初二英语阅读理解与写作

初二阅读训练（一）AMother's Day and Father's Day are two big national holidays in many western countries. And it's interesting because they are not the same in every country. In England, Mothering Sunday is in March. In America and Germany and other countries, it's one Sunday in May. Father's Day is in the middle of June. How do you celebrate Mother's Day and Father's Day? Let's learn something more about it from the following introduction.In England，we call Mother's Day Mothering Sunday，because it's always on a Sunday. Idon't really know the origin of it but I remember that my mother had a cup of tea early in themorning. And then we would go to church. And at the end of the church service，the childrenwould collect a daffodil（水仙花）and take it back and give it to our mother who would normallybe sitting in the service in the church. And really that's all we did to celebrate the day.As Ann said. I remember taking cups of tea to my mother. The idea in general is that thewashing-up would be done；perhaps some cooking would be done on Mother's Day. We wouldtry to relieve her of all those jobs to make it a special day for her，so that whenever she lookedaround，there was something to eat，something to drink，or something to read，or somethinginteresting for her to do.Father's Day is always in June，a Sunday in the middle of June. On Father's Day, the idea is to find something fun that the children could do with their father together. I remember going tobaseball games. I think that on Father's Day it's particularly focused on doing things togetherbecause that is supposed to be relaxing and fun for Dad.1.In ________, Mothering Sunday is in March.A.GermanyB.EnglandC.AmericaD.China2.Ann remembered that her mother ________ in the morning on Mothering Sunday.A.had a cup of teaB.got up lateC.collected a daffodilD.had something to eat3.What did Bill remember doing on Father's Day?A.Doing housework.B.Eating outside.C.Going to the church.D. Watching baseball games.4.What's the text mainly about?A.The history of some national holidays.B.The stories of some interesting holidays.C.How to celebrate Mother's Day and Father's Day.D.How to understand Mother's Day and Father's Day.BEver since I was a child, my mouth has caused me trouble. I'm not a bad person; I have a hard time learning when to keep my mouth closed.My mom has told me again and again, “Robert, your constant bad words are hurting me. If youcontinue to be this rude, you will get into big trouble.”It's been a problem at school several times too when teachers have told me something I didn't want to hear. I used to feel it was my duty to stand up for myself.One day in English class I began working on my homework until I heard a classmate talking behind me. It was Nathaniel, talking to himself as usual.I said ever so nicely, “Nathaniel, would you be quiet?”Nathaniel continued talking to himself. I quickly shouted “Nathaniel, shut up!”For the next five minutes, we threw hurtful words back and forth at each other.“At least I don't have an ugly lazy eye like you!” I shouted.I knew this would upset him deep inside. It would hurt his feelings and shut him up.What I said filled him with anger. He tried to reach over my seat and grab me as he shouted, “That's it ! That's it!”Surprised at his reaction, I sat back in my seat. Never had I seen Nathaniel act like this before.Later on, we were taken to the principal's office.There, Mr. Black, the principal, told us to discuss the matter. It wasn't until then that I finally found that when I hurt someone physically, the wounds eventually heal. But when I hurt them with my words, sometimes the pain（痛苦） never goes away.At the end of the discussion, I said sorry to Nathaniel.When I headed back to my room, I spent some time praying. I began to think about how often what I said hurt others. But I believe that as I keep praying and asking God to help me, he'll tell me when to keep my mouth closed.1.What's the writer's name?A.Nathaniel.B.RobertC.Black.D.Green.2.One day in English class, Nathaniel ________ when the other classmates worked on their homework.A.read the textB.listened to the othersC.talked to himselfD.kept silent3.What's the Chinese meaning of the underlined word heal?A.愈合B.痛苦C.和好D.