2019北京顺义区高三一模地理

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2019年高三第一次模拟考试地理试题含解析

2019年高三第一次模拟考试地理试题含解析本试卷分第I卷和第II卷两部分。

满分300分。

考试用时150分钟。

答题前，考生务必用0．5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、座位号。

考生号、班级填写在试卷、答题卡规定的位置。

考试结束后，将答题卡交回。

【试卷综析】本试卷是高三一模文综考试试卷，但是考查了高中必修的全部内容。

，以基础知识和基本技能为载体，以能力测试为主导，在注重考查学科核心知识的同时，突出考查考纲要求的基本能力，重视学生科学素养的考查。

知识考查注重基础、注重常规、不过多涉及综合性较强的问题、注重主干知识，兼顾覆盖面。

试题重点考查：地球的运动、等值线的判读、地形地貌、气候、人口、产业活动、区域地理、旅游地理等主干知识，考查了较多的知识点。

注重分析地理问题的思维、方法、读图析图能力，体现学科基本要求，考查学生结合地理实际问题，解决实际问题的综合能力。

是份非常好的试卷。

第I卷(选择题共140分)注意事项：1．第I卷共35小题，每小题4分，共140分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是最符合题目要求的。

2．每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

不涂在答题卡上，只答在试卷上不得分。

下图中OP、OQ分别表示某地二至日的正午树影长度。

读图回答1～2题1．当地的纬度位置为A．0°B．11°S C．20°N D．67°S【知识点】考查太阳直射点的运动和正午太阳高度的的变化规律；二分二至日的相关特点【答案解析】由题干信息，结合示意图，该地二至日树影南北方向都有，故排除D，因为太阳直射点是在南北回归线之间往返运动，D项纬度处全年太阳都在北方，树影朝南；赤道处二至日两天南北树影相等，故排除A；南方树影OQ长于OP，故该地应在南回归线北且靠近，故选B。

【思路点拨】本题主要依据正午太阳高度的变化规律，并结合二至日的基本特点，并把图形信息转化成地理知识，综合性较强。

2019高三一模地理参考答案与评分细则.doc

2019年4月高三一模调研考试地理参考答案一、单项选择题1.C2. B3.D4. A5. C6. C7. D8. A9. A 10. B 11. D二、非选择题36.（24 分）（1）（6 分）海湾具有避风、水深和防冻等特点，利于港口群的建设（2分），对外交通便利，信息通达（2分）；湾区会形成多个不同功能的城市，利于形成相当规模的城市群（2分）；湾区“临海”的同时也“连河”.，经济腹地广阔（2分）；人口集.中、城市密集，劳动力资源丰富，市场广阔（2分）；开放程度高，利于发展外向型经济（或对外贸易）（2分）。

（答出3 点得6分）（2）（6 分）经济规模总量最大（2分），但经济发展水平较低（2分），产业层次偏低（2分）；对外开放水平偏低（2分），投资环境吸引力不足（2分）；科研创新投入不足（2分）。

（答出3 点得6分）（3）（6 分）目前粤港澳大湾区正处于“产业+交通”阶段（2分）。

（阶段判断错误，全题不给分）因为目前粤港澳大湾区经济发展水平全国领先（2分），依托港口已经形成一定规模的城市群，城市化水平高（2分），产业体系上匕较完备（2分），交通等基础设施比较完善（2 分），高新技术产业云集（2分），拥有一批具有重要影响力的高校、科研院所和国家大科学工程（2分）。

但与世界其他三大高水平湾区相比发展层次和水平还比较低（2分）。

（答出 2点得4分）（4）（6 分）进一步完善交通运输体系，完善能源、信息、水利等基础设施建设（2分）；加大科技投入，积极发展科技和教育，创造条件吸引人才（2分）；大力发展第三产业和新兴工业，积极推进产业升级（2分.）；全区范围内规划产业布局分工，实现优势互补和协同发展.（2 分）；发展循环经济，走绿色低碳发展道路（2分）；治理污染，改善环境，打造宜居城市（2 分）；进一步扩大开放，优化投资环境（2分）。

（答出3点得6分，合理即可得分）37.（22 分）（1）（6 分）挪威位于斯堪的纳维亚山脉西侧，纬度高，地质时期冰川发育（2分），冰川顺地势向西移动过程中，强烈侵蚀地表（2分），沿海形成很多深深的U型冰川谷，延伸至海洋（2.分）；冰川消融后，海水侵入，形成峡湾（2分）。

2019届高三第一次联考地理参考答案.docx

2019届高三第一次联考地理参考答案26. （16 分）（1）距离北方冬季蔬菜市场较近，冬季蔬菜市场需求量人（1分）；位于沿海平原，气候温和（1分）；纬度较低，冬季气温较高（1分）：温带季风气候，冬季降水少（1分）；光照充足，利于蔬菜大棚发展（1分）。

（2）寿光农业生产技术进步，促进发展无公害蔬菜栽培（1分）；全国许多地区大棚推广，市场竞争激烈（1分）；消费者在满足量的需求后，倾向绿色无公害食品（1分）；绿色无公害蔬菜品质好，有利于打造品牌（1分）；绿色无公害蔬菜售价较高，利于增加农民收入（1分）。

（3）冇利于新品种，新技术的推广，保证产品质重优势（1分）；冇利于捉高机械化水平，完善基础设施（1分）；有利于了解市场信息，增加抗风险能力（1分）：有利于农户形成协作，增加规模效应（1分）。

（4）通过生物发酵技术制成冇机肥；将其碳化制成木炭等能源；利用英生产沼气供应生产生活；就地派堆还山捉高土壤吧力。

（答出两点得2分）27. （16 分）（1）在0-100cm深度范围内土壤含水量显著增加（2分）；100cm以下土壤含水量呈现波动增加趋势（2分）。

（2）沙棘根系最深（2分）。

理由是沙棘较深层土壤含水臺较低（1分）；最可能是因为其根系深，蒸腾作用强烈，对深层水的利用和消耗较多（1分）。

（3）草地土壤植被覆盖率较高，枯枝落叶层较厚，可以冇效减少水分的蒸发（2分）；草地根系较英他植被浅，深层土壤水分易于保存。

（2分）（4）夏季温度高，地面蒸发量人（1分）；植被生长旺盛，蒸腾作用强烈（1分）；这一阶段虽然降水屋较大，但是土壤水分消耗大于补给（1分）；冬季土壤水分蒸发和蒸腾量少，补给大于消耗（1分）。

28. （18 分）（1）泰晤丄河下游地处平原，河流流速缓慢，易受潮水影响（2分）；人类大量抽取地下水，导致地面沉降，潮水对沿海地区影响加剧（2分）：泰晤上河口外宽内窄，潮水涌入水位上涨，漫堤决口形成潮洪灾害（2分）。

(真题卷附答案)2019年北京市考一模地理试卷 (2)

