初中英语语法知识—名词的知识点总复习附解析
名词考点知识点总结
名词考点知识点总结一、名词的定义和分类名词是用来表示人、事物、地点、抽象概念的词语。
名词可以分为专有名词和普通名词两大类。
1、专有名词专有名词是特指某一人、事物的名词,通常以大写字母开头。
如:Tom, London, Coca-Cola等。
2、普通名词普通名词是泛指某一类人或事物的名词,分为可数名词和不可数名词两类。
(1)可数名词可数名词指的是可以用数目来计算的名词,可以用a/an或数词修饰。
如:apple, cat, book 等。
(2)不可数名词不可数名词指的是无法用数目来计算的名词,通常没有复数形式。
如:milk, water, music 等。
二、名词的单数形式和复数形式1、名词的单数形式和复数形式的变化规则(1)大部分名词在单数后加-s构成复数,如:book-books, cat-cats等。
(2)以s, sh, ch, x, o结尾的名词在单数后加-es构成复数,如:box-boxes, wish-wishes等。
(3)以辅音字母+y结尾的名词,变y为i,再加-es构成复数,如:baby-babies, city-cities等。
(4)以f或fe结尾的名词,变f或fe为v,再加-es构成复数,如:leaf-leaves, wife-wives等。
(5)大部分名词在单数和复数形式相同,如:sheep-sheep, fish-fish等。
2、名词的复数形式不规则变化有一些名词的复数形式没有固定规律,需要记忆。
如:man-men, woman-women, child-children等。
三、名词所有格的构成名词所有格是表示所属关系的一种语法形式,分为词尾加-apostrophe和词尾加-apostrophe+s两种形式。
1、词尾加-apostrophe构成名词所有格若名词以s结尾,只需在词尾加-apostrophe即可。
如:James' car, girls' school等。
初中英语语法名词-初三中考复习均可用附练习及详细讲解
1.名词(n.):名词用来表示人、事物或抽象概念,如:boy 男孩,morning 早晨,duty 责任;在句子中主要作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、同位语、定语等。
例如:The tomatoes on the table are very fresh. 桌子上的西红柿很新鲜。
(作主语)He is a doctor. 他是个医生。
(作表语)We’ll call the baby Mary. 我们要给这个婴儿取名玛丽。
(作宾语补足语)英语的名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。
表示可以计数的事物的名词叫可数名词,一般有单数和复数形式两种形式,但有时两种形式是相同的。
可数名词单数形式可以与不定冠词连用,例如:a book(一本书);an apple (一个苹果)。
可数名词复数形式可以与few,a few,many,several等连用,例如:a few girls。
不可数名词是表示不可以计数的事物的名词,不能用不定冠词a(an)或数词one修饰,并且不分单复数,物质名词、抽象名词和专有名词一般都是不可数的,例如:milk (牛奶);education(教育)。
2. 可数名词的单数变为复数的规则:(1)一般情况下,在可数名词的单数形式后面加字母-s构成复数形式。
例如:book -books pen -pens eraser -erasers(2)以字母x;s;ch;sh结尾的单词,其复数形式是在单词后面加字母-es。
例如:bus -buses box -boxes watch -watches(3)以辅音字母+y结尾的可数名词,其复数形式是把字母y变为i再加-es。
例如:baby -babies country-countries city -cities注意:如果是以元音字母+y结尾的单词则直接加字母-s。
例如:boy -boys toy-toys(4)以字母f或者fe结尾的可数名词,其复数形式是先把字母f变为v再加-es。
中考英语重点知识归纳名词
中考英语重点知识归纳名词阿舍姐姐来了,朋友们,搬板凳,认真听讲,敲黑板,开始讲。
名词( Noun)表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念名称的词叫做名词。
它是中考考查的重要项目之一,考查的题型很多, 有单项选择、完成句子、完形填空、综合填空等, 其中名词的数及名词所有格是中考热点。
阿希学姐15年从教经验教你「课文」+「发音」+「单词」+「语法」+「考试技巧」=〔100%〕通过「考试/考证」→【阿希英语】01名词的数1).可数名词的数:可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。
表示一个人或物用单数形式;表示两个或两个以上的人或物用复数形式。
(1)规则名词的复数形式:①一般在词尾加s。
如:lake--lakes, book--books, pen--pens, map--maps, flower--flowers, ruler--rulers.②以s, x, sh, ch结尾的名词加es。
如: box--boxes, class--classes, dish--dishes, watch--watches③以辅音字母+y结尾的名词,将y变i再加es。
但以元音字母+ y结尾的名词变复数时,直接加S。
如:family--families, baby--babies, boy--boys, toy-- toys.④以o结尾的名词,一般在词尾直接加s。
如: radio- radios photo- photos piano-pianos但在初中阶段常考的三个以o结尾的名词变复数时要加es: tomatoes, potatoes, heroes(英雄).⑤以f或fe结尾的名词,复数形式多数是变f或fe为v,再加es。
初中阶段常考的有9个,如:wife--wives, knife--knives, wolf--wolves, thief--thieves, shelf--shelves, self--selves, life--lives, half--halves, leaf--leaves这9个单词可以编成一段顺口溜来记忆:妻子执刀去宰狼,小偷吓得发了慌,躲在架后保己命,半片树叶遮目光;但也有直接加s的。
中考英语语法专题之名词(含练习及答案)
教学课题名词知识目标:理解掌握名词的概念、基本用法。
目标能力目标:理解和灵活使用名词,根据句子需要使用正确的名词形式。
重点:名词的灵活使用;可数名词单复数变形;名词所有格。
重点难点难点:理解英语里的单复数概念。
过程1.导入2.名词的概要3.课堂同步练习与讲评4.小结---名词的用法5.拓展练习与讲评专有名词名词名词意义:表示人、事物或抽象概念的词。
如:Shanghai,Lilei,desk普通名词国名地名人名可数名词不可数名词团体机构名称首字母大写个体名词表单个的人或者事物集体名词表一群人或一些事物的总称抽象名词表无法分为个体的物质物质名词表抽象概念的词如:Jim,June,China,Harbin.teacher,apple…family,police…water,money…health,friendship…1.可数名词(个体名词和集体名词):有单复数之分A.不规则变化常见的有:单复数同型:man-men,woman-women,foot-feet,tooth-teeth,child-children,mouse-mice... Chinese Japanese people sheep deer fish(中日友好永不变)a Chinese---two Chinese;a Japanese--- four Japanese(英法联盟a变e)an English--- eight Englishmen;an Frenchman---nine Frenchmen (其他后面加s)a German---five GermansB.规则变化情况一般的词以s,sh,ch,x结尾以0结尾以辅音+y结尾以f/fe结尾构成+s+es有生命,+es;无生命,+s改y为i+es改f为v+es例词day-days desk-desksmatch-matches boss-bossestomatoes,potatoes,heroesbaby-babies fly-flieswife-wives leaf-leavesphotos,kilos, 1. Some ____ and ____ will come to visit our school next month.A. Germans; EnglishmansB. Germen; EnglishmenC. Germans; EnglishmenD. German; Englishman2.Look! There are three ______ and two ______ at the school gate. Let ’s show them around our school.A. Frenchman; GermanB. Frenchmen; GermanC. Frenchmen; GermansD. Frenchmans; Germans写出下列名词的复数形式1piece shoe orange lake23456789busbodyboylifezootomatomanGerman foxcitykeyleafpianoherowomanChinese glassenemyholidayyourselfradiotoothfishermanchild wishbabywaywolfphotofootapplesheepC.