if引导的虚拟语气条件句
if引导的虚拟条件句
与过去事实相反：if 条件句中用过去完成时，主句用 would（should/could/might）+have+过去分词。
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If引导虚拟条件句中的谓语动词变化
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与将来事实相反时从句中的三种谓语 v变形：
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• 如果她在这里，她也同意的。 • If she were here, she would agree too. • →Were she here, she would agree too. • 假若明天下雨，我们只好推迟这场比赛。 • If it should rain tomorrow, we should have to put off the match. • →Should it rain tomorrow, we should have to put off the match.
certainly go to the movies with you. • If you could bear the loneliness, you might succeed.
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与将来事实相反(推测将来)：if 条件句中用过去时， 或 should/were to+ 动 词 原 形 ， 主 句 用 would (should/could/might)+动词原形。
虚拟语气 -------- if 引导的虚拟条
件句
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Ⅰ、带if的虚拟条件句
与 现 在 事 实 相 反 ： if 条 件 句 用 一 般 过 去 时 （ 动 词 be 用 were），主句用would(should/could/might)+动词原形
eg: • I am sorry I am very busy just now. If I had time,
if虚拟语气的用法归纳
if虚拟语气的用法归纳IF虚拟语气是英语中的一种重要语法现象，主要用于表示与现实相反的假设、愿望、建议等。
它分为两种形式：if条件句和if非条件句。
以下是对IF虚拟语气用法的详细介绍：一、if条件句1. 表示与现在事实相反的假设：If + 主语+ 过去时态，主语+ would/could/might/should + 动词原形。
例如：If I were you, I would go to the party.（如果我处在你的位置，我会去参加派对。
）2. 表示与过去事实相反的假设：If + 主语+ had done，主语+ would/could/might/should + have done。
例如：If he had come to the meeting, he would have known the plan.（如果他参加了会议，他就会知道这个计划。
）二、if非条件句1. 表示建议、劝告：主语+ should/would/might/ought to + 动词原形。
例如：You should go to the party.（你应该去参加派对。
）2. 表示愿望：主语+ could/would/might + 动词原形。
例如：I wish I were a bird.（我希望我是一只鸟。
）3. 表示假设：If + 主语+ 动词过去式，主语+ would/could/might + 动词原形。
例如：If I had time, I would go to the park.（如果我有时间，我会去公园。
）三、if虚拟语气的特殊结构1. 省略if，将were、had、should等词置于主语之前：主语+ were/had/should + 动词原形。
例如：She were here, she would meet him.（如果她在这里，她会见到他。
）2. 使用倒装结构：were/had/should + 主语+ 动词原形。
高中英语if条件虚拟语气
英语动词有三种语气：陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气（用来表示说的话不是事实，或者是不太可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气。
）虚拟语气的考点：1•条件句中的虚拟语气的用法；2.条件句中虚拟语气的倒装；3•名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法；4•几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法；5.虚拟语气时态的判定。
一、If引导的虚拟条件句区别：If it rains tomorrow，the crops will be saved.陈述语气If it rained tomorrow，the crops would be saved.虚拟语气真实条件状语从句与非真实条件状语从句真：eg .If he doesn' hurry up, he will miss the bus.如果他不快点，他将错过巴士。
（真实条件状语）（不是虚拟语气）If he is free, he will ask me to tell stories.如果他是空闲的，他会要求我讲故事。
（真实条件状语）（不是虚拟语气）非真：eg. If I were you, I would go at once.如果我是你，我马上就会去。
（非真实条件状语从句）二、虚拟语气在条件从句中：【例句】1.If you had come a few minutes earlier，you would have met him.要是你早来几分钟的话，你就能见到他了。
（与过去事实相反）2.lf it were sunny tomorrow, i would come to see you.明天要是天气好的话，我来看你。