2021年北京市高考二模英语试卷1.There was a farmer who always sold a pound of butter to a baker. One day the baker decided to weigh the butter to see if he was getting a pound and found that he was not. This angered (he), so he took the farmer to court. The judge asked the farmer he had a measuring tool. The farmer replied, "I have a pair of scale. I have been buying a pound of bread from him. When the baker (bring) me the bread, I always put it on my scale and give him the same weight of butter."(1)(2)(3)2.Parrots are found in countries like Brazil, Australia and India. They usually live large groups and because they like to eat fruit, they are sometimes a problem for farmers. There are different kinds of parrots, but they all have strong beaks and feet, which they use for (climb) and holding food. The biggest parrots can live for up to 80 years. They are (noise), but they are clever birds and it is easy to teach them to talk. Some zoos have parrot shows, where you can see the birds doing things they have learned.(1)(2)3.Kite flying is popular around China. It is known as zhiyuan, as kites were made of paper when they fly, they are like eagle. Kites (use) for military purpose in the beginning. Later kite flying gradually became a very popular recreational activity. In the past, people (fasten) a bamboo-made whistle onto a kite. While flying through the wind, it made sound like the music (produce) by guzheng, a traditional Chinese musical instrument. Therefore, it has its modern name as fengzheng.(1)(2)(3)(4)4.Counting the votes took about five minutes, but it seemed like an hour for me. Captain of the cheerleaders is quite an honor. At least that's what I was .As Coach Maguire appeared, all eyes zeroed in her."Girls," she began. "It's my pleasure to announce that Terry Shaw has been elected Captain of the cheerleading team." A great cheer was heard throughout the gym.How this be? I hadn't a practice, or a game, in the three years. Was everyone blind? Didn't they realize that I had worked three years toAll the way home, I sobbed. The next morning, I held my uniform close to me. I knew I couldn't . As heartbroken as I was, my true love was with my teammates.How very it was to go to that first practice after Terry had been named captain. When I arrived, Terry asked me if I had any ideas on how to improve our routines and talked about how we could make the team better. We? Was she kidding? I just wanted to her and she kept making it harder and harder for me to do that. It wasn't just that she showed interest in me—her interest was warm and .Terry always made sure to me when discussing changes in our routine and eventually I myself and we grew to be very close friends.At the end of the year, the annual Sports Award Banquet was organized. We decorated the hall, talking about all the good times we had during our last year together. I just wanted to that moment in time.Later in the evening we arrived and listened as the various trophies were awarded to the most valuable player of each sports team. Of course the team captains all received trophies too. With great I cheered for Terry.Just as Terry walked off the stage, Coach Maguire stepped up to the microphone again and announced that there was one final trophy to be awarded. The cheerleading "Spirit Award" would now be presented to the girlwho showed the most dedicated .When I heard my name announced I imagined I was as . Terry was coming toward me. We hugged each other, and Terry whispered, "Nobody this more than you."Terry never knew that quitting was all I had on my mind the day she was named captain. She read the in my shallow words of congratulations and embraced me in spite of myself, planting tiny seeds of kindness and respect. From her effort grew a that, to this day, I hold close to my heart.(1)A．expecting B．offering C．regretting D．designing (2)A．for B．on C．with D．about(3)A．dared B．would C．might D．could(4)A．watched B．accepted C．missed D．followed(5)A．hold B．earn C．give D．defend(6)A．quit B．delay C．practise D．reply(7)A．competing B．studying C．cheering D．communicating (8)A．hard B．pleasant C．normal D．unforgettable (9)A．persuade B．inspire C．frighten D．hate(10)A．wide B．genuine C．proper D．funny(11)A．teach B．praise C．control D．include (12)A．punished B．hid C．overcame D．embarrassed (13)A．wasted B．shared C．needed D．found(14)A．freeze B．recall C．spare D．choose (15)A．confidence B．politeness C．enthusiasm D．curiosity (16)A．effort B．trust C．memory D．attention (17)A．nervous B．shocked C．determined D．proud(18)A．doubts B．completes C．deserves D．required (19)A．admiration B．sympathy C．courage D．disappointment (20)A．belief B．challenge C．promise D．friendship5.At Beaver Creek, The Extraordinary Awaits YouAre no two snowflakes alike? The snowflakes we see in the winter are most likely completely unique from one other.Beaver Creek is a great place to experience the beauty of the snow, with programs for everyone—from children, teens, and women-only lessons to small groups and private-guided experiences.First Track, from Beaver Creek Reserve, lets you be the first on the mountain, with an adventure that begins at 7:30 a.m. when you are met by ski professionals and taken on a private, guided tour—before the mountain is open to the public. Once you have skied, you are treated to a delicious breakfast at Allie's Cabin.If you are looking for a higher level of comfort there is the White Carpet Club, from Beaver Creek Reserve. Located in the heart of Beaver Creek Village, it maximizes your time on the mountain by streamlining your access to it. Atthe club, there are private lockers and boot dryers, along with preferred self-parking and a slope-side ski waiter. A receptionist can assist with lift tickets, pass purchases, dinner reservations, and activity recommendations.Of course, there is more to explore during the winter in Beaver Creek as well. There is ice skating, snowshoeing, shopping, and spas—you name it, Beaver Creek has it. It is the perfect place to take advantage of the snow and be in the moment, in the mountains, together.The extraordinary is a rare combination of one-of-a-kind experiences designed to be shared with service that exceeds expectation. The extraordinary brings you closer to one another and offers a special place to belong together. Belong in The Extraordinary.(1) First Track can offer visitors _____.A．an early visit B．an ice skating showC．a tasty lunch D．a free skiing lesson(2) What is the White Carpet Club special for?A．Skillful trainers.B．Quiet living experience.C．Thoughtful service.D．Good views over the mountain.(3) The passage is written to _____.A．attract visitors B．compare different programsC．appeal for sports D．introduce training courses6.I said, "Papi, let me finish school." None of his other daughters completed more than three grades. "I still can do my chores (家务)," I told him. "Pay for me to finish school."He dug his boot into the dry earth of Quanajuato, the state he never left in his entire life. But he still was the smartest man in our village. He read books about Egypt and knew how to handwrite, unlike my mother, who never had an education."Why do you want to return to school?" he said, lowering his eyes to me. "So you can meet a man, marry, and quit? You want me to pay for that?""No, Papi," I said. "I won't marry in school and I promise I'll graduate."The wind whistled through the trees. My father saw a fisherman with a pole bent over the riverbank. I said urgently, "Papi," and I almost grabbed his thick brown wrist. In the country, my father would stop and talk with any stranger, no matter what he was doing. He would talk about the harvest, the weather, the family, but mostly, he would listen.He turned, making his way to the fisherman. I followed behind him in my open-toed shoes, carefully picking my steps. I knew I had lost his attention andI searched around me for something to fill the time I would spend waiting. But there was nothing and nobody."Buenos dias," my father said to the fisherman.I took my seat ten feet from them. The two men stared across the lake and talked. Their voices droned on and were blended with the wind. I daydreamed."Marta, come here," my father called to me.I lifted myself up and walked very slowly toward them without lifting my feet off the ground."Marta," my father said, "I have asked Don Toms what he thinks about your promise."I stared at this fisherman, this stranger, and then back at my father with wide eyes."I told him about your promise to stay single, and he told me—let her go."The fisherman looked down at his worn shoes. "If you want it," he said to the earth beneath his feet.Later, I became Father's only daughter to complete high school education, and the only one to leave his house unmarried.(1) The author spoke to her father to _____.A．share her school life B．beg for her school feeC．learn about her sisters' study D．complain about the housework(2) The author felt _____ when her father went over to the fisherman.A．ashamed B．tired C．angry D．helpless(3) Why did the author's father talk with the fisherman?A．To offer help.B．To talk about harvest.C．To ask for advice.D．To get away from the author. (4) The last paragraph suggests that the author _____.A．kept her words B．missed her fatherC．regretted the decision D．