复合名词的复数变化规则: man 和 woman 都要变 girl 和 boy 却不变1 men doctors boy students 1. They are________.2women drivers girl football playersA.man doctorB.men doctorsC.men doctorD.man doctorsD.常考可数名词knifesecond chance size decisionvoicestomachacheminute mistake shape invitationtastetoothachequarter question invention concertsmellcoldhour problem discovery playexpressionfeverweek idea message ticketintroductioncoughyear suggestion difference sightcelebration1.If you work harder, you'll have another_________ to play the violin at a concert.A. sleepB. chanceC. mistakeD. problem2.-Lily, could you please pass me the_________? I want to cut the apple.-Sure, here you are. A. pen B. pencilC. bookD. knifeE.常见复数标志all/both基数词two...many/someseveral几个a few/fewotherthese/thosedifferentare/were在一般现在时的条件下,遇到复数名词,或代词,动词用原形:we all come from China.1.Those white socks____small.A.areB.isC.amD.do2.How many_____do they have?A.pictureB.picturesC.a picture3.We are_____,but they are________.A.Germans;JapaneseB.Germen;JapaneseC.Germans;JapanesesD.Germen;Japanese4.__________turn green in spring.A.LeafB.LeavesC.LeaveD.Leafs5.Look!The kites in the sky are in different_____.Some are big and some are small.A.sizeB.sizesC.colorD.colors6.I can see some________on the hill.A.sheeps and deersB.sheep and deerC.sheeps and deerD.sheep and deers2.不可数名词(1)不可数名词没有复数形式,不能与a/an或具体数字连用,但特指某物时可以与定冠词the连用。
初中英语语法知识点整理总结(超详细),学霸人手一份
初中英语语法知识点整理总结(超详细),学霸人手一份初中英语语法知识点整理总结一、名词(Noun)1. 名词可分为可数名词和不可数名词。
可数名词有单数和复数形式,而不可数名词没有复数形式。
2. 名词的复数形式:a. 大多数名词在词尾加-s:book-books, girl-girlsb. 以-s, -sh, -ch, -x, -o结尾的名词在词尾加-es:box-boxes, class-classesc. 以辅音字母+y结尾的名词变y为i, 再加-es:family-families, baby-babiesd. 以-f, -fe结尾的名词变f或fe为v, 再加-es:leaf-leaves, half-halvese. 一些名词变化不规则:man-men, woman-women, child-children3. 名词的所有格:a. 单数名词在词尾加-'s:Tom's book(汤姆的书)b. 复数名词在词尾加-':the boys' bikes(男孩们的自行车)4. 名词的用法:a. 作主语:A dog is an animal.(狗是一种动物)b. 作宾语:I like apples.(我喜欢苹果)c. 作表语:The book is interesting.(这本书很有趣)d. 作定语:a car key(一把车钥匙)e. 作宾补:I find the movie exciting.(我觉得这部电影很刺激)二、冠词(Article)1. 不定冠词a/an:a. a用于以辅音音素(consonant phoneme)开头的词前:a book(一本书)b. an用于以元音音素(vowel phoneme)开头的词前:an apple(一个苹果)2. 定冠词the:a. 用于特指某一事物或人:the book(这本书)b. 用于上文已提及的事物或人:There is a book. The book is interesting.(这里有一本书。
初中英语语法复习:名词(含练习及答案)
第一章名词大家好,我是名词家族(Nouns)中的一员,来认识一下我们一家人吧,让我们成为朋友(friends)吧。
driver mouse flowerhouse可数名词police牛肉beef水water不可数名词友谊friendship小玉Xiaoyu专有名词巴黎pairs同学们,观察以上集合,我们能够看出,名词就是表示人,事物,地点或抽象概念的名称。
名词又可分为专有名词与普通名词。
专有名词表示个别的人、地、物、团体、机构等的专用名称,如:Beijing, Tom, the People’s Republic of China(中华人民共和国)。
而普通名词是指许多人或事物的共有名称。
如:pupil, family, man, foot.普通名词又分为可数名词和不可数名词。
可数名词是可以用简单的数词进行计量的名词,如:box, child, orange;又可分为集体名词与个体名词。
不可数名词是不可以用简单的数词进行计量的名词。
如:water, news, oil, population, information .好了,我们先了解这么多,你会很快对我家的每一位成员熟悉的。
加油!试一下,把上面图中的单词填在适当的空格中,相信你一定能填正确。
专有名词普通名词国名地名人名,团体机构名称可数名词不可数名词个体名词集体名词抽象名词物质名词第一节可数名词找一找:小朋友,快来读一读下面的例句,找一找,你能发现什么吗?1. There are lots of tomatoes in the basket on the table.桌子上的篮子里有很多的西红柿。
2.Adeer has four legs.鹿有四条腿。
3. The monkeys are very fat. 这些猴子很肥。
4. Her two brothers are both policemen. 她的两个哥哥都是警察。
5. The boy often brushes his teeth before he goes to bed.这个男孩经常睡觉前刷牙。
中考英语之名词知识点详解及练习
中考英语之名词知识点详解及练习Revised by Jack on December 14,2020名词考纲要求:1.可数名词的单复数,注意其不规则变化。
2.名词量的表示方法,特别是不可数名词量的表达方式3.名词的所有格,辨析其两种不同的形式。
4.在具体的语境中正确辨析名词词义。
命题规律:名词(n.):表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。
如:boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange, happiness.第一节.名词的分类名词分为专有名词和普通名词。
1.普通名词又可分为:(1)个体名词。
如:cup,desk,student等。
一般可数,有单复数形式。
(2)集体名词。
如:class,team,family等。
一般可数,有单复数形式。
(3)物质名词。
如:rice,water,cotton等。
一般不可数,没有单复数之分。
(4)抽象名词。
如:love,work,life等。
一般不可数,没有单复数之分。
2.专有名词:如:China,Newton,London, Lu xun 等。
第二节.名词的数名词有可数名词和不可数名词之分。
而可数名词又有单数和复数之分。
我们要表达两个或两个以上数的概念时,该名词就要用复数形式。
可数名词的复数形式构成有两种:1. 规则变化巧学妙记2.不规则变化①外部变化:child→children, ox→oxen②内部变化:foot→feet, tooth→teeth, mouse→mice, man→men, woman→women单复数同形:Chinese,Japanese,sheep,deer,fish等。
但当fish表示不同种类的鱼时,可以加复数词尾。
③集体名词,以单数形式出现,实为复数:people, police等本身就是复数,不能说a people, a police. the English, the British, the French, the Chinese, the Japanese, the Swiss等名词,表示国民总称时,作复数用。
