英语国家概况之澳大利亚共20页
【英语国家概况】general survey of Australia澳大利亚概况
【英语国家概况】general survey of Australia澳大利亚概况Commonwealth of Australia? 国名:澳大利亚联邦(Commonwealth of Australia)首都:堪培拉面积:7,682,300.00 平方公里人口:2112万人(2007年10月)语言:英语，土著语言，澳大利亚的官方语言是英语。
货币:澳元民族:英国及其他欧洲国家移民后裔占95.2%，亚洲人占1.3%，土著民族占1.5%，其它民族占2%。
宗教:25%的国民没有宗教信仰，圣公会教徒占21%，罗马天主教教徒占27%，其他基督教教派占21%，其他宗教信仰者占6%。
Map of AustraliaMap of AustraliaAustralia: Flag and AnthemThe Commonwealth of Australia1. 澳大利亚一词，意即―南方大陆‖，欧洲人在,,世纪初叶发现这块大陆时，误以为这是一块直通南极的陆地，故取名―澳大利亚‖，australia 即由拉丁文terraaustralis (南方的土地)变化而来。
2. Name:澳大利亚联邦(The Commonwealth of Australia)3. National Flag:呈横长方形，长与宽之比为,?,。
旗地为深蓝色，左上方是红、白―米‖字，―米‖字下面为一颗较大的白色七角星。
旗地右边为五颗白色的星，其中一颗小星为五角，其余均为七角。
澳大利亚为英联邦成员国，英国女王为澳大利亚的国家元首。
国旗的左上角为英国国旗图案，表明澳大利亚与英国的传统关系。
一颗最大的七角星象征组成澳大利亚联邦的六个州和联邦区(北部地区和首都直辖区)。
五颗小星代表南十字星座(是南天小星座之一，星座虽小，但明亮的星很多)。
为―南方大陆‖之意，表明该国处于南半球。
4. National Anthem :澳大利亚国徽左边是一袋鼠，右边是一只鸸鹋，这两种动物均为澳大利亚所特有，是国家的标志，民族的象征，中间是一个盾，盾面上有六组图案分别象征这个国家的六个州。
英语国家概况 澳大利亚简介
History
• Before the Westerners found Australia, only Australian aborigines lived there.In the 16th century, the Europeans began to explore Australia. In 1606,the Spanish navigator—Luis Vaes de Torres found the place, but he didn’t explore it further. In the same year, a Dutchman—William arrived in the continent .Then in 1770,the English navigator Captain James Cook discovered the eastern castle of Australia and named it New South Wales . .Soon,he claimed that the continent belonged to England •
• The federal government is separated into three branches:
• The legislature: the bicameral Parliament, defined in section 1 of the constitution as comprising the Queen(represented by the Governor-General),the Senate, and the House of Representatives; • The executive: the Federal Executive Council, in practice the Governor-General as advised by the Prime Minister and Ministers of State; • The judiciary: the High Court of Australia and other federal courts, whose judges are appointed by the Governor-General on advice of the Council.
英语国家概况之_澳大利亚.pptx
悉尼同性恋狂欢节 2月底开始，为期两周。阳光明媚、观念颠覆、大都市和同性恋。欢迎在 一年一度的同性恋狂欢节期间来到悉尼。无论您是何种性取向，也无论您 是什么年纪，都会喜欢上从二月底开始在市内迸发出的这种欢快迷人的能 量。
澳大利亚的文化是基于英国的基础之上，澳大利亚人的饮食 习惯和英国人类似。从第二次世界大战之后，世界各地的移 民陆续到来成为人口的多数。澳大利亚的饮食受到了来自世 界各地人们的影响。欧洲、中东、印度、亚洲等地的饮食都 是很常见的。麦子、大米、橙子、香蕉和葡萄是澳大利亚广 泛种植的作物，肉食是澳大利亚人饮食的主要部分。奶制品 如牛奶、乳酪也食用很多。肉食烧烤很受欢迎。澳大利亚还 生产大量的葡萄酒，人们喜欢在吃饭的时候饮用葡萄酒或是 啤酒。澳大利亚还有一些当地特有的食品。丛林野食是一种 在土著人饮食基础上产生的食品 ,是用很种野草、野菜、野果 和野生动物肉制成的。
3月28－31日：复活节 从28日耶稣受难日开始，为期4天。 4月25日：澳纽兵团日 为纪念一站中被英国借派的澳大利亚新西 兰联合军在土耳其卡利波里半岛的决死登 陆而设。 6月9日：女王诞生日，伊丽莎白女王生日 假日设在6月的第二个周一以便连休，只有 西澳大利亚是9月29日。 12月26日：开盒节 打开圣诞所赠礼盒的日子，在南澳大利亚， 称为“宣告节”。全国共同的节日为9天， 另外各州也自行设立节日：点缀堪培拉每 年九月中，堪培拉都会举办春季花展。湖 畔的公园和花园都会种满色彩缤纷的花卉， 包括数以千计的郁金香，你又岂能错过。
SOME FLOWERS 木兰 雏菊 紫罗兰 罂粟 兰 花 小苍兰 薰衣草 郁金香 小石竹 薄荷 常春藤
Some animals
美丽的大堡礁风光 大堡礁（英文： Great Barrier Reef Queensland, Australia法文： Grande barriè de re corail）是世界上最 大、最长的珊瑚礁群， 是世界七大自然景观 之一，也是澳大利亚 人最引以为自豪的天 然景观。又称为“透 明清澈的海中野生王 国”。
英语国家概况(澳大利亚)
英语国家概况(澳大利亚)Some General FactsNames of the CountryThe Commonwealth of AustraliaDown UnderThe Lucky CountryThe Sunburned CountryOzThe Land of WonderThe Land of PlentyThe Land of the Long WeekendOrigins of the Country’s NicknameExcerpt from “Down Under”On a hippie trail, head full of zombieI met a strange lady, she made me nervousShe took me in and gave me breakfastand she said,“Do you come from a land down under? Where women glow and men plunder?Can't you hear, can't you hear the thunder?You better run, you better take cover."Christian Shephard ：Australia is called "Down Under" because it's as close as you can get to Hell without getting burned.Origins of the Country’s NicknameMaking of the CountrySix States◆ New South Wales (Sydney)◆ Queensland (Brisbane)◆ South Australia (Adelaide)◆ Western Australia (Perth)◆ Victoria (Melbourne)◆ Tasmania (Hobart)Two Territories◆ Australian Capital Territory◆ Northern Territory (Darwin)Political Figures of the CountryHead of state: Sovereign（最高统治者）Queen