lived a comfortable life7.Every year migratory (迁徙的) bats travel from Mexico to Bracken Cave, where they spend the summer consuming insects that would otherwise hungrily eat common food crops. But the bats have been showing up far earlier than they did two decades ago.In a study, scientists at Rothamsted Research, an agricultural laboratory in England, used radar data from 160 U.S. weather stations to analyze activity in the Texas bat colony from 1995 through 2017. They discovered the creatures were leaving their winter quarters in Mexico earlier and reproducing sooner. They were also astonished to find increasing numbers of bats overwintering (过冬) at Bracken Cave instead of heading back to their cold weather quarters in Mexico. Overwintering is a sign that warmer temperatures change the bats' annual rhythms, Rothamsted biologist Phillip Stepanian says.A separate study of migratory bats in Indiana, published last year, found that temperature variations affected arrival and departure times—likewise hinting at the potential influence of climate change. Joy O'Keefe, a biology professor at Indiana State University and co-author of that study, says early arrival at their summer habitats (栖息地) could expose these bats to cold snaps (寒流), and they could freeze to death.Joy O'Keefe and her colleagues also found that changing bat migration times can also clash with rainfall patterns. Many insects that bats eat breed in seasonal lakes and puddles. If the bats arrive too early to benefit from summer rainfall and the resulting abundance of insects, they may struggle to feed their pups (幼崽) or skip reproduction altogether, O'Keefe says. She fears this shift could cause Midwestern bats to decrease toward extinction, which would be bad news for humans. "Declines in bat populations could have severe effects for crop success," she says, adding that bats also "control significant disease vectors, such as mosquitoes."However, scientists are not certain that climate change alone is causing the Bracken Cave bat colony to migrate earlier. They have found a direct link between seasonal temperatures and bird migration, but bats are also influenced by factors such as changes in wind speed and direction. And there are other complications. "Bats are mysterious little animals that move mostly at night and are difficult to observe and track," Stepanian says. "We have thisconceptual picture of what might be happening, but really tying it to the cause is the next step."(1) Scientists at Rothamsted Research found that _____.A．bats prefer colder weatherB．bats delay their reproductionC．warming affects bat migrationD．radar can be used to observe bats(2) Joy O'Keefe discovered that _____.A．bats are used to living in rainfall seasonsB．bats' earlier migration might harm farmingC．insects' reproduction helps to spread diseaseD．insects shortage makes bats reproduce earlier(3) What does the last paragraph want to tell us?A．Wind speed and direction affect bats.B．It is difficult to observe and track bats.C．Climate change makes bats migrate earlier.D．Further research on the cause is necessary.(4) What is the best title for the passage?A．Bats' habitats B．Endangered batsC．Bats' schedule D．Bats, our good friends8.On March 18, 2018, Elaine Herzberg was crossing a road in temple, Arizona, when a Volvo sun hit and killed her. Although she was one of thousands of U.S. pedestrians killed by vehicle every year, one distinctive aspect set her death apart: Nobody was driving that Volvo. A computer was.Just a couple of months later, a survey by aha (American Automobile Association) revealed that 73 percent of Americans were too scared to zip around in a totally autonomous ride—a 10 percent increase from a similar poll taken before Herzberg's death. Actually, self-driving cars are already cruising our streets, their spinning lasers and other sensors scanning the world around them. But what makes some of us still so wary of these robotic chauffeurs, and how can they earn our trust?To understand these questions, it first helps to consider what psychologists call the theory of mind. Put simply, it's the recognition that other people have brains in their heads that are busy thinking, just like ours (usually) are. The theory comes in handy on the road. Before we venture into a cross walk, we might first make eye contact with a driver and then think, He sees me, so I'm safe, or He doesn't, so I'm not. It's a technique we likely use more than we realize, both behind the wheel and on our feet. But you can't make eye contact with an algorithm (计算程序). When a car is in self-driving mode, the computer's in charge. "We're going to have to learn a theory of the machine mind," says Azim Shariff, a professor of psychology at the University of BritishColumbia. What that means in practice is that self-driving cars will need to provide clear signals—and not just turn signals—to let the public know what that machine mind is planning.However, that does't mean we want it to mimic exactly how humans think and act while driving. In fact, the promise of traveling by autonomous car is that silicon brains won't do dumb things such as text and drive, or drink and drive, or pocket down the highway while upset after a breakup. (Cars don't date.) "I believe that they have the potential to be safer than regular cars," says Marjory S. Blumenthal, a senior policy analyst at the RAND Corporation. But she says there's not enough good data yet to know for sure.One practical way to create a reputation for safety is to start slow. The University of Michigan's pair of self-driving shuttle go just 12 miles per hour. Huei Peng, a professor of mechanical engineering, says the research team behind the project is building trust by not asking too much: The predetermined route is just about a mile long, so they're not exactly speeding down a highway in the snow. "We're trying to push the envelope but in a very careful way," Peng says.Indeed, the public isn't homogeneous, says Raj Rajkumar, who directs the Metro 21. He notice three categories of potential users: teach skeptics, early adopters, and people who are stressed by driving. The early adopters will buy in first, followed by the folks who just dislike driving, and then finally theskeptics, he argued. "So it's a long process." Trust grows like a self-driving shuttle drives: slowly.(1) What did the survey by aha show?A．The wide use of self-driving cars.B．The growing doubts on self-driving cars.C．The urgent need for laws on self-driving cars.D．The rapid rise of deaths caused by self-driving cars.(2) The theory of mind is mentioned to show _____.A．human mind makes driving easierB．communication takes away drivers attentionC．communicative skills can be improved by practiceD．self-driving cars are not as safe for their machine mind(3) Paragraph 4 wants to tell us that self-driving cars _____.A．will replace regular cars B．could't act like humansC．could be safer than regular cars D．should learn to think like humans (4) What is the author's attitude towards the future development of self-driving cars?A．Cautious but optimistic.B．Puzzled but hopeful.C．Concerned but pessimistic.D．Skeptical but interested.9.Develop Note-Taking SkillsSpeech students are often amazed at how easily their teacher can pick out a speaker's main points, evidence, and techniques. Of course, the teacher knows what to listen for and has had plenty of practice. But the next time you get an opportunity, watch your teacher during a speech. Chances are she or he will be listening with pen and paper.Unfortunately, many people don't take notes effectively. Some try to write down everything a speaker says. They view note taking as a race, pitting their handwriting agility (敏捷) against the speaker's rate of speech. But soon the speaker is winning the race. The speaker pulls so far ahead that the note taker can never catch up. Finally, the note taker admits defeat and spends the rest of the speech grumbling in frustration.They arrive armed with pen, notebook, and the best of intentions. They know they can't write down everything, so they settle comfortably in their seats and wait for the speaker to say something that grabs their attention. Every once in a while the speaker rewards them with a joke, a dramatic story, or a startling fact. Then the note taker seizes pen, jots down a few words, and leans back dreamily to await the next fascinating tidbit (趣闻). By the end of the lecture the note taker has a set of tidbits-and little or no record of the speaker's important ideas.As these examples illustrate, they don't know what to listen for, and they don't know how to record what they do listen for. But once you knowwhat to listen for, you still need a sound method of note taking.Although there are a number of systems, most students find the key-word outline best for listening to speeches. As its name suggests, this method briefly notes a speaker's main point sand supporting evidence in rough outline form.By separating main points from sub-points and evidence, the outline format shows the relationships among the speaker's ideas. But with a little effort you will become a better note taker.(1)A．Perfecting this taking requires practice.B．Some people go to the opposite extreme.C．As the speaker starts to talk, the note taker starts to write.D．Taking effective notes usually helps you receive higher grades.E．Most inefficient note takers suffer from one or both of two problems.F．When note taking is done properly, it is sure to keep track of a speaker's ideas.G．The solution to the first problem is to focus on a speaker's main points and evidence.(2)A．Perfecting this taking requires practice.B．Some people go to the opposite extreme.C．As the speaker starts to talk, the note taker starts to write.D．Taking effective notes usually helps you receive higher grades.E．Most inefficient note takers suffer from one or both of two problems.F．Most inefficient note takers suffer from one or both of two problems.G．The solution to the first problem is to focus on a speaker's main points and evidence.(3)A．Perfecting this taking requires practice.B．Some people go to the opposite extreme.C．As the speaker starts to talk, the note taker starts to write.D．Taking effective notes usually helps you receive higher grades.E．Most inefficient note takers suffer from one or both of two problems.F．Most inefficient note takers suffer from one or both of two problems.G．The solution to the first problem is to focus on a speaker's main points and evidence.(4)A．Perfecting this taking requires practice.B．Some people go to the opposite extreme.C．As the speaker starts to talk, the note taker starts to write.D．Taking effective notes usually helps you receive higher grades.E．Most inefficient note takers suffer from one or both of two problems.F．Most inefficient note takers suffer from one or both of two problems.G．The solution to the first problem is to focus on a speaker's main points and evidence.(5)A．Perfecting this taking requires practice.B．Some people go to the opposite extreme.C．As the speaker starts to talk, the note taker starts to write.D．Taking effective notes usually helps you receive higher grades.E．Most inefficient note takers suffer from one or both of two problems.F．Most inefficient note takers suffer from one or both of two problems.G．The solution to the first problem is to focus on a speaker's main points and evidence.10.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。