（与将来事实可能相反）3.lf i were you, i would go at once.假如我是你的话，我会马上走。
（与现在事实相反，事实上我不可能是你）主从句的谓语形式（一）与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句表示与现在事实相反的情况，例 1.lf I were you, I would take an umbrella.如果我是你，我会带把伞。
if 条件句虚拟语气
if 条件句虚拟语气虚拟语气是英语语法中的一种特殊语气，用来表示与事实相反或假设的情况。
在if条件句中，虚拟语气通常用来表达非真实的、假设的情况。
本文将列举10个以if条件句虚拟语气为主题的例子，并对其进行详细解释。
1. If I were rich, I would travel around the world.如果我很富有，我会环游世界。
解释：这个句子中的虚拟语气表达了对现实情况的假设，暗示说我并不富有，因此无法实现环游世界的愿望。
2. If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.如果我学得更努力，我就能通过考试了。
解释：这个句子中的虚拟语气表示对过去情况的假设，暗示说我没有努力学习，所以没有通过考试。
3. If I had a time machine, I would go back to the past and change some things.如果我有一台时间机器，我会回到过去改变一些事情。
解释：这个句子中的虚拟语气表达了对现实情况的假设，暗示说我没有时间机器，因此无法改变过去的事情。
4. If I were the president, I would make education free for all.如果我是总统，我会让教育对所有人免费。
解释：这个句子中的虚拟语气表达了对现实情况的假设，暗示说我并不是总统，所以无法实现让教育免费的目标。
5. If it didn't rain tomorrow, we could go hiking.如果明天不下雨，我们可以去远足。
解释：这个句子中的虚拟语气表达了对未来情况的假设，暗示说明天可能会下雨，所以无法去远足。
6. If I had known you were coming, I would have prepared a meal for you.如果我知道你要来，我会为你准备一顿饭。
if引导的条件句中的虚拟语气
if 引导的条件句中的虚拟语气虚拟语气表示一种不能实现的假设。
该语法主要用于if 条件状语从句。
一、if引导的条件状语从句的分类及虚拟条件句的判断1、可以把条件句分为两类：1) .真实条件句(SentencesofRealConditior):凡是假设的情况发生性可能很大，就是真实条件句。
例如：⑴ 、IfIhavetime,Iwillhelpyouwiththiswork. 如果我有时间会帮助你做此工作的。
(2)、Iftimepermits,we'llgofishingtogether.( 如果有时间的话，我们就一起去钓鱼。
)2) .虚拟条件句(SentencesofUnrealCondition):当假设是不大可能实现时，就是虚拟条件句。
例如:⑴、IfIwereyou,Iwouldhaveattendedthemeeting. 如果我是你的话，就去参加会议了。
⑵、lfhehadcomehereyesterday,hewouldhaveseenhisoldfriend假如他昨天来这儿的话，就会看见他的老朋友。
⑴、lfithadrainedyesterday,wewouldhavestayedathome. (如果昨天下雨的话，我们就会留在家里。
)2、.if条件状语从句中虚拟语气的判断判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。
只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。
通过句子意思，看假设的条件是否能够实现，能够实现是真实条件句，不能使用虚拟语气；假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句，要用虚拟语气。
判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。
通常有三种情况: ① 与过去事实相反。
② 与现在事实相反。
③ 与将来事实可能相反。
3、“后退一步法后退一步法是指在准确地判断了该句与哪一事实相反后，按虚拟语气的后退一步法处理从句谓语动词的时态。
即：在非真实条件状语从句中，谓语动词按正常情况“后退一步”。
也就是：① 与过去事实相反，在从句中用过去完成时形式表示。
if虚拟语气
If虚拟语气一、虚拟语气在条件句中的用法If引导出的条件句中使用虚拟语气时，表示所说的话是非真实的，是一种假设。
通常有三种情况，与现在事实相反；与过去的事实相反；与将来的事实相反。
1[/B]、[/B]if从句表示与想在的事实相反的假设时，从句的谓语动词用一般过去时（[/B] be一般用[/B]were），主句用[/B]would/should/could/might+[/B]动词原形[/B][/B] If we had enough money, we would buy a computerIf I were you,I would take her advice.If places were a like,there would be little need for geographers.如果各个地方都一样，就不需要地理学家了。
