CATTI三级笔译综合能力资料
CATTI三级笔译综合能力真题和答案及解析
CATTI三级笔译综合能力考试试题及答案解析(一)一、Vocabulary Selection（本大题15小题．每题分，共分。
In this part, there are20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are four words or phrases respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only one right answer. ）第1题Since writing home to their parents for money, they had lived ________hope.A inB forC onD through【正确答案】：A【本题分数】：分【答案解析】固定搭配。
live in hope生活在希望中；live for为……而生活，盼望；live on继续生活，以……为主食，靠……生活；live through度过，经受过；根据句意应填A。
第2题________get older, the games they play become increasingly complex.A ChildrenB Children, when theyC As childrenD For children to【正确答案】：C【本题分数】：分【答案解析】语法应用。
本句逗号前是状语从句，空白处应填连词；主句主语是the games，因此选项A、B、D均不对；只有as“随着”符合句意，所以C为答案。
第3题Martin has created enough memorable ________to make it easy to forgive his lows.A youngstersB noblesC highsD miserables【正确答案】：C【本题分数】：分【答案解析】固定搭配。
CATTI三级笔译综合能力真题及答案解析
CATTI三级笔译综合能力考试试题及答案解析(一)一、Vocabulary Selection（本大题15小题．每题1.0分，共15.0分。
In this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are four words or phrases respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only one right answer. ）第1题Since writing home to their parents for money, they had lived________hope.A inB forC onD through【正确答案】：A【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】固定搭配。
live in hope生活在希望中；live for为……而生活，盼望；live on 继续生活，以……为主食，靠……生活；live through度过，经受过；根据句意应填A。
第2题________get older, the games they play become increasingly complex.A ChildrenB Children, when theyC As childrenD For children to【正确答案】：C【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】语法应用。
本句逗号前是状语从句，空白处应填连词；主句主语是the games，因此选项A、B、D均不对；只有as“随着”符合句意，所以C为答案。
第3题Martin has created enough memorable ________to make it easy to forgive his lows.A youngstersB noblesC highsD miserables【正确答案】：C【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】固定搭配。
CATTI三级笔译综合能力复习备考资料
全国翻译资格考试三级笔译综合能力资料推荐教材：1．《英语笔译综合能力3级》，外文，黄源深总主编，2006年版。
（黄皮书）2．《英语三级笔译考试真题精选》，外文，卢敏编，2006年版。
（蓝皮书）课外阅读材料：1．培基、喻云根等，《英汉翻译教程》。
：外语教育，1980年版。
2．宏薇，《新实用汉译英教程》。
：教育，1996年版。
3．柯平，《英汉与汉英翻译教程》。
：大学，1993年版。
4．瑞昌、喻云根，《汉英翻译教程》。
：人民，1983年版。
5．陆殿扬，《英汉翻译理论与技巧》（上、下册）。
：时代，1958年版。
6．莉藜，《英汉互译教程》。
：大学，1993年版。
7．仲英，《实用翻译教程》。
：外语教学与研究，1994年版。
8．庆华，《实用翻译教程》。
：外语教育，1997年版。
9．郭著章，《英汉互译实用教程》。
武昌：大学，1996年版。
10．申雨平，《实用英汉翻译教程》。
：外语教学与研究，2002年版。
11．古今明，《英汉翻译基础》。
：外语教育，2002年版。
12．恩冕、正中，《大学英汉翻译教程》。
：对外经济贸易大学，1998年版。
13．长拴，《非文学翻译理论与实践》。
：中国对外翻译出版公司。
14．桂华，《中式英语之鉴》。
：清华大学。
15．庄绎传，《英汉翻译简明教程》。
：外研社。
16．渊冲：《翻译的艺术》，五洲传播出版。
17．包惠南著：《文化语境与语言翻译》，中国对外翻译出版公司。
18．善芬等著：《英汉语言对比研究》，外语教育。
19．曾蕙兰：《进出口实用英语》，外文。
《汉英文化词典》，外语教育。
20．《翻译研究论文集》(1894-1948、1949-1983)(《翻译通讯》编辑部)21．《翻译理论与翻译技巧文集》，中国对外翻译出版公司。
22．Language, Culture, and Translation，by Eugene A. Nida, Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press词法、句法流派代表作陆殿扬：《英汉翻译理论与技巧》，商务印书馆。
英语笔译综合能力 三级
皮特.桑普拉斯用他独有的方式结束了他辉煌的网坛生涯，谦逊、随性、杰出。体坛中你会看到各种各样的退役，它们中的大多数令人在情感上难以接受甚至不忍观看。退役时，会有煽情的记者招待会；还有无止尽的纪念性巡游；更有为了复出而退役的退役，在这样的退役里，当他们再一次渴望别人的注意或者需要用钱的时候随时都会复出。几乎没有谁能够完美的离开。
他从未参加过任何一场其他联赛，拒绝一切采访。他只是简单的呆在家里陪着妻子和刚场比赛宣布退役，而不是最后一场。要知道，这个赛季的套票甚至还没有卖完。
Some may find this disappointing, but I find it to beutterlytrue to who Sampras is. He never trusted fame, and alwaysboxed upand guarded his ego.
Ataroundthe same time, he tried go to dinner at a Floridasteakhouse, only to find that the line for a table went out the door. Sampras, for perhaps the only time in his life, tried to use hisinfluence. He walked up to thehostessand asked for a table. The hostess didn’t know who he was. Sampras went to the back of the line, embarrassed, and never did it again.
