开式(普通)冲床基本参数表
冲床技术参数解释
冲床技术参数解释J23系列开式双柱可倾压力机J21系列开式双柱固定台压力机，主要参数说明以下几个问题：1反映了一台压力机的工艺能力和加工零件的尺寸范围2反映压力机生产效率3是设计压力机重要依据4用户根据成型工艺要求和生产率选择压力机参数是否合适1、公称压力滑块离下死点某一特定距离（公称力行程）或曲柄转角离下死点前某一特定角度（公称压力角）时，滑块上所有容许承受的最大作用力。
例如：J21-110，1100千牛开式单点压力机，公称力1100千牛，公称力行程S P离下死点距离为5mm。
公称力是压力机主要工作性能参数，是计算压力机零件强度和刚度基本根据压力机受力零件可以分成三类：一类零件——床身、滑块、连杆、调节螺杆和保险块，此类零件的强度和刚度按公称力设计，它的强度和刚度不受曲柄转角变化而变化，作用力常数。
二类零件——齿轮、传动轴和离合器制动器、旋转零件，此类零件的强度与刚度，按公称力作用下产生的公称扭矩设计的，它的零件强度和刚度随着曲柄转角变化而变化。
扭矩为常数(忽略弯距的影响)三类零件——曲轴，它的强度于刚度既要考虑公称力作用下的弯距，又要考虑曲轴传递的扭矩，属于弯扭联合作用，所以曲轴强度也是随着曲柄转角变化而变化。
根据以上三种零件的强度可以绘制出滑块允许负荷图，用户厂的加工零件的工艺负荷图不能超过滑块允许负荷图曲线之外，否则会损坏压力机零件。
举例说明：Sp=5mm(α=18度)——离下死点距离为5mm时产生公称力（吨位）S P<S ;S>S P当公称行程S在这两种情况下压力机有关零件受力情况有所不同2、滑块行程滑块行程指滑块从上死点到下死点所经过的距离，行程是曲轴偏心的2倍1滑块行程大小，随着工艺用途和公称力的不同而变化，落料与冲孔工序一般不需要大的滑块行程。
2浅拉伸要求滑块行程大点，此时滑块行程一般不应小于拉伸件高度的3倍，此外还要考虑到上模在上死点时不与模具导柱脱开。
3大吨位的压力机一般都有工件顶出装置，为了使工件在顶出过程中不损坏工件而且便于取出，滑块行程也要增加。
冲床知识
冲床知识讲座一、主要技术参数1．公称压力Pg曲柄压力机的公称压力（即额定压力）是指滑块离下死点前某一特定距离（即公称压力行程Sg）或曲柄旋转到离下死点前某一特定角度（即公称压力角αg）时，滑块所容许承受的最大作用力，单位N或kN。
2．滑块行程S滑块行程为滑块从上死点到下死点直线距离，单位mm。
3．滑块单位时间的行程次数n行程次数为滑块每分钟从上死点到下死点再回到上死点的往返次数。
压力机的行程次数应能保证生产率，同时必须考虑操作者的操作频率不能超过承受能力，造成疲劳作业。
4．装模高度H装模高度为滑块在下死点时，滑块底平面到工作垫板上表面的距离，单位mm。
当滑块调节到上极限位置时，装模高度达到最大值，称为最大装模高度。
封闭高度是指滑块在下死点时，滑块底平面到工作台上表面的距离，单位mm。
封闭高度和装模高度之差恰好是垫板厚度。
其他参数还有工作台板和滑块底面尺寸、喉深及立柱间距等。
压力机装设安全装置时要考虑这些参数。
二、曲柄压力机组成根据压力机的传动方式、结构形式及产生压力的方式等不同，可有多种类型。
按传动方式不同，可分为机械传动、液压传动、电磁及气动压力机；按机身结构不同，可分为开式和闭式机身压力机；按产生压力的方式不同，机械压力机又可分为摩擦压力机和曲柄压力机。
机械传动的曲柄压力机使用量最大，是我国工业部门中最基本、最常见的压力机械类型。
其中，中、小吨位开式机身机械式曲柄压力机使用量多，手工操作比例大，相应的事故率也高。
本章将重点讨论开式机身机械式曲柄压力机。
曲柄压力机由机身、动力传动系统、工作机构和操纵系统组成。
1．机身机身由床身、底座和工作台三部分组成，工作台上的垫板用来安装下棋。
机身大多为铸铁材料，而大型压力机采用钢板焊接而成。
机身首先要满足刚度、强度条件，有利于减振降噪，保证压力机的工作稳定性。
2．动力传动系统动力传动系统由电动机、传动装置（齿轮传动或带传动）以及飞轮组成，其中电动机和飞轮是动力部件。
125t冲床参数
125t冲床参数全文共四篇示例，供读者参考第一篇示例：125t冲床是一种用于冲压加工的机械设备，它具有高效、精度高、使用方便等优点，被广泛应用于汽车、家电、电子、五金等行业。
冲床的参数设置对产品加工质量和生产效率有很大影响，下面我们将详细介绍125t冲床的参数设置及其对产品加工的影响。
1. 冲床的额定冲击力：125t冲床的额定冲击力是指在正常工作状态下，冲床在一次完整冲裁过程中所施加的最大力量。
额定冲击力直接影响到产品的成形效果和加工效率，如果冲床的额定冲击力过小，可能导致产品冲裁不完整或变形，严重影响产品质量；如果冲床的额定冲击力过大，会增加机械设备的负荷，可能损坏设备或缩短设备的使用寿命。
2. 冲床的最大冲床行程：125t冲床的最大冲床行程是指冲床上下运动的最大距离，也就是冲床的最大有效冲裁部分的高度。
最大冲床行程的设置要根据产品的设计要求和加工工艺来确定，过小会导致产品无法完整冲裁，过大会浪费材料和加工时间。
3. 冲床的冲击频率：125t冲床的冲击频率是指在单位时间内冲床的冲击次数，一般以每分钟冲击次数来表示。
冲击频率的设置要根据产品的加工要求来确定，过高的冲击频率会增加机械设备的磨损和噪音，过低的冲击频率会降低生产效率。
4. 冲床的极限冲裁厚度：125t冲床的极限冲裁厚度是指冲床能够冲裁的最大材料厚度。
极限冲裁厚度的设置要考虑到材料的硬度和强度，过厚的材料会导致冲床受力过大，可能损坏设备或产生危险；过薄的材料则会影响产品的成形效果。
125t冲床的参数设置对产品加工质量和生产效率有很大影响，正确合理地设置冲床的参数可以提高产品的成形质量和加工效率，减少生产成本，提高企业竞争力。
希望本文对您了解125t冲床的参数设置有所帮助。
第二篇示例：125t冲床是一种用于金属加工的机械设备，其参数是决定其工作性能和加工效果的重要因素。
下面将详细介绍125t冲床的参数及其影响。
125t冲床的参数包括冲击力、冲床床身尺寸、冲模间距等。
(1-2)冲压设备及选用
第一章 冲压模具设计与制造基础
第二节 冲压设备及选用
二、冲压设备的选用
（一）压力机类型的选择 根据工序性质、生产批量、冲件质量等要求进行选择。 （二）压力机规格的选择
1.公称压力 2.滑块行程长度：值为曲轴半径的两倍 3.行程次数 4.工作台面尺寸 5.滑块模柄孔尺寸 6.闭合高度 7.电动机功率的选择 压力机参数
第一章 冲压模具设计与制造基础
第二节 冲压设备及选用
三、模具的安装
一般次序：
1. 检查台面、闭合高度、打料装置等。
2. 根据冲模的闭合高度调整压力机滑块的高度，并分别固 定上、下模部分。
3. 试冲。
第一章 冲压模具设计与制造基础
公称压力：滑块下滑到距下极
点某一特定的距离Sp或曲柄旋转 到距下极点某一特定角度α 时， 所产生的冲击力称为压力机的 公称压力。
压力机的闭合高度 ： 指滑块在下止点时，滑块底面到工作
台上平面（即垫板下平面）之间的距离。其高度可调。
压力机的装模高度： 指压力机的闭合高度减去垫板厚度的差值。
指冲模在最低工作位置时，上模座上平面 模具的闭合高度 ：
至下模座下平面之间的距离。 理论上为： Hmin - H1 ≤ H ≤ Hmax-H1
第一章 冲压模具设计与制造基础
开式压力机
第一章 冲压模具设计与制造基础
闭式压力机
第一章 冲压模具设计与制造基础
表1.2.2 开式固定台式压力机参数
第一章 冲压模具设计与制造基础
打料装置
第一章 冲压模具设计与制造基础
复习上次课内容
1.冲压、冲模
2.冲压工序及冲模的分类 3.冲模设计与制造的要求
第一章 冲压模具设计与制造基础
NTC-80、110、160 吨高精密冲床技术资料
技术方案NTC-80、110、160 吨高精密冲床南通锻压设备股份有限公司2013年7月1 综述本高精密冲床是我公司根据市场需求和发展方向，集合国外先进的设计工而成，具有精持好，机床钢性强的特点，适用于冲孔、落料、浅拉伸等加工。
附机器照片：地址：江苏省如皋经济开发区柴湾工业园区ADD:Chaiwan Industrial Zone,Rugao City,Jangsu Province，P.R.China地址：江苏省如皋经济开发区柴湾工业园区ADD:Chaiwan Industrial Zone,Rugao City,Jangsu Province，P.R.China主要结构及技术性能情况1.1机身采用高质Q235A钢板焊接结构，熱时效消除内应力处理，钢性好，机身加工是采用进口机床（捷克落地镗床）一次装夹加工完成，主要传动轴承采用合金铜，经液氮速冻后再组入机身，让它在一定时间内膨胀到二者合一后，进行精加工。
所以精度完全保证在0.03mm之内。
底脚配置减震垫，具有高强的减震效果。
1.2曲轴纵放，结构紧凑，外形美观；材质为42CrMo锻打而成、后经专业检测仪器对材料进行探视，确保材质及密度达标，完成强度检验后，再经过调质、高频处理、精密研磨加工而成，完全精度保证在0.01mm之内。
1.3滑块采用高质原材料铸造结构，具有极高的吸震效果。
经回火消除内应力处理。
采用六面体矩形导轨，导轨材质均采用合金铜，耐磨性高、稳定性好、精度高。
装模高度调节装置：封闭式高度电动调节，滑块装模高度的显示精度为0.1mm。
内置传动涡轮，确保在调节模高时的平稳度和精度。
滑块内采用日本昭和液压过载保护装置：气液式超过额定吨位约10％产生过载反应，滑块自动停止，确保机身等主要部件不受任何损坏。
采用气动平衡缸来平衡滑块及上模的重量，稳定性强、精度保持性好；1.4采用意大利进口气动组合式摩擦离合器——制动器，为低惯量干式离合器、制动器、双阀故障检测。
冲床(冲压机)分类汇总
双柱液压机
大部分国内可以提供
双柱校正液压机
大部分国内可以提供
龙门移动式液压机
大部分国内可以提供
四柱液压机Байду номын сангаас
四柱液压机
大部分国内可以提供
四柱上移式液压机
大部分国内可以提供
四柱校直液压机
大部分国内可以提供
框架液压机
大部分国内可以提供
单动薄板冲压液压机
大部分国内可以提供
液
单动厚板冲压液压机
大部分国内可以提供
大部分国内不能提供
手动液压机
大部分国内可以提供
台式液压机
大部分国内可以提供
单柱液压机
单柱液压机
大部分国内可以提供
单柱冲压液压机
大部分国内可以提供
单柱板材成形液压机
大部分国内可以提供
单柱拉深液压机
大部分国内可以提供
单柱校直液压机
大部分国内可以提供
单柱压装液压机
大部分国内可以提供
单柱校正压装液压机
大部分国内可以提供
大部分国内不能提供
油桶波纹旋压机
大部分国内不能提供
热双辊增厚旋压机
用10 -12m长的无缝钢
管俩端旋压成形，生产气
瓶，用于储气。
辊压
专用辊压型材机组
大部分国内不能提供
成形
机组
专用辊压成型生产线
大部分国内不能提供
冲床一网供稿，转载请保留链接。
大部分国内可以提供
船体板材成形数控液压机生产
大部分国内可以提供
线
高强板热成形液压机生产线
大部分国内不能提供
普通旋压机
大部分国内不能提供
双轮变薄旋压机
5 63T冲床
开式可倾压力机
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5、
制动器 (图 10)
曲轴左端装有偏心带式制动器是为 了克服滑块部分的惯性 ,当 离合器脱 开时,使 曲轴停止在死点正负 5度 范围内。
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23-BOBˉ 300ω 通过铜衬套 (J23-BOB=30θ 7、 θ
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冲床剪板机冲裁吨位汇总计算表
