2020-2021学年长沙市宁乡县第十三中学高三英语一模试卷及答案解析

2020-2021学年长沙市宁乡县第十三中学高三英语一模试卷及答案解
析
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
In his 402nd anniversary year, Shakespeare is still rightly celebrated as a great language master and writer. But he was not the only great master of play writing to die in 1616, and he is certainly not the only writer to have left a lasting influence on theater.
While less known worldwide, Tang Xianzu is considered one of Chinas greatest playwrights and is highly spoken of in that country of ancient literary and dramatic traditions.
Tang was born in 1550 inLinchuan,Jiangxiprovince. Unlike Shakespeare's large body of plays,poems and sonnets (十四行诗), Tang wrote only four major plays: The Purple Hairpin, Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》), A Dream under the Southern bough, and Dream of Handan. The latter three were constructed around a dream narrative, a way through which Tang unlocked the emotional dimension of human desires and ambitions and explored human nature beyond the social and political limits of that time.
Similar to Shakespeare, Tang's success rode the wave of a renaissance (复兴) in theater as an artistic practice. As in Shakespeare'sEngland, Tang's works became hugely popular inChinatoo. During Tang'sChina, his plays were enjoyed performed, and changed. Kunqu Opera, a form of musical drama, spread from southernChinato the whole nation and became a symbol of Chinese culture. Combining northern tune and southern music, kunqu Opera was known for its poetic language, music, dance movements and gestures. Tang's works benefited greatly from the popularity of kunqu Opera, and his plays are considered classics of kunqu Opera.
While Tang and Shakespeare lived in a world away from each other, there are many things they share in common, such e humanity of their drama, their heroic figures, their love for poetic language, a lasting popularity and the anniversary during which we still celebrate them.
1. Why is Shakespeare mentioned in the first paragraph?
A. To describe Shakespeare's anniversary.
B. To introduce the existence of Tang Xianzu.
C. To explain the importance of Shakespeare.
D. To suggest the less popularity of Tang Xianzu.
2. What's possibly one of the main theme of Tang's works?
A. Social reality.
B. Female dreams.
C. Human emotions.
D. Political environment.
3. What does the author mainly tell us in Paragraph 4?
A. The influence of Kunqu Opera on Tang's works.
B. Tang's success in copying Shakespeare's styles.
C. The way Kunqu Opera became a symbol of Chinese culture.
D. Tang's popularity for his poetic language and music.
B
When a United Kingdomsupermarket chain promised to move its farms to Net Zero by 2030, it made it clear that the effort would require working on many different fronts. From energy consumption and land - use change to methane emissions (甲烷排放), cattle farming comes with environmental challenges. So even if recent studies suggesting it's possible to cut methane emissions 80% do turn out to be accurate, there's still a very long way to go for most cattle farming to get anywhere close to truly net zero.
Organic Valley, when producing milk, might be closer to that goal. It made headlines in 2019 by going 100% renewable (可再生的). Now the company is expanding on that tradition by starting a major loan initiative (贷款计划) to help its farm suppliers adopt renewable energy too.
Created with Clean Energy Credit Union, the $ 1 million loan fund will deliver loans at below - marketrates. Specifically, the money will be made available to Organic Valley's 1, 700 farmer members, and can be used for a variety of projects.
“We are focused on a whole systems approach to renewable energy, and I'm excited to launch this energy loan fund. From the farm to the shelf, I see renewable energy playing a bigger role in organic food,” said Bob Kirchoff, Organic Valley CEO.
“Organic Valley is already helping to protect the environment through organic farming practices, and now they re going one step further by supporting the introduction of renewable energy projects for their farmer members,” said Blake Jones, volunteer board chair of Clean Energy Credit Union. “In addition to the environmental benefits, we re eager to help family farmers throughout the world to lower their energy costs.”
The world is not short of examples of farmers innovating in the field of renewable energy. What's encouraging about Organic Valley's announcement is the idea of a national brand putting its marketing and financing weight behind such efforts and, hopefully, creating consumer demand that pushes the rest of the
industry in this direction too.