Our life would be better if there were no examination.2[/B]、[/B]if[/B]从句表示与过去事实相反的假设时，从句的谓语动词用过去完成时，主语用[/B]would/should/could/might+have+[/B]过去分词[/B][/B]If I had worked harder at school,I would have got a better job.If he had know your address yesterday,he would have telephoned you.We might have arrived here eariler if we had taken a taxi.If it had not been for you help, I would have failed again.3[/B]、[/B]If[/B]从句表示与将来事实可能相反的假设时，从句的谓语动词用一般过去时，[/B]were to do[/B]或[/B]should+[/B]动词原形，主句用[/B]would/should/could/ might+[/B]动词原形[/B][/B]If it rained tomorrow,we would put off the sports meet.If he were to leave today,he would get there by Friday.If she should fail again,we would not blame her.【注】（1）有时从句假设过去，而主句假设现在，这时从句用过去完成时，而主句用would/sh ould/could/might+动词原形。
虚拟语气if的三种用法例句有什么
虚拟语气if的三种用法例句有什么三种情况，(1)对过去，从句had done主句would/could/might/have done(2)对现在，从句：did /were 主句：would/could/might do(3)对将来，should do/were to do/did.从句，更上一个一样。
注意，“主将从现”原则。
虚拟语气if的用法1、现在时：当if引导的虚拟语气表示与现在事实相反时，主句谓语用could、would、should或might 加动词原形，条件从句中的谓语用过去式。
如：If we walk faster,we can get there earlier.如果我们走快一点，就能早点到达那里。
2、过去时：当if引导的虚拟语气表示与过去事实相反时，主句谓语用could、would、should或might 加have再加动词原形，如：If I wear my clothes thicker,I won’t catch a cold.如果我把衣服穿厚点，就不会感冒了。
3、将来时：当if引导的虚拟语气表示与将来事实相反时，主句谓语用could、would、should或might 加动词原形，条件从句中的谓语用过去式。
如：If it rains tomorrow,will you go shopping?如果明天下雨，你还会逛街吗？虚拟语气if的结构1、表示与现在事实相反的情况：从句：If+主语+动词一般过去时(Be动词用were)。
主句：主语+ should/would/might/could+do。
2、表示与过去事实相反的情况：从句：If+主语+had+done。
主句：主语+should/would/might/could+have done。
3、表示与将来事实相反：从句：①if+主语+were to do。
②if+主语+should+do。
③if+主语+动词一般过去式（be动词用were）。
if虚拟语气
英语动词有三种语气：陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气〔用来表示说的话不是事实，或者是不太可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气。
〕虚拟语气的考点：1.条件句中的虚拟语气的用法；2.条件句中虚拟语气的倒装；3.名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法；4.几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法；5.虚拟语气时态的判定。
一、If引导的虚拟条件句区别：If it rains tomorrow，the crops will be saved. 陈述语气If it rained tomorrow，the crops would be saved. 虚拟语气真实条件状语从句与非真实条件状语从句真：eg.If he doesn’t hurry up,he will miss the bus.如果他不快点，他将错过巴士。
(真实条件状语)〔不是虚拟语气〕If he is free,he will ask me to tell stories.如果他是空闲的，他会要求我讲故事。
〔真实条件状语〕〔不是虚拟语气〕非真：eg.If I were you,I would go at once.如果我是你，我马上就会去。
〔非真实条件状语从句〕二、虚拟语气在条件从句中：【例句】1.If you had come a few minutes earlier，you would have met him.要是你早来几分钟的话，你就能见到他了。
〔与过去事实相反〕2.If it were sunny tomorrow，i would come to see you.明天要是天气好的话，我来看你。
〔与将来事实可能相反〕3.If i were you，i would go at once.假设我是你的话，我会马上走。
〔与现在事实相反，事实上我不可能是你〕主从句的谓语形式〔一〕与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句表示与现在事实相反的情况，例1.If I were you,I would take an umbrella.如果我是你，我会带把伞。
if虚拟语气用法
if虚拟语气用法虚拟语气（Subjunctive Mood）是英语中的一种语气，用于表示假设、建议、愿望、怀疑等非现实的情况。
在if虚拟语气用法中，通常有以下几种情况：1. 对现在或将来的假设：- 如果我是国王，我会做很多好事。
（If I were a king, I would do many good things.）- 如果我是你，我会去旅行。
（If I were you, I would travel.）2. 对过去的假设：- 如果我昨天赢了彩票，我就会买一辆新车。
（If I had won the lottery yesterday, I would have bought a new car.）- 如果我早点知道这个消息，我就不会错过那个会议了。