伤害4.In the text the writer tried to tell us that ________.A.when you hurt someone, the pain never goes awayB.we should try to help each other at schoolC.it is one's duty to stand up for himselfD.words cause more pain than woundsCOver the last 70 years, researchers have been studying happy and unhappy people and finally found out ten factors that make a difference. Our feelings of well-being at any moment are decided to a certain degree by genes. However, of all the factors, wealth and age are the top two.Money can buy a degree of happiness. But once you can afford to feed, clothe and house yourself, each extra dollar makes less and less difference.Researchers find that, on average, wealthier people are happier. But the link between money and happiness is complex（复杂的）. In the past half-century, the aver-age income（平均收入） has sharply increased in developed countries, yet happiness levels have remained almost the same. Once your basic needs are met, money only seems to increase happiness if you have more than your friends, neighbors and colleagues.“Dollars buy status（social position）, and status makes people feel better,” say some experts, which helps explain why people who can seek status in other ways, scientists or actors, for example, may happily accept relatively poorly-paid jobs.In a research, Professor Alex Michalos found that the people whose desires（欲望）, not just for money, but for friends, family, job, health, rose furthest beyond what they already had, tended to be less happy than those who felt a smaller gap（差距）. Indeed, the size of the gap predicted happiness about five times better than income alone. “The gap measures just blow away the measures of only income.” says Michalos.Another factor that has to do with happiness is age. Old age may not be so bad “Given all the problems of aging, how could the elderly be more satisfied?” asks Professor Laura Carstensen. In one survey, Carstensen interviewed 184 people between the ages of 18 and 94, and asked them to fill out an emotion questionnaire. She found that old people reported positive emotions just as often as young people. Some scientists suggest older people may expect life to be harder and learn to live with it, or they're more realistic about their time running out. Older people have learned to focus on things that make them happy and let go of those that don't.“People realize not only what they have, but also that what they have cannot last forever,” she says. “A goodbye kiss to a husband or wife at the age of 85, for example, may bring far more complex emotional responses than a similar kiss to a boy or girl friend at the age of 20.”1.Some actors would like to accept poorly-paid jobs because the jobs ________.A.make them feel much betterB.provide chances to make friendsC.improve their social positionD.satisfy their professional interests2.Professor Alex Michalos found that people feel less happy if ________.A.the gap between reality and desire is biggerB.they have a stronger desire for friendshipC.the hope for good health is much greaterD.their income is far below their expectation3.We can infer from the passage that older people ________.A.would like to have more goodbye kisses than young peopleB.are used to living a hard life because they are kind to othersC.express their positive opinions just as some young people doD.find it easier to feel happy because they are more realistic4.According to the passage, the feeling of happiness ________.A.increases gradually with ageB.is controlled partly by desiresC.has little to do with wealthD.is decided mostly by genes初二阅读训练（二）一、阅读训练AA rich American went into a shop in London. He wanted very much to buy a nice-looking watch, but the owner of the shop asked five hundred dollars for it. Suddenly a young man came into the shop, took the watch out of the owner’s hands and ran out with it. It all happened in a few seconds. When the owner ran out into the street, the young man was already lost among the people.The American went on. At the next corner, he saw the young man with the stolen watch in his hand. “Do you want to buy a fine watch, sir?” he asked in a low voice. “It’s only a hundred dollars.” “The young man doesn’t know I saw him stealing the watch,” he thought. The American paid at once and went back to his room with the watch. He told his friend about the fine watch.His friend took a look at the watch and started laughing. He said, “You are a fool. This watch isn’t worth even ten dollars. I’m sure the shop owner and the young man planned this together.B83-year-old great grandmother received a bachelor’s degree. An 83-year-old great grandmother received a bachelor’s degree（学士学位）from South-eastern University today, more than 50 years after she took her first college course. Early spring stormAn early spring heavy snow dumped 18 inches of snow on the city in less than six hours last night.Two men win freedom Two men picked up for disorderly conduct（不法行为）won their freedom today when they helped police officer saved 20 persons from burning North Side apartment building.Henley Street Bridge closedThe Henley Street Bridge over the Tennessee River will be closed at 8 am Friday, A State Highway official said today. Husband kills wife, dies Just 15 minutes after he shot（射击）and