式中：P为平刃口冲裁力（N）；t为材料厚度（mm）；L为冲裁周长（mm）；τ为材料抗剪强度 K为安全系数，一般取K=1．3
F=S*L*440/10000
式中：S为工件厚度（mm)，L为工件长度（mm)，一般情况下用此公式即可。
卸料力
千牛 式中：Kx为卸料力系数
Px=KxP冲 Kx的参考数为0.04 算出的结果单位为KN
式中：D为毛坯直径，d1为凹模直径， R凹为凹模圆角半径， p为拉深力 Fl= d1 bk1(N)
式中：d1为首次拉深直径（mm），b为材料抗拉强度（Mpa），K为修正系数
冲床冲压力 千牛
P冲压=P冲裁+P卸料+P推料+P压边力+P拉深力
名称 折弯压力
冲裁力 冲剪力
吨位计算公式
单位
计算公式
吨 千牛 千牛
F=65 X t2 L/V(吨/Ton)
式中：F为折弯压力（吨），t为材料厚度（毫米），V为凹模开口宽度（毫米),L为板宽度（米） 备注：铝、铜材质折弯力为Fx0.65倍， 不锈钢材质折弯力为Fx1.6倍。详细数据见后面折弯压力对 照表
推件力 压边力 拉深力
千牛 千牛 千牛
Pt=KtPn
式中：Kt为推件力系数 n为留于凹模洞口内的件数 其中:Px、Pt 分别为卸料力、推件力， Kx，Kt分别是上述两种力的修正系数，P为冲裁力； n为查正表卡在凹模洞口内的件数 Kt的参考数为0.05,结果单位为KN
P y=1/4 [D2—（d1+2R凹）2]P
冲床(1)剖析
5．刃壁 刃壁是冲裁凹模孔刃口的侧壁。 6．刃口斜度 刃口斜度是冲裁凹模孔刃壁的每侧斜度。 7．气垫 气垫是以压缩空气为原动力的弹顶器。 8．反侧压块
反侧压块是从工作面的另一侧支持单向受力凸模的零件。
山东威力重工
9．导套 导套是为上、下模座相对运动提供精密导向的管状零件，多数固定在上模座内，与固定在下模座的 导柱配合使用。 10．导板 导板是带有与凸模精密滑配内孔的板状零件，用于保证凸模与凹模的相互对准，并起卸料（件）作 用。 11．导柱 导柱是为上、下模座相对运动提供精密导向的圆柱形零件，多数固定在下模座，与固定在上模座的 导套配合使用。 12．导正销 导正销是伸入材料孔中导正其在凹模内位置的销形零件。 13．导板模 导板模是以导板作导向的冲模，模具使用时凸模不脱离导板。
46．垫板 垫板是介于固定板（或凹模）与模座间的淬硬板状零件，用以减低模座承受的单位压缩 应力。
详细构造
冲床上模是整副冲模的上半部，即安装于压力机滑块上的冲模部分。上 模座。下模是整副冲模的下半部，即安装于压力机工作台面上的冲模部 分。下模座是下模底面的板状零件。刃壁是冲裁凹模孔刃口的侧壁。刃
14．导料板 导料板是引导条（带、卷）料进入凹模的板状导向零件。
15．导柱模架导柱模架是导柱、导套相互滑动的模架。
16．冲模 冲模是装在压力机上用于生产冲件的工艺装备，由相互配合的上、下两部分组成。 17．凸模 凸模是冲模中起直接形成冲件作用的凸形工作零件，即以外形为工作表面的零件。 18．凹模
冲床知识
冲床知识讲座一、主要技术参数1．公称压力Pg曲柄压力机的公称压力（即额定压力）是指滑块离下死点前某一特定距离（即公称压力行程Sg）或曲柄旋转到离下死点前某一特定角度（即公称压力角αg）时，滑块所容许承受的最大作用力，单位N或kN。
2．滑块行程S滑块行程为滑块从上死点到下死点直线距离，单位mm。
3．滑块单位时间的行程次数n行程次数为滑块每分钟从上死点到下死点再回到上死点的往返次数。
压力机的行程次数应能保证生产率，同时必须考虑操作者的操作频率不能超过承受能力，造成疲劳作业。
4．装模高度H装模高度为滑块在下死点时，滑块底平面到工作垫板上表面的距离，单位mm。
当滑块调节到上极限位置时，装模高度达到最大值，称为最大装模高度。
封闭高度是指滑块在下死点时，滑块底平面到工作台上表面的距离，单位mm。
封闭高度和装模高度之差恰好是垫板厚度。
其他参数还有工作台板和滑块底面尺寸、喉深及立柱间距等。
压力机装设安全装置时要考虑这些参数。
二、曲柄压力机组成根据压力机的传动方式、结构形式及产生压力的方式等不同，可有多种类型。
按传动方式不同，可分为机械传动、液压传动、电磁及气动压力机；按机身结构不同，可分为开式和闭式机身压力机；按产生压力的方式不同，机械压力机又可分为摩擦压力机和曲柄压力机。
机械传动的曲柄压力机使用量最大，是我国工业部门中最基本、最常见的压力机械类型。
其中，中、小吨位开式机身机械式曲柄压力机使用量多，手工操作比例大，相应的事故率也高。
本章将重点讨论开式机身机械式曲柄压力机。
曲柄压力机由机身、动力传动系统、工作机构和操纵系统组成。
1．机身机身由床身、底座和工作台三部分组成，工作台上的垫板用来安装下棋。
机身大多为铸铁材料，而大型压力机采用钢板焊接而成。
机身首先要满足刚度、强度条件，有利于减振降噪，保证压力机的工作稳定性。
2．动力传动系统动力传动系统由电动机、传动装置（齿轮传动或带传动）以及飞轮组成，其中电动机和飞轮是动力部件。
压机、冲床设备参数明细表
上台面 上台面
60mm 2个 3个
空下 工作 回程
YTD32-100（A） 四柱液压机 1000KN 25MPa 550mm 800mm
100mm/s 5-12mm/s 80mm/s 720X580mm 7.5KW
空下 工作 回程
YTD32-100E 四柱液压机
1000KN 250KN 25MPa 800mm 1200mm
200mm
T型槽尺寸示意图
最外端T型槽距底板边缘最小距离 T型槽数量
型号 名称 公称力 滑块行程 最大装模高度 上台面尺寸（左右*前后） 下台面尺寸（左右*前后） 功率 上T型槽间距
150mm 6个
JD21-100A 冲床
140mm 350mm 400X475mm 600X900mm
180mm
热压成型设备参数表
3-50Hz
上台面 下台面
410X340mm 810X440mm 270-210mm
380V
300mm 150mm
T型槽尺寸示意图
最外端T型槽距底板边缘最小距离 T型槽数量
型号 名称 公称力 液体最大工作压力 滑块行程 最大开口高度 滑块下行速度
台面尺寸（左右*前后） 功率
型号 名称 公称力 回程力 液体最大工作压力 滑块行程 最大开口高度 滑块下行速度
7号压机
210mm 6个
J36-250B 闭式双点压力机
2500KN 1000mm 2770X1250mm 590mm 250mm 400mm 2620mm
215mm
T型槽尺寸示意图
最外端T型槽距底板边缘最小距离
上
110mm
下
215mm
机器设备各项参数参考表
通用设备经济寿命年限参考表专用设备经济寿命年限参考表注：1.根据设备单价的大小及其体积重量及所处地区交通条件选定具体费率。
单价高、体积小、重量轻、交通方便地区的取低值，反之取高值。
2.特殊情况或用空运等可按实估算。
人民币存贷款利率调整表2011年4月6日表一机动车总成、部件价值权分参考表（英文版）Two regulations promulgated for implementation is in the party in power for a long time and the rule of law conditions, the implementation of comprehensive strictly strategic plan, implementation in accordance with the rules and discipline to manage the party, strengthen inner-party supervision of major initiatives. The two regulations supporting each other, the < code > adhere to a positive advocate, focusing on morality is of Party members and Party leading cadres can see, enough to get a high standard; < rule > around the party discipline, disciplinary ruler requirements, listed as "negative list, focusing on vertical gauge, draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the" bottom line ". Here, the main from four square face two party rules of interpretation: the first part introduces two party Revised regulations the necessity and the revision process; the second part is the interpretation of the two fundamental principles of the revision of laws and regulations in the party; the third part introduces two party regulations modified the main changes and needs to grasp several key problems; the fourth part on how to grasp the implementation of the two regulations of the party. < code > and < Regulations > revised the necessity and revised history of the CPC Central Committee the amendment to the Chinese Communist Party members and leading cadres honest politics several guidelines > and < Chinese Communist Party discipline and Punishment Regulations > column 1 by 2015 to strengthenparty laws and regulations focus. Two party regulations revision work lasted a Y ears, pooling the wisdom of the whole party, ideological consensus, draw historical experience, respect for the wisdom of our predecessors, which reflects the unity of inheritance and innovation; follow the correct direction, grasp the limited goals, adhere to the party's leadership, to solve the masses of the people reflect a focus on the problem. The new revision of the < code > and < rule >, reflects the party's 18 and the eighth session of the