管理会计ACCA-1

1)Organisations’ objectives( Primary objective):
Profit seeking organisations :to maximise the wealth of the owners of the business Public sector organisation : provision of a quality product/service within a value for money framework. Not for profit organisations (NFPO) : provisions of a social or community service for the well being of society.
1) Why is information important?
Management need information to plan, control and make decisions
2)Data and information
Data Information
3)The qualities of good information
Planning and
Control and
Making decisions
Planning, control and decision making
Strategic planning Tactical planning Control decision making
Decision making process
focuses
financial position, profitability, cash flows
Specific areas of an organization's
activities
(continued)
Financial Accounting
influencing factors
presented measures
Strategy Structure
There are two schools of thought on the link between strategy and organisational structure.
* Structure follows strategy
* Strategy follows structure
law, GAAP, IAP, IFRS monetary
Period scope historical of data
Management Accounting no strict rules
monetary and non-monetary Historical and future
It is important to remember that as management accounting is forward looking, it relies heavily on guesses and approximations, to deal with future uncertainties. We therefore have to use reasonable approximations in all our
Making decision
CVP
Linear Relevant
Analysis programming Costing
(17)
(19)
(18)
Costing system
Job Process Service Costing Costing Costing
(12) (10,11) (12)
Budgeting and Standard costing(13-16)
purpose users
Financial Accounting Management Accounting
detail historical performance for general use
stakeholders
aid plan, control, making decision
managers
管理会计
MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING
Lecturer: Wang Lihua 王黎华
四川大学工商管理学院
Lily Wang
Paper F2 Management Accounting
Paper F5 Performance Management
Paper F9
Financial Management
Chapter 1 Information for management
Chapter contents anizations 2. Information for management 3. Financial Accounting & Management Accounting 4.presenting information to management
calculations.
2) Cost accounting
The differences between cost accounting and management accounting Aims of cost accounts
3) The role of accountants
4.Presenting information to management
The cost of information
Gathering cost Processing cost Storing cost Providing cost
Q:
How to assess the value of information?
4) The type of information
3)Functions of management
Setting objectives Making plans Making decisions Putting plans (decisions) into action Monitoring actual results Taking control action Evaluating performance
Reporting How to prepare reports
1. Organizations
Why do organisations exist: This depends on the type of organisation and its objectives. With profit seeking organisations they primarily exist to generate wealth for their owners.
4) Anthony’s view of management activity
Strategic planning: setting objectives and strategic targets Management control: decisions about the efficient and effective use of resources Operational control: carry out specific tasks
Note: the features of them
5)Sources of information
internal and external sources structured information systems and nonstructured ways
3. Financial Accounting & Management Accounting
Organization’s resources:
4 Ms men, materials, machines, money
5) Management activities’ hierarchy
Strategic planning and control Tactical planning and control Operational planning and control
Cost accounting: is part of management accounting. It provides data for the management accountant to use.
1)Financial Accounting versus Management Accounting
Financial accounting Management accounting cost accounting
Financial Accounting: recording and reporting historical data.
Management Accounting: deciding where the company wants to go and ensuring it gets there.
Other objectives of profit seeking organisations
Maximize profit Maximize revenue Increase market share Minimize costs
2)Strategy and organizational structure
have purpose relevant Timely and clear understandable accurate complete not excessive communicated to right person by right channel confidence value should exceed the cost
MCS :Management control system
Basic elements: Planning Recording Carrying out Comparing Evaluating Taking corrective action
MIS: management information system
Paper P5 Advanced Performance Management
Paper P4 Advanced Financial Management
Contents
Preface(chapter 1) Cost classification and mathematics (2-5) Costing methods and techniques(6-12) Budgeting and standard costing (13-16) Short-term decision making(17-19)
Financial information Non- Financial information A combination of financial information and Non-financial information
Strategic information Tactical information Operational information
Cost and cost classification(2)
Cost behavior(3,4,5)
variable fixed
Semivariable
Cost elements (2) material(6) labor (7) overhead (8)
MC (9)

Comparison
AC (9)
rmation for management
Why do managers need information What type of information they need How can they get the information they need When can they get