killed his unfriendly wife, a 22-year-old truck driver jumped to his death from the State Street Bridge.CShe is a cute, quiet girl. As a daughter, she has no secrets from her mother, who is very pleased with her. But these days she has become not so open as before. She has diary（日记）that she keeps under lock and key. Her mother cannot help worrying about her: what if she falls in love, which is too early of her age. After all she is reaching the “dangerous time”.These thoughts have caused trouble in the mother’s mind.One weekend the girl came to tell her mother that she was going to the cinema with her schoolmate and would return late. This was the first time her mother agreed, and she couldn’t help worrying because her daughter had never been away at night before. The mother waited till nine. She decided to go out to meet her daughter. Just at that time the noise of a car pulling up drew her to the window and --- there was her daughter, waving goodbye to a boy. Her heart missed a beat. When the girl came in, the mother was watching TV, just like nothing had happened. “Mum, I’m back.” “Yeah.” “Sorry to be late. Still sitting up?” “Yes. Oh, that… Who’s that boy?” The daughter was stunned（发愣）for some time. “Ah. It’s my monitor. He gave me a lift onhis way home. Mum, I’m going to bed.” “All right. Go to sleep early.”Next morning when the mother went to the daughter’s room to do some cleaning, she found her diary left on the bed. After a few minutes’ thinking she at last opened it to the page of the night before. It reads: Mum, it’s love that made you ask, but it would show your understanding of me if you hadn’t.初二阅读训练（三）一、阅读训练ADaniel MendozaBoxing matches were very popular in England two hundred years ago. In those days, boxers fought with bare fists for Prize money. Because of this, they were known as 'prize-fighters'. However, boxing was very crude, for there were no rules and a prize-fighter could be seriously injured or even killed during a match. One of the most colourful figures in boxing history was Daniel Mendoza who was born in 1764. The use of gloves was not introduced until 1860 when the Marquis of Queensberry drew up the first set of rules. Though he was technically a prize-fighter, Mendoza did much to change crude prize-fighting into a sport, for he brought science to the game. In his day, Mendoza enjoyed tremendous popularity. He was adored by rich and poor alike. Mendoza rose to fame swiftly after a boxing-match when he was only fourteen years old. This attracted the attention of Richard Humphries who was then the most eminent boxer in England. He offered to train Mendoza and his young pupil was quick to learn. In fact, Mendoza soon became so successful that Humphries turned against him. The two men quarreled bitterly and it was clear that the argument could only be settled by a fight. A match was held at Stilton where both men fought for an hour. The public bet a great deal of money on Mendoza, but he was defeated. Mendoza met Humphries in the ring on a later occasion and he lost for a second time. It was not until his third match in 1790 that he finally beat Humphries and became Champion of England. Meanwhile, he founded a highly successful Academy and even Lord Byron became one of his pupils. He earned enormous sums of money and was paid as much as &100 for a single appearance. Despite this, he was so extravagant that he was always in debt. After he was defeated by a boxer called Gentleman Jackson, he was quickly forgotten. He was sent to prison for failing to pay his debts and died in poverty in 1836.BBy heartSome plays are so successful that they run for years on end. In many ways, this is unfortunate for the poor actors who are required to go on repeating the same lines night after night. One would expect them to know their parts by heart and never have cause to falter. Yet this is not always the case. A famous actor in a highly successful play was once cast in the role of an aristocrat who had been imprisoned in the Bastille for twenty years. In the last act, a gaoler would always come on to the stage with a letter which he would hand to the prisoner. Even though the noble was expected to read the letter at each performance, he always insisted that it should be written out in full. One night, the gaoler decided to play a joke on his colleague to find out if, after so many performances, he had managed to learn the contents of the letter by heart. The curtain went up on the final act of the play and revealed the aristocrat sitting alone behind bars in his dark cell. Just then, the gaoler appeared with the precious letter in his hands. He entered the cell and presented the letter to the aristocrat. But the copy he gave him had not been written out