初中英语语法：动名词的否定式

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初中英语语法学习之动名词的用法

初中英语语法学习之动名词的用法动名词做主语和表语1）动名词可用作主语Reading French is easier than speaking it. 阅读法文比讲语法容易。

Talking to him is talking to a wall. 和他说话等于对牛弹琴。

Finding work, is difficult these days. 现今找工作不容易。

Smoking may cause cancer. 吸烟会致癌。

Walking is my sole exercise. 散步是我唯一的运动。

To her, windsurfing is too dangerous.在她看来冲浪太危险。

Growing roses is her hobby. 种玫瑰是她的爱好。

Gambling is forbidden in our country. 我国禁止赌博。

Sailing a boat is great fun. 驾驶帆船很有意思。

Talking mends no holes. （谚）空谈无济于事。

2）有时可用先行词it作主语，而把动名词主语放到句子后部去，作表语的可以是形容词）（a），也可以是名词（b）：a. It’s nice seeing you again. 再次见到你太好了。

It’s hopeless arguing about it. 争辩这事没有用。

Is it worthwhile quarreling with her ? 和她吵架值得吗？It was pleasant and comfortable sitting there. 坐在那里惬意舒适。

It was tiring driving from morning till night. 从早到晚开车很累人。

b. It’s a wonder meeting you here .在这里碰到你真是奇迹。

It’s no good coming before that . 在那之前来没有用。

初中英语语法之非谓语动词

初中英语语法之非谓语动词1.定义：动词除在句子中作谓语以外，还具有名词、形容词及副词的性质，在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和补语等，这就是动词的非谓语动词。

可分为三种：动词不定式、分词和动名词。

2.动词不定式：to + 动词原形。

1）一般式：主动语态：to do ，被动语态：to be + 动词过去分词2）进行式：主动语态：to be doing ，被动语态：无3）完成式：主动语态：to have +动词过去分词，被动语态：to have been +动词过去分词4）用法：A. 作主语：To learn a foreign language is not easy . = It’s not easy to learn a foreign language .B. 作表语：The most important thing is to finish the workon time .C. 作宾语：a. 动词+to do . He decided to buy a new watch .b. 动词+疑问词+to do I don’t k now where to put thebike .c. 动词+形式宾语+宾补+to do I find it important to learna second foreign language .D. 作补语：a. 动词+宾语+to do Tom asked me to show him the new shoes .b. 动词+宾语+不带to的动词He often saw Tom play football .E. 作状语：a. 表示目的：He went to Guangzhou to see his sons . He got up early in order to catch the first bus .b. 表示结果：He is too tired to walk any farther . They aren’t old enough to go to school .c. 表示原因：He is sorry to hear that . I am glad to see you .F.作定语：I have something to tell you . I want to buy something to eat .5）动词不定式to 的省略：A. 在感官动词feel，hear，see，watch，notice 及使役动词have，let，make等后面要省to，但在变被动语态时要还原不定式to.I often saw him go out of the room .——He was often seen to go out of the room by me .B.在had better，would rather，do nothing but等后面常省to.6）动词不定式的否定形式：not + to do ，有时也可以用-never + to do 结构。

初中英语语法讲解——非谓语动词

初中英语语法讲解——非谓语动词非谓语动词在句子中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词。

非谓语动词分为三种形式:不定式，动名词，和分词（分词包括现在分词和过去分词）。

1）不定式a. 有些动词可以用动名词作宾语。

例如：2. worth 的用法worth, worthy, worthwhile都是形容词，意为"值得"。

1) worth：be worth + n.当名词为金钱时，表示"…… 值得……"常见的有It ’s worth while to do./ It ’s worth（someone’s）while doingbe worth doing sth."……某事值得被做"The question is not worth discussing again and again. 这问题不值得反复讨论。

2) worthy：be worthy of +n.当名词为抽象名词时表示"……值得……"be worthy to be done "某事值得被做"The question is not worthy to be discussed again and again.3) worthwhile：be worthwhile to do sth"值得做某事"It is worthwhile to ask him to join the club.值得邀请他加入俱乐部。

典型例题It is not ____ to discuss the question again and again.A. worthB. worthyC. worthwhileD. worth while答案C. 由worth的用法可知，此句只适合词组be worthwhile to do sth.。

