if引导的条件句中的虚拟语气
if条件状语从句的虚拟语气
if条件状语从句的虚拟语气推荐文章if条件状语从句的虚拟语气题目热度:关于救火的表扬信格式范文热度:专题辅导:高二英语虚拟语气用法指导及主谓一致练习题热度:高二英语学习:怎样提高英语成绩及虚拟语气讲解热度:高二英语语法虚拟语气专题练习及说明文写作模板热度:if 条件状语从句是英语中的一个难点,那么if 条件状语从句的虚拟语气又是怎么回事呢?下面是店铺为你整理的if 条件状语从句的相关资料,希望大家喜欢!if 条件状语从句的虚拟语气一.基本结构1. 与现在事实相反If + 主语+were/ did/ were doing, 主语+should/ would/ could/ might +动词原形强调:必须把上面的结构套用对!2. 与过去事实相反If + 主语+ had done, 主语 +should/would/ might/ could + have done.强调:必须把上面的结构套用对!3. 与将来事实相反If + 主语 + were/ did/ were to do/ should do, 主语+ should/ would/ could/ might do强调:必须把上面的结构套用对!第三个结构中,从句中的were to do可能性最小,should do的可能性稍大。
二.变化1. 错综时间条件句所谓错综,就是结构和我们的基本结构不一致,出现了从句用与过去事实相反,而主句则为与现在事实相反或与将来事实相反。
那么,我们就分别用各自的结构即可。
If + 主语+had done, 主语 +would/should/ could/ might do再将强调结构必须正确。
我们对比下面两个句子:If you had studied harder then, yoursituation would have been better.If you had studied harder then, yoursituation would be better now.注意:在错综时间条件句中,务必有明确的表示错综的时间状语,或者通过上下文能看出是时间的不同,否则,就必须按前面的基本结构套用。
虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法(if条件句)
在写作中的应用
创作文学作品中
在创作小说、诗歌等文学作品时, 虚拟语气可以用来表达虚构的情 节和角色情感,增强作品的情感
色彩和艺术效果。
撰写学术论文
在撰写学术论文时,使用虚拟语 气可以表达假设的情景或条件, 例如在讨论不同政策或方案的影
响时。
写邮件和信件
在写邮件或信件时,使用虚拟语 气可以表达礼貌和尊重,例如在
在撰写商务广告和宣传材料时,使用虚拟语气可以增强语 言的感染力和说服力,例如“假如您正在寻找更好的产品 ,那么您来对了地方。”
感谢您的观看
THANKS
if条件句中的虚拟语气与时间状语从句的时态不一致
总结词
当if条件句中的虚拟语气与时间状语从句的时态不一致 时,通常是为了强调或表达与时间状语从句相反的情 况。
详细描述
在英语语法中,当if条件句中的虚拟语气与时间状语从 句的时态不一致时,通常是为了强调或表达与时间状语 从句相反的情况。这种用法能够使句子更加生动和富有 表现力,突出说话者对某个特定时间点的态度或情感。 例如,在句子"If I had known the answer yesterday, I would have told you."中,虚拟语气"had known" 与时间状语从句的时态"yesterday"不一致,强调了说 话者对过去的遗憾或后悔。
虚拟语气在条件状语从 句中的用法(if条件句)
目录
CONTENTS
• 虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的基本结构 • 虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法 • 虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的特殊情况 • 虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的实际应用
01 虚拟语气在条件状语从句 中的基本结构
if引导的条件状语从句和虚拟语气的区别word版本
if引导的条件状语从句和虚拟语气的区别word版本1.if引导的条件状语从句和虚拟语气的区别if引导的条件状语从句所引导的是原因状语,可以是现实生活中已经出现的真实事件或有可能出现的事情,发生的可能性较大。
而虚拟语气所引导的往往是非真实的,对于过去,现在或将来的虚拟或推断,发生的可能性较小,或已经不可能发生了可以从2个角度去区分:1。
时态A,由if引导的条件状语从句通常都是主句为一般将来时,从句为一般现在时。
B,而在虚拟语气中,时态都是有很多,往往都是根据句子的含义判断,究竟是与现在,过去还是将来的事实相反。
2。
真实与非真实A,由if引导的条件状语从句一般都是真实的,只要所谓的条件成立,一定会成为事实B,但虚拟语气并非如此,if,既然是虚拟,就一定是非真实的,可以根据句意判断其是...条件状语从句连接词主要有 if, unless, as/so long as, on condition that 等。
if 引导的条件句有真实条件句和非真实条件句两种。
