2012年华侨大学宏观经济学期末考卷
宏观经济学期末考试试卷(附答案)
一、[请单击此处编辑题目] (每小题分，共分)一、选择题(本题包含30小题，每题？分，共？分)1．Real GDPa. evaluates current production at current prices.b. evaluates current production at the prices that prevailed in some specific year inthe past.c. is not a valid measure of the economy's performance, since prices change from yearto year.d. is a measure of the value of goods only, hence, it excludes the value of services.2．The steps involved in calculating the consumer price index include, in order:a. choose a base year, fix the basket, compute the inflation rate, compute the basket'scost, and compute the index.b. choose a base year, find the prices, fix the basket, compute the basket's cost, andcompute the index.c. fix the basket, find the prices, compute the basket's cost, choose a base year andcompute the index.d. fix the basket, find the prices, compute the inflation rate, choose a base year andcompute the index.3．Suppose the price of a quart of milk rises from $1 to $1.25 and the price of a T-shirt rises from $8 to $10. If the CPI rises from 150 to 175 people will likely buya. more milk and more T-shirts.b. more milk and fewer T-shirts.c. less milk and more T-shirts.d. less milk and fewer T-shirts.4．Which of the following is correct?a. Countries with the highest growth rates over the last 100 years are the ones thathad the highest level of real GDP 100 years ago.b. Most countries have had little fluctuation around their average growth ratesduring the past 100 years.c. The ranking of countries by income changes substantially over time.d. Over the last 100 years, Japan had the highest real GDP growth rate, and now has the highest real GDPper person.5．Using the production function and notation in the text, K/L measuresa. natural resources per worker.b. human capital per worker.c. output per worker.d. physical capital per worker.6．Index fundsa. typically have about the same rate of return as more actively managed funds.b. typically have lower rates of return than more actively managed funds.c. contain the stocks and bonds from a single Standard Index Classification of industry.d. typically have higher rates of return than more actively managed funds.7．In a closed economy, national saving equalsa. investment.b. income minus the sum of consumption and government expenditures.c. private saving plus public saving.d. All of the above are correct.8．At which interest rate is the present value of $162.24 two years from today equal to $150 today?a. 4 percentb. 5 percentc. 6 percentd. None of the above are correct to the nearest penny.9．Which of the following is incorrect?a. Frictional unemployment is inevitable in a dynamic economy.b. Although the unemployment created by sectoral shifts is unfortunate, in the long run such changes leadto higher productivity and higher living standards.c. At least 10 percent of U.S. manufacturing jobs are destroyed every year.d. In a typical month more than 5 percent of workers leave their jobs.10．Use the balance sheet for the following question.Last Bank of Cedar BendAssets LiabilitiesReserves $25,000 Deposits $150,000Loans $125,000If the reserve requirement is 10 percent, this banka. is in a position to make a new loan of $15,000.b. has less reserves than required.c. has excess reserves of less than $15,000.d. None of the above are correct.11．Which of the following lists ranks the Fed's monetary policy tools from most to least frequently used?a. discount rate changes, reserve requirement changes, open market transactionsb. reserve requirement changes, open market transactions, discount rate changesc. open market transactions, discount rate changes, reserve requirement changesd. None of the above lists ranks the tools correctly.12．A decrease in the money supply creates an excessa. supply of money that is eliminated by rising prices.b. supply of money that is eliminated by falling prices.c. demand for money that is eliminated by rising prices.d. demand for money that is eliminated by falling prices.13．Given a nominal interest rate of 6 percent, in which case would you earn the lowest after-tax real rate of interest?a. Inflation is 4 percent; the tax rate is 25 percent.b. Inflation is 3 percent; the tax rate is 20 percent.c. Inflation is 2 percent; the tax rate is 15 percent.d. The after-tax real interest rate is the same for all of the above.14．In recent years, U.S. net capital outflow wasa. positive and net exports were negative.b. positive and net exports were positive.c. negative and net exports were negative.d. negative and net exports were positive.15．If a country has business opportunities that are relatively attractive to other countries, we would expect it to havea. both positive net exports and positive net capital outflow.b. both negative net exports and negative net capital outflow.c. positive net exports and negative net capital outflow.d. negative net exports and positive net capital outflow.16．