译林牛津版六年级知识点整理

知识点归纳班级: 姓名:句子时态归纳一、一般现在时(句子中通常有always,usually,often,sometimes,never,every…, on Mondays/…)1、句型结构:主语+V、(s)如果主语就是三单,谓语动词加s或者es、例如:Helen likes listening to music、My sister has a toy cat、如果主语不就是三单,谓语动词用原形。

例如:I like listening to music、I have a toy cat、2、动词+s/es形式(1)一般动词后加s 如reads(2)以s、x 、ch、sh 结尾,加es 如watches(3)以辅音字母+o 结尾,一般加es 如goes(4)辅音+y 结尾,变y为i ,再加es如worries、二、一般现在进行时(句子中通常有now,listen, look, 具体时间等)1、句型结构:主语+ be +V、ing例如:I am singing in the classroom、Liu Tao is reading in the bedroom、2、动词ing形式(1)一般情况直接加ing, play —playing(2)以不发音的“e”结尾,去“e”加ing,skate —skating(3)双写词尾字母加ing,sit—sitting, swim—swimming, run—running,put—putting, get—getting, begin—beginning,shop—shopping, stop—stopping三、一般过去时(句子中通常有just now,…ago,yesterday,last…, before等)1、句型结构:主语+ V、ed谓语动词加ed(不规则动词:go-went,come-came等)例如:I listened to music last night、Liu Tao went to the zoo yesterday、2、动词ed形式(1)一般情况直接+ede、g、play – played(2)闭音节单词双写末尾单词+ede、g、stop – stopped, shop – shopped(3)原形与过去式同型e、g、read-read,hit-hit, put-put,let-let,cut-cut,lose—lost(4)以辅音+y结尾去y变i+ede、g、copy-copied,cry-cried,study-studied,become-became(5)不规则动词的过去式is-was am-was are-were do-did can-could begin-began bring-brought buy-bought catch-caught teach-taughtchoose-chose come-came get-got draw-drew keep-keptdrive-drove eat-ate find-found fly-flew forget-forgothear-heard give-gave go-went grow-grew have-haddrink-drank try--tried know-knew learn-learnt/learned make-madesend-sent meet-met hold--held wear--wore ride-rodering-rang run-ran say-said see-saw shall-shouldsing-sang sit-sat sleep-slept speak-spoke spend-spentstand-stood sweep-swept swim-swam take-took teach-taught 四、一般将来时(句子中通常有tomorrow,next…,soon,this afternoon,this evening)谓语动词结构就是:be going to +do(表示计划、打算做…) 或者will +do(表示即将发生…)句型结构:主语+ be going to / will + V、原形例如: I am going to have an English lesson tomorrow、He will have an English lesson tomorrow、动词使用1、用动词原形(1)情态动词:can,can’t ,should,shouldn’t,must,mustn’t,could,couldn’t,will,won’t 后面用动词原形,(2)助动词do,don’t, does,doesn’t,did,didn’t后面用动词原形。

(3)let,help 后面用动词原形2、动词加inglike doing, love doing, go doing, finish doing, stop doingNo doing(禁止做某事e、g、No eating or drinking、)介词(be good at,about,for)后面动词加ing等3、加to加动词原形want to do,would like to do,have to do(不得不做某事),be going to do ,how to do(怎么样做某事),it’s time to do(…的时间到了), forget to do…(忘记做……), remember to do(记得做…),try to do (试着做…),use/reuse to do(用/再利用…做…),主格,宾格,形容词性物主代词主格宾格形物我(的) I me my我们(的) we us our您(的) you you your您们(的) you you you她(的) he him his她(的) she her her它(的) it it its她们(的) they them their动词与介词后用宾格:动词如:help( help me) / let (let us) / make (you) …介词如:for(me) / from(him) /to (you) …名词使用1、a lot of,lots of,some,a few,many,how many后面加可数名词复数,a lot of,lots of,some,a little,much,how much后面加不可数名词。

2、可数名词与不可数名词的分类可数名词不可数名词sweet(s), cake(s), ice cream(s), egg(s),noodle(s), hamburger(s), sandwich(es),hot dog(s), lollipop(s), sausage(s), steamed bun(s), vegetable(s), carrot(s), bean(s), tomato(es), potato(es), apple(s), pear(s), peach(es), mango(es), grape(s)…water, milk, juice, coffee, cola, tea, soup, porridge, cereal, rice, bread, meat…3、名词单复数(1)一般情况,+s(2)名词以s、x、sh、ch结尾,+es(3)名词以“o”结尾,有生命的+es (如potato —potatoes);无生命的+s(如photo —photos)(4)名词以“y”结尾,元音(a,e,i,o,u)+y结尾——直接+s;辅音+y结尾——去y变i+es(5)名词以“f”/“fe”结尾,去f/fe变ve+s(6)特殊:man——men, tooth——teeth,foot——feet,child——children形容词,副词1、形容词用于修饰名词:He is a happy boy、副词用于修饰动词:He always sing happily、2、连系动词用形容词修饰:be动词(is, am, are), look, feel, keep, smell, taste, sound, get, become, make…举例:look happy, feel good, keep healthy, smell nice, taste good, sound good, become sunny3、形容词到副词的变化规律形容词副词形容词副词形容词副词一般情况直接+ly 特殊变化辅音+y结尾, 去y变i +lybeautiful beautifully good well happy happilycareful carefully 形容词、副词同形angry angrilyloud loudly high high easy easilybad badly fast fast busy busilyexcited excitedly early early heavy heavilyquiet quietly late latequick quicklyslow slowlysad sadly动词变职业名词1、动词+er/r结尾:play --- player, teach --- teacher, sing --- singer, work --- worker,clean --- cleaner, drive --- driver, write --- writer, dance --- dancer,paint --- painter,love --- lover, travel --- traveller2、+orvisit --- visitor3、-ist结尾:piano --- pianist,science --- scientist, art --- artist,牙医dentist4、- man结尾:post --- postman, milk --- milkman, space --- spaceman, fire --- fireman___5、男/女职业:police --- policeman(男),police --- policewoman(女)act --- actor(男), act --- actress(女)wait --- waiter(男), wait --- waitress(女)6、医生doctor,护士nurse,农民farmer,宇航员astronaut7、China中国-Chinese中国人America美国-American美国人France法国-French法国人the UK英国-British英国人England英国- English英国人Australia澳大利亚- Australian澳大利亚人Japan日本- Japanese 日本人the US/ America美国- American 美国人句型转化一、一般疑问句做法:(1)有Be动词(am\is \ are\was\were)时,将Be动词提到句首,剩余部分照抄;(2)有情态动词can/would/must/will/should时,将can/would/must/will/should提到句首,剩余部分照抄;(3)没有Be动词(am\is \ are\was\were)与情态动词can/would/must/will/should时,句首用助动词do/does/did;(4)注意点:I变you, my 变your, us变you, me变you, our 变your、some变any二、否定句(1)在句中的动词am\is \ are\was\were或can/would/must/will/should后面加not、或(2)如果没有am\is \ are\was\were或can/would/must/will/should就在动词前加don’ｔ, doesn’ｔdidn’t、三、划线部分提问:根据划线内容找到疑问词。