unless = if not. 例如:Let's go out for a walk unless you are too tired. 如果不太累,我们去散散步。
If you are not too tied, let's go out for a walk.You will be late ___ you leave immediately.A. unlessB. untilC. ifD. or答案A。
句意:除非你立即走,否则你就回迟到的。
可转化为If you don't leave immediately, you will be late。
B、D句意不对,or 表转折,句子如为 You leave immediately or you will be late.虚拟语气1)虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想,所说的是一个条件,不一定是事实,或与事实相反。
高中英语if条件虚拟语气
英语动词有三种语气:陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气(用来表示说的话不是事实,或者是不太可能发生的情况,而是一种愿望,建议,假设的语气叫虚拟语气。
)虚拟语气的考点:1•条件句中的虚拟语气的用法;2.条件句中虚拟语气的倒装;3•名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法;4•几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法;5.虚拟语气时态的判定。
一、If引导的虚拟条件句区别:If it rains tomorrow,the crops will be saved.陈述语气If it rained tomorrow,the crops would be saved.虚拟语气真实条件状语从句与非真实条件状语从句真:eg .If he doesn' hurry up, he will miss the bus.如果他不快点,他将错过巴士。
(真实条件状语)(不是虚拟语气)If he is free, he will ask me to tell stories.如果他是空闲的,他会要求我讲故事。
(真实条件状语)(不是虚拟语气)非真:eg. If I were you, I would go at once.如果我是你,我马上就会去。
(非真实条件状语从句)二、虚拟语气在条件从句中:【例句】1.If you had come a few minutes earlier,you would have met him.要是你早来几分钟的话,你就能见到他了。
(与过去事实相反)2.lf it were sunny tomorrow, i would come to see you.明天要是天气好的话,我来看你。
(与将来事实可能相反)3.lf i were you, i would go at once.假如我是你的话,我会马上走。
(与现在事实相反,事实上我不可能是你)主从句的谓语形式(一)与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句表示与现在事实相反的情况,例 1.lf I were you, I would take an umbrella.如果我是你,我会带把伞。
虚拟语气在if条件从句中的用法
虚拟语气在if条件从句中的用法在if 引导的虚拟条件句中,若表示与现在事实相反,从句谓语用“动词过去式(be 的过去式用were ),主句谓语用“would(should, could, might)+have+过去分词”;若表示与将来事实相反,从句谓语用“动词过去式(were to +动词原形,should+动词原形)”,主句谓语用“would(should, could, might)+动词原形”。
若把从句中were, should 或had移到句首,可省略从句的连词 if 并使用倒装语序.① If my lawyer ___here last Saturday ,he ____me from going.(NMET’89)A. had been ;would have preventedB. had been ; would preventC. were ;would preventD. were;would have prevented②---If he ____,he ____that food.--Luckily he was sent to the hospital imme diately.(MET’93)A. was warned ;would not takeB. had been warned ;would not have takenC. would be warned; had not takenD. would have been warned; had not taken③I didn’t see your sister at the meeting .If she ___,she would have met my brother.(NMET’94)A. has comeB. did comeC. cameD. had come④____it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge.(1994,上海)A. WereB. shouldC. WouldD. Will2.考查通过上下文或介词短语表示虚拟条件的虚拟语气的用法在英语中,有时假设的条件不是通过if 条件句表达出来,而是通过上下文或without, but for 等介词构成的短语表达,其谓形式要根据所假设的时间,与if 从句所表达的时间对应,确定主句谓语形式。
