主动表被动的几种情况

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6. be worth/ need / want / require/deserve/bear… +doing,主动表被动
In all, the book is worth reading. = is worthy to be read. Such a man as Mr Smith is not worth helping. ＝Such a man as Mr Smith is not worthy to be helped
宾补
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动词不定式被动式
一般式：to be done, 完成式：to have been done。 只有及物动词和相当于及物动词的短语才有不定 式的被动式。 e.g. He asked to be sent to work in that factory.
(发生在谓语动词之后或同时发生)
They had been warned many times before they carried out the plan.
My money has run out. 我的钱用完了。(run out) My dream has come true. 我实现了梦想。（come true）
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2. 感官动词(feel, look, seem, taste, sound),和一些连系动词(如 remain, keep, stay, prove等）常以主动形式表示被动意义。
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Grammar
一 动词不定式
动词不定式由“to+动词原形”构成， 可以在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定 语、状语、补足语等,但不能作谓语。
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To do that sort of thing is foolish。 主语
动 词 不 定 式
I want to see you this evening.
The water _______ felt (feel) cool when I jumped into the pool.
tastes (taste) delicious. The ice-cream _______
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3. 当read, write, draw, wash, clean, burn, cook, cut, wear,sell等词与well, easily, quickly 等副 词连用时,常用主动表被动。
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(发生在谓语动词之前)
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谓语动词主动表被动
◆ 主动表被动 非谓语动词主动表被动
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一、谓语动词主动表被动的四种情形
1. 有些不及物动词或短语,如 exist, appear, happen, occur,ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้come true, take place, break out, run out, 等常以主动形 式表被动意义。
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sounds beautiful. 4. The music __________ 音乐优美动听。 proved 5. As time went on, Einstein’s theory _______ to be correct. 随着时间的推移，爱因斯坦的理论被证 明是正确的。 tastes 6. Good medicine ________bitter!
With so many exercises ________ to finish (finish)， I can’t go to the cinema．
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1. 这些孩子需要细心照料。
These children need looking after carefully.
2. 他不知道接下来要怎么表达自己。
宾语
All you have to do is to finish it quickly. 表语
We found a house to live in. 定语
She came here to study English. I warned the patient not to eat cold water after the operation. 状语
例如： There is a lot of homework _______ to do （do）． There is nothing ______________ to worry about （worry about）．
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4.在“too…to ; enough to…”结构中主动表
被动。too…to也可用被动如： to work out The problem is too difficult __________ (work out) ． to live in (live in). The house is big enough __________
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5. 不定式用于某些动词的（have, have got, get, want, need）宾语后做后置定语时， 主动表被动：
e.g. I have some letters to write. I want something to drink.
不定式与所修饰的名词为被动的动宾关系，与句子的 主语为主动的主谓关系时，不定式用主动表被动。
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◆ 有时形容词后跟有名词，在名词后用 作定语的不定式用主动形式表示被动 意义： It’s a difficult book to read. 那是一本难读的书。 It is a pleasant thing to remember. 这是一件值得记住的愉快的事。
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3．在there be结构中
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◆ 但是注意：
I have something to type. (我自己打) I have something to be typed. (请别人打)
所以：当不定式的逻辑主语和句子的主语 一致时就用主动表被动，若不一致，则需 用被动表被动。
I have a letter to post. (自己寄) I have a letter to be posted. (请别人寄)
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◆ 7.不定式与疑问词连用 e.g. Which movie to watch has not been decided yet. I don’t know what to do next. ◆ 8. 在“with + 宾语 + to do”结构中。 例如： to do (do) ，he lay in bed． With nothing _______
He didn’t know how to express himself. 3. 这个问题很好解决。
This problem is very easy to work out.
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4. I'm going to Beijing next week. Do you have anything _____________ to be taken to your parents? 5. I have a meeting to__________ attend today. （今天我有一个会议要参加。） 6. I’ll go to the post office. Do you have a letter ______________ to be posted ? to worry about（worry 7. There is nothing ______________ about）. writes (write) smoothly. 8. The pen ________ to be sent 9. He asked ______________(send) to the place where he was most needed.
The question is difficult to answer. Do you think the water is safe to drink? His writing is impossible to read. The strawberries are nice to eat. The man is hard to please. The room is expensive to live in .
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二、非谓语动词主动表被动的情况：
1. 不定式to blame, to let/rent, to hire, to seek用做表语时，通常用主动表被动。 Who is to blame? (该怪谁呢？) The house is to let. (此屋出租。)
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2. 在“主语+be +形容词+to do”结构中的不 定式通常……
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◆ The plants need wateringevery day . = need to be watered. The wall wants repairing
=to be repaired.
He is ill. He deserves sending to hospital.
=to be sent to hospital.
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◆ The cloth washes well. The poem reads smoothly. The book sells well. This cheese doesn’t cut easily. It’s too soft.
◆ This shirt will wear very long. The floor doesn’t clean easily. This kind of rice cooks more quickly than that kind.
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Questions:
happen 1.When did the accident ____ ____? 交通事故是什么时候发生的？ break out 2. When did the war_________? 战争是何时爆发的？ sells well in summer. 3.Ice-cream always ______ 冰淇淋在夏天总是很好卖。