4. What does paragraph 1 indicate about going net zero for cattle farming?
A It is not easy to achieve B. It is common in the UK
C. It is an impractical goal
D. It meets no challenges
5. What is Organic Valley's tradition according to the text?
A. Helping farm suppliers
B. Using renewable energy
C. Having a loan initiative
D. Making headlines annually
6. What is Organic Valley's initiative mainly intended to do?
A. Reform organic farming practices
B. Make use of environmental benefits
C. Help farmers decrease energy costs
D. Shrink the group of farmer members
7. What is the author's attitude towards Organic Valley's initiative?
A. Worried
B. Doubtful
C. Ambiguous
D. Positive
C
“One person’s trash is another person’s treasure.” That’s a common expression, but the next time you throw something away, think about a twist on the old saying. What if your trash could become your own treasure? Many creative, thrifty, and environmentally minded people have come up with a way to makethathappen. It’s called upcycling. Our world would be a better place if everyone would begin upcycling.
Upcycling is the practice of taking an unwanted item and turning it into something useful. For example, how about that pair of jeans with a hole in one knee? It could become a new pillow for your bedroom.
Upcycling is not the same as recycling. Upcycling is actually much better for the environment. Recycling takes an item made of glass, paper, metal, or plastic, breaks it down to its base material, and then uses that material to make another product. This requires a great deal of energy. On the other hand, when you choose to upcycle, the only energy you use is your own. And upcycling not only reduces the amount of trash that goes into our landfills, but it also protects natural resources, such as oil and gas. Recycling is good for the environment, but upcycling is even better.
Upcycling also makes a family’s budget stretch further. Of course, the idea of reusing items to save money is not new. During the Great Depression in the 1930s, many families lived on a tight budget. People had to use what they already had in order to meet their needs.
As responsible citizens, we should all be concerned with protecting our environment and budgeting our resources. Upcycling is a fun and creative way to help. The next time you go to toss something into the trash can,
stop and think about what it could become. Chances are, there’s a brand-new item in your hand just waiting to be upcycled.
8. Why does the author mention an old saying in the first paragraph?
A. To arise reader’s awareness of upcycling.
B. To stress the importance of upcycling.
C. To lead in the topic of upcycling.
D. To show the idea of upcycling.
9. Which one below belongs to upcycling?
A. An old ladder is transformed into a bookshelf.
B. Old tin cans are transported to landfill.
C. A broken wooden door is chopped up.
D. Old cloth is made into a paper bed.
10. What is the difference between recycling and upcycling?
A. Upcycling is much more creative.
B. Recycling is much easier to achieve.
C. Recycling is much more cost-saving.
D. Upcycling is much more energy-efficient.
11. What can be inferred from the text?
A. Upcycling is popular at present.
B. Upcycling is replacing recycling.
C. Upcycling is worth recommending.
D. Upcycling is a tradition in daily life.
D
Who is a genius? This question has greatly interested humankind for centuries.
Let's state clearly: Einstein was a genius. His face is almost the international symbol for genius. But we want to go beyond one man and explore the nature of genius itself. Why is it that some people are so much more intelligent or creative than the rest of us? And who are they?
In the sciences and arts, those praised as geniuses were most often white men, of European origin. Perhaps this is not a surprise. It's said that history is written by the victors, and those victors set the standards for admission to the genius club. When contributions were made by geniuses outside the club—women, or people of
a different color1 or belief—they were unacknowledged and rejected by others.
A study recently published bySciencefound that as young as age six, girls are less likely than boys to say that members of their gender(性别)are “really, really smart.” Even worse, the study found that girls act on that belief: Around age six they start to avoid activities said to be for children who are “really, really smart.” Can our planet afford to have any great thinkers become discouraged and give up? It doesn't take a genius to know the answer: ly not.
Here's the good news. In a wired world with constant global communication, we're all positioned to see flashes of genius wherever they appear. And the more we look, the more we will see that social factors(因素)like gender, race, and class do not determine the appearance of genius. As a writer says, future geniuses come from those with “intelligence, creativity, perseverance(毅力), and simple good fortune, who are able to change the world.”