if引导的虚拟条件句
if引导的虚拟条件句1、虚拟语气If引导的真实条件句(16):1.主将从现Ifsheshowsup,we’llstickwithher.I’llgiveyouacallifanything comesup.语法深化I’llkickyououtifdon’tlistentome.2.主祈从现Catchmeifyoucan.Lovemeifyoudare.Ifhecomes,heisgoingtobringh isviolin.虚拟语气If引导的虚拟条件句:1.与如今事实相反的假设条件从句主句一般过去时should(wouldcould)+动词原形语法深化假如我是你,我不会让他走。
=If2、Iwereyou,Iwouldnotlethimgo.假如我能飞,你就抓不到我。
=IfIcouldfly,youwouldnotcatchme.虚拟语气If引导的虚拟条件句:2.与将来事实相反的假设条件从句主句一般过去时should(wouldcould)+动词原形动词原型语法深化Wereto+Should+动词原型Ifyoushouldsucceed,everythingwouldbeallright.Ifyouweretosuc ceed,everythingwouldbeallright.虚拟语气If引导的虚拟条件句:3.与过去事实相反的假设条件从句3、主句Haddonewould,should,could+havedone语法深化Ifhehadcomeyesterday,Ishould/wouldhavetoldhimaboutit.Ifheha dnotbeenillandmissedmanyclasses,hewouldhavemadegreaterprogr ess.虚拟语气If引导的虚拟条件句:4.混合虚拟语气Ifyou_______himyesterday,you______whattodonow.(ask,know)语法深化〔从句与过去事实相反,主句与如今事实相反。
if 条件句虚拟语气
if 条件句虚拟语气虚拟语气是英语语法中的一种特殊语气,用来表示与事实相反或假设的情况。
在if条件句中,虚拟语气通常用来表达非真实的、假设的情况。
本文将列举10个以if条件句虚拟语气为主题的例子,并对其进行详细解释。
1. If I were rich, I would travel around the world.如果我很富有,我会环游世界。
解释:这个句子中的虚拟语气表达了对现实情况的假设,暗示说我并不富有,因此无法实现环游世界的愿望。
2. If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.如果我学得更努力,我就能通过考试了。
解释:这个句子中的虚拟语气表示对过去情况的假设,暗示说我没有努力学习,所以没有通过考试。
3. If I had a time machine, I would go back to the past and change some things.如果我有一台时间机器,我会回到过去改变一些事情。
解释:这个句子中的虚拟语气表达了对现实情况的假设,暗示说我没有时间机器,因此无法改变过去的事情。
4. If I were the president, I would make education free for all.如果我是总统,我会让教育对所有人免费。
解释:这个句子中的虚拟语气表达了对现实情况的假设,暗示说我并不是总统,所以无法实现让教育免费的目标。
5. If it didn't rain tomorrow, we could go hiking.如果明天不下雨,我们可以去远足。
解释:这个句子中的虚拟语气表达了对未来情况的假设,暗示说明天可能会下雨,所以无法去远足。
6. If I had known you were coming, I would have prepared a meal for you.如果我知道你要来,我会为你准备一顿饭。
(完整版)if虚拟语气
英语动词有三种语气:陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气(用来表示说的话不是事实,或者是不太可能发生的情况,而是一种愿望,建议,假设的语气叫虚拟语气。
)虚拟语气的考点:1.条件句中的虚拟语气的用法;2.条件句中虚拟语气的倒装;3.名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法;4.几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法;5.虚拟语气时态的判定。
一、If引导的虚拟条件句区别:If it rains tomorrow,the crops will be saved. 陈述语气If it rained tomorrow,the crops would be saved。
虚拟语气真实条件状语从句与非真实条件状语从句真:eg 。