新初中英语语法知识—名词的知识点总复习含答案解析(2)
一、选择题1.Thanks for the two _______________you gave(给)to me.A.tape player B.tapes players C.tape players D.taper players 2.—Do _________ like going to ___________?—I don’t know.A.woman teachers, clothes shops B.women teachers, clothes shops C.woman teachers, sport shops D.women teachers, vegetables shops 3.With the ________ of society, our environment is becoming worse and worse. So we should do what we can ________ our environment.A.development; to protect B.developing; to protect C.development; protect D.develop; protect4.—Do you know Shanghai is one of _______ in the world?—Yes, it’s bigger than _______ city in China.A.the biggest city; any B.the biggest cities; anyC.the biggest cities; any other D.the biggest cities; the other5.—Why do you get up so early?—Because my home is far from the science museum. It’s ________bus ride.A.fifty-minutes B.fifty minute’s C.fifty-minute’s D.fifty minutes’6.Some ________went to Japan to help when they knew that many ________ lost their homes in the earthquake.A.Germen; Japanese B.Frenchmen; Japaneses C.Germans; Japanese 7.—What does your mother have for dinner?—A.Chickens and tomato B.Chicken and tomatoes.C.Chicken and tomato.8.My mother often________when she was a young girl.A.keep diaries B.keep diary C.kept diaries D.kept diary 9.Look! The Chinese national basketball team ________ a face-to-face interview with their fans in the hall. How excited the fans are!A.is having B.are having C.have D.has 10.—Look.There’re lots of______h ere.—Great.We can make______soup.A.egg;egg B.eggs;eggC.egg;eggs D.eggs;eggs11.—What is your _______, Lingling?—I really enjoy reading _______ stories at night.A.interests; interesting B.interests; interestC.interest; interesting D.interesting; interest12.I’m hungry. I want some _________.A.water B.bread C.toys D.homework 13.The computer is _______________.A.Amy's and Lily's B.Amy and Lily C.Amy's and Lily D.Amy and Lily's 14.—Whose desk is it? Is it the ________?—Yes. It is ________.A.twins'; Liz's and Lillie's B.twin's; Liz's and Lillie'sC.twins'; Liz and Lillie's D.twin's; Liz and Lillie's15.I am hungry. But there is little left. I have to go and buy some.A.sandwiches B.potatoes C.water D.bread 16.—Let's ____________ some salad.—Sorry, I don't like ____________ .A.have; them B.to have; it C.have; it D.to have; them 17.I’m happy ________ a friend of ________.A.to visit, my B.visiting my C.to visit, mine D.visiting, my 18.I want to buy ________.A.a bread B.some breads C.two piece of bread D.two bags of bread 19.Animals are our ________, and we should be ________ to them.A.friend; friendly B.friends; friendly C.friendly; friends D.friendly; friend 20.These aren’t.They’re my brother’s.A.pen;mine B.pens;mineC.pen;my D.pens;my21.________he_______big________?A.Does; has; foot B.Does; have; feet C.Do; have; foots 22.This is ________ bedroom. Jenny shares it ________ her twin sister.A.Jenny and Maria’s; of B.Jenny and Maria’s; withC.Jenny’s and Maria’s; about D.Jenny’s and Mar ia; with23.________mothers work in the same hospital.A.Tim’s and Peter’s B.Tim’s and Peter C.Tim and Peter’s D.Tim and Peter 24.In fact, he didn’t explain the cause the accident us clearly.A.for; to B.of; to C.for; for D.of; for 25.— How much are the __________?— Eight yuan a kilo.A.broccoli B.potatoes C.beef D.bread【参考答案】***试卷处理标记,请不要删除一、选择题1.B解析:B【解析】【分析】【详解】句意:谢谢你给我的两台录音机。
新初中英语语法知识—名词的知识点总复习含答案解析(1)
一、选择题1.In fact (事实上), she ________ ________ many ________.A.doesn’t has; toies B.don’t has; toies C.doesn’t have; toys D.don’t have; toys 2.—Let’s make a banana milk shake.—How many ________ do we need?A.bananas B.cup of milk C.honey3.There are two________ near our school.A.shoe shops B.shoes shops C.shoe's shops D.shoes' shops 4.There is a______ shop and two_______ shops not far away from my school. A.sports; shoe B.sports; shoesC.sport; shoe D.sport; shoes5.—Why do you get up so early?—Becaus e my home is far from the science museum. It’s ________bus ride.A.fifty-minutes B.fifty minute’s C.fifty-minute’s D.fifty minutes’6.This is Mary and that is Kate.______ my______.A.She's; friend B.They're; friends C.They're; friend 7.