12. Whatdoes the author think of victors' standards for joining the genius club?
A. They're unfair.
B. They're conservative.
C. They're objective.
D. They're strict.
13. What can we infer about girls from the study inScience?
A. They think themselves smart.
B. They look up to great thinkers.
C. They see gender differences earlier than boys.
D. They are likely to be influenced by social beliefs
14. Why are more geniuses known to the public?
A. Improved global communication.
B. Less discrimination against women.
C.Acceptance of victors' concepts.
D. Changes in people's social positions.
15. What is the best title for the text?
A. Geniuses Think Alike
B. Genius Takes Many Forms
C. Genius and Intelligence
D. Genius and Luck
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项Hand gestures can be used to communicate while speaking. There are many universal hand signs; such as
holding up an index finger to speak or interrupt, putting a finger to the lips to ask for silence.___16___. But there are some hand gestures that might mean something different in another country.
Many differences.
___17___. This gesture consists of creating a circle with the thumb and index finger with other fingers extended. In most of the English-speaking cultures, it means ‘ok’. In Australia it means ‘zero’while in many Western countries it actually means‘three’and in China it is a way to indicate‘seven’.
Gestures with variation.
This sign has the index and middle finger extend up to make a‘V’. But there is a big difference in its meaning depending on which way the palm is facing. Palm Facing Out:___18___Palm Facing In: The sign is an insult similar to giving the middle finger, particularly in the UK and South Africa.
Harmless or offensive?
In the USA, the gesture of using your index finger to beckon someone to come to you is not a welcome gesture in Asia. In the Philippines, this should only be used to beckon dogs.___19___.
___20___
Of course it helps to prepare before you visit a country. But if you forget or make a sign out of habit, just remember to smile and apologize. And perhaps with an explanation, most people will be understanding.
A. Prepare and take care.
B The masters of hand gestures.
C. There are so many well-known gestures.
D. It is highly offensive to use it with humans.
E. Originally this sign communicated Victory.
F. These are generally understood all over the world.
G. The following gesture has more than just one alternative meaning.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项One day, in ancient Greece, the great philosopher Socrates was walking leisurely around a community garden.
A neighbor walked up to him and said, “You are never in a million years going to____21____what I just heard about one of our neighbors…”
“Wait,” the great wise man____22____. “Before you continue with this story, your words must____23____the triple filter (三重过滤) test.” The neighbor was____24____and stared at him with a blank
expression. Socrates told her that the first filter was to check the____25____of the story. The second filter was to____26____whether what she was about to say was good anyway. Before he could finish his____27____, Socrates asked the woman, “Is what you want to share useful?” The neighbor thought for a moment and then said, “No, I____28____it is not really…” “So, do you want to____29____something with me that may not be true, is probably not good, and is not_____30_____?” Socrates asked. The neighbor wordlessly._____31_____. “Well, you have no good reason to tell me this_____32_____, and you have no good reason to believe it yourself,” Socrates added, as the neighbor walked away_____33_____.
In reality, every single day, we_____34_____much time and energy in gossip (流言蜚语). Especially nowadays, many of us_____35_____social media in order to know something that is far from what is true, good and useful. But the mind-numbinggossip_____36_____wastes our time and even does harm to us. So don't fall into the_____37_____of being disturbed by gossip. Instead, we should take Socrates'_____38_____and simply focus on something that is true, good, and useful. It was_____39_____to people a couple thousand years ago, and I_____40_____you that it continues to work well for many people today.