CATTI三级笔译综合能力真题和答案及解析
CATTI三级笔译综合能力考试试题及答案解析(一)一、Vocabulary Selection（本大题15小题．每题1.0分，共15.0分。
In this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are four words or phrases respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only one right answer. ）第1题Since writing home to their parents for money, they had lived________hope.A inB forC onD through【正确答案】：A【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】固定搭配。
live in hope生活在希望中；live for为……而生活，盼望；live on 继续生活，以……为主食，靠……生活；live through度过，经受过；根据句意应填A。
第2题________get older, the games they play become increasingly complex.A ChildrenB Children, when theyC As childrenD For children to【正确答案】：C【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】语法应用。
本句逗号前是状语从句，空白处应填连词；主句主语是the games，因此选项A、B、D均不对；只有as“随着”符合句意，所以C为答案。
第3题Martin has created enough memorable ________to make it easy to forgive his lows.A youngstersB noblesC highsD miserables【正确答案】：C【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】固定搭配。
【免费下载】CATTI三级笔译综合能力资料
2．定语从句的前置合译法与后置分译法： Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate response will experience greater intellectual development. 译文：行为主义者认为, 如果儿童的成长环境里有许多刺激因素, 这些因素又有利于其适当 反应能力的发展, 那么, 儿童的智力就会发展到较高的水平。 The Greeks assumed that the structure of language had some connection with the process of thought, which took roots in Europe long before people realized how diverse languages could be. 译文：希腊人认为，语言结构与思维能力过程之间存在着某种联系。这一观点在人们尚未认 识到语言的千差万别以前就早已在欧洲扎下了根。
第三部分为开放性完型填空，20 空，共 20 分。题材广泛，选题多样。难度和专业四级 等同。 四、基本复习策略
综合能力课程作为三级笔译必修的课程，主要是考察学生对于英语基本知识的了解，特 别是对双语习惯的掌握，为了能够更好地为实务课程打下坚实的基础，所以希望每一位同学 都不要对这门课程产生掉以轻心的念头。根据个人经验，我个人推荐以下几个复习的策略：
最高级修饰先行词时）两（先行词同时出现人和物）序（序数词修饰先行词时）”五种情况。
CATTI三级笔译综合能力真题和答案及解析
CATTI三级笔译综合能力考试试题及答案解析(一)一、Vocabulary Selection（本大题15小题．每题1.0分，共15.0分。
In this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are four words or phrases respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only one right answer. ）第1题Since writing home to their parents for money, they had lived________hope.A inB forC onD through【正确答案】：A【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】固定搭配。
live in hope生活在希望中；live for为……而生活，盼望；live on 继续生活，以……为主食，靠……生活；live through度过，经受过；根据句意应填A。
第2题________get older, the games they play become increasingly complex.A ChildrenB Children, when theyC As childrenD For children to【正确答案】：C【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】语法应用。
本句逗号前是状语从句，空白处应填连词；主句主语是the games，因此选项A、B、D均不对；只有as“随着”符合句意，所以C为答案。
第3题Martin has created enough memorable ________to make it easy to forgive his lows.A youngstersB noblesC highsD miserables【正确答案】：C【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】固定搭配。
CATTI三级笔译综合能力详解
全国翻译资格考试三级笔译综合能力讲义第二部分定语从句的讲解、练习及译法1．that和which用法比较：1) which用于非限定性定语从句中。
e.g.: He said he was busy, which was not true.他说他很忙，那是假的。
We don’t want to enter the house, which is very cold.我们不想进房间，因为太冷了。
2) which用于介词后做宾语。
e.g.: The room of which windows are opposite to the room is large.窗户正对着海的房间很大。
The chair in which you are sitting is made of iron.你坐的椅子是用钢做的。
3) that一定用于“不（不定代词作先行词时）止（“只是”only修饰先行词时）最（形容词最高级修饰先行词时）两（先行词同时出现人和物）序（序数词修饰先行词时）”五种情况。
e.g.: All that you need is help. 你所需要的是帮助。
A lot of things and children that are full of the car were lost in the district.装满了车的东西和孩子们在这个地区失踪了。
That is only thing that I want to know.那是我唯一想知道的事情。
The last book that you bought is that I wanted to buy.你买的最后一本书是我想买的。
What is the size of the largest map that you have seen before你以前见过的最大的尺寸的地图有多大？2．定语从句的种类定语从句可分为非限定性定语从句（描绘性定语从句）和限定性定语从句。
CATTI三级笔译综合能力真题和答案及解析
CATTI三级笔译综合能力考试试题及答案解析(一)一、Vocabulary Selection（本大题15小题．每题1.0分，共15.0分。
In this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are four words or phrases respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only one right answer. ）第1题Since writing home to their parents for money, they had lived________hope.A inB forC onD through【正确答案】：A【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】固定搭配。
live in hope生活在希望中；live for为……而生活，盼望；live on 继续生活，以……为主食，靠……生活；live through度过，经受过；根据句意应填A。
第2题________get older, the games they play become increasingly complex.A ChildrenB Children, when theyC As childrenD For children to【正确答案】：C【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】语法应用。
本句逗号前是状语从句，空白处应填连词；主句主语是the games，因此选项A、B、D均不对；只有as“随着”符合句意，所以C为答案。
第3题Martin has created enough memorable ________to make it easy to forgive his lows.A youngstersB noblesC highsD miserables【正确答案】：C【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】固定搭配。
CATTI三级笔译考试经典复习资料全
1. 英译汉Just as Darwin discovered the law of development of organic nature so Marx discovered the law of development of human history, the simple fact , hitherto concealed by an overgrowth of ideology, that mankind must first of all eat, drink, have shelter and clothing before it can pursue politics, science, art, religion, etc; that, therefore the production of the immediate material means of subsistence and consequently the degree of economic development attained by a given people during a given epoch form the foundation upon which the state institutions, the legal conceptions, art, and even the ideas on religion, of the people concerned have been evolved, and in the light of which they must, therefore, be explained, instead of vice versa, as had hitherto been the case.英译汉：正如达尔文发现有机自然界的发展规律一样，马克思发现了人类历史的发展规律，即历来繁茂芜杂的意识形态所掩盖着的一个简单事实：人们首先要吃、要喝、要穿、要住，然后才能从事政治、科学、艺术、宗教等等;所以，生产直接与生活有关部门的物质用品，会为一个民族或一个时代带来一定的经济发展，这两者又构成了国家制度、法律观念、艺术以及宗教思想的基础。
CATTI三级笔译综合能力真题及解析汇报
CATTI三级笔译综合能力考试试题及答案解析(一)一、Vocabulary Selection（本大题15小题．每题1.0分，共15.0分。
In this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are four words or phrases respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only one right answer. ）第1题Since writing home to their parents for money, they had lived________hope.A inB forC onD through【正确答案】：A【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】固定搭配。
live in hope生活在希望中；live for为……而生活，盼望；live on 继续生活，以……为主食，靠……生活；live through度过，经受过；根据句意应填A。
第2题________get older, the games they play become increasingly complex.A ChildrenB Children, when theyC As childrenD For children to【正确答案】：C【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】语法应用。
本句逗号前是状语从句，空白处应填连词；主句主语是the games，因此选项A、B、D均不对；只有as“随着”符合句意，所以C为答案。