third, the spirit of the fourth plenary session, reflecting the experience of studying and implementing the General Secretary Xi Jinping series of important speech, reflects the party's eighteen years comprehensive strictly practice. (a) revised two regulations of the party need of < the ICAC guidelines > in < in 1997 Leaders as members of the Communist Party of China clean politics certain criteria (Trial) > based on revised, the promulgation and implementation of January 2010, to strengthen the construction of the contingent of leading cadres play an important role. But with the party to manage the party strictly administering the deepening, has not been able to fully meet the actual needs. Content is too complicated, "eight prohibition, 52 are not allowed to" hard to remember, and also difficult to put into practice; the second is concisely positive advocated by the lack of prohibited provisions excessive, no autonomy requirements; the third is banned terms and discipline law, both with the party discipline, disciplinary regulationsrepeat and Criminal law and other laws and regulations repeat; the fourth is to "clean" the theme is not prominent, not for the existing problems, and is narrow, only needle of county-level leading cadres above. < rule > is in 1997 < Chinese Communist Party disciplinary cases (Trial) > based on revision, in December 2003 the promulgation and implementation, to strengthen the construction of the party play very important role. Along with the development of the situation, which many provisions have been unable to fully meet the comprehensive strictly administering the practice needs. One is Ji law, more than half of the provisions and criminal law and other countries laws and regulations Repetition; two is the political discipline regulations is not prominent, not specific, for violation of the party constitution, damage the authority of Party Constitution of misconduct lack necessary and serious responsibility to pursue; third is the main discipline for the leading cadres, does not cover all Party members. Based on the above situation, need to < the criterion of a clean and honest administration > and < rule > the two is likely to be more relevant regulations first amendment. By revising, really put the authority of Party discipline, the seriousness in the party tree and call up the majority of Party members and cadres of the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness. (II) two party regulations revision process the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China attaches great importance to two regulations revision . Xi Jinping, general books recorded in the FifthPlenary Session of the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, on the revised regulations < > made clear instructions. According to the central deployment, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection from 2014 under six months begin study two regulations revision. The Standing Committee of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection 4 review revised. Comrade Wang Qishan 14 times held a special meeting to study two regulations revision, amendment clarifies the direction, major issues of principle, path and target, respectively held a forum will listen to part of the province (area) secretary of the Party committee, Secretary of the Discipline Inspection Commission, part of the central ministries and state organs DepartmentThe first party committee is mainly responsible for people, views of experts and scholars and grassroots party organizations and Party members. Approved by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, on 7 September 2015, the general office of the Central Committee of the Party issued a notice to solicit the provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) Party, the central ministries and commissions, state ministries and commissions of the Party (party), the General Political Department of the military, every 3 people organization of Party of two regulations revision opinion. Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of extensive solicitation of opinions, careful study, attracting, formed a revised sent reviewers. In October 8 and October 12, Central Committee PoliticalBureau Standing Committee and the Political Bureau of the Central Committee After consideration of the two regulations revised draft. On October 18, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China formally issued two regulations. Can say, two laws amendment concentrated the wisdom of the whole party, embodies the party. Second, < code > and < Regulations > revision of the basic principles of two party regulations revision work and implement the party's eighteen, ten eight plenary, the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee and General Secretary Xi Jinping important instructions on the revised < low political criterion > and < Regulations >, highlighting the ruling party characteristics, serious discipline, the discipline quite in front of the law, based on the current, a long-term, advance as a whole, with Bu Xiuding independent < rule > and < rule >. Main principle is: first, adhere to the party constitution to follow. The constitution about discipline and self-discipline required specific, awaken the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness, maintaining the authority of the constitution. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that "no rules, no side round. Party constitution is the fundamental law, the party must follow the general rules. In early 2015 held the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee, Xi Jinping again pointed out that constitution is the party must follow the general rules, but also the general rules." the revisionof the < code > and < rule > is Method in adhere to the regulations established for the purpose of combining rule of virtue is to adhere to the party constitution as a fundamental to follow, the constitution authority set up, wake up the party constitution and party rules the sense of discipline, the party constitution about discipline and self-discipline specific requirements. 4 second is to adhere to in accordance with the regulations governing the party and the party. The Party of rule of virtue "de", mainly refers to the party's ideals and beliefs, excellent traditional style. The revised the < code > closely linked to the "self-discipline", insisting on the positive initiative, for all members, highlight the "vital few", emphasized self-discipline, focusing on the morality, and the majority of Party members and the ideological and moral standards. The revised < > Ji method separately, Ji, Ji Y an to Method, as a "negative list", emphasizing the heteronomy, focusing on vertical gauge. Is this one high and one low, a positive reaction, the strict party discipline and practice results transformation for the integration of the whole party to observe moral and discipline requirements, for the majority of Party members and cadres provides benchmarking and ruler. Third, insist on to. In view of the problems existing in the party at the present stage, the main problems of Party members and cadres in the aspect of self-discipline and abide by the discipline to make clearly defined, especially the party's eighteen years strict political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline andto implement the central eight provisions of the spirit against the four winds and other requirements into Disciplinary provisions. Not one pace reachs the designated position, focusing on in line with reality, pragmatic and effective. After the revision of major changes, major changes in the < code > and < rule > modified and needs to grasp several key problems (a) < code > < code > adhere to according to regulations governing the party and party with morals in combination, for at the present stage, the leadership of the party members and cadres and Party members in existing main problems of self-discipline, put forward principles, requirements and specifications, showing Communists noble moral pursuit, reflected at all times and in all over the world ethics from high from low 5 common requirements. One is closely linked to the "self-discipline", removal and no direct relation to the provisions of . the second is adhere to a positive advocate, "eight prohibition" 52 are not allowed to "about the content of the" negative list moved into synchronization amendment < cases >. Three is for all the party members, will apply object from the leadership of the party members and cadres to expand to all Party members, fully embodies the comprehensive strictly required. The fourth is prominent key minority, seize the leadership of the party members and cadres is the key, and put forward higher requirements than the ordinary Party members. Five is to simplify, and strive to achieve concise, easy to understand, easy to remember. The revised < code > is the ruling Party since the first insists ona positive advocate forAll Party members and the self-discipline norms, moral declaration issued to all members of the party and the National People's solemn commitment. > < criterion of a clean and honest administration consists of 4 parts, 18, more than 3600 words. After the revision of the < code >, a total of eight, 281 words, including lead, specification and Party member cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms, etc. Part 3 members low-cost clean and self-discipline, the main contents can be summarized as "four must" "eight code". Lead part, reiterated on ideal and faith, fundamental purpose, the fine traditions and work style, noble sentiments, such as "four must" the principle of requirements, strong tone of self-discipline, The higher request for 6 and supervised tenet, the foothold in permanent Bao the party's advanced nature and purity, to reflect the revised standards requirements. Members of self-discipline norms around the party members how to correctly treat