(新教材)高中外研版英语选择性必修第一册素养检测：Unit 6 Period 4 【含解析】

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课时素养检测
二十四Unit 6Period 4
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
A
When school started on that warm August day,I threw myself into everything I did,including playing volleyball. I decided to become beautiful,or at the very least,skinny. I stopped eating completely. Soon I began losing weight,which thrilled me,and I even grew to love the tiredness and light-headedness (头晕) that came with my poor diet,for those feelings meant that I was winning.
As the season progressed,things had become tense(紧张) between my head volleyball coach,Coach Smith,and me. She felt that something was wrong with my health. She talked with me about my eating and was angry that I wouldn’t listen to her when she tried to make me eat. She tried to stop me in a determined way and so we fought frequently. Then my hunger started to affect my performance. I was so tired that practice and games were becoming a struggle. One afternoon,with hurt in her eyes,Coach Smith asked me what I had eaten and I told her nothing yet. She looked at me,disappointment in her eyes,knowing she couldn’t make
me stop,and walked away.
A couple of weeks later I attended a formal dinner for our volleyball team. I stood there as my coach managed to say something nice about me.
I realized then that I had ruined my senior year by being disrespectful,and I had probably ruined hers as well. So that evening I wrote her a letter apologizing and thanking her.
Then one Saturday,as I was reading in the library,I felt someone gently take my arm and say softly,“Lynn Jones,how are you doing?” I looked up and saw the familiar face. “Thanks for the letter,” she said. “It meant a lot. ”
When I think of a coach,I think of someone above me,someone who gives instruction—not a friend. But Coach Smith is different,and,like any other good friend,she dealt with my problem in a determined way even when I hated her for it at that time. I didn’t deserve (值得) her kindness,but she gave it anyway. I will forever be grateful for her help,and now for her friendship.
【语篇概述】本文讲述的是作者坚持自己的节食减肥方法,后来得到教练的提醒,通过运动来减少体重,她十分感谢自己的教练,并且收获了一段友谊。

1. How did the author feel when she ate a poor diet and had a sense of tiredness?
A. Ashamed.
B. Proud.
C. Funny.
D. Nervous.
【解析】选B。

细节理解题。

根据第一段“ I deci ded to become beautiful,or at the very least,skinny. I stopped eating completely. Soon I began losing weight,which thrilled me”可知,作者决定要节食减肥,当作者不再进食的时候,自己很开心,很得意,很自豪。

故选B。

2. The author fought with Coach Smith because_______.
A. she refused to go on
B. she caused failure of a diet
C. she changed the training course
D. she kept her idea of losing weight
【解析】选D。

细节理解题。

根据第二段“ She talked with me about my eating and was angry that I wouldn’t listen to her when she tried to make me eat”可知,作者选择坚持她的减肥计划,拒绝教练的建议,拒绝进食。

故选D。

3. Why did the author write a letter to Coach Smith?
A. She felt sorry for eating too little food.
B. She decided to improve her performance.
C. She was thankful for Smith’s care for her health.
D. She wanted to build a close relationship with Smith.
【解析】选C。

细节理解题。

根据第三段“ So that evening I wrote her a letter apologizing and thanking her”可知,作者感谢史密斯对她健康的关心,故选C。

4. What is the best title for the text?
A. Unexpected Friendship
B. A Fight with My Coach
C. A Strict Volleyball Coach
D. My Way of Losing Weight
【解析】选A。

主旨大意题。

根据最后一段“ I will forever be grateful for her help,and now for her friendship”可知,本文讲述的是作者在减肥过程中,获得了一段意想不到的友谊。

故选A。

B
Wolves strike fear into the hearts of many species,humans included. Our fear of them has brought them to the edge of dying out,as we have cruelly killed them as competitors and trouble-makers. But researchers are discovering that the very fear they put into prey(被捕食者)species is exactly what helps make ecosystems(生态系统)healthy.
Yellowstone National Park is a typical example of just how wolves can help repair an ecosystem. An October 2018 study analyzed 40 years of research on large animals inside the park.
“Yellowstone has benefited from the reintroduction of
wolves in ways that we did not anticipate,especially the complexity of biological interactions(互动) in the park,” explained Mark Boyce,a professor in the Department of Biological Sciences. “We were really surprised at that and we’ d never have seen these responses if the park hadn’t adopted ecological-process
management—allowing natural ecological processes to take place with least human intervention. ”
After the wolves were reintroduced at Yellowstone,willow and cottonwood trees increased in number. The population of bears and bison also rose and what was once a ruling deer-wolf interaction is now more diverse.
To learn more about just how wolves are beneficial,a short documentary from Quest explains how the presence of wolves influences the behavior of deer,which eventually makes entire ecosystems more biologically diverse and healthy. In this documentary,biologist Aaron Wirsing explored why wolves and other top predators (捕食者) were needed for diverse ecosystems to develop. Using a simple video camera,Wirsing is gaining a unique view point on predator-prey relationships and changing the way we think about wolves.
The research is one more piece of evidence for why protecting these top predators is important not just for wolves as a species,but for hundreds of species at every level of an ecosystem. The fear they bring along may be the very angle that helps save them from dying out.
【语篇概述】本文是一篇说明文。