（If I had known this news earlier, I wouldn't have missed that meeting.）3. 建议、要求或命令：- 如果你能帮我一下，我会非常感激。
（If you could help me, I would be very grateful.）- 如果他不来参加会议，我们就取消吧。
（If he doesn't come to the meeting, let's cancel it.）4. 愿望、希望或遗憾：- 要是我能飞就好了。
（If only I could fly.）- 要是我昨天没生病就好了。
（If only I hadn't been sick yesterday.）5. 建议或要求某人做某事：- 如果你愿意的话，请帮我一个忙。
（If you would like to, please do me a favor.）- 如果他不介意的话，让他来参加我们的聚会吧。
（If he doesn't mind, let him come to our party.）。
if引导的条件句中的虚拟语气
if引导的条件句中的虚拟语气虚拟语气表示一种不能实现的假设。
该语法主要用于if条件状语从句。
一、if引导的条件状语从句的分类及虚拟条件句的判断1、可以把条件句分为两类：1).真实条件句（Sentences of Real Condition）：凡是假设的情况发生性可能很大，就是真实条件句。
例如：⑴、If I have tim e , I will help you with this work.如果我有时间会帮助你做此工作的。
(2)、If time permits, we'll go fishing together.(如果有时间的话，我们就一起去钓鱼。
）2).虚拟条件句（Sentences of Unreal Condition）：当假设是不大可能实现时，就是虚拟条件句。
例如：⑴、If I were you , I w ould have attended the meeting. 如果我是你的话，就去参加会议了。
⑵、If he had come here yesterday, he would have seen his old friend.假如他昨天来这儿的话，就会看见他的老朋友。
⑴、If it had rained yesterday, we would have stayed at home.（如果昨天下雨的话，我们就会留在家里。
）2、.if条件状语从句中虚拟语气的判断判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。
只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。
通过句子意思，看假设的条件是否能够实现，能够实现是真实条件句，不能使用虚拟语气；假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句，要用虚拟语气。
判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。
通常有三种情况：①与过去事实相反。
②与现在事实相反。
③与将来事实可能相反。
3、“后退一步法”后退一步法是指在准确地判断了该句与哪一事实相反后，按虚拟语气的后退一步法处理从句谓语动词的时态。
if引导的虚拟语气条件句
有些句子并没有明确的if引导的条件从句，但是通过上下文或其他方式 暗示了虚拟条件的存在。这种句子被称为含蓄虚拟条件句。在这种情况 下，需要根据上下文来判断主句的时态和语气。
虚拟条件句的语义
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分析
条件与结果的逻辑关系
条件句表达一种假设或条件，而结果 则是由该条件引发的可能后果。
在虚拟语气条件句中，条件和结果之 间的逻辑关系通常是假设性的，即条 件不一定真实存在或发生，而结果则 是对该假设条件的一种想象或推测。
在不同的语境中，虚拟条件句可能表达不同的含义和情感色彩。例如，在文学作 品中，虚拟条件句可能用于表达人物的内心感受和情感变化；而在日常对话中， 虚拟条件句可能用于表达说话人的某种期望或建议。
虚拟条件句的常用
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结构
与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句
结构
if + 主语 + 动词过去式（be 通 常用 were），主语 +
与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句
结构
if + 主语 + 动词过去式/were to + 动词原形/should + 动词原形 ，主语 + would/should/could/might + 动词原形。
用法
表示与将来事实相反的情况或假设，常用于表达对未来的预测、期 望或建议等。
例子
If it should rain tomorrow, we would have to cancel the picnic. （如果明天下雨，我们不得不取消野餐。）
虚拟语气的分类
现在虚拟语气
表示与现在事实相反的假 设条件，动词形式通常为 过去式或过去进行式。
过去虚拟语气
表示与过去事实相反的假 设条件，动词形式通常为 过去完成式。
if条件句虚拟语气
有关英语if条件句虚拟语气用法
if的虚拟语气用法：
1、现在时:当if引导的虚拟语气表示与现在事实相反时，主句谓语用could、would、shoul d或mi ght加动词原形，条件从句中的谓语用过去式。
2、过去时:当if引导的虚拟语气表示与过去事实相反时，主句谓语用could、would、shoul d或mi ght加have再加动词原形，
3、将来时:当if引导的虚拟语气表示与将来事实相反时，主句谓语用could、would、shoul d或mi ght加动词原形，条件从句中的谓语用过去式。
虚拟语气中，表条件的状语从句的if可以省略，但主语必须与动词易位（也就是倒装）：
If it were not for his illness, he could do better.