in full as usual. It was simply a blank sheet of paper. The gaoler looked on eagerly, anxious to see if his fellow-actor had at last learnt hislines. The noble stared at the blank sheet of paper for a few seconds. Then, squinting his eyes, he said: 'The light is dim. Read the letter to me.' And he promptly handed the sheet of paper to the gaoler. Finding that he could not remember a word of the letter either, the gaoler replied: 'The light is indeed dim, sir. I must get my glasses.' With this, he hurried off the stage. Much to the aristocrat's amusement, the gaoler returned a few moments later with a pair of glasses and the usual copy of the letter which he proceeded to read to the prisoner.COne man's meat is another man's poisonPeople become quite illogical when they try to decide what can be eaten and what cannot be eaten. If you lived in the Mediterranean, for instance, you would consider octopus a great delicacy. You would not be able to understand why some people find it repulsive. On the other hand, your stomach would turn at the idea of frying potatoes in animal fat--the normally accepted practice in many northern countries. The sad truth is that most of us have been brought up to eat certain foods and we stick to them all our lives. No creature has received more praise and abuse than the common garden snail. Cooked in wine, snails are a great luxury in various parts of the world. There are countless people who, ever since their early years, have learned to associate snails with food. My friend, Robert, lives in a country where snails are despised. As his flat is in a large town, he has no garden of his own. For years he has been asking me to collect snails from my garden and take them to him. The idea never appealed to me very much, but one day, after a heavy shower, I happened to be walking in my garden when I noticed a huge number of snails taking a stroll on some of my prize plants. Acting on a sudden impulse, I collected several dozen, put them in a paper bag, and took them to Robert. Robert was delighted to see me and equally pleased with my little gift. I left the bag in the hall and Robert and I went into the living-room where we talked for a couple of hours. I had forgotten all about the snails when Robert suddenly said that I must stay to dinner. Snails would, of course, be the main dish. I did not fancy the idea and I reluctantly followed Robert out of the room. To our dismay, we saw that there were snails everywhere: they had escaped from the paper bag and had taken complete possession of the hall! I have never been able to look at a snail since then.初二写作训练（一）一、写作欣赏__________________S pring begins in March. it is a season of freshness and greenness. After the cold dreary winter months we are glad to see the leaves and to hear the merry birds.In the earlier part of spring east winds generally blow, which are not at all pleasant. But when the showers of April and the sunshine of May have caused the earth to be covered with greenness, all is joy and gladness. The trees are then thickly covered with fresh green leaves. The grass of the fields becomes bright, and the common field flowers spring on every hand in profusion. The birds fly about and sing cheerily. The sky is bright and is in harmony with the earth.In spring the days become longer, and children play in the open air until they are quite tired out. Some children go into the fields and gather flowers. This is a very enjoyable way of spending spare time. If we wish to be happy, we must seek the beauties which abound on all sides, and in doing so we shall be made wiser, better, and happier.___________________Summer begins in June and lasts three months. It forms a striking contrast to winter in many ways. Summer includes the hottest months of the year, while winter includes the coldest. In summer the earth is full of greenness; in winter the trees are bare and black. Summer is the time for outdoor sports; winter is the time for indoor games and the fireside. During the summer months the trees, the grass, and the flowers cover the earth with beauty and richness.The farmer cuts his grass, and after exposing it to the warm rays of the sun, he builds it into stacks. Fruits of various kinds ripen in the long summer days, and we think of the coming autumn when they will be ripe.Summer is also a time for holidays. Schools are usually closed for a few weeks that they may be thoroughly cleaned, and that the children may have an abundance of fresh air. Sometimes, however, it is too hot for much exercise, and we then seek some shaded spot until the sun goes down.