四级模拟试题Model Test1
model test one 大学英语新四级模拟题.doc
Model Test OnePart III Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation^ one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A)f B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.Example: You will hear:You will read:A)At the office.B)In the waiting room.C)At the airport.D)In a restaurant.From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they will start at 9 o9cl ock in the morning and have to finish at 2 in the afternoon. Therefore, A) “At the office" is the correct answer. You should choose [A] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the center.Sample Answer fA} [B] [C] [D]11.[A] She loves walking to work.[B]She has to save money for her journey.[C]She doesn't like the company she worked with.[D]It took her too much time to go to work.12.[A] Edward will certainly be here on time.[B]Nobody will be here on time.[C]He is not sure whether Edward will be here on time.[D]Maybe Edward will be here on time.13.[A] She was using the wrong paint.[B]She has run out of paintbrushes.[C]She doesn't feel like going to class.[D]She has dropped out of art and is now in drama.14.[A] The woman should lose 10 pounds.[B]The woman should gain 5 pounds.[C]The woman should not worry.[D]The woman should buy some new clothes.15.[A] Forty yuan. [B] Thirty yuan.[C] Thirty-five yuan. [D] Forty-five yuan.16.[A] He'll definitely go.[B]He'll probably not to go since he is busy.[C]He'll not regret missing a chance like that.[D]He'll probably not to go since he is not interested.17.[A] At the man's house. [B] In a restaurant.[C] In a grocer's. [D] In a hotel.18.[A] The man could not wait to see Susan.[B]Susan is eager to pass the information she knows.[C]Susan talks to people only on the phone.[D]The man always knows the latest news in town.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19.[A] That the library opens at 8:00.[B]That no one else has read the articles.[C]That none of the material he needs is available.[D]That reserve materials can be taken out of the library.20.[A] He is not cooperative.[B]He will be in his office all afternoon.[C]He has not read any of the articles himself.[D]He already brought in extra copies of the articles.21.[A] Return early the next day.[B]Photocopy the articles he needs.[C]Ask professor Grand for a copy of the articles.[D]Wait until the girl has finished with her articles.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.22.[A] The election for senator. [B] The election for treasurer.[C] The election for secretary. [D] The election for president.23.[A] They are competing against each other in an election.[B]The man is writing the woman's speech.[C]The man is interviewing the woman.[D]The woman is planning the man's campaign.[B] Write a speech.Study chemistry. 24. [A] Make posters. [C] Answer questions.25. [A] Compare their lectures. [B] Review the man's talk.[C] Prepare questions to ask candidates. [D] Vote in the school election.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question^ you must choose the best answer from the four choices markedA),B),C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
四级真题Model Test 1(四级)
Model Test 1Part I Writing（30 minutes)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay based on the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then explain whether to choose a good university or a good major when it comes to listing university preferences. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
Part II Listening Comprehension（25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
新向标英语model test 1四级 -回复
尊敬的各位专家和同仁们，我想感谢您们能够抽出宝贵的时间来阅读并回复本文。
今天我将在此发表一篇新向标英语四级模拟试题，希望可以得到各位的批评和指导。
1. 阅读文章Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10,plete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Questions 1-10The Internet and globalization have changed the way people interact and develop their relationships. In the past, people often relied on face-to-facemunication to foster relationships with others. However, in today’s society, many people have turned to the Internet to meet new friends,municate with others and m本人nt本人n their relationships.In a study conducted by the Pew Research Center, it was found that 35 of adults have used social media to meet new friendsand 57 have used it to make new business contacts. This change in the way people develop relationships has had both positive and negative effects.One positive effect of the Internet and globalization on relationships is that it has allowed people to connect with others from all over the world. It is now possible for people to form friendships and business connections with individuals from different countries and cultures. This has not only broadened people’s social circles, but also increased their awareness and understanding of the world.On the other hand, the Internet and globalization have also had some negative effects on relationships. For example, some people have be so engrossed in their online relationships that they have neglected their offline relationships. Additionally, the Internet has made it easier for people to engage in dishonest behavior, such as lying about their identity and intentions.In conclusion, the Internet and globalization have brought about significant changes in the way people develop their relationships. While it has made it easier for people to connect with others from around the world, it has also brought aboutsome negative consequences.2. 听力部分Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 11-15, mark A) if the statement is true, mark B) if the statement is false, and mark C) if the statement has no information.Questions 11-1511. The Internet has changed the way people interact and develop their relationships.12. According to the study conducted by the Pew Research Center, 57 of adults have used social media to meet new friends.13. One positive effect of the Internet and globalization is that it has allowed people to form friendships with individuals from different countries.14. The Internet has made it easier for people to engage in dishonest behavior, such as lying about their identity and intentions.15. The Internet has not brought about any negative consequences in the way people develop relationships.3. 翻译部分Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.Part A请按照以下要求，将第1到第5段译成英语。
大学英语四级-模拟测试model-text1
2021年12月四级考试预测押题卷（一）Part I Writing(30minutes)Directions:For this part,you are allowed30minutes to write a letter to offer your suggestions to your cousin who sought your advice on how to make his resume distinctive.You should write at least120words but no more than 180words.Part II Listening Comprehension(25minutes)Section ADirections:In this section,you will hear three news reports.At the end of each conversation,you will hear four questions.Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre.Questions1and2are based on the news report you have just heard.1.A)Two.B)Three.C)Four.D)Five.2.A)He called the police after the accident.B)He broke his arm in the accident.C)He was caught taking drugs.D)He was arrested by the police.Questions3and4are based on the news report you have just heard.3.A)A cure to brain cancer.B)A new surgical instrument.C)A pen that can identify cancerous tissue.D)A new drug that can eliminate cancerous tissue.4.A)Finding the border between the cancerous and normal tissue.B)Identifying the accuracy rate of the new device.C)Improving their speed of removing a tumour.D)Using the new device in brain surgery.Questions5to7are based on the news report you have just heard.5.A)To collect scientific data on it.C)To take photos of the storm on it.B)To monitor the storm on it.D)To investigate its environment.6.A)It has lasted for nearly350years.B)It has lasted for more that350months.C)It seems to be getting smaller.D)It seems to be getting larger.7.A)What initially caused the storm.C)What is the impact of the storm.B)What is underneath the storm.D)What makes the storm last for so long.Section BDirections：In this section,you will hear two long conversations.At the end of each conversation,you will hear four questions.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C),and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre.Questions8to11are based on the conversation you have just heard.8.A)It’s for disabled adults.B)It’s in a sports centre.C)It’s rewarding and challenging.D)It’s compulsive in her community.9.A)The skills they need.B)The products they have.C)The market they target.D)The language they require.10.A)Diversify markets and sales strategies.B)Reduce costs and jobs.C)Learn from other companies.D)Listen to the opinions of experts.11.A)The salary and the workload.B)The office hour and the penalty system.C)The welfare and the holiday system.D)The ethical policy and the carbon footprint.Questions12to15are based on the conversation you have just heard.12.A)Double-decker buses.B)The traffic in London.C)Bus routes.D)Travels in Britain.13.A)It has no windows.B)People get onto it at the front.C)It has two carriages.D)It is open at the back.14.A)Uncomfortable.B)Noisy.C)Dangerous.D)Shabby.15.A)Bendy buses can help reduce the traffic jam.B)Bendy buses are more environmentally friendly.C)Bendy buses are convenient for people in wheelchairs.D)Bendy buses are more popular among tourists.Section CDirections:In this section,you will hear three passages.At the end of each passage,you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1 with a single line through the centre.Questions16to18are based on the passage you have just heard.16.A)They had four toes.B)They were not as big as dogs.C)They lived in South America.D)They lived in thick forests.17.A)They had long legs and a long tail.B)They were smaller and had front eyes.C)They began to eat grass as well as fruit.D)They were bigger and had long legs.18.A)They evolved into donkeys in Asia and Africa.B)They used their long legs to run south to South Africa.C)They began to eat apples on the North American plains.D)They preferred grass to fruit and vegetables.Questions19to21are based on the passage you have just heard.19.A)Being rejected by friends and teachers.B)Staying away from his native land.C)Adapting to new study expectations.D)Keeping a balance between study and job.20.A)Talking with older brothers or sisters.C)Starting a conversation with close friends.B)Having a casual talk with a college student.D)Playing with friends on the same sports team.21.A)Follow traditions of with a college student.C)Respect the customs of different colleges.B)Take part in as many activities as possible.D)Take others’advice as reference only.Questions22to25are based on the passage you have just heard.22.A)They tend to harm wildlife.C)They are thrown away everywhere.B)They are hardly recyclable.D)They are made from useless materials.23.A)It is fatal.B)It is weird.C)It is very serious.D)It is complicated.24.A)The sea creatures that have taken in then are consumed by humans.B)The ocean’s ecology has been polluted and affected humans.C)Humans eat the seabirds that have swallowed plastic particles.D)Humans consume the fish that have eaten sea creatures with them.25.A)Its use has been drastically reduced.C)Most products use natural materials.B)It is still an indispensable material.D)The use of plastic items will be charged.PartⅢReading Comprehension(40minutes)Section ADirections:In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet2with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions26to35are based on the following passage.A third of the planet’s land is severely degraded and fertile soil is being lost at the rate of24bn tonnes a year, according to a new United Nations-backed study that calls for a shift away from destructively intensive agriculture, The alarming____26____,which is forecast to continue as demand for food and productive land increases,will ass to the risks of conflicts unless____27____actions are implemented,warns the institution behind the report.“As the ready supply of healthy and productive land dries up and the population grows,competition is ___28___for land within countries and globally,”said executive secretary of the UN Convention to Combat Desertification(UNCCD)at the launch of the Global Land Outlook.“To___29____the losses,the outlook suggests it is in all our interests to step back and rethink how we are managing the pressures and the competition.”The Global Land Outlook is____30____as the most comprehensive study of its type,mapping the interlinked impacts of urbanization,climate change,erosion and forest loss.But the biggest factor is the___31___of industrial farming.Heavy tilling,multiple harvests ans___32____use of agrochemicals have increased yields at the____33____of long-term sustainability.If the past20years,agricultural production has increased threefold and the amount of irrigated land has doubled,notes a paper in the outlook by the Joint Research Centre(JRC)of the European commission.Over time,however,this___34___fertility and can lead to abandonment of land and ___35___desertification.A)absorb I)limitedB)abundant J)minimizeC)billed K)occasionallyD)decline L)optimizesE)diminishes M)rateF)expansion N)remedialG)expense O)ultimatelyH)intensifyingSection BDirections:In this section,you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2.Take Naps at Work.Apologize to No One[A]In the past two weeks I’ve taken three naps at work,a total of an hour or so of shut-eye while on the clock.And I have no shame or uncertainty about doing it.I couldn’t feel better about it,and my productivity reflects it,too.[B]Sleeping on the job is one of those workplace taboos-like leaving your desk for lunch or taking an afternoon walk-that we’re taught to look down on.If someone naps at2p.m.while the rest of us furiously write memos and respond to emails,surely it must mean they’re slacking off(偷懒).Or so the assumption goes.[C]Restfulness and recharging can take a back seat to the perception and appearance of productivity.It’s easier to stay on a virtual hamster(仓鼠)wheel of activity by immediately responding to every email than it is to measure aggregate productivity over a greater period of time.But a growing field of occupational and psychological research is building the case for restfulness in pursuit of greater productivity.[D]Companies are suffering from tremendous productivity problems because people are stressed out and not recovering from the workday,said Josh Bersin,Principal and Founder of Bersin by Deloitte.“They’re beginning to realize that this is their problem,and they can’t just say to people,‘Here’s a work-life balance course,go teach yourself how to manage your inbox,’”Mr.Bersin said.“It’s way more complicated than that.”[E]To be sure,the ability to nap at work is far from widespread,experts said.Few among us have the luxury of being able to step away for a half-hour snoozefest.But lunch hours and coffee breaks can be great times to duck out,and your increased productivity and alertness will be all the evidence you need to make your case to inquiring bosses.[F]In an ideal world,we’d all solve this problem by unplugging early and getting a good night’s sleep. Here’s our guide on how to do just that.But the next best thing is stealing away for a quick power nap when you’re dragging after lunch.[G]In a study published in Nature Neuroscience,researchers tested subjects on their perceptual performance four times throughout the day.Performance deteriorated with each test,but subjects who took a30-minute nap between tests stopped the deterioration in performance,and those who took a60-minute nap even reversed it.[H]“Naps had the same magnitude of benefits as full nights of sleep if they had a quality of nap.”said Sara Mednick,a co-author of the study and associate professor of psychology at the University of California,Riverside.[I]Dr.Mednick,a sleep researcher and the author of Take a Nap!Change Your Life,said daytime napping can have many of the benefits of overnight sleep,and different types of naps offer specific benefits.[J]For example,Dr.Mednick said a20-to60-minute nap might help with memorization and learning specific bits of information.It’s just long enough to enter stage-two sleep,or non-rapid eye movement(R.E.M.)sleep.[K]After60minutes,you start getting into R.E.M.sleep,most often associated with that deep,dreaming state we all enjoy at night R.E.M.sleep can improve creativity,perceptual processing and highly associativethinking,which allows you to make connections between disparate ideas,Dr.Mednick said.Beyond that,your best bet is a90-minute nap,which will give you a full sleep cycle.[L]Any nap,however,can help with alertness and perception and cut through the general fog that creeps in during the day,experts said.[M]So how did we even arrive at this point where aptitude is inextricably tied(紧密相连)to working long, concentrated hours?Blame technology,but think broader than smartphones and laptops;the real issue is that tech has enabled us to be available at all times.[N]“We went through a period where people were in denial and business leaders were ignoring it,”Mr. Bersin said.“They were assuming that if we give people more tools,more emails,more Slack,more chatter,and we’ll just assume they can figure out how to deal with it all.And I think they’ve woken up to the fact that this is a big problem,and it is affecting productivity,engagement,health,safety,wellness and all sorts of things.”[O]It isn’t just office workers who can benefit from an afternoon siesta(午睡).A2015study published in Current Biology looked at the at the sleeping habits of three hunter-gatherer preindustrial societies in Tanzania, Namibia and Bolivia.[P]“They’re active in the morning,then they get in the shade under the trees and have a sort of quiet time, but they’re not generally napping,”said Jerome Siegel,professor of psychiatry and biobehavioral sciences,and director of the U.C.L.A.Center for Sleep Research,a co-author of the study.“Then they do some work and go to sleep,and they sleep through the night.”[Q]Still,Mr.Siegel said,“the only genuine way to solve daytime sleepiness and fatigue starts the night before with a solid night’s sleep.”The real Holy Grail of restfulness is a regular sleep schedule with ideally seven or eight hours of sleep each night,which experts say is optimal.[R]“Daytime napping certainly does increase alertness,”Mr.Siegel said.“But it’s not as simple as going to the gas station and filling the tank.”[S]He also advises avoiding caffeine late in the day and waking around the same time every morning,even if you can’t get to sleep at the same time every night,This helps acclimate(使适应)your body to your regular wake-up time,regardless of how much sleep you got the night before.[T]So if you’ve made it this far and you’re interested in giving workday naps a try(or just starting to nod off),here’s a quick guide to the perfect nap;Find a quiet,unoccupied space where you won’t be disturbed.Try to make your area as dim as possible(or invest in a sleep mask you can keep in the office).Earplugs might help.too.Aim for around20minutes.Any longer than that and you’re likely to wake up with sleep inertia(睡眠惰性)，which will leave you even groggier(头脑昏沉的)than before.36.Participants’perceptual performance became better after sleeping one hour between tests in an article inNature Neuroscience.37.Jerome Siegel found that only by sleeping soundly through the previous night could people tackle theirweariness during the day.38.Our talent is closely bound to working with concentration for long periods of time because technologymakes us accessible24/7.39.Taking a nap at work is normally regarded as laziness that should be held in contempt and avoided inworkplace.40.Between20to60minutes,people can get into non-REM sleep which may improve memory and learningability according to Dr.Mednick.41.People can doze off at lunch and coffee breaks and defended themselves by saying their improvedproductivity and alertness when bosses investigated their whereabouts.42.The author’s tips on taking a perfect nap involve sleeping place,environment and duration.43.The author believes business leaders are aware that availability at any time due to technology has negativeeffects on every aspect of people’s life.44.The optimal length of a nap was an hour and a half so that people could go through a complete sleep cycle.45.Josh Bersin mentioned the cause of companies’big productivity problems and the solution which needsmore that just employees’efforts.Section CDirections:There are2passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions46to50are based on the following passage.Every office worker hates meetings.But it’s a strange sort of hate,similar to the hatred of Londoners for the Northern Line,or New Yorkers for tourists who walk too slowly:the dislike is real,yet if the despised thing were to vanish,it’d be like surrendering a piece of your soul.When researchers probed into why people put up with the strain that meetings place on their time and sanity, they found something-those who resent and dread meetings the moat also defend them as a“necessary evil”, sometimes with great passion.True,research suggests that meetings take up vastly more of the average manager’s time than they used to.True,done badly,they’re associated with lower levels of innovation and employee wellbeing(幸福).But that’s just office life,right?It’s not supposed to be fun.That’s why they call it work.Underlying(引起)this attitude is an assumption that’s drummed into us not just as workers but as children, parents and romantic partners;that more communication is always a good thing.So suggestions abound for(大量存在)communicating better in meetings-for example,hold them standing up,so speakers will come to the point more quickly.But even when some companies consider abolishing meetings entirely,the principle that more communication is better isn’t questioned.If anything,it’s reinforced when such firms introduce“flat”management structures,with bosses always available to everyone,plus plenty of electronic distraction.In fact,constant connectivity is disastrous for both job satisfaction and the bottom line.And anyway,once you give it three seconds’thought,isn’t it cleat that more communication frequently isn’t a good thing?Often,the difference between a successful marriage and a second-rate one consists of leaving about three or four things a day unsaid.At work,it’s surely many more than four,though for a different reason;office communication comes at the cost of precisely the kind of focus that’s essential to good work.Yet we’re so accustomed to seeing talking as a source of solutions-for resolving conflicts or finding new ideas-that it’s hard to see when it is the problem.46.What does the author say about meetings?A)Londoners hate them as well as the Northern Line.B)They can help to keep workers’physical and spiritual health.C)Workers might be reluctant to give up them completely.D)New Yorkers dislike meetings more than Londoners.47.What did researchers find about people’s attitude towards meeting?A.Their attitude and behavior are paradoxical.B)People who hate meetings the most are senior insane.C)Those who like meetings might be considered insane.D)More meetings are regarded as a sign of less innovation.48.Why do people think that more communication is always a good thing?A)Because the concept is firmly believed by workers.B)Because everyone loves to communicate with others.C)Because the idea has been instilled into people’s mind.D)Because communication is vital for building relationships.49.What does the author think of the“flat”management structure?A)It forces bosses to frequently contact their employees.B)It helps to soften employees’bottom line of work.C)It is definitely a disaster to employees’job satisfaction.D)It strengthens people’s deeply-rooted notion of communication.50.What is the