=Were it not for his illness, he could do better.
如果不是因为他生病，他可以做得更好。
If he had money, he would buy that villa.
= Had he money, he would buy that villa.
对将来情况的虚拟：
主句：主语＋would/should/might/could＋动词原形从句：should＋动词原形/were to＋动词原形。
对现在情况的虚拟：
主句：主语＋would/should/might/could＋动词原形从句：动词过去式
对过去情况的虚拟：
主句：主语＋would/should/might/could have＋动词过去分词从句：had＋动词过去分词。
if引导虚拟语气的用法
1、表示与现在事实相反的情况：从句：If 主语+过去时(Be动词用were)主句：主语+should/would/could/might+doeg：1．If I were you,I would take an umbrella.如果我是你，我会带把伞。
（事实：我不可能是你）2．If I knew his telephone number,I would tell you.如果我知道他的电话号码，我就会告诉你。
（事实：不知道）3．If there were no air or water,there would be no living things on the earth.如果没有水和空气，地球上就不会有生物。
(事实：地球上既有空气也有水)4．If I had any money with me,I could lend you some.如果我带钱了，我就会借给你些。
（事实：没有带钱）5．If he studied harder,he might pass the exam.如果他再努力些，就能通过考试了。
（事实：没有努力）6．she looked at me as if I had been a stranger.她看我的样子好像我是一个陌生人。
（事实：我并非陌生人）2、表示与过去事实相反的情况从句：If 主语+had+done主句：主语+should/would/could/might+have doneeg：1． If I had got there earlier,I should/could have met her. 如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她。
（事实：去晚了）2．If he had taken my advice,he would not have made such a mistake. 如果他听我的劝告的话，就不会犯这样的错误了。
（事实：没有听我的话）3、表示对将来情况的主观推测主句：主语+should+do从句：①if+主语+were to do②if+主语+should/would/could/might+do③if+主语+did（动词过去式）/wereeg：1．If he should come here tomorrow,I would talk to him.如果他明天来这儿的话，我就跟他谈谈。
宾语从句以if引导从句
宾语从句以if引导从句
如果宾语从句是以if引导的条件句，那么可以使用虚拟语气来表示
假设、可能性或推测等含义。
具体可以使用以下几种形式：
1. If + 主语 + 过去式，主语 + would/could/should + 动词原形。
例如：If I had more money, I would travel around the world.（如果我有更多的钱，我就会环游世界。
）。
2. If + 主语 + had + 过去分词，主语 + would/could/should + have + 过去分词。
例如：If I had seen the warning signs, I would have avoided the accident.（如果我看到了警告标志，我就能避免那次事故了。
）。
3. If + 主语 + did/does + 动词原形，主语 +
would/could/should + 动词原形。
例如：If you e某ercise regularly, you would feel better.