第3题Martin has created enough memorable ________to make it easy to forgive his lows.A youngstersB noblesC highsD miserables【正确答案】：C【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】固定搭配。
CATTI三级笔译综合能力真题和答案及解析
CATTI三级笔译综合能力考试试题及答案解析(一)一、Vocabulary Selection（本大题15小题．每题分，共分。
In this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are four wordsor phrases respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the wordor phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only one rightanswer. ）第1题Since writing home to their parents for money, they had lived________hope.A inB forC onD through【正确答案】：A【本题分数】：分【答案解析】固定搭配。
live in hope生活在希望中；live for为……而生活，盼望；live on 继续生活，以……为主食，靠……生活；live through度过，经受过；根据句意应填A。
第2题________get older, the games they play become increasingly complex.A ChildrenB Children, when theyC As childrenD For children to【正确答案】：C【本题分数】：分【答案解析】语法应用。
本句逗号前是状语从句，空白处应填连词；主句主语是the games，因此选项A、B、D均不对；只有as“随着”符合句意，所以C为答案。
第3题Martin has created enough memorable ________to make it easy to forgivehis lows.A youngstersB noblesC highsD miserables【正确答案】：C【本题分数】：分固定搭配。
catti三级笔译综合能力考试试题及答案解析(四)
catti三级笔译综合能力考试试题及答案解析(四)一、词汇翻译（每题2分，共20分）1. 社会主义核心价值观（core socialist values）2. 人工智能（artificial intelligence）3. 共享经济（sharing economy）4. 精准扶贫（targeted poverty alleviation）5. 绿色发展（green development）6. 一带一路（Belt and Road Initiative）7. 网络空间治理（cybersecurity governance）8. 创新驱动发展（innovation-driven development）9. 自由贸易区（free trade area）10. 智能制造（intelligent manufacturing）二、短语翻译（每题3分，共30分）11. 全面建设社会主义现代化国家（comprehensively build a socialist modern country）12. 脱贫攻坚战（the fight against poverty）13. 互联网+（Internet+）14. 新型大国关系（a new type of major-country relationship）15. 人民币国际化（renminbi internationalization）16. 智慧城市（smart city）17. 社会主义核心价值观教育（education on core socialist values）18. 生态补偿（ecological compensation）19. 中华民族优秀传统文化（the excellent traditional Chinese culture）20. 公平竞争（fair competition）三、篇章翻译（40分）请将以下中文文章翻译成英文：随着我国经济社会发展，人们的生活方式发生了翻天覆地的变化。
CATTI三级笔译综合能力真题和答案及解析
CATTI三级笔译综合能力考试试题及答案解析（一）一、Vocabulary Selection(本大题15小题．每题1。
0分，共15.0分。
In this part， there are 20 incomplete sentences。
Below each sentence， there are four words or phrases respectively marked by letters A， B， C and D。
Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence。
There is only one right answer. )第1题Since writing home to their parents for money, they had lived________hope。
A inB forC onD through【正确答案】：A【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】固定搭配.live in hope生活在希望中；live for为……而生活,盼望；live on 继续生活，以……为主食，靠……生活；live through度过，经受过;根据句意应填A。
第2题________get older, the games they play become increasingly complex.A ChildrenB Children, when theyC As childrenD For children to【正确答案】:C【本题分数】：1。
0分【答案解析】语法应用。
本句逗号前是状语从句，空白处应填连词；主句主语是the games，因此选项A、B、D均不对;只有as“随着"符合句意，所以C为答案。
第3题Martin has created enough memorable ________to make it easy to forgive his lows.A youngstersB noblesC highsD miserables【正确答案】：C【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】固定搭配。
2021年CATTI三级笔译综合能力附答案
CATTI三级笔译综合能力Section1：vocabulary and grammarPart1 vocabulary selection1. We have had to raise the prices of our products because of the increase in the cost of ___materials.A primitiveB .roughC originalD raw2. With an eight-hour week and little enjoyment，life must have been very ___for the students.A hostileB anxiousC tediousD obscure3. Whenever the government increases public services，___because more workers are needed to carry out these services.A employment to riseB employment risesC which rising employmentD the rise of employment4. Our flight to Guangzhou was___ by a bad fog and we had to stay much longer in the hotel than we had expected.A delayedB adjournedC cancelledD preserved5. Container-grown plants can be planted at any time of the year，but___ in winter.A should beB would beC preferredD preferably6. Both longitude and latitude___ in degrees，minutes and seconds.A measuringB measuredC are measuredD being measured7. Most comets have two kinds of tails，one made up of dust，___ made up of electrically charged particles called plasma.A one anotherB the otherC other onesD each other8. Good pencil erasers are soft enough not___ paper but hard enough so tat they crumble gradually when used.A by damagingB so that they damagingC to damageD damaging9. The magician picked several persons___ from the audience and asked tem to help him with the performance.A by accidentB at randomC on occasionD on average10. On turning the corner，they saw the path___ steeply.A departingB descendingC decreasingD degenerating11. English language publications in China are growing in volume and___.A circulationB rotationC circumstanceD appreciating12. Hydroponics___ the cultivation of plants without soil.A doesB isC doD .are13. To impose computer technology___ teachers is to create an environment that is not conducive to learning.A withB toC inD on14. Marketing is___ just distributing goods from the manufacturer to the final customer.A rather thanB other thanC bigger thanD more than15. ___ a language family is a group of languages with a common origin and similar vocabulary，grammar，and sound system.A What linguists callB It is called by linguistsC Linguists call itD What do linguists call16. In the eighteenth century，the town of Bennington，Vermont，was famous for___ pottery.A it madeB itsC the makingD where its17. ___ get older，the games they play become increasingly complex.A ChildrenB Children，when theyC As childrenD For children to18. ___ of his childhood home in Hannibal，Missouri，provided Mark Twain with the inspiration for two of his most popular novels.A RememberingB MemoriesC It was the memoriesD He remembered19. Dust storms most often occur in areas where the ground has little vegetation to protect___ of the wind.A From the effectsB it the effectsC it from the effectsD the effects from it20. Most nurses are women，but in the higher ranks of the medical profession women are a___.A scarcityB minorityC minimumD shortagePart2 vocabulary replacement21. Shellfish give the deceptive appearance of enjoying a peaceful existence，although in fact life is a constant struggle for them.A misleadingB calmC understandableD initial22. The most striking technological success in the 20th century is probably the computer revolution.A profitableB productiveC prominentD prompt23. Scientific