高考英语二轮复习第2板块专题4语法填空第3节四大解题技法学案(含解析)

第3节四大解题技法

技法一动词灵活多变，重点掌握其变化形式

一、提示词是动词时，若句子没有别的谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但与之是并列关系时，所填之词就是谓语动词，就需要考虑时态和语态。

[例1] (2018·唐山市模拟)On a recent business trip to Shanghai，a local friend invited (invite)me to Wuzhen.

[例2] (2018·河北衡水中学模拟)The bikes are equipped (equip)with GPS and can be left anywhere in public for the next user.

二、提示词是动词时，若句子中已有谓语动词，又不是并列关系时，所填之词就是非谓语动词，这时就需要确定是动词-ing形式，-ed形式，还是不定式形式。

1．作目的状语用不定式的一般式，可位于句首或句中。

[例1](2018·辽宁省瓦房店市模拟)To prepare (prepare)for it，I went through Interview Skills，a book which prepares readers for job interviews.

[例2](2018·福建省高三质量检测)They send electronic mails instead of gathering to discuss (discuss)books.

2．作伴随状语用动词-ing形式。

[例3](2018·太原五中检测)Later，we ate peaches together over the kitchen sink，staring (stare)out at the garden.

[例4](2018·天水市二中检测)Jimmy accompanies Kate every day after his parents leave for work，taking (take)care of her.

3．作介词的宾语时，多用动词-ing形式。

[例5](2017·全国卷Ⅰ) Fast food is full of fat and salt；by eating (eat)more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.

[例6](2018·曲阜市模拟)As a child，he was enthusiastic about designing (design)complicated toys but unfortunately，he suffered from a disease that couldn't be cured.

4．非谓语动词转化的形容词作定语或表语时，表示“令人……的”用动词-ing形式；表示“(感到)……的”用过去分词。

[例7](2018·洛阳市统考)I think I will never forget the amazing (amaze)trip I had in Beijing，China and I can go there next time with my friends.

[例8](2018·厦门外国语学校模拟)Those who failed to get in need not have felt disappointed (disappoint)，as many of the artists who should have appeared did not come.

三、提示词是动词，并且所填的词在句中作主语或宾语时，通常考查该动词所派生出的名词。

[例1](2018·齐齐哈尔市实验中学模拟)The final selection (select)for the current application program will be announced in 2017.

[例2](2018·湖南师大附中模拟)Except this practical reason for celebrating the Spring Festival，a popular Chinese legend offers another explanation(explain)．

技法二掌握名词、冠词、形容词、副词、代词的基本用法

一、提示词是名词，并且作主语或宾语时，通常考查其复数形式。

[例1](2018·唐山市五校联考)Many of the adults(adult)said they also felt addicted to their own phones.

[例2](2018·太原五中模拟)These people will sometimes ask other users(user)for information which shouldn't be given away.

二、提示词是形容词，并且所填的词在句中作状语，通常考查该形容词派生出的副词。提示词是形容词或副词，根据句意判断空白处是否该用比较级或最高级。

[例1](2018·成都市第七中学模拟)And it is extremely (extreme)hard for us to put them into English properly.

[例2](2018·龙岩市质检)We had made our reservation six months earlier (early)，but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake.

三、提示词为人称代词，如作主语或宾语，通常考查人称代词的主格或宾格的单复数或名词性物主代词或反身代词。如作定语，则考查形容词性物主代词。

[例1](2018·潍坊市模拟)She knew that this was a present which was bound to please him (he)．

[例2](2018·云南六校诊断)On my recent visit，I held a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by its (it)mother.

四、在简单句和并列句中，若句子缺主语或宾语，空白处一定填代词。

[例1](2018·太原五中检测)Well，why don't you try moving that one over there?

[例2](2018·南昌二中模拟)He didn't say anything，just holding the flowers out to me.I accepted them with delight and walked out.

[例3](2018·成都市模拟)In the first place，it often happens that we have trouble finding appropriate words and phrases to give expression to our mind.

五、名词前面若无限定词修饰，空白处很可能是填冠词或形容词性物主代词。

[例1](2018·成都市第七中学模拟)I believe that it is of great use to keep a diary in English for the development of our writing skills.

[例2](2018·齐齐哈尔八中模拟)It is an appealing book that includes what he went through during his childhood.

技法三掌握介词的基本用法及各种搭配

一、名词或代词在句中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语时，其前面的空白处一定是填介词。

[例1](2018·银川一中模拟)If he has a computer，cover his desktop with words like “I love you，Dad”．

[例2](2018·衡阳八中模拟)The next morning，I went out to look for help，but in vain.

二、动词、名词、形容词后很可能填介词。

[例1]Most of us are more focused on our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day.