2019年北京市第一次普通高中学业水平合格性考试地理和答案

2019 年北京市第一次普通高中学业水平合格性考试地理试卷考生须知1．考生要认真填写考场号和座位序号。

．本试卷共 2 分为非选择题，试题所有答案必须填涂或书写在答题卡上，3．铅笔作答；第二部分必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答。

考试结束后，考生应将试卷和答题卡按要求放在桌面上，待监考员收回。

． 4；第二分 3 个小题（ 6 页，分为两个部分。

第一部分为选择题个小题（ 4 分2 在试卷上作答无效第一部分必须第一部分选择题（共60 分）下列各小题均有四个选项，其中只有一项是符合题意要求的。

读图1“不同级别的天体系统示意图”，完成1～2 题。

甲乙丙丁1 图1 ．甲、乙、丙、丁代表的天体系统依次为 A ．总星系、银河系、太阳系、地月系B．太阳系、银河系、河外星系、地月系．地月系、银河系、太阳系、总星系 C ．地月系、太阳系、银河系、总星系 D 2 ．以下叙述符合事实的是．地球是太阳系中的一颗行星 A．日地平均距离约 B 1.5 千米C．月球是地球的一颗人造卫星D ．太阳系处于银河系的中心题。

《汉书·五行志》中记载：～4“日出黄，有黑气大如钱，居日中央”。

据此完成 33 ．文中记载的现象是．日珥 D ．黑子 C ．日食A．耀斑B．该现象增多时，对地球的影响是 4 ．地表温度明显上升 A B ．干扰无线电短波通信．全球频发强烈地震 C ．大气逆辐射作用增强 D题。

6 ～5，完成“某同学制作的地球圈层结构模型的照片” 2 读图．对各圈层位置的正确描述是 5 ．生物圈位于地壳内部 A ．地核位于莫霍面以上 B C．软流层位于岩石圈的内部D．地幔位于地壳和地核之间 6 ．关于图中各圈层特点的正确叙述是．岩石圈由厚度相同的岩石组成 A B．水圈是连续但不规则的圈层C．地壳是厚度最大的地球圈层2图．大气圈的组成物质分布均匀 D千米的高空，它能有效吸收紫30 ～20 臭氧层是大气层中臭氧浓度较高的区域，主要位于距离地面约8 题。

2019-高三一模考试地理试题含解析

2019-2020年高三一模考试地理试题含分析文科综合能力测试地理本试卷共13 页，共 300 分。

考试时长150 分钟。

考生务势必答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分（选择题共 140 分）本部分共 35 小题，每题 4 分，合计 140 分。

在每题列出的四个选项中，选出最切合题目要求的一项。

城市路灯的照明时间受自然条件影响。

图 1 表示某年北京市二分二至日路灯照明时间。

读图，回答第 1 题。

图 11.路灯A．a 日开启时辰与降旗时辰同样B．b 日提早开启可能受天气影响C．夜晚照明时间 c 日比 d 日长D．d 日封闭时辰晚于乌鲁木齐【答案】 B此题旨在考察日夜长短的变化的有关知识。