选C。

动词不定式动词不定式由to+动词原形构成。

动名词不规则变化表

动名词不规则变化表一、引言概述动名词是英语语法中的一个重要概念，它是动词的一种形式，用于表示名词的含义。

在英语中，有些动词的动名词形式是不规则的，即它们的变化不符合一般的规则。

这些不规则变化的动名词往往比较复杂，需要特别记忆。

本文将介绍一些常见的动名词不规则变化，帮助读者更好地理解和掌握这些词汇。

二、正文1. 常见的不规则动名词变化1.1 结尾为-ay的动词，如：play →playing、lay →laying。

1.2 结尾为-d或-ed的动词，如：loved →loving、needed →needing。

1.3 结尾为-ie的动词，如：die →dying、tie →tying。

2. 不规则动名词的变化规律2.1 大部分不规则动名词的变化是将动词的最后一个字母改为相应的字母组合，如：begin →beginning、get →getting。

2.2 一些不规则动名词的变化是将动词的最后一个字母改为元音字母，如：be →being、have →having。

2.3 还有一些不规则动名词的变化是将动词的最后一个字母改为辅音字母，如：write →writing、ride →riding。

3. 不规则动名词的特殊情况3.1 一些不规则动名词的变化涉及到整个单词的拼写变化，如：do →doing、go →going。

3.2 一些不规则动名词的变化涉及到词义的变化，如：learn →learning、mean →meaning。

3.3 一些不规则动名词的变化涉及到音节的变化，如：say →saying、pay →paying。

4. 学习不规则动名词的方法4.1 记忆：对于一些常见的不规则动名词，学习者可以通过记忆来掌握它们的用法。

4.2 练习：通过大量的练习来提高对不规则动名词的掌握程度，可以在写作和口语中尝试使用这些词汇。

4.3 语境理解：在阅读和听力中遇到不规则动名词时，可以通过上下文来理解它们的含义和用法。

初中英语语法——动名词doing及used to用法总结归纳

初中英语语法——动名词doing及used to用法总结归纳A. 动名词doing动名词相当于名词，在句子中可以做主语、宾语、表语、定语等。

1.作主语Fighting broke out between the South and the North。

南方与北方开战了。

2.作宾语Would you mind turning down your radio a little，please？请问你介意调小一点收音机的音量吗？3.作表语Babysister’s job is washing，cooking and taking care of the children。

保姆的工作是洗衣服，作饭和照看孩子。

4.做定语a washing machine 一台洗衣机B. used to的用法used to 意为过去常常做某事。

1.肯定句：used这个词没有人称的变化，to后面接动词原形。

否定句是didn’t use to…。

When I was a child，I didn’t use to like apples。

当我还是孩子的时候我不喜欢苹果。

疑问形式是Did you use to…？Where did you use to live before you came here？当你来这儿之前你住哪儿？2.含有used to 的句子的反意疑问句不要usedn’t + 主语，而用didn’t + 主语。

——He used to smoke，didn’t he？——他过去常常吸烟，是吗？Yes，he did。

/ No，he didn’t。

是的，他吸。

/ 不，他不吸。

初中英语语法非谓语动词知识点讲解及专项练习

初中英语语法非谓语动词知识点讲解及专项练习一非谓语动词的概念在句子中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词它不受人称和数的限制非谓语动词分为三种形式:不定式：to+动词原形动名词：动词原形+ing分词（现在分词和过去分词）二、动名词的用法动名词是由动词原形+ ing 构成，形式同现在分词形式一样，其否定形式是not + 动词原形+ ing。

1、动名词作主语：Talking like that is not polite. 那样谈话不礼貌。

Learning from others is important. 向别人学习很重要。

Putting on more clothes is not so good . 多穿衣服不一定好。

动名词作主语通常用一般式，可以像动词不定式一样，用it 先行词代替，而把动名词写在后面。

It's no use waiting here, let's go home. 在这儿等着也没用，我们回家吧。

It's very difficult climbing this mountain. 爬这座山很困难。

2、动名词作表语The nurse's job is looking after the patients. 护士的工作是护理病人。

Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。

3、动名词作定语She is studying in the reading room. 她在阅览室学习。

He slept in the sleeping bag. 他在睡袋里睡觉。

4、动名词作宾语Please stop smoking in the house. 请不要在家里抽烟。

I like reading in the forest. 我喜欢在树林里读书。

Do you mind my opening the windows? 你介意我打开窗户吗？She is found of collecting stamp. 她喜欢集邮。

初中英语语法：动名词的否定式

【导语】下⾯是⽆忧考整理发布的初中英语语法：动名词的否定式，欢迎阅读参考！更多相关讯息请关注⽆忧考！⼀、动名词⼀般式的否定式动名词⼀般式的否定式是将直接否定词not置于动名词之前。