Elizabeth IIGovernor-General: Michael JefferyHead of government: Prime Minister Kevin Michael RuddNational Anthem of the CountryAdvance Australia FairAustralians all let us rejoice,For we are young and free;We’ve golden soil and we alth for toil; Our home is girt（围绕）by sea;Our land abounds in nature’s giftsOf beauty rich and rare;Advance Australia Fair.In joyful strains then let us sing, Advance Australia Fair.Beneath our radiant Southern CrossW e’ll toil with hearts and hands;To make this Commonwealth of ours Renowned of all the lands;For those who’ve come across the seas We’ve boundless plains to share;With courage let us al l combineTo Advance Australia Fair.In joyful strains then let us sing, Advance Australia Fair.National Color of the CountryYellow GreenNational Flora（植物）of the Country Golden Wattle（向日葵）National Flag of the CountryThe Coat of Arms of AustraliaNew South Wales - Golden Lion St George's CrossVictoria - Southern Cross Imperial CrownQueensland - Maltese Cross Imprerial CrownSouth Australia - White-Backed MagpieWestern Australia - Black SwanTasmania（塔斯马尼亚岛）- Red LionCoins and Bank NotesNational Holidays of the CountryAustralia DayAnzac Day C 25 April or, if that day falls Sunday, the following Monday May Day C the first Monday in MayQueen’s Birthday C the second Monday in JunePicnic Day C the first Monday in AugustOther Facts and FiguresPopulation: 20,351,000Capital: Canberra; 373,000Area: 7,692,024 square kilometers (2,969,906 square miles)Language: English, native languagesReligion: Protestant, Roman CatholicCurrency（货币）: Australian dollarLife Expectancy（期望）: 80GDP per Capita（人数）: U.S. $26,900Literacy（读写能力）Percentage: 100Ethnic（人种的）groups:1. White 92%2. Asian 7%3. Aboriginal others 1%Religions:Roman Catholic（天主教）26%, Anglican 21%Christian 21%, Buddhist 2%Islam 2%, others 1%History of the Continent200 million years agoC Australia was attached to Pangaea（大陆）.Between 200 and 65 million years agoC Pangaea separated to form Gondwanaland and Laurasia.50 million years agoC Gondwanaland broke up into southern continents with Antarctica and Australia attached.40 million years agoC Australia broke away from Antarctica.Geological Regions of the CountryEastern Highlands◆ The Great Dividing Range◆ The Coastal PlainCentral Lowlands◆ Lake EyreWestern Plateau◆ Large Deserts◆ Ancient RocksThe Dividing Range◆ Stretching along the eastern coast◆ Containing the highest mountain of Australi a CMt. Kosciuszko/Kosiusko (2,228 m)◆ Bordered by sandy（游牧的）beaches and rocky cliffs Lake Eyre◆ Largest lake in the country (9,600 sq km)◆ Lowest point in the continent (12 m)◆ A salt water lake in the arid（干旱的）interiorHistory of the CountryThe First ImmigrantsAborigines C Nomadic Hunters and Gatherers◆ Coming from Asia 50,000 years ago◆ Reaching Tasmania 35,000 years agoHunting and Obtaining Food with Tools and Weapons◆ Core（挖掘）Tools; Grinding（磨的）Stones; BoomerangAboriginal Society◆ Nomadic and kinship band◆ Laws and beliefs upheld（支持）by song, dance and art◆ Without formal system of government◆ Oral tradition and The Dreaming (Dreamtime)How to get a flake from a coreGrinding StoneHatchets Made from Ground-StoneAborigines with BoomerangAboriginal and Modern BoomerangsThe Dutch DiscoveryWillem Janszoon C a Dutch Navigator（航海家）◆ The first recorded European sighting of theAustralian mainland (1606)◆ The first recorded European landfall on theAustralian continentThe Chart of Western and Northern Coast-lines of AustraliaAbel Tasman C a Dutch Explorer◆ The success of sailing into the waters of southern Austra lia (1642) ◆ The discovery of the island Tasmania17th century map of Tasmania, showing the parts discovered by Tasman.The Colonization of AustraliaIn 1768 British Captain James Cook set off to find Australia in the Endeavour .In 1770 King George III claimed possession of the east coast, named New South Wales.On 26 Jan. 1788 the First Fleet arrived in Sydney Cove with 