On behalf of your firm, you make frequent trips to Hong Kong. You notice that you always have to pay more dollars to get enough local currency to get your hair styled than you have to pay to get your hair styled in the United States. This isa. inconsistent with purchasing-power parity, but might be explained by limited opportunities forarbitrage in hairstyling across international borders.b. consistent with purchasing-power parity if prices in Hong Kong are rising more rapidly than prices inthe United States.c. consistent with purchasing-power parity if prices in Hong Kong are rising less rapidly than prices in theUnited States.d. None of the above is correct.17．Ceteris paribus, if the Canadian real interest rate were to increase, Canadian net capital outflowa. and net capital outflow of other countries would rise.b. and net capital outflow of other countries would fall.c. would rise, while net capital outflow of other countries would fall.d. would fall, while net capital outflow of other countries would rise.18．If a government increases its budget deficit, then the real exchange ratea. and domestic investment rise.b. and domestic investment fall.c. rises and domestic investment falls.d. falls and domestic investment rises.19．Which of the following is the correct way to show the effects of a new import quota?a. shift the demand for loanable funds right, the supply of dollars for foreign exchange right, and thedemand for dollars leftb. shift the demand for loanable funds right, and the supply of dollars for foreign exchange leftc. shift the demand for dollars for foreign exchange leftd. None of the above is correct.20．A large and sudden movement of funds out of a country is calleda. arbitrage.b. capital flight.c. crowding out.d. capital mobility.21．Aggregate demand shifts right when the governmenta. raises personal income taxes.b. increases the money supply.c. repeals an investment tax credit.d. All of the above are correct.22．If people want to save more for retirementa. or if the government raises taxes, aggregate demand shifts right.b. or if the government raises taxes, aggregate demand shifts left.c. aggregate demand shifts right. If the government raises taxes, aggregate demandshifts left.d. aggregate demand shifts left. If the government raises taxes, aggregate demandshifts right.23．n the mid-1970s the price of oil rose dramatically. Thisa. shifted aggregate supply left.b. caused U.S. prices to fall.c. was the consequence of OPEC increasing oil production.d. All of the above are correct.24．Liquidity refers toa. the relation between the price and interest rate of an asset.b. the risk of an asset relative to its selling price.c. the ease with which an asset is converted into a medium of exchange.d. the sensitivity of investment spending to changes in the interest rate. 25．When the interest rate increases, the opportunity cost of holding moneya. increases, so the quantity of money demanded increases.b. increases, so the quantity of money demanded decreases.c. decreases, so the quantity of money demanded increases.d. decreases, so the quantity of money demanded decreases.26．Which of the following properly describes the interest rate effect?a. As the money supply increases, the interest rate falls, so spending rises.b. As the money supply increases, the interest rate rises, so spending falls.c. As the price level increases, the interest rate falls, so spending rises.d. As the price level increases, the interest rate rises, so spending falls.27．An increase in government spending initially and primarily shiftsa. aggregate demand right.b. aggregate demand left.c. aggregate supply right.d. neither aggregate demand nor aggregate supply.28．The reduction in demand that results when a fiscal expansion raises the interest rate is called thea. multiplier effect.b. crowding-out effect.c. accelerator effect.d. Riccardian equivalence effect.29．One determinant of the natural rate of unemployment is thea. rate of growth of the money supply.b. minimum wage rate.c. expected inflation rate.d. All of the above are correct.30．An increase in the expected rate of inflation shiftsa. only the short-run Phillips curve right.b. only the short-run Phillips curve left.c. both the short-run and long-run Phillips curves to the right.d. both the short-run and long-run Phillips curves to the left.二、判断题(本题包含20小题，每题？分，共？分)T 31．If nominal GDP is 10,000 and real GDP is 8,000 the GDP deflator is 125.F 32．International data on the history of real GDP growth rates shows that the rich countriesget richer and the poor countries get poorer.T 33．One of the reasons that African countries may have grown slower than other countries is that many have high barriers to trade.F 34．When the U.S. government is in debt, it follows that they have a deficit.F 35．The future value of $1 saved today is $1/(1 + r).T 36．The market for insurance is one example of reducing risk by using diversification.F 37．