and deal with the "public and private", "cheap and rot" thrifty and extravagance "bitter music", put forward the "four norms". Party leader cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms for the leadership of the party members and cadres of the "vital few", around the "clean politics", from civil servant of the color, the exercise of power, moral integrity, a good family tradition and other aspects of the leadership of the party members and cadres of the "four norms" < > < norm norm. "The Party member's self-discipline norms" and "party members and leading cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms," atotal of eight, collectively referred to as the "eight". "Four must" and "eight" of the content from the party constitution and Party's several generation of leaders, especially Xi Jinping, general secretary of the important discussion, refer to the "three discipline and eight points for attention" statements, and reference some embody the Chinese nation excellent traditional culture essence of epigrams. (2) the revised regulations, the main changes in the revised Regulations > to fully adapt to the strictly requirements, reflects the according to the regulations governing the law of recognition of deepening, the realization of the discipline construction and Jin Ju. < rule > is party a ruler, members of the basic line and follow. And the majority of Party members and cadres of Party organizations at all levels should adhere to the bottom line of thinking, fear discipline, hold the bottom line, as a preventive measure, to keep the party's advanced nature and purity. 1, respect for the constitution, refinement and discipline. Revised < rule > from comprehensive comb physical constitution began, the party constitution and other regulations of the Party of Party organizations and Party discipline requirements refinement, clearly defined in violation of the party constitution will be in accordance with regulations to give the corresponding disciplinary action. The original 10 categories of misconduct, integration specification for political discipline, discipline, honesty and discipline masses Ji Law and discipline and discipline and other six categories, the content of < rule >real return to Party discipline, for the majority of Party members and listed a "negative list. 7 2, highlighting the political discipline and political rules. > < Regulations according to the stage of the discipline of outstanding performance, emphasizing political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline, in opposition to the party's leadership and the party's basic theory, basic line, basic program and basic experience, the basic requirement of behavior made prescribed punishment, increase the cliques, against the organization such as violation of the provisions, to ensure that the central government decrees and the Party of centralized and unified. 3, adhere to strict discipline in the law and discipline In front, Ji separated. Revised < Regulations > adhere to the problem oriented, do Ji separated. Any national law existing content, will not repeat the provisions, the total removal of 79 and criminal law, repeat the content of the public security management punishment law, and other laws and regulations. In the general reiterated that party organizations and Party members must conscientiously accept the party's discipline, die van comply with national laws and regulations; at the same time, to investigate violations of Party members and even criminal behavior of Party discipline and responsibility, > < Regulations distinguish five different conditions, with special provisions were made provisions, so as to realize the connection of Party discipline and state law. 4, reflect Wind building and anti-corruption struggle of the latest achievements. < rule > the party's eighteen yearsimplement the spirit of the central provisions of the eight, against the requirements of the "four winds" and transformation for disciplinary provisions, reflecting the style construction is always on the road, not a gust of wind. In the fight against corruption out of new problems, increase the trading rights, the use of authority relatives profit and other disciplinary terms. Prominent discipline of the masses, the new against the interests of the masses and ignore the demands of the masses and other disciplinary terms and make provisions of the disposition and the destruction of the party's close ties with the masses.Discipline to protect the party's purpose. 8 of these regulations, a total of three series, Chapter 15, 178, more than 24000 words, after the revision of the regulations a total of 3 series, Chapter 11, 133, 17000 words, divided into "general" and "special provisions" and "Supplementary Provisions" Part 3. Among them, add, delete, modify the provisions of the proportion of up to nearly 90%. 