（如果你经常锻炼，你会感觉更好。
）。
4. If + 主语 + were，主语 + would/could/should + 动词原形。
if虚拟语气
英语动词有三种语气:陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气(用来表示说的话不就是事实,或者就是不太可能发生的情况,而就是一种愿望,建议,假设的语气叫虚拟语气。
)虚拟语气的考点:1.条件句中的虚拟语气的用法;2.条件句中虚拟语气的倒装;3.名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法;4.几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法;5.虚拟语气时态的判定。
一、If引导的虚拟条件句区别:If it rains tomorrow,the crops will be saved、陈述语气If it rained tomorrow,the crops would be saved、虚拟语气真实条件状语从句与非真实条件状语从句真:eg 、 If he doesn’t hurry up, he will miss the bus、如果她不快点,她将错过巴士。
( 真实条件状语)(不就是虚拟语气)If he is free, he will ask me to tell stories、如果她就是空闲的,她会要求我讲故事。
(真实条件状语)(不就是虚拟语气)非真:eg、 If I were you, I would go at once、如果我就是您,我马上就会去。
(非真实条件状语从句)二、虚拟语气在条件从句中:【例句】1、If you had come a few minutes earlier,you would have met him、要就是您早来几分钟的话,您就能见到她了。
(与过去事实相反)2.If it were sunny tomorrow,i would come to see you、明天要就是天气好的话,我来瞧您。
(与将来事实可能相反)3.If i were you,i would go at once、假如我就是您的话,我会马上走。
(与现在事实相反,事实上我不可能就是您)主从句的谓语形式(一)与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句表示与现在事实相反的情况,例1、If I were you, I would take an umbrella、如果我就是您,我会带把伞。
if 条件句虚拟语气
If条件状语从句虚拟语气三种时态1、对现在情况的虚拟条件从句中谓语动词用一般过去式，主句用“would/should/might/could+动词原形”形式，表示对现在不可能实现情况的假想。
If I were you,I would choose to work in a small town.如果我是你，我会选择在小城镇工作。
（事实上我不是你）注意：在条件从句中，如果谓语动词是be的形式，不管主语是单数还是复数，书面语中用were,而口语中如果是单数，也可以用was,不过在if I were...中一般用were.2、对过去情况的虚拟条件从句中谓语动词用过去完成式，主语用“would/could/should/might+have+动词的过去分词”形式。
If it had not been for your help yesterday,I could not have caught the bus.如果昨天没有你的帮助，我不会赶上公交车。
（事实是你昨天已经帮助了我，所以我赶上了车)3、对将来情况的虚拟在表示与将来事实相反的条件从句中，谓语动词可用should do,were to do或动词的过去式三种形式表示，但意义略有不同。
should表示的可能性最大，动词过去式的可能性次之，were to do 的可能性最小。
If things were to be twice，all would be wise.假如凡事都可以重新做一次，人人皆可成为聪明人。
（事实是并不是所有的事都可以重新做一次)注意：在书面语中，如果虚拟条件从句中有were，had 或should，可以把if省略，把这几个词放到主语之前，构成主谓倒装。
if的虚拟语气用法总结
if的虚拟语气用法总结虚拟语气是指根据说话人的主观意愿、假设、推测等来表示假设、愿望、命令等情态的一种语气。
在条件句中，常用虚拟语气来表示与事实相反的情况。
总结if的虚拟语气用法如下：1. 虚拟条件句：- 类型1：表示可能实现的条件- If + 主语+ 动词(简单现在时)，主语+ will + 动词原形。
- 例句：If it rains tomorrow, I will stay at home.（如果明天下雨，我会呆在家里。
）- 类型2：表示与事实相反的条件- If + 主语+ 动词的过去式，主语+ would/could + 动词原形。
- 例句：If I had money, I would buy a new car.（如果我有钱，我会买一辆新车。
）- 类型3：表示与过去事实相反的条件- If + 主语+ had + 过去分词，主语+ would/could + have + 过去分词。
- 例句：If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.（如果我学得更努力，我就能通过考试。
）2. 虚拟表达愿望：- 类型1：表示对现在或将来的愿望- 希望、愿望等动词+ (that) + 主语+ (should) + 动词原形。