Someone who is without work but is not looking for work would be counted asunemployed by the BLS.T 38．Union workers earn about 10 percent to 20 percent more than similar workers who do not belong to unions.F 39．Because of the multiple tools at its disposal, the Fed is precise in its control of themoney supply.T 40．Inflation distorts savings because people pay taxes on their nominal rather than their real interest income.T 41．In an open economy, U.S. national savings can be less than U.S. investment.F 42．If the real interest rate were above the equilibrium rate, there would be a shortage ofloanable funds.T 43．Although trade policies do not affect a country's overall trade balance, they do affect specific firms and industries.T 44．When output rises, unemployment falls.F 45．The explanations for the slopes of the aggregate demand and aggregate supply curvesare the same as the explanations for the slope of demand and supply curves forspecific goods and services.T 46．A decrease in the price level makes consumers feel wealthier, so they purchase more. This logic helps explain why the aggregate demand curve slopes downward.T 47．In liquidity preference theory, an increase in the interest rate decreases the quantity of money demanded, but does not shift the money demand curve.T 48．In principle the government could increase the money supply or government expenditures to try to offset the effects of a wave of pessimism about the future of the economy.F 49．In the long run, the natural rate of unemployment depends primarily on the growth rate of the moneysupply.F 50．A policy change that reduced the natural rate of unemployment would shift both the long-runaggregate-supply curve and the long-run Phillips curve left.三、名词解释(本题包含5小题，每题？分，共？分)51．human capital:52．exports:53．trade policy:54．aggregate-demand curve:55．crowding-out effect:四、简答题(本题包含8小题，每题？分，共？分)56．Why is productivity related to the standard of living? In your answer be sure to explain what productivity and standard of living mean. Make a list of things that determine labor productivity.57．Draw and label a graph showing equilibrium in the market for loanable funds.58．Founders of the Federal Reserve were concerned that the Fed might form policy favorable to one part of the country or to a particular party. What are some ways that the organization of the Fed reflects suchconcerns?59．Suppose that monetary neutrality holds. Of the following variables, which ones do not change when the money supply increases?a. real interest ratesb. inflationc. the price leveld. real outpute. real wagesf. nominal wages60．The long-run trend in real GDP is upward. How is this possible given business cycles?What explains the upward trend?61．Discuss what economists believe is different about the long and short run.62．Suppose that consumers become pessimistic about the future health of the economy, andso cut back on their consumption spending. What will happen to aggregate demandand to output? What might the president and Congress have to do to keep outputstable?63．Why and in what way are fiscal policy lags different from monetary policy lags?参考答案1.b2.c3.d4.c5.d6.d7.d8.a9.d 10.c 11.c 12.d 13.a 14.c 15.b 16.a 17.d 18.c 19.d 20.b 21.b 22.b 23.a 24.c25.b 26.d 27.a 28.b 29.b 30.a31.T 32.F 33.T 34.F 35.F 36.T 37.F 38.T 39.F 40.T 41.T 42.F 43.T 44.T 45.F 46.T 47.T 48.T 49.F 50.F51.the knowledge and skills that workers acquire through education, training, and experience.52.goods and services that are produced domestically and sold abroad.53.a government policy that directly influences the quantity of goods and services thata country imports or exports.54.a curve that shows the quantity of goods and services that households, firms, and the government want to buy at each price level.55.the offset in aggregate demand that results when expansionary fiscal policy raises the interest rate and thereby reduces investment spending.56.The standard of living is a measure of how well people live. Income per person is animportant dimension of the standard of living and is positively correlated with other things such as nutrition and life expectancy that make people better off. Productivity measures how much people can produce in an hour. As productivity increases, people can produce more (and use less to produce the same amount) and so their standard of living increases.The factors that determine labor productivity include the amounts of physical capital (equipment and structures), human capital (knowledge and skills), and natural resources available to workers, as well as the state of technological knowledge insociety.57.Market for Loanable Funds58. 1. The president appoints the Board of Governors, but the Senate must approve them.2. The seven members of the Board of Governors serve 14-year terms, so it is unlikelythat a single president will have appointed most of them.3. The Federal Reserve has 12 regional banks.4. The presidents of the regional banks serve on the FOMC on a rotating basis. 