—What does your mother have for dinner?—A.Chickens and tomato B.Chicken and tomatoes.C.Chicken and tomato.8.Look, this is________ bedroom.A.my father and mother’s B.my father’s and mother’sC.my father’s and mother D.my father and mother9.There________some water in the bottle.A.is B.am C.are D.be 10.These are some photos of ________ bedroom. What a tidy and comfortable room! A.Jerry’s and Jenny’s B.Jerry and Jenny’s C.Jerry’s sand Jenny 11.Look! The Chinese national basketball team ________ a face-to-face interview with their fans in the hall. How excited the fans are!A.is having B.are having C.have D.has12.I’m hungry. I want some _________.A.water B.bread C.toys D.homework 13.—It’s convenient(方便的) to travel from Suzhou to Shanghai by car?—Yes. It’s said that_________is enough.A.two hours drive B.two-hours driveC.two hour’s drive D.two hours’ drive14.When National Day comes, we have a ____ holiday.A.seven-day B.seven-days C.seven days15.— How _______ is it from Xi'an to Dunhuang? — It's less than 3 _______ flight.A.long; hour's B.far; hour's C.long; hours' D.far, hours'16.I to be popular in school, but now I get attention everywhere I go. A.wasn’t used; many B.didn’t use; tons of C.used not; many 17.—What do animals eat?—Some eat_______ and some eat_______.A.meat ,leafs B.meats, leafsC.meat ,leaves D.meats ,leaves18.She ______ her______every evening at home.A.does;homework B.does;homeworksC.do;homework D.do;homeworks19.—May I take your order,sir? —________.A.Chicken with vegetables and two bowls of ricesB.Chicken with vegetables and two bowls of riceC.Chickens with vegetable and two bowl of ricesD.Chickens with vegetables and two bowls of rices20.I want to buy ________.A.a bread B.some breads C.two piece of bread D.two bags of bread 21.—Do you like apples?—Yes, I do. But my son likes _______.A.tomatos B.tomatoes C.tomato D.banana 22.This is Bob Smith. His last name is________.A.Bob B.Smith C.Bob Smith23.________he_______big________?A.Does; has; foot B.Does; have; feet C.Do; have; foots24.He has over 20 years teaching ________. I bet he is quite________.A.experience; experience B.experience; experienced C.experienced; experience D.experienced; experienced25.—What is your _______, Lingling?—I really enjoy reading _______ stories at night.A.interests; interesting B.interests; interestC.interest; interesting D.interesting; interest【参考答案】***试卷处理标记,请不要删除一、选择题1.C解析:C【解析】【分析】【详解】句意:事实上,她没有很多玩具。
九年级英语语法知识点全总结
九年级英语专项复习(语法)名词名词是指人或事物的名称。
学习名词应掌握以下内容:一、名词的类别:根据意义,可分为普通名词和专有名词。
普通名词又可分为个体名词、集体名词、物质名词和抽象名词;根据可数性,名词可分为可数名词和不可数名词。
1. 普通名词和专有名词:普通名词可以是一类人或事物的名称,也可以表示一个抽象的概念。
如:doctor,news等;专有名词是某个人、地方、机构等专有的名称,如:Tom,China等,其首字母一般大写。
2. 个体名词和集体名词:个体名词表示单个的人或事物,如:friend,table等,集体名词表示若干个体组成的集合体,如:police,people等。
3. 物质名词和抽象名词:物质名词表示构成某事物材料的名词,一般是无法分为个体的,如:wool等,抽象名词表示动作、状态、情感或品质等方面的抽象概念,如:air,water,health等。
4. 可数名词和不可数名词:有些名词如个体名词,可以用数目来计算,称为可数名词,如:pen,notebook等,有些名词,如物质名词和抽象名词,一般无法用数目来计算,称为不可数名词,如:news,water等。
二、名词的数:单数名词前通常用a或an,表示数量上的“一”,复数名词通常在单数名词词尾加-s或-es,表示“多于一”。
(一)名词复数的构成:A、规则构成:1. 一般在名词词尾加s;如:day---days,map---maps2. 以s, x, sh, ch结尾的名词在词尾加es;如:class---classes, brush--- brushes3. 词尾为f或fe结尾的一部分把f或fe变为v再加es;【口诀】妻子拿刀去宰狼,小偷见了发了慌,躲在架后保己命,半片树叶遮目光。
wife ---wives, knife---knives, wolf---wolves, thief ---thieves, shelf---shelves, self—selves, life ---lives, half---halves, leaf---leaves还有一部分以f或fe结尾的直接加s;如:roof---roofs,chief—chiefs* scarf---scarfs / scarves4. 词尾为辅音字母+y结尾的,要先把y变成i再加es;如:country---countries,factory---factories,family---families5.词尾为o的一部分加s,一部分加es;如:(1)加-es:两人两菜一水果(*Negro---Negroes,hero---heroes,tomato—tomatoes,potato---potatoes,mango---mangoes)(2 )加-s工作间里有架钢琴,钢琴上有台收音机,收音机旁有幅照片,照片里有动物园,动物园里有竹子。
初中英语语法名词篇(附习题和答案)
中考英语语法令狐采学(名词篇)语法总述:词类、句子成分和构词法:1、词类:名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。
1、名词(n.):表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。
如:boy, morning, ball, class, orange, clock,合成名词:8-year-olds, groun-ups, passers-by, e-mail,2、代词(pron.):主要用来代替名词。
如:who, she, you, it .3、形容词(adj..):表示人或事物的性质或特征。
如:good, right, white, orange, ugly, sweet, far,合成形容词:8-year-old, hard-working,4、数词(num.):表示数量或事物的顺序。