736 convicts. Tasmania became a separate colony in 1825.South Australia in 1836, Victoria in 1851, and Queensland in 1859.South Australia, Victoria and Western Australia were founded as "free province".The Northern Territory（领土）was founded in 1911.The Indigenous（本土的）Australian population declined steeply due to infectious disease.The “Stolen Generations” may have contributed to the decline.The “History Wars”The 1850s Gold RushGold was found in New South Wales and Victoria in 1851.By the 1880s, Australia was a prosperous（繁荣的）country.The final decade of the 19th century was a period of depression.Federal BeginningsThe federation of six colonies formed the Australian nation on 1 January 1901.The “White Australia” Policy was legislated（立法）by the new parliament. ◆ A dictation（命令）test in a European language Three major political groups and two major parties.◆The Protectionists, the Free Traders and the Labor PartyThree major political groups Two major parties.◆ The Protectionists◆ The Free Traders◆ The Labor PartyTwo major parties.◆ The Labor Party◆ The Liberal PartyWorld War IIn 1914, Australia entered WWI to defend Britain.◆ With 64 percent of the 331,781 troops killed or wounded◆ Anzac Day commemorates the landing of the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps at Gallipoli in Turkey on the 25th April 1915. Between the WarsDuring the 1920s, Australia entered a period of major development.◆ Queensland and Northern Territory Aerial Service Ltd. was formed in 1920.◆ Building of the Sydney Harbour Bridge began in 1923.◆ The population reached 6 million in 1925.In 1929 Australia went into economic decline.◆ Wool and wheat prices fell dramatically.◆ By 1931, a third of the country was unemployed.Prices began to increase again by 1933 and manufacturing revived. From 1934 to 1937 the economy improved and unemployment fell. World War IIAustralians again fought in defence of freedom and the “mother land.”In 1942 Darwin, Broome and Townsville were bombed by the Japanese, and two Japanese midget（小型的）submarines entered Sydney Harbour.A major shift in Australian foreign policy away from Britain and towards the USA occurred.In 1951, Australia signed its first defense treaty with a foreign country: the ANZUS treaty.Nearly one million of Australia’s seven million population went to fight. ◆ 34,000 killed and 180,000 woundedPostwar ImmigrationThe postwar immigration programme welcomed not only British immigrants but also Europeans.In 1956, th e status of “permanent resident” allowed non-Europeans to claim citizenship（国籍，公民权）.The Menzies Era（时代）From 1949 until 1966, Prime Minister Robert Menzies “reigned”, winning 8 consecutive（连续的）elections.Menzies gave Australians conservatism（保守主义）and stability （坚定）. He involved Australians in three more wars, in Korea (1950), Malaya（马来亚）(1955) and Vietnam (1965).Social Unres（动荡）t and ChangesOpposition to conscriptio（征兵）n and the Vietnam War increased in the late 1960s and led to major demonstrations in the capital cities.There was concern for Aboriginal land rights and free education. In 1972, the Labor Party was elected on a platform of social reform.In 1974, an immigration policy without any racial（种族的）discrimination（歧视）was adopted.Return to ConservatismGovernments were more concerned with economic rather than social agendas .Australia emulated most of the Western world with an economic boom（繁荣）in the 1980s, followed by recession（衰退）in the 1990s.By 1986, all legislative（立法机构）ties with Great Britain were broken. The year 2022年saw Sydney host the Summer Olympic Games.Politics of the CountryFeatures of GovernmentA constitutional（宪法的）monarchy（君主政体）◆ The King or Queen of Brita in as the King or Queen of Australia.◆ The Commonwealth of Australia Constitution Act, coming into effect in 1901, consists of 8 chapters.A federation（联邦）◆ 6 colonies and 2 territories federated to form the Commonwealth of Australia.A parliamentary democracy◆ The Parliament of the Commonwealth consists of the King or Queen and 2 houses◆ The Senate (the Upper House) consists of 76 Senators, 12 from each of the 6 states and 2 from each of the territories.