right for us, Austen is saying, is not simply someone who makes us feel relaxed or comfortable; they got to be able to help us overcome our failings and become more mature, more honest and kinder—and we need to do something similar for them.（1）What do we know about Jane Austen from paragraph 1?
A. She lived a fashionable life.
B. She wrote about the life of the rich.
C. She knew exactly human virtues.
D. She was nicer to less selfish people.
（2）What can we learn about Mr. Darcy from the text?
A. He dislikes Elizabeth from the beginning to the end.
B. He is handsome, rich and rather modest.
C. He is kind to everyone in the neighborhood.
D. He needs Elizabeth to point out his shortcomings.
（3）Which person is right for you according to Jane Austen?
A. A person that you like for who he or she is.
B. A person with whom you feel really relaxed.
C. A person making you become a better man or woman.
D. A person who does something similar to you.
（4）What message does the book Pride and Prejudice convey?
A. Improve yourself with your lover's help.
B. Accept the people you love totally.
C. Earn much money to make people love you.
D. Find your true love with pride and prejudice.
【答案】（1）B
（2）D
（3）C
（4）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了简·奥斯丁的著作《傲慢与偏见》中传达了在爱人的帮助下提高自己的思想。

简·奥斯丁认为一个让你成为更好的男人或女人的人最适合你。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的”She is admired for describing a world of elegant houses, dances, servant s and fashionable young men driving barouches.“她因描述了一个充满优雅的房子、舞蹈、仆人和时髦的年轻人驾着四轮马车的世界而受到赞赏。

可知她写了关于富人的生活。

故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据倒数第二段中的”At a key moment, Elizabeth condemns his arrogance and pride to his face. It sounds offensive in the extreme, but later he admits that this was just what he needed.“在关键时刻，伊丽莎白当面谴责了他的傲慢和骄傲。

这听起来很无礼，但后来他承认这正是他所需要的。

可知达西先生需要伊丽莎白指出他的缺点。

故选D。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据最后一段中的”But the person who is right for us, Austen is saying, is not simply someone who makes us feel relaxed or comfortable; they got to be able to help us overcome our failings and become more mature, more honest and kinder—and we need to do something similar for them.“但奥斯汀说，适合我们的人，不仅仅是让我们感到放松或舒适的人;他们必须能够帮助我们克服失败，变得更成熟、更诚实、更善良——我们需要为他们做一些类似的事情。

可知简·奥斯丁认为一个让你成为更好的男人或女人的人最适合你。

故选C。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据第三段中的”It's for a reason we tend not to think of very much today: It is because each can educate and improve the other.“这是一个我们今天很少想到的原因:因为每个人都可以教育且帮助对方提高。

可知《傲慢与偏见》这本书传达了在爱人的帮助下提高自己的信息。

故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

7．阅读理解
During your four years in the college, you'll have many exciting choices to make, the first of
which will be your course selection for your first semester. The beauty of this choice is that you can't go wrong! No matter which one of our First-Year Options you select to apply for, you will create a rich intellectual experience to begin your college career.
Option 1: Liberal Arts Seminar
The Liberal Arts Seminar is a multidisciplinary(多学科的)course that explores the cultural history of the Mediterranean through fictional and nonfictional books.
Fall schedule: When Registration opens, you will select between one and four additional courses to complete your schedule.
Option 2: FLL Hager Scholars Program
The FLL Hager Scholars Program is designed with our most ambitious students of languages and linguistics in mind, and is designed to create for them both a sense of community and opportunities for intellectual growth.
Fall schedule: When Registration opens, you will select between one and three additional courses to complete your schedule.
Option 3: Ignatius Seminars
Offered only in the first semester, Ignatius Seminars introduce students to the depth and diversity of Georgetown's dynamic intellectual community.
Fall schedule: When Registration opens, you will select three or four additional courses to complete your schedule.
Option 4: Traditional First-Year Academic Program
With this program, you'll take your first step into the college's rich and varied core courses and explore your fields of interest in free optional coursework.
Fall schedule: When Registration opens, you will build a schedule of four or five additional courses from the full college curriculum.
（1）How do students learn the cultural history of the Mediterranean?
A. By completing the schedule.
B. By writing fictional books.
C. By selecting l or 4 courses.
D. By reading materials of this area.
（2）Which program is suitable for a student interested in languages?
A. Option 1.
B. Option 2.
C. Option 3.
D. Option 4.
（3）What's a possible reason for choosing Option 4?
A. It is designed for language learners.
B. It provides various courses for free.
C. It introduces you to areas of interest.
D. It is only offered in the first semester.
【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）C
【解析】【分析】本文是是一篇说明文，在大学的四年里，你会有很多令人兴奋的选择，第一个是你第一学期的课程选择。

这个选择的美妙之处在于你不会出错！无论你选择申请哪一个，你都将为你的大学生涯创造一个丰富的智力体验。

作者介绍了大学生对课程的四种选择。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据Option 1:Liberal Arts Seminar部分中的“The Liberal Arts Seminar is a multidisciplinary（多学科的）course that explores the cultural history of the Mediterranean。