基数词:one, two, three, hundred,序数词:first, second, third,量词:a piece of, two bottles of, three basket of, four bowls of, five cups of,six pairs of,5、动词(v.):表示动作或状态。
系词:am, is,are,半系词:look, sound, feel, get, become, keep, stay, taste, smell, turn,实意动词:have, see , think, beat, walk,助动词:辅助动词构成否定、疑问等语气,辅助东西构成时态语态等。
如:be,do,does,did,will,can,should,may,6、副词(adv.):修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。
如:now, here, often, quietly, slowly, home, upstairs, hard, very, really, 7、冠词(art..):用在名词前,帮助说明名词。
中考英语语法知识点全解读
中考英语语法知识点全解读中考对于每一位初中生来说都是一次重要的挑战,而英语作为其中的主要科目之一,语法知识的掌握至关重要。
在这篇文章中,我们将对中考英语的语法知识点进行全面解读,帮助同学们更好地应对中考。
一、名词名词是表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称的词。
在中考中,名词的考点主要包括名词的数、名词所有格等。
1、名词的数可数名词:有单数和复数之分。
一般来说,直接在名词后加“s”构成复数,如“books”“apples”。
但也有一些特殊的变化规则,比如以“s”“x”“ch”“sh”结尾的名词,加“es”,如“boxes”“watches”;以“y”结尾的名词,“y”前是辅音字母的,要把“y”变为“i”,再加“es”,如“city cities”;“y”前是元音字母的,直接加“s”,如“toy toys”。
还有一些不规则的名词复数形式,如“man men”“woman women”“child children”“footfeet”“tooth teeth”等。
不可数名词:没有复数形式,常见的不可数名词有“water”“milk”“bread”“advice”“information”等。
2、名词所有格表示有生命的名词的所有格,一般在名词后加“’s”,如“Tom’s book”“my mother’s bag”。
如果名词是复数,以“s”结尾的,直接加“’”,如“students’ desks”;不以“s”结尾的,加“’s”,如“women’s room”。
表示无生命的名词的所有格,一般用“of +名词”的结构,如“the door of the room”“the cover of the book”。
二、冠词冠词分为不定冠词(a,an)和定冠词(the)。
1、不定冠词“a”用于辅音音素开头的单词前,“an”用于元音音素开头的单词前。
例如,“a book”“an apple”。
不定冠词表示泛指,指某一类人或事物中的一个。
初中英语语法知识—名词的知识点总复习有解析(1)
一、选择题1.I’m happy ________ a friend of ________.A.to visit, my B.visiting my C.to visit, mine D.visiting, my 2.—Let’s make a banana milk shake.—How many ________ do we need?A.bananas B.cup of milk C.honey3.---- _________ is it from Nanjing to Beijing?--- It’s less than three ___________ flight.A.How long, hour’s B.How far, hour’sC.How long, hours’D.How far, hours’4.People in western countries will get together to eat turkeys and celebrate harvest(丰收)on ________, just like our Mid-Autumn Day.A.Thanksgiving Day B.Christmas Day C.National Day5.—Why do you get up so early?—Because my home is far from the science museum. It’s ________bus ride.A.fifty-minutes B.fifty minute’s C.fifty-minute’s D.fifty minutes’6.Look, this is________ bedroom.A.my fa ther and mother’s B.my father’s and mother’sC.my father’s and mother D.my father and mother7.These are some photos of ________ bedroom. What a tidy and comfortable room! A.Jerry’s and Jenny’s B.Jerry and Jenny’s C.Jerry’s sand Jenny 8.Good food and_______help her_______better.A.exercise; study B.exercise; studiesC.exercises; studying D.exercises; to study9.Look! The Chinese national basketball team ________ a face-to-face interview with their fans in the hall. How excited the fans are!A.is having B.are having C.have D.has10.Thanks for the two _______________you gave(给)to me.A.tape player B.tapes players C.tape players D.taper players 11.—_________ is it from Wuxi to Shanghai?—It’s about ________ drive.A.How long; a two hours’B.How far; a two-hoursC.How far; two hours’D.How long; a two-hour12.Alan usually goes to Harbin in .He likes playing with snow.A.May B.July C.September D.November 13.—The milk shake tastes good .How do you make it?—It's easy, just follow the_________.A.discussions B.instructions C.resolutions D.directions14.—Whose desk is it? Is it the ________?—Yes. It is ________.A.twins'; Liz's and Lillie's B.twin's; Liz's and Lillie'sC.twins'; Liz and Lillie's D.twin's; Liz and Lillie's15.She ______ her______every evening at home.A.does;homework B.does;homeworksC.do;homework D.do;homeworks16.I want to buy ________.A.a bread B.some breads C.two piece of bread D.two bags of bread 17.—Is that your schoolbag?—No, it isn’t. It’s _____.A.her. B.Bob’s C.Bob D.him18.—Do you like apples?—Yes, I do. But my son likes _______.A.tomatos B.tomatoes C.tomato D.banana 19.(2017·甘肃白银、武威·7)“It depends on my ________ decision.” the mother said and looked at her two sons.A.children B.children's C.child D.child's 20.—What're these_______English?—They are________.A.at; knifes B.in; knives C.in, knifes21.________mothers work in the same hospital.A.Tim’s and Peter’s B.Tim’s and Peter C.Tim and Peter’s D.Tim and Peter 22.There are some ________and ________ on the table.A.potatoes; tea B.chicken; sweets C.tomatos; porks D.tomatos; milk 23.When National Day comes, we have a ____ holiday.A.seven-day B.seven-days C.seven days24.—How many________ doctors are there in your hospital?—________ them________ over one hundredA.woman; The number of; is B.women; The number of; is C.women; A number of; are25.— How _______ is it from Xi'an to Dunhuang? — It's less than 3 _______ flight. A.long; hour's B.far; hour's C.long; hours' D.far, hours'【参考答案】***试卷处理标记,请不要删除一、选择题1.C解析:C【解析】【分析】【详解】句意:我很开心去拜访我的一个朋友。