◆ The House of Repre sentatives (the Lower House) has 150 members.A parliamentary democracy◆ The Senators are elected by a system of propor-tional representation for a term of 6 years.◆ Members of the Lower House are elected by a system of preferential voting for terms of up to 3 years.◆ 3 important electoral systems in Australia C the simple majority system, the preferential represen-tation system and the proportional （比例）representation system.The simple majority systemIt is a straightforward（明确的）form of voting, by which the option with a simple majority of votes wins.The preferential（优先的）representation systemUnder such a system voters rank candidates in order of preference. The proportional representation systemUnder such a system, the percentage of votes that groups of candidates obtain will determine the percentage of seats they receive.Systems of Government3 levels C a three-tier system◆ The federal government at the national level◆ Governments at the state a nd territory level◆ Locale governments at the city, town, municipal（市政的）and shire （郡）level.3 branches C the separation of powers◆ The legislature（立法机关）C the Parliament（议会）◆ The executive（执行委员会）C the Governor-General / the Federal Executive Council◆ The judiciary C the High Court and other federal courtsPolitical Parties3 major political parties◆ The Labor Party◆ The Liberal Party◆ The National PartyA 2-party system◆ The Labor Party◆ The Coa lition（结合，联合）of Liberal Party and National Party November 2022年, Kevin Rudd from the Labor Party became the 26th Prime Minister of Australia.Economy of the CountryHaving one of the most outstanding（杰出的）economies of the world; With a high-growth, low-inflation, low interest rate;With a flexible labor market and a competitive business sector（部门）; Abundant physical resources leading to a high standard of living. Having made a large investment in social infra-structure ;With mining and farming as major industries;◆ coal, copper, gold and iron ore（矿石）◆ sugarcane, grapes and wheat◆ sheep and cattleTourism as one of Australia’s largest and fastest-growing industries.EnvironmentMuch of Australia's flora and fauna(动物群，动物区系) is unique and diverse（多种多样的）.◆ About 85% of flowering plants, 84% of mammals, more than 45% of birds, and 89% of in-shore, temperate-zone fish are endemic.◆ Australia has the greatest number of reptiles（爬行动物）of any country, with 755 species.Australian forests often contain a wide variety of eucalyptus（桉树）trees and are mostly located in higher rainfall regions.Among well-known Australian fauna are the monotremes（单孔目动物）(the platypus（鸭嘴兽）and the echidna（针鼹鼠）); a host（群集）of marsupials（有袋动物）; the saltwater and fresh-water crocodiles （鳄鱼）; and birds such as the emu（鸸鹋）and the kookaburra（笑翠鸟）.Environmental concerns over climate changes, enthreatened species, and water restrictions.。
商务英语英语国家概况 澳大利亚
The Great Barrier Reef
The Great Barrier Reef(大堡礁) is not just one reef but actually a series of over 2,000 reefs stretching (延 伸)for more than 2,300 kilometres. It is the world’s largest coral (珊瑚) reef.
● （Introduction）：
constitutional monarchy;
澳大利亚国家元首是英国女王，总督（Governor General） 代表女王执掌国家行政权。 Representative System of Democracy 行政、立法和司法三权分立。 行政事务由内阁（Cabinet）负责，内阁由总理（Prime Minister）主持。
● （Political Parties）：
澳大利亚工党（Australian Labor Party）：澳大利亚 第一大党。 自由党（Liberal Party）：曾多次执政。 国家党（National Party）：澳大利亚第三大党。 民主党（the Australian Demomine car
• The 1850 gold rushes attracted a flood of selffunded immigrants. It also opened up the land as not only a source of agricultural but also of mineral wealth: gold, silver, iron ore, nickel and alumina became major export industries by the end of the 20th century. Today minerals form the largest part of the export trade.