evidence from different disciplines demonstrates that in most humans the left hemisphere of the brain controls language.A. groups of follows B years C countries D fields of study24. Public relations practice is the deliberate，planned and sustained effort to establish and maintain mutual understanding between an organization and its publicA completeB relatedC intentionalD active25. The use of the new technology will have a profound effect on schools.A negativeB positiveC strongD useful26. If we look at the Chinese and British concepts of hospitality，we find one majorsimilarity but a number of important differences.A hostilityB friendlinessC mannerD culture27. In just three years，the Net has gone from a playground for the local people toa vast communications and trading center where millions swap information or do deals around the world.A businessB shoppingC chattingD meeting28. Most species of this plant thrive in ordinary well-drained garden soil and they are best planted 8cm deep and 5cm apart.A develop wellB grow tallerC matureD bear fruit29. Motivation is the driving force within individuals that impels them to action.A impedesB interferesC holdsD pushes30. The ultimate cause of the Civil War was the bombardment of Fort Sumter.A. only B final C true D special31. No hero of ancient or modern days can surpass the Indians with their lofty contempt of death and the fortitude with which they sustain its cruelest affliction.A regardB courageC lossD track32. The service economy doesn’t suggest that we convert our factories into laundries to survive.A implyB persuadeC hurlD transform33. It was rather strange how the habits of his youth clung to him still. He was 72.A stuck toB turnedC led toD gave way to34. He has a touch of eccentricity in his composition.A. essay B writing C character D manner35. Jim was a stout old gentleman，with a weather-beaten countenance.A bodyB skinC shoulderD passionate interestPart3 error correction36. Not much people realize that apples have been cultivated for over 3,000 years.A Not manyB Not enoughC Without manyD No many37. The eastern bluebird is considered the most attractive bird native of North America by many bird-watchers.A nativeB native withC native byD native to38. All living creatures pass on inherited traits from one generation to other.A the otherB anotherC the otherD other one39. Furniture makers use glue to hold joints together and sometimes to reinforce it.A itsB fastC hardD them40. The hard，out surface of the tooth is called enamel.A outsideB appearanceC outerD hiding41. The earliest form of artificial lighting was fire，which also provided warm and protection.A hotB sunshineC warmthD safe42. All mammals have hair，but not always evident.A but it is notB but it isC but they are notD but they are43. A professor of economic and history at Atlanta University，W.E.B. Du Bois，promoted full racial equality.A economyB economicsC economicalD economic44. Machines that use hydraulic pressure including elevators，dentist chairs，and automobile brakes.A excludeB excludingC includeD are included45. The first recorded use of nature gas to light street lamps it was in the town of Frederick，New York，in 1825.A wasB isC it isD were46. Although the social sciences different a great deal from one another，they sharea common interest in human relationship.A moveB differC changeD varies47. Unlike competitive running，race walkers must always keep some portion of their feet in contact of the ground.A runB runnerC runnersD running race48. A promising note is a written agreement to pay a certain sum of money at some time future.A time futuresB futuresC futures timeD future time49. New York City surpassed the other Atlantic seaports in partly because it developed the best transportation links with the interior of the country.A partB partialC partnerD parting50. All root vegetables grow underground，and not all vegetables that grow underground are roots.A butB orC asD thusSection2：reading comprehension(1)Phyllis Wheatley is regarded as America’s first black poet. She was born in Senegal，Africa，about 1753 and brought to America abroad a slave ship at about the age of seven. John and Susannah Wheatley bought her for three pounds at a slave auction in Boston in 1761 to be a personal servant of Mrs. Wheatley. The family had three other slaves，and all were treated with respect. Phyllis was soon accepted as one of the family，which included being raised and educated with the Wheatley’s twin 15- year-old children，Mary and Nathaniel. At that time，most females，even from betterfamilies，could not read and write，but Mary was probably one of the best educated young women in Boston. Mary wanted to become a teacher，and in fact，it was Mary who decided to take charge of Phyllis’s education. Phyllis soon displayed her remarkable talents. At the age of twelve she was reading the Greek and Latin classics and passages from the Bible. And eventually，Mrs. Wheatley decided Phyllis should become a Christian.At the age of thirteen Phyllis wrote her first poem. She became a Boston sensation after she wrote a poem on the death of the evangelical preacher George Whitfield in 1770. It became common practice in Boston to have “Mrs. Wheatley’s Phyllis” read poetry in polite society. Mary married in 1771，and Phyllis later moved to the country because of poor health，as a teacher and caretaker to a farmer’s three children. Mary had tried to interest publishers in Phyllis’s poems but once they heard she was a Negro they weren’t interested.Then in 1773 Phyllis went with Nathaniel，who was now a businessman，to London. It was thought that a sea voyage might improve her health. Thirty-nine of her poems were published in London as Poems on Various Subjects，Religious and Moral. It was the first book published by a black American. In 1775 Phyllis wrote a poem extolling the accomplishments of George Washington and sent it to him. He responded by praising her talents and inviting her to visit his headquarters. After both of her benefactors died in 1777，and Mary died in1778，Phyllis was freed as a slave. She married in 1778，moved away from Boston，and had three children. But after the unhappy marriage，she moved back to Boston，and died in poverty at the age of thirty.51. What does the passage