中考名词讲解知识点总结
中考名词讲解知识点总结1. 名词的分类名词分为专有名词和普通名词两种。
专有名词是特指某个人、地点或事物的名词,如人名、地名、商标名、书名等。
专有名词的首字母通常要大写,如:Tom, London, Coca-Cola。
普通名词是泛指某类人、事物或抽象概念的名词,分为可数名词和不可数名词两种。
可数名词有单数和复数形式,表示可以用数目计算的名词,如:book, dog, apple。
不可数名词表示不能用数目计算的名词,如:water, money, milk。
2. 可数名词的单数和复数形式可数名词有单数和复数形式,复数形式在中考考查中比较常见,因此学生要掌握可数名词的单数和复数形式的变化规则。
一般情况下,可数名词的复数形式在单数名词后加上-s或-es,如:book-books, box-boxes。
以-s, -sh, -ch, -x结尾的名词,复数形式加-es,如:bus-buses, match-matches。
以辅音字母+y结尾的名词,复数形式变y为i再加-es,如:city-cities, family-families。
以f或fe结尾的名词,复数形式变f或fe为v再加-es,如:leaf-leaves, wife-wives。
不规则名词的复数形式需要记忆,如:man-men, woman-women, child-children。
3. 不可数名词的用法不可数名词表示一种整体或不可分割的物质,不能加上a, an,不可数名词通常用于表示食物、液体、物质、抽象概念等,如:milk, rice, sugar, music。
不可数名词可以用来表示一定的数量,如:two cups of water, three pieces of bread,也可以用来表示一定的部分或块,如:a piece of advice, a bottle of juice。
4. 名词的所有格名词的所有格表示所属关系,一般在名词后加上-apostrophe+s表示,如:Tom's book,the teacher's desk。
初中名词语法知识点
初中名词语法知识点一、名词的分类。
1. 专有名词。
- 表示特定的人、地方、组织、机构等的名称。
例如:China(中国),Tom(汤姆),the Great Wall(长城)。
专有名词的首字母通常大写。
2. 普通名词。
- 可数名词。
- 个体名词:表示单个的人或事物。
如:book(书),student(学生)。
- 集体名词:表示一群人或事物的集合体。
例如:family(家庭),class(班级)。
- 不可数名词。
- 物质名词:表示无法分为个体的物质。
像water(水),air(空气),paper (纸,作“纸张”讲时为不可数)。
- 抽象名词:表示抽象概念的词。
例如:love(爱),happiness(幸福)。
二、名词的数。
1. 可数名词复数的规则变化。
- 一般在词尾加 -s。
如:book - books,pen - pens。
- 以s,x,sh,ch结尾的词加 -es。
例如:bus - buses,box - boxes,brush - brushes,watch - watches。
- 以辅音字母+y结尾的词,变y为i,再加 -es。
如:baby - babies,city - cities。
- 以f或fe结尾的词,多数变f或fe为v,再加 -es。
例如:leaf - leaves,knife - knives。
但也有一些直接加 -s的,如:roof - roofs。
2. 可数名词复数的不规则变化。
- 改变元音字母。
如:man - men,woman - women,foot - feet,tooth - teeth。
- 单复数同形。
如:fish(表示鱼的种类时可加 -es),sheep,deer等。
- 表示“某国人”的复数形式:- 单复数同形:Chinese(中国人),Japanese(日本人)。
- 词尾加 -s:American - Americans,German - Germans。
- 把 -man变为 -men:Englishman - Englishmen,Frenchman - Frenchmen。
名词的语法知识点总结
名词的语法知识点总结一、名词的基本特点名词是用来指代人、事物、地点或抽象概念的词语。
它的基本特点包括:可数性、性、数、格等。
1. 可数性:名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。
可数名词是指可以用数目标示出的名词,可以有单数和复数形式;不可数名词是指不能用数目标示出的名词,通常只有单数形式。
例如,book(书)是可数名词,它有复数形式books;而water(水)是不可数名词,它没有复数形式。
2. 性:英语名词有男性、女性和中性之分,但在日常用语中很少区分。
通常有生命的名词如father(父亲)、uncle(叔叔)、son(儿子)等是男性名词,有生命的名词如mother (母亲)、aunt(阿姨)、daughter(女儿)等是女性名词,其他名词无生命的往往是中性名词。
3. 数:名词有单数和复数之分。
一般情况下,名词的单数形式用于表示一个人或事物,而复数形式用于表示不止一个人或事物。
对于大部分名词,构成复数形式的方法是在词尾加-s或-es。
例如,cat(猫)的复数形式是cats(猫咪),book(书)的复数形式是books (书籍)。
4. 格:名词还有所有格的概念,表示名词所属关系。
通常在名词后加’s,表示所有格。
例如,Tom’s book表示汤姆的书。
此外,有些名词本身有复数形式,则在其复数形式后加撇号’,表示所有格。
如girls’ book表示女孩们的书。
二、名词的分类名词可以根据其指代的对象进行分类,主要可分为:普通名词、专有名词、抽象名词、物质名词等。
1. 普通名词:普通名词是指一般的名词,它可以用来泛指某类人或事物。
例如,boy(男孩)、pen(钢笔)等都是普通名词。
2. 专有名词:专有名词是指特定的人、地点、机构、组织等名词。
通常以大写字母开头。
例如,Tom(汤姆)、London(伦敦)、Microsoft(微软)等都属于专有名词。
3. 抽象名词:抽象名词是指表示抽象概念的名词,例如,love(爱情)、happiness(幸福)、friendship(友谊)等。
初中英语语法之名词用法和解析
初中英语语法之名词⽤法和解析初中英语语法之名词⽤法和解析 名词意义及⽤法 ble, ice, duck, flag... 这些简单的英语单词,它们的名词意义就算对初学英语者来说也⼀定是⼩菜⼀碟,但⽼外经常把它们当做动词⽤,它们的动词意义和⽤法你知道吗? 1. table:名词,桌⼦;当动词⽤,是指开会时延期讨论提案等,也就是暂缓审议。
(to postpone discussion of a bill or suggestion until future time); 例如: They tabled the motion at the meeting. I made the motion and he seconded it.(我提案,他同意。
) (second 这⾥是动词,意思是赞成;to second the motion 也就是附议) We are tabling this matter until further notice.(我们延期讨论这件事,以后再说。
) 2. pride:名词,荣誉;当动词⽤,是指感到得意或⾃豪。
(to take pride in something)例如: We prided ourselves on our good work. (我们为⾃⼰⼯作的表现⽽⾃豪。
) I have long prided myself on being a good teacher. (我⼀向以⾝为⼀名称职的⽼师?⽽⾃豪。
) 注意:to pride oneself on和 to be proud of 或 to take pride in 意思相近,只是⽤法和后⾯所跟的介词不同⽽已。
例如: They take great pride in her daughter who is now a famous scientist. I am very proud of being a Chinese. 3. carpet:名词,地毯;当动词⽤,是覆盖的意思。
新初中英语语法知识—名词的知识点总复习附答案解析