- 例句：I wish (that) I could speak fluent English.（我希望我能说一口流利的英语。
）- 类型2：表示对过去的愿望- 希望、愿望等动词+ (that) + 主语+ (should) + have + 过去分词。
- 例句：I wish (that) I had studied abroad when I was younger.（我希望我年轻时出国留学了。
）3. 虚拟表达建议、命令等：- 动词原形+ (that) + 主语+ (should) + 动词原形。
- 例句：I suggest (that) you should take a break.（我建议你应该休息一下。
if引导的虚拟语气条件句
与目前事实相反，目前没有迅速
完毕
2）If I were you, I would have gone to her birthday party
yesterday.假如我是你，我就去参加她昨天旳生日聚会了
（从句阐明目前，主句阐明过去）。
♦ 要根据动作发生旳时间选择恰当旳动词形式。
特例
2.省略If旳条件从句
6.If I __ in the 22nd century, I __ my vocation in a very different way. A. should live; would spend B. will live; should spend C. are living; should have spent D. will be living; would have spent 7. __ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to Mountain Tai. A. Were B. Should C. Would D. Will
假如条件句中有were/had（助动词）/should时，可使用 倒装句构造——省略If，把were/had（助动词）/should放 句首。假如条件句是否定句时，not应置于主语后，不能 与were/had（助动词）/should等缩略成 weren’t/hadn’t/shouldn’t.
例：Had I seen him then, I would have been very happy. =If I had seen him then, I would have been very happy.
If + 主语 + had + 动词旳过去分词 主语+would(should
if虚拟语气
英语动词有三种语气：陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气（用来表示说的话不是事实，或者是不太可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气。
）虚拟语气的考点：1.条件句中的虚拟语气的用法；2.条件句中虚拟语气的倒装；3.名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法；4.几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法；5.虚拟语气时态的判定。
一、If引导的虚拟条件句区别：Ifitrainstomorrow，thecropswillbesaved.陈述语气Ifitrainedtomorrow，thecropswouldbesaved.虚拟语气真实条件状语从句与非真实条件状语从句真：eg.Ifhedoesn’thurryup,hewillmissthebus.如果他不快点，他将错过巴士。
(真实条件状语)（不是虚拟语气）Ifheisfree,hewillaskmetotellstories.如果他是空闲的，他会要求我讲故事。
（真实条件状语）（不是虚拟语气）非真：eg.IfIwereyou,Iwouldgoatonce.如果我是你，我马上就会去。
（非真实条件状语从句）二、虚拟语气在条件从句中：【例句】，you wouldhavemet him.要是你早来几分钟的话，你就能见到他了。
（与过去事实相反）2.Ifit were sunnytomorrow，i wouldcome toseeyou.明天要是天气好的话，我来看你。
（与将来事实可能相反）3.Ifi were you，i wouldgo atonce.假如我是你的话，我会马上走。
（与现在事实相反，事实上我不可能是你）主从句的谓语形式（一）与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句表示与现在事实相反的情况，例Iwereyou,Iwouldtakeanumbrella.如果我是你，我会带把伞。
（事实：我不可能是你）2.IfIknewhistelephonenumber,Iwouldtellyou.如果我知道他的电话号码，我就会告诉你。
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Learning Goals： 1. Knowing what the subjunctive mood refers to. 2.Knowing the difference forms of the subjunctive forms. 3.Master the structure of the subjunctive mood about “if”. 4.Practices.