如： Not being punctual makes him unreliable. 不准时使⼈觉得他不可靠。

Not being tall is not a serious disadvantage in life. 个⼦不⾼不是⼈⽣中的严重缺陷。

He said he so much regretted not being able to swim. 他说他对不会游泳感到⾮常遗憾。

Our problem is not having sufficient raw material. 我们的问题是原料不⾜。

⼆、动名词完成式的否定式若动名词为完成式，否定词not应置于整个结构之前。

如： Don’t be angry with me for not having written. 我没给你写信请别⽣我的⽓。

Excuse me not having answered your letter before. 没有更早回信请原谅。

I apologize for not having kept my promise. 我没遵守诺⾔向你表⽰歉意。

三、动名词被动式的否定式若动名词为被动式，否定词not应置于整个结构之前。

如： He doesn’t like not being taken seriously. 他不喜欢被⼈不严肃对待。

As far as he’s concerned, it’s not doing something wrong that matters, but not being caught doing something wrong, 就他⽽论，重要的不是做错事，⽽是做错事不被抓住。

四、动名词带逻辑主语时的的否定式若动名词带有逻辑主语，则否定词应置于逻辑主语之后。

初中英语语法对否定转移的用法及总结

初中英语语法对否定转移的用法及总结初中英语语法对否定转移的用法及总结下文是老师为同学们带来关于在什么情况下会使用到否定转移，希望可以帮助到大家。

否定转移1) 将think, believe, suppose, expect, fancy, imagine等动词后面宾语从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，而从句的谓语动词用肯定式。

I don't think I know you. 我想我并不认识你。

I don' t believe he will come. 我相信他不回来。

注意：若谓语动词为hope,宾语从句中的否定词不能转移。

I hope you weren't ill. 我想你没有生病吧。

2) 将seem, appear 等后的从句的否定转移到前面。

It doesn't seem that they know where to go.看来他们不知道往哪去。

It doesn't appear that we'll have a sunny day tomorrow.看来我们明天不会碰上好天气。

3) 有时将动名词，介词短语或整个从句的否定转变为对谓语动词的否定。

I don't remember having ever seen such a man.我记得从未见过这样一个人。

(not否定动名词短语having…)It's not a place where anyone would expect to see strange characters on the street.在这里，人们不会想到在街上会碰上陌生的人。

(anyone 作主语，从句中的谓语动词不能用否定形式。

)4) 有时状语或状语从句中否定可以转移到谓语动词前。

The ant is not gathering this for itself alone. (否定状语) 蚂蚁不只是为自己采食。

初中英语语法复习讲义之动名词

初中英语语法复习讲义之动名词动名词是指动词+名词的形式，在英语语法中主要用作名词或动词。

动名词可以表示动作或状态，也可以表示名词或形容词的性质。

动名词的构成方式如下:动名词是由名词和动词构成的，它的构成方式如下：直接在名词后面加-ing:例如， run, jump, swim, sing等。

在名词前使用不定式符号to:例如， to run, to jump, to swim, to sing等。

在某些动词后添加-ing形式:例如， write, study, work, think 等。

将形容词或副词变化为-ing形式:例如， happy-happy-ing, tired-tired-ing, fast-fast-ing等。

需要注意的是，有些动词的动名词形式不是直接在名词后面加-ing，而是需要通过改变动词的基本形式来构成动名词。

例如， have a look, give up, take care等。

另外，一些动词也可以使用不定式符号to和动名词一起构成动名词短语。

例如， to travel, to talk, to eat等。

动名词在英语中有着广泛的应用，主要有以下几种用法：作主语：动名词作主语时，表示抽象的、普遍性的行为或状态。

例如：To read is to gain knowledge.（阅读是获取知识的方式。

）作表语：动名词作表语时，与主语的意义相同，用于描述主语的状态或性质。

例如：To be happy is to be yourself.（快乐就是做自己。

）作宾语：动名词作宾语时，通常用于表达动作或行为的结果。

例如：To learn a new language requires time and effort.（学习一门新语言需要时间和努力。

）作定语：动名词作定语时，通常用于修饰名词，表示动作或行为的性质或特点。

例如：The art of painting requires practice and patience.（绘画需要练习和耐心。

初中英语语法之-否定(各类动词以及句型的否定,附专项练习参考答案)

