名词性从句的翻译

合集下载
  1. 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
  2. 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
  3. 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。

名词性从句

一、主语从句

(一)以what, whatever, whoever, whether, when, where, how, why等词引导的主语从句,在翻译的时候,一般可以按照英语原文顺序来翻译。

What he told me was only half-truth.

他告诉我的只是些半真半假的东西而已。

Whether he comes or not makes no difference.

When we can begin the expedition is still a question.

(二)用it作形式主语的主语从句,可以把主语从句放到汉语句子最前面去翻译。为了强调起见,it一般可以译出来;如果不需要强调,it也可以不译出来。

It doesn’t make much difference whether he attends the meeting or not.

他参加不参加会议没有多大关系。(It没有翻译)

It seemed inconceivable that the pilot could have survived the crash.

驾驶员在飞机坠毁之后,竟然还能活着,这看来是不可想象的。(It翻译为“这”)

有时候,如果主语从句仍然按照英语原来的顺序翻译的话,it一般不需要译出来。在汉语译文的开始,一般可以用“...的是,...”这样的结构来翻译。

It is strange that she should have failed to see her own shortcomings.

真奇怪,她竟然没有看出自己的缺点。(It不用翻译,还可以用“奇怪的是...”这样的结构来翻译)

二、宾语从句

(一)用that, what, how, when, which, why, whether, if 等引起的宾语从句,翻译成汉语的时候,一般不需要改变它在原句中的顺序。

I told him that because of the last condition, I’d have to turn it down.

我告诉他,由于那最后一个条件,我只得谢绝。

He has informed me when they ar e to discuss my proposal.

有时可加“说”字,再接下去翻译译英语原文宾语从句的内容。

Smith replied that he was sorry.

斯密斯回答说,他感到遗憾。

He would remind people again that it was decided not only by himself but by lots of others.

(二)用it 作形式宾语的句子,在翻译的时候,that所引导的宾语从句一般可按英语原文顺序翻译;it有时候可以不用翻译。

I made it clear to them that they must hand in their papers before 10 o’clock in the morning.

我向他们讲清楚了的,他们必须在上午十时前交卷。(it没有翻译)

I heard it said that he had gone abroad.

但有时候,也可以在译文中将that引导的宾语从句提前到句子最前面翻译。

I regard it as an honor that I am chosen to attend the meeting.

我被选参加会议,感到光荣。(it没有翻译)

We consider it absolutely necessary that we should open our door to the outside world.

(it翻译为“这”)

三、表语从句

It seems that it is going to snow.

看起来要下雪了。

The question remains whether we can win the majority of the people.

His view of the press was that the reporters were either for him or against him.

四、同位语从句

能接同位语从句的名词主要有:belief(相信),fact(事实),hope(希望), idea(想法,观点),doubt(怀疑),news(新闻,消息),rumor(传闻),conclusion(结论),evidence(证据),suggestion(建议),problem(问题),order(命令),answer(回答),decision(决定),discovery(发现),explanation(解释),information(消息),knowledge(知识),law(法律),opinion(意见,观点),truth(真理,事实),promise(承诺),report(报告),thought(思想),statement(声明),rule(规定),possibility(可能)等。

(一)一般来说,同位语从句可以直接翻译在主句后面。

He expressed the hope that he would come over to visit China again.

他表示希望再到中国来访问。

There is a possibility that he is a spy.

(二)有时候在翻译同位语从句时,可以将其放在所修饰的名词前面,相当于前置的修饰语,但不一定使用定语的标志词“的”。这种情况下,同位语从句都是比较简单。

We know the fact that bodies possess weight.

我们都知道物体具有重量这一事实。

The rumor that he was arrested was unfounded.

(三)增加“即”(或者“以为”)这样的词来连接,或用冒号、破折号直接分开主句和同位语从句。

But this does not in any way alter the fact that they are now, from a practical point of view, irrational.

但这却丝毫改变不了这样一个事实,即从实用的观点来看,他们今天仍是不合理的。

We have reached the conclusion that practice is the criterion for testing truth. Not long ago, the scientists made an exciting discovery that this waste

相关文档
最新文档