山西省太原五中2020届高三4月模拟考试(一) (英语)

山西省太原五中2020届高三4月模拟考试（一）英语第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分60分）第一节（共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

AThe 2019 Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize for Biology or Biochemistry The Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize was started under the will of S. Gross Horwitz and was named after her mother. Louisa Gross Horwitz was the daughter of Dr. Samuel David Gross (1805-1884), a famous doctor of Philadelphia and author of the excellent Systems of Surgery, who served as President of the American Medical Association.Each year since its starting in 1967, the Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize has been given by Columbia University for excellent basic research in the fields of biology or biochemistry. The purpose of this award is to honor a scientific researcher or group of researchers whose contributions to knowledge in either of these fields are considered worthy of special recognition.The Prize consists of an honorarium and a citation (酬金和表彰) which are given at a special presentation event. Unless otherwise introduced by the Prize Committee, the Prize is given yearly.Qualifications for the awardThe Prize Committee recognizes no geographical limitation. The Prize may be given to a person or a group. When the Prize is given to a group, the honorarium will be divided among the winners, but each member will receive a citation. Preference will be given to those who have achieved in the recent past.All materials must be written in the English language and given electronically at: https://www.cuimc. columbia. Edu/research/louisa-gross-horwitz-prizeSubmission should include:● The nominee(提名人) should write the summary of the research with no more than 500 words.● The nominee should summarize the importance of the research in the field of biology or biochemistry with no more than 500 words.● The nominee should give a brief introduction, including when he works, what he did and what awards he received.● The nominee should also give a key publication list of up to ten in connection with the research.1. Which of the following is true about the Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize?A. It is held every other year.B. S. Gross Horwitz started it personally.C. It was established in honor of S. Gross Horwitz’s daughter.D. It is mainly for excellent researchers in biology or biochemistry fields.2. The nominee should submit _______.a. a copy of self-introductionb. a summary of the researchc. a brief introduction of working experienced. a summary of the importance of the researche. a list of publications related to the researchA. abcB. abcdC. bcdeD. acde3. What is the purpose of the text?A. To share a successful story.B. To attract attention to science.C. To introduce a scientific award.D. To praise the contribution of a scientist.BA total of 74,187 confirmed patients, which account for 91.5 percent of the total infections on the Chinese mainland, have been administered traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) as part of their treatment, and over 90 percent of them have shown improvement during clinical observation, according to Yu Yanhong, Party secretary and top official of the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine.TCM has effectively relieved symptoms, cut the rate of patients developing into severe conditions, raised the recovery rate, reduced the mortality rate and boosted patients' recovery, Yu said.XuanFeiBaiDu Granule can increase the lymphocyte (淋巴细胞) recovery rate by 17 percent and the clinical cure rate by 22 percent in the controlled observation, according to Huang Luqi, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering.Liu Qingquan, head of the Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, said that two TCM drugs -- Jinhua Qinggan Granule and Lianhua Qingwen Capsule/Granule have proven to be effective in the treatment of mild COVID-19 cases, while Xuebijing Injection can help treat inflammation (炎症风暴) and coagulation dysfunction（凝血功能紊乱）.Zhang Boli, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, said that TCM treatment has significantly lowered the proportion of patients whose conditions turned from mild to severe. "None of the 564 patients at the TCM-oriented temporary hospital in Wuhan saw their health condition deteriorating into severe," said Zhang. "We have therefore applied TCM treatment to over 10,000 patients in other makeshift hospitals, and the rate of patients developing into severe conditions were substantially reduced," said Zhang.TCM and Western medicine may come from two different medical systems and have different perspectives on health and diseases, but they are both based on the standard of factual clinical effectiveness.The practice of treating COVID-19 patients has proved once again that the precious wisdom left by our TCM ancestors is still practical, effective and economical. We would love to share these valuable experiences and effective treatment methods with all countries.4.What does the underlined word “deteriorate” mean in Paragraph 5 ?A.get horribleB. get fitC. get plainD. get worse5.Which of the following drugs is not meant to be taken orally ?A.XuanFeiBaiDuB. Jinhua QingganC. Lianhua QingwenD. Xuebijing6. What can be inferred according to the passage?A. Over 70,000 patients recovered by using TCM.B. TCM proves invaluable in treating COVID-19.C. TCM and Western medicine are of equal use.D. XuanFeiBaiDu can be the most effective drug.7. Which of the following is not the effectiveness of TCM?A. ease symptomsB. increase the cure rateC. drop