1, the general general is divided into five chapters. The first chapter to the regulations of the guiding ideology, principles and scope of application of the provisions, highlight the strengthening of the party constitution consciousness, maintenance the authority of Party Constitution, increase the party organizations and Party members must abide by the party constitution, Y an Centralized centralized, would examine at all levels of the amended provisions implementing and maintaining Party discipline, and consciously accept the party discipline,exemplary compliance with national laws and regulations. The second chapter of discipline concept, disciplinary action types and effects of the regulations, will be a serious warning from the original a year for a year and a half; increase the Party Congress representative, by leaving the party above (including leave probation) punishment, the party organization should be terminated its representative qualification provisions. The third chapter of the disciplinary rules of use prescribed in the discipline rectifying process, non convergence, not close hand classified as severely or heavier punishment. "Discipline straighten "At least eighteen years of five years, these five years is to pay close attention to the provisions of the central eight implementation and anti -" four winds ". The fourth chapter on suspicion of illegal party disciplinary distinguish five different conditions, with special provisions were made provisions, to achieve effective convergence of Party and country 9 method. < rule > the provisions of Article 27, Party organizations in the disciplinary review found that party members have committed embezzlement, bribery, dereliction of duty dereliction of duty and other criminal law act is suspected of committing a crime shall give cancel party posts, probation or expelled from the party. The second is < Regulations > Article 28 the provisions of Party organizations in the disciplinary review But found that party members are stipulated in the criminal law, although not involved in a crime shall be investigated for Party discipline and responsibility shouldbe depending on the specific circumstances shall be given a warning until expelled punishment. This situation and a difference is that the former regulation behavior has been suspected of a crime, the feeling is quite strict, and the latter for the behavior not involving crime, only the objective performance of the provisions of the criminal code of behavior, but the plot is a crime to slightly. < Regulations > the 29 provisions, Party organizations in the discipline review found that party members and other illegal behavior, affect the party's image, the damage to the party, the state and the people's interests, we should depend on the situation Seriousness given disciplinary action. The loss of Party members, seriously damaging the party's image of behavior, should be given expelled from the party. At this article is party member is in violation of the criminal law outside the other illegal acts, such as violates the public security administration punishment law, customs law, financial laws and regulations behavior. The fourth is < cases > Article 32 stipulates, minor party members and the circumstances of the crime, the people's Procuratorate shall make a decision not to initiate a prosecution, or the people's court shall make a conviction and exempted from criminal punishment shall be given within the party is removed from his post, probation or expelled from the party. Party members and crime, sheets were fined in accordance with For acts; the principal Ordinance amended the provisions of the preceding paragraph. This is the new content, in order to achieve Ji method effectiveconvergence. Five is < > the thirty third article 10 of the provisions, the Party member due to an intentional crime is sentenced to criminal law (including probation) sheets or additional deprivation of political rights; due to negligence crime and was sentenced to three years or more (excluding three years) a penalty, shall give expelled punishment. Due to negligence crime is convicted and sentenced to three years (including three years) in prison or be sentenced to public surveillance, detention, shall in general be expelled from the party. For the individual may not be expelled from the party, should control Approval. This is followed and retained the original > < Regulations the provisions of punishment party authorization rules and report to a level party organizations. For is "party members with criminal acts, and by the criminal punishment, generally should be expelled from the party". The fifth chapter of probationary Party member of the discipline and discipline after missing members of the treatment and punishment decisions, such as the implementation of the provisions, clear the related party discipline and punishment decision made after, for duties, wages and other relevant alteration formalities for the longest time. 2, sub sub section will the original regulations of10 categories of acts of violation of discipline integration revised into 6 categories, respectively, in violation of the punishments for acts of political discipline "in violation of discipline behavior of punishment" in violation of integrity of disciplinary action points "of violation punishments for actsof mass discipline" "the violation of work discipline, punishment" in violation of discipline of life behavior punishment "6 chapters. 