mainly discuss?A. Slavery and the treatment of the black people in America.B. The Wheatley family，including their slaves.C. The life of America’s first black poet.D. The achievements of Phyllis Wheatley.52. The underlined word “respect” in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to___.A. considerationB. disregardC. punishment D behavior53. According to the passage，how many slaves did the Wheatley’s have?A. OneB. TwoC. ThreeD. Four54. According to the passage，an unusual feature of Mary was that she___.A. was not much older than PhyllisB. wanted to become a teacherC. was comparatively well educatedD. decided to take charge of Phyllis’s education55. The underlined word “eventually” in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to___.A. ultimatelyB. slowlyC. reluctantlyD. gradually56. Which of the following is NOT true about Phyllis in the early 1770s?A. She wrote her first poem when in her teens.B. She married in 1771.C. She became a teacher.D. She was be able to get her poems published.57. The underlined word “they” in Paragraph 2 refers to___.A publishersB poemsC childrenD black people58. It can be inferred that Phyllis’s trip to England with Nathaniel in 1773___.A. did not improve her healthB. was for business reasonsC. led to books of her poems being available in AmericaD. led to the publication of her poems because the English were more interestedin religious and moral subjects59. The word “extolling” is closest in meaning to___A. She would have been more recognized as a poet if she had not been black.B. She would have written poetry if she had stayed in Africa.C. She went unrecognized as a poet during her lifetime.D. She only wrote religious poetry.(2)About fifty years ago，plant physiologists set out to grow roots by themselves in solutions in laboratory flasks. The scientists found that the nutrition of isolated roots was quite simple. They required sugar and the usual minerals and vitamins. However，they did not require organic nitrogen compounds. These roots got along fine on mineral inorganic nitrogen. Roots are capable of making their own proteins and other organic compounds. These activities by roots require energy，of course. The process of respiration uses sugar to make the high energy compound ATP，which drives the biochemical reactions. Respiration also require oxygen. Highly active roots require a good deal of oxygen.The study of isolated roots has provided an understanding of the relationship between shoots and roots in intact plants. The leaves of the shoots provide the roots with sugar and vitamins，and the roots provide the shoots with water and minerals. In addition，roots can provide the shoots with organic nitrogen compounds. This comes in handy for the growth of buds in the early spring when leaves are not yet functioning. Once leaves begin photosynthesizing，they produce protein，but only mature leaves can “export” protein to the rest of the plant in the form of amino acids.61. What is the main topic of the passage?A. The relationship between a plant’s roots and its shoots.B. What can be learned by growing roots in isolation.C. How plants can be grown without roots.D. What elements are necessary for the growth of plants.62. The underlined word “themselves” in Paragraph 1 refers to___.A. plant physiologistsB. solutionsC. laboratory flasksD. roots63. The scientists found what the isolated roots need is___.A. quite naturalB. sugar，minerals and vitaminsC. some rare vitaminsD. organic nitrogen compounds64. Roots have the ability to___.A. make proteinsB. obtain fresh airC. produce inorganic nitrogenD. carry out activities without energy65. According to the passage，what is ATP?A. A biochemical processB. The tip of a rootC. A chemical compoundD. A type of plant cell66. The underlined word “intact” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to___.A. matureB. wildC. wholeD. tiny67. The use of the phrase “comes in handy” underlined in Paragraph 2 indicates that the process is___.A. unavoidableB. predictableC. necessaryD. successful68. It can be inferred from the passage that，in the early spring，the buds of plants___.A. “export” protein in the form of amino acidsB. do not require waterC. have begun photosynthesizingD. obtain organic compounds from the root69. Which of the following best describes the organization of the passage?A. The results of two experiments are compared.B. A generalization is made，and several examples of it are given.C. The findings of an experiment are explained.D. A hypothesis is presented，and several means of proving it are suggested.70. Where is this passage likely to be found?A. A newsletter.B. A magazineC. A storybookD. A novel(3)Natural flavorings and fragrances are often costly and limited in supply. For example，the vital ingredient in a rose fragrance is extracted from natural rose oil at a cost of thousands of dollars a pound；an identical synthetic substance can be made for 1% of this cost. Since the early twentieth century，success in reproducing these substances has created a new industry that today produces hundreds of artificial flavors and fragrances.Some natural fragrances are easily synthesized；these include vanillin，the aromatic ingredient in vanilla，and benzaldehyde，the aromatic ingredient in wild cherries. Other fragrances，however，have dozens，even hundreds of components. Only recently has it been possible to separate and identify these ingredients by the use of gas chromatography and spectroscopy. Once the chemical identity is known，it is often possible to synthesize them. Nevertheless，some complex substances such as the aroma of fresh coffee，have still not been duplicated satisfactorily.Many of the chemical compounds making up these synthetics are identical to those found in nature，and are as harmless or harmful as the natural substances. New products must be tested for safety，and when used in food，must be approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.The availability of synthetic flavors and fragrances has made possible a largevariety of products，from inexpensive beverages to perfumed soap to used cars with applied “new car odor”.71. From the passage we can learn that___.A. natural flavorings and fragrances are not quite dearB. the limitation of natural flavorings and fragrances is clearC. the supply of natural flavorings and fragrances is adequate to meet the demandD. the cost of producing natural flavorings and fragrances is high72. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. Natural rose fragrance is 100 times more expensive to produce than artificial rose fragrance.B. The most important ingredient in a rose fragrance is obtained from natural rose oil at a low cost.C. A different synthetic substance can be made for 1% of the cost.D. Natural rose oil costs the same as its fragrances.73. The industry of producing hundreds of artificial flavors and fragrances probably appeared in___.A. B. 1953 C.1909 D.181074. According to the passage，all the following are easier to synthesize EXCEPT___.A. aromatic ingredient in vanillaB. vanillaC. aromatic ingredient in wild cherryD. the flavor of flesh coffee75. The underlined word “duplicated” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to___.A. make doubleB. make a copy ofC. produce something equal toD. take from76. Why does the author mention fresh coffee in Paragraph 2?A. As an example of complex substances having not been duplicated satisfactorily.B. Because the coffee fragrance is hard to produce.C. To conclude the passageD. If spectroscopy is adopted.77. ___，a substance can be synthesized.A. Upon identifying the basic components of itB. Once chemically analyzedC. When gas chromatography is usedD. If spectroscopy is adopted78. It can be inferred from the passage that___.A. vanillin is easier to synthesize than benzaldehydeB. not all synthetic flavors are harmlessC. in general，the less components there are in fragrance，the harder it is to synthesizeD. synthesized substances must be tested for safety only if they are used in food79. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A. How to Synthesize FragrancesB. Synthetic Substances Are Easy to MakeC. Natural Flavorings and FragrancesD. Synthetic Flavors and Fragrances80. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A. Synthetic fragrances can be used to make a used car smell like a new one.B. Synthetic flavors and fragrances have added to the varieties of products.C. Lemon soap is made out of some delicious lemon.D. It is likely that a bottle of orange juice is synthesized.(4)Some people associate migration with birds. Birds to travel vast distances，but mammals also migrate. An example is the caribou，reindeer that graze on the grassy slopes of northern Canada. When the weather turns cold，they travel south until spring. Their tracks are so well-worn that they are clearly visible from the air. Another migrating mammal is the Alaska fur seal. Theses seals breed only in the Pribilot Islands in the Bering Sea. The young are born in June and by September are strong enough to go with their mothers on a journey of over 3,000 miles. Together they swim down the Pacific Coast of North America. The females and young travel as far as southern California. The males do not journey so far. They swim only to the Gulf of Alaska. In the spring，males and females all return to the islands，and there the cycle begins again. Whales are among the greatest migrators of all. The humpback and blue whales migrate thousands of miles each year from the polar seas to the tropics. Wales eat huge quantities of plankton. These are most abundant in cold polar waters. In winter，the whales move to warm waters to breed and give birth to their young.81. From the passage we can learn that___.A. people migrate like animalsB. only birds migrateC. the females fur seals migrate only to the Gulf of AlaskaD. not all mammals migrate82. The phrase “An example” underlined in Paragraph 1 refers to an example of a___.A. migratory mammalB. place where animals migrateC. migrating birdsD. person who associates migration with birds83. All the mammals are mentioned as migrating ones EXCEPT___.A. caribouB. fin whaleC. reindeerD. Alaska fur seal84. Where can you see from the air the migration of the mammals?A. In the Pribilot Islands.B. In the Bering SeaC. In southern CaliforniaD. In northern Canada85. Which of the following is NOT true?A. Wales breed in winter.B. Young whales are given birth in cold waters.C. Alaska fur seals give birth to the young only in one area.D. Alaska fur seals are born in warm weather.86. Together___ of Alaska fur seals swim down the Pacific Coast of North America.A. mothers and the youngB. fathers and the youngC. parents and the youngD. seals and whales87. Which of the following is NOT described inn the passage?A. Whales migrate to breed and give birth to their young.B. Whale-watching in Boston in summer is attracting.C. Seals breed in the north before migration.D. Reindeer feed on grass.88. Whales live on___.A. tiny plants and animals in the sea.B. the grassy slopes of northern Canada.C. their young in cold winter.D. the abundant seafood in tropic waters.89. How many kinds of migrating mammals are mentioned in the passage?A. FourB. ThreeC. TwoD. One90. What is the best title of the passage?A. Three Types of WhalesB. Birds MigrationC. Mammals Also MigrateD. Several Kinds of Migration(5)Electronic mail has become an extremely important and popular means of communication.Te convenience and efficiency of electronic mail are threatened by the extremely rapid growth in the volume of unsolicited commercial electronic mail. Unsolicited commercial electronic mail is currently estimated to account for over half of all electronic mail traffic，up from an estimated 7 percent in ，and the volume continues to rise. Most of these messages are fraudulent or deceptive in one or more respects.The receipt of unsolicited commercial electronic mail may result in costs to recipients who cannot to refuse to accept such mail and who incur costs for the storage of such mail，or for the time spent accessing，reviewing，and discarding such mail，or for both. The receipt of a large number of unwanted messages also decreases the convenience of the electronic mail and creates a risk that anted electronic mail messages，both commercial and noncommercial，will be lost，overlooked，or discarded amidst the larger volume of unwanted messages，thus reducing the reliability andusefulness of electronic mail to the recipient. Some commercial electronic mail contains material that