表示虚拟的，几乎无法实现的时候，采 用虚拟语气。
If引导的虚拟条件句
TYPES:
与过去事实相反 与现在事实相反
与将来事实可能相反
特殊：错综时间 / 倒装句省略IF等
一.与过去事实相反
If引导的虚拟条件句
If + 主语 + had + 动词的 与过去事实 过去分词 相反的假设 （即：If+动词过去完成 时）
6.If I __ in the 22nd century, I __ my vocation in a very different way. A. should live; would spend B. will live; should spend C. are living; should have spent D. will be living; would have spent 7. __ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to Mountain Tai. A. Were B. Should C. Would D. Will
6.If I __ in the 22nd century, I __ my vocation in a very different way. A. should live; would spend B. will live; should spend C. are living; should have spent D. will be living; would have spent 7. __ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to Mountain Tai. A. Were B. Should C. Would D. Will
6.If I __ in the 22nd century, I __ my vocation in a very different way. A. should live; would spend B. will live; should spend C. are living; should have spent D. will be living; would have spent 7. __ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to Mountain Tai. A. Were B. Should C. Would D. Will
特例
2.省略If的条件从句
如果条件句中有were/had（助动词）/should时，可使用倒 装句结构——省略If，把were/had（助动词）/should放句 首。如果条件句是否定句时，not应置于主语后，不能与 were/had（助动词）/should等缩略成 weren’t/hadn’t/shouldn’t. 例：Had I seen him then, I would have been very happy. =If I had seen him then, I would have been very happy. Should I have time, I would go with you. =If I should have time, I would go with you. Were I not so busy, I would go to the concert. =If I weren’t so busy, I would go to the concert.
特例
1. 错综时间条件句
定义：主句和从句动作发生的时间不同 例1） If they had studied hard, they could finish the work in a very short time.如果他们当时刻苦学习，现在就能快速 完成这份工作了（从句说明过去，主句说明现在）。
Practice
1. If you had told me in advance, I ____ him at the airport. A. would meet B. would have met C. would had met D. should meet
Practice
1. If you had told me in advance, I ____ him at the airport. A. would meet B. would have met C. would had met D. should meet
与过去相反，以前没有刻苦学习
与现在事实相反，现在没有快速 完成
2）If I were you, I would have gone to her birthday party yesterday.如果我是你，我就去参加她昨天的生日聚会了 （从句说明现在，主句说明过去）。
♦ 要根据动作发生的时间选择恰当的动词形式。
与现在事实 相反的假设
If I were you, I would buy a red skirt. If I had a million dollars, I would donate 30% of it to the charity.
三.与将来事实可能相反
If虚拟条件句
1. If + 主语 + 动词过去式 2. If + 主语 + were to + 动词 原形 3. If + 主语 + should + 动词 原形
4.If me father ___ here now, he ___ tell me what to do. A. were; would B. was; ill C. had been; would D. is; ill 5.If he ___ my advice, he wouldn’t have lost his job. A. followed B. should follow C. had followed D. would follow
If it ___ tomorrow, I would not attend the party. A. rained B. rains C. had rained D. were to rain 3. I would have gone to the meeting if I __time. A. had had B. have had C. had D. would have had
4.If me father ___ here now, he ___ tell me what to do. A. were; would B. was; ill C. had been; would D. is; ill 5.If he ___ my advice, he wouldn’t have lost his job. A. followed B. should follow C. had followed D. would f
主语 + would(could/should/ might) + 动词原形
If it rained tomorrow, I wouldn’t attend the party. If it were to rain tomorrow, I wouldn’t attend the party. If you should come tomorrow, you would find the new manager working in the office.
4.If me father ___ here now, he ___ tell me what to do. A. were; would B. was; ill C. had been; would D. is; ill 5.If he ___ my advice, he wouldn’t have lost his job. A. followed B. should follow C. had followed D. would follow
If it ___ tomorrow, I would not attend the party. A. rained B. rains C. had rained D. were to rain 3. I would have gone to the meeting if I __time. A. had had B. have had C. had D. would have had
主句
主语+would(should /might/could)+have done
If he had got up earlier, he could have caught the train.
二.与现在事实相反
If引导的虚拟条件句 If + 主语 + 动词过去 式（be动词一般用 were） 即：If + 一般过去时 主句 If + 主语 + would(could/shoul d/might) + 动词原 形
2.If it ___ tomorrow, I would not attend the party. A. rained B. rains C. had rained D. were to rain 3. I would have gone to the meeting if I __time. A. had had B. have had C. had D. would have had