(英语语法)四种完成时态
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LESSON EIGHT
四种完成时态
主系表
现在： You are rich.
过去： You were rich.
将来： You will be rich.
过去将来：You would be rich.
There be
现在：There is a book on the desk .
过去：There was a book on the desk.
将来：There will be a book on the desk.
过去将来：There would be a book on the desk.
主谓宾状
现在：You study English in the school.
过去时：You studied English in the school.
将来时: You will study English in the school.
You are going to study English.
You are to study English.
You are about to study English
过去将来：You would study English in the school You were going to study English.
You were to study English.
You were about to study English.
You are studying English.
You were studying English.
You will be studying English.
You woud be studying English.
课堂练习
1：你知道你们老师的爸爸昨天为什么要打beat他？
2：你知道你们班的那个女孩子怎样成为你们班最好的学生吗？3：你知道昨天他们家的狗为什么咬 bit bite你吗？
4：我妈妈昨天问我我打算在哪学英语.
5：你知道你们学校的图书馆去年有多少图书吗？
6:你知道他的父亲什么时候死的吗？
7：你知道老鼠mouse为什么爱大米rice吗？
8：你知道你们老师明年打算写多少本书吗？
9：你知道你们老师现在在哪吃午饭的吗?
10：你知道昨天晚上7点半你爸爸和你妈妈在客厅里做什么呢吗？
11：那个医生告诉我他临时在这个医院帮忙。
课堂答案
1：你知道你们老师的爸爸昨天为什么要打beat他？
Do you know why your teacher’s father beat him yesterday?
2：你知道你们班的那个女孩子怎样成为你们班最好的学生吗？
Do you know how the pretty girl of your class becomes the best students? 3：你知道昨天他们家的狗为什么咬 bit bite你吗？
Do you know why the dog of his family bit you yesterday?
4：我妈妈昨天问我我打算在哪学英语.
Yesterday, my mother asked me where I was going to study English.
5：你知道你们学校的图书馆去年有多少图书吗？
Do you know how many books there were in the library of your school yesterday? 6:你知道他的父亲什么时候死的吗？
Do you know when his father died?
7：你知道老鼠mouse为什么爱大米rice吗？
Do you know why the mouse loves rice?
8：你知道你们老师明年打算写多少本书吗？
Do you know how many books your teacher is going to write nest year? 9：你知道你们老师现在在哪吃午饭的吗?
Do you know where your teacher is having lunch?
10：你知道昨天晚上7点半你爸爸和你妈妈在客厅里做什么呢吗？
Do you know what your father and mother were doing in the living room at half past 7 yesterday?
11：那个医生告诉我他临时在这个医院帮忙。
The doctor told me that he was helping in the hospital.
四种完成时态
▲完成时态的构成
▲现在完成时态的基本用法
1. 表示一个过去发生的动作对现在产生的结果和影响。
应该明确现在完成时态属于现在时态的畴。它所强调的不是过去发生的动作，而是对现在产生的结果和影响。否则用一般过去时态就够了。请看下面的对话。
● A－We will send some one to America.
我们要派一个人去美国。
B－I have been there.
我去过美国。
= I was there and I know the country very well. Would you send me there?
我去过那儿，很了解那个国家。能派我去吗？
C－I have not been there.
我还没去过那儿呢。
= I didn’t go to America. It is my turn.
我没去过。这次该我了。
上面对话的前提是大家都抢着去美国。所以B用现在完成时态是想说明自己有经验，派他去好。而C用现在完成时态是说自己没去过，轮也该轮到他了。两句都是强调对现在产生的影响。
Did you have lunch?
Have you had lunch?