author’s argument about office communication?A)It is an effective way to solve office conflicts.B)It affects work efficiency in a negative way.C)It should come to a halt at intervals.D)It is useful for workers to find new ideas.Passage TwoQuestions51to55are based on the following passage.The Internet has enabled the spread of information at lightning speed.This information revolution has created tremendous business opportunities for online publishers,but not all of them maintain proper quality-control mechanisms to ensure that only good information is being shared.Instead,many publishers aim simply to make money by whatever means possible,with no regard for the implications for society at large.When selfish publishers set up shops online,the primary goal is to publish as much as possible,often at the cost of quality.In this respect,many publishers start numerous online journals focused on overlapping(重叠的)disciplines—to increase their total number of published papers—and hire young business managers who do not have any experience in either science or publishing.In some cases,online publishers even give up peer review, while still presenting themselves as scientific journals—deception designed to take advantage of scientists who simply want to share their research.If publishers structure their business to make more revenue,it often does harm to their products.When publishers start journals with overlapping domains,in combination with the pressure to publish more studies,this could promote the publication of marginal or even questionable articles.Moreover,publishers with multiple overlapping journals and journals with very narrow specialties(专业)increase the demands on the time and efforts of willing reviewers.With the fact that reviewers are generally not compensated for their time and effort,journal editors are often unable to find enough reviewers to keep up with the increased publication rate.To improve the situation and increase the trust in scientific community,the pressure to publish must be reduced.Funding and promotion decisions should not be based on the number of publications,but on the quality of those publications and a researcher’s long-term productivity and instructions.And that’s just the start.We need additional mechanisms,such as Beall’s list of predatory(掠夺的)publishers, to alert scientists to fake journals and fake articles.In addition,the price for online publication must be controlled and a mechanism must be put in place to honor and reward hard-working reviewers.51.What does the author think of online publishers?A)A small proportion of them can guarantee their publishing quality.B)They have lots of opportunities to renovate their business models.C)Many of them tend to try every means to make a buck.D)Social impact is their first priority when publishing books.52.It can be inferred from the second paragraph that______.A)peer review generally is a criterion to identify academic journalsB)researchers focus their research on the combination of disciplinesC)scientists care about their publications rather than researchD)young business managers are willing to face new challenges53.Why can’t publishers find enough reviewers to review papers?A)Reviewers are pressed for time when reviewing articles.B)Reviewers’gains can’t make up for what they have done.C)Publishers may compel reviewers to accept marginal articles.D)Publishers urge reviewers to increase publication rate rapidly.54.What is the author’s suggestion for online publication?A)More weight should be put on the quantity of publications.B)It is worthwhile to reward diligent reviewers for their effort.C)Fake journals should be reported to a regulatory organization.D)The price of online publication should be lowered greatly.55.What is the main idea of this passage?A)Online publishers should take measures to fight against fake scientific journals.B)Online publishers are pursuing their work efficiency at the cost of quality.C)Online publishers business models are quite likely to harm their publications.D)Online publishers are sacrificing the quality of research articles to make money.PartⅣTranslation(30minutes)Directions:For this part,you are allowed30minutes to translate a passage from Chinese intoEnglish.You should write your answer on Answer Sheet2.春节是中国的传统节日，相当于美国的圣诞节。
ModelTest1----参考答案-1
2009年12月大学英语四级考试答案详解Part ⅠWritingCreating a Green CampusRecently, with the idea of making and maintaining “a green earth”being the focus of the society, “green campus” has become a more and more popular concept in universities or colleges, which, undoubtedly, will bring us an ever-lasting benefit to both our campus and our society.The concept of “green campus” does not only mean a green environment but also refers to an environmental sense in people’s mind. Campus plays a crucial role in educating the young generation and the consciousness of “green campus” will definitely produce a profound effect on students’ various environmental protection activities after their graduation. What’s more, the young generation is under the burden of severe environmental pollution and there are many problems waiting for them to solve.To make “green campus” come true, firstly, it is necessary to work out effective principles for the development of sustainable and recyclable campus. Secondly, it calls for people’s awareness of the serious pollution around us and actual action to reduce the waste. Last but not least, it is necessary to strengthen the ties between campus and society, so as to ensure that “green campus” can work smoothly with the co-effort of the whole society.Part ⅡReading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)篇章结构核心词汇1. aid n. ①帮助，援助②助手v. 帮助，援助【用】financial aid经济援助;merit aid/ Merit-based奖学金;need-based aid助学金或经济资助;foreign aid外援，对外援助;hearing aid助听器;aids and appliances用具，设备【搭】in aid to用来帮助，起……作用;lead one’s aid (to)援助，给予帮助;in aid of作为援助……之【拓】aidance n. 协助，帮助;aidant a. 帮助的;aided a. 辅助的2. project v. ①设计②发射n. 事业，计划，工程【用】Project Hope希望工程;project manager项目经理;project plan项目规划;project budget 项目预算，工程预算【拓】projection n. 突出，发射;projecting a. 突出的3. selective a. 选择性的【用】selective analysis重点分析;selective breeding选择育种，选择性繁殖【拓】select v. 挑选，选拔a. 精选的;selection n. 选择，挑选，选集4. package n. 包裹;套装软件，程序包a. 一揽子的【用】package design包装设计;package agreement一揽子安排，一揽子方案;package holiday(旅行社安排一切的)一揽子旅游;package tour包办旅行(路线、地点、时间和费用等均作统一规定和安排的旅游);package program组装程序【拓】pack n.包装，背包v. 包装，压紧;packaged a. 袋装的;packager n. 打包机5. ranking a. 头等的;n. 等级，地位【用】ranking list排名;ranking method等级法，排序法【拓】rank n. 等级;队列;v. 排列，6. grant v. ①授予②承认;n. ①授予物②拨款【用】grant of a patent授予专利权【搭】take…for granted认为……是理所当然; Granted/Granting that即使……(也)【拓】grants n. 补助金，津贴(grant的复数)7. enrol v. 登记，入学，参军，注册【搭】enrol in选课，参加【拓】enrollment n. 登记，入伍;enrollee n. 入学者，入伍者8. eliminate v. 消除，排除【用】eliminate illiteracy扫盲;eliminate poverty消除贫困;eliminate noise 消除噪声【拓】eliminate 是指把已进入者从中排除;exclude v. 指把想进入者拒之门外9. qualify v. 使具有资格，证明……合格【用】qualifying examination资格考试，初试;qualifying competition预选赛，资格赛【搭】qualify as 取得……资格，作为……合适;qualify for有……的资格，合格【拓】qualified a. 有资格的，合格的10. excel v. 胜过，优于，擅长n. [计算机] 软件名称【搭】to excel in/at (在某方面)胜过(或超过)别人;to excel in music 擅长音乐【拓】excellent a. 极好的，卓越的;excellence n. 优秀11. submit v. 使服从，提交【用】submit oneself to discipline遵守纪律;submit registration提交登记表，提交注册【搭】submit to 服从;submit…to 将……呈交给【拓】submission n. 服从，投降试题详解1.【原题译文】随着越来越多的低收入学生追求高等教育，一些学院__。
英语专业四级考试全真模拟试卷一（1）答案（1）
【关键词语】 under the weather 【详细解答】如果理解under the weather是身体不适的意思，那么本题就容易做了。所有与weather有关的选项都不对，只有 B项正确。 7. 答案 B 【试题分析】本题是间接推理题。
Mary Smith
Secretary of the Board
PART Ⅲ LISTENING COMPREHENSION
1. 答案 A
【试题分析】本题是细节题。
【关键词语】 visited,is planning
【详细解答】本题的关键是Samuelo go to Chicago and Philadelphia.说明他还没 去，可先排除。后有Now he is on plane.说明他还在去New York的路上，这是选择只去了Dallas的关键所在。
2. 答案 D
【试题分析】本题是语义识别题。
【关键词语】 cause,collapse
【详细解答】如果听到cause这个词，问题可以迎刃而解。其实可以根据一般常识来作判断，A、B、C三项明显是干扰部分， 应不为所动。当然，如果不能理解collapse的意思，还是选不出正确答案。
3. 答案 A
【试题分析】本题是一般推理题。
SECTION B NOTE-WRITING
May 3
Dear Mr. Charles,
Could you please supply me with one photograph of yourself? I realize I do not have one for your file and it is important that we have a photograph of you on file. If it is not bothering, please send it to me as soon as possible. Thank you.
英语四级真题 Model Test One
英语四级真题 Model Test One○20应西1班○20应西2班○20应西3班○20应日1班○20应日2班○20应日3班○20应法1班○20应法2班请填写九位完整学号 [填空题] *1.（） [单选题] *A) Going shopping.B) Walking to school.(正确答案)C) Returning home.D) Playing alone.2.（） [单选题] *A) She pretended to be Amy's mother.(正确答案)B) She yelled at the passers-by for help.C) She called the police immediately.D) She dragged Amy down the street.3.（） [单选题] *A) Nearly one-fifth of them.(正确答案)B) Nearly two-thirds of them.C) Nearly half of them.D) Nearly all of them.4.（） [单选题] *A) Tourism.B) Pollution.C) Climate change.D) Logging and tree loss.(正确答案)5.（） [单选题] *A) Toughen rules on hateful comments.(正确答案)B) Compel all websites to filter racist content.C) Pass a new law on intellectual property.D) Weed out hate speech in public places.6.（） [单选题] *A) The author.B) The editor.C) The director.(正确答案)D) The shareholder.7.（） [单选题] *A) They live in space.B) They must obey the laws of France.(正确答案)C) They are responsible for racist.D) They should enjoy free speech.8.（） [单选题] *A) It's written by one of his professors.B) It's required reading for his class.(正确答案)C) It's recommended by his classmates.D) It's to be used for the next semester.9.（） [单选题] *A) He is a liberal arts student pursuing further study.B) He is a liberal arts student taking a science course.C) He is an undergraduate interested in science.D) He is an undergraduate taking a graduate course.(正确答案)10.（） [单选题] *A) Some information is misspelled.(正确答案)B) A new shipment is delayed.C) Some books are missing.D) They are all reserved.11.（） [单选题] *A) She will contact the publisher to order new books.B) She will check order information in the computer.C) She will search for the professor's classes in the database.(正确答案)D) She will ask other colleagues for some suggestions.12.（） [单选题] *A) Being amusing.(正确答案)B) Staying focused.C) Being prepared.D) Being enlightening.13.（） [单选题] *A) To use proper body language.B) To read your talk aloud.C) To speak without a script.(正确答案)D) To tell a few funny stories.14.（） [单选题] *A) Only if it is about dream.B) Only if it is true.C) Only if it is an extreme case.D) Only if it is fascinating.(正确答案)15.（） [单选题] *A) He is good at playing jokes on the audience.B) He tends to teach you something you don’t know.(正确答案)C) He likes to polish his speech with others experience.D) He attaches great importance to the audience's response.16.（） [单选题] *A) The temperature.B) The humidity.C) The air density.(正确答案)D) The air pressure.17.（） [单选题] *A) Reducing the plane's weight.(正确答案)B) Adding more fuel.C) Lengthening the runway.D) Installing cooling equipment.18.（） [单选题] *A) The force that pushes airplanes upward.B) The influence of temperature on aircraft industry.C) The risks that come with flying in hot temperatures.D) The reason why some planes cannot fly in hot weather.(正确答案)19.（） [单选题] *He is a scientist.(正确答案)He is a sleep expert.He is a nutritionist.D) He is a doctor.20.（） [单选题] *A) Burning the midnight oil before the exam.(正确答案)B) Cramming all of their studying into one day.C) Reviewing their lessons bit by bit.D) Reading their lecture notes only.21.（） [单选题] *A) It can enhance short-term memory.C) It will cause permanent drops in IQ.B) It is not that efficient as people think.(正确答案)D) It should be banned on campuses.22.（） [单选题] *Among a group of fossils.(正确答案)In an ocean.In a lake.Among a pile of rocks.23. （） [单选题] *A) They are the respiratory organs of the worm.B) They work together to move forward.C) They work together to capture food.(正确答案)D) They are the organs to identify the direction.24. （） [单选题] *A) They are larger than the ancient ones.B) They have more spines than the ancient ones.C) They have teeth rather than spines.(正确答案)D) They are like shrimps in shape.25. （） [单选题] *A) Helping scientists conduct further research on various sea worms.B) Helping scientists better understand the life from that ancient period.(正确答案)C) Helping scientists make a detailed drawing of the ancient worm.D) Helping scientists better study the sea worms of today.。
大学英语四级预测一答案解析
Key to Model Test One高分范文精彩点评Dear Tinny,①I’m very glad to receive your letter telling me that you are ready to start your job hut. As for the advice on how to make your resume distinctive,I will try to make some practical suggestions.②To begin with,③ just as the saying goes, “Honesty is the best policy.” So is it when coming to preparing for your resume, as no employer wants a liar working in his company. ④To continue, your resume should be concise, presenting personal information, together with a short summary of your professional experience. Don’t dress up your resume as if it were a book or part of a book, because no one wants to scan through pages of long-winded characters. ⑤ Last but not least, it is often worthwhile to prepare several different resumes stressing different aspects of yourself so as to make them particular for different jobs that you’re seeking.⑥I believe you will take my advice into account seriously and I hope you will find these suggestions useful. Wish you every success in your job search.Sincerely yours,Annie2 总结来信内容，概述问题，引出自己的建议。
（1）大学英语四级考试模拟试题
大学英语四级考试模拟试题Model Test OnePart Ⅰ Listening ComprehensionDirections: This section is designed to test your ability to understand spoken English. You will hear a selection of recorded materials and you must answer the questions that accompany them. Choose the correct answer---A, B, C or D, and then, mark your answer by writing the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Section A(C) 11. A) Look for the sky. B) Repair the car.C) Fix a shelf. D) Paint the shelf.(B) 12. A) Mrs. Smith. B) Mrs. Anderson.C) Dr. Ford. D) Mr. Smith’s sister.(D) 13. A) Husband and wife. B) Father and daughter.C) Teacher and student. D) Doctor and patient.(B) 14. A) Go walking with her friend. B) Rest and take care of herself.C) Stay at home and do her exercises. D) Catch up with her reading.(B) 15. A) At a restaurant. B) At a bank.C) At an airport. D) At a drug store.(A) 16. A) Hurry to the cinema. B) Look for the money.C) Make an appointment. D) Stay at home.(C) 17. A) At eight-thirty. B) At eight-fifty.C) At ten-thirty. D) At two o’clock.(A) 18. A) Read the paper. B) See a film.C) Have dinner in town. D) Stay at home.(B) 19. A) How to care for precious metals.B) A standard unit for measuring weight.C) The value of precious metals.D) Using the metric system.(A) 20. A) Check the accuracy of scales.B) Calculate the density of other metals.C) Observe changes in the atmosphere.D) Measure amounts of rainfall.(C) 21. A) Someone spilled water on it.B) Someone lost it.C) It was made of low quality metal.D) The standard for measuring had changed.(C) 22. A) It is a small amount to pay for so much precious metal.B) It is difficult to judge the value of such an object.C) It is reasonable for an object with such an important function.D) It is too high for such a light weight.(D) 23. A) The plot of the movie.B) The photography of the movie.C) The acting of the communications officer.D) The special effects of the movie.(B) 24. A) Absurd. B) Fantastic. C) Exciting. D) Boring.(B) 25. A) Comedy. B) Science fiction. C) Western. D) Tragedy. Section BPassage 1(A) 26. A) Chatting across the Internet.B) Mobile messaging.C) The advantages of the Internet.D) The disadvantages of text chat.(B) 27. A) They can share ideas with others in almost real time.B) They can meet people from around the globe.C) They can learn languages more easily.D) They can learn world cultures.(C) 28. A) Seldom use a nickname.B) Tell online friends the name of your school.C) Always be careful about meeting online acquaintances.D) Give out some of your personal information.Passage 2(A) 29. A) A class of science students. B) A group of teachers.C) English language students. D) His teacher.(B) 30. A) Empty the water out of the cans.B) Glue two pieces of paper around the cans.C) Make 2 cardboard lids.D) Wash your hands.(C) 31. A) The water in both cans will be the same.B) The water in both cans be cooler.C) The water in the black can will be warmer.D) The water in the white can will be warmer.(B) 32. A) That babies understand language before they can speak.B) That babies have simple mathematical skills.C) Babies’ preferences for different kinds of toys.D) The influence of television on babies.Passage 3(A) 33. A) Staring at the dolls longer.B) Crying loudly.C) Blinking their eyes rapidly.D) Reaching for the dolls.(A) 34. A) They’re born with the ability.B) They’re exceptionally intelligent.C) They learned it from playing with dolls.D) They’re learned it from their parents.(C) 35. A) Children should be taught mathematics early.B) Children heed to experience pressure from their parents.C) He is not sure about what should be done.D) The potential should be carefully protected.Section C(36) _________ and reading mail has quickly become one of the most (37) ________ daily activities around the world, either for (38) ________ or pleasure. Now, more and more teachers and students are using this form of (39) ________ to improve their language skills, particularly English.Several reasons why email has become a great tool is that it is fast, (40) ________, and affordable. One particular activity that takes (41) ________ of these points is a key pal exchange. In the past, teachers of ten (42) _______ pen friends project where their students would (43) _______ letters with another group of students in another country . However, the turn-around time (44) _________, and by that time, students might lose interest in the project or the class might end before a series of meaningful exchanges can take place. Furthermore (45) _______.With email, however, messages can be sent at a click of a button at school, home, or an Internet café, and if you are using a free email account, the cost is free (not taking into account any Internet Service Provider fees you have to pay). (46) ___________.答案:36. Sending37. common38. business39. communication40. convenient41. advantage42. organized43. exchange44. for sending and receiving traditional letters (and then follow-up replies) can take up to months for the whole process45. students have to pay international postage to send the letters, something the students might be unwilling to do46. Instead of waiting days or weeks for a response, students can receive a reply within days, hours, or even minutesPart ⅠWriting (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Love and learning. You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below:1.有些大学认为学生为了学习不应该谈恋爱;2.然而学生们却认为禁止大学生谈恋爱并非是件好事;3.正如硬币有两面一样, 恋爱有积极的一面, 也有消极的一面.Love and learningSome teachers hold that college students should not date, while most of the students may think that dating should not be banned on campus.Just as a coin has two sides, dating will have at the same time both positive and negative effects on college students. It depends on each individual student. Those who date in the college will inevitably be distracted from their studies. Upon graduation, it is very likely that the young lovers will have to part, so the result of campus date is quite uncertain, which may be painful for both. Furthermore, some campus lovers can’t help tasting the forbidden fruit. Such behavior will, in most cases, prove to be irresponsible. However, love will bring a sense of happiness. Love on campus will not necessarily involve material. It will make you happ y—so long as you have an appreciative and grateful mind.All in all, we should strike a balance between love and learning.Part ⅡReading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Right and Left-handedness in HumansWhy do humans, quite different from the other animal species, display a distinct left or right handedness? Not even our closest relatives among the apes (猿) possess such decided lateral (横向的) asymmetry (不对称), as psychologist call it. Yet about 90 per cent of every human population that has ever lived appears to have been right-handed. Professor Bryan Turner at Deakin University has studied the research literature on left-handedness and found that handedness goes with sidedness. So nine out of ten people are right-handed and eight are right-footed. He noted that this distinctive asymmetry in the human population is itself systematic. “Humans are able to think about things in categorize; black and white, up and down, left and right. It’s a system of signs that enables us to categorize phenomena that are essentially ambiguous.”The Relationship of Handedness to Gene and InheritanceResearch has shown that there is genetic or inherited (继续的) element to handedness. But while left-handedness tends to appear in families, neither left nor right handers will automatically produce children with the same handedness; in fact about 6 per cent of children with two right-handed parents will be left-handed. However, among two left-handed parents, perhaps 40 per cent of the children will also be left-haneded. With one right and one left-handed parent, 15 to 20 per cent of the children will be left-handed. Even among identical twins who have exactly the same genes, one in six pairs will differ in their handedness.Researchers Turned to the Brain for ReasonsWhat then makes people left-handed if it is not simply because of genetic cause? Other factors must be at work and researchers have turned to the brain for clues. In the 1860s the French surgeon and anthropologist (人类学家), Dr Paul Broca, made the remarkable finding that patients who had lost their powers of speech as a result of a stroke (a blood clot in the brain) had paralysis (瘫痪) of the right half of their body. He noted that since the left hemisphere (半球) of the brain controls the right half of the body, and vice versa (反之亦然), the brain damage must have been in the brain’s left hemisphere. Psychologists now believe that among right-handed people, probably 95 per cent have their language centre in the left hemisphere, while 5 per cent have right-sided language. Left-handers, however, do not show the reverse pattern but instead a majority also have their language centre in the left hemisphere. Some 30 per cent have right hemisphere language. The Evolution of Speech Went with Right-handed PreferenceDr. Brinkman, a brain researcher at the Australian National University in Canberra, has suggested that evolution of speech went with right-handed preference. According to Brinkman, as the brain evolved, one side became specialized for fine control of movement (necessary forproducing speech) and along with this evolution came right-hand preference. According to Brinkman, most left-handers have left hemisphere dominance but also some capacity in the right hemisphere. She has observed that if a left-handed person is brain-damaged in the left hemisphere, the recovery of speech is quite often better than a right-handed one is. And this is explained by the fact that left-handers have more capacity for speech function in the right hemisphere. In her studies of macaque monkeys (短尾猴) Brinkman has noticed that primates (monkeys) seem to learn a hand preference from their mother in the first year of life but this could be one hand or the other. In humans. However, the specialization in function of the two hemispheres results in differences in the structure of human brain; areas that are involved with the production of speech are usually larger on the left side than on the right. Since monkeys have not acquired the capacity for speech, one would not expect to see such a difference, but Brinkman claims to have discovered a trend in monkeys towards the asymmetry that is clearly observed in the human brain. Development of the Brain May Lead to HandednessTwo American researchers, Geschwind and Galaburda, studied the brains of human and discovered that the difference between left and right asymmetry exists before birth. But as the brain develops, a number of things can affect it. Every brain is initially female in its organization and it only becomes a male brain when the male fetus (胎儿) begins to produce hormones (荷尔蒙). Geschwind and Galaburda knew that different parts of the brain mature at different rates; the right hemisphere develops first, then the left. Moreover, a girl’s brain develops somewhat faster than that of a boy. So, if something happens to the brain’s development during pregnancy, it is more likely to be affected in a male and the hemisphere more likely to be involved is the left. The brain may become less different and this in turn could result in left-handedness and the development of certain superior skills that have origins in the left hemisphere such as logic, rationality and abstraction. It should be no surprise then that among mathematicians and architects, left-handers tend to be more common and there are more left-handed males than females. Prejudice against Left-handed PeopleThe results of this research may be some consolation (安慰) to left-handers who have for centuries lived in a world that is designed to suit right-handed people. However, what is alarming, according to Mr. Charles Moore, a writer and journalist, is the word “right” reinforces its own advantages.Subliminally (下意识地) he says, language tells people to think that anything on the right can be trusted while anything on the left is dangerous or even evil. We speak of left-handed advantages, and on the other hand according to Moore, “it is certain that left-hand, often develop a stammer (口吃) as they are robbed of their freedom of speech.” However, as more research is undertaken on the causes of left handedness, attitudes towards left-handed people are gradually changing for the better. Indeed when the champion tennis player Ivan Lend was asked what the only factor had improved his game, he said he would like to become a left-hander.