否定专项练习1. We are too busy to take a long holiday this year, ________ the fact that we can't afford it.A) not to speak B) not to mention C) to say anything of D) much less2. He didn’t arrive ________ the game had begun.A) until B) after C) when D) before3. They could hardly keep themselves alive, ________ look after a wife and children.A) or not B) and even not C) let alone D) as opposed to4. He is ________ have done such a foolish thing.A) as experienced as to B) more experienced than toC) too experienced to D) only too experienced to5. All knowledge is ________ , and when it fails to lead the students into the correct path, it is either in itself bad, or it has been very imperfectly acquired.A) bad B) not well C) worse D) not good6. ________ other big cats, leopards are expert climbers.A) The most unlike B) They are unlike mostC) Unlike the most D) Unlike most7. We should ________ look down upon the people who are inferior to us.A) by no means B) by any means C) at all D) in any way8. It won’t be long ________ imperialism comes to its end.A) when B) after C) until D) before9. She can ________ be held responsible for the terrible accident.A) in any way B) in a wayC) in no way D) in the way10. You are not to let anyone know where we are going ________.A) under no circumstances B) under any circumstancesC) by every means D) at no time11. Miss Keller was so intelligent that I could not ________ .A) but admire her B) admire herC) admiring her D) to admire her12. The ministry had no alternative ________ our rates.A) except raising B) but raiseC) but to raise D) without raising13. I will not lose confidence in the great cause ________.A) at no time B) at timesC) at a time D) at any time14. No human beings could possibly copy down all these facts, ________ remember and organize them.A) much more B) much lessC) still more D) more than15. The students cannot be ________ careful in performing the experiment as it is such a critical link in the whole project.A) very B) tooC) quite D) so16. ________ to finish quickly.A) No every student wantsB) No every student wantC) Not every student wantsD) Not every student want17. The students are ________ with these two famous scientists in the lab.A) too pleased to workB) too pleased that they cannot workC) only too pleased to workD) so pleased that they cannot work18. He does not know English, ________ German or French.A) nothing to say about B) to say nothing ofC) anything to say about D) to say anything of19. It's nearly impossible to go through a major city ________ a person who is or appears to be homeless.A) not to have seen B) not to seeC) without seeing D) without being seen20. I've got ________ Sundays free this month.A) never B) notC) none D) no21. The book is ________ me, but I'll never give up studying.A) above B) overC) under D) below22. I don't believe it. I think he is ________ such a thing.A) the only person to do B) the first person to doC) the last person to do D) the very person to do23. The experiment is ________ ; it was a great success.A) far from being a failure B) far away from a failureC) more than a failure D) nothing but a failure24. You can't be ________ careful when driving on the highway.A) very B) quiteC) so D) too25. The old lady whom Jack quarreled with yesterday is ________ Mary.A) not other than B) none other thanC) nobody other than D) no one other than26. If we're attacked we can't but ________ in self-defense.A) to fight back B) fight backC) fighting back D) only to fight back27. I know nothing about his journey ________ he is to be away for a month.A) provided that B) supposing thatC) now that D) except that28. I have never been back since we moved out, not even to the town, ________ to the house where I was born.A) still less B) still notC) even not D) no to mention29. I ________ her skill of performance, though I don't like her personally.A) can't but admitting B) can't help but admittingC) can't help but to admit D) can't help but admit30. She is ________ diligent than he is.A) no B) notC) no more D) not more1-5 BACBD 6-10 DADCB 11-15 ACDBB 16-20 CCBCD 21-25 ACADB 26-30 BDADC。

初中英语知识-初中英语语法之非谓语动词

初中英语语法之非谓语动词非谓语动词1.定义：动词除在句子中作谓语以外，还具有名词、形容词及副词的性质，在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和补语等，这就是动词的非谓语动词。

可分为三种：动词不定式、分词和动名词。

2.动词不定式：to + 动词原形(在某些情况下可以不带to )。

(没有人称和数的变化，可以有自己的宾语和状语，可以有时态和语态的变化)○1 一般式：主动语态：to do , 被动语态：to be + 动词过去分词(表示动作或状态与谓语动词的动作或状态同时发生或之后发生)○2 进行式：主动语态：to be doing , 被动语态：无(表示动作或状态与谓语动词的动作或状态同时发生)○3 完成式：主动语态：to have +动词过去分词，被动语态：to have been +动词过去分词(表示动作或状态在谓语动作之前就发生)○4 用法：A. 作主语：To learn a foreign language is not easy . = It's not easy to learn a foreign language .B. 作表语：The most important thing is to finish the work on time .C. 作宾语：a. 动词+to do . He decided to buy a new watch . (agree, choose, want, hope, like, wish, learn, love, plan, try, start, afford …)b. 动词+疑问词+to do I don't know where to put the bike .c. 动词+形式宾语(it)+宾补+to do I find it important to learn a second foreign language .D. 作补语：a. 动词+宾语+to do Tom asked me to show him the new shoes . (tell, wish, ask, want, like, beg, invite, allow, encourage…)b. 动词+宾语+不带to的动词He often saw Tom play football .(see, hear, feel, watch, notice, have, make, let…)E. 作状语：a. 表示目的：He went to Guangzhou to see his sons . He got up early in order to catch the first bus .b. 表示结果：He is too tired to walk any farther . They aren't old enough to go to school .c. 表示原因：He is sorry to hear that . I am glad to see you .F.作定语：I have something to tell you . I want to buy something to eat .○5 动词不定式to 的省略：A. 在感官动词feel, hear, see, watch, notice 及使役动词have, let, make等后面要省to，但在变被动语态时要还原不定式to。