59. a. real interest ratesd. real outputd. real wages60.There are occasional short-lived periods of negative real GDP growth. However, in most years real GDP increases. The years of increase are more frequent and the increases large enough that over long periods of time real GDP increases despite the occasional declines. The long-run upward trend in real GDP is due to increases in the labor force and capital stock, and advances in technological knowledge.61.Most economists believe that in the long run, real variables are not affected by nominal variables. So, forexample, changes in the money supply do not change real variables in the long run. However, mosteconomists believe that nominal variables to do change real variables in the short run.62.As consumers become pessimistic about the future of the economy, they cut their expenditures so thataggregate demand shifts left and output falls. The president and Congress could adjust fiscal policy to increase aggregate demand. They could either increase government spending, or cut taxes, or both.63.The fiscal policy lags are mostly a matter of waiting to implement the policy. By the time the president andCongress can agree to and pass legislation changing expenditures or taxes, the recession may have ended.The Federal Reserve can act to change the money supply quickly, but it may take some time before the effects of an increase in the money supply work their way through the economy.。
高校宏观经济学期末考核习题及参考答案
高校宏观经济学期末考核习题及参考答案1. 选择题1.1 宏观经济学主要研究的是（）。
A. 国家经济发展的政策B. 单个公司的经济运作C. 不同行业的经济模式D. 整个国民经济的运行规律参考答案：D1.2 影响经济增长率的因素主要包括（）。
A. 基础设施建设B. 科技进步C. 人力资本投资D. 金融市场稳定参考答案：A、B、C1.3 以下哪个指标不属于计算国内生产总值（GDP）时考虑的范围（）。
A. 个人储蓄B. 政府支出C. 净出口D. 固定资本形成参考答案：A2. 简答题2.1 宏观经济学的基本概念是什么？请简要描述。
参考答案：宏观经济学是研究整个国家或地区经济体系的总体运行规律和宏观经济问题的学科。
它关注经济增长、就业、通货膨胀、货币政策等方面的问题，研究经济系统的总体运行和调控。
2.2 请简要解释什么是货币政策？参考答案：货币政策是指中央银行通过调整货币供应量和利率水平等手段来影响经济活动和价格水平的政策。
它旨在实现经济稳定和促进经济增长，通过调控货币供应和信贷规模，以及进行利率调整等策略来影响市场利率、借贷成本和金融市场活动。
3. 计算题3.1 根据以下数据，计算国家的消费水平和投资水平，并计算净出口。
消费支出：5000亿元政府支出：2000亿元投资支出：3000亿元国内生产总值（GDP）：10000亿元进口：1000亿元出口：1500亿元参考答案：消费水平 = 消费支出 = 5000亿元投资水平 = 投资支出 = 3000亿元净出口 = 出口 - 进口 = 1500亿元 - 1000亿元 = 500亿元总结：本文提供了高校宏观经济学期末考核的习题及参考答案。
习题包括选择题、简答题和计算题等。
选择题涵盖了宏观经济学的基本概念和影响经济增长率的因素等内容。
简答题要求对宏观经济学和货币政策进行简要描述和解释。
计算题要求根据给定数据计算国家的消费水平、投资水平和净出口。
通过完成这些习题，学生可以巩固对宏观经济学知识的理解和运用能力，为期末考核做好准备。
宏观经济学期末考试试卷1附答案共6页word资料
一、选择题 (每小题 1 分，共 30 分)1．The government reports that "GDP increased by 1.6percent in the last quarter." This statement means that GDP increaseda. by 6.4 percent for the year.b. at an annual rate of 6.4 percent during the last quarter.c. at an annual rate of 1.6 percent during the last quarter.d. at an annual rate of .4 percent during the last quarter.2．A Brazilian company produces soccer balls in the United States and exports all of them. If the price of the soccer balls increases, the GDP deflatora. and the CPI both increase.b. is unchanged and the CPI increases.c. increases and the CPI is unchanged.d. and the CPI are unchanged.3．The price of CD players increases dramatically, causing a 1 percent increase in the CPI. The price increase will most likely cause the GDP deflator to increase bya. more than 1 percent.b. less than 1 percent.c. 1 percent.d. It is impossible to make an informed guess without more information.4．A nation's standard of living is measured by itsa. real GDP.b. real GDP per person.c. nominal GDP.d. nominal GDP per person.5．In 2019 President Bush imposed restrictions on imports of steel to protect the U.S.steel industry.a. This is an inward-oriented policy which most economists believe have adverseeffects on growth.b. This is an inward-oriented policy which most economists believe havebeneficial effects on growth.c. This is an outward-oriented policy which most economists believe have adverse effects on growth.d. This is an outward-oriented policy which most economists believe have beneficial effects ongrowth.6．Generally when economists and the text talk of the "interest rate," they are talking about thea. real interest rate.b. current nominal interest rate.c. real interest rate minus the inflation rate.d. equilibrium nominal interest rate.7．An increase in the budget deficita. makes investment spending fall.b. makes investment spending rise.c. does not affect investment spending.d. may increase, decrease, or not affect investment spending.8．Norne Corporation is considering building a new plant. It will cost them $1 million today to build it and it will generate revenues of $1,121 million three years from today. Of the interest rates below, which is the highest interest rate at which Norne would still be willing to build the plant?a. 3 percentb. 3.5 percentc. 4 percentd. 4.5 percent9．Recent entrants into the labor force account for abouta. 