澳大利亚介绍英文版讲解学习共60页文档
1、合法而稳定的权力在使用得当时很 少遇到 抵抗。 ——塞 ·约翰 逊 2、权力会使人渐渐失去温厚善良的美 德。— —伯克
3、终存 在着危 险。— —塞·约翰逊 4、权力会奴化一切。——塔西佗
5、虽然权力是一头固执的熊，可是金 子可以 拉着它 的鼻子 走。— —莎士 比
1、最灵繁的人也看不见自己的背脊。——非洲 2、最困难的事情就是认识自己。——希腊 3、有勇气承担命运这才是英雄好汉。——黑塞 4、与肝胆人共事，无字句处读书。——周恩来 5、阅读使人充实，会谈使人敏捷，写作使人精确。——培根
澳大利亚国家概况英语国家概况-澳大利亚篇中英翻译
澳大利亚国家概况英语国家概况-澳大利亚篇中英翻译导读：就爱阅读网友为您分享以下“英语国家概况-澳大利亚篇中英翻译”的资讯，希望对您有所帮助，感谢您对的支持!three ：The growth of minority cultures. Established by migration.第四阶段:多元文化社会出现; Phase four：The emergence of a multicultural society.第五阶段(1990 年以后):多元文化社会的建立。
Phase five (Post-1990)：The establishment of a multicultural society.多元文化社会的建立是由于: multicultural society established by:(1)立法; legislation;(2)代表权; representation;(3)承认土著文化的价值和所有后来移民文化的贡献; recognition of value of original culture and contributions and all subsequent migrating cultures;(4)容忍和接受澳大利亚的文化差异及这种差异与澳大利亚社会的关系;tolerance and acceptance of Australia's cultural diversity and its relationship to Australia's social context.1．土著文化Aboriginal culture他们的历书是分季节的和循环的; 土著人信奉梦幻时代。
这里的大部分的传统文化到20世纪中期都已失去了。
Their calendar was seasonal and cyclical: The Aboriginal people believed in the Dreamtime. the traditional culture had been lost by the mid-twentieth century.2.现代澳大利亚文化Modern Australian culture现代澳大利亚文化是许多传统和多种影响的重叠与混合物:英国的、美国的、欧洲的和亚洲的。
英语国家概况中文版 part5澳大利亚
第五部分澳大利亚第二十七章国土与人民澳大利亚的位置在世界地图上很容易找到。
澳大利亚在南半球，换句话说，它处于赤道以南。
对欧洲人来说，澳大利亚是在地球的另一端。
这就是为什么在西方，澳大利亚被普遍认为是"在下面的国家"。
澳大利亚从南纬10°延伸到南纬44°，从东经113°延伸到东经154°。
澳大利亚面积770万平方公里，是世界上最小的一个大洲。
但澳大利亚是一个大国，是俄国，加拿大，中国，巴西和美国之后的世界上第六大国。
澳大利亚是唯一的只包含有一个国家的大洲。
澳大利亚东面被塔斯曼海和太平洋包围，西面是印度洋，北面是珊湖海，阿拉弗拉海和帝汶海，南面是南印度洋和大澳大利亚湾。
澳大利亚有着三亿年以上的地质史，是世界上最老的大陆之一。
在世界上几个大洲中，它是最平坦、最低的并且是唯一的一个人们能开着汽车到达最高山顶的大洲。
一半以上的土地海拔不到300米，只有5%的土地超过海拔600米，平均海拔高度为330米。
所以，澳大利亚没有很高的山，最高的山峰是科修斯科山，海拔2255米。
Ⅰ.地理结构澳大利亚的地理结构相当简单。
它一般按地形被划为三个地理区，西部大高原，东部山地，以及被称为中东部低地的大低地带。
依照传统，人们使用一些不精确的名称来表示这个国家的各个地区。
"远内地"通常指内地、西部高原的中部及其北部平原，红色中心指的是澳大利亚中部有红色和棕黄色土壤的地区。
1.西部大高原西部高原是由古代岩石构成的广阔高地，几乎占了整个大洲的三分之二。
它从澳大利亚西部的海岸平原突起，覆盖了几乎整个西澳大利亚洲、北方领土的较大部分、南澳大利亚的很大一部分，以及西昆士兰的部分地区。
这里的土地非常平坦，海拔大约只有300米。
高原的大部分地区非常干燥。
河流很少，大部分地区只有在雨季才有水。
高原的腹地由大沙沙漠、吉布森沙漠，维多利亚大沙漠以及纳勒博平原构成。
2.东部山地东部山地更为人所知的名称叫大分水岭，从北昆击兰北部起，沿着东海岸向南，直到南塔斯马尼亚岛。
澳大利亚英文介绍 (课堂PPT)
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The University of Sydney
悉尼大学
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The University of Melbourne
墨尔本大学
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Kangaroo Dromaius novaehollandia Koala Myrmccobius fasciatus Cygnus atratus Giant pandas
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Sydney Opera House
Jorn Utzon
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Australia is a modern country of immigrants, a strong proponent of the Administration and grass dwelling, protecting the environment, so here are each of a city as beautiful as the Garden. The 17,336,000 existing population, the United Kingdom and other European countries the immigrant population accounted for about 95% of the total, the official language is English. Christian residents accounted for 98%, a small number of people believe in Judaism, Islam and Buddhism. 澳大利亚是个现代化的移民国家，政府当局大力提倡栽花种草、保护环境，所以 这里的每一座城市都像花园一样美丽。该国现有人口1733.6万，英国和其他欧洲 国家的移民后裔约占总人口的95%，官方语言为英语。居民中信奉基督教的占 98%，少数人信奉犹太教，伊斯兰教和佛教。
英语国家概况(澳大利亚)ppt
Early History
1.The Aborigines were the first inhabitants of Australian from southeast Asia at least 50,000 years ago and they mainly lived in the northern
Chapter 16 Australia
Geography & History
Geography
Location and Size Geographic Regions Climate Major Cities
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Location & Size
Size—With a total area of 7.7 million square kilometers, Australia is the sixth largest country in the world, after Russia, Canada, China, the U.S. and Brazil
Location—Australia lies in the Southern Hemisphere, between the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean. The country is surrounded by sea on all sides
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Geographic Region
(墨累达令流域)
3370 kilometers long, watershed covers one 7 of the land area of Australia, is Australia's most important agricultural area. The name of this river basin is from the basin's two major rivers, the Murray and darling rivers.