(N)The passage mainly tells us that prejudice should not be put against the left-handed people.(NG)Left handed people usually have difficulties in emotional problems.(Y)Boys are more likely to be left-handed than girls.(Y)After a stroke, left-handed people recover their speech more quickly than right-handed people.(N)Difference in the size of the two hemispheres exists in a monkey’s brain.(N)The two sides of a human brain are the same before birth.(Y)Asymmetry is a unique feature of the human body.About _________ per cent of children with two right-handed parents will be left-handed. (6) With two left-handed parents, about ________ per cent of children will be right-handed. (60) The right half of the body is controlled by _______ of the brain. (the left hemisphere)Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes) Section AFor any Englishman, there can never be any discussion as to who is the world’s greatest poet and greatest 1(I) . Only one name can possibly 2(C) itself to him: that of William Shakespeare. Every Englishman has some knowledge, however slight, of the work of our greatest writer. All of us use words, phrases and 3(N) from Shakespeare’s writings that have become part of the 4(K) property of the English-speaking people. Most of the time we are probably 5(D) of the source of the words we use, rather like the old lady who was taken to see a performance of Hamlet and 6(A) that “it was full of well-known proverbs and quotations!” That is for sure a joke, however, the great influence that Shakespeare had on this particular language as well as the very people could easily be sensed.Shakespeare, perhaps more than any other writer, made 7(M) use of the great sources of the English language. Most of us use about five thousand words in our normal 8(F) of English; Shakespeare in his works used about twenty-five thousand! There is probably no better way for a foreigner (or an Englishman!) to 9(J) the richness and variety of the English language than by studying the 10(L) ways in which Shakespeare used it. Such a study is well worth the effort (it is not, of course, recommended to beginners), even through some aspects of English usage, and the meaning of many words, have changed since Shakespeare’s day.A)ComplainedB)acquiredC)suggestD)unawareE)nightmareF)employmentG)acceptanceH)effective I)dramatist J)appreciate K)commonL)variousM)fullN)quotations O)automaticallySection BPassage OneThe Golden Gate Bridge is one of the world’s greatest suspension bridges and acclaimed also as the world’s most beautiful bridge.The Golden Gate, which this bridge spans, is a broad, deep three-mile strait, connecting the Pacific Ocean and San Francisco Bay. The Golden Gate Bridge is 8,450 feet long from abutment to abutment, exclusive of approaches. Pained red-orange, it contrasts with the greens, browns and blues of its setting and surroundings. Its towers rise above the Golden Gate to the height of a 65-story building, and its roadway structure suspended from the great main cables which pass over the lofty towers, rides above the waters at a 19-story height. The largest ships can sail under this bridge.The Golden Gate Bridge is a result of will and action. In 1917, the city of San Francisco asked Jaseph B Strauss, the extraordinary bridge builder and designer to tackle the problem of bridging the Gate, a problem generation of San Franciscans had regarded as insoluble andimpossible. Construction of the Golden Gate Bridge was started on January 5, 1933. Through nearly five years of actual building, slowed and delayed often by elements no human could control, the work went on bit by bit until it was completed in 1937. On May 27 of the same year it was opened to pedestrian traffic as a gala event and to regular vehicular and pedestrian traffic on the following day.The Golden Gate Bridge has been admired by visitors from all over the world. They admire its living grace in its magnificent setting. They respond to its many moods, its warm and vibrant glow in the early sun its seeming play with, or disdain of, incoming fog; its retiring, shadowy form before the sunset; its lovely appearance in its lights at night. To residents of the San Francisco Bay area, the Golden Gate Bridge is looked upon as the “Statue of Liberty” of the Pacific.(D) After you read the introduction to the Golden Gate Bridge, you know “Golden Gate” refers to _____.A) a place near San Francisco B) a big door near San FranciscoC) a bridge D) a strait(C)The Golden Gate Bridge is ______.A)8,450 feet longB)More than 8,450 feet with approaches excludedC)More than 8,450 feet with approaches includedD)8,450 feet long with approaches included(C)The Golden Gate Bridge is painted red and orange to ______.A) go with the setting B) compare with the settingC) contrast with the setting D) conform to with setting(B)Which of the following statements is true?A)The Golden Gate Bridge is the world’s most beautiful bridge.B)The Golden Gate Bridge could have been finished much earlier.C)It was not until May 28, 1938 that bridge was opened to regular vehicular traffic.D)The “Statue of Liberty” is the Golden Gate Bridge for the visitors.(A)The word “vibrant” probably means ______.A) bright B) light C) soft D) darkPassage TwoMost earthquakes occur within the upper 15 miles of the earth’s surface. But earthquakes can and do occur at all depths to about 460 miles. Their number decreases as the depth increases. At about 460 miles one earthquake occurs only every few years. Near the surface earthquakes may run as high as 100 in a month, but the yearly average does not vary much. In comparison with the total number of earthquakes each the number of disastrous earthquakes is very small.The extent of the disaster in an earthquake depends on many factors. If you carefully build a toy house with an erect set, it will still stand no matter how much you shake the table. But if you build a toy house with a pack of cards, a slight shake of the table will make it fall. An earthquake in Agadir, Morocco, was not strong enough to be recorded on distant instruments, but it completely destroyed the city. Many stronger earthquakes have done comparatively little damage. If a building is well constructed and built on solid ground, it will resist an earthquake. Most deaths in earthquakes have been due to faulty building construction or poor building sites. A third and very serious factor is panic. When people rush out into narrow streets, more deaths will result.The United Nations gas played an important part in reducing the damage done byearthquakes. It has sent a team of experts to all countries known to be affected by earthquakes. Working with local geologists and engineers, the experts have studied the nature of the ground and the type of most practical building code for the local area. If followed, these suggestions will make disastrous earthquakes almost a thing of the past.There is one type of earthquake disaster that little can be done about. This is the disaster caused by seismic (地震的) sea waves, or tsunamis (海啸). (These are often called tidal waves, but the name is incorrect. They have nothing to do with tides.)In certain areas, earthquakes take place beneath the sea. These submarine earthquakes something give rise to seismic sea waves. The waves are not noticeable out at sea because of their long wave length. But when they roll into harbors, they pile up into walls of water 6 to 60 feet high. The Japanese call them “tsunamis”, meaning “harbor waves”, because they reach a sizable height only in harbors.Tsunamis travel fairly slowly, at speeds up to 500 miles an hour. An adequate warning system is in use to warn all shores likely to be reached by the waves. But this only enables people to leave the threatened shores for higher ground. There is no way to stop the oncoming wave. (C)Which of the following CANNOT be concluded from the passage?A)The number of earthquakes is closely related to depth.B)Roughly the number of earthquakes doesn’t vary much every year.C)Earthquakes are likely to occur within the upper 15 miles of the earth’s surface.D)Earthquakes are most likely to occur near the surface.(A)The example of the toy building shows that ______.A)well constructed building could resist an earthquakeB)the destruction depends on an earthquake’s strengthC)ineffective instruments cause the destructionD)we should construct our building like a toy building(A)The destruction of Agadir is an example of ______.A) faulty building construction B) an earthquake’s strengthC) widespread panic in earthquakes D) ineffective instructions(B)The United Nations’ experts are supposed to ______.A) construct strong buildings B) put forward proposalsC) detect disastrous earthquakes D) monitor earthquakes(C)The significance of the slow speed of tsunamis is that people may ______.A) notice them out at sea B) find ways to prevent themC) be warned early enough D) develop warning systemsPart ⅤCloze (15 minutes) Many students find the experience of attending university lectures to be a confusing and frustrating experience. The lecturer speaks for one or two hours, perhaps 1 the talk with slides, writing up important information on the blackboard, 2 reading material and giving out 3 . The new student sees the other students continuously writing on notebooks and 4 what to write. Very often the student leaves the lecture 5 notes which do not catch the main points and 6 become hard even for the 7 to understand.Most institutions provide courses which 8 new student to develop the skills they need to be 9 listeners and note-takers. 10 these are unavailable, there are many useful study-skills guides which 11 learners to practice these skills 12 . In all cases it isimportant to 13 the problem 14 actually starting your studies.It is important to 15 that most students have difficulty in acquiring the language skills 16 in college study. One way of 17 these difficulties is to attend the language and study skills classes which most institutions provide throughout the 18 year. Another basic 19 is to find a study partner 20 it is possible to identify difficulties, exchange ideas and provide support.(B) 1. A) extending(C) 2. A) attributing (A) 3. A) assignments (C) 4. A) suspects (B) 5. A) without (D) 6. A) what(D) 7. A) teachers (C) 8. A) prevent(A) 9. A) effective (D) 10. A) Because (A) 11. A) enable (A) 12. A) independently (C) 13. A) evaluate(A) 14. A) before(B) 15. A) predict (B) 16. A) to require (D) 17. A) preventing (D) 18. A) average(B) 19. A) statement(C) 20. A) in that B) illustratingB) contributingB) informationB) understandsB) withB) thoseB) classmatesB) requireB) passiveB) ThoughB) stimulateB) repeatedlyB) acquaintB) afterB) acknowledgeB) requiredB) withstandingB) ordinaryB) strategyB) for whichC) performingC) distributingC) contentC) wondersC) onC) asC) partnersC) assistC) relativeC) WhetherC) advocateC) logicallyC) tackleC) whileC) argueC) requiringC) sustainingC) normalC) situationC) with whomD) conductingD) explainingD) definitionD) convincesD) exceptD) whichD) studentsD) forbidD) expressiveD) IfD) preventD) generallyD) formulateD) forD) ignoreD)are requiredD)overcomingD) academicD) suggestionD) such asPart ⅥTranslation (5 minutes)We should care all the students, __________ (不管他们地家庭如何). (regardless of their family backgrounds)We have prepared a surprise gift to __________ (明天第一个到我们店里地人,不管是谁). (whoever comes first to our shop tomorrow morning)_________________(由于市场上的激烈竞争), the big department store in the commercial center had to close down. (Due to fierce competition in the market/Owing to fierce competition in the market)It is high time that sex discrimination ___________ (在我们的社会中结束). (were ended in our society/disappeared in our society)_______________(这家人一度几乎不抱希望), but the patient finally pulled through after the operation. (The family had almost lost hope)。
四级模拟试卷Model-Test1
Model Test 1Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Should Smoking Be Banned in Public Places? You should write at least 120words following the outline given below.1.近年来越来越多的公共场所禁烟2.这项举措在受到拥护的同时也引发了争议3.你的看法Should Smoking Be Banned in Public Places?—————————————————————————————————————Part II Reading Comprehensive (Skimming and Scanning)(15 minutes)Low-carbon Future: We Can Afford to Go GreenTackling climate change will cost consumers the earth. Those who campaign for a green revolution are out to destroy our western lifestyles. Such are the cries of opponents of emissions cuts, and their message has political impact: a number of surveys have found that the enthusiasm of voters for policies to reduce climate change falls off as the price tag increases.However, a new modeling(模型化) exercise suggests that these fears are largely unfounded. It projects that radical cuts to the UK’s emissions will cause barely noticeable increases in the price of food, drink and most other goods by 2050. Electricity and petrol costs will rise significantly, but with the right policies in place, say the modellers, this need not lead to big change in our lifestyle.“These results show that the global project to fight climate change is feasible,” says Alex Bowen, a climate policy expert at the London School of Economics. “It’s not such a big ask as people are making out.”Although it is impossible to precisely predict prices four decrease from now, the exercise is one of the most detailed examinations yet of the impact of climate change policies on UK consumers. It provides a useful rough guide to our economic future.Though its results speak directly to the UK consumers, previous research has come to similar conclusions for the US. In June, one study found that if the US were to cut emissions by 50 per cent by 2050, prices of most consumer goods would increase by less than 5 per cent. The findings are also consistent with analyses by the Pew Center on Global Climate change in Washington DC. “Even cutting emissions by 80 per cent over four decades has a very small effect on consumers in most areas,” says Manik Roy of the Pew Center. “The challenge is now to convince consumers and policy-Makers that this is the case.”The Intergovernmental panel on Climate Change recommends that wealthy nations cut their emissions to between 80 and 95 per cent below 1990 levels by 2050 in order to avoid theworst effects of climate change. The UK government aims to reduce its contribution by 80 per cent and leaders of the other G8 nations have discussed following suit. To meet this goal, industries will have to slash fossil fuel consumption, and low-carbon power sources will have to massively expand. Companies will have to pay increasingly higher prices for the right to emit greenhouse gases.How will this affect the average citizen's wallet? To measure the impact of the 80 per cent target on the UK population, New Scientist approached Cambridge Econometrics, a firm known for its modeling of the European economy. The firm used historic economic data to predict the impact of emissions reductions on prices in over 40 categories of goods and services. It compared the impact of the 80 per cent cut with a baseline scenario in which the government takes no action other than the limited emissions restrictions already in place as a result of the Kyoto protocol(京都协议书).Most of the price increases are a consequence of rising energy costs, in part because coal and gas are replaced by more expensive low-carbon sources. The price of electricity is projected to be 15 per cent higher in 2050 compared with the baseline. In today's prices, that would add around £5 onto typical monthly household electricity bills. It will also result in higher prices elsewhere, as every industrial sector uses electricity.But electricity and other forms of energy make up only a small part of the price of most goods. Other factors - raw materials, labour and taxes - are far more important. The energy that goes into producing food, alcoholic drinks and tobacco, for example, makes up just 2 per cent of the consumer price. For motor vehicle purchases and hotel stays, the figure is 1 per cent. Only for energy-intensive industries does the contribution climb above 3 per cent.As a result, most products cost just a few per cent more by 2050. At current prices, going low-carbon is forecast to add around 5 pence to the price of a slice of bread or a pint of beer. The price of household appliances such as washing machines rises by a few pounds.There is one major exception to the pattern. Airlines do not currently have a low-carbon alternative to jet fuel. Unless one is found, they will bear the full burden of carbon pricing, and average fares will rise by at least 140 per cent - raising the cost of a typical London to New York return trip from around £350 to £840.Achieving the overall picture of low prices does require government action. The model forecasts that by 2050 natural gas and petrol will cost 160 per cent and 32 per cent more respectively. To avoid large price rises in home heating and road transport while still hitting the 80 per cent target, the Cambridge researchers had to build two major policies into their analysis. They assumed that future governments will provide grants to help switch all domestic heating and cooking to electricity, and invest in the basic facilities needed for electric cars to almost completely replace petroleum-fuelled vehicles.Both policies have been discussed in recent UK government strategy documents, though the detail of how they would be implemented still needs further discussion. Firm policies must follow if ambitious emissions cuts are going to be made, says Chris Thoung of Cambridge Econometrics.So is tackling climate change going to be easier than expected, in terms of consumer costs? While the Cambridge Econometrics model is widely respected and regularly used by the UK government's climate change advisers, any attempt to forecast four decades ahead can be diverted by unforeseen events. That leads some economists to question the model's results.For example, companies could move to countries with less strict carbon regulations, points out Richard Tol of the Economic and Social Research Institute in Dublin, Ireland. Incomes in the UK would fall, making goods relatively more expensive. Tol also questions whether it is reasonable to use historical prices as a basis for projecting beyond 2020.Despite this, the Cambridge Econometrics results, together with other recent studies, do provide a useful guide for governments, says Michael Grubb of the University of Cambridge. They suggest that the overall challenge is conquerable, even if many of the details will only become clear in years to come.1.Why does the enthusiasm of the policy-makers to lesson climate decrease?A)Economic recession is widely spreadB)Western lifestyles are destroyedC)The cost of a green revolution risesD)The environment is improved2.According to the modellers, emission cuts won’t change the lifestyle, provided that_____A)the price of food and drink remain stableB)appropriate policies are carries outC)electricity and petrol costs don’t riseD)the public has a strong faith in it3.The students released in UK and US show that_________.A)Cutting emissions won’t affect the price of daily goods muchB)The two countries’ situations of the green revolution are differentC)The consumers strongly support cutting emissionD)The most challenging problem is how to stabilize the price4.Cambridge Econometrics predicted the impact of emissions reductions on prices from———A)Computer analysisB)Past economic dataC)Current categories of goodsD) A baseline situation5.What’s the major cause of the higher price according to the passage?A)Higher taxes on carbon emissionB)Changes of the lifestyleC)The rising living standardsD)Rising energy costs6.Why are the air fares predicted to rise dramatically?A)More and more people will take the planeB)No clean energy can replace the jet fuelC)Many airlines collapse due to carbon pricingD)The cost of an airline increases for finding new energy7.The two major policies built by the Cambridge researchers include______A) imposing higher taxes for petroleum-fuelled vehiclesB)Stabilization of the price of daily goods and serviceC)The electrification of residential heating and cooking systemD)The prohibition of driving petroleum-fuelled vehicles8.Some economists doubt the model’s results because the prediction may be diverted by ____9.Richard Tol points out that goods in UK may become more expensive as companies couldfind other locations with___________________.10.The Cambridge Econometrics results provide a useful guide for policy-makers, with asuggestion that the government can ________the challenge.Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes) Section A11.A) the physics class is very difficultB) the physics class is not given his termC) the physics class is easier than people thinkD) The physics class should be cancelled if possible12.A) he was satisfied with his military serviceB) it was the first time he had been abroadC)he had never been on a warshipD) he had been on the warship before13.A) put ice on her footB) see a doctor at onceC) give her foot a good restD) take the doctor’s advice14.A) they broke down and could go no furtherB) they haven’t achieved muchC) they have produced a general agreementD) they haven’t started yet15.A) the woman is out of shapeB) the woman doesn’t need a new racketC) the woman also needs new tennis shoesD) The woman spent too much on her tennis shoes16.A) he should make an apology to MaryB) he may talk to Mary directlyC) he should excuse Mary’s behaviorD) he shouldn’t always pull a long face17.A) she didn’t like the styleB) the coat didn’t fit herC)she couldn’t afford itD) the fabric felt uncomfortable18.A) she has been on the trip herself and enjoyed itB) she wouldn’t consider going on the tripC) she thinks the class is too advanced for the manD) she think there’s a good reason to go on the trip19.A) he is late for classes too oftenB) he has missed too many classesC) he has failed in the exam againD) he is a trouble-maker at school20.A) students are going to take the final exam todayB) it’s the last day Steve can drop the class with a full refundC) students have to hand in their reports todayD) it’s the final day Steve can apply for a loan21.A) drop the classB) make up the missed lessonsC) stop taking part-time jobD) transfer to another school22.A) the quality of goods and services has improvedB) most people are reducing their consumptionC) complain channels are too limitedD) many people don’t bother to complain23.A) electrical appliancesB) travel agenciesC) photographic and sound equipmentD) clothing24.A) they account for the largest proportionB) 90 per cent of them are reasonableC) most of them are for delayed air ticketsD) few of them are for poor accommodation25.A) two weeksB) less than two weeksC) two to three weeksD) more than three weeksSection BPassage One26.A) it is an international organizationB) it only exists in poor countriesC) people always think highly of itD) anyone can join the group easily27.A) to try to stop the war in ItalyB) to help the wounded in the battleC) to form an international treatyD) to aid the injured in the earthquake28.A) protecting the prisoners of warB) teaching first aid to the publicC)raising money for public fundD) publicizing the idea of charityPassage Two29.A) they are offered for those with an interest in the coursesB) employers and employees in a company are both welcomeC) people who will retire in a few years are the target studentsD) students from a normal university can attend the courses30.A) specialist speakersB) retired peopleC) employersD) senior citizens31.A) they can attend any courses for freeB) they arrange discussion group for peopleC) they learn how to communicate with othersD) they want to be carpenters or craftsmen32.A) it charges at a reduced rateB) it is available every dayC) it is open to all peopleD) it is provided only in the eveningPassage Three33.A) they have to learn basics of EnglishB) they know clearly what they want to learnC) it is good for them to learn general English skillsD) they want to have an up-to-date knowledge of English34.A) the knowledge of teachersB) the behaviors of studentsC) the principles of schoolsD) The introduction of books35.A) English for doctorB) English for lawyersC) English for reportersD) English for businessmanSection CShyness is the cause of much unhappiness for a great many people. Shy people are anxious and self-conscious; that is, they are (36) ______ concerned with their own appearance and actions. Worrisome thoughts are constantly (37) _________ in their minds: what kind of (38) ________ am I making? Do they like me? Do I sound stupid? Am I wearing unattractive clothes?It is (39) ______ that such uncomfortable feelings must negatively affect people. A person's conception of himself or herself is (40)_______ in the way he or she behaves, and the way a person behaves affects other people's (41)________. In general, the way people think about themselves has a profound effect on all areas of their lives. Shy people, having low self-esteem, are likely to be passive and easily (42)_______ by others. Shy people are very (43)_______ to criticism; it makes them feel of inferior. (44) ________________ _____________________________________________. A shy people may respond to apraise a statement like this one, "You're just saying that to make me feel good. I know it's not true."It is clear that while self-awareness is a healthy quality, overdoing it is harmful.Can shyness be completely eliminated, or at least reduced? Fortunately, people can overcome shyness with determined and patient efforts in building self-confidence.(45)_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________. For example, most people would like to be “A” students in every subject. (46)__________________ _____________________________________________________________. People’s expectations of themselves must be realistic.Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in depth) (25minutes)Section AThink before you post. You might not be aware of how much information you’re 47 .That’s the message from the founders of Please Rob Me, a website launched last week that 48 just how easy it is to rob people blind on the basis of the information they’re posting on the web. The site uses streams of data from Foursquare, a（n）49 popular location-based social network that is based on a game-like premise （前提）. Players use smart phones or laptops to "check in" to a location, 50 their position on a map for friends using the service to see. The more often you check in, the better your chances of being declared the mayor of a 51 location, be it a restaurant, bar, office or even your own home.T he problem comes when users also post these locations to Twitter, says Boy van Amstel, one of the founders of Please Rob Me. Then the information becomes 52 available, making it possible for a robber to keep a close watch on when you say you’re in your home or not.So how can you keep yourself off Please Rob Me and, more important, keep your home out of the police notebook A little foresight goes a long way. Sites like Foursquare and its competitors don’t post your location unless you give it to them, nor is it posted to Twitter without your 53 . It’s always up to the user to 54 what to post. Are you going to get robbed because you’re oversharing It’s 55 . But Please Rob Me shows that sometimes a little 56 online can go a long way.A）illustrates B）likely C）publicly D）particular E）decideF）excessively G）realize H）caution I）typical J）increasinglyK）revealing L）unlikely M）means N）consent O）recordingSection BPassage OnePregnancy mothers are getting a new tool to help keep themselves and their babies healthy: pregnancy tips sent directly to their cell phones.The so-called text4baby campaign is the first free, health education program in the U.S. to harness the reach of mobile phones, according to its sponsors. Organizers say texting is an effective means of delivering wellness tips because 90 percent of people in the U.S. have cell phones."Especially if you start talking about low-income people, cell phones are the indispensable tool for reaching them and engaging them about their health," said Paul Meyer, president ofVoxiva, a company which operates health texting programs in Africa, Latin America and India.Studies in those countries have shown that periodic texts can reduce smoking and other unhealthy behaviors in pregnant mothers.Meyer said the U.S. program, run by Voxiva, will be the largest health-related texting program ever undertaken.Under the new service, mothers-to-be who text "BABY" to a specified number will receive weekly text messages, timed to their due date or their baby’s birth date. The messages, which have been scanned by government and nonprofit health experts, deal with nutrition, immunization and birth defect prevention, among other topics. The messages will continue through the baby’s first birthday.Baby is expected to be announced Thursday morning by officials from the White House’s Office of Science and Technology Policy. Government officials will be publicizing the campaign in speeches and promotional materials.Organizers hope the effort can curb premature （早产的）births, which can be caused by poor nutrition, excessive stress, smoking and drinking alcohol. About 500,000 babies are born prematurely in the U.S. each year. The nonprofit is among the sponsors of the campaign."The real scary thing is that we’re an industrialized nation and we’re not doing very well on infant death rate, and we know prematurity is a big part of that," said the group’s director, Judy Meehan.Currently the U.S. ranks 30th worldwide for infant death rate, according to Meehan, behind most Western European nations.Researchers at the George Washington University have agreed to evaluate the effectiveness of baby by measuring health trends for mothers and newborns.57. The word “harness” in Paragraph 2 can be replaced by “_______”A) take advantage ofB) be independent ofC) produce an effect onD) expand the range of58. What do we know about Africa, Latin America and India?A) They are among the profitable marketsB) Women seldom care about their healthC) People there are relatively poorD) Cell phones are popular there59. The baby program is aimed at helping pregnancy women_________.A)in the U.S.B)in poor countriesC) all over the worldD)in Western European nations60. What is the purpose of the baby program?A) To warn women against bad habitsB) To let people care about prematurityC) To improve babies’ nutritionD) To reduce infant death rate61. Compared with the U.S., most Western European nations________.A) have higher infant death ratesB) do better on infant death ratesC) do more studies on babyD) pay less attention to babyPassage TwoAs a group of young African immigrants struggles to adapt to life in the United States, an after-school drama program at White Oak Middle School aims to make their lives easier by first making them a little harder.Project X is a program that uses drama, dance, poetry and other creative outlets to help students discuss the tough and sometimes painful problems they face as pre-teen immigrants with significant language barriers. A final unveiling of their creation will be performed for friends and family at the end of the year at Imagination Stage.Wanjiru Kamau, coordinator of White Oak’s African Club said it’s important to give troubles to group members to help them find their place at the school. "It comforts those who are uncomfortable, and it discomforts those who are comfortable," Kaman said of Project X.Kamau teamed up with Imagination Stage after she noticed that many African students seemed uncomfortable talking about problems, such as being laughed at by their fellow students about how they look and talk. When most of the kids join the club, they speak little or no English, Kamau said. Each week, the club typically draws five to 10 students who are originally from Africa for discussion sessions and the Project X program."We’re going to express ourselves through our words and our actions, and that’s powerful," said teaching artist Meg Green as she introduced fill-in-the-blank poems the students wrote about their identities.One student, Franck Ketchouang, 13, wrote, "I am from the world; I am love," which drew oohs and aahs from the group. Ketchouang has been in the United States less than a year, said Program Coordinator Chad Dike. When Ketchouang started attending Project X, he had been in the United States for two months and spoke no English. Now he’s one of the group’s most outgoing members and helps translate instructions from English to Creole for the group’s newest member, who is from Haiti.Many people will give up when there’s a language barrier, "but these students prove them wrong," Kamau said. "You do have something to give. You are important. When TV, media, etc. are bringing them down, this program is bringing them up."62. Project X is intended for helping the young African immigrants to_________.A) get over language barriersB) overcome tough problemsC) enrich after-school lifeD) become more creative63. How well the members learn in the Project X program is demonstrated by _____.A) their annual creative performancesB) their annual scores gained at schoolC) the comments of friends and familyD) the comments of the program teachers64. What do we know about the imagination Stage?A) It’s established by Kamau for Project XB) It’s operated once at the end of each year.C) It’s projected designed by White Oak Middle School.D) It’s a cooperative partner of White Oak’s Africa Club.65. According to the author, what Franck Ketchouang wrote was_________.A) silly B) simple C) remarkable D) disputable66. The passage is written mainly to ________.A) call for more attention to immigrantsB) inspire immigrants to never give upC) advocate White Oak’s African ClubD) introduce the project X programPart V ClozeIt can be tempting to make a hasty decision when a killer opportunity comes along or the thought of spending another day on the job seems painful. 67 , Career coach Piotrowski recommends taking baby 68 to execute a new career strategy."Plan a timeline of one to two years to 69 your career change. Gather information for four to six months, and then get moving on activities that will 70 into your new specialty over the next few months. Remember, you can make the 71 over time. You don’t need to do it all at72 .""Spend time looking 73 industry categories and a variety of jobs to get ideas about new career areas that may 74 to you. This can open your eyes to a multitude of 75 you hadn’t considered before."Informational interviews--the best-kept career-change secret, according to Piotrowski--will also help career changers come to a（n）76 . The key is to seek people already lost in a 77 career and pick their brain with questions such as, " 78 training do I need to do well in this job, what kind of money will I 79 , and what’s a day on the job really like"Finally, people should try a few career experiments to 80 their abilities and build experience to help them move into a new career more 81 ."A career experiment can be one of thousands of activities that 82 you to learn more about a new type of work 83 you commit to choosing it." Career experiments 84 shadowing a specialist, volunteering, 85 field trips, and designing projects to 86 your knowledge and skills.67. A) Furthermore B) Nevertheless C) Accordingly D) Therefore68. A) progress B) steps C) pace D) touch69. A) comment B) supplement C) implement D) document70. A) bridge B) ensure C) follow D) show71. A) swing B) shiver C) switch D) shield72. A) once B) all C) each D) both73. A) under B) with C) into D) through74. A) appeal B) access C) approach D) appearModel Test One75. A) excuses B) intentions C) visions D) options76. A) end B) close C) conclusion D) solution77. A) popular B) peculiar C) particular D) precise78. A) Where B) What C) When D) How79. A) make B) spend C) consume D) cost80. A) check B) exercise C) test D) practice81. A) easily B) likely C) usefully D) probably82. A) force B) agree C) persuade D) allow83. A) until B) since C) after D) before84. A) consist B) include C) engage D) imply85. A) taking B) laboring C) suffering D) carrying86. A) enforce B) enlighten C) enhance D) entitlePart Ⅵ Translation87. ______（和男士的饮食相比）, women’s diet generally needs to include more calcium and iron.88. Please be careful when you are drinking coffee ______（以免弄脏了新地毯）.89. The membership of the House is distributed among the states ______（根据这些州不同的人口）.90. We must treat all our people with fairness and dignity, ______（不论其种族、宗教或性别）.91. Had I ______（听了你的建议的话）, all this misery might have been avoided.11。
大学英语四级听力模拟题（ModelTest1-4）
大学英语四级听力模拟题Model Test OneListening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section A11.A) Go over the list.B) Go shopping for his mum.C) List everything his mum needs.D) Go for an outing.12.A) The man did most of the talking.B) The woman was wearing a black sweater.C) The man and the woman robbed the bank.D) The man and the woman had dark hair.13.A) His phone was disconnected.B)He needs to make phone calls.C)Using the email will decrease his telephone expenses.D)His friends would rather hear his sound on the phone.14. A) He doesn't have anything to do.B)He believes she is wrong about the pick-up time.C)Before lunch is a great time to pick up the document.D)Time passes very quickly.15. A) Buy Frank a new car.B) Have lunch with Frank.C) Teach Frank how to drive a car.D) Help Frank repair his car.16. A) The room they are going to move into.B)The yard of their old house.C)The quality of the furniture they bought.D)The feeling they have of their neighborhood.17.A) It's too expensive to hire taxies.B) He doesn't like the suburbs.C) He can't afford the high taxes.D) The rent is too high.18.A) She thinks her son has almost everything he wants.B)She is not sure whether an MP3 player is a nice gift.C)She finds it hard to find a proper gift for her husband.D)She's afraid she can't afford everything the man's father wants.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) Because he wants to improve his language skills.B)Because he wants to enter a US college.C)Because his friend wants to attend a US university.D)Because his friend wants to improve English for a better job.20.A) Literature.B) US Culture.C) TOEFL.D) Business English.21.A) It offers courses for people who want to improve their special professional skills.B)It offers job opportunities for people who have studied in it.C)Its programs allow students to study in the US.D)The students can take its courses locally in their home country.22. A) $2,030.B) $2,013.C) $2,300.D) $2,330. Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23.A) To make an appointment.B) To ask for an interview. C)To promote advertisements.D) To have a negotiation.24.A) Impatient but then reluctant.B) Indifferent but then interested. C)Reluctant but then convinced.D) Impatient but then accepted.25.A) Some customers have got their payment back because they're not satisfied with the products.B)The company will redo the products again and again until the customers are satisfied.C)The company does not sign a contract with its customers concerning its service.D)The man will use the company's service when he has a new product.Section BPassage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you havejust heard.26. A) In green forests.B)In dry deserts.C) In the Pacific Ocean.D)In the North Pole region.27. A) Because snakes like to stay in the sun.B)Because snakes like warmth.C) Because snakes are used to extra-hot weather.D)Because snakes are good swimmers.28. A) They are very intelligent.B)They are fairly intelligent.C) They are more intelligent.D)They are less intelligent.Passage OneQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you havejust heard.29. A) He was shopping. B) He was watching a film.C) He was making a phone call. D) He was talking to a policeman.30. A) Her attractive clothing. B) Her beautiful figure.C) Her unusual height. D) Her fashionable handbag.31. A) He was arrested by the police. B) He was acting in a film.C) He had taken the woman's bag by mistake. D) He was only making a joke.Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.32.A) 6 million dollars.B) 25 million dollars.C) 6 thousand dollars.D) 400 million dollars.33.A) An engine room.B) A big kitchen.C) A great theatre.D) A high building.34.A) The plane is safe even if two of its engines fail.B)There are three engines on each of the giant jet plane.C)There is an extra engine on each of the giant jet plane.D)The engines never fail on the giant jet plane.35. A) Two mechanical pilots will do the job.B)The giant jet will crash.C)The giant jet will be forced to land.D)The engines of the giant jet will stop working.Section CSome years ago, an American policeman found a woman lying near a lonely road. She did not appear to have had an (36) _________ . But she was trembling and clearly in a state of shock. So he (37) __________ her to the nearest hospital. She began to tell the doctor on duty the story which was astonishing and (38) _________ . She had been driving along a country road when she had been stopped by a flying saucer landing in front of her. She had been forced to leave the car and enter the flying saucer by (39) _________ which looked like human beings and which could easily make themselves (40) __________ although they could not speak. It was as though they could read her thoughts and she could read theirs. They (41) __________ her politely and allowed her to leave after carrying out a number of tests on her. As she otherwise seems to be (42) __________ , the doctor decided that she was probably (43) ___________ from the side effects of some drug. The woman insisted on being allowed to go home. (44) _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ .The police then started to make inquiries and soon discovered that there was already a search going on for the woman, whose husband had reported that she had disappeared. (45) _____________________ __________________________________________________________________ . In front of the car, the surface of the road had been completely destroyed not by an explosion or anything of that kind, (46) ________________________________________________________________________________ .Model Test TwoListening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section A11.A) The pear.B) The weather.C) The dessert.D) The cold.12.A) She has never talked in public.B)She must be good at giving speeches.C)She enjoys serious moments.D)She probably is poor at giving speeches.13. A) Bill's brother.B) Bill's wife.C) Bill's father.D) Bill's father-in-law.14.A) She can use his gun.B) She can borrow someone else's gun.C) She should have a gun of herself.D) She can't borrow his gun.15.A) To the bank.B) To a book store. C) To a restaurant.D) To the grocer's.16.A) She thanked the man for buying her the skirt.B)Her boyfriend presented it to her as a gift.C)She bought the skirt on her birthday.D)It was a wedding gift from her friends.17. A)The couple were involved in an accident. B) The man had the car repaired.C) Their car has to be replaced.D) Their car was stolen and the man found it.18. A) Their outgoing personality.B) Their work environment.C) Their usual food and drink.D) Their healthy lifestyle.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) A detective story.B) A class assignment.C) A birthday present.D) A jewelry store robbery.20. A) The professor did not like her story.B)She had trouble finishing her assignment.C)She did not like the topic she had chosen for her paper.D)She was taking too many courses.21.A) Take some extra time.B) Put down whatever ideas she has first.C) Do some work for another course.D) Write the story ending first.22.A) To go shopping.B) To do research for her story.C) To meet her professor.D) To take a break from her work.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. A) He does not have his library card with him.B)He does not want to return the book right now.C)He does not like the system of putting books on hold.D)He does not want to pay the fine.24. A) Only if he pays three times of the original fine.B)Only if he shares the book with others.C)Only if other students waiting for the book finish using it.D) Only if he replaces his library card.25. A) He will pay the $1.40 fine today.B)He will return the book after the exam.C)He will pay the fine after the exam.D)He will find out who borrows the book.Section BPassage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. A) Requesting one's business card directly.B)Accepting one's card but not continuing contact with him.C)Putting one's business card in the card file.D)Refusing a request for your business card directly.27. A) Say "Thank you." and put it away.B)Say "Thank you." and examine it briefly.C)Say "Thank you." and put it in your card file.D)Say "Thank you." and pass it to your secretary.28. A) To recall someone's name and title.B) To arrange the next meeting.C) To record the meeting one is attending.D) To promote understanding between businessmen.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.29. A) How to face misfortune.B) How to face success.C) How to keep a positive attitude.D) How to make your self-talk positive.30. A) We can imagine that we are a sport professional.B)We can imagine our cause.C)We can imagine a beautiful picture.D)We can imagine the outcome that we want.31. A) We should try to talk with ourselves.B)We should think about people that can help us.C)We should try to draw on a positive imagination.D)We should write down several positive sentences.Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.32.A) The former CEO.B) The CEO's rivals.C) The CEO himself.D) The employees.33.A) Sales dropped.B) There were serious product problems.C) Things went along very well.D) The new CEO had to be fired.34.A) Hold a press conference.B) Blame the former CEO.C) Ask for more employees.D) Reorganize.35. A) More envelopes should be prepared.B)He should write more letters.C)He should show more respect for his employees.D)He should consider resigning.Section CA couple of months ago, I went to a department store to buy a few things for the house. I needed a set of curtains for the living room, two table lamps, a rug and several (36) ____________ . I asked them to deliver the things as soon as possible, but they said that they were (37) ____________ to send them out until 20 days later. After about 3 weeks, I (38) ___________ only the curtains and lamps. I was a little disappointed when I didn't receive all the (39) ___________ I had bought. But nevertheless, I was eager to see what the curtains and lamps looked like. I first opened the (40) __________ with the curtains. I had bought a lovely (41) ___________ blue, and instead they had sent me a horrible dark purple. Well, you can just (42) ___________ how angry I was. Then I opened the boxes with the lamps. They were exactly what I'd (43) ___________ . But one of the lamp shapes was damaged. (44) _______________________________________________________________________________ .They promised to come and (45) _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ . It has been two weeks since my complaint. (46) ____________________________________________________________________ .Model Test ThreePart III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section A11.A) He will change his attitude to her.B) He won't revenge himself on her.C) He has done her wrong by accident.D) He hasn't been hard on the woman.12.A) It culturally links the United States and China.B)It's one of the most translated short novels.C)It's a best-selling romance in America.D)Its author became popular for his language talent.13. A) The man could tell fake money from the real just by looking at them.B)The man was overcharging the woman for repairing her machine.C)The woman made big money so she didn't care how much the bill was.D)The woman didn't realize the money she gave the man was not real.14. A) In Chicago.B) In Boston.C) In Washington.D) In Manchester.15.A) A guest and a receptionist.B) A passenger and an air hostess.C) A customer and a shop assistant.D) A lodger and a landlady.16.A) He doesn't want Jenny to get into trouble.B)He doesn't agree with the woman's remark.C)He thinks Jenny's workload too heavy at college.D)He believes most college students are running wild.17. A) The actors were enthusiastic.B) It was just terrible.C) It was applaudable.D) The plot was funny enough.18. A) He has been back in Canada for weeks.B)He is studying French in Canada.C)He is having a vacation in Canada.D)He is planning to return to Canada in a year.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) To return some business books.B)To apply for a new library card.C)To check out some books from the library.D)To find out where the art books are located.20. A) The woman thinks he has an overdue book.B)The books he needs have been checked out by someone else.C)The woman is unable to locate the books that he needs.D)A library notice was sent to him at his previous address.21. A) The man has mistakenly received someone else's books.B)The man changed his major from art to business.C)The man recently moved off campus.D)There are two students named Richard Smith.22. A) See if he is related to any of the students.B) Apply for a job as a library assistant.C) Use his middle name.D) Use a different library. Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23.A) Soccer.B) American Football.C) Rugby.D) Basketball.24.A) The players use a round ball in the game.B)The players use an elliptic ball in the game.C)The players cannot pass the ball with their hands.D)The players must play the game peacefully.25. A) Both prefer soccer to American football.B)Both prefer American football to soccer.C)Belinda prefers soccer to American football.D)Martin prefers soccer to American football.Section BPassage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. A) The city is too crowded.B)It is a very attractive place.C)The streets are too narrow.D)The students there lead a comfortable life.27.A) Watching traditional plays.B) Visiting the magnificent libraries.C) Boating on the river.D) Cycling in narrow streets.28.A) There are many visitors there.B) There are many students there.C) There are many old streets there.D) There are many bicycles there.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.29.A) He is a sportsman.B) He is a photographer.C) He is an actor.D) He is a publisher.30.A) He was good at writing about interesting people.B)It was much easier to write stories about people.C)He believed that people are always eager to learn about other people.D)He thought people played an important role in world events.31. A) Business people. B) Journalists.C) Sport fans.D) Celebrities. Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.32.A) In the first semester.B) In the second semester.C) In the third semester.D) In the fourth semester.33.A) She is ill.B) She is too old.C) Her husband wants her to.D) Her husband is ill.34.A) His girlfriend.B) His mother.C) His cousin.D) His teacher.35.A) He has decided to continue his studies.B) He has still to take a part time job.C) He has decided to give up his job.D) He has still to make a decision.Section CDepartment stores are large retail stores selling many different kinds of merchandise arranged in separate departments. Such stores are found in nearly every important city in the world, and the large department stores often (36) _________ more than 100 separate departments. The two major (37)___________ of merchandise sold in department stores generally are clothes and home (38) ________ .The organization of a modern department store is often (39) __________ because of the large number of goods and services provided. Typically, the operation of a store is conducted through five (40) _______ divisions. There is the merchandising division, which is (41) ___________ for the buying and pricing of merchandise. Then there is the sales (42) ___________ division, which controls advertising, display, public relations, and other related matters. Of course, there is the (43) ___________ division, which supervises employment and the training and welfare of employees. Next, (44) ________________ ___________________________________________________ .Finally, there is the finance and control division, which deals with accounting, customer credit, expense control, and other financial and budgetary matters. Within these five divisions are many subdivisions. (45) __________________________________________________________________ . Nowadays, another kind of store that provides such service is a mall or a plaza. A mall is a group of stores built as a unit with on-site parking. (46) ______________________________________________ __________________________________________ . Large malls may also contain such places as hotels, restaurants, libraries, banks, post offices, medical clinics, theaters, and parks.Model Test FourPart III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section A11. A) Quit their jobs at the same time.B)Take an adventurous trip with their savings.C)Enrich their poor knowledge in business.D)Establish a firm in collaboration.12. A) It was withdrawn from the shelf as a back issue.B)It is not available unless it has been reserved.C)It hasn't been returned by the borrower.D)It won't come out until June 26.13. A) Its rapid growth is beneficial to the world.B)It can be seen as a model by the rest of the world.C)Its success can't be explained by elementary economics.D)It will continue to surge forward.14. A)It takes only 5 minutes to reach the campus from the apartments.B)Most students can't afford to live in the new apartments.C)The new apartments are not available until next month.D)The new apartments can accommodate 500 students.15. A) They stay closed until summer comes.B)They cater chiefly to tourists.C)They are busy all the year round.D)They provide quality service to their customers.16.A) Her mild temper.B) Her broad knowledge.C) Her teaching style.D) Her detailed answers.17.A) Enter the stock market instead of investing in clothing.B)Move to another residence from Wall Street.C)Transfer his investment to the Chinese stock market.(D)Share his money-making experience with other marketers.18. A) Sign his name for the fan.B) Fill in an application form.C) Exchange gifts with his friends.D) Get a purchase refunded.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) Walk the dog.B) Clean the house.C) Go to the dentist's.D) Finish her assignment.20.A) 12:30 pm.B) 2:00 pm.C) 4:30 pm.D) 5:30 pm.21.A) Exciting.B) Rewarding.C) Disappointing.D) Exhausting.22.A) They can't decide on a video.B)Susan's mother is going to use the video machine.C)Susan will be asked to do something else.D)The machine isn't working.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23.A) Since Friday.B) Since Saturday. C) SinceSunday.D) Since Monday.24.A) He has a cold.B) He has the flu.C) He has a stomachache.D) He has a toothache.25. A) Take herbal medicine.B) See another doctor.C) Drink chicken soup.D) Stay in bed.Section BPassage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26.A) Diet.B) Sleep.C) Space.D) Stress.27.A) They tend to reproduce more.B) They may show more signs of violence.C) They can eat and sleep better.D) They may commit suicide.28.A) Rats can populate rapidly.B)Population explosion can lead to violence.C)Overcrowdedness may have the same effects on man.D)It is a natural law that animals live and die.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.29. A) Crimes committed by young people.B)Crimes committed by needy people.C)Influence on young people.D)Stealing and violence.30. A) They are usually poor and in need.B)They do not have as much freedom or money as they want.C)They live in an environment where everybody knows each other.D)They are not satisfied with the adult world.31. A) The family and the school.B) The adults and the mass media.C) The society and the young people.D) The young people themselves.Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.32. A) About seven million.B)Nearly half of the American population.C)25% of American people.D)About 25 million.33. A) Because they are older than young people.B)Because the young people will soon be in charge of the nation.C)Because the students today have strong opinions.D)Because the youth's ideas are sometimes wrong.34. A) The lives of their parents.B) Making a better life for all people.C) The trouble in American families.D) The strong opinions.35. A)They feel much is wrong with the lives of their parents.B)They see clearly what is right and good in the lives of their parents.C)They feel that everything about the lives of their parents is acceptable.D)They feel nothing is right and good in the lives of their parents.Section CBoy, tourism really is a big business these days. It's (36) ____________ . It involves hotels, transportation, restaurants, shops, and thousands of people. The tour companies keep telling us what a good thing it is …about how much we can learn about people and (37) __________ , but sometimes I wonder if this is really true.A (38) _________ that I know went abroad last summer. They traveled with a tour group. It’s interesting to (39) ___________ their experiences with some of the experiences of other people in the same tour group. My friends, (40) ____________ , had some acquaintances, or friends, actually, along the (41) __________ of their tour. In some of the cities they were going to, they knew some local people. When they got to (42) ____________ places, they could go out with some of the local people and they could eat some of the local food and maybe see some of the local (43) __________ .Other members of the tour group, however, never got away from the group at all. They never went out and did a thing on their own. (44) ____________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ .I understand why people wouldn't go out on their own (45)________________________________ ____________________________________ . But it seems to me that (46) ______________________ _________________________________________ . If tour companies emphasized that, everyone really would learn about other people and other customs.。
四级考试模拟试题一
四级考试模拟试题一一、听力理解（共20分）（一）短对话理解（每题1分，共5分）1. A) At the bookstore. B) At the library. C) At the cinema. D) At the post office.2. A) He's going to the beach. B) He's going to the concert. C) He's going to the museum. D) He's going to the party.3. A) She forgot her appointment. B) She missed her bus.C) She lost her keys. D) She broke her glasses.4. A) He needs to buy a new computer. B) He needs torepair his computer. C) He needs to upgrade his computer.D) He needs to return his computer.5. A) She's going to study abroad. B) She's going to work abroad. C) She's going to travel abroad. D) She's going to live abroad.（二）长对话理解（每题2分，共10分）听下面一段对话，回答6至7题。
6. What is the man's main concern about the new project?A) The budget. B) The schedule. C) The technology. D) The team.7. What does the woman suggest they should do?A) Reduce the budget. B) Extend the deadline. C) Hire more staff. D) Use more advanced technology.（三）短文理解（每题2分，共5分）听下面一段短文，回答8至10题。
四级模拟题 Model Test1(教案)
Model Test OnePart ⅠWriting（30 minutes）注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上。
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: On College Degree. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:1. 现在拥有大学文凭不一定能找份好工作。
2. 分析其中的原因。
3. 如何面对这一深刻的变化。
【参考范文】On College Degree(开头开宗明义，没有许多题外话。
这点很重要，因为有的同学写作文开头会写很多，而真正重要的分析问题往往因时间不够会草草了事。
)Many years ago, graduates could find satisfactory jobs after their graduation. However, now things are totally different. New graduates usually are under great pressure in finding jobs. They always say that graduation means unemployment.(中间分析问题要有条理，连接词不一定要用“first”、“second”,本文的连接词“to begin with”、“in addition”同学也可以借鉴。
)This kind of pressure that new graduates have to endure is mainly caused by these reasons as follows. To begin with, most of college students are the “only—child”, who are more mentally dependent. Once they begin to find jobs by themselves after graduation, they really don’t know what to do. If their firs t try fails, they will think that it is reallydifficult to find jobs. In addition, some university students are not qualified for desirable jobs. Owing to spending too much time on computer games or others unimportant things, their study is neglected. As a result,they haven’t gained the knowledge those desirable positions require after four years of university life.(解决问题部分最好用到上文分析的结果，再根据分析的结果提出解决问题的方法。
大学英语四级模拟试卷一及参考答案
⼤学英语四级考试全真预测试卷 Model Test OnePart I Writing(30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Choosing an Occupation. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:1. 选择职业是⼀个⼈要⾯对的众多难题之⼀。
2. 需要花时间去选择职业。
3. 选择职业时可以向多⼈寻求建议和帮助。
Choosing an OccupationPart II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)(15 minutes)Directions:In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-7,choose the best answer from the four choices marked［A］,［B］,［C］and ［D］. For questions 8-10,complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Will We Run Out of Water?Picture a “ghost ship” sinking into the sand, left to rot on dry land by a receding sea. Then imagine dust storms sweeping up toxic pesticides and chemical fertilizers from the dry seabed and spewing them across towns and villages.Seem like a scene from a movie about the end of the world? For people living near the Aral Sea in Central Asia, it’s all too real. Thirty years ago, government planners diverted the rivers that flow into the sea in order to irrigate(provide waterfor)farmland. As a result, the sea has shrunk to half its original size, stranding ships on dry land. The seawater has tripled in salt content and become polluted, killing all 24 native species of fish.Similar large-scale efforts to redirect water in other parts of the world have also ended in ecological crisis, according to numerous environmental groups. But many countries continue to build massive dams and irrigation systems, even though such projects can create more problems than they fix. Why? People in many parts of the world are desperate for water, and more people will need more water in the next century.“Growing populations will worsen problems with water,” says Peter H. Gleick, an environmental scientist at the Pacific Institute for studies in Development, Environment, and Security, a research organization in California. He fears that by the year 2025, as many as one third of the world’s projected 8.3 billion people will suffer from water shortages.Where Water GoesOnly 2.5 percent of all water on Earth is freshwater, water suitable for drinking and growing food, says Sandra Postel, director of the Global Water Policy Project in Amherst, Mass. Two-thirds of this freshwater is locked in glaciers and ice caps.In fact, only a tiny percentage of freshwater is part of the water cycle, in which water evaporates and rises into the atmosphere, then condenses and falls back to Earth as precipitation(rain or snow).Some precipitation runs off land to lakes and oceans, and some becomes groundwater, water that seeps into the earth. Much of this renewable freshwater ends up in remote places like the Amazon river basin in Brazil, where few people live.In fact, the world’s population has access to only 12,500 cubic kilometers of freshwater—about the amount of water in Lake Superior. And people use half of this amount already. “If water demand continues to climb rapidly,” says Postel, “there will be severe shortages and damage to the aquatic environment.”Close to HomeWater woes may seem remote to people living in rich countries like the United States. But Americans could face serious water shortages, too especially in areas that rely on groundwater. Groundwater accumulates in aquifers, layers of sand and gravel that lie between soil and bedrock. (For every liter of surface water, more than 90 liters are hidden underground.)Although the United States has large aquifers, farmers, ranchers, and cities are tapping many of them for water faster than nature can replenish it. In northwest Texas, for example, over pumping has shrunk groundwater supplies by 25 percent, according to Postel.Americans may face even more urgent problems from pollution. Drinking water in the United States is generally safe and meets high standards. Nevertheless, one in five Americans every day unknowingly drinks tap water contaminated withbacteria and chemical wastes, according to the Environmental Protection Agency. In Milwaukee, 400,000 people fell ill in 1993 after drinking tap water tainted with cryptosporidium, a microbe that causes fever, diarrhea and vomiting.The SourceWhere do contaminants come from? In developing countries, people dump raw sewage into the same streams and rivers from which they draw water for drinking and cooking; about 250 million people a year get sick from water borne diseases.In developed countries, manufacturers use 100,000 chemical compounds to make a wide range of products. Toxic chemicals pollute water when released untreated into rivers and lakes. (Certain compounds, such as polychlorinated biphenyls, or PCBs, have been banned in the United States.)But almost everyone contributes to water pollution. People often pour household cleaners, car antifreeze, and paint thinners down the drain; all of these contain hazardous chemicals. Scientists studying water in the San Francisco Bay reported in 1996 that 70 percent of the pollutants could be traced to household waste.Farmers have been criticized for overusing herbicides and pesticides, chemicals that kill weeds and insects but that pollute water as well. Farmers also use nitrates, nitrogen-rich fertilizer that help plants grow but that can wreak havoc on the environment. Nitrates are swept away by surface runoff to lakes and seas. Too many nitrates “over enrich” these bodies of water, encouraging the buildup of algae, or microscopic plants that live on the surface of the water. Algae deprive the water of oxygen that fish need to survive, at times choking off life in an entire body of water.What’s the Solution?Water expert Gleick advocates conservation and local solutions to water-related problems; governments, for instance, would be better off building small-scale dams rather than huge and disruptive projects like the one that ruined the Aral Sea. “More than 1 billion people worldwide don’t have access to basic clean drinking water,” says Gleick. “There has to be a strong push on the part of everyone—governments and ordinary people—to make sure we have a resource so fundamental to life.”1.What caused the Aral Sea to shrink? ［A］The rivers flowing into it have been diverted. ［B］Farmers used its water to irrigate their farmland. ［C］Government planners over-pumped its water. ［D］High temperature made its water badly evaporate.2.The construction of massive dams and irrigation projects . ［A］does more good than harm ［B］solves more problems than what they created ［C］does more harm than good ［D］brings more water to people than expected3.The chief causes of water shortage include . ［A］population growth and water waste ［B］water pollution and dry weather ［C］water waste and pollution ［D］population growth and water pollution4.Americans could suffer from greatly serious water shortages? ［A］living in rich areas ［B］living in big cities but poor condition ［C］depending on groundwater ［D］bearing high standards of safe drinking water in mind5.What is the main pollutant in developed countries? ［A］Untreated toxic chemicals from manufacturers. ［B］Raw sewage into rivers and streams. ［C］Herbicides and pesticides used by farmers. ［D］Household cleaners poured down the drain.6.How does algae make threats to life of a body of water? ［A］By covering the whole surface of the water. ［B］By competitively using oxygen life in water needs. ［C］By living more rapidly than other life in water . ［D］By releasing hazardous chemicals into water.7.According to Gleick, who should be responsible for solving water-related problems? ［A］government and housewives.［B］farmers and manufacturers. ［C］ordinary people and manufacturers. ［D］government and every person.8. According to Peter H. Gleick, by the year 2025, as many as of the world’s people will suffer from water shortages.9.Two thirds of the freshwater on Earth is locked in.10.In developed countries, before toxic chemicals are released into rivers and lakes, they should be treated in order to avoid.。
四级模拟一
Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Directions:In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation,a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questionwill be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause,you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the bestanswer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single linethrough the center.1. A. The man wants to go to Tokyo.B. The man wants to go to Shanghai.C. There are 4 flights to Tokyo for the rest of the day.D. There are two direct flights to Tokyo within the next 4 hours.2. A. He enjoys phoning home every week. B. He never fails to phone home weekly.C. He phones home more often now.D. He has been asked to phone home every week.3. A. Because she has got an appointment. B. Because she has to go to school.C. Because she has to work.D. Because she wants to eat in a new restaurant.4. A. The teacher postponed the meeting.B. There won't he an exam this afternoon.C. The students will be attending the meeting.D. The students will have a physical examination.5. A. On the whole, she liked the film. B. She didn't see the film.C. The film was very exciting.D. The film wasn't as good as she'd expected.6. A. Around 5:00. B. Around 3:00. C. At 2:00. D. At l:00.7. A. He went to see his cousin. B. He was held up in traffic.C. His car ran out of gas.D. He had a traffic accident.8. A. Bacon Paul isn't in right now.B. Bacon Paul can't come to the phone right now.C. Bacon Paul doesn't want to speak to the caller.D. The caller dialed the wrong number.9. A. Yesterday. B. Three days ago. C. Two days ago. D. Early last week.10. A. She got up later than usual. B. The bus was late.D. Her clock was slow.Directions:In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choicesmarked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet witha single line through the center.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A. 4,000 years ago. B. 3,000 years ago.C. 2,000 years ago.D. l,000 years ago.12. A. The small howl was put above the large bowl.B. The large howl was put above the small howl.C. The small howl was put inside the large bowl.D. The large bowl consisted of two equal parts.13. A. Horsemen. B. Brass doors.C. Drops of water.D. Metal balls.Questions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. A. They are the most attractive women in Britain.B. They are the most popular film stars.C. They are the first women news announcers on British television.D. They appear almost every night in TV plays.15. A. At 10 in the evening. B. A 9 in the evening.C. At 9 in the morning.D. At 10 in the morning.16. A. People still talk a lot about it.B. Fewer people watched Susan's programme from then on.C. Anna's photographs appeared frequently in newspapers.D. The number of viewers of her programme that day increased by millions.Questions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.17. A. It is completely flat. B. It has few rivers.C. It has many large lakes.D. It is hilly.18. A. The soil has been overworked. B. The climate is cold.C. The weather is too dry.D. The soil is sandy.19. A. By raising cattle. B. By working on farms.C. By working in factories.D. By raising sheep.20. A. At school. B. From their parents.C. From books.D. In factories.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions:There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished state- ments. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on thebest choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through thecenter.Passage 1One of the bitterest and most time-worn debates in student union bars up and down the country is resolved as academic research confirms that in financial terms at least, arts degrees are a complete waste of time. Getting through university boosts student's earnings by 25%, on a weighted average, or ~220,000 over their lifetime, according to Professor Ian Walker of Warwick University--but if they study Shakespeare or the peasants' revolt instead of anatomy or contract law, those gains are likely to be completely wiped out. The government is about to allow univer- sities to charge students up to ~3,000 a year for their degrees, arguing that it it's a small priceto pay compared with the financial rewards graduates reap later in life. But Prof. Walker's re- search shows there are sharp variations in returns according to which subject a student takes. Law, medicine and economics or business are the most lucrative choices, making their average earnings 25% higher, according to the article, published in the office for national statistics' monthly journal. Scientists get 10-15% extra. At the bottom of the list are arts subjects, which make only a "small" difference to earnings--a small negative one, in fact. Just ahead are degrees in education--which leave hard pressed teachers an average of 5% better off a year than if they had left school at 18. "It's hard to resist the conclusion that what students learn does matter alot; and some subject areas give more modest financial returns than others," Prof. Walker said.As an economist, he was quick to point out that students might gain non-financial returns from arts degrees: "Studying economics might be very dull, for example, and studying post-modernism might be a lot of fun."11. What is the best title for the passage?A. Professor Walker's Research.B. How to Make Big Money.C. Differences between Science and Arts Degrees.D. Studying Arts Has Negative Financial Outcome.12. Students could expect higher earnings if______.A. they are allowed to go through universitiesB. they do not take arts degreesC. schools boost their financial rewardsD. they pay a small price for their degrees in advance13. The word "lucrative" in Line 10 most probably refers to_____.A. sensibleB. creativeC. profitableD. reliable14. Which kind of college graduates might earn less than if they had left school at 18?A. Teachers and headmasters.B. Writers and film critics.C. Lawyers and businessmen.D. Scientists and researchers.15. We can safely conclude that the author_______..A. regards arts degrees as meaninglessB. finds this result disappointing and unfairC. wants the students to think twice before they decide what to learn in collegeD. holds that arts degrees are still rewarding despite its scarce financial returns.Passage 2It happens to every medical student sooner or later. You get a cough that persists for a while. Ordinarily, you would just ignore it but now armed with your rapidly growing medicalknowledge, you can't help worrying. The cough could mean just a cold, but it could also be asign of lung cancer.For doctors in training, nurses and medical journalists, hypochondria is an occupational dan- ger. The feeling usually passes after a while, leaving only a funny story to tell at a dinner party. But for the tens of thousands who suffer from true hypochondria they live in constant terror that they are dying of some awful disease, or even several awful diseases at once. Doctors can assure them that there's nothing wrong, but since the cough is real, the assurances fall on deaf ears. And because no physician or test can offer a 100% guarantee that one doesn't have cancer, a hypochondriac always has fuel to feed his or her worst fears.Hypochondriacs don't harm just themselves; they block the whole healthcare system . Al- though they account for only about 6% of the patients who visit doctors every year, they tend to burden their physicians with frequent visits that take up excessive amounts of time. And the problem may be worse, thanks to the popularity of medical information on the Internet. They go on the Web and learn about new diseases and new presentations of old diseases that they never even knew about before. Doctors have taken to calling this phenomenon cyberchondria.16. According to the passage, if you suffer from hypochondria, ________.A. you must be a medical student, or a medical workerB. you are haunted by a possibly inexistent diseaseC. you will never get rid of this diseaseD. you always tell funny stories at dinner parties17. Which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the passage?A. Hypochondria happens to everybody sooner or later.B. We needn't worry about hypochondria since it is not dangerous at all.C. Hypochondria originates from too much knowledge of medicine.D. Not only individuals but also the healthcare system might be disturbed by the unnecessaryterrors.18. Why can't doctors convince the sufferers that there is nothing wrong?A. Because they fail to offer enough evidence.B. Because they don't assure them of that.C. Because the sufferers are deaf and cannot hear what the doctors say.D. Because lack of absolute guarantee makes them doubtful.19. The problem becomes worse due to________.A. the increasing number of patientsB. the widespread medical knowledge on the InternetC. the fact that they visit the doctors frequently and occupy too much timeD. new diseases and symptoms emerge constantly20. It can be inferred that____.A. hypochondria is an incurable diseaseB. the consequences might be disastrousC. the patients should set their hearts at restD. the author sympathizes with the patientsPassage 3When Mr. Yoji Morita married Miss Tamiko Minemura last year, his father compared the cou- ple's new life together to a railroad train on a long, unknown track. "There may be curves and dark tunnels ahead," he told them, "but we wish you a safe journey."The first year of that journey together has provided a variety of personal discoveries about everything from dirty laundry to family finances for the newlyweds.But overall, the young couple, who are typical of millions of Japanese, .say their semi-arranged marriage is going well, and they feel a certain closeness slowly developing between them. They call it "love".During each of their six workdays a week, they talk by phone and almost always meet each evening to make the one-hour train ride home together. In the streets, they hold hands. In restau- rants, they sometimes playfully touch each other. These are subtle but significant changes in the growth of a Japanese marriage relationship, where open signs of affection have not been common . It is quite different from the day when they met at an arranged tea after their fathers, old friends from work, suggested the possibility of a marriage between their "two children". The two young people, who could have said no to the idea, did not even get to speak at first.Ten days after this meeting, Mr. Morita phoned Miss Minemura to propose. She decided al most immediately but waited three days to answer.Then, in October,Japan's most popular marriage month, the two families were joined in a wedding and reception that cost about $13,600. It was planned to be the most important day in their lives.That day, when she was a bride of only a few minutes, Mrs. Morita said, "I think that our love will start to grow from this moment on." And the other evening, after 13 months of mar- riage, she was reminded of that. "I remember," she said. "It's growing."21. The article is about __.A. the relationship of a ,typical young Japanese coupleB. the unusual relationship between a Japanese husband and wifeC. the difficulties of marriage in modern JapanD. the differences between Japanese marriage and western marriage22. At the wedding of the couple, the bride's father compared their new life together to arailroad train on a long, unknown track and wished them a safe journey. What might this comment suggests?A. The father opposed the marriage and felt that it had little chance of succeeding.B. The father favored the marriage because they two matched each other.C. The father not only reminded the newlyweds of potential marriage difficulties but alsooffered his encouragement to them.D. The father was probably a retired engineer and he was speaking from his professional ex-perience.23. In the last sentence of paragraph 2, why does love appear with quotation marksaround it?A. The author believes it is an unfamiliar word for most readers.B. The author quotes the word from the young couple.C. The author does not think that the relationship between the young couple is true love.D. The author wants to show that the meaning of love in Japan is different from the Westernviews.24. Paragraphs 2, 3 and 4___.A. give examples of their growing love for each otherB. show how much Mrs. Morita loves her husbandC. reveal that their relationship has not changed since their weddingD. imply the important role of parents in the arrangement of their marriage25. According to the passage, the marriage seems to be __A. disappointingB. successfulC. a failureD. indifferentPassage 4It is interesting to reflect for a moment upon the differences in the areas of moral feeling and standards in the peoples of Japan and the United States. The Americans divide these areas somewhat rigidly into spirit and flesh, the two being in opposition in the life of a human being. Ideally, spirit should prevail but all too often it is the flesh that does prevail. The Japanese make no such division, at least between one as good and the other as evil. They believe that a person has two souls, each necessary. One is the "gentle" soul, the other is the "rough" soul. Sometimes the person uses his gentle soul, sometimes he must use his rough soul. He does not favor his gentle soul, neither does he fight his rough soul. Human nature in itself is good, Japanese philosophers insist, and a human being does not need to fight any part of himself. He has only to learn how to use each soul properly at the appropriate times. Virtue for the Japanese consists in fulfilling one's obligations to others. Happy endings, either in life or in fiction, are neither necessary nor expected, since the fulfillment of duty provides the satisfying end, whatever the tragedy it inflicts. And duty includes a person's obligation to those who have conferred benefits upon him and to himself as an individual of honor. He develops through this double sense of duty a self-discipline that is at once permissive and rigid, depending upon the area in which itis functioning.What is the secret of the Japanese teaching of self-discipline? It lies, I think, in the fact that the aim of all teaching is the establishment of habit. Rules are repeated over and over, and continually practiced until obedience (服从) becomes instinctive. This repetition is enhanced by the expectation of the elders. They expect a child to obey and to learn through obedience. The demand is gentle at first and tempered to the child's tender age. It is no less gentle as time goes on, but certainly it is increasingly inexorable (无情的).26. What is the difference between the moral standards of Japan and those of the UnitedStates?A. There is no division at all in the Japanese standards.B. Spirit and flesh in American ideas might not be in combat sometimes.C. The souls divided by Japanese are complementary and both necessary.D. Japanese like their gentle souls because these are good.27. According to Japanese, a child is bornA. either gentle or roughB. basically goodC. perfect and need no improvementD. in sin28. To Japanese, the aim of existence isA. the pursuit of happinessB. reward in the afterlifeC. a happy ending to one's activitiesD. fulfilling one's duty29. How do Japanese develop the self-discipline?A. Their sense of duty towards themselves and others drives them forward.B. They have to depend on the areas of functions.C. They follow what the elders demand and expect.D. They are obedience by birth.30. The Japanese teaching of self-discipline can be best described as_____.A. a system of repetitionB. the result of expectationC. an increasingly rigid methodD. a secretPart III V ocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)Directions:There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D Choose the ONE answer that best completes thesentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single linethrough the center.41. The stranger, alone and in thought, leaned lightly against one of the columnsthat supported the roofA. abandonedB. absorbedC. abolishedD. accorded42. In November 2001, Robert was suspended for four games after violating the alcoholpolicy for the second time.A. abuseB. accuseC. abolishedD. amuse43. The new assistant is a quick, worker, and the executive manager is quitesatisfied with her.A. effectiveB. affectingC. efficientD. sufficient44. The proposal of building a chemical plant near the center of the town has been bythe committee.A. turned overB. turned outC. turned offD. turned down45. We are foolish enough still to these old-fashioned ideas.A. cling onB. cling toC. cling inD. cling at46. Professor Smith in this famous university for three decades by next winter.A. will workB. has workedC. has been workingD. will have worked47. What a that it rained today! Otherwise we would be on our picnic trip now.A. disappointmentB. messC. shameD. threat48. It was impossible to estimate what types of costly medical advances will be incoming years.A. availableB. applicableC. approachableD. attainable49. Out of or out of interest, people go back to school for the common goal－toimprove themselves.A. authorityB. communityC. necessityD. property50. You shouldn't have made a over such a trifle.A. fenceB. furyC. fundD. fuss51. The young man could not a quiver of surprise at Jenny's beauty as she stoodthere appreciating the painting.A. restrictB. restoreC. restrainD. retain52. Only five of the firm's employees are ; all the other 19 were temporary.A. permanentB. persistentC. perspectiveD. pessimistic53. We neighbors for help when we move to a new place.A. look forB. look toC. see toD. see off54. Brown's wife died when the baby the born, and today this noble, dear, and childis all the life of the Brown family.A. precedingB. preciousC. preciseD. previous55. If you have this ticket, you travel first class.A. entitle toB. will entitle toC. will be entitled toD. will entitle56. In no circumstances our hope.A. we should give upB. that we should give upC. should we give upD. that should we give up57. from other countries can't work in the United States without a permit.A. EmigrantsB. ImmigrantsC. MigrantsD. Civilians58. All of the students required Professor Hill to on the French novels he had beenreading.A. commandB. commentC. compareD. compel59. The president NATO of paying too little attention to the ethnic tensions.A. abusedB. accountedC. accusedD. amused60. The rents of the farms have been rising lately, partly on of improved methods ofagriculture, partly by the fall in the value of money.A. pointB. occasionC. accountD. behalf61. Don't the boy who's preparing for the final exams.A. hinder fromB. interfere withC. interrupt withD. prevent from62. your letter, I am pleased to inform you that you are to receive the order by theend of this week.A. With regard toB. Thanks toC. So long asD. As far as63. We don't accept goods to the sample.A. incredibleB. inevitableC. inferiorD. influential64. The old are drinking milk per person today as they did a decade ago.A. as five timesB. five times moreC. more than five timesD. more than five times as much65. The sales manager asked to be of everything concerning the sales in time.A. communicatedB. informedC. reportedD. declared66. Y ou may keep the book a further week no one else requires it.A. lestB. providedC. unlessD. until67. We receive television pictures by satellite.A. artificialB. falseC. fakeD. unreal68. All the teachers who have taught me deserved admiration.A. respectedB. respectableC. respectfulD. respective69. He claimed that it was her rudeness that him to strike her.A. proposedB. protectedC. providedD. provoked70. Since you have become an adult, you think and behave as an adult does.A. should as wellB. must as wellC. might as wellD. could as wellPart IV Cloze (15 minutes)Directions:There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C, D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the correspondingletter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.I liked most of my teachers in college. They were, 61 , friendly and competent, 62 to help students. I liked them--but I don't remember them very well, 63 for Mr. Jones, my freshman English teacher. He was an enthusiastic, 64 man, who knew his subject and was 65 that we would learn it and love it, too.Mr. Jones was a tall, 66 man in his mid-forties with gray, thinning hair. 67 precariously on his nose, his glasses gave him a serious 68 . But they didn't 69 there long, for he was always t aking them off and 70 them and putting them in his mouth when he thought over a 71 to a student's question. When he walked into class, he was always 72 two or three books withstripes of paper 73 out of them, marking passages he planned to read. I remember, too, the cardigan sweaters--he 74 a dozen of them. On rainy days he 75 a blue raincoat 76 the sweater. But what I 77 best was his smile. When he smiled, his whole face 78 ; his eyes 79 . His smile made you feel good, 80 , somehow reassured.61. A. for the most part B. after all C. time after time D. to this day62. A. reluctant B. willing C. unhappy D. urgent63. A. except B. but C. all D. if not64. A. sensitive B. selfish C. slow D. specific65. A. maintained B. decided C. insisted D. determined66. A. snobbish B. steady C. steep D. slender67. A. Parking B. Parked C. Perching D. Perched68. A. view B. glance C. look D. sight69. A. remain B. keep C. leave D. hold70. A. prevailing B. polishing C. purchasing D. pursuing71. A. reality B. response C. reaction D. responsibility72. A. pulling B. raising C. lifting D. carrying73. A. stretching B. striking C. sticking D. sustaining74. A. can't have had B. should have had C. must have had D. needn't have had75. A. constituted B. substituted C. exchanged D. replaced76. A. of B. with C. for D. to77. A. realize B. regret C. recall D. remember78. A. lit up B. held up C. built up D. cleared up79. A. splashed B. shivered C. sparkled D. sprayed80. A. at ease B. at most C. ease in D. with easePart V Writing (30 minutes)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the following topic. You should write at least 120 words according to the following guidelines:Which one do you prefer to stay in, a small town or a big city? Why?。
四级模拟Model Test 1