1/2 of those who are unemployed. Spells of unemployment end about 1/5 of the time with peopleleaving the labor force.b. 1/3 of those who are unemployed. Spells of unemployment end about 1/2 of the time with peopleleaving the labor force.c. 1/4 of those who are unemployed. Spells of unemployment end about 1/2 of the time with peopleleaving the labor force.d. 1/4 of those who are unemployed. Spells of unemployment end about 1/5 of the time with peopleleaving the labor force10．Which of the following best illustrates the unit of account function of money?a. You list prices for candy sold on your Web site, sweettooth, in dollars.b. You pay for your WNBA tickets with dollars.c. You keep $10 in your backpack for emergencies.d. None of the above is correct.11．Current U.S. currency isa. fiat money with intrinsic value.b. fiat money with no intrinsic value.c. commodity money with intrinsic value.d. commodity money with no intrinsic value.12．Velocity in the country of Shem is always stable. In 2019, the money supply was $200 billion and the GDP price deflator was four times as high as it was in the base year. In 2019, the money supply increased to $240 billion, the price level increased by 15 percent, and nominal GDP equaled $1,200 billion. By how much did real GDP increase between 2019 and 2019?a. 20 percentb. 4.35 percentc. 2.17 percentd. There is not enough information to answer the question.13．Shoeleather costs refer toa. the cost of more frequent price changes induced by higher inflation.b. the distortion in resource allocation created by distortions in relative prices dueto inflation.c. resources used to maintain lower money holdings when inflation is high.d. the distortion in incentives created by inflation by taxes that do not adjust forinflation.14．International tradea. raises the standard of living in all trading countries.b. lowers the standard of living in all trading countries.c. leaves the standard of living unchanged.d. raises the standard of living for importing countries and lowers it for exportingcountries.15．Which of the following would be U.S. foreign portfolio investment?a. Disney builds a new amusement park near Rome, Italy.b. Your economics professor buys stock in companies located in Eastern European countries.c. A Dutch hotel chain opens a new hotel in the United States.d. A citizen of Singapore buys a bond issued by a U.S. corporation.16．A Venezuelan firm purchases earth-moving equipment from a U.S. company and pays for it with domestic currency. This transactiona. increases U.S. net exports, and increases Venezuelan net capital outflow.b. increases U.S. net exports, and decreases Venezuelan net capital outflow.c. decreases U.S. net exports, and increases Venezuelan net capital outflow.d. decreases U.S. net exports, and decreases Venezuelan net capital outflow.17．At the equilibrium interest rate in the open economy macroeconomic model, the amount that people want to save equals the desired quantity ofa. net capital outflow.b. domestic investment.c. net capital outflow plus domestic investment.d. foreign currency supplied.18．In an open economy,a. net capital outflow = imports.b. net capital outflow = net exports.c. net capital outflow = exports.d. None of the above is correct.19．In the open-economy macroeconomic model, the real exchange rate is determined in the market where dollars are exchanged for foreign currency by the equality of the supply of dollars, which comes froma. U.S. national saving and the demand for dollars for U.S. net exports.b. U.S. net capital outflow and the demand for dollars for U.S. net exports.c. domestic investment and the demand for U.S. net exports.d. foreign demand for U.S. goods and U.S. demand for foreign goods.20．If a government increases its budget deficit, then interest ratesa. rise and the trade balance moves toward surplus.b. rise and the trade balance moves toward deficit.c. fall and the trade balance moves toward surplus.d. fall and the trade balance moves toward deficit.21．Investment spending decreases when the price levela. rises causing interest rates to rise.b. rises causing interest rates to fall.c. falls causing interest rates to rise.d. falls causing interest rates to fall.22．An increase in the price level and a decrease in real GDP in the short run could be created bya. an increase in the money supply.b. an increase in government expenditures.c. a fall in stock prices.d. bad weather in farm states.23．Which part of real GDP fluctuates most over the course of the business cycle?a. consumptionb. government expendituresc. investmentd. net exports24．According to liquidity preference theory, the price level and interest rate area. positively related as are the interest rate and aggregate demand.b. inversely related as are the interest rate and aggregate demand.c. positively related while the interest rate and aggregate demand are inverselyrelated.d. inversely related while the interest rate and aggregate demand are positivelyrelated.25．