If he doesn't hurry up, he will miss the bus.如果他不快点,他将错过巴士.( 真实条件状语)(不是虚拟语气)If he is free,he will ask me to tell stories.如果他是空闲的,他会要求我讲故事。
(真实条件状语)(不是虚拟语气)非真:eg。
If I were you,I would go at once。
如果我是你,我马上就会去。
(非真实条件状语从句)二、虚拟语气在条件从句中:【例句】1。
If you had come a few minutes earlier,you would have met him。
要是你早来几分钟的话,你就能见到他了。
(与过去事实相反)2.If it were sunny tomorrow,i would come to see you.明天要是天气好的话,我来看你。
(与将来事实可能相反)3.If i were you,i would go at once.假如我是你的话,我会马上走.(与现在事实相反,事实上我不可能是你)主从句的谓语形式(一)与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句表示与现在事实相反的情况,例1。
If I were you, I would take an umbrella.如果我是你,我会带把伞。
if虚拟语气
If虚拟语气一、虚拟语气在条件句中的用法If引导出的条件句中使用虚拟语气时,表示所说的话是非真实的,是一种假设。
通常有三种情况,与现在事实相反;与过去的事实相反;与将来的事实相反。
1[/B]、[/B]if从句表示与想在的事实相反的假设时,从句的谓语动词用一般过去时([/B] be一般用[/B]were),主句用[/B]would/should/could/might+[/B]动词原形[/B][/B] If we had enough money, we would buy a computerIf I were you,I would take her advice.If places were a like,there would be little need for geographers.如果各个地方都一样,就不需要地理学家了。
Our life would be better if there were no examination.2[/B]、[/B]if[/B]从句表示与过去事实相反的假设时,从句的谓语动词用过去完成时,主语用[/B]would/should/could/might+have+[/B]过去分词[/B][/B]If I had worked harder at school,I would have got a better job.If he had know your address yesterday,he would have telephoned you.We might have arrived here eariler if we had taken a taxi.If it had not been for you help, I would have failed again.3[/B]、[/B]If[/B]从句表示与将来事实可能相反的假设时,从句的谓语动词用一般过去时,[/B]were to do[/B]或[/B]should+[/B]动词原形,主句用[/B]would/should/could/ might+[/B]动词原形[/B][/B]If it rained tomorrow,we would put off the sports meet.If he were to leave today,he would get there by Friday.If she should fail again,we would not blame her.【注】(1)有时从句假设过去,而主句假设现在,这时从句用过去完成时,而主句用would/sh ould/could/might+动词原形。
虚拟语气在if条件状语从句中的用法
错综条件句
虚拟条件句中,结果主句和条件从句的谓语动 作若不是同时发生时,虚拟语气的形式应作相 应的调整.这种条件句叫错综条件句.
①从句的动作与过去事实相反,而主句的动 作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符.〔假如 过去... 现在就会... 过去和现在都是与实 际不符的 eg:
表示对将来情况的虚拟
▪ 从句:①if+主语+were to do
▪
②if+主语+should+do
▪
③if+主语+过去式〔be动词用were
▪ 主句:主语+should/would/might/could+动词原形
▪ 1.If he should come here tomorrow,I would talk to him.
▪ 如果他明天来这儿的话,我就跟他谈谈.〔事实:来的可能性很小,不可能
▪ 2.If there were a heavy snow next Sunday,we would not go
skating.
▪ 如果下周日下大雪,我们就不能去滑冰了.〔事实:下雪可能性很小,不可 能
▪ 3.If she were to be here next Monday,I would tell her about the
matter.