(易错题精选)初中英语语法知识—陈述句的基础测试题含答案(1)

一、选择题1．Which of the following sentences is the Opinion?A．J.K. Rowling is one of the greatest writers in the world.B．Harry Potter series has been translated into about 70 languages.C．J.K. Rowling got the idea of the story on the train trip to London.D．There are seven books in the series of the story.2．Mr. White __________ the blue trousers because __________his shirt well. A．likes; they don't match B．doesn’t like; they don’t match C．likes; it matches D．doesn't like; it matches3．I __________ news. They are boring.A．can’t stand B．like C．love D．don’t mind 4．—Don’t forget _____________ the letter on your way home.—OK, I _____________.A．to send; will B．sending; will C．to send; won’t D．sending; won’t 5．---- ______ Tom in the English Club?---- Yes, but he _____ go there very often.A．Does; doesn’t B．Does; isn’tC．Is; does D．Is; doesn’t6．Your name again? I'm sorry I catch it.A．don't B．didn't C．won't D．wasn't 7．Which of the following sentences is correct?A．I will call you. As soon as I arrive in Beijing.B．Jenny said: “I enjoyed dancing to light music.”C．Norman Bethune is one of the most famous heroes in China.D．Although she was tired, but Tina still helped me finish the task.8．—Oh, the room is too dirty, Tony!—Sorry, Mom. It yesterday. I forgot to do it.A．didn’t clean B．isn’t cleanedC．was cleaned D．wasn’t cleaned9．My father lunch at home.A．hasn't B．haven't C．don't have D．doesn't have10．I’m fine, but my sister .A．doesn’t B．isn’t C．is D．not11．－How about going to Suzhou Center on foot, dear?－If it rainy now.A．won't B．isn't C．don't D．doesn't 12．If it ___________ tomorrow, we will have a barbecue in the park.A．will rain B．rains C．won't rain D．doesn't rain13．—Would you mind _________ in the dining hall?— Of course not.A．Not to smoke B．not smokingC．smoke D．not smoke14．Which of the following is an opinion?A．I spend more time on homework than before. B．Many changes have taken place in Nanjing. C．Nanjing is the most beautiful city I have ever visited. D．He has lived here since he was born.15．He _____ his homework on Sundays.A．doesn’t B．don’t do C．doesn’t do D．don’t16．Which following sentences is the Opinion?A．There are 7 books in the series of the story.B．Harry Potter series has been translated into about 70 languages.C．J.K. Rowling got the idea of the story on the train trip to London.D．J.K. Rowling is one of the greatest writers in the world.17．Which of the following sentences（句子）is correct（正确的）?A．It’s very hot in Augus t in most parts of China.B．He always go to work by bus last year.C．Tomorrow is Mary’s 13 birthday.D．Tom would like visit some places of interest in Henan.18．— Whose coat is this? Is it Cindy's?—It _______________be hers. Don't you remember she didn't come to the picnic?A．can't B．might C．must19．－What do you think of the movie The Wandering Earth?－I _________ it yet.A．see B．don't see C．have seen D．haven't seen 20．－Excuse me. I can't enter the museum. Could you help me?－Sorry, the museum __________ today. It will be open tomorrow.A．doesn't open B．hasn't opened C．open D．opens 21．—Isn’t that Ann’s husband over there?—No, it __________be him. He doesn’t wear glasses.A．can’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．may not 22．—Look at the sign! It says＂No Smoking＂.—Oh, sorry. I __________ it.A．don’t see B．haven’t seen C．wasn’t seen D．didn’t see 23．You______ worry about your lessons. Be careful next time and you will get a good mark. A．don’t need to B．not need C．needn’t to D．don’t need 24．Tom __________ vegetables. But he likes ice-cream.A．like B．don't like C．doesn't like D．likes25．No man is really happy or safe without a hobby. Even though you are rather busy every day, you should find time for your hobbies because they can _____.①not help you find new ways of thinking②make you feel more confident③help you relax after a long time of hard work④make you feel more lonely⑤help you learn something newA．①③⑤B．②④⑤C．②③⑤【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除一、选择题1．A解析：A【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：下面哪个句子是观点?考查句意理解。