Which of the following shifts aggregate demand to the right?a. an increase in the price levelb. an increase in the money supplyc. a decrease in the price leveld. a decrease in the money supply26．If the Fed conducts open-market sales, the money supplya. increases and aggregate demand shifts right.b. increases and aggregate demand shifts left.c. decreases and aggregate demand shifts right.d. decreases and aggregate demand shifts left.27．Some economists argue thata. monetary policy should actively be used to stabilize the economy.b. fiscal policy should actively be used to stabilize the economy.c. fiscal policy can be used to shift the AD curve.d. All of the above are correct.28．The lag problem associated with monetary policy is due mostly toa. the fact that business firms make investment plans far in advance.b. the political system of checks and balances that slows down the process of determining monetarypolicy.c. the time it takes for changes in government spending to affect the interest rate.d. All of the above are correct.29．A. W. Phillips' findings were based on dataa. from 1861-1957 for the United Kingdom.b. from 1861-1957 for the United States.c. mostly from the post-World War II period in the United Kingdom.d. mostly from the post-World War II period in the United States.30．Which of the following is true concerning the long-run Phillips curve?a. Its position is determined primarily by monetary factors.b. If it shifts right, long-run aggregate supply shifts right.c. It cannot be changed by any government policy.d. its position depends on the natural rate of unemployment.二、判断题(每小题 1 分，共 20 分)31．The government component of GDP includes salaries paid to Armygenerals but not Social Security benefits to the elderly.32．An increase in the saving rate does not permanently increases the growth rate of real GDP per person. 33．In ten years when you are the owner of a major U.S. corporation, if your corporation opens and operatesa branch in a foreign country you will be engaging in foreign direct investment.34．Corporations receive no proceeds from the resale of their stock.35．According to the rule of 70, if you earn an interest rate of 3.5 percent, your savings will double about every 20 years.36．The value of a stock depends on the ability of the company to generate dividends and the expected price of the stock when the stockholder sells her shares.37．A minimum wage above equilibrium creates a labor surplus.38．According to the theory of efficiency wages, firms operate more efficiently if they can pay wages that are below the equilibrium level.39．The use of money allows trade to be roundabout.40．The quantity theory of money can explain hyperinflations but not moderate inflation.41．In every economy, national saving equals domestic investment plus net capital outflow.42．In the open-economy macroeconomic model, net exports represent the quantity of dollars demanded in the foreign-currency exchange market.43．Although trade policies do not affect a country's overall trade balance, they do affect specific firms and industries.44．If speculators bid up the value of the dollar in the market for foreign-currency exchange, aggregate demand would shift to the left.45．In response to a decrease in output the economy would revert to its original level of prices and output whether the decrease in output was caused by a decrease in aggregate demand or a decrease in aggregate supply.46．John Maynard Keynes advocated policies that would increase aggregate demand as a way to decrease unemployment caused by recessions.47．An increase in the money supply shifts the aggregate supply curve right. 48．Unemployment insurance and welfare programs work as automatic stabilizers.49．In the long run, the inflation rate depends primarily on money supply growth.50．Although monetary policy cannot reduce the natural rate of unemployment, other types of policies can.三、名词解释(每小题 2分，共 10 分)51．catch-up effect:52．depreciation:53．capital flight:54．recession:55．automatic stabilizers:四、简答题( 8题中任选6题；每小题 5分，共 30 分)56．Compare and contrast the population theories of Malthus and Kremer.57．Using a graph representing the market for loanable funds, show and explain what happens to interest rates and investment if a government goes from a deficit to a surplus.58．Which two of the Ten Principles of Economics imply that the Fed can profoundly affect the economy?59．The U.S. Treasury Department issues inflation-indexed bonds. What are inflation-indexed bonds and why are they important?60．Make a list of things that would shift the long-run aggregate supply curve to the right.61．Illustrate the classical analysis of growth and inflation with aggregate demand and long-run aggregate supply curves.62．How does a reduction in the money supply by the Fed make owning stocks less attractive?63．Why and in what way are fiscal policy lags different from monetary policy lags?