一、选择题1.—The milk shake tastes good .How do you make it?—It's easy, just follow the_________.A.discussions B.instructions C.resolutions D.directions2.Is it a picture_________ your school?A.of B.to C.and D.with3.—Let’s make a banana milk shake.—How many ________ do we need?A.bananas B.cup of milk C.honey4.There is a______ shop and two_______ shops not far away from my school.A.sports; shoe B.sports; shoesC.sport; shoe D.sport; shoes5.Look at the________on the ground, and it’s telling us autumn h as come.A.leaves B.leaf C.leafs D.leafes6.—I hear your family have made up their ________ to India next month. Have a pleasant journey.—Thank you.A.mind travelling B.minds travellingC.mind to travel D.minds to travel7.—Why do you get up so early?—Be cause my home is far from the science museum. It’s ________bus ride.A.fifty-minutes B.fifty minute’s C.fifty-minute’s D.fifty minutes’8.This is Mary and that is Kate.______ my______.A.She's; friend B.They're; friends C.They're; friend9.Look! The Chinese national basketball team ________ a face-to-face interview with their fans in the hall. How excited the fans are!A.is having B.are having C.have D.has10.Thanks for the two _______________you gave(给)to me.A.tape player B.tapes players C.tape players D.taper players 11.I guess __________bikes are yellow. They have many things in the same color.A.Lucy's and Lily's B.Lucy and Lily's C.Lucy and Lily D.Lucy's and Lily 12.-Can I help you?-Yes. I'd like__________ rice.A.a small bar of B.a slice of C.a large bag of D.a piece of 13.There was no bus in that small town. We had a_______ walk to get to the museum.A.5 kilometers B.5 kilometer’s C.5-kilometer D.5-kilometers 14.—These days, more and more kids have problems with their sight.— They should do eye________and take________every day.A.exercises; exercises B.exercises, exerciseC.exercise. exercises D.exercise, exercise15.--What kind of noodles you like?--I’d like noodles.A.do;tomatoes B.would;tomato C.do;tomato D.would;tomatoes 16.—Is that your schoolbag?—No, it isn’t. It’s _____.A.her. B.Bob’s C.Bob D.him 17.(2017·甘肃白银、武威·7)“It depends on my ________ decision.” the mother said and looked at her two sons.A.children B.children's C.child D.child's 18.These aren’t.They’re my brother’s.A.pen;mine B.pens;mineC.pen;my D.pens;my19.This is Bob Smith. His last name is________.A.Bob B.Smith C.Bob Smith20.Is that your ________?A.a picture B.photos C.photoes D.picture21.He has over 20 years teaching ________. I bet he is quite________.A.experience; experience B.experience; experienced C.experienced; experience D.experienced; experienced22.There are some ________and ________ on the table.A.potatoes; tea B.chicken; sweets C.tomatos; porks D.tomatos; milk 23.That is my ________ and my ________ are on it.A.desk; books B.desks; book C.desks; books D.desk, book 24.—How far is it from here to the hospital? —It’s about ride.A.fifteen minute’s B.fifteen minutesC.fifteen minutes’D.fifteen-minutes25.— How _______ is it from Xi'an to Dunhuang? — It's less than 3 _______ flight. A.long; hour's B.far; hour's C.long; hours' D.far, hours'【参考答案】***试卷处理标记,请不要删除一、选择题1.B解析:B【解析】【分析】【详解】句意:——奶昔的味道很好,你是怎么做的?——这很容易,只要按照操作指南去做。
初中中考英语名词专题语法讲解已归纳画出重点
初中中考英语名词专题语法讲解已归纳画出重点在初中英语学习中,名词是一个非常重要的语法知识点。
掌握名词的使用规则和特点能够有效提高学生的英语表达能力。
本文将对初中中考英语名词专题语法进行讲解,并将重点内容进行归纳和总结。
一、名词的定义和分类名词是表示人、事物、动物、地点等具体或抽象的名称的词语。
根据名词的不同特点,可以将名词分为以下几类:1. 专有名词:表示一个特定的人、地点或团体的名称,如中国、Tom等。
2. 普通名词:表示一般事物的名称,如book、dog等。
3. 可数名词:表示可以用数量词表示的事物,如book、dog等。
4. 不可数名词:表示不可以用数量词表示的事物,如milk、water 等。
二、名词的单复数形式1. 可数名词的复数形式:大部分可数名词在后面加-s表示复数,如books、dogs;以s、x、sh、ch结尾的名词,在后面加-es表示复数,如buses、boxes。
2. 不规则复数形式:有一些名词的复数形式较为特殊,需要逐个记忆,如man→men、child→children。
3. 不可数名词的表示方式:不可数名词没有复数形式,如milk、water。
三、名词的所有格形式名词所有格是表示所属关系的一种形式,主要用来表示一个名词所属的人或物。
在名词后面加-apostrophe和-s(’s)表示所有格,如Tom’s book。
当名词是以-s结尾的复数形式时,只需在名词后面加-apostrophe表示所有格,如students’ books。
四、名词的用法1. 作主语:名词可以作为动词的主语,如Cats like to play.2. 作宾语:名词可以作为动词的宾语,如I like apples.3. 作定语:名词可以作为修饰其他名词的定语,如a bookshelf.4. 作表语:名词可以作为系动词的表语,如He is a teacher.五、名词的辨析和常见错误1. 名词的单复数形式:学生在使用名词的过程中,通常容易将可数名词的单复数形式弄混,特别是不规则名词的变化形式。