高中英语(人教版)选修九 Unit3 Australia参考阅读澳大利亚概况
澳大利亚概况澳大利亚幅员辽阔，物产丰富。
迷人的大堡礁和优雅黄金海滩以及可爱的澳洲考拉每年都吸引着成千上万的海外游客来此观光旅游。
地理位置--澳大利亚面积为 780万平方公里，位于大洋洲，太平洋和印度洋的交界处。
澳洲海岸线长达36,700公里，人口约2,000 万。
全澳由六个州--昆士兰州、新南威尔士州、维多利亚州、南澳大利亚州、西澳大利亚州、塔斯马尼亚州及两个领地--北领地和首都特区组成。
气候条件--澳洲的北部（约全国面积的三分之一）是在热带位置，中部是在干旱地带，而南部是在温带。
澳洲的四季和北半球完全相反，夏季由十二月开始，六月份则是冬天的开始。
北部的气温较高，全年气温维持20度以上，南部的气温较低，冬天平均约14度，夏天平均约26度。
温带地区12月至次年2月是夏季，3月至5月是秋季，6月至8月是冬季，9月至11月是春季。
而热带地区就只有旱季和雨季之分。
人口数量--澳大利亚人口约为二千万，百分之八十五的人都生活在东岸85公里的海岸线上。
因其属于传统的移民国家，差不多有四分之一的澳洲居民是在海外出生，而另有五分之一的居民的父或母是在海外出生。
近十多年来，中国移民人数增加，华裔居民人数已超过三十万，大部分聚居于悉尼（Sydney）或墨尔本(Melbourne)等大城市。
澳洲人比较随和和友好，由于它的人口是来自世界百多个国家，加上政府奉行多元文化政策，不同的民族都能和平相处。
经济发展--澳大利亚属于西方发达国家之一，快速的经济增长也使得澳洲居民的生活非常舒适。
它有丰富的的天然矿产资源，但它最主要的出口依然是羊毛，肉类，谷物等等。
宗教信仰—绝大多数澳大利亚居民信仰基督教，但基督教不是澳洲唯一的宗教。
澳洲是宗教信仰自由的国家，因此无论您信奉的是佛教还是其他宗教，都可以在澳洲找到属于您的宗教团体。
社会福利--澳大利亚是世界上实行社会福利制度最早的国家之一。
从1910年设立养老金的伤残抚恤金开始，由此为澳大利亚赢得了社会福利事业先驱的声誉。
英语国家概况-澳大利亚篇中英翻译
Ⅰ.工业 Manufacturing Industry澳大利亚的制造业以制砖开始。
86%的制造业为小企业。
Manufacturing in Australia began with the making of bricks. It is estimated that 86% of all manufacturing firms are small businesses.在世界的总格局中，澳大利亚的制造业是独特的。
它的特点包括下面几点:In a world context Australian manufacturing is unique. Its features include the following:1)效率低Inefficiency澳大利亚的市场有限，它在地理上与外界的隔绝以及很高的关税壁垒是影响澳大利亚工业效率的几个因素。
Australia's limited local market, its geographical isolation and high levels of tariff protection are the factors that affect the efficiency of Australian manufacturing.效率最低并且最受保护的工业是汽车、纺织、服装和制鞋工业。
The industries that are most inefficient and most highly protected are automobile, textiles, clothing and footwear industries.2)高度集中Concentration在过去20年里，大的联合企业在澳大利亚经济中一直起中心作用。
Over the last 20 years large conglomerates have been given a central role in the Australian economy.整个钢铁工业由一个公司控制，这就是布洛肯·希尔专卖有限公司。
英语国家概况Australia
The Commonwealth of AustraliaSymbolsFlag∙Composed of the Union flag (loyalty to the British Empire)∙The Commonwealth Star (Represents the 6 states and territories)∙The Southern Cross (a star constellation in the southern hemisphere)National Anthem∙“Advance Australia Fair”The Land and the PeopleThere are 6 states and territoriesThe capital is CanberraThree physical regions∙Western Plateauo Covers 60% of Australiao Interior and center are referred to as The Outbacko The Australian deserts are known as “The Heartless Center of Australia”▪Great Victoria – the largest desert in Australia▪Great Sandy – the second largest desert▪Tanami – the third largest desert▪Simpson – the fourth largest desert▪The Gibson – the third largest desert∙Ayres Rock / Uluru – the world’s largest rocko Nullarbor –means “no trees”▪Most famous and frequently traveled desert▪Nullarbor Plain is the world’s largest piece of limestone▪Eyre Highway goes through it, the longest straight road in the world▪Has the world’s longest cliff face▪Indian Pacific in the longest stretch of straight railway track ∙Central Lowlandso Also known as the Great Artesian Basino Lowest point in Australia is Lake Eyre, the largest artesian basin in the worldo Contains five major deserts∙Eastern Highlandso Covers 15% of Australiao Has high plateaus, gorges, and low mountainsClimate∙Known as “the Land in the Sun”Plants and Animals∙Famous plants: acacia, eucalyptus, kangaroo paw, baobab∙Famous animals: kangaroos, wombats, emus, wallabies, Tasmanian devils, platypuses, koalao Half the mammals are marsupials (pouched animals)People∙Aborigineso world’s oldest indigenous peopleo Part of Australian identityo Origin of the boomerang and the didgeridoo∙Europeanso95% of Australians are from European decent, 40% of