▪ 如果她下周一来这儿的话,我就会告诉她这件事的始末.〔事实:来的可 能性很小,不可能
表示对过去情况的虚拟
▪ 从句:If+主语+过去完成时 ▪ 主句:主语+should/would/might/could+have done ▪ 1. If I had got there earlier,I should/would have met her. 如果我早
if引导的条件句中的虚拟语气
if引导的条件句中的虚拟语气虚拟语气表示一种不能实现的假设。
该语法主要用于if条件状语从句。
一、if引导的条件状语从句的分类及虚拟条件句的判断1、可以把条件句分为两类:1).真实条件句(Sentences of Real Condition):凡是假设的情况发生性可能很大,就是真实条件句。
例如:⑴、If I have tim e , I will help you with this work.如果我有时间会帮助你做此工作的。
(2)、If time permits, we'll go fishing together.(如果有时间的话,我们就一起去钓鱼。
)2).虚拟条件句(Sentences of Unreal Condition):当假设是不大可能实现时,就是虚拟条件句。
例如:⑴、If I were you , I w ould have attended the meeting. 如果我是你的话,就去参加会议了。
⑵、If he had come here yesterday, he would have seen his old friend.假如他昨天来这儿的话,就会看见他的老朋友。
⑴、If it had rained yesterday, we would have stayed at home.(如果昨天下雨的话,我们就会留在家里。
)2、.if条件状语从句中虚拟语气的判断判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。
只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。
通过句子意思,看假设的条件是否能够实现,能够实现是真实条件句,不能使用虚拟语气;假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句,要用虚拟语气。
判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。
通常有三种情况:①与过去事实相反。
②与现在事实相反。
③与将来事实可能相反。
3、“后退一步法”后退一步法是指在准确地判断了该句与哪一事实相反后,按虚拟语气的后退一步法处理从句谓语动词的时态。
if引导的条件问句与虚拟语气
I wish he would answer my letter.
I wish prices would come down.
I wish you would help me.
I wish you would stop asking silly questions.
4. 省略if 采用倒装语序的条件句。有时可以把含有助动词、情态动词、be或have的虚拟条件句中的连词if省去,而将had , should, were 等词提到主语之前,即用倒装结构。If he had worked harder, he would have got through the exams.==>Had he worked harder, he would have got through the exams.If he were to leave today, he would get there by Friday.==>Were he to leave today, he would get there by Friday.If I were in your place, I wouldn’t do that.==>Were I in your place, I wouldn’t do that.
II: 虚拟语气在从句中用should的情况:
1. 在表示建议,要求,命令,想法的动词后的从句里, 用should + 动词原形, should 可以省略. 如 advise, agree, command, decide, demand, determine, grant, indicate, insist, order, prefer, propose, request, require, stipulate, suggest, urge, vote.常考到的是: suggest, advise, demand, require, propose, insist, order, request.
if条件句虚拟语气
有关英语if条件句虚拟语气用法
if的虚拟语气用法:
1、现在时:当if引导的虚拟语气表示与现在事实相反时,主句谓语用could、would、shoul d或mi ght加动词原形,条件从句中的谓语用过去式。
2、过去时:当if引导的虚拟语气表示与过去事实相反时,主句谓语用could、would、shoul d或mi ght加have再加动词原形,
3、将来时:当if引导的虚拟语气表示与将来事实相反时,主句谓语用could、would、shoul d或mi ght加动词原形,条件从句中的谓语用过去式。
虚拟语气中,表条件的状语从句的if可以省略,但主语必须与动词易位(也就是倒装):
If it were not for his illness, he could do better.
=Were it not for his illness, he could do better.
如果不是因为他生病,他可以做得更好。
If he had money, he would buy that villa.
= Had he money, he would buy that villa.