the death rateD. add the severe casesCOur world is steeped in history. In nearly every city on every continent, there are sites to be seen that remind us that our generation was not the first. They show us that those who came before had rich cultures, and they inspire us to engage in (参与) their stories. But these essential sites are under threat from natural disasters, warring peoples and even tourists.Fortunately, concerned citizens are trying their best to preserve ancient sites. Respected organizations like UNESCO are stepping in to guard world heritage locations, and a large number of charities have sprung into action to give new energy to damaged or destroyed structures. But with modern technology comes the opportunity to go one step further: to capture (拍摄) sites digitally. This is the goal of the US-based company CyArk, whose founders were moved to act after hearing of the senseless destruction of ancient ruins.Using a combination of Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) technology and photogrammetry (摄影测绘), CyArk captures details of ancient sites in their entirety, creating a photorealistic 3D model. LiDAR is the most important technique used for capturing 3D blueprints of a structure. It relies on pulses of light being shot at and bounced back from the structure’ s surface to capture both depth and details. LiDAR units can be handheld, or mounted on an aircraft to document inaccessible and large spaces with great precision. Photogrammetry is a free-of-charge technique that involves the use of digital imagery to gain measurement information and appearance details. These are later combined with the LiDAR data to create a faithful, digital reconstruction of an ancient site.Besides repairing damaged sites with the help of LiDAR, CyArk has made a great effort to engage people directly with virtual space. With VR (virtual reality) devices, we can now experience ancient wonders anywhere.8. Why does the author mention our world’s history in Paragraph 1?A.To introduce endangered historic sites.B.To encourage more people to visit ancient sites.C.To involve people in stories behind ancient sites.D.To show ancient people’ s creativity in architecture.9.What can we say about CyArk?A.It calls on citizens to better protect ancient sites.B.It uses modern technology to redesign ancient sites.C.It successfully prevents of ancient sites being damaged.D.It pushes the protection of ancient sites to a new level.10.What is the function of LiDAR?A.To receive data from photogrammetry.B.To guide an aircraft around ancient sites.C.To help take 3D pictures of ancient sites.D.To explore the inside of ancient sites.11.What can be a suitable title for the text?A.Rewinding time: ancient sites with new looksB.Natural disasters: enemies to ancient sitesC.VR: our guide of ancient wonders everywhereD.Appealing for help: ancient sites in troubleDWe tend to believe that older people are more positive and younger people are more sensitive to social cues (暗示).Recently scientists investigated this idea by testing 10,000 men and women. They wanted to see if age affected a person's ability to identify subtle facial emotions, such as fear and anger.The researchers from McLean Hospital in the US used a Web-based platform to collect happiness data. It showed the participants two headshots (头部特写) of random people. They were then asked to identify which subject was angrier, happier, or more fearful. The research found that younger people were able to better identify angry and fearful facial cues than older people."From studies and anecdotal evidence, we know that the everyday experiences of an adolescent are different from an older person, but we wanted to understand how these experiences might be linked with differences in basic emotion understanding," wrote Laura Germine, the study's senior author.But what is it that makes young people more sensitive?"This is the exact age when young people are most sensitive to forms of negative social cues, such as bullying," Lauren Rutter, the study's lead author, told Science Daily. "The normal development of anger sensitivity can contribute to some of the challenges that arise during this phase of development."On the contrary, across the whole 10,000-person survey, researchers found no decline in the perception of happiness among older participants."What's remarkable is that we see declines in many visual perceptual abilities as we get older, but here we did not see such declines in the perception of happiness," Germine told Neuro Science News.She added that these findings fit well with other research, showing that older adults tend to have more positive emotions and a positive outlook.Following the paper's release, Rutter told Neuro Science News that gathering their primary research online allowed the team to tap into a "much larger and more diverse sample set" than previous studies.12.What is the result of the research?A.We become less positive as we get older.B.The younger we are, the happier we feel.C.We are often bullied while young because we are sensitive.D.The younger, the more sensitive; the older, the more positive.13.What makes young people more sensitive according to the text?A.Their family backgrounds.B. Their negative experiences.C. People around them.D. Their visual perceptual abilities.14. How does the author support the theme of the text?A. By giving examples.B. By stating arguments.C. By explaining statistical data.D. By providing results.15. Where is the text most probably taken from?A. An announcement.B. A science magazine.C. A travel guide.D. An official report.第二节（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。