高中英语 Unit 2 Healthy eating Section Ⅳ Gra

感顿市安乐阳光实验学校Section Ⅳ Grammar
[学生用书P115(单独成册)]
Ⅰ选词填空
1．My mother suggested that we should(should/will) go to the nature park this weekend.
2．If you earn more than 5，000 yuan, you have to(have to/can) pay tax(税)．3．You can’t(can’t/needn’t) go to the wedding in that old shirt. It is out of fashion.
4．You ought to(ought to/will) give up smoking. It does no good to your health.
5．If you can lend me the money, I needn’t(shouldn’t/needn’t) go to the bank.
6．You oughtn’t to(oughtn’t to/won’t) go on working because you look so tired now.
7．You shouldn’t(shouldn’t/needn’t) laugh at her just because her English isn’t very good.
8．The students mustn’t(mustn’t/needn’t) make a noise in the reading room.9．You’re John’s good friend, so you must(must/have to) know what he likes to do at the weekend.
10．You needn’t(couldn’t/needn’t) have taken a taxi here, for it was very near to my house.
Ⅱ阅读理解
Certain countries have taken strict action on
smoking by completely banning it. However, people across
the world still do not take it seriously. Around the world, about 10 million cigarettes are bought in a minute, 15 billion are sold each day, and over 5，000 billion are produced and used per year.
If people out on the streets or in front of supermarkets smoke openly, others passing by these smokers will breathe the smoke unwillingly, which can increase their risks of getting health problems unfortunately. In fact, one little cigarette contains about 7，000 chemicals, 69 of which have been proven to cause cancers. Cigarette smoke without doubt does no good to humans. Worldwide tobacco(烟草) causes 6 million deaths per year, and that means there is one death every 5 seconds.
Cigarettes are made from tobacco leaves. They originally take in all the carbon from the air as they grow. When you smoke them, you’re just
returning the carbon to the air. Thus, cigarettes increase the detrimental chemicals in the air that finally damage the quality of the air. To tell the truth, the air pollution caused by cigarettes is 10 times greater than that by cars.
I have already made sure that smoking pollutes the air, but unfortunately, the damage to the environment does not stop there. It’s estimated that 1.69 billion pounds of cigarette butts(烟头) become rubbish each year. The rubbish can almost be found everywhere, which is the most ignored problem of the cigarettes. About 2 million of these cigarette butts are found in water, which results in the death of some animals. The cigarette butts that are thrown away carelessly can be dangerous to animals both on land and in the water.
The only measure that we can take to improve this situation is to stop smoking and more importantly, to stop littering(乱扔) cigarette butts. Take care of yourself and take care of the environment by putting a stop to smoking.
【解题导语】本文是一篇议论文。

作者主要论述了吸烟对身体及环境的危害并呼吁人们戒烟。

1．What does the author want to show by mentioning the numbers in the first paragraph?
A．Smoking is not easy to ban.
B．Cigarettes are sold well worldwide.
C．People spend too much on smoking each year.
D．Many people haven’t realized the necessity of stopping smoking.
D解析：推理判断题。

根据第一段的Certain countries have taken strict action on smoking by completely banning it. However, people across the world still do not take it seriously.可知，作者在此段用数字论述主要是为了表明：很多人还没有意识到戒烟的必要性。

2．What does the second paragraph mainly talk about?
A．The chemicals included in cigarettes.
B．The health problems caused by smoking.
C．The importance of avoiding smoking passively.
D．The negative effects of smoking on human health.
D解析：段落大意题。

根据第二段的内容可知，本段主要讲的是无论是被动吸烟还是主动吸烟，都会对人的身体造成不利影响。

3．What does the underlined word “detrimental” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A．Rare. B．Harmful.
C．Major. D．Different.
B解析：词义猜测题。

根据第三段画线词后的that finally damage the quality of the air可知，香烟会使空气中“有害的”化学物质增加，这些化学物质最终会破坏空气质量。