__________________Autumn begins in September and lasts three months. It is considered by many to be the best of the seasons. Spring is beautiful, but there are cold winds, and vegetation is in its infancy. Summer is rich in many respects, but the fruits are not all ripe, and at times the sun’s rays are too hot to be pleasant. Winter is cold and dreary. But autumn has none of these drawbacks. Flowers still bloom, the weather is mild and the air balmy, fruits are plentiful. In fact, this season seems full of good things.Autumn is a busy time for the farmer. He has to cut and gather his crops. The markets abound with fruit in autumn and the price is low. It is a pleasing sight to visit a large market and see the fruits from different parts of the world.Autumn is also the best time for holiday-making. Towards the end of autumn, however, the cold winds come again, the days become shorter, and the leaves fall from the trees.__________________Winter is the coldest season of the year. The sun never rises very high above the horizon during the winter days. The days are short and the nights are long. The trees and the grass look unhappy, and flowers disappear. The birds seem to sing less cheerful songs. Many birds, indeed, leave here in search of warmer countries. When snow covers the ground, these little creatures have great difficulty in obtaining sufficient food. Children cannot play much in the open air at this season, and they have therefore to adopt indoor games. Sometimes the cold is so intense that we find it difficult to keep our bodies warm. We have to use air-conditioner.In winter, however, there are joys which do not belong to any other season. The keen frosty air sometimes freezes the ponds and rivers. Then we enjoy the pleasures of skating.Spring Festival also comes in winter. Friends meet together, after long absence in many cases. Families are united. Everybody seems to wish everybody else good-cheer. Boys and girls receive many presents. We ought to remember the starving poor at this period一、写作欣赏（1）N owadays in china，many students are the only child in their family. they are the apple of their parents’ eyes or even their grandparents’，so they are free of any house work or menial labor. And moral education is no more than some bookish thing. Students are largely dependent on their parents and teachers.T o educate them to be independent， the most effective way is to let them experience on their own. therefore，they are better to be given the opportunity to get some train at school-to clean the washing room，which can be regarded as part of the moral education.（2）In my opinion，the Internet is helpful rather than harmful as someone else thinks. As is known to all，the Internet is playing a more and more important part in our daily life. On the Internet，we can read news at home and from abroad and get as much information as we can. We can send e - mails or make phone calls to our family as well as to our friends. We can also attend the net school，read many books and even teach ourselves English. We can also enjoy music，watch matches and play computer games on the Internet. We can even do shopping on line. Besides，we can improve our ability to operate the computer.But we should not be given to the Internet，or we'll get our life and study destroyed. Besides，we should keep off the harmful websites. Anyhow，this doesn't prevent the Internet becoming our friend. We can't throw away the apple because of the core，can we？一、写作欣赏（1）Study English，You do need to use English with speakers who are not teachers of English. This isn't easy，since everyone feels constrained speaking English with friends with whom it would be natural to use a shared mother tongue. Joining an English Club is a good idea and joining a club with an international membership （where English is in use at least some of the time） is，for many people，even better. If nothing like this is accessible，you might consider what would be involved in getting something going.（2）There are four key points to study English：listening，speaking，reading and writing.Firstly，we should be brave to talk with others in English. By doing this，we can improve ore talking and listening skill.Secondly，we should try to listen to all kinds of English programmes as much as possible. In this way，we can gradually improve our pronunciation.Thirdly，we should often read English books. When we come across a new word. We should guess its meaning through the contest first. then look it up in the dictionary to have a check. I thin，it is a good way of reading.Fourthly，we should practice our writing skills. Whenever we have any idea，we should get the pen and write it down at once. It is very important to avoid writing in Chinese way and using the Chinese grammar.As long as we listen，speak，read and write more，we are sure to make remarkable progress！初二写作训练（四）写作欣赏根据中文大意和英文提示词语，写出意思连贯，符合逻辑，不少于60词的短文。