对将来情况的虚拟:
主句:主语+would/should/might/could+动词原形从句:should+动词原形/were to+动词原形。
对现在情况的虚拟:
主句:主语+would/should/might/could+动词原形从句:动词过去式
对过去情况的虚拟:
主句:主语+would/should/might/could have+动词过去分词从句:had+动词过去分词。
if条件句中虚拟语气的用法
if虚拟条件句 与现在 事实相 反的假 设 与过去 事实相 反的假 设 与将来 事实相 反的假 设
主句
If+主语+ 动词的过去式 (be动词一般用were) 即:If+一般过去时态 (be动词一般用were)
主语+would ( should / might / could )+动词 原形
If+主语+had +动词的过 主语 + would ( should / might 去分词 / could )+have 即:If+过去完成时态 done
1、If+主语+动词过去式 2、If+主语+were to+ 动词 原形 3、If+主语+should +动词原 形 主语+would ( should / might / could )+动词 原形
注意以下问题:
• 1. 错综时间虚拟条件句 • 2. (if省略) 倒装虚拟现方式做保护处理对用户上传分享的文档内容本身不做任何修改或编辑并不能对任何下载内容负责
If条件句中虚拟语气的用法
a. if真实条件句 表示条件是真的或有可 能实现的, 采用陈述语气。
b. if虚拟条件句 表示条件是虚拟的或几 乎无法实现的, 采用虚拟语气。
与现 在事 实相 反的 假设
If+主语+ 动词的过 去式 (be动词一般用 were) 即:If+一般过去时 态 (be动词一般用were)
主语+would ( should / might / could ) +动词原形
与现在事实相反
If I were the schoolmaster ,
if引导虚拟语气的用法
1、表示与现在事实相反的情况:从句:If 主语+过去时(Be动词用were)主句:主语+should/would/could/might+doeg:1.If I were you,I would take an umbrella.如果我是你,我会带把伞。
(事实:我不可能是你)2.If I knew his telephone number,I would tell you.如果我知道他的电话号码,我就会告诉你。
(事实:不知道)3.If there were no air or water,there would be no living things on the earth.如果没有水和空气,地球上就不会有生物。
(事实:地球上既有空气也有水)4.If I had any money with me,I could lend you some.如果我带钱了,我就会借给你些。
(事实:没有带钱)5.If he studied harder,he might pass the exam.如果他再努力些,就能通过考试了。
(事实:没有努力)6.she looked at me as if I had been a stranger.她看我的样子好像我是一个陌生人。
(事实:我并非陌生人)2、表示与过去事实相反的情况从句:If 主语+had+done主句:主语+should/would/could/might+have doneeg:1. If I had got there earlier,I should/could have met her. 如果我早到那儿,我就会见到她。
(事实:去晚了)2.If he had taken my advice,he would not have made such a mistake. 如果他听我的劝告的话,就不会犯这样的错误了。
(事实:没有听我的话)3、表示对将来情况的主观推测主句:主语+should+do从句:①if+主语+were to do②if+主语+should/would/could/might+do③if+主语+did(动词过去式)/wereeg:1.If he should come here tomorrow,I would talk to him.如果他明天来这儿的话,我就跟他谈谈。
if条件句的虚拟语气口诀
if条件句的虚拟语气口诀
虚拟语气在英语中是一个重要的语法概念,用于表达与实际情况相反或不太可能发生的情况。
在if条件句中,虚拟语气有特定的用法和规则。
以下是一些关于if条件句虚拟语气的口诀,以供参考:
1. “一四一致”:在if条件句中,如果主句是一般将来时,从句用一般现在时表示将来,即“主将从现”。
这种用法被称为“一四一致”,其中“一”代表主句,“四”代表从句。
2. “二三倒退”:在if条件句中,如果主句是一般过去时,从句则用一般过去时表示与过去事实相反的情况。
这种用法被称为“二三倒退”,其中“二”代表主句,“三”代表从句。
3. “过去将来倒着站”:在if条件句中,如果主句是过去将来时,从句则用过去完成时表示与过去将来事实相反的情况。
这种用法被称为“过去将来倒着站”。
需要注意的是,这些口诀只是一种记忆方法,具体的虚拟语气用法还需要根据具体的语境和语法规则来判断。
在学习英语时,建议多阅读、多练习,掌握虚拟语气的用法和规则。
if条件句中的虚拟语气讲解
虚拟语气(一)一、考点聚焦1、虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中If I were a boy, I would join the army.If she had time, she should go with you.If h e had taken my advice, he would have succeeded in the competition.If i t were to rain tomorrow, the football match would be put off.If I had time, I would attend the meeting.If he had hurried ,he could have caught the train.If I were to go abroad ,I would go to America如果我是你,我就会努力学习If I were you, I would work harder at my lessons.