Model Test 1Part One Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said - Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C)and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a line through the centre.Example: You will hear:You will read:A) At the office.B) In the waiting room.C) At the airport.D) In a restaurant.From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they had to finish in the evening. This is most likely to have taken place at the office. Therefore, A) At the office is the best answer. You should choose [A] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the centre.1. A) She is not interested in the article.B) She has given the man much trouble.C) She would like to have a copy of the article.D) She doesn't want to take the trouble to read the article.2. A) He saw the big tower he visited on TV~B) He has visited the TV tower twice.C) He has visited the TV tower once.D) He will visit the TV tower in June.3. A) The woman has trouble getting along with the professor.B) The woman regrets having taken up much of the professor's time.C) The woman knows the professor has been busy.D) The woman knows the professor has run into trouble.4. A) He doesn't enjoy business trips as much as he used to.B) He doesn't think he is capable of doing the job.C) He thinks the pay is too low to support his family,D) He wants to spend more time with his family.5. A) The man thought the essay was easy.B) They both had a hard time writing the essay.C) The woman thought the essay was easy.D) Neither of them has finished the assignment yet.6. A) In the park. B) Between two buildingsC) In his apartment. D) Under a huge tree.7. A) It's awfully dull. B) It's really exciting.C) it's very exhausting. D) It's quite challenging.8. A) movie. B) A lecture. C) A play. D) A speech.9. A) The weather is mild compared to the past years.B) They are having the coldest winter ever.C) The weather will soon get warmer.D) The weather may get even colder.10. A) The mystery story.B) The hiring of a shop assistant.C) The search for a reliable witness.D) An unsolved case of robbery.Section BPassage OneQuestions 11 to 14 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) They want to change the way English is taught.B) They learn English to find well-paid jobs.C) They want to have an up-to-date knowledge of English.D) They know clearly what they want to learn.12. A ) Professionals. B) College students.C) Beginners D) Intermediate earners.13. A) Courses for doctors. B) Courses for businessmen.C) Courses for reporters. D) Courses for lawyers.14. A) Three groups of learners. B) The importance of business English.C) English for Specific Purposes. D) Features of English for different papacies.Passage TwoQuestions 15 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.15. A) To show off their wealth.B) To feel good.C) To regain their memory.D) To be different from others.16. A) To help solve their psychological problems.B) To play games with them.C) To send sham to the hospital.D) To make them aware of its harmfulness.17. A) They need care and affection.B) They are fond of round-the-world trips.C) They are mostly from broken families.D) They are likely to commit crimes.Passage ThreeQuestions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.18. A) Because it was too heavy.B) Because it did not bend easily.C) Because it did not shoot far.D) Because its string was short.19. A) It went out of use 300 years agoB) h was invented alter the short how.C) It was discovered before fire and the wheel.D) It's still in use today.20. A) They are accurate and easy to pull.B) Their shooting range is 40 yards.C) They are usually used indoors.D) They took 100 years to develop.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Design of all the new tools and implements is based on careful experiments with electronic instruments. First, a human “guinea pig” is tested using a regular tool. Measurements are taken of the amount of work done, and the buildup of heat in the body. Twisted joints and stretched muscles can not perform as well, it has been found, as joints and muscles in their normal positions. The same person is then tested again, using a tool designed according to the suggestions made by Dr. Tichauer. All these tests have shown the great improvement of the new designs over the old.One of the electronic instruments used by Dr. Tichauer, the myograph （肌动记器）, makes visible through electrical signals the work done by human muscle.Another machine measures any dangerous features of tools, thus proving information upon which to base a new design. One conclusion of tests made with this machine is that a tripod stepladder is more stable and safer to use than one with four legs.This work has attracted the attention of efficiency experts and time-and-motion-study engineer, but its value goes far beyond tha t. Dr. Tichauer’s first thought is for the health of the tool user. With the repeated use of the same tool all day long on production lines and in other jobs, even light manual work can put a heavy stress on one small area of the body. In time, such stress can cause a disabling disease. Furthermore, muscle fatigue is a serious safety hazard.Efficiency is the by-product of comfort, Dr. Tichauer believes, and his new designs for traditional tools have proved his point.21. What are involved in the design of a new tool according to the passage?A) Electronic instruments and a regular tool.B) A human “guinea pig” and a regular tool.C) Electronic instruments and a human “guinea pig”.D) Electronic instruments, a human “guinea pig” and a regular tool.22. From the passage we know that joints and muscles perform best when __________________.A) they are twisted and stretchedB) they are in their normal positionsC) they are tested with a human “guinea pig”D) they are tested with electronic instruments23. A “myograph” (Para. 2, Line 1) is an electronic instrument that ________________.A) is able to design new toolsB) measures the amount of energy usedC) enable people to see the muscular movementsD) visualizes electrical signals24. It can be inferred from the passage that ________________.A) a stepladder used to have four legs.B) it is dangerous to use toolsC) a tripod is safer in a tool designD) workers are safer on production lines25. Dr. Tichauer started his experiments initially to _________________.A) improve efficiencyB) increase productionC) reduce work loadD) improve comfortQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:More and more, the operations of our businesses, governments, and financial institutions are controlled by information that exists only inside computer memories. Anyone clever enough to modify this information for his own purposes can reap big reward. Even worse, a number of people who have done this and been caught at it have managed to get away without punishment.It’s easy for computer crimes to go undetected if no one checks up on what the computer is doing. But even if the crime is detected, the criminal may walk away not only unpunished but with a glowing recommendation from his former employers.Of course, we have no statistics on crimes that go undetected. But it’s disturbing to note how many of the crimes we do know about were detected by accident, not by systematic inspections or other security procedures. The computer criminals who have been caught may have been the victims of uncommonly bad luck.Unlike other lawbreakers, who must leave the country, commit suicide, or go to jail, computer criminals sometimes escape punishment, demanding not only that they not be charged but that they be given good recommendations and perhaps other benefits. All too often, their demands have been met.Why? Because company executives are afraid of the bad publicity that would result if the public found out that their computer had been misused. They hesitate at the thought of a criminal boasting in open court of how he juggled (诈骗) the most confidential （保密）records right under the noses of the company’s executives, accountants, and security staff. And so another computer criminal departs with just the recommendations he needs to continue his crimes elsewhere.26. It can be concluded from the passage that _______________.A) it is still impossible to detect computer crimes todayB) people commit computer crimes at the request of their companyC) computer criminals escape punishment because they can’t be detectedD) computer crimes are the most serious problem in the operation of financial institutions27. It is implied in the third paragraph that _________________.A) most computer criminals who are caught blame their bad luckB) the rapid increase of computer crimes is a troublesome problemC) most computer criminals are smart enough to cover up their crimesD) many more computer crimes go undetected that are discovered28. Which of the following statements is mentioned in the passage?A) A strict law against computer crimes must be enforcedB) Companies usually hesitate to uncover computer crimes to protect their reputationC) Companies will guard against computer crimes to protect their reputationD) Companies need to impose restrictions on confidential information29. What may happen to computer criminals once they are caught?A) With a bad reputation they can hardly find another job.B) They may walk away and easily find another job.C) They will be denied access to confidential recordsD) They must leave the country to go to jail.30. The passage is mainly about _________________.A) why computer criminals are often able to escape punishmentB) why computer crimes are difficult to detect by systematic inspectionsC) how computer criminals mange to get good recommendations from their former employersD) why computer crimes can’t be eliminatedQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.In a family where the roles of men and women are not sharply separated and where many household tasks are shared to a greater or lesser extent, notions of male superiority are hard to maintain. The pattern of sharing in tasks and indecision makes for equality and this in turn leads to further sharing. In such a home, the growing boy and girl learn to accept equality more easily than did their parents and to prepare more fully for participation in a world characterized by cooperation rather than by the “battle of the sexes”.If the process goes too far and man’s role is regarded as less important –and that has happened in some cases – we are as badly off as before, only in reverse.It is time to reassess the role of the man in the American family. We are getting a little tired of “Momism” –but we don’t want to exchange it for a “neo-Popism”. What we need, rather, is the recognition that bringing up children involves a partnership of equals. There are signs that psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers, and specialists on the family are becoming more aware of the part men play and that they have decided that women should not receive all the credit –nor the blame. We have almost given up saying that a woman’s place is in the home. We are beginning, however, to analyse man’s place in the home and to insist that he does have a place in it. Nor is that place irrelevant to the healthy development of the child.The family is a co-operative enterprise for which it is difficult to lay down rules, because each family needs to work out its own ways for solving its own problems.Excessive authoritarianism（命令主义）has unhappy consequences, whether it wears skirts ortrousers, and the ideal of equal rights and equal responsibilities is pertinent （相关的，切题的）not only to a healthy democracy, but also to a healthy family.31. The ideal of equal rights and equal responsibilities is _________________.A) fundamental to a sound democracyB) not pertinent to healthy family lifeC) responsible for MomismD) what we have almost given up32. The danger in the sharing of household tasks by the mother and the father is that ___________.A) the role of the father may become an inferior one’B) the role of the mother may become an inferior oneC) C) the children will grow up believing that life is a battle of sexesD) sharing leads to constant arguing33. The author states that bringing up children ________________.A) is mainly the mother’s jobB) belongs among the duties of the fatherC) is the job of schools and churchesD) involves a partnership of equals34. According to the author, the father’s role in the home is ____________________.A) minor because he is an ineffectual parentB) irrelevant to the healthy development of the childC) pertinent to the healthy development of the childD) identical to the role of the child’s mother35. With which of the following statements would the author be most likely to agree?A) A healthy, co-operative family is a basic ingredient of a healthy society.B) Men are basically opposed to sharing household chores.C) Division of household responsibilities is workable only in theory.D) A woman’s place in the home – now as always.Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:Teaching children to read well from the start is the most important task of elementary schools. But relying on educators to approach this task correctly can be a great mistake. Many schools continue to employ instructional methods that have been proven ineffective. The staying power of the “look-say” or “whole-word” method of teaching beginning reading is perhaps the most flagrant example of this failure to instruct effectively.The whole-word approach to reading stresses the meaning of words over the meaning of letters, thinking over decoding, developing a sight vocabulary of familiar words over developing the ability to unlock the pronunciation of unfamiliar words. It fits in with the self-directed, “learning how to learn” activities reco mmended by advocates （倡导者）of “open” classrooms and with the concept that children have to be developmentally ready to begin reading. Before 1963, no major publisher put out anything but these “Run-Spot-Run” readers.However, in 1955, Rudolf Flesch touched off what has been called “the great debate” in beginning reading. In his best-seller Why Johnny Can’t Read, Flesch indicted（控诉）the nation’s public schools for miseducating students by using the look-say method. He said –and more scholarly studies by Jeane Chall and Rovert Dykstra later confirmed – that another approach to beginning reading, founded on phonics（语音学）, is far superior.Systematic phonics first teachers children to associate letters and letter combinations withsounds; it then teaches them how to blend these sounds together to make words. Rather than building up a relatively limited vocabulary of memorized words, it imparts a code by which the pronunciations of the vast majority of the most common words in the English language can be learned. Phonics does not devalue the importance of thinking about the meaning of words and sentences; it simply recognizes that decoding is the logical and necessary first step.36. The author feels that counting on educators to teach reading correctly is _____________.A) only logical and natural B) the expected positionC) probably a mistake D) merely effective instruction37. The author indicts the look-say reading approach because _________________.A) it overlooks decoding B) Rudolf Flesch agrees with himC) he says it is boring D) many schools continue to use this method38. One major difference between the look-say method of learning reading and the phonics method is _______________.A) look-say is simpler B) Phonics takes longer to learnC) look-say is easier to teach D) phonics gives readers access to far more words39. The phrase “touch-off” (Para 3, Line 1) most probably means _____________.A) talk about shortly B) start or causeC) compare with D) oppose40. According to the author, which of the following statements is true?A) Phonics approach regards whole-word method as unimportant.B) The whole-word approach emphasizes decoding.C) In phonics approach, it is necessary and logical to employ decoding.D) Phonics is superior because it stresses the meaning of words thus the vast majority of most common words can be learned.Part Three Vocabulary and StructureDirections: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.41. Word had come from the manager ____________ a new transaction would be concluded.A) whoB) thatC) whichD) when42. There was a traffic jam, but she ____________ get to the destination in time.A) couldB) mightC) ought toD) was able to43. "Do you think ____________ I should attend the lecture?" she asked me.A) thatB) whetherC) ifD) when44. Their room was on the third floor, its window ____________ the sports ground.A) overlooksB) overlookingC) overlookedD) to overlook45. On no account ____________ to anyone who works in the company.A) my name must be mentionedB) my name must mentionC) must my name be mentionedD) must my name mention46. Jim knows little of mathematics, ____________ of chemistry.A) and still lessB) as well asC) no less thanD) and still more47. The man denied ____________ any thing at the supermarket when he was questioned by the police.A) to have stolenB ) to stealC ) having stolenD ) having been stealing48. Did he tell you what ____________ if he had a chance?A) was he going to doB) he would doC) be had doneD) had to do49. The results were to ____________ yesterday, but we have heard nothing.A) revealB) have revealedC) be revealedD) have been revealed50. Calculations, which are astronomically exact, have been made ____________ with the use of computers.A) possibleB) it possibleC) possiblyD) to be possible51. To handle the delicate situation, you must ；be____________A) more than carefulB) more carefullyC) carefully enoughD) enough carefully52. The governess agreed to teach the temperamental child ____________ she was given complete authority.A) whetherB) forC) thatD) provided53. According to the periodic table, ____________ still some elements undiscovered.A) there seem to beB) it seems to beC) it seems thatD) here seem54. The farmer used wood to build a house ____________ to store grain.A) withB) in whichC) whichD) where55. A beam of light will not bend round the corners unless ____________ to do so with the help of a reflecting device.A) being doneB) madeC) to be madeD) having made56. ____________, the more severe the winters are.A) The more north you goB) The farther you go the northC) The more you go northD) The farther north you go57. Vicky has been sad recently, for her plan to go to college ____________ at the last moment.A) fell outB) fell behindC) fell throughD) fell off58. You had better ____________ teasing these newcomers, for that will hurt their feeling.A) leave outB) leave forC) leave offD) leave behind59. Don't lose heart! You should _____________ your courage and overcome the difficulty.A) hold upB) set upC) pull upD) pluck up60. He ____________ a sum of money every month to help the two orphans.A) sets asideB) sets upC) sets alongD) sets in61. His debts had to be _____________ after he committed suicide with his rifle.A) laid offB) written offC) turned offD) put off62. The gentleman ____________ a cherub with his letter.A) combinedB) includedC) keptD) enclosed63. At the meeting both sides exchanged their views on a wide ____________ of topics they were interested in.A) extentB) numberC) collectionD) range64. His ____________ has changed but he has kept the fine qualities of a scientific researcher.A) stateB) statusC) stationD) statue65. She can speak French and German, to ____________ nothing of English.A) sayB) speakC) talkD) tell66. If you play with electricity, you may get an electric ____________A) strikeB) beatC) shockD) knock67. It was a wonderful play with a ____________ of over fifty actors and actresses.A) listB) groupC) bunchD) herd68. A ____________change in policy is needed if relations are ever to improve.A) strictB) wideC) everD) radical69. Please give my best ____________ to your family.A) noticeB) attentionC) regardsD) cares70. They bought the land with a ____________ to build a new office block.A) purposeB) viewC) goalD) reasonPart IV Close (15 minutes )Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage, For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the one that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Methods of studying vary; what works__71__ for some students does n’t work at all for others. The only thing you can do is experiment __72__ you find a system that does work for you. But two things are sure: __73__ else can do your studying for you, and unless you do find a system that works, you won' t although college. Meantime, there are a few rules that__74__ for everybody. The hint is "don't get ___75___ ".The problem of studying, __76__ enough to start with, becomes almost__77__ when you are trying to do __78__ in one weekend. __79__ the fastest readers have trouble __80__ that. And if you are behind in written work that must be __81__, the teacher who accepts it __82__late will probably not give you good credit. Perhaps he may not accept it__83__ . Getting behind in oneclass because you are spending so much time on another is really no __84__. Feeling pretty virtuous about the seven hours you 'spend on chemistry won' t __85__one bit if the history teacher pops a quiz. And many freshmen do get into trouble by spending too much time on one class at the __86__of the others, either because they like one class much better or because they find it so much harder that they think, they should __87__all their time to it. __88__the reason, going the whole work for one class and neglecting the rest of them is a mistake, if you face this __89__, begin with the shortest and easiest __90__. Get them out of the way and then go to the more difficult, time consuming work.71. A) good B) easily C) sufficiently D) well72. A) until B) after C) while D ) so73. A) somebody B) nobody C) everybody D) anybody74. A) follow B) go C) operate D) work75. A) behind B) after C) slow D) later76. A) hardly B) unpleasant C) hard D) heavy77. A) improbable B) necessary C) impossible D) inevitable78. A) three week's work B) three weeks' worksC) three weeks' work D) three week' s works79. A) Even B) Almost C) If D) with80. A) to do B) doing C) at doing D) with doing81. A) turned in B) tuned up C) turned out D) given in82. A) very B) quite C) such D) that83. A) anyway B) either C) at all D) too84. A) solution B) method C) answer D) excuse85. A) help B) encourage C) assist D) improve86. A) expense B) pay C) debt D) charge87. A) devote B) put C) spend D) take88. A) Whichever B) Whatever C) However D) Wherever89. A) attraction B) decision C) temptation D) dilemma90. A) arrangements B) way C) assignments D) classPart V WritingDirections: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Good Manners. You should write at least 100 words and you should base your composition on the outline(given in Chinese)below:1世界上的人都看重良好的行为举止.2在公共场合的一些奶好的行为举止.3如果每个人都培养起了好的行为举止,答案及详解Part One Listening ComprehensionSection A1-10 CCBDB DACDD11-20 DABCB AACBATapescriptSection A1. M: Would you like a copy of professor Smith's article?W: Thanks, if it's not too much trouble.Q: What does the woman imply?2. W: Did you visit the Television Tower when you had your vacation in Shanghai last summer?M: I couldn't make it last June. But I finally visited it two months later. I plan to visit it again sometime next year.Q: What do we learn about the man?3. M: Prof. Kennedy has been very busy this semester. As far as I know, he works until mid-night every day.W: I wouldn't have troubled him so much if I had know he was so busy.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?4. W: If I were you, I would have accepted the job.M: I turned down the offer because it would mean frequent business trips away from my family:Q: Why didn't the man accept the job?5. M: How are you getting on with your essay, Mary? I'm having a real hard time with mine.W: After two sleepless nights, I'm finally through with it.Q: What do we learn from this conversation?6. W: Where did you say you found this bag?M: It was lying under a big tree between the park and the apartment buildingQ: Where did the man find the bag?7. M: Wouldn't you get bored with the same routine year after year teaching the same things to children?W: I don't think it would be as boring as working in an office. Teaching is mat stimulating.Q: What does the woman imply about office work?8. M: I was terribly embarrassed when some of the audience got up and left in the middle of the performance.W: Well, some people just can't seem to appreciate real-life drama.Q: What are they talking about?9. W: Oh, it's so cold. We haven't had such a severe winter for so long, have we?M: Yes, the forecast says it's going to get worse before it warms up.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?10. M: You were seen hanging about the store on the night when it was robbed, weren't you?W: Me? You must have made a mistake. I was at home that night.Q: What are they talking about?Section BPassage OneThere are three groups of English learners: beginners, intermediate learners, and learners of special English. Beginners need to learn the basics of English. Students who have reached an intermediate level benefit from learning general English skills. But what about student who want to learn specialist English for their work or professional life? Most students, who fit into this third group have a clear idea about what they want to learn. A bank clerk, for example, wants to use this specialist vocabulary and technical terms of finance. But for teachers, deciding how to teach specialist English is not always so easy. For a start, the variety is enormous. Every field from air- line pilots to secretaries has its own vocabulary and technical terms. Teachers also need to have an up-to-date knowledge of that specialist language, and not many teachers are exposed to working environments outside the classroom. These issues have influenced the way specialist English is taught in schools. This type of course is usually known as English for Specific Purposes, or ESP and there are ESP courses for almost every area of professional and working life. In Britain, for example, there are courses which teach English for doctors, lawyers, reporters, travel agents and people working in the hotel industry. By far, the most popular ESP courses are for business English.Questions 11 to 14 are based on the passage you have just heard.。