3, annex" Supplementary Provisions "clear authority making supplementary provisions of, cases of interpretative organ, as well as regulations implementation time and retroactivity etc.. 11 (3) learning understanding > < regulations needs to grasp several key problems The first problem -- about the violation of political discipline behavior > < new ordinance chapter 6 the political discipline column for the six disciplines, that is the main opposition to Party leadership and the opposition of the basic theory, basic line, basic program and basic experience, basic requirements of misconduct made provisions of the disposition, especially the eighteen since the CPC Central Committee put forward the Yan Mingzheng treatment of discipline and political rules requirements and practical achievements transformation for Discipline article, increase the false debate central policies, cliques, against the organization review, make no discipline of the principle of harmony terms. These are the party's eighteen years in comprehensive strictly Process combined with the practice of rich content. (1) false debate the central policies and undermine the Party of centralized and unified the problem is made in accordance with the provisions of the party constitution. Constitution in general programme requirements adhere to democratic centralism is one of the requirements of the construction of the party must adhere to the four cardinal. Applicationof this principle is not only the party the basic organization principle and is also the mass line in party life, it requires that we must fully develop inner-party democracy, respect for the dominant position of Party members, safeguarding the Party member democratic rights, give full play to the enthusiasm and creativity of the party organizations at all levels and Party members, at the same time, also must implement the right concentration, ensure the party's mission < the chaos in unity and concerted action to ensure that the party's decision to get quickly and effectively implementing. The Party Central Committee formulated the major principles and policies, through different channels and ways, fully listen to the party organizations and Party members of the opinions and suggestions, but 12 is some people face to face not to say back blather "" will not say, after the meeting said, "" Taiwan does not say, and nonsense ", in fact, not only disrupt the people thought, some causing serious consequences, the damage to the Party of the centralized and unified, hinder the central policy implementation, but also a serious violation of the democratic system of principles. There is no doubt that shall, in accordance with the Regulations > 4 Specified in Article 6 to give the appropriate punishment. For did not cause serious consequences, to give criticism and education or the corresponding tissue processing. (2) about the destruction of the party's unity < New Regulations > the forty eighth to fifty second article, to damage Party's unity unified and violation of political discipline, punishment situationmade explicit provisions. Article 52 of the new "in the party get round group, gangs seek private gain, cliques, cultivate private forces or through the exchange of interests, for their own to create momentum and other activities to gain political capital, given a serious warning or withdraw from their party posts disposition; if the circumstances are serious, to give Leave a party to observation or expelled from the party. (3) on against the organization review of the provisions of the constitution, party loyalty honesty is party members must comply with the obligations. Members must obey the organization decision, shall not violate the organization decided encounters by asking questions to find organization, rely on the organization, shall not deceive the organization, against the organization. For example, after the investigation does not take the initiative to explain the situation, but to engage in offensive and defensive alliance, hiding the stolen money is against survey organization, is a violation of the behavior of political discipline. Article 24 of the original > < Regulations, although the provisions of the interference, hinder group review the behavior of the fabric can be severely or 13 Aggravated punishment, but did not put this kind of behavior alone as a discipline for qualitative amount of discipline. > < new regulations increase the Article 57, "anti organization review, one of the following acts, given a warning or serious warning; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, give。
冲床基础知识.