如果我知道他的电话号码,我就给他打电话了If I had known his telephone number, I would have called him.如果明天下雨的话,我们会取消比赛.If it should \were to rain, we would call off the match.使用虚拟条件句要注意的几点:1.当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时,被称为:错综时间条件句“,动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整.If you had followed my advice , you would be better now.如果你听我的建议,你现在就会痊愈了.If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now.如果你努力学习的话,你现在就会是大学生了.If they had worked hard, they would be very tired now.(从句说的是过去,主句指的是现在)2.省略句在条件句中,可省略if,把were ,had, should 提到句首,变为倒装句式.If I were at school again, I would study harder.Were I at school again, I would study harder.If you had come earlier, you would have met him.Had you come earlier, you would have met him.If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.Were I a boy, I would join the army.Had he taken my advice, he would have succeeded.Were it not for the expense, I would go to Britain.2、虚拟语气用于名词性从句(1)虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用。
if条件状语从句中虚拟语气
if条件状语从句中的虚拟语气一、if条件状语从句中虚拟语气的判断判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。
只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。
通过句子意思,看假设的条件是否能够实现,能够实现是真实条件句,不能使用虚拟语气;假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句,要用虚拟语气。
1. “后退一步法”后退一步法是指在准确地判断了该句与哪一事实相反后,按虚拟语气的后退一步法处理从句谓语动词的时态。
即:在非真实条件状语从句中,谓语动词按正常情况“后退一步”。
也就是:①与过去事实相反,在从句中用过去完成时形式表示。
②与现在事实相反,在从句中用过去一般时形式表示。
③与将来事实可能相反,在从句中用过去将来时形式表示。
主句中则用情态动词would,should, could 等加一个与从句一致的动词形式。
例:⑴、If I had come her yesterday, I would have seen him.⑵、If I were a teacher, I would be strict with my students.⑶、If it should snow tomorrow, they couldn't go out.2、注意事项:①if条件句中如有were, should, had,可以省去if,并使用倒装语序。
②在现代英语中if条件状与从句中的谓语动词如果是be其过去形式一般用were。
二、虚拟语气在if 引导的条件句中的用法:(一)、表示与现在事实相反的情况。
其句子结构为:从句:if + 主语+ 动词的过去式(be 用were) + ,,,主句:主语+ would (should, could , might) + 动词原形+ ,,例:1. If it weren’t for your help, we would get into trouble. 如果没有你们的帮助,我们就会陷入困境。
(而事实上得到了你们的帮助)2.If the weather were fine, I would go there. 如果天气好,我去那儿。
if 条件句虚拟语气
If条件状语从句虚拟语气三种时态1、对现在情况的虚拟条件从句中谓语动词用一般过去式,主句用“would/should/might/could+动词原形”形式,表示对现在不可能实现情况的假想。
If I were you,I would choose to work in a small town.如果我是你,我会选择在小城镇工作。
(事实上我不是你)注意:在条件从句中,如果谓语动词是be的形式,不管主语是单数还是复数,书面语中用were,而口语中如果是单数,也可以用was,不过在if I were...中一般用were.2、对过去情况的虚拟条件从句中谓语动词用过去完成式,主语用“would/could/should/might+have+动词的过去分词”形式。
If it had not been for your help yesterday,I could not have caught the bus.如果昨天没有你的帮助,我不会赶上公交车。
(事实是你昨天已经帮助了我,所以我赶上了车)3、对将来情况的虚拟在表示与将来事实相反的条件从句中,谓语动词可用should do,were to do或动词的过去式三种形式表示,但意义略有不同。
should表示的可能性最大,动词过去式的可能性次之,were to do 的可能性最小。
If things were to be twice,all would be wise.假如凡事都可以重新做一次,人人皆可成为聪明人。
(事实是并不是所有的事都可以重新做一次)注意:在书面语中,如果虚拟条件从句中有were,had 或should,可以把if省略,把这几个词放到主语之前,构成主谓倒装。