大学英语四级试卷-大学英语四级考试全真预测试卷一ModelTestOne
大学英语四级试卷-大学英语四级考试全真预测试卷一ModelTestOne大学英语四级考试全真预测试卷一Model Test OnePart I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition one topic: City Problems. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:1. 越来越多的人涌入大城市，有些问题随之产生2. 比较明显的大问题有……3. 我对这种现象的想法City ProblemsPart II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-7, markY (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Scientists Weigh Options for Rebuilding New OrleansAs experts ponder how best to rebuild the devastated (毁坏)city, one question is whether to wall off—or work with—the water.Even before the death toll from Hurricane Katrina is tallied,scientists are cautiously beginning to discuss the future of New Orleans. Few seem to doubt that this vital heart of U.S. commerce and culture will be restored, but exactly how to rebuild the city and its defenses to avoid a repeat catastrophe is an open question. Plans for improving its levees and restoring the barrier of wetlands around New Orleans have been on the table since 1998, but federal dollars needed to implement them never arrived. After the tragedy, that's bound to change, says John Day, an ecologist at Louisiana State University (LSU) in Baton Rouge. And if there is an upside to the disaster, he says, it's that 'now we've got a clean slate to start from."Many are looking for guidance to the Netherlands, a country that, just like bowl-shaped New Orleans, sits mostly below sea level, keeping the water at bay with a construction of amazing scale and complexity. Others, pointing to Venice's long-standing adaptations, say it's best to let water flow through the city, depositing sediment to offset geologic subsidence—a model that would require a radical rethinking of architecture. Another idea is to let nature help by restoring the wetland buffers between sea and city.But before the options can be weighed, several unknowns will have to be addressed. One is precisely how the current defenses failed. To answer that, LSU coastal scientists Paul Kemp and Hassan Mashriqui are picking their way through the destroyed city and surrounding region, reconstructing the size of water surges by measuring telltale marks left on the sides of buildings and highway structures. They are feeding these data into a simulation of the wind and water around New Orleans during its ordeal."We can't say for sure until this job is done," says Day, "butthe emerging picture is exactly what we've predicted for years." Namely, several canals—including the MRGO, which was built to speed shipping in the 1960s—have the combined effect of funneling surges from the Gulf of Mexico right to the city's eastern levees and the lake system to the north. Those surges are to blame for the flooding. "One of the first things we'll see done is the complete backfilling of the MRGO canal," predicts Day, "which could take a couple of years."The levees, which have been provisionally repaired, will be shored up further in the months to come, although their long-term fate is unclear. Better levees would probably have prevented most of the flooding in the city center. To provide further protection, a mobile dam system, much like a storm surge barrier in the Netherlands, could be used to close off the mouth of Lake Pontchartrain. But most experts agree that these are short-term fixes.The basic problem for New Orleans and the Louisiana coastline is that the entire Mississippi River delta is subsiding and eroding, plunging the city deeper below sea level and removing a thick cushion of wetlands that once buffered the coastline from wind and waves. Part of the subsidence is geologic and unavoidable, but the rest stems from the levees that have hemmed in the Mississippi all the way to its mouth for nearly a century to prevent floods and facilitate shipping. As a result, river sediment is no longer spread across the delta but dumped into the Gulf of Mexico. Without a constant stream of fresh sediment, the barrier islands and marshes are disappearing rapidly, with a quarter, roughly the size of Rhode Island, already gone.After years of political wrangling, a broad group pulled together by the Louisiana government in 1998 proposed amassive $14 billion plan to save the Louisiana coasts, called Coast 2050 (now modified into a plan called the Louisiana Coastal Area project). Wetland restoration was a key component. "It's one of the best and cheapest hurricane defenses," says Day, who chaired its scientific advisory committee.Although the plan was never given more than token funding, a team led by Day has been conducting a pilot study since 2000, diverting part of the Mississippi into the wetlands downstream of the city. "The results are as good as we could have hoped," he says, with land levels rising at about 1 centimeter per year—enough to offset rising sea levels, says Day.Even if the wetlands were restored and new levees were built, the combination of geologic subsidence and rising sea levels will likely sink New Orleans another meter by 2100. The problem might be solved by another ambitious plan, says Roel Boumans, a coastal scientist at the University of Vermont in Burlington who did his ph.D. at LSU: shoring up the lowest land with a slurry of sediment piped in from the river. The majority of the buildings in the flooded areas will have to be razed anyway, he says, "so why not take this opportunity to fix the root of the problem?" The river could deposit enough sediment to raise the bottom of the New Orleans bowl to sea level "in 50 to 60 years," he estimates. In the meantime, people could live in these areas Venice-style, with buildings built on stilts. Boumans even takes it a step further: "You would have to raise everything about 30 centimeters once every 30 years, so why not make the job easier by making houses that can float."Whether that is technically or politically feasible—Day, for one, calls it "not likely" —remains to be seen, especially because until now, the poorest residents lived in the lowest parts of thecity. Any decision on how best to protect the city in the future will be tied to how many people will live there, and where. "there may be a large contingent of residents and businesses who choose not to return," says Bill Good, an environmental scientist at LSU and manager of the Louisiana Geological Survey's Coastal Processes section. It is also not yet clear how decisions about the reconstruction will be made, says Good, "Since there is no precedent of comparable magnitude." Every level of government is sure to be involved, and "the process is likely to be ad hoc."Even with the inevitable mingling of science and politics, we still have "a unique chance to back out of some bad decisions," says Good, who grew up in New Orleans. "I hope that we don't let this once-in-history opportunity slip through our fingers in the rush to rebuild the city:"1. The passage gives a general description of the suggestions to reconstruct New Orleans after Hurricane Katrina.2. Two examples to deal with water are Netherlands and Venice.3. The canals have nothing to do with the flooding.4. The levees will be shored up further with clear long-term fate.5. The basic problem for New Orleans is the subsidence of Mississippi River delta.6. The key component of Coast 2050 is wetland restoration.7. The plan of Coast 2050 will get billions of federal funding.8. New Orleans will likely sink ________________ by 2100.9. Another ambitious plan is to shoring up the lowest land with a slurry of sediment ________________.10. How decisions about the reconstruction will be made is also ________________.Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D], and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.11. [A] The man doesn't want to see Mr. Williams.[B] Mr. Jones is in an inferior position to Mr. Williams.[C] Mr. Jones used to be in charge.[D] Mr. Williams doesn't want to see the man.12. [A] They need to make more efforts. [C]The others have done the greater part of it.[B] She felt a bit annoyed. [D] They've finished more than half of it.13. [A] She felt very sorry. [C] She was in a hurry.[B] She felt a bit annoyed. [D] She was surprised.14. [A] The knife belongs to him. [C] The man once borrowed Bob's knife.[B] Bob should mind his own business. [D] Bob's knife isn't as good as that of the man.15. [A] He'll miss the meeting that afternoon. [C] He won't miss the meeting.[B] He can't have an appointment with the host. [D] He is a hardworking man.16. [A] Because she didn't fulfill her promise.[B] Because her mother would be very angry.[C] Because she can't finish the job ahead of schedule.[D]Because she would be the last to finish the job.17. [A] He always talks on the phone for that long if it's toll free.[B] They had so much free time to talk on the phone for that long.[C] They talked on the phone for too long.[D] He wants to know what they talked about.18. [A] At a restaurant. [C] In the office.[B] At the cinema. [D] At a department store.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. [A] He is a teacher of English in Cambridge. [C] He is a consultant to a Scottish company.[B] He is a specialist in computer science. [D] He is a British tourist to China.20. [A] 22℃[C] 25℃[B] 23℃[D] 34℃21. [A] With an English family. [C] With a language teacher.[B] In a flat near the college. [D] In a student dormitory.22. [A] Certain things cannot be learned from books.[B] Foreign students had better live on campus.[C] Choice of where to live varies from person to person.[D] British families usually welcome foreign students.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. [A] Ways to determine the age of a fossil. [C] A comparison of two shellfish fossils.[B] The identity of a fossil the woman found. [D] Plans for a field trip to look for fossils.24. [A] He has never seen a fossil that old. [C] It is probably a recent specimen.[B] It could be many millions of years old. [D] He will ask the lab how old it is.25. [A] Take it to class. [C] Take it to the lab.[B] Put it in her collection. [D] Leave it with her professor.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you mustchoose the best answer from the four choices marked [A], [B],[C] and [D]. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2 with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. [A] She didn't want to be a typist. [C] She was not enthusiastic about typing.[B] She was not energetic enough to do the job. [D] She never went to a university.27. [A] Because nobody wanted to hire her as a pilot.[B] Because she wanted to prove that a woman could fly an airplane.[C] Her parents didn't want to hire a pilot.[D] She did not have enough money to hire a pilot.28. [A] Vienna. [C] India.[B] Baghdad. [D] Australia.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 32 are based on the passage you have justheard.29. [A] Reading magazine articles. [C] Writing research papers.[B] Reviewing book reports. [D] Selecting information sources.30. [A] Gathering non-relevant materials. [C] Sharing notes with someone else.[B] Stealing another person's ideas. [D] Handing in assignments late.31. [A] In the student's own words. [C] In short phrases.[B] In direct quotations. [D] In shorthand.32. [A] It should be assimilated thoroughly. [C] It should be paraphrased by the author.[B] It should be enclosed in quotation marks. [D] It should be authorized by the source. Passage ThreeQuestions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.33. [A] Seasonal variations in nature.[B] How intelligence changes with the change of seasons.[C] How we can improve our intelligence.[D] Why summer is the best season for vacation.34. [A] Summer. [C] Fall.[B] Winter. [D] Spring.35. [A] All people are less intelligent in summer than in the other seasons of the year.[B] Heat has no effect on people's mental abilities.[C] People living near the equator are the most intelligent.[D] Both climate and temperature exert impact on people's intelligence.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blank, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.Building after building under water. (36) ________ in shelters. Thousands of others unsure where to go. (37) ________ for help. Anarchy. Bodies in streets. This is what one of America's historic cities was (38) ________ to this week by a powerful storm, Katrina.Officials want everyone still left in New Orleans, Louisiana, to leave for now. The (39) ________ of New Orleans says thousands may be dead. (40) ________ Katrina also caused death and (41) ________ in parts of Mississippi and Alabama along the Gulf of Mexico. Federal officials reported Friday that more than one million five hundred thousand homes and businesses (42) ________ without electric power.New Orleans is famous for its wild Mardi Gras (43) ________ and night life in the French Quarter. (44)________________________. New Orleans has depended on levees, dams made of earth, to control floods from the Mississippi River and Lake Pontchartrain.Katrina struck on Monday. New Orleans avoided a direct hit. But two of the levees failed the next day. Most of the city was flooded. Helicopters dropped huge sandbags to fill the breaks.(45) ________________________.America faces one of the worst natural events in its history. President Bush says the recovery will take years.(46) ________________________. The Bush administration is expected to ask for more in the weeks to come.Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.Blue is the world's favorite color. It is also the color most often 47 with intellect and authority.Most uniforms are blue. In Greek and Roman mythology, blue is the color of sky gods. In the Old Testament, God is 48 by deep blue. Blue and turquoise (青绿色)are represented by the Islamic religion. It is the 49 color in the mosques of the world.Blue symbolizes truth, peace and cooperation. It is the color of the flag of the United Nations and of Europe. As the coolest color of the spectrum, it is the hue most likely to have a receding effect. As in the skies and water that 50 us, blue is seen as a peaceful and 51 color. Blue light has seen to 52 blood pressure by calming the nervous system hence relaxing the body and mind. Blue creates large airy spaces. It makes rooms bigger.The wrong shade of blue can be uncomfortable. It can alsobe cold and sterile(枯燥的)unless 53 with warmer colors.Light and soft blue makes us feel quiet and protected from the bustle(喧闹)and 54 of the day. Blue bedrooms are restful. Blue bath rooms are appropriately watery. Blue 55 depth with greens and reds. Dark blue represents the night making us calm. Its apparently calming effect makes it the perfect tone for the quieter 56 of your living space.[A] represented [I] activity[B] engage [J] zones[C] refreshing [K] foolish[D] surround [L] line[E] curved [M] acquires[F] dominant [N] associated[G]lower [O] rash[H] balancedSection BDirections: There are 2 passages in the section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C], and [D]. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestion 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.Most shoplifters (商店扒手)agree that the January sales offer wonderful opportunities for the hard-working thief. With the shops so crowded and the staff so busy, it does not require any extraordinary talent to help you to take one or two little things and escape unnoticed. It is known, in the business, as "hoisting".But the hoisting game is not what it used to be. Even at the height of the sales, shoplifters today never know if they are beingwatched by one of those evil little balls that hang from the ceilings of so many department stores above the most desirable goods.As if that was not trouble enough for them, they can now be filmed at work and obliged to attend a showingof their performance in court.Selfridges was the first big London store to install closed-circuit videotape equipment to watch its sales floors. In October last year the store won its first court case for shoplifting using a evidence a videotape clearly showing a couple stealing dresses. It was an important test case which encouraged other stores to install similar equipment.When the balls, called sputniks, first make an appearance in shops, it was widely believed that their only function was to frighten shoplifters. Their somewhat ridiculous appearances, the curious holes and red lights going on and off, certainly make the theory believable.It did not take long, however, for serious shoplifters to start showing suitable respect. Soon after the equipment was in operation at Selfridges, store detective Brian Chadwick was sitting in the control room watching a woman secretly putting bottles of perfume into her bag."As she turned to go," Chadwick recalled, "she suddenly looked up at the 'sputnik' and stopped. She could not possibly have seen that the camera was trained on her because it is completely hidden, but she must have had a feeling that I was looking at her.""For a moment she paused, but then she returned to counter and started putting everything back. When she had finished, she opened her bag towards the camera to show it was empty andhurried out of the store."57. January is a good month for shoplifters because ________.[A] they don't need to wait for staff to serve them[B] they don't need any previous experience as thieves[C] there are so many people in the store[D] January sales offer wonderful opportunities for them58. The sputniks hanging from the ceiling are intended ________.[A] to watch the most desirable goods [C] to frighten shoplifters by their appearance[B] to make films that can be used as evidence [D] to be used as evidence against shoplifters59. The case last October was important because ________ .[A] the store got the dresses back[B] the equipment was able to frighten shoplifters[C] other shops found out about the equipment[D] the kind of evidence supplied was accepted by court60. The woman stealing perfume ________.[A] guessed what the sputniks were for [C] could see the camera filming her[B] was frightened by its shape [D] knew that the detective had seen her61. The woman's action before leaving the store shows that she ________.[A] was sorry for what she had done[B] was afraid she would be arrested[C]decided she didn't want what she had picked up[D] wanted to prove she had not intended to steal anythingPassage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based in the following passage.The largest shark known to us, Megalodon, is extinct. Or is it? Carcharodon Megalodon, commonly known as Megalodon, is believed to have lived between 1 million and 5 million years ago and thought to have been 52 feet long. It is (or was) a shark that had a jaw 7 or more feet wide. Fairly recently, there has been some speculation about whether it is extinct or just out of reach. But few people believe that Megalodon has found a home deep in the ocean.There are many known "Living Fossils": Coelacanth, Sea Cucumbers, Sea Urchins, Lobsters, Sea Stars. The common ones like lobsters and sea urchins are not really looked on as anything amazing. They've been around for thousands of years or more, and are easily accessible to us. What if they weren't accessible and yet still existed? We would label them extinct. The discovery of a live Coelacanth, a fish long believed extinct, challenged some scientists' long-held beliefs on extinction. There have been recent discoveries of incredibly large squid, anddeep-sea fish never before seen by scientists.In the 1960s the U.S. Navy set up underwater microphones around the world to track Soviet submarines. The network, known as the Sound Surveillance System, still lies deep below the ocean's surface in a layer of water known as the "deep sound channel". The temperature and pressure of the channel allow sound waves to travel undisturbed. NOAA's Acoustic Monitoring Project has been using the Sound Surveillance System to listen for changes in ocean structure like ocean currents or volcanic activity. Most of the sounds recorded are common and of no concern. One sound, identified in 1977 by U.S. Navy "spy" sensors, was odd. It was obviously a marine animal but the call was more powerful than any of the calls made by any other reported seacreature. It was too big for a whale. Could it be a deep-sea monster? One possibility was a giant squid, but no one is sure. It was named"Bloop". Could it be Megalodon? If Megalodon is still alive down in the bottom of the ocean, we may some day soon discover it. Then what? Deep sea diving will never be the same, that's for sure!62. The following is commonly known EXCEPT ________.[A] Megalodon, the largest shark, is extinct[B] Megalodon is not extinct but just out of reach[C] Megalodon was 52 feet long and had a jaw 7 or more feet wide[D] Megalodon lived between several million years ago.63. What makes scientists doubt about the belief that Megalodon is extinct?[A] The discovery of many "Living Fossils". [C] The discovery of a live Coelacanth.[B] The discovery of the fossils of lobsters. [D] The discovery of the fossils of sea urchins.64. What was special in their recorded sounds?[A] To listen for changes in ocean structure.[B] To listen for changes of ocean currents or volcanic activity.[C] To Make sure whether there was a giant squid deep in the ocean.[D] To follow the track of the Soviet warships under water.65. What was special in their recorded sounds?[A] A strange, powerful animal sound was heard. [C] A sea monster's sound was heard.[B] A big whale's sound was heard. [D] A giant squid's sound was heard.66. What can be concluded from the passage?[A] Scientists' discoveries always change people's belief.[B] There are too many secrets to be discovered.[C] Megalodon may be still alive deep in the ocean.[D] "Deep sound channel" allows sound waves to travel undisturbed.Part V Cloze (15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D] on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet 2 with a single line through the center.Before the 20th century the horse provided day to day transportation in the United States. Trains were used only for long-distance transportation.Today the car is the most popular 67 of transportation in all of the United States. It has completely 68 the horse as a means of everyday transportation. Americans use their car for 69 90 percent of all personal 70 .Most Americans are able to 71 cars. The average price of a 72 made car was, 500 in 1950, 740 in 1960 and up 73 750 in 1975. During this period American ear manufacturers set about 74 their products and work efficiency.。
Modeltestone大学英语四级模拟试题讲解
• Upon impact, the Centaur rocket kicked up a cloud of dust and elements from the moon’s surface, creating a so-called “ejecta-plume” that was monitored by NASA’s Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter, or LRO.
• [3] An American government panel has recommended that pregnant women, health-care workers, children and young adults up to the age of 24 should get priority for the flu vaccine released later this year. But the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices conceded the policy may change if not enough vaccine is produced by October. Doctor Ann Schuchat of the Center for Disease Control said it is vital for pregnant women have breathing illness and fever to get early treatment.[4] We think some suitable medicines for them can be lifesaving, and that’s a very important message. We also think it is important for them to get seasonal influenza vaccine, and today the committee recommended that when vaccine is available, and we have a decision to go forward that the pregnant women really out of consider getting the H1N1 vaccine.