英语所有格

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英语人称代词含反身代词表及基础练习
用法点击: 1. 主格和宾格:
You see him. They hit us. You teach them.
主格 宾格 主格 宾格 主格 宾格 主格 宾格 2.◆形容词性物主代词其后必须跟名词;
1形容词性物主代词不能单独使用,后面必接名词,表示所有.如:
•my pen我的钢笔your bag你的书包his bike他的自行车her desk她的书桌its name它的名字
例句:Is that your bike 那是你的自行车吗
Those are our books. 那些是我们的书;
◆如果名词前有形容词性物主代词,就不能同时用冠词a, an, the或指示代词
this, that, these, those修饰此名词;
•正This is my pencil. 误This is my a pencil.
•正This is a pencil. 误This is a my pencil.
◆形容词性物主代词与形容词一起修饰名词时,要放在形容词之前; 如:his
English books 他的英语书their Chinese friends 他们的中国朋友
形容词性物主代词与名词性物主代词之间的关系为:
名词性物主代词=相应的形容词性物主代词+名词
例如:Your bedroom=yours is big.
Mine =My bedroom is big, too. 你的卧室大;我的卧室也大;
注意:在使用名词性物主代词时,必须有特定的语言环境,也就是要省略的名词大家已经知道,已经提起过;
例:It’s hers. 是她的;
单独使用大家不知是怎么回事,不可以这样用
There is a book. It’s hers. 那有本书;是她的;先提及,大家才明白
特别提醒:汉语表达常有省略“的”字的习惯,如:我哥哥、你们老师;其中“我”和“你们”的实际意义分别是“我的”、“你们的”,所以英语中只能
译成my brother, your teacher;而不能译成 I brother, you teacher;
3.反身代词
反身代词以-self单数或-selves复数结尾;第一、二人称的反身代词由物主代词加-self构成;第三人称的反身代词由代词宾格加-self构成;反身代词有三种不同的用法:
一、强调用法
反身代词在强调用法中表示强调,即用来加强某个名词或者代词的语气,可译成“亲自”、“本人”;此时,它在句中作同位语;即使去掉,也不影响句子的完整性;例如:
1You must do it yourself.你必须自己做
2I myself did the homework last night;昨晚是我自己做了家庭作业
二、非强调用法
这种用法通常表示反身代词与句中的主语是同一人;它在句中作宾语,不能省略,否则该句是一个意义不完整的错句;例如:
1Jane is too young to look after herself.简年比太小,以至于不能照看自己
2I teach myself English.我自学英语
3He didn't hurt himself, thank goodness.他未伤了他自己,谢天谢地;
三、与by搭配
当反身代词与by搭配时,意为:单独地,没有人帮助的;例如:
1We must finish it all by ourselves.我们必须全靠自己去完成;
2He can swim all by himself.他能独自一个人游泳;
课堂练习:
一.把小括号的人称代词翻译成英语
基础练习
一.翻译.
二.1.他的画___________ 2.她老师___________3.它的名字_________ 4我的计算机__________5你的猫___________ 6她的书包__________
二.单项选择.
1. This is a girl._____ name is Lily.
A. His
B. She
C. Her
D. Its
2. This is Wang Fang._____ is twelve.
A. His
B. She
C. Her
D. Its
3. I _____ a girl._______ name is Wang Hong.
A. am; My
B. is; Her
C. am; Your
D. is; His
4.Li Lei ______ a boy._____ is in class
5.
A. am; He
B. is; She
C. are; His
D. is; He
5. -----Is the cat ______-friend ------Yes,_______.
A. your; it isn’t
B. he; it is
C. your; it is
D. her; it isn’t
6. This is a bird. I don’t know _______name.
A. its’
B. it’s
C. it
D. its
7. They can study by ___________.
A. them
B. they
C. themselves
D. us
8. --What’s this --It’s ______pencil.
A. my a
B. a my
C. my the
D. my
9. I think _____ Mrs. Wang.
A. he’s
B. His
C. she’s
D. it’s
10-----What’s that -----_____ is a cat.
A. It
B. He
C. She
D. You
11. This new computer is , I must look after computer.
A. my, mine
B. mine, my
C. my, my
D. mine, mine
12. It’s seven o’clock in the morning. Let’s .
A. go to bed
B. go to school
C. to go to home
D. going to school
13. ____________ It’s ten.
A. What colour is it
B. What time is it
C. How old is he
D. What’s five minus five
14.–Is this new bag --No, it’s .
A. his, his
B. his, hers
C. yours, my
D. hers, your
15. –What’s the time, please --.
A. It’s eight-thirty five
B. It’s eight-thirty-five
C. It’s eight thirty-five
D. It’s thirty-five past eight
16.–Is Tom a friend of yours
--Yes, he is a friend of .