【分析】经过读图可知，纵坐标表示时间，横坐标表示二分二至日，对北京而言，夏至日昼长最长，照明时间应当最短，这样剖析，a、 b、 c、 d 对应的时间分别为春分日、夏至日、秋分日和冬至日。

A 日路灯开启时辰在18 时后，降旗时辰是18 时，故 A 错； b 日为夏至日，提前开启路灯，可能是天气情况影响，如阴雨天气等； c 日照明时间比 d 日短；乌鲁木齐由于纬度更高，故冬至日夜长比北京长，故封闭路灯比北京晚。

大湖效应是指冷空气碰到大面积未结冰的水面（往常是湖泊），从中获取水蒸汽和热能，而后在向风的湖岸形成降水的现象。

受大湖效应影响，2014年美国部分地域遭到稀有的狂风雪。

图2（ a）为某次狂风雪形成过程表示图。

图2（ b）为某地区地图。

读图，回答第2～ 4题。

图 2（ a）图2（b）2.图 2（ a）中A．①气流强弱决定降水量多少B．②环节能够用GIS 技术监测C．产生③过程的原理近似暖锋D．④为高空冷气流受热后抬升【答案】 C此题旨在考察地形雨的形成过程及其有关的知识。

【分析】大湖效应是指冷空气碰到大面积未结冰的水面（往常是湖泊），从中获取水蒸汽和热能，而后在向风的湖岸形成降水的现象，即形成地形雨。

顺义高三地理一模试卷

顺义高三地理一模试卷一、选择题（本题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分。

每小题只有一个正确答案，请将正确答案的字母填入题后的括号内。

）1. 地球自转的周期是（）A. 24小时B. 12小时C. 36小时D. 48小时2. 以下哪个是地球公转的周期？（）A. 24小时B. 365天C. 12个月D. 1年3. 地球的赤道周长大约是（）A. 4万公里B. 8万公里C. 16万公里D. 32万公里4. 以下哪个因素对气候的影响最大？（）A. 地形B. 海洋C. 纬度D. 风向5. 季风气候主要分布在（）A. 亚洲东部B. 欧洲西部C. 美洲中部D. 非洲南部6. 以下哪个是热带雨林气候的特征？（）A. 四季分明B. 干燥少雨C. 温暖湿润D. 寒冷干燥7. 以下哪个是温带季风气候的特征？（）A. 夏季炎热多雨B. 冬季寒冷干燥C. 四季分明D. 干燥少雨8. 以下哪个是地中海气候的特征？（）A. 夏季炎热多雨B. 冬季寒冷干燥C. 夏季干燥少雨D. 冬季温暖湿润9. 以下哪个是寒带气候的特征？（）A. 夏季炎热多雨B. 冬季寒冷干燥C. 夏季温暖湿润D. 冬季温暖湿润10. 以下哪个是高原气候的特征？（）A. 夏季炎热多雨B. 冬季寒冷干燥C. 四季分明D. 温度低，气压高11. 以下哪个是沙漠气候的特征？（）A. 夏季炎热多雨B. 冬季寒冷干燥C. 干燥少雨D. 温暖湿润12. 以下哪个是海洋性气候的特征？（）A. 夏季炎热多雨B. 冬季寒冷干燥C. 四季分明D. 温度变化小13. 以下哪个是大陆性气候的特征？（）A. 夏季炎热多雨B. 冬季寒冷干燥C. 四季分明D. 温度变化大14. 以下哪个是山地气候的特征？（）A. 夏季炎热多雨B. 冬季寒冷干燥C. 温度随海拔升高而降低D. 干燥少雨15. 以下哪个是极地气候的特征？（）A. 夏季炎热多雨B. 冬季寒冷干燥C. 温度低，气压高D. 温度变化小16. 以下哪个是冰川气候的特征？（）A. 夏季炎热多雨B. 冬季寒冷干燥C. 温度低，气压高D. 温度变化小17. 以下哪个是热带草原气候的特征？（）A. 夏季炎热多雨B. 冬季寒冷干燥C. 干燥少雨D. 温度变化小18. 以下哪个是热带季风气候的特征？（）A. 夏季炎热多雨B. 冬季寒冷干燥C. 干燥少雨D. 温度变化小19. 以下哪个是温带海洋性气候的特征？（）A. 夏季炎热多雨B. 冬季寒冷干燥C. 四季分明D. 温度变化小20. 以下哪个是温带大陆性气候的特征？（）A. 夏季炎热多雨B. 冬季寒冷干燥C. 四季分明D. 温度变化大二、填空题（本题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分。

2019届北京市顺义区高三尖子生素质展示地理试卷【含答案及解析】

2019届北京市顺义区高三尖子生素质展示地理试卷【含答案及解析】姓名___________ 班级____________ 分数__________一、选择题1. 读图甲“某地景观示意图” 、图乙“ 该地等高线地形图” ，回答下列问题。

1. 若图甲中房屋在凉亭的正北方向，则甲峰在房屋的( )A ．西北方向B ．东南方向C ．东北方向D ．西南方向2. a 、 b 、 c 、 d 四点中，位于甲峰上的观察者不能看到的是( )A ． a 点B ． b 点C ． c 点D ． d 点3. 图甲景观绘制者绘制时应位于图乙中的( )A ． a 点B ． b 点C ． c 点D ． d 点2. 图为“ 北半球某平原城市冬季等温线分布图” 。

读图回答下列问题。

1. 该城市最可能位于 (_________ )A ．回归线附近大陆西岸B ．40°N附近大陆东岸C ．回归线附近大陆东岸D ．40°N附近大陆西岸2. 市中心与郊区的气温差异导致市中心 (_________ )A ．大气污染物不易扩散至郊区B ．河流结冰期比郊区长C ．出现降水的可能性大于郊区D ．垂直地带性比郊区显著3. 二十四节气是我国独有的农业物候历，是我国优秀传统文化之一。

“霜降水泽枯，岁晚木叶落。

”（《予久客思归以秋光都似宦情薄山色不如归意浓》宋代仇远）是与节气相关的诗句。

据此回答下列问题。

1. 引起诗中所描述天气现象的天气系统及其出现的时间是 (_________ )A ．暖锋夏末秋初______________________________________B ．高气压秋末冬初C ．冷锋冬末春初______________________________________D ．低气压春末夏初2. 诗中描述的节气，我国华北地区较容易出现的自然灾害是 (_________ )A．沙尘暴______________________________ B．旱灾________________________ C．寒潮________________________ D．台风4. 图为“地球上①、②、③、④、⑤五个不同地区受气压带和风带影响的示意图” 。