4．The most unnoticed problem about cigarettes is that cigarette butts ________．
A．pollute the water
B．cause too much rubbish
C．are dropped everywhere
D．lead to many animals’ death
C解析：细节理解题。

根据第四段的The rubbish can almost be found everywhere, which is the most ignored problem of the cigarettes.可知，每年的烟头垃圾很多，而这些垃圾被乱扔是香烟问题中最容易被忽视的。

Ⅲ完形填空
Nick Prosser, a 28­year­old man from Rotorua, New Zealand, has been stuttering(口吃) for as long as he could remember. But he found a simple way to __1__ his stutter completely by accident, while trying __2__ accents(口音) with a friend, for fun. When he tried the Irish accent, both he and his friend were __3__ because they found that Nick’s stutter __4__. He was able to talk for a long time __5__ stutters at all, which had __6__ happened before. He just couldn’t believe that something so easy could deal with such a __7__ that had greatly affected his __8__ ever since he was a child.
Stuttering may not seem like the most __9__ shortcoming a person could have, but the 28­year­old claims that it had always held him back during ordinary __10__ and even at his jobs. He doesn’t consider himself a(n) __11__ boy. However, he was always __12__ that he sometimes opened his mouth to sa y something and the words just couldn’t __13__. However, now that he has __14__ this treatment, he is much more confident.
Interestingly, Nick has never been to Ireland, but he believes that speaking in an Irish accent comes __15__ to him because of his mother, who __16__ an Irish family. He __17__ people suffering from a similar stutter to try looking at their genealogy(家谱) and speaking in an accent related to it. However, local speech specialist Annette Stock said that she hadn’t heard about this __18__， and that she would be surprised if it still __19__ in six months. “We know that singing certainly helps with people that have a stutter __20__ you can’t just go around singing in your everyday life，” Stock said.
【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。

文章主要讲述了一个饱受口吃困扰多年的新西兰小伙意外地发现尝试爱尔兰口音竟然治好了自己的毛病，他建议口吃的人尝试和自己宗谱有关的语言来治疗口吃。

1．A.treat B．develop
C．study D．hide
A解析：根据下文中的He just couldn’t believe that something so easy could deal with可知，Nick意外地发现了一个治疗(treat)口吃的简单疗法。

2．A.different B．local
C．familiar D．traditional
A解析：根据本空后的accents(口音) with a friend, for fun. When he tried the Irish accent可知，为了好玩，Nick和朋友尝试不同(different)的口音。

3．A.amazed B．confused
C．moved D．concerned
A解析：根据下文的He was able to talk for a long time可推测，他们惊讶地(amazed)发现Nick的口吃消失了。

4．A.worsened B．changed
C．occurred D．disappeared
D解析：根据本空后的He was able to talk for a long time可知，Nick 的口吃消失了(disappeared)。

5．A.despite B．without
C．like D．beyond
B解析：他能在没有(without)口吃的情况下长时间交谈。

6．A.ever B．seldom
C．never D．merely
C解析：Nick饱受口吃困扰多年，他以前从未(never)说话这么流利过。

7．A.problem B．relationship
C．question D．subject
A解析：口吃是影响Nick很多年的一种毛病(problem)。

8．A.confidence B．appearance
C．decisions D．grades
A解析：根据下文中的he is much more confident可知，口吃严重打击他的自信心(confidence)。

9．A.obvious B．serious
C．common D．unavoidable
B解析：根据本空后的shortcoming a person could have, but the 28­year ­old claims that it had always held him back可知，口吃似乎不是一个人可能遇到的最严重的(serious)问题。

10．A.exercises B．improvements
C．conversations D．tasks
C解析：口吃影响最大的当然是会话(conversations)。

11．A.impatient B．unfriendly
C．shy D．proud
C解析：一般来说，口吃是因为害羞，但Nick并不认为自己是个害羞的(shy)人。

12．A.excited B．tired
C．frightened D．upset
D解析：根据本空后的that he sometimes opened his mouth to say something and the words just couldn’t...可知，话到嘴边却说不出来让Nick感到很沮丧(upset)。