五、讨论题(2题中任选1题；每小题 10 分，共 10 分)64. Suppose government spends $3 billion to buy police cars. Explain whyaggregate demand might increase by more than $3 billion. Explain why aggregate demand might increase by less than $3 billion.65. In 1939, with the U.S. economy not yet fully recovered from the Great Depression, President Roosevelt proclaimed that Thanksgiving would fall a week earlier than usual so that the shopping period beforeChristmas would be longer. Explain this decision, using the model of aggregate demand and aggregate supply.《宏观经济学》答题纸6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25.26. 27. 28. 29. 30.二、判断题(正确用“T ”；错误用“F ”；每小题 1 分，共 20 分)31. 32. 33. 34.35.36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50.三、名词解释(每小题 2分，共 10 分)51．catch-up effect: 52．depreciation: 53．capital flight:54．recession:55．automatic stabilizers:四、简答题( 8题中任选6题；每小题 5分，共 30 分；答题时请标明题号)五、讨论题(2题中任选1题；每小题 10 分，共 10 分；答题时请标明题号)《宏观经济学》试卷A 参考答案1.c2.c3.d4.b5.a6.a7.a8.b9.b 10.a 11.b 12.b 13.c 14.a 15.b 16.b 17.c 18.b19.b 20.b 21.a 22.d 23.c 24.c 25.b 26.d 27.d 28.a 29.a 30.d31.T 32.T 33.T 34.T 35.T 36.T 37.T 38.F 39.T 40.F 41.T 42.T 43.T 44.T 45.F 46.T 47.F 48.T 49.T 50.T 51.the property whereby contries that start off poor tend to grow more rapidly than countries that start off rich.52.a decrease in the value of a currency as measured by the amount of foreign currency it can buy. 53.a large and sudden reduction in the demand for assets located in a country. 54.a period of declining real incomes and rising unemployment.55.changes in fiscal policy that stimulate aggregate demand when the economy goes into a recessionwithout policymakers having to take any deliberate action.56.The difference is that Malthus predicted that population growth would be greater than growth in the ability to increase output. He believed that people would continue to populate the earth until output reached a subsistence level. On the other hand Kremer argues that population growth increased productivity allowing people to improve their standard of living despite growing population. Kremer argues that with more population comes more innovations. The improvements in technology more than offset any adverse impact of the increase in population on the standard of living.57. As shown in the graph below, the economy starts in equilibrium at point E0 with interest rate r0 and equilibrium quantity of saving and investment at q0. If the government succeeds in obtaining a surplus, there will be more public saving in the economy at each interest rate, and the supply of loanable funds curve will shift from S0 to S1. The new equilibrium will be at E1, with a lower interest rate, r1 and a higher quantity of saving and investment, q1. Hence, if the federal government succeeds in having a surplus, interest rates will fall and investment will increase.Market for Loanable Funds58. 1. Prices rise when the government prints too much money.2. There is a short-run tradeoff between inflation and unemployment.59. Inflation-indexed bonds are bonds whose interest and principal payments are adjusted upward for inflation, guaranteeing their real purchasing power in the future. They are important because they provide a safe, inflation-proof asset for savers and they may allow the Treasury to borrow more easily at a lower current cost.60. Examples in the text (or variations) include increased immigration, a decrease in the minimum wage, more generous unemployment insurance, an increase in the capital stock, an increase in the average level of education, a discovery of new mineral deposits, technology, and removal of barriers to international trade.61.See graph.Over time technological advances cause the long-run aggregate supply curve to shift right. Increases in the money supply cause the aggregate demand curve to shift right. Output growth puts downward pressure on the price level, but money supply growth contributes to rising prices.62. The reduction in the money supply raises the interest rate. So the return on bonds increases relative to the return on stocks. The increase in the interest rate also causes spending to fall so that revenues and profits fall making shares of ownership in corporations less valuable.63.The fiscal policy lags are mostly a matter of waiting to implement the policy. By the time the president and Congress can agree to and pass legislation changing expenditures or taxes, the recession may have ended. The Federal Reserve can act to change the money supply quickly, but it may take some time before the effects of an increase in the money supply work their way through the economy.64. 当政府支出30亿美元购买警车时，直接投资增加警车生产企业的利润，这种增加又使该企业雇佣更多工人，并增加生的。
宏观期末试题及答案
宏观期末试题及答案宏观经济学期末试题及答案一、选择题1. 宏观经济学主要研究的是（）。
A. 个体经济行为B. 产业内部关系C. 市场行为D. 全球经济关系答案：D2. 下列哪种货币供应渠道不属于央行的操作渠道？A. 存款准备金政策B. 开放市场操作C. 货币市场操作D. 贴现贷款操作答案：C3. 当一个国家的货币供应量增加时，该国家的物价水平通常会（）。
A. 上升B. 下降C. 保持不变D. 波动答案：A4. 经济增长率的计算公式是（）。
A. (GDPt - GDPt-1)/GDPt-1 × 100%B. (GDPt-1 - GDPt)/GDPt-1 × 100%C. (GDPt - GDPt-1)/GDPt × 100%D. (GDPt-1 - GDPt)/GDPt × 100%答案：A5. 下列哪种货币政策工具可以用于调控通货膨胀？A. 货币供应量B. 货币利率C. 外汇储备D. 货币市场利率答案：B二、简答题1. 请解释货币的三个职能。