2019年4月北京顺义区高三一模地理

2019北京顺义区高三一模地理第一部分(选择题共140分)本部分共35小题，每小题4分，共140分。

在每小题列出的四个选项中，选出最符合题目要求的一项在答题卡中涂黑。

2019年8月5日～8月21日，第31届夏季奥运会将在巴西里约热内卢举行。

读图1，回答第1～3题。

1.巴西A ．地势南高北低，城市多分布在北部平原B ．亚马孙河径流量大，流经经济发达地区C ．东南海域因寒暖流交汇，形成著名渔场D ．里约热内卢比巴西利亚降水季节变化小 2．奥运会期间，里约热内卢A ．正值多雨季节，天气凉爽B ．正午太阳高度角逐渐增大C ．日出越来越早，昼长夜短D ．地球自转线速度比北京慢 3．与里约热内卢同纬度的大陆西岸A ．受赤道低压带控制，高温多雨B ．河流众多，落差大，水能丰富C ．有寒流经过，为热带荒漠景观D ．地处板块内部，地壳比较稳定图2是2019年1月22日08时海平面气压分布图（单位:百帕）。

读图，回答第4、5题。

图14．图中A ．①地比②地风速大B ．①地比③地云量少C ．②地比③地气温高D ．②地比④地气压低 5．该日A. 云、贵两省交界处可能出现雨雪天气B.北京风向偏北，即将有冷锋过境C. 西北地区受高压控制，出现降雪天气D.福建、广东沿海受到风暴潮袭击图3为某地区地质构造剖面图，读图，回答第6题。

6.图中A.甲—山地成因与喜马拉雅山相同B.乙—向斜槽部岩层向下弯曲成谷C.丙—岩层受到挤压断裂抬升成山D.丁—背斜顶部受张力被侵蚀成谷2019年春晚舞台上，540个机器人伴着孙楠“冲冲冲，冲向最高的巅峰”的歌声，以非常完美的同步方式跳舞。

让所有观众赞叹不已。

据此，回答第7、8题。

7.机器人产业对所在地区科研水平及机械制造业整体水平要求高，最适合发展该产业的地区是 A ．珠江三角洲B ．成渝城市群C ．环渤海地区D ．东北老工业区8.机器人需求量大的地区特征有图3①劳动力成本低 ②制造业集中 ③科技水平高 ④能源丰富A ． ①③B ．①④C ．②③D ．②④图4为某地等高线地形图。

2019-2020年高三一模地理试题含答案

2019-2020年高三一模地理试题含答案本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分。

试题答案写在答题卡上，考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第I卷（选择题共1 40分）本卷共35小题，每小题4分，共计140分。

在每小题列出的四个选项中，只有一项是最符合题目要求的。

2011年3月19日，渝新欧国际铁路进入全程试运行。

列车于4月5日凌晨达到德国杜伊斯堡。

读下图完成第l～2题。

1．在渝新欧全程试运行期间A．地球公转速度加快B．北京与悉尼昼长差距缩短C．塔里木河进入汛期D．哈尔滨昼短夜长2．渝新欧国际铁路沿线东西两端的自然带分别是A．亚热带常绿阔叶林带、亚热带常绿硬叶林带B．温带落叶阔叶林带、温带落叶阔叶林带C．亚热带常绿硬叶林带、温带草原带D．亚热带常绿阔叶林带、温带落n{．阔叶林带下图是某日极地附近风向示意图，据图完成3～5题。

3．图中A点位于B的A．东北方向B．西北方向C．东南方向D．西南方向4．有关图中①②③④地叙述正确的是A．①地吹西北风，天气晴朗B．②地吹东南风，天气晴朗C．⑨地吹西南风，多阴雨，D．④地吹东南风，多阴雨5．当B地气压达到全年最高值时，下列叙述正确的是A．长江中下游区受副热带高压控制B．地中海式气候区处于少雨季节C．亚欧大陆等温线向低纬突出D．塔里木河为丰水期下图为拍摄于台湾省野柳海岸地质公园的海洋生物化石照片，据图回答第6题。

6．该景观的形成过程顺序正确的是A．沉积作用一地壳抬升—海水侵蚀B．海水侵蚀一地壳抬升一沉积作用C．沉积作用一地壳抬升一风力侵蚀D．地壳抬升一沉积作用一海水侵蚀读右图，完成第7～8题7．有关右图中A河流特点叙述正确的是A．流量季节变化较大，有春汛和夏汛，有结冰期，含沙量较小B．流量季节变化较小，有结冰期，有凌汛现象，含沙量火C．河流自东北向西南流。

水位季节变化大，无结冰期D．流量变化主要受气温影响，年际变化小，季节变化大8．B地区存在的主要生态环境问题和自然灾害楚A．湿地破坏和滑坡、泥石流频发B．湿地破坏和寒潮引发的冻害C．水土流失和酸雨危害D．森林破坏和水土流失读“世界各大洲夜间照明状况图”，回答笫9题9．上图中能正确反映出的现象有①人口分布状况②农业发展水平⑨经济发展水平④环境质量状况A．①② B．①③ C．②⑧ D．②④2012年12月26日，京广高铁将正式开通运营。

北京市顺义区2019届高三理综第一次统练(一模)试题及答案

顺义区2019届高三第一次统练理科综合能力测试本试卷共14页，共300分。

考试时长150分钟。

考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

以下数据可供解题时参考：可能用到的相对原子质量：H 1 C 12 O 16 Na 23 S 32 Cl 35.5第一部分（选择题共120分）本部分共20小题，每小题６分，共120分。

在每小题列出的四个选项中，选出最符合题目要求的一项。

1．下列关于细胞呼吸的叙述，正确的是A．破伤风芽孢杆菌适宜生活在有氧的环境中B．无氧呼吸能产生ATP，但没有［H］的生成过程C．土壤长期淹水可导致玉米因无氧呼吸产生酒精而烂根D．有氧呼吸过程中［H］在线粒体基质中与氧结合生成水顺利完成的是2．下列实验在室温条件下不能．．A．DNA的鉴定和还原糖的检测B．蛋白质和脂肪的检测C．观察植物细胞的质壁分离和有丝分裂D．自制果酒和酒精检测3．下图表示一定时间内某一生态系统中的几个种群数量变化曲线，下列说法错误的是A．图中未表示出生态系统的成分是分解者和非生物的物质和能量B．照射在植物上的太阳能是流经此生态系统的总能量C．丙曲线中bc段下降的原因之一是因为甲的增多D．此生态系统的四种生物中丙处于第三营养级4．下列关于遗传实验和遗传规律的叙述，正确的是A．两对等位基因的遗传一定遵循自由组合定律B．自由组合定律的实质是指F1产生的雌雄配子之间自由组合C．子代性状分离比为1：1：1：1的两亲本基因型不一定是AaBb和aabbD．孟德尔两对相对性状的杂交实验中，F1产生4个比例为1：1：1：1的配子5．某生物的基因型是AaBb，下图表示体内一个正在进行减数分裂的细胞，下列说法正确的是A．此细胞是次级精母细胞或次级卵母细胞B．此细胞一定发生过交叉互换和染色体变异C．图示变异类型可使子代的基因组合的多样化D．A与a的分离仅发生于减数第一次分裂6. 下列变化过程不涉及化学反应的是．．．鞭炮和烟火的燃放 7.下列有关性质的比较，不能．．用元素周期律解释的是A ．密度： Na ＞KB ．稳定性：HCl ＞HBrC ．还原性：I¯＞Br¯D ．碱性：KOH ＞NaOH8. N 2和 H 2在催化剂表面合成氨的微观历程及能量变化的示意图如下，用、、分别表示N 2、H 2、NH 3，下列说法正确的是A. 使用催化剂，合成氨反应放出的热量减少B. 在该过程中，N 2、H 2断键形成N 原子和H 原子C. 在该过程中，N原子和H原子形成了含有非极性键的NH3D. 合成氨反应中，反应物断键吸收能量大于生成物形成新键释放的能量9. 脲醛塑料(UF)，俗称“电玉”，可制得多种制品，如日用品、电器元件等, 在一定条件下合成脲醛塑料的反应如下，下列说法中正确的是（尿素）（电玉）A. 合成脲醛塑料的反应为加聚反应B. 尿素与氰酸铵( NH4CNO ) 互为同系物C. 能发生水解反应D. 脲醛塑料平均相对分子质量为10000，平均聚合度为11110．Na2CO3和NaHCO3可作食用碱。