many recipients may consider vulgar or pornographic in nature.The growth in unsolicited commercial electronic mail imposes significant monetary costs on providers of Internet access services，businesses，and educational and nonprofit institutions that carry and receives such mail，as there is a finite volume of mail that such providers，businesses，and institutions can handle without further investment in infrastructure. Many senders of unsolicited commercial electronic mail purposefully disguise the source of such mail.Many senders of unsolicited commercial electronic mail purposefully include misleading information in the messages’ subject lines in order to induce the recipients to view the messages. While some senders of commercial electronic mail messages provide simple and reliable ways for recipients to reject (or ‘opt-out’of) receipt of commercial electronic mail from such senders in the future，other senders provide no such ‘opt-out’ mechanism，or refuse to honor the requests of recipients not to receive electronic mail from such senders in the future，or both.Many senders of bulks unsolicited commercial electronic mail use computer programs to gather large numbers of electronic mail addresses on an automated basis from Internet websites or online services where users must post their addresses in order to make full use of the website or service.The problems associated with the rapid growth and abuse of unsolicited commercial electronic mail cannot be solved by the government alone. The development and adoption of technological approaches and the pursuit of cooperative efforts with other countries will be necessary as well.91. According to the passage，efficiency of e-mail is threatened by___.A. heavy e-mail trafficB. fraudulent e-mail messagesC. large volume of messagesD. increasing amount of unwanted e-mail92. Which of the following is NOT true about unwanted e-mail?A. It costs money to receive them.B. It’s free to store them.C. It takes time to access them.D. It takes time to throw them away.93. Unwanted e-mail may___.A. cause companies to fail in businessB. cause wanted e-mail messages to loseC. damage the credit of a companyD. do good to a small company94. “Pornographic” in Paragraph 3 probably means___.A. decentB. instructionalC. sexualD. commercial95. What does unwanted e-mail messages do to the providers of the Internet services?A. Raising their costB. Raising the Internet speedC. Improving their businessD. Attracting investment96. “Disguise” in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to___.A. revealB. hideC. deliverD. post97. The word “induce” in Paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to___.A. cheatB. introduceC. provideD. harm98. “Opt-out” mechanism is probably___.A. a machine that can be attached to your computerB. a button that you can make a choice to read or not to readC. a software that you can play a computer gameD. an e-mail that says some good words to you99. It can be inferred from Paragraph 6 that bulk unsolicited commercial e-mail will probably spread___.A. harmful virusB. unpleasant newsC. advertisementsD. adult jokes100. The unwanted e-mail problem can be solved if___.A. the government takes actionB. a new technology is adoptedC . more people are aware of the problemD. joint efforts are made and new technology is usedSection3：cloze testInsurance is the sharing of ___ (1). Nearly everyone is exposed ___ (2) risk of some sort. The house Owner，for example，knows that his ___ (3) can be damaged by fire；the ship owner knows that his Vessel may be lost at ea；the breadwinner knows that he may die by ___ (4) and ___ (5) his family in poverty. On the other hand，not every house is damaged by fire or every vessel lost at sea. If these persons each put a ___ (6) sum of money into a pool，there will be enough to ___ (7) the needs of few who do suffer ___ (8). In other words the losses of the few are met from the contributions of the ___ (9). This is the basis of ___( 10). Those who pay the contributions are known as ___ (11) and those who administer the pool of the contributions as insurer.The ___ (12) for an insurance naturally depends on how the risk is to happen as suggested ___ (13) past experience. If the companies fix their premiums too ___ (14)，。
CATTI三级笔译综合能力复习备考资料全
全国翻译资格考试三级笔译综合能力资料推荐教材：1．《英语笔译综合能力3级》，外文出版社，黄源深总主编，2006年版。
（黄皮书）2．《英语三级笔译考试真题精选》，外文出版社，卢敏编，2006年版。
（蓝皮书）课外阅读材料：1．张培基、喻云根等，《英汉翻译教程》。
上海：上海外语教育出版社，1980年版。
2．陈宏薇，《新实用汉译英教程》。
武汉：湖北教育出版社，1996年版。
3．柯平，《英汉与汉英翻译教程》。
北京：北京大学出版社，1993年版。
4．吕瑞昌、喻云根，《汉英翻译教程》。
西安：陕西人民出版社，1983年版。
5．陆殿扬，《英汉翻译理论与技巧》（上、下册）。
北京：时代出版社，1958年版。
6．杨莉藜，《英汉互译教程》。
开封：河南大学出版社，1993年版。
7．范仲英，《实用翻译教程》。
北京：外语教学与研究出版社，1994年版。
8．冯庆华，《实用翻译教程》。
上海：上海外语教育出版社，1997年版。
9．郭著章，《英汉互译实用教程》。
武昌：武汉大学出版社，1996年版。
10．申雨平，《实用英汉翻译教程》。
北京：外语教学与研究出版社，2002年版。
11．古今明，《英汉翻译基础》。
上海：上海外语教育出版社，2002年版。
12．王恩冕、李正中，《大学英汉翻译教程》。
北京：对外经济贸易大学出版社，1998年版。
13．李长拴，《非文学翻译理论与实践》。
北京：中国对外翻译出版公司。
.专业资料.14．姜桂华，《中式英语之鉴》。
北京：清华大学出版社。
15．庄绎传，《英汉翻译简明教程》。
北京：外研社。
16．许渊冲：《翻译的艺术》，五洲传播出版社出版。
17．包惠南著：《文化语境与语言翻译》，中国对外翻译出版公司。
18．何善芬等著：《英汉语言对比研究》，上海外语教育出版社。
19．曾蕙兰：《进出口实用英语》，外文出版社。
《汉英中华文化词典》，上海外语教育出版社。
20．《翻译研究论文集》(1894-1948、1949-1983)(《翻译通讯》编辑部)21．《翻译理论与翻译技巧文集》，中国对外翻译出版公司。
CATTI三级笔译综合能力真题和答案与解析
CATTI三级笔译综合能力考试试题及答案解析(一)一、Vocabulary Selection（本大题15小题．每题1.0分，共15.0分。
In this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are four words or phrases respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only one right answer. ）第1题Since writing home to their parents for money, they had lived ________hope.A inB forC onD through【正确答案】：A【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】固定搭配。
live in hope生活在希望中；live for为……而生活，盼望；live on继续生活，以……为主食，靠……生活；live through度过，经受过；根据句意应填A。
第2题________get older, the games they play become increasingly complex.A ChildrenB Children, when theyC As childrenD For children to【正确答案】：C【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】语法应用。
本句逗号前是状语从句，空白处应填连词；主句主语是the games，因此选项A、B、D均不对；只有as“随着”符合句意，所以C为答案。
第3题Martin has created enough memorable ________to make it easy to forgive his lows.A youngstersB noblesC highsD miserables【正确答案】：C【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】固定搭配。
CATTI三级笔译综合能力真题及答案及解析
CATTI三级笔译综合能力考试试题及答案解析(一)一、Vocabulary Selection（本大题15小题．每题1.0分，共15.0分。