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if引导的条件句中的虚拟语气
虚拟语气表示一种不能实现的假设。
该语法主要用于if条件状语从句。
一、if引导的条件状语从句的分类及虚拟条件句的判断
1、可以把条件句分为两类:
1).真实条件句(Sentences of Real Condition):凡是假设的情况发生性可能很大,就是真实条件句。
例如:
⑴、If I have time , I will help you with this work.如果我有时间会帮助你做此工作的。
(2)、If time permits, we'll go fishing together.(如果有时间的话,我们就一起去钓鱼。
)
2).虚拟条件句(Sentences of Unreal Condition):当假设是不大可能实现时,就是虚拟条件句。
例如:
⑴、If I were you , I would have attended the meeting. 如果我是你的话,就去参加会议了。
⑵、If he had come here yesterday, he would have seen h is old friend.假如他昨天来这儿的话,就会看见他的老朋友。
⑴、If it had rained yesterday, we would have stayed at home.(如果昨天下雨的话,我们就会留在家里。
)
2、.if条件状语从句中虚拟语气的判断
判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。
只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。
通过句子意思,看假设的条件是否能够实现,能
够实现是真实条件句,不能使用虚拟语气;假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句,要用虚拟语气。
判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。
通常有三种情况:①与过去事实相反。
②与现在事实相反。
③与将来事实可能相反。
3、“后退一步法”
后退一步法是指在准确地判断了该句与哪一事实相反后,按虚拟语气的后退一步法处理从句谓语动词的时态。
即:在非真实条件状语从句中,谓语动词按正常情况“后退一步”。
也就是:
①与过去事实相反,在从句中用过去完成时形式表示。
②与现在事实相反,在从句中用过去一般时形式表示。
③与将来事实可能相反,在从句中用过去将来时形式表示。
主句中则用情态动词would, should, could 等加一个与从句一致的动词形式。
例:
⑴、If I had come her yesterday, I would have seen him.
⑵、If I were a teacher, I would be strict with my stud ents.
⑶、If it should snow tomorrow, they couldn't go out.
4、注意事项
①if条件句中如有were, should, had,可以省去if,并使用倒装语序。
②在现代英语中if条件状与从句中的谓语动词如果是be其过去形式一般用were。
二、虚拟语气在if 引导的条件句中的用法:
(一)、表示与现在事实相反的情况。
其句子结构为:
从句:if + 主语+ 动词的过去式(be 用were) + ……
主句:主语+ would (should, could , might) + 动词原形+……
例:
1.If I were you, I would go with him.
2.If the weather were fine, I would go there.
如果天气好,我去那儿。
(事实天气不好)
3.If I were you, I would read it again.
如果我是你的话,我再读一遍。
(事实上我不是你)
4.If time permitted, I would write it again.
如果时间允许的话,我再写一遍。
(事实上时间不允许)
5.If it weren’t snowing, we wouldn’t stay in the hous
e.
要是现在不下雪的话,我们就不会待在屋里。
(事实上现在下雪)6.What would I do if I were in your place?
要是我处于你地位我会怎么办?(事实上我不在你的位置上)7.If he hurried, he could catch the first bus.
他要是快点能够赶上头班公共汽车。
(可是他不着急)
8.If it weren’t for your help, we would get into troub le.
如果没有你们的帮助,我们就会陷入困境。
(而事实上得到了你们的帮助)
9.If we had the manpower, we could open up even more la nd.
如果有人力,我们还能开更多的荒地.
10. If I were you, I would go with him.
(从句If I were you, 主句I would go with him.)
11. If I were you, I should buy it.
(从句用过去式动词were,主句用动词原形buy)
12. If I had time, I would study French.
(如果有时间,我会学习法文。
)(从句用过去式动词had,主
句用动词原形study)
13. If she knew English, she would not ask me for help. (如果她懂英文,她就不必要我帮了。
)(从句用过去式动词knew,主句用动词原形ask)
注意:如果动作在进行中,主句要用:"主语+ would be + 进行式动词+ ……"
14. If they were here, he would be speaking to them now. (从句用过去式动词were, 主句用would be speaking)
如有侵权请联系告知删除,感谢你们的配合!。