初中英语语法精讲动词不定式用法

动词不定式用法英语动词的非谓语形式为三种：动词不定式、动名词和分词。

动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式，其结构为“to＋动词原形”，其否定形式是not to＋do。

其中to不是介词，而是动词不定式的符号，称为小品词，动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。

动词不定式和其后面的名词等构成不定式短语，在句子中可以用作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语等下面以动词不定式在句中的作用来予以详细说明。

1．作主语可以直接作主语。

如：To see is to believe．但在英语中，常用it作形式主语，真正的主语即动词不定式放在后面。

如：It's useful for us to help other people．It's our duty to keep our environment clean and tidy．点击规律：动词不定式在句中作主语时，常放在It is ＋adj．(+for sb)＋to do sth．或It is ＋n．（名词）＋to do sth．句型中，it仅作形式主语,真正的主语是不定式。

2．作宾语a．want，decide ，agree等动词后面跟并且只能跟不定式。

如：We agreed to start early．She wants to be a doctor．b．love，like ，begin，start，hate 等词后面可以接不定式。

点击规律：上述动词后面除接不定式外，还可以接动名词，意思无很大区别。

提示板：like doing指经常性动作，而like to do指一次性的动作。

如：I like swimming，but I don't like to swim now．我喜欢游泳，但我现在不想游。

c．stop，forget，remember，go on ，try等词或短语后面可以接不定式。

点击规律：上述动词后面接不定式和接动名词意思大不相同。

提示板：1）stop to do sth．：停止一件事，去做另一件事。

初中英语语法非谓语动词专项练习及答案详解

初中英语语法非谓语动词专项练习1. The first textbooks _______ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.A. having writtenB. to be writtenC. being writtenD. written2. —You were brave enough to raise objection at the meeting.—Well, now I regret _______ that.A. to doB. to be doingC. to have doneD. having done3. We agreed _______ here but so far she hasn’t turned up yet.A. having metB. meetingC. to meetD. to have met4. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _______.A. not toB. not to doC. not do itD. do not do5. Paul doesn’t have to be made _______. He always works hard.A. learnB. to learnC. learnedD. learning6. _______ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.A. LosingB. Having lostC. LostD. To lost7. The patient was warned _______ oily food after the operation.A. to eat notB. eating notC. not to eatD. not eating8. The Olympic Games, _______ in 776 ., did not include women players until 1912.A. first playingB. to be first playedC. first playedD. to be first playing9. I would love _______ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.A. to goB. to have goneC. goingD. having gone10. European football is played in 80 countries, _______ it the most popular sport in the world.A. makingB. makesC. madeD. to make11. When I got back home I saw a message pinned to the door_______ “Sorry to miss you; will call later.”A. readB. readsC. to readD. reading12. The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, _______ it more difficult.A. not makeB. not to makeC. not makingD. do not make13. Robert is said _______ abroad, but I don’t know what country he studied in.A. to have studiedB. to studyC. to be studyingD. to have been studying14. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see _______ the next year.A. carried outB. carrying outC. carry outD. to carry out15. _______ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river.A. Having sufferedB. SufferingC. To sufferD. Suffered16. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains _______ whether they will enjoy it.A. to seeB. to be seenC. seeingD. seen17. The research is so designed that once _______ nothing can be done to change it.A. beginsB. having begunC. beginningD. begun18. It is said that in Australia there is more land than the government knows _______.A. it what to do withB. what to do it withC. what to do with itD. to do what with it19. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found _______ in the kitchen.A. smokeB. smokingC. to smokeD. smoked20. She looks forward every spring to _______ the flower-lined garden.A. visitB. paying a visitC. walk inD. walking in21. When I handed the report to John, he said that George was the person _______.A. to sendB. for sending itC. to send it toD. for sending it to22. —What do you think made Mary so upset?—_______ her new bike.A. As she lostB. LostC. LosingD. Because of losing23. The lady said she would buy a gift for her daughter with the_______.A. 20 dollars remainedB. 20 dollars to remainC. remained 20 dollarsD. remaining 20 dollars24. There are five pairs _______, but I’m at a loss which to choose.A. to be chosenB. to choose fromC. to chooseD. for choosing25. _______ in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States.A. Being foundedB. It was foundedC. FoundedD. Founding26. Fishing is his favorite hobby, and _______.A. he’d like to collect coins as wellB. he feels like collecting coins, tooC. to collect coins is also his hobbyD. collecting coins also gives him great pleasure27. Finding her car stolen, _______.A. a policeman was asked to helpB. the area was searching thoroughlyC. it was looked for everywhereD. she hurried to a policeman for help28. In order to gain a bigger share in the international market, many state-run companies are striving _______ their products more competitive.A. to makeB. makingC. to have madeD. having made29. Though _______ money, his parents managed to send him to university.A. lackedB. lacking ofC. lackingD. lacked in30. There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars _______ road conditions need _______.A. that; to be improvedB. which; to be improvedC. where; improvingD. when; improving31. The discovery of new evidence led to _______.A. the thief having caughtB. catch the thiefC. the thief being caughtD. the thief to be caught32. _______ the general state of his health, it may take him a while to recover from the operation.A. GivenB. To giveC. GivingD. Having given33. The picture _______ on the wall is painted by my nephew.A. having hungB. hangingC. hangsD. being hung34. Sandy could do nothing but _______ to his teacher that he was wrong.A. admitB. admittedC. admittingD. to admit35. Mr Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to _______ some schools for poor children.A. set upB. setting upC. have set upD. having set up36. _______ late in the afternoon, Bob turned off the alarm.A. To sleepB. SleepingC. SleepD. Having37. With a lot of difficult problems _______, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.A. settledB. settingC. to settleD. being settled38. In some parts of London, missing a bus means _______ for another hour.A. waitingB. to waitC. waitD. to be waiting39. In order to make our city green, _______.A. it is necessary to have planted more treesB. many more trees need to plantC. our city needs more treesD. we must plant more trees40. —How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers?—The key _______ the problem is to meet the demand _______ by the customers.A. to solving, makingB. to solving, madeC. to solve, makingD. to solve, made41. The teacher asked us _______ so much noise.A. don’t makeB. not makeC. not makingD. not to make42. _______ time, he’ll make a first-class tennis player.A. Having givenB. To giveC. GivingD. Given43. He looked around and caught a man _______ his hand into the pocket of a passenger.A. putB. to be puttingC. to putD. putting答案详解:1. D。