21. A. observe B. discuss C. notice D. believe
22. A. interrupted B. paused C. continued D. repeated
23. A. witness B. pass C. mark D. illustrate
24. A. disappointed B. kind-hearted C. confused D. excited
25. A. value B. theory C. appearance D. truth
26. A. look through B. find out C. talk about D. take out
27. A. question B. debate C. lesson D. task
28. A. indicate B. confirm C. understand D. suppose
29. A. leave B. compare C. share D. connect
30. A. common B. advantageous C. attractive D. possible
31. A. nodded B. ignored C. stopped D. cried
32. A. joke B. lie C. legend D. story
33. A. secretly B. confidently C. embarrassedly D. cautiously
34. A. turn B. invest C. introduce D. push
35. A. make use of B. make up for C. take care of D. take notice of
36. A. also B. only C. still D. ever
37. A. promise B. battle C. trap D. expectation
38. A. advice B. proverb C. request D. proof
39. A. beneficial B. safe C. close D. familiar
40. A. encourage B. recommend C. remind D. guarantee
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Wushu, widely___41.___(know) as Chinese Kungfu, will make its debut (初次亮相) as an official sport at the Youth Olympic Games held in Dakar, Senegal in October, 2022. It is intended for those___42.___love this kind of martial art deeply.
With a long history and deep roots in our traditions, Wushu unites the body and spirit. China wishes to share these qualities with the world. It is a long-held___43.___(expect). The International Wushu Federation applied to the International Olympic Games (IOC) in 2001, 2008 and 2011,___44.___failed each time.
In the past few years, Chinese Wushu Association___45.___(contribute) a lot to the promotion of Wushu. Besides, the government not only provides technical support,___46.___(regular) sending experts to the International Wushu Federation, but also provides___47.___large amount of Wushu equipment free of charge. Every year, many local groups are sent abroad to put on performances and shows, whose aim is___48.___(improve) the influence of Wushu. Due to their efforts, Wushu has been viewed as an effective way to___49.___(strength) the body, and has gained a great popularity among the youths.
China’s effort to get Wushu recognized as an official Olympic event speeds up its internationalization. In 2020, a total of 48____50.____(athlete) from across the world will compete in four Wushu event: men’s and women’s Changquan and men’s and women’s Taijiquan.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧ ），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Miss Yang is one of my neighbor. As a young child he never got any pocket money from her parents, but she could earn a little by do small jobs around the neighborhood. Like most young people she dreamt being rich and
famous, but she made her dream to come true. She’s now very rich, but she remembered where she came from. She has given away the lot of money over the years to setting up schools and to help poor families. She says, “For me it’s just a little money, but for much of these people it’s the difference between life or death.”
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.阅读下列短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

We shouldn't judge a person by their appearance but we do. In fact, the experts say that when we meet someone for the first time we make a decision about what that person is like in three seconds. But what do we look at? One of the most important things is clothes, but it isn't the brand of clothes that people wear that is important. The important thing is to wear the right clothes for the occasion.
Schools have always understood this and a lot of them ask their students to wear a uniform. Why? A lot of teachers think a uniform makes students feel that they are part of their school and that their uniform helps them to be serious about their studies. Teachers say that uniforms can help in other ways too. If all the students wear uniforms, they can't judge each other because of their clothes. It also avoids arguments about who or what is fashionable.
However，it is not only schools that want people to dress in a certain way. We all have fixed ideas about what the people in a certain profession should wear. If we visit a doctor，we expect to see respectable clothes under the doctor's white coat. When we go into a bank we expect the staff to wear suits or dresses. Police officers wear uniforms to deter crime by establishing a visible presence while on patrol. In fact, a lot of companies have dress codes for their staff because they know that the customers expect to see them dressed in certain types of clothes.
But can our clothes really tell people what we are like? Maybe not，but they can show our attitude to what we are doing at the moment. When people see us in the right clothes，they think we are serious about what we are doing. Furthermore, if we are clean, smart and polite, people will have confidence in us.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________
参考答案
1. B
2. C
3. A
4. A
5. B
6. C
7. D
8. C 9. A 10. D 11. C
12. A 13. D 14. A 15. B
16. F 17. G 18. E 19. D 20. A
21. D 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. D 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. A 32.
D 33. C 34. B 35. A 36. B 37. C 38. A 39. A 40. D
41. known
42. who 43. expectation
44. but 45. has contributed
46. regularly
47. a 48. to improve
49. strengthen
50. athletes
51.(1). neighbor → neighbors
(2). he → she
(3). do → doing
(4). dreamt后加of
(5). 去掉to
(6). remembered → remembers
(7). the → a
(8). setting → set
(9). much → many
(10). or → and
52.略。