whom are British ∙85% of the population live in urban areasHistoryConvictism∙Early settlers were convicts.o Britain sent convicts to Australia between 1788 and 1868o Captain Arthur Philip established Port Jackson, a penal colony, on 1/26/1788.o The shame of being a descendant of a convict is known as the convict stain The Gold Rush∙Gold was discovered New South Wales∙Australia transformed economically, politically, and demographically∙Population triples from 1850 to 1862∙Rise of the middle classThe 1890s Depression∙Economic depression reveals weakness in economyFederation∙British influence weakens∙ A federation forms by 1901o The six separate British colonies form a common governmento Divided powers: state government and federal government1901 – 1914∙Australia led the world in social and industrial reformsThe Great Depression∙Australia’s economic boom of the 1920s is greatly affected by the Depression∙Dependance on exporting wool and wheat hurt the economy∙Unemployment reached 29 percentThe New Right∙Conservative backlash to the freedom movement of the 1960s and 1970s∙Promotion of free market economies∙Nationalism (white, Anglo-Australian way of life)Social and Cultural LifeThe White Australia Policy∙Attempt to keep non-European immigrants from entering the country∙Immigration Restriction Act∙Passed by the first parliament to created disincentives and barriers for immigrants After World War II∙Opened to immigration with the expectation to assimilate and conformAfter 1970s∙New focus on multiculturalism∙Effort to preserve native languages and cultures∙Australia is still relatively whiteEducation∙Elementary and secondary school are compulsory∙Elementary educationo Start around 6, lasts about 6 years∙Junior and high schoolo About 6 years of education∙Higher educationo Universities▪Degrees and research▪Bachelor’s, master’s, doctorateo Colleges of Advanced Education▪Training, like education trainingo Technology and Further Education▪Vocational and technical certificationsSports∙The number one type of TV program∙Types of sportso Australian football, cricket, netball (most popular participation sport), rugby, hockey, horse racing, sailing, motorsports, golf, cyclingHolidays∙Australia Day, January 26th∙ANZAV Day, April 25th∙Remembrance Day, November 11th。
英语版 澳大利亚介绍 英语国家社会与文化PPT课件
for stopping gambling
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Group of eight 澳洲八大名校
3. The University of Melbourne 墨尔本大学——the best couple 4. Monash University 莫纳什大学——Newton's apple tree
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Group of eight 澳洲八大名校
5. The University of Adelaide 阿德莱德大学—— birthplace of the Olympic torch
Australia
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Gold Coast
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Holiday Paradise
Surfers Paradise
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Ashcombe Maze
5Hale Waihona Puke A country riding on the sheep's back
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Australia is the largest wool producer in the world.
6. The University of New South Wales 新南威尔士大学——RoboCup 机器人世界杯
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Group of eight 澳洲八大名校
7. The University of Queensland 昆士兰大学——save female
8. The University of Western Australia 西澳大学——Confucius Institute
Australia - Nationhood英语国家概况
Late 19th C Anti-Chinese Cartoon
after WW2
Democratic Idealism
General elections must be held every 3 years or less A candidate must get 50%+ of the votes to win. If they fail to get 50% of first preference votes, second preferences are also counted.