2019北京顺义区高三一模地理

2019北京顺义区高三一模地理第一部分(选择题共140分)本部分共35小题，每小题4分，共140分。

在每小题列出的四个选项中，选出最符合题目要求的一项在答题卡中涂黑。

2019年8月5日～8月21日，第31届夏季奥运会将在巴西里约热内卢举行。

读图1，回答第1～3题。

图11.巴西A．地势南高北低，城市多分布在北部平原B．亚马孙河径流量大，流经经济发达地区C．东南海域因寒暖流交汇，形成著名渔场D．里约热内卢比巴西利亚降水季节变化小2．奥运会期间，里约热内卢A．正值多雨季节，天气凉爽 B．正午太阳高度角逐渐增大C．日出越来越早，昼长夜短 D．地球自转线速度比北京慢3．与里约热内卢同纬度的大陆西岸A．受赤道低压带控制，高温多雨 B．河流众多，落差大，水能丰富C．有寒流经过，为热带荒漠景观 D．地处板块内部，地壳比较稳定图2是2019年1月22日08时海平面气压分布图（单位:百帕）。

读图，回答第4、5题。

4．图中A．①地比②地风速大B．①地比③地云量少C．②地比③地气温高D．②地比④地气压低5．该日A. 云、贵两省交界处可能出现雨雪天气B.北京风向偏北，即将有冷锋过境C. 西北地区受高压控制，出现降雪天气D.福建、广东沿海受到风暴潮袭击题。

图3为某地区地质构造剖面图，读图，回答第6图36.图中A.甲—山地成因与喜马拉雅山相同B.乙—向斜槽部岩层向下弯曲成谷C.丙—岩层受到挤压断裂抬升成山D.丁—背斜顶部受张力被侵蚀成谷2019年春晚舞台上，540个机器人伴着孙楠“冲冲冲，冲向最高的巅峰”的歌声，以非常完美的同步方式跳舞。

让所有观众赞叹不已。

据此，回答第7、8题。

7.机器人产业对所在地区科研水平及机械制造业整体水平要求高，最适合发展该产业的地区是A．珠江三角洲B．成渝城市群C．环渤海地区 D．东北老工业区8.机器人需求量大的地区特征有①劳动力成本低 ②制造业集中 ③科技水平高 ④能源丰富A ． ①③B ．①④C ．②③D ．②④图4为某地等高线地形图。

2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(北京卷)地理试题(含答案解析)

2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（北京卷）地理试题一、单选题(44分)某中学制作主题为“点亮中国”的宫灯，下图为学生手绘的设计图。

读图，完成下面小题。

1. 甲面中绘有多座大桥，可以推断所示区域A. 建桥成本低B. 水运条件缺乏C. 交通需求量大D. 人口迁移频繁2. 乙面的中国地图上1厘米代表实地距离约为A. 50千米B. 200千米C. 500千米D. 2 000千米3.平顶山市地处豫西山地向黄淮海平原的过渡地带。

下图为该市各观测点年平均降水量图。

读图，回答问题。

导致该市年平均降水量空间差异的主要因素是A. 太阳辐射B. 海陆位置C. 植被覆盖率D. 地形条件读图，完成下面小题。

4. 图示区域内A. 河流径流量季节变化大B. 湖泊水主要来自于运河C. 农田盐渍化现象较普遍D. 植被以落叶阔叶林为主5. 长江三角洲区域一体化发展可以促进该区域①乡镇数量明显增多②城市服务功能增强③第三产业结构趋同④工业地域联系紧密A. ①②B. ①③C. ②④D. ③④6.下图是中国某机场空调耗能变化示意图。

读图，回答问题。

该机场最可能位于A. 黑B. 青C. 港D. 黔7.下图为某日08时亚洲局部海平面气压分布图。

读图，回答问题。

图示区域A. ①地的风向为东南B. ②地有大雾出现C. ③地未来有强降水D. ④地寒暖流交汇8.下图示意某地商业和农业地租水平。

读图，回答问题。

该图体现A. 两种用地类型呈交错分布B. 两种地租变化率的差异小C. 商业用地向郊区持续扩展D. 农业用地受到政策的保护2019年1月31日《人民日报》以“4000公里，南菜北运”为标题，讲述了一名司机驾车从广西运输蔬菜水果至新疆的经历。

本次运输于1月27日从广西出发，途经贵州、重庆、四川、陕西、甘肃，1月30日晚到达新疆。

据此，完成下面小题。

9. 本次运输过程中，该车辆A. 由季风区进入非季风区B. 先后经过内流区和外流区C. 穿越秦岭和柴达木盆地D. 正午影子的长度保持不变10. 南菜北运对输出地的主要影响有①增加农民收入②加大保鲜技术投入③降低商业网点等级④改变城市内部路网结构A. ①②B. ①③C. ②④D. ③④11.莫霍面深度不一，下图为长江中下游某区域莫霍面的等深线分布图。

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2019北京顺义区高三一模
地理
第一部分(选择题共140分)
本部分共35小题，每小题4分，共140分。

