英语(专科起点本科)D卷试卷

(5) The research with recordings of contact calls shows ____. （2分） （答题时限：00:00:30）
A.how fast elephants form into groups
B.how important the age of a leading elephant is
C.A wise elephant.
D.A large elephant.
★检查答案标准答案：B
(2) When do elephants form into a group? （2分） （答题时限：00:00:30）
A.When they are feeding the young.
Elephants announce their presence by making a deep, low sound, a practice referred to as contact calling (联络呼叫). An unfamiliar call may mean that an elephant from outside the family group is nearby. A stranger can cause trouble, interrupting feeding or disturbing the young. So an elephant matriarch signals the family to gather around her; then they all lift their trunks in the air to smell the unfamiliar caller. False alarms can disturb the group and take time and energy away from feeding, so survival may depend in part on getting it right.
B.How to deal with culture shock.
C.The harmful effects of culture shock.
D.Different types of culture shock.
★检查答案标准答案：A
(2) The word transitory (Para. 3) is closest in meaning to ____. （2分） （答题时限：00:00:30）
Second, culture shock, like other kinds of “shock”, is normally transitory. It passes with time.
Academic analysts of the culture shock idea point out that the experience of culture shock need not be negative. While there may be some unhappiness and unpleasantness along with the confusion and disorientation, the confusion and disorientation are necessary steps in learning about a new culture. If everything in the new place is just like home, no learning will come from being there.
C.how frightened elephants are when hearing a strange call
D.how frequently old elephants call other members of the family
★检查答案标准答案：B
2.
Culture shock can be described as the feeling of confusion and disorientation (迷茫) that one experiences when faced with a large number of new and unfamiliar people and situations. Many things contribute to it --- smells, sounds, flavors, the very feeling of the air one is breathing. Of course, the natives’ unfamiliar language and behavior contribute to it too. People’s responses to culture shock vary greatly, from excitement and energetic action to withdrawal, depression, physical illness, and hostility. A particular individual might react to culture shock one way one day and another the next.
Karen McComb, a biologist in England, tested the social knowledge of 21 Amboseli elephant families with matriarchs 27 to 67 years old. She found that the oldest matriarchs were much better at picking out unfamiliar calls. In fact, a group with a matriarch in her fifties was several thousand times more likely to form into a group upon hearing an unfamiliar contact call than when hearing a familiar call. However, families with younger matriarchs were less than twice as likely to gather together upon hearing an unfamiliar contact call. And they gathered together a lot. Moreover, the social knowledge of older matriarchs translated into favorable results: Families with older matriarchs produced more baby elephants in each female-reproductive year.
A.not lasting long
B.not traveling a long distance
C.happening at a particular stage
D.involving different people
★检查答案标准答案：A
(3) We may conclude from the second paragraph that ____. （2分） （答题时限：00:00:30）
（10分） （答题时限：00:01:00）
(1) What does the underlined word “matriarch” mean? （2分） （答题时限：00:00:30）
A.An old member of an elephant family.
B.A female head of an elephant family.
B.When they see a familiar elephant.
C.When they are giving birth to baby elephants.
D.When the leading elephant gives out a warning.
★检查答案标准答案：D
A.the stronger she will be
B.the poorer memory she will have
C.the more useless her tusks will be
D.the more likely she will be killed
★检查答案标准答案：D
（10分） （答题时限：00:01:00）
(1) Which of the following best summarizes the topic of the passage? （2分） （答题时限：00:00:30）
A.The nature of culture shock and its causes.
As elephants age, they continue to grow larger, as do their much wanted tusks (象牙). So the older and wiser a matriarch is, the greater the chance she will be killed.
英语(专科起点本科)D卷试卷
一. 阅读理解 （共20题,共40分）
1.
Elephants don't forget —- at least, female elephants don't. Elephant families are matriarchal. And the social knowledge gained by the oldest females is the key to a family group's survival.