研究表明人类以及其他动物对狼的恐惧对维持健康、平衡的生态系统是有益的,其中黄石公园灰狼的引进就是一个典型的例子。

5. What does the underlined word “anticipate” in Paragraph 3 probably
mean?
A. Expect.
B. Understand.
C. Notice.
D. Accept.
【解析】选A。

词义猜测题。

根据第三段中的“We were really surprised at t hat”可知,黄石公园重新引入狼,在意想不到的方面获益。

故选A。

6. For what purpose was a documentary made?
A. To introduce how wolves behave in the wild.
B. To show how wolves benefit from ecosystems.
C. To record how Aaron Wirsing observed wolves.
D. To study what good wolves can do to ecosystems.
【解析】选D。

细节理解题。

根据第五段首句To learn more about just how wolves are beneficial,a short documentary from Quest explains how the presence of wolves influences the behavior of deer,which eventually makes entire ecosystems more biologically diverse and healthy. 可知,拍摄纪录片的目的是了解狼是如何对生态系统有益的。

故选D。

7. What is the significance of the research?
A. It proves wolves feed on hundreds of species.
B. It helps prove the importance of protecting wolves.
C. It shows the complex relationships between species.
D. It provides evidence that wolves are endangered animals.
【解析】选B。

细节理解题。

根据文章末段第一句The research is one more piece of evidence for why protecting these top predators is important not just for wolves as a species,but for hundreds of species at
every level of an ecosystem. 可知,这项研究再次证明了为什么保护这些食肉动物不仅对狼这个物种很重要,而且对生态系统的各个层面的物种都很重要。

故这项研究的意义在于它有助于证明保护狼的重要性。

故选B。

8. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. The fear of wolves is beneficial to ecosystems.
B. The fear of wolves put them in danger of disappearing.
C. Yellowstone National Park owes its healthy ecosystems to wolves.
D. The reintroduction of wolves in Yellowstone National Park is a success. 【解析】选A。

主旨大意题。

本文主要讲述了人类以及其他动物对狼的恐惧对维持健康、平衡的生态系统是有益的,因为食草动物不会过度繁殖,从而保护了植物的生长。

故选A。

Ⅱ. 完形填空
This is really simple but I was caught off guard(措手不及). As my son and I were1 a restaurant today,I2the door for several older couples going in and out. Just as I was about to let it go,I saw someone coming around the corner so I3. She saw my little boy and told me to go first. I told her to 4because I wasn’t in any5—we’re still technically on vacation. 6,we’d had our lunch.
I’ve held doors7I was a kid because that’s what my mother 8me in and now I just do it out of respect. Maybe people will say thanks,but most of them9blow past like the world owes them
something or whatever excuse they make for ignoring that gesture.
This girl,however,put10 a big smile,saying “Thank you”. It’s a tin y thing and she probably didn’t even11its effect. But I could suppose she12appreciated it. It wasn’t until she was in the doorway and walking past that I found she was a beautiful girl,so I’m not the first person to open a door for her. I just got back from Florida,was dirty and13and hadn’t even showered yet. I am 99% sure it had nothing to do with my attraction. I can only assume she was actually 14.
Anyway,this probably wouldn’t mean anything to most people but I valued her sincere15.
【语篇概述】自幼以来,作者一直会为别人礼貌地扶门以便其进出,但一个女孩的感谢却让作者感触颇深。

1. A. passing B. leaving C. entering D. reaching 【解析】选B。

考查词义辨析。

今天当作者和他的儿子要离开(leaving)一家饭馆的时候,他为几对年老的夫妇扶(held)着门以便他们进出。

下文中的“we’d had our lunch”是关键提示。

2. A. knocked at B. pushed aside
C. held
D. answered
【解析】选C。

考查词汇复现。

下文中的“I’ve held doors”是关键提示。

answer the door意为“开门,应门”,不符合语境。

3. A. waited B. approached
C. quitted
D. departed
【解析】选A。

考查词义辨析。

根据上文中的“Just as I was about to let it go,I saw someone coming around the corner ”和下文的内容可知,正当作者准备松开门时,看到拐角处有人走过来,便继续扶着门等待(waited)。