A. I
B. me
C. my
D. mine
17. There are his trousers. Give .
A. it to him
B. him it
C. them to him
D. him them
参考答案:
一.1.his picture 2.her teacher3.Its name 4.my computer5.your cat 6..her bag 二.1-5CBADC 6-10DCDCA 11-15BBBBC 16-17DC
英语所有格用法
速记口诀
名词所有格,表物是“谁的”,若为生命词,加“’s”即可行,词尾有s,仅把逗号择;
并列名词后,各自和共有,前者分别加,后者最后加;若为无生命词,of所有格,
前后须倒置,此是硬规则;
妙语诠释①有生命的名词所有格一般加s,但如果名词以s结尾,则只加“’”;②并列名词所有格表示各自所有时,分别加“’s”,如果是共有,则只在最后名词加“’s”;③如果是无生命的名词则用of表示所有格,这里需要注意它们的顺序与汉语不同,A of B要翻译为B的A;来源:考试吧
在英语中名词的所有格;
一、's 构成名词所有格的方法:
1. 单数名词直接在词尾加's ;例如:
This is my mother's bag. 这是我妈妈的包;
Where are Tom's books 汤姆的书在哪儿
2. 在不规则复数名词的词尾加's ;例如:
Mrs Li is good at writing children's books. 李女士擅长写儿童书籍;
3. 若名词已有复数形式的词尾-s ,则仅在词尾加' ;例如:
She is in the teachers' reading-room. 她在教师阅览室里;
Can you tell me how to get to the Workers' Stadium
你能告诉我怎样才能到达工人体育馆去吗
4. 以-s 结尾的专有名词尤是人名,后面可加's,也可仅加',但均读作iz ;例如:
On the shelf over there are Engels's 或Engels' works. 那边书架上都是恩格斯的著作;
Have you ever read Burns's 或Burns' poems 你读过彭斯的诗吗
5. 复合名词的所用格和某些短语的所有格是在最后的那个词的词尾上加's;例如:
This is her brother-in-law's bike. 这是她姐夫的自行车;
I don't know the editor-in-chief's telephone number.我不知道总编辑的电话号码;
Here comes the Premier of France's car. 法国总理的汽车来了;
This work took us almost half a year's time. 这项工作花了我们几乎半年的时间;
6. 在并列名词表示共同所有时,在后一个名词词尾上加's ;例如:
Mr Smith is Mary and Tom's father. 史密斯先生是玛丽和汤姆的爸爸;
He is my father and mother's friend. 他是我爸妈的朋友;
并列名词表示各自所有时,在两个或两个以上的名词的词尾上分别加's ;例如:
These are John's and Henry's bikes. 这些是约翰和亨利的自行车;
Mary's and Helen's beds are in the next room. 玛丽和海伦的床铺都在隔壁房间里;
二、's 构成的名词所有格的用法:
1、主要用于表示人的名词,说明“某人所有的”;例如:
Is this Mr Black's or Miss Jane's office 这是布莱克先生的办公室还是简小姐的办公室
It's one of Shelley's best poems. 这是雪莱的最佳诗作之一;
My sister is studying at a girls' school. 我妹妹在一所女子学校读书;
2. 表示时间概念;例如:
Today is yesterday's pupil. 谚昨日是今天之师;
My birthday is only in a few days' time. 我的生日只在几天之后;
We have two weeks' vacation for Christmas. 圣诞节我们有两周的假期;
3、表示距离范围;例如:
The park is a stone's throw from here. 公园离这里很近;
It's about ten minutes' walk from here to our school. 从这里到我们学校大约步行10 分钟的路程;
4、表示重量、价格等意义;例如:
I bought one hundred dollars' worth of stamps. 我买了价值100 美元的邮票;
I have lost at least ten pounds' weight. 我的体重至少减轻了10 磅;
5. 表示节日名称;例如:
March 8th is Women's Day. 3 月8 日是妇女节
On Children's Day little boys and girls have a wonderful time. 在儿童节这天孩子们玩得很开心;
又如:
Teachers' Day 教师节, Mothers' Day 母亲节,
April Fools' Day 愚人节, New Year's Day 元旦,
Valentine's Day 情人节等;
6. 在用作同位语的名词词尾上加's 表示所属关系;例如:
Have you seen my brother, John's bicycle 你看见了我弟弟约翰的自行车了吗
I bought this book at Smith, the bookseller's. 这本书我是在史密斯书店里买的;
表示“某人的家”、“某场所或店铺”,这时,所有格名词后面往往省略了相关的名词;例如:—Where are you going 你上哪里去
—To Tom's. 到汤姆家去;
to Tom's = to Tom's house
She is now at the doctor's. 现在她在医生的诊所里;
at the doctor's = at the doctor's clinic
又如:at the tailor's = at the tailor's shop 在裁缝铺里,
go to the barber's = go to the barber's shop 去理发店里,
at the chemist's = at the chemist's shop 在药铺里,
at her uncle's = at her uncle's home 在她叔叔的家里等;。

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