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一、选择题1.I guess __________bikes are yellow. They have many things in the same color.A.Lucy's and Lily's B.Lucy and Lily's C.Lucy and Lily D.Lucy's and Lily 2.-Can I help you?-Yes. I'd like__________ rice.A.a small bar of B.a slice of C.a large bag of D.a piece of3.I’m hungry. I want some _________.A.water B.bread C.toys D.homework 4.—Do _________ like going to ___________?—I don’t know.A.woman teachers, clothes shops B.women teachers, clothes shops C.woman teachers, sport shops D.women teachers, vegetables shops5.---- _________ is it from Nanjing to Beijing?--- It’s less than three ___________ flight.A.How long, hour’s B.How far, hour’sC.How long, hours’D.How far, hours’6.There is a______ shop and two_______ shops not far away from my school.A.sports; shoe B.sports; shoesC.sport; shoe D.sport; shoes7.—Why do you get up so early?—Because my home is far from the science museum. It’s ________bus ride.A.fifty-minutes B.fifty minute’s C.fifty-minute’s D.fifty minutes’8.Some ________went to Japan to help when they knew that many ________ lost their homes in the earthquake.A.Germen; Japanese B.Frenchmen; Japaneses C.Germans; Japanese 9.—There are beautiful flowers everywhere to celebrate the National Day, and we have—________ holiday. That means we have seven days ________ for this public holiday.A.a seven-day; off B.a seven-days; awayC.seven-day; over D.a seven-days’; off10.—Tom likes soccer.What club can he join?—He can join the ______ club.A.sport B.musicC.sports D.swimming11.The computer is _______________.A.Amy's and Lily's B.Amy and Lily C.Amy's and Lily D.Amy and Lily's 12.________the________Mike’ s and Jack’s?A.Is, rooms B.Are, room C.Are, rooms D.Is, room13.It's about ten __________ walk from here.A.minutes' B.minute's C.minutes D.minute of 14.—How far is it from here to the hospital? —It’s about ride.A.fifteen minute’s B.fifteen minutesC.fifteen minutes’D.fifteen-minutes15.—_________ is it from Wuxi to Shanghai?—It’s about ________ drive.A.How long; a two hours’B.How far; a two-hoursC.How far; two hours’D.How long; a two-hour16.I share my room ______ a friend of _________.A.to, me B.with, mine C.with, me D.from, mine 17.Here__________.You can see me in it.A.are two photos of my family B.is my familyC.is a photo of my family D.are my family photos18.I to be popular in school, but now I get attention everywhere I go. A.wasn’t used; many B.didn’t use; tons of C.used not; many 19.—The milk shake tastes good .How do you make it?—It's easy, just follow the_________.A.discussions B.instructions C.resolutions D.directions 20.(2017·甘肃白银、武威·7)“It depends on my ________ decision.” the mother said and looked at her two sons.A.children B.children's C.child D.child's 21.A number of________ will take part in the sports meeting and the number of them ________ over 300.A.students; are B.student; are C.students; is22.Is that your ________?A.a picture B.photos C.photoes D.picture 23.He has over 20 years teaching ________. I bet he is quite________. A.experience; experience B.experience; experienced C.experienced; experience D.experienced; experienced 24.There are some ________and ________ on the table.A.potatoes; tea B.chicken; sweets C.tomatos; porks D.tomatos; milk 25._____________ mother usually cooks for ___________ at the weekend.A.Lily’s and Nick’s; them B.Lily and Nick’s; themC.Lily and Nick’s; their D.Lily and Nick; their【参考答案】***试卷处理标记,请不要删除一、选择题1.A解析:A【解析】【分析】【详解】句意:我猜露西和莉莉的自行车是黄色的。
他们有很多颜色相同的东西。
考查名词所有格,根据谓语动词“are”可知这里应该指的是他们各自所拥有的自行车,所以应该用Lucy's and Lily's来表示,故选A。
【点睛】在英语中有些名词可以加“'s ”来表示所有关系,带这种词尾的名词形式称为该名词的所有格,如:a teacher's book.名词所有格的规则如下:1)单数名词词尾加“'s”,复数名词词尾没有s,也要加“'s”,如the boy's bag 男孩的书包,men's room 男厕所.2)若名词已有复数词尾-s 。
只加“'”。
如:the workers' struggle工人的斗争.3)凡不能加“'s”的名词,都可以用“名词+of +名词”的结构来表示所有关系,如:the title of the song 歌的名字.4)在表示店铺或教堂的名字或某人的家时,名词所有格的后面常常不出现它所修饰的名词,如:the barber's 理发店.5)如果两个名词并列,并且分别有's,则表示“分别有”;只有一个's,则表示共有如:John's and Mary's room(两间)John and Mary's room(一间)6)复合名词或短语,'s 加在最后一个词的词尾.如:a month or two's absence2.C解析:C【解析】【分析】【详解】句意:——你想买点什么?——是的,我想要一大袋大米。
A. a small bar of.. 一小块……;B. a slice of一片……;C. a large bag of…一大袋……;D. a piece of…表示一片……。
rice是大米,这里表示一大袋大米用a large bag of rice来表示。
根据题意,故选C。
3.B解析:B【解析】【分析】【详解】句意:我饿了。
我想要一些面包。
本题考查名词。
water水,是不可数名词;bread面包,是不可数名词;toys玩具,是可数名词;homework作业,是不可数名词。