2023年初中英语语法学习之非谓语动词用法与高频考点(1)

2023年初中英语语法学习之非谓语动词用法与高频考点非谓语动词用法在句子中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词。

非谓语动词分为三种形式:不定式，动名词，和分词(分词包括现在分词和过去分词)。

1）不定式时态\语态主动被动一般式to do to be done完成式 to have done to have been done2）动名词时态\语态主动被动一般式doing being done完成式having done having been done3）分词时态\语态主动被动一般式doing being done完成式having done having been done否定形式： not +不定式，not + 动名词，not + 现在分词非谓语动词的作用非谓语动词除去不能做谓语之外，其它所有成分都可以做。

具体如下。

1. 不定式：做主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和补语。

To learn a foreign language is difficult .（作主语）学会一门外语是很难的。

It’s easy to see their aunt.（作真正主语，it做形式主语）很容易见到他们的姑姑。

Tom wanted to have a cup of beer.（作宾语）汤姆想要喝杯啤酒。

His wish is to be a driver.（作表语）他的愿望是当一名司机。

I have nothing to say.（作定语）我没有什么可说的。

The teacher told us to do morning exercises . （作宾语补足语）老师让我们做早操。

They went to see their aunt. （目的状语）他们去见他们的姑姑。

2. 动名词：做主语、宾语、表语、定语和补语。

Learning English is very difficult .（作主语）学英语非常困难。

初中英语语法之句子成分

句子成分主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、宾语补足语和状语1、主语：(1)由名词、代词(人称代词用主格)、动词不定式、动名词等充当,说明动作是“谁”发出的。

如：The painter painted a very nice picture. (画家画了一幅漂亮的画。

) / They fought against SARS bravely. (他们勇敢地与非典搏斗。

) / To see is to believe. (耳听为虚眼见为实). / Helping animals is to help people. (帮助动物就是帮助人类。

)(2)动词不定式或动名词做主语时可用it代替,而不定式或动名词移至表语或宾语之后。

如：It is very comfortable to have a Class A seat during the long journey. (在长途旅行中能有个甲等座位简直太舒服了。

) / Eating too much is bad for your health.(=It is bad for your health eating too much.) (吃得太多对你的身体不利。

)(3)口语中常见主语或“主--系”省略：(It is) nothing. ((那)没有什么。

)/ (It) doesn’t matter. ((那)没有关系。

) / (I) thank you. ((我)谢谢你。

)(4)反意问句的附加问句,主语必须是代词：The man looks worried, doesn’t he? (这个人看上去很着急不是吗？) / Tigers are dangerous animals, aren’t they? (老虎是危险的动物不是吗？)(5)祈使句一般省略主语。