In this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are four words or phrases respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only one right answer. ）第1题Since writing home to their parents for money, they had lived________hope.A inB forC onD through【正确答案】：A【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】固定搭配。
live in hope生活在希望中；live for为……而生活，盼望；live on 继续生活，以……为主食，靠……生活；live through度过，经受过；根据句意应填A。
第2题________get older, the games they play become increasingly complex.A ChildrenB Children, when theyC As childrenD For children to【正确答案】：C【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】语法应用。
本句逗号前是状语从句，空白处应填连词；主句主语是the games，因此选项A、B、D均不对；只有as“随着”符合句意，所以C为答案。
第3题Martin has created enough memorable ________to make it easy to forgive his lows.A youngstersB noblesC highsD miserables【正确答案】：C【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】固定搭配。
CATTI三级笔译综合能力真题和答案及解析
CATTI三级笔译综合能力考试试题及答案解析(一）一、Vocabulary Selection(本大题15小题．每题1。
0分，共15.0分。
In this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences。
Below each sentence, there are four words or phrases respectively marked by letters A， B, C and D。
Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence。
There is only one right answer. )第1题Since writing home to their parents for money， they had lived________hope。
A inB forC onD through【正确答案】：A【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】固定搭配。
live in hope生活在希望中；live for为……而生活，盼望；live on 继续生活，以……为主食，靠……生活；live through度过，经受过；根据句意应填A。
第2题________get older， the games they play become increasingly complex.A ChildrenB Children， when theyC As childrenD For children to【正确答案】：C【本题分数】：1。
0分【答案解析】语法应用.本句逗号前是状语从句,空白处应填连词；主句主语是the games，因此选项A、B、D均不对;只有as“随着"符合句意，所以C为答案。
第3题Martin has created enough memorable ________to make it easy to forgive his lows。
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全国翻译资格考试三级笔译综合能力讲义第一节考试内容介绍、定语从句讲解、练习及译法第一部分考试介绍一、考试题型词汇和语法部分50题25分25分钟阅读理解50题55分75分钟完型填空20题20分20分钟二、考试要求掌握本大纲要的英语词汇；掌握并能够正确运用双语语法；具备对常用问题英语文章的阅读理解能力。
三、笔译综合能力试题的基本类型第一部分词汇和语法部分可分为三大部分：词汇选择（Vocabulary and Grammar）1-20难度大约在四级左右；词语替代（Vocabulary Selection）21-40主要找出和划横线部分相同意思的词汇，难度在4级到6级之间；改错（Error Correction）主要有词汇和语法的两种错误。
第一部分考察的内容主要为近义词的辨析、短语介词和动词词组的搭配；语法点主要包括定语从句、状语从句、名词性从句、虚拟语气、非谓语动词等等。
在其后会分专题来讲解。
第二部分阅读理解共5篇，字数在每篇150-450字之间，绝大多数在250字左右，每篇有5到10题，不定量。
题材广泛，选题多样。
类似于四级以上难度和题型，但是和专业四级题型更加相似。
第三部分为开放性完型填空，20空，共20分。
题材广泛，选题多样。
难度和专业四级等同。
四、基本复习策略综合能力课程作为三级笔译必修的课程，主要是考察学生对于英语基本知识的了解，特别是对双语习惯的掌握，为了能够更好地为实务课程打下坚实的基础，所以希望每一位同学都不要对这门课程产生掉以轻心的念头。
根据个人经验，我个人推荐以下几个复习的策略：第一、要对大纲的词汇做到十分熟悉，这种熟悉不是简单地认识，而是要学会使用，特别是在没有字典的帮助之下可以迅速而准确地判断搭配。
第二、对于语法结构的重视，但凡是学翻译就必须要对语法结构有着深入的了解，这种了解不是简单地会划分句子成分，而是将每个句子如何组合，这将决定你实务中的句型翻译的关键。
第三，阅读能力要强。
任何考试都是得阅读者得天下，咱们的综合能力考试也不除外。
包括实务考试，如果文章内容没有弄明白，那么对文章的翻译肯定是不行的。
以上三点经验之谈，仅供参考。
定语从句的讲解、练习及译法1．that和which用法比较：1) which用于非限定性定语从句中。
e.g.: He said he was busy, which was not true.他说他很忙，那是假的。
We don’t want to enter the house, which is very cold.我们不想进房间，因为太冷了。
2) which用于介词后做宾语。
e.g.: The room of which windows are opposite to the room is large.窗户正对着海的房间很大。
The chair in which you are sitting is made of iron.你坐的椅子是用钢做的。
3) that一定用于“不（不定代词作先行词时）止（“只是”only修饰先行词时）最（形容词最高级修饰先行词时）两（先行词同时出现人和物）序（序数词修饰先行词时）”五种情况。
e.g.: All that you need is help. 你所需要的是帮助。
A lot of things and children that are full of the car were lost in the district.装满了车的东西和孩子们在这个地区失踪了。
That is only thing that I want to know.那是我唯一想知道的事情。
The last book that you bought is that I wanted to buy.你买的最后一本书是我想买的。
What is the size of the largest map that you have seen before?你以前见过的最大的尺寸的地图有多大？2．定语从句的种类定语从句可分为非限定性定语从句（描绘性定语从句）和限定性定语从句。
e.g.: They don’t like that person who is noisy.他们不喜欢那个吵闹的人。
*非限定性定语从句（描绘性定语从句）和先行词关系紧密，不可省略。
e.g.: They don’t like that person, who is noisy.他们不喜欢那个人，因为他太吵闹了。
*限定性定语从句和先行词关系疏松，用逗号和主句隔开，可以省略。
它翻译时，相当于一个状语从句。
译法：1．定语从句的前置合译法：On the whole, such a conclusion can be drawn with a certain degree of confidence, but only if the child can be assumed to have had the same attitude towards the test as the others with whom he is being compared, and only if he was not punished by lack of relevant information which they possessed.译文：总的来说，得出这种结论是有一定程度把握的，但是必须具备两个条件：能够假定这个孩子对测试的态度和与他比较的另一些孩子的态度相同；他也没有因为缺乏别的孩子已掌握的有关知识而被扣分。
2．定语从句的前置合译法与后置分译法：Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate response will experience greater intellectual development.译文：行为主义者认为, 如果儿童的成长环境里有许多刺激因素, 这些因素又有利于其适当反应能力的发展, 那么, 儿童的智力就会发展到较高的水平。
The Greeks assumed that the structure of language had some connection with the process of thought, which took roots in Europe long before people realized how diverse languages could be.译文：希腊人认为，语言结构与思维能力过程之间存在着某种联系。
这一观点在人们尚未认识到语言的千差万别以前就早已在欧洲扎下了根。
3．定语从句的溶合变译法；This assumption rests on the fallacy of the inherent laziness in human nature; actually, aside from abnormally lazy people, there would be very few who would not want to earn more than the minimum, and who would prefer to do nothing rather than work.(48 words)译文：这种假设是依据这样的一种谬论：人的本性中存在天生的惰性。
而实际上，除了特别懒惰的人以外，几乎没有人愿意挣只相当于最低生活维持费的钱，也没有人愿意饱食终日、无所事事。
定语从句翻译练习：1.Prior to the twentieth century, women in novels were stereotypes of lacking any features that made them unique individuals and were also subject to numerous restrictions imposed by the male-dominated culture.在20世纪以前, 小说中的妇女像都是一个模式。
她们没有任何特点, 因而无法成为具有个性的人; 他们还要屈从于由男性主宰的文化传统强加给他们的种种束缚。
2. Aluminum remained unknown until the nineteenth century, because nowhere in nature is it found free, owing to its always being combined with other elements, most commonly with oxygen, for which it has a strong affinity.铝总是跟其他元素结合在一起, 最普遍的是跟氧结合; 因为铝跟氧有很强的亲和力, 由于这个原因, 在自然界找不到游离状态的铝。
所以, 铝直到19世纪才被人发现。
3. They (the poor) are the first to experience technological progress as a curse which destroys the old muscle-power jobs that previous generations used as a means to fight their way out of poverty. 对于以往几代人来说, 旧式的体力劳动是一种用以摆脱贫困的手段, 而技术的进步则摧毁了穷人赖以为生的体力劳动, 因此首先体验到技术进步之害的是穷人。
4. The number of the young peop le in the United States who can’t read is incredible about one in four.大约有1/4的美国青年人没有阅读能力, 这简直令人难以置信。
（前置译法）第二节定语从句长难句成分分析及翻译练习5. Television, it is often said, keeps one informed about current events, allow one to follow the latest developments in science and politics, and offers an endless series of programs which are both instructive and entertaining.人们常说, 通过电视可以了解时事, 掌握科学和政治的最新动态。