The Outback
Extreme Contrasts
Droughts Fires
Basic Statistics
Population – 22m 25% born overseas 43% have at least one foreignborn parent 85% of pop. urban Arable land: 6.15% (incl. 27M hectares of farmed grassland) 110M sheep (10% of the world population)
World War One
Australia: 7,594 New Zealand: 2,431 British & Irish: 22,000 France: 27,000 Turkey: 57,084 Indians: 1,700 After the Battle of Gallipoli, Australia never allowed its soldiers to be led by others Gallipoli represents the beginning of an Australian national identity and ANZAC day is remembered every 25th April.
澳大利亚国家概况英文版
With courage let us all combine
To Advance Australia Fair.
In joyful strains then let us sing,
Advance Australia Fair.
2 Geography
Australiais a country comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands. Neighbouring countries include Indonesia, East Timor and ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้apua New Guinea to the north; the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu to the north-east; and New Zealand to the south-east.
英语国家文化 第4章：澳大利亚
Cf. The British Commonwealth (of Nations) (英联邦)
＊Location of the country in the world: it is in the southern
hemisphere (南半球) between the Indian Ocean and the South Pacific Ocean.
The wet season in Australia lasts about 6 months in spring and summer, between November & April. It is hotter than the dry season, with temperature between 30 & 50 degrees Celsius/centigrade (摄氏). This is because of the high humidity (湿气; 湿度) during the wet, which is caused by large amounts of water in the air. During the wet season, there is a lot of rain, which frequently causes flooding.
【学习了解一些有关澳大利亚天气、历史、人口、宗教 信仰、政治、经济、教育和文化等方面的基本常识。】
Some questions to ask:
1. What do you know about Australia? 2. What is Australia famous for? 3. What is the season in Australia now? Why
英语文化概况 澳大利亚共22页文档
41、实际上，我们想要的不是针对犯 罪的法 律，而 是针对 疯狂的 法律。 ——马 克·吐温 42、法律的力量。— —贝卡 利亚 43、法律和制度必须跟上人类思想进 步。— —杰弗 逊 44、人类受制于法律，法律受制于情 理。— —托·富 勒
45、法律的制定是为了保证每一个人 自由发 挥自己 的才能 ，而不 是为了 束缚他 的才能 。—— 罗伯斯 庇尔
31、只有永远躺在泥坑里的人，才不会再掉进坑里。——黑格尔 32、希望的灯一旦熄灭，生活刹那间变成了一片黑暗。——普列姆昌德 33、希望是人生的乳母。——科策布 34、形成天才的决定因素应该是勤奋。——郭沫若 35、学到很多东西的诀窍，就是一下子不要学很多。——洛克
英语国家概况—Australia
卡卡杜国家公园
帝王谷景象
帝王谷绝壁
爱丽丝泉
埃尔斯岩石
卡塔丘塔
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州花：沙漠豌豆花[6]。沙漠豌豆花是一种豆科植物，开花 时花朵变换颜色，由白紫色变成粉红色，再变成鲜红色或紫 红色，观赏价值很高。
州兽：毛鼻袋熊[7]。毛鼻袋熊是澳大利亚原产珍贵有袋 类动物。全身呈灰褐色，毛皮柔软。
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州鸟：黑羽白胸伯劳鸟。黑羽白胸伯劳鸟是南澳大利亚 特有珍禽，生有一个硬而锐利的钩曲状尖喙。 • 州色：代表色为红色、深兰色、金黄色。[
澳大利亚首都领地首府远景图
北领地区旗
• 卡卡杜国家公园 • 景区景点(8张) • 卡卡杜国家公园（Kakadu NationalPark）是澳大 利亚最大的国家公园，面积131.6万公顷，位于澳大 利亚北部地区达尔文市以东220公里处，以郁郁苍 苍的原始森林，各种珍奇的野生动物，以及保存有 2万年前的山崖洞穴的原始壁画而闻名于世，是一 处为现代人保存的一份丰厚的文化遗产和旅游胜地， 被联合国列为世界遗产。卡卡杜属于热带，主要分 为两个季节，干季和湿季。公园按地形分为了五个 区，海潮去，水涝平原区，低地区，陡坡和沉积岩 孤峰区，高原区。
澳大利亚国花
金合欢 Golden wattle
新南威尔士州首府远景图1新南
威尔士州位于澳大利亚东南部，是英国 在澳洲最早的殖民地，也是澳大利亚人 口最多、工业化和城市化水平最高的州。 从地理区域上可分成沿海低地、大分水 岭与西部平原。矿产资源、森林资源、 旅游资源丰富，拥有世界最大之一的天 然良港悉尼港。农牧业发达，农畜产品 在澳大利亚占有重要地位。工业部门多， 钢铁工业最为突出，机械制造业、纺织 业等都很发达。主要城市有悉尼、纽卡 斯尔、卧龙岗等。
南澳大利亚州