13．A.make sense B．come out
C．matter D．spread
B解析：口吃的症状就是话到嘴边却说不出来(come out)。

14．A.invented B．suffered
C．discovered D．abandoned
C解析：根据上文中的But he found a simple way可知，Nick发现(discovered)了一个治疗口吃的方法。

15．A.unlikely B．unluckily C．suddenly D．naturally
D解析：根据本空后的to him because of his mother可知，Nick认为自己天生(naturally)就会说爱尔兰口音是因为他的妈妈。

16．es from B．deals with
C．brings up D．makes up
A解析：他的妈妈来自(comes from)一个爱尔兰家庭。

17．A.warns B．forbids
C．teaches D．advises
D解析：根据本空后的people suffering from a similar stutter to try looking at their genealogy(家谱)可知，Nick建议(advises)有口吃的人去查一查家谱。

18．A.research B．method
C．explanation D．example
B解析：Nick认为说和自己家谱有关的语言是治疗口吃的方法(method)。

19．A.existed B．stopped
C．passed D．worked
D解析：根据本空前的However, local speech specialist Annette Stock said that she hadn’t heard about this...and that she would be surprised if it still...可知，语言学家Annette Stock认为如果Nick的方法在六个月
后依然奏效(worked)的话她会感到很惊讶。

20．A.as B．since
C．but D．for
C解析：根据句意可知，我们知道唱歌肯定有助于那些口吃的人，但你不能在日常生活中天天唱歌，此处是转折关系，故用but连接。

Ⅳ语法填空
Eating dinner at least two hours before bedtime could lower the risk of 1.____________(develop) breast and prostate cancer, new research suggests.
People who ate 2.____________(they) evening meals before 9 pm or 3.____________(wait) two hours after eating before going to sleep were found to have a 20 per­cent decreased risk of cancer
4.____________(compare) to those who ate after 10 pm or close to bedtime.
Researchers from the Barcelona Institute for Global Health found the reason 5.____________ this is that before you go to sleep, your metabolism(新陈代谢) will begin to slow down but eating will make it speed up again. This will influence the hormones(激素) that influence the body’s internal clock, 6.____________ will raise the risk of breast and prostate cancer.
The research is the first to look at the connection between cancer risk 7.____________ the timing of meals, and researchers said it showed the 8.____________(important) of looking at timing in
9.____________(study) on diet and cancer.
While more researches are needed, preparing your meal beforehand is a grea t way 10.____________(make) sure you’re eating as soon as you’re home and not pushing your bedtime back any further.
1．developing解析：考查动词­ing形式作宾语的用法。

设空处作介词of的宾语，故填developing。

2．their解析：考查代词。

设空处作定语修饰限定evening meals，表示“他们的”，故填形容词性物主代词their。

3．waited解析：考查一般过去时。

设空处与ate并列作谓语，表示的动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，故填waited。

4．compared解析：考查过去分词作状语的用法。

设空处所在句意为“与十点之后或临睡前吃晚饭的人相比，那些九点之前吃晚饭或吃饭后两小时再睡觉的人得癌症的风险会降低百分之二十”，compare与people之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故填compared。

5．for/behind解析：考查介词。

reason后跟介词for/behind，表示“……的原因”。

6．which解析：考查关系代词。

设空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子，且在从句中作主语，故填which。

7．and解析：考查连词。

设空处所在部分意为“吃饭时间与患癌症的风险之间的联系”，between...and...意为“……和……之间”。

故填and。

8．importance解析：考查名词。

设空处作宾语，表示“重要性”，故填importance。

importance是不可数名词，无复数形式。

9．studies解析：考查名词复数。

设空处作宾语，表示“研究”，由其后的介词on可知，此处应填名词。

study作“研究”讲时，是可数名词，且此处表示泛指，故填studies。

10．to make解析：考查不定式作定语的用法。

way后常跟不定式作定语，表示“……的方法”。