在每小题列出的四个选项中，选出最符合题目要求的一项在答题卡中涂黑。

2019年8月5日～8月21日，第31届夏季奥运会将在巴西里约热内卢举行。

读图1，回答第1～3题。

图1
1.巴西
A．地势南高北低，城市多分布在北部平原
B．亚马孙河径流量大，流经经济发达地区
C．东南海域因寒暖流交汇，形成著名渔场
D．里约热内卢比巴西利亚降水季节变化小
2．奥运会期间，里约热内卢
A．正值多雨季节，天气凉爽 B．正午太阳高度角逐渐增大
C．日出越来越早，昼长夜短 D．地球自转线速度比北京慢
3．与里约热内卢同纬度的大陆西岸
A．受赤道低压带控制，高温多雨 B．河流众多，落差大，水能丰富
C．有寒流经过，为热带荒漠景观 D．地处板块内部，地壳比较稳定
图2是2019年1月22日08时海平面气压分布图（单位:百帕）。

读图，回答第4、5题。

4．图中
A．①地比②地风速大B．①地比③地云量少
C．②地比③地气温高D．②地比④地气压低
5．该日
A. 云、贵两省交界处可能出现雨雪天气
B.北京风向偏北，即将有冷锋过境
C. 西北地区受高压控制，出现降雪天气
D.福建、广东沿海受到风暴潮袭击
题。

图3为某地区地质构造剖面图，读图，回答第6
图3
6.图中
A.甲—山地成因与喜马拉雅山相同
B.乙—向斜槽部岩层向下弯曲成谷
C.丙—岩层受到挤压断裂抬升成山
D.丁—背斜顶部受张力被侵蚀成谷
2019年春晚舞台上，540个机器人伴着孙楠“冲冲冲，冲向最高的巅峰”的歌声，以非常完美的同步方式跳舞。

让所有观众赞叹不已。

据此，回答第7、8题。

7.机器人产业对所在地区科研水平及机械制造业整体水平要求高，最适合发展该产业的地区是
A．珠江三角洲B．成渝城市群C．环渤海地区 D．东北老工业区
8.机器人需求量大的地区特征有
①劳动力成本低 ②制造业集中 ③科技水平高 ④能源丰富
A ． ①③
B ．①④
C ．②③
D ．②④
图4为某地等高线地形图。

读图，回答第9题。

9. 图中
A ．甲地易发生泥石流
B ．乙地为山顶，海拔高度可能为260米
C ．丙地适宜游客露营
D ．丁地为陡崖，相对高度至少为100米
旅游预测是百度将大数据信息带入人民日常生活的产品之一。

百度大数据部依据旅游相关词搜索数量和实际
旅游人数之间的关系，建立了旅游预测模型，可以预测各旅游景点未来的人流趋势。

图5示意“北京市民春节期间国内旅游热点城市预测地图”。

读图，回答第10、11题。

10．据图可以推断，北京市民国内旅游人数 A ．湘比鄂多，豫比鲁多 B ．非季风区比季风区多 C ．黄土高原比华北平原多 D ．长江三角洲比四川盆地多 11.旅游预测地图
A ．信息收集借助RS 和GPS 技术
B ．具有直观、数据更新快的特点
C ．充分反映了旅游资源的分布特征
D ．可以预测北京未来人口流动方向
第二部分(非选择题 160分)
36.（36分）读图16，回答下列问题。

图4
图5
图16
(1)简述青藏高原生态环境脆弱的原因以及对聚落分布的影响。

（8分）
近年来由于全球气候变化和人类活动的影响，青海湖面积持续增大。

2019年8月，青海省气象科研所对青海
湖面积监测分析显示，青海湖面积为4432.32平方千米，达到2001年以来近15年的最大值。

（2）分析近年来全球气候变化对青海湖面积增大的影响（6分）
河西走廊是我国西北地区重要的粮棉生产基地。

(3）结合气候特点，分析河西走廊与中亚地区发展粮棉生产相似的优势条件和限制性因素，并提出应对措施。

（8分）
（4）分析河西走廊成为“古丝绸之路”和“新亚欧大陆桥”重要通道的原因。

（6分）
甘肃酒泉是世界最大的风力发电基地，图1为甘肃酒泉风力发电基
地景观图片。

（5）分析酒泉发展风力发电有利的自然条件及风力发电
代替燃煤发电对大气环境的影响。

（8分）
图17
40.（24分）在京津冀协同发展过程中，城市化进程不断加快。

在过去的20年，北京人口迅速上升。

十三五期间，北京将疏解非首都核心功能，开展与津冀地区的产业合作。

（1）分析影响北京人口迁移的“拉力”和“推力”的具体内容。

（10分）
41.（18分）红军长征是人类战争史上的奇迹。

广大红军指战员在长征途中表现出了一种精神，我们把它称之为“长征精神”。

红军长征途经贵州省（图23所示），“遵义会议旧址”为重要的旅游景点，近年来游客众多。

图23
（2）从旅游资源本身的角度，说明参观“遵义会议旧址”人数众多的原因，并分析暑假期间在贵州省旅游可能遭遇的风险。

（10分）
地理试题答案
一、
36．（36
（1）（8分）
原因：青藏高原海拔高；气温低；干旱；地质环境不稳定；导致植物生长较慢,生态环境脆弱。

影响：聚落数量较少；密度小；规模小；主要分布河谷地区。

（2）（6分）
青海湖流域河流以高山冰雪融水、山地降水补给为主；气候变暖，冰川消融加速，汇入青海湖的径流量增加；水分蒸发量大，导致青海湖流域降水量增加。

（3）（8分）
优势条件：温带大陆性气候；晴天多，日照时间长，光照充足；夏季高温，热量丰富；昼夜温差大；有利于
营养物质的积累。

限制性因素：降水
改造方式：修灌渠引水（冰雪融水或河水）灌溉；发展节水农业（喷、滴灌技术；提高水资源利用率；人工
降水）；培育和种植耐旱作物。

（4）（6分）
河西走廊地形平坦开阔；有淡水补给；是西北地区经济较发达（农业较发达）物产丰富的地区；人口和城市
分布较多。

（5）（8分）
有利自然条件：酒泉离冬季风源地近，风力较大，大风天数多；地处河西走廊西部，地势平坦开阔（地形的
狭管效应）；风力资源丰富；地质条件良好，适宜建设大型风电场。

影响：优化能源消费结构，改善大气环境质量；减少温室气体排放，缓解温室效应。

40.（24分）
（1）（10分）
拉力：北京经济发达；有更好的职业（就业机会多）；更高的收入；更好的生活条件；教育水平高；医疗保
障体系完善；交通、通信发达等。

推力：主要表现为人口增长过快、交通拥堵严重、公共服务与资源供应紧张、生态环境恶化等方面。

过大的
竞争压力；环境恶化，政策导向
41.（18分）
（2）(10分)
原因：特色突出（知名度高，著名的红色旅游资源）；历史文化价值高（教育功能强）；
周边旅游资源丰富多样（集群状况好）；与其他旅游景点的地域组合好。

（结构好,与其他旅游景点距离近）。

风险：亚热带季风气候，暑假期间降水多，易遭遇洪水；喀斯特地貌广布，山高坡陡，易遭遇滑坡、泥石流等地质灾害。

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