加主语时往往用来指定某个人。

Keep the keyboards clean, children. (孩子们请保持键盘的清洁。

如何学好英语否定

如何学好英语否定
首先，要学好英语的否定形式，我们需要掌握英语的基本语法知识。

在学习英语的过程中，了解英语的基本语法规则是至关重要的。

只有掌握了英语的基本语法知识，我们才能够正
确地理解和运用否定形式。

例如，在英语中，否定形式通常是通过在动词前面加上否定词not来构成，例如I am not happy.、She does not like coffee.等等。

了解了这些基本规则，
我们就能够更好地掌握英语的否定形式。

其次，要学好英语的否定形式，我们需要多加练习和巩固。

在学习英语的过程中，练习是
非常重要的。

只有通过不断地练习，我们才能够更好地掌握英语的否定形式。

我们可以通
过做练习题、背诵例句等方式来巩固否定形式的用法。

另外，我们还可以通过阅读英语原著、听英语歌曲等方式来提高自己的语感和语法水平，从而更好地学会使用否定形式。

此外，要学好英语的否定形式，我们还需要注重口语和书面语的结合。

在学习英语的过程中，我们不仅需要掌握书面语的规范，还需要注重口语的实践。

口语和书面语之间存在一
定的差异，我们需要根据实际情况灵活运用否定形式。

通过练习口语，我们可以更好地掌
握英语的否定形式，并将其运用到实际生活中去。

总之，要学好英语的否定形式，需要我们不断地学习、练习和实践。

通过掌握英语的基本
语法知识、多加练习和注重口语和书面语的结合，我们就能够更好地掌握英语的否定形式，提高自己的英语水平。

相信只要我们坚持不懈，就一定能够学好英语的否定形式。

初中英语语法学习之动名词难点分析

初中英语语法学习之动名词难点分析动名词的被动形式和完成形式1）动名词有时需用被动形式，可作动词的宾语（a）或介词的宾语（b）：a．He hates being interrupted.他不愿意被人打断。

He narrowly escaped being run over .他差点被车压了。

I appreciate being given this opportunity.我很感谢给了我这个机会。

I remembered being taken to Paris as a small child. 我记得小时候曾被带到巴黎。

Grace resented being called a baby.格雷斯讨厌别人叫他小宝宝。

He just missed being caught.他差点没被抓住。

She disliked being spoken to like that. 她不喜欢别人对她这样讲话。

We cannot help being touched by their zeal.我们禁不住被他们的热情所打动。

b．I object to being spoken to like that.我反对别人对我这样讲话。

He hoped to get out without being seen.他不希望不被人看见溜出来。

All laws have to be submitted to Parliament for ratification before being put into force.所有法律在实施前均需提交议会批准。

He ran away for fear of being hurt.他跑掉了，惟恐受到伤害。

Who can prevent their plans from being carried out?谁能阻止他们那些计划的实现？She is far from being pleased about it.对此她很不满意。

初中英语语法-非谓语动词的讲解

初中英语语法非谓语动词的讲解非谓语动词指的是在句中起名词，形容词或副词作用的动词形式,而不是作谓语的动词形式. 动词的非谓语形式分为动名词,分词，动词不定式。

Climbing mountain is a good exercise. （Climbing..。

, 动名词起名词作用）Do you know the man wearing a white shirt。

(wearing 。

.分词起形容词作用）He gets up early to catch the first bus。

（to catch .。

不定式起副词作用) 谓语动词和非谓语动词的区别：1）谓语动词在句中可单独作谓语,而非谓语动词不能单独作谓语。

Miss Mary teaches us English。

玛丽教我们英语.（teaches 动词作谓语) Mr. Li came to our classroom to have a talk with us last week。

（to have a talk。

不定式作状语）2）谓语动词受主语的人称和数的限制,而非谓语动词形式没有这种限制。

Mike likes the pop music. （动词用单数第三人称形式）Lucy has nothing to do today.(do 用原形)非谓语动词的特征：1 如果非谓语动词是及物动词，后面须跟宾语.Studying English is my favorite。

（studying 后跟宾语）To help him is my duty. 帮助他是我的责任。

(help 后跟宾语)2 非谓语动词可以带有自己的状语或逻辑主语。

Working under such a condition is terrible。

（under such a condition 是 working 的状语）It’s too difficult for him to master English in such a short time。

初中英语语法：动名词的否定式

初中英语语法学习之动名词的用法

初中英语语法之非谓语动词

初中英语语法讲解——非谓语动词

动名词不规则变化表

初中英语语法——动名词doing及used to用法总结归纳

初中英语语法非谓语动词知识点讲解及专项练习

初中英语语法：动名词的否定式

初中英语语法对否定转移的用法及总结

初中英语语法复习讲义之动名词

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