故A项符合语境。

approach“接近,靠近”;depart“离开”。

4. A. back away B. come over
C. hold on
D. go ahead
【解析】选D。

考查短语辨析。

根据上文中的“She saw my little boy and told me to go first. I told her to. . . on vacation”可知,作者在度假并且刚吃过午饭,因此不着急,所以他让这个女孩先走。

g o ahead“先走,先行”符合语境。

back away“向后退”;come over“来访,拜访”;hold on “等一下,坚持下去”。

5. A. question B. danger
C. hurry
D. difficulty
【解析】选C。

考查固定搭配。

not be in any hurry“不着急”为固定用法,符合语境。

6. A. In other words B. As a result
C. For example
D. After all
【解析】选D。

考查短语辨析。

根据上文作者为女孩扶着门让其先走的内容及下文中的“we’d had our lunch”可知,after all“毕竟,终究”符合语境。

in other words“换句话说”;as a result“结果”;for example“比如,例如”。

7. A. since B. unless C. before D. when
【解析】选A。

考查连词。

根据语境可知,自幼以来,作者就为别人扶着门,因为这是作者的妈妈教导(educated)他的事情。

since“自……之后,自……以来”在该句中引导时间状语从句。

8. A. convinced B. educated
C. inspired
D. invested
【解析】选B。

考查词义辨析。

educate“教导”; convince“说服,使确信”;inspire“激励,鼓舞”;invest“投资”。

9. A. just B. also C. never D. again
【解析】选A。

根据文中的“Maybe people will say thanks,but most of them_______blow past”可知,作者认为或许人们会对他表示感谢,但是大多数人只是(just)匆匆而过。

10. A. about B. out C. up D. on
【解析】D。

考查固定搭配。

根据下文中的“a big smile,saying ‘Thank you’”可知,此处指这个女孩面带微笑向作者致谢。

put on a smile“面带笑容”为习惯用法,符合语境。

11. A. doubt B. realize
C. comment
D. acknowledge
【解析】选B。

考查词义辨析。

这是一件很小的事情,甚至她可能没意识到(realize)这件事情的影响。

doubt“怀疑”;comment“评论”;acknowledge“承认”。

12. A. really B. deliberately
C. frequently
D. gradually
【解析】选A。

考查副词辨析。

根据语境可知,但是作者可以推断这个女孩是真正地感谢自己的善举。

really“真正地”符合语境。

deliberately“故意地”;frequently“经常地,频繁地”;gradually“逐渐地”。

13. A. exhausted B. available
C. untidy
D. unprepared
【解析】选C。

考查词义辨析。

根据上文中的“I just got back from Florida,was dirty and”和下文中的“hadn’t even showered yet”可知,作者刚从佛罗里达回来,不修边幅,甚至还未洗澡。

故untidy“不整洁的”与上文中的“dirty”相呼应,符合语境。

exhausted“筋疲力尽的”;available“可用的,可获得的”;unprepared“无准备的”。

14. A. careful B. grateful
C. considerate
D. aggressive
【解析】选B。

考查形容词。

根据上文中的“appreciated”可知,作者推断这个女孩是真的心存感激。

grateful“感激的”符合语境。

careful“小心的”;considerate“体贴的,考虑周到的”;aggressive“有进取心的”。

15. A. appearance B. character
C. appreciation
D. commitment
【解析】选C。

考查词义辨析。

无论怎样,这对大多数人来说可能没有意义,但作者却很看重她真诚的感谢。

故appreciation“感激,感谢”符合语境。

上文中的“appreciated”亦是关键提示。

appearance “外观,外貌”;character“性格”;commitment“承诺,保证”。

Ⅲ. 书面表达
假如你是李华,在校报英语专栏看到有关“英语文化节”的一则招募志愿者启事。

阅读启事,并根据要求写一封应征邮件。

写作要求: 1. 表达写信意图;
2. 陈述应征目的;
3. 说明应征条件(性格、能力等)。

注意: 1. 开头与结尾已写好,不计入总词数;
2. 可根据情况增加细节,使行文连贯;
3. 词数100个左右。

Dear Ms Chen,
I’m Li Hua,a student from Class 2,Grade 3.
____________________________________________________________ ________
____________________________________________________________ ________
____________________________________________________________ ________
____________________________________________________________ ________
____________________________________________________________ ________
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours truly,
Li Hua 【参考范文】
Dear Ms Chen,
I’m Li Hua,a student from Class 2,Grade 3. I’m writing to apply for the position as a student volunteer.
I really want to obtain this precious opportunity because,by offering my service,I will be able to improve my organizational ability,communication skills as well as my confidence in speaking English in public.
As an outgoing girl,I get along well with my classmates. Besides,I have such a good command of English that I am elected as assistant to my English teacher. Successfully,I have lent a helping hand to her in several English activities of my class,which have been appreciated by both teachers and classmates.
I am sure that I can perfectly live up to your expectations. I would appreciate it if you could take my application into account.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours truly,
Li Hua
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