喜福会的论文提纲

However, due to the maternal love of the Joy Luck Club mothers, the mothers and daughters finally understand each other. The maternal love in the Joy Luck Club helps the daughters understand their mothers; furthermore, its significance lies in that it serves as a bridge of cultural understanding between Chinese culture and American culture.
小说描写了四位性格、命运各异的中国女性抛却国难家仇，移居美国，以及她们各自在美国出生、成长的女儿的生活经历。作为第一代移民的母亲们虽已身在异国，却仍是彻头彻尾的中国女性，国难家仇可以抛在身后，却无法抛却与祖国的血脉亲情。而在美国出生的女儿们，虽然外表看来与母亲非常相像，却是在迥异于中华故国的价值观与环境下成长起来的，并不得不亲身承受两种文可奈何的隔膜怨恨，既互相关心又互相伤害……不过，超越了一切的仍是共同的中华母亲，是血浓于水的母女深情。
喜福会论文
The Cultural Conflicts and Blending Embodied in the Joy Luck Club
第一部分介绍作品
《喜福会》是著名美国籍华裔女作家谭恩美的处女作，作者在小说中主要描述了四对移民母女的关系和她们之间由于文化的差异而引起的冲突，小说以全球化时代和美国多元文化社会为背景，呈现了4对母女由误会，冲突到理解的过程。在全球化环境下中国面临很多发展的机遇，但更多的是文化的挑战。随着全球化的加剧，中国文化面临一种被融化，被改变的危险。本文通过对《喜福会》文本及其所透视出的文化冲突与融合的分析，说明在全球化环境中，应该在不同文化中找到一个平衡点，并以正确的态度来对待文化冲突，同时不要轻易否定母文化，在向全世界学习其他优秀文化的时候，也要向他们传播中国传统文化。
I. Conflicts Between Mothers and Daughters in the Joy Luck Club
Conflict is the main plot in the Joy Luck Club. Because the two generations are born and grow up in different cultural environments, the Joy Luck Club mothers and their daughters have many conflicts. The mothers are deeply influenced by the traditional Chinese culture, while their daughters are born and get educated in the United States, whose culture is a completely different one. Thus the Joy Luck Club mothers and daughter can never understand each other. The daughters at first have a strong prejudice against their mothers and the Chinese culture. Born in the United States and brought up in American mainstream culture, they inevitably hold a prejudice against their mothers and the Chinese culture. They believe that American culture is superior to Chinese culture. In their eyes, their mothers symbolize backwardness and ignorance. They are dissatisfied with their mothers who use toothpick in public. They are ashamed of their mothers who open jars to smell the insides in grocery stores and they are angry with their mothers who like to use them to show off. Naturally the four daughters try to identify themselves with American mainstream culture. Both Rose and Lena marry Americans or what their mothers call Waiguoren. They admire the Americans and their culture so much that they are willing to make sacrifice for their American husbands. Waverly thinks that her mother’s Chinese outlook would make her lose face when she attends her wedding, so she conspires with her beauty parlor to dress up her mother in an American style. The Joy Luck Club mothers intervene so much in their daughters’ life that the daughters feel their mothers’ love is not embracing but suffocating. Waverly, a chess prodigy thinks she has grown cleverer than her mother who gives her “invisible strength.” Lena fears being drawn into her mother’s madness and consoles herself by imagining others who have a life worse than hers. Rose, whose mother cannot let go of the memory of her son who drowned, now believes that by hoping for less, one isn’t vulnerable to loss. And June believes it is her mother’s impossibly high expectations that make her feel that even today, she is a failure.
Through the stories of the Joy Luck Club, the secret-laden lives of four Chinese immigrant mothers and their American-born daughters are shown in front of the readers. The daughters reject their mothers’ seemingly constant criticism of everything they choose, from husbands to hairdos. They view their mothers’ warnings as irrelevant, and their advice as intrusive. The daughters do not know what has inspired their warnings and advice: the hardships their mothers suffered in China before coming to the United States. Thus, as the mothers see it, their daughters are flailing in their modern American circumstances, unable to use what is “in their bones,” the family’s inheritance of pain that led to their determined strength for survival, which their mothers try to bequeath them. The mothers, meanwhile, watch with heartache as their daughters’ marriages fail, as they expect less and less and so accept less and less. Conflicts have become something that prevents the understanding and communication between mothers and daughters. In fact, all the conflicts are caused by cultural differences. The Joy Luck Club mothers have accepted and been deeply influenced by Chinese culture, while their daughters are born and grow up in the United States and know little about Chinese culture. What they have accepted is the American mainstream culture which is somehow contradictory with Chinese culture.