※ 增压器气压调节范围: 苏2050t为:(1.5-4㎏)、小松1000t为:(2.0-4.92㎏)、小
松1300t为:(2.2-4.5㎏)。注意千万不能超出这个范围 ※ 调节增压器下腔的气压便可获得每个点不同的压边力。记住压边力的大小是调出
来的！
2018/12/20
16/61
液压保护装置工作过载时示意图
20MPa
0MPa
2018/12/20
12/61
压力机操作培训—设备组
3、四角压力调节装置的基本原理及调整方法？
基本原理：外滑块每个点的液压垫连接一个增压器装置（其具有压力补偿与 过载保护的双重作用）。增压器内部分为上下腔，上下腔面积成一定比例。 上腔（油腔）与液压垫腔相连，并且阀芯有一定的行程；下腔通入压缩空气。 外滑块的液压保护装置在工作时将液压油同时打入增压器的上腔（油腔）， 并使其及液压垫产生一定的预压。
在模具中的弹簧完成，也可以用装在单动压力机中的拉深垫来完成。 对于拉深工艺，拉深垫的作用是压边、防止起皱。 拉深垫顶起托板的平行度、压边力的稳定性对拉延制件有直接的影响。
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压力机操作培训—设备组
1、单动压床基本原理（续）
ω
R：偏心半径
L：连杆长度
O
α
B0′：滑块上死点位置
的背压，此时压力机正常工作。
当压力机超载时，液压垫中的油压升高，其压力大于卸荷阀（或平衡阀） 的背压，迫使卸荷阀（或平衡阀）的阀芯移动，液压垫中的液压油排回油箱， 压力机迅速卸载，连杆座相对于滑块移动一段距离，这样在保护压力机的同时， 也避免了因过载对零件造成损坏。
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压力机操作培训—设备组 液压保护装置实物照片
JF21扬力冲床参数
JF21系列干式离合、压塌式保险开式固定台压力机
■ 钢板焊接高刚度机身；
■ 主电机采用西门子电机；
■ 组合式干式气动摩擦离合器、制动器；
■ 齿轮副浸油润滑；
■ 矩形六面加长导轨；
■ 刚性压塌式保险器；
■ JF21-25/25B/45手动调模，其中JF21-25/45刻度指示，JF21-25B数字显示；■ JF21-63以上电动调模，数码显示；
■ 其中JF21-45可选配电动调模，数码显示；
■ 滑块装设了上提式平衡缸装置（除JF21-25以外）；
■ 进口双联电磁阀；
■ JF21-160及以上采用电动浓油强制润滑系统；
■ 平衡缸采用手动稀油润滑系统；
■ 配一组吹件装置；
■ 国际品牌PLC控制；
■ 国际品牌接触器、按钮、指示灯；
■ 可选配气垫装置，自动送料轴装置，光电保护装置，可搭配各种自动化设备。
开式(普通)冲床基本参数表
名称
J23-
16T
J23-
25T
J23-
40T
J23-
63T
J23-
80T
J21-
100T
J21-
125T
公称压力（千牛）
160
250
400
630
800
1000
1250
公称压力行程（毫米）
5
5
6
6
8
9
10
滑块行程（毫米）
60
70
100
100
120
130
140
滑块行程次数（次/分）
250
300
340
370
410
480
模柄孔尺寸
直径（毫米）
40
40
50
50
60
60
70
深度（毫米）
60
60
70
70
80
80
90
机身两立柱间距（毫米）
170
210
260
280
300
340
370
工作台至道轨间净距离（毫米）
250
290
340
350
380
400
430
垫板厚度（毫米）
45
50
80
80
90
100
1500
高度（毫米）
1800
2050
2400
2480
2600
2680
2800
110
机身可倾角度（度）
30
25
25
25
25
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300
340
370
410
480
模柄孔尺寸
直径（毫米）
40
40
50
50
60
60
70
深度（毫米）
60
60
70
70
80
80
90
机身两立柱间距（毫米）
170
210
260
280
300
340
370
工作台至道轨间净距离（毫米）
250
290
340
350
380
400
430
垫板厚度（毫米）
45
50
80
80
90
100
530
650
710
750
890
980工作台落料Biblioteka 尺寸前后（毫米）130
140
170
180
220
240
260
左右（毫米）
200
220
240
260
340
360
400
直径（毫米）
120
130
160
170
190
200
210
滑块底面总尺寸
前后（毫米）
130
170
220
230
240
280
360
左右（毫米）
220
110
70
55
60
50
45
45
最大封闭高度（毫米）
220
260
320
330
380
380
400
封闭高度调节量（毫米）
50
60
80
80
100
100
100
滑块中心线至床身距离（毫米）
180
190
230
240
260
310
340
工作台尺寸
前后（毫米）
300
320
400
450
480
590
660
左右（毫米）
450
开式（普通）冲床基本参数表
名称
J23-
16T
J23-
25T
J23-
40T
J23-
63T
J23-
80T
J21-
100T
J21-
125T
公称压力（千牛）
160
250
400
630
800
1000
1250
公称压力行程（毫米）
5
5
6
6
8
9
10
滑块行程（毫米）
60
70
100
100
120
130
140
滑块行程次数（次/分）
110
机身可倾角度（度）
30
25
25
25
25
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电机
功率（千瓦）
1.5
2.2
4
5.5
7.5
7.5
11
转速（转/分）
1410
1440
1440
1440
1440
1440
1460
外形尺寸
前后（毫米）
1100
1200
1500
1600
1750
1800
1890
左右（毫米）
780
900
1100
1150
1300
1400
1500
高度（毫米）
1800
2050
2400
2480
2600
2680
2800