货币的三个职能分别是价值尺度、流通手段和储藏手段。
首先，货币作为价值尺度，可以衡量和比较各种商品和服务的价值。
其次，货币作为流通手段，可以在市场上作为交换媒介，方便商品和服务的买卖交易。
最后，货币作为储藏手段，人们可以将其储存起来，以备将来使用。
2. 请解释通货膨胀对经济的影响。
通货膨胀对经济的影响有以下几方面：首先，通货膨胀会降低货币的购买力，导致物价上涨，减少人们的消费能力和生活水平。
其次，通货膨胀会扭曲资源配置，由于价格上涨，生产成本增加，导致企业投资意愿下降，影响经济的正常运行。
此外，通货膨胀还会引发收入分配的不平等，对固定收入者和储蓄者造成损失，而对资产持有者带来收益。
最后，通货膨胀会削弱国家货币的国际竞争力，影响国际贸易和债务偿还。
三、论述题中国经济的供给侧结构性改革供给侧结构性改革是指通过改善生产力和供给效率，推动经济结构转型升级的一种改革方式。
宏观经济学期末考试试卷1附答案-12页精选文档
a. by 6.4 percent for the year.b. at an annual rate of 6.4 percent during the last quarter.c. at an annual rate of 1.6 percent during the last quarter.d. at an annual rate of .4 percent during the last quarter.2．A Brazilian company produces soccer balls in the United States and exports all of them. If the price of the soccer balls increases, the GDP deflatora. and the CPI both increase.b. is unchanged and the CPI increases.c. increases and the CPI is unchanged.d. and the CPI are unchanged. 3．The price of CD players increases dramatically, causing a 1 percent increase in the CPI. The price increase will most likely cause the GDP deflator to increase bya. more than 1 percent.b. less than 1 percent.c. 1 percent.d. It is impossible to make an informed guess without more information. 4．A nation's standard of living is measured by itsa. real GDP.b. real GDP per person.c. nominal GDP.d. nominal GDP per person.5．In 2002 President Bush imposed restrictions on imports of steel to protect the U.S. steel industry.a. This is an inward-oriented policy which most economists believe haveadverse effects on growth.b. This is an inward-oriented policy which most economists believe havebeneficial effects on growth.c. This is an outward-oriented policy which most economists believehave adverse effects on growth.d. This is an outward-oriented policy which most economists believehave beneficial effects on growth.6．Generally when economists and the text talk of the "interest rate," they are talking about thea. real interest rate.b. current nominal interest rate.c. real interest rate minus the inflation rate.d. equilibrium nominal interest rate.7．An increase in the budget deficita. makes investment spending fall.b. makes investment spending rise.c. does not affect investment spending.d. may increase, decrease, or not affect investmentspending.8．Norne Corporation is considering building a new plant. It will cost them $1 million today to build it and it will generate revenues of $1,121 million three years from today. Of the interest rates below, which is the highest interest rate at which Norne would still be willing to build the plant?a. 3 percentb. 3.5 percentc. 4 percentd. 4.5 percent9．Recent entrants into the labor force account for abouta. 1/2 of those who are unemployed. Spells of unemployment end about1/5 of the time with people leaving the labor force.b. 1/3 of those who are unemployed. Spells of unemployment end about1/2 of the time with people leaving the labor force.c. 1/4 of those who are unemployed. Spells of unemployment end about1/2 of the time with people leaving the labor force.d. 1/4 of those who are unemployed. Spells of unemployment end about1/5 of the time with people leaving the labor force10．Which of the following best illustrates the unit of account function of money?a. You list prices for candy sold on your Web site, sweettooth, indollars.b. You pay for your WNBA tickets with dollars.c. You keep $10 in your backpack for emergencies.d. None of the above is correct.11．Current U.S. currency isa. fiat money with intrinsic value.b. fiat money with no intrinsic value.c. commodity money with intrinsic value.d. commodity money with no intrinsic value. 12．Velocity in the country of Shem is always stable. In 2002, the money supply was $200 billion and the GDP price deflator was four times as high as it was in the base year. In 2003, the money supply increased to $240 billion, the price level increased by 15 percent, and nominal GDP equaled $1,200 billion. By how much did real GDP increase between 2002 and 2003?a. 20 percentb. 4.35 percentc. 2.17 percentd. There is not enough information to answer the question. 13．Shoeleather costs refer toa. the cost of more frequent price changes induced byhigher inflation.b. the distortion in resource allocation created bydistortions in relative prices due to inflation.c. resources used to maintain lower money holdings wheninflation is high.d. the distortion in incentives created by inflation by taxes that donot adjust for inflation.14．International tradea. raises the standard of living in all trading countries.b. lowers the standard of living in all trading countries.c. leaves the standard of living unchanged.d. raises the standard of living for importing countries and lowersit for exporting countries.15．Which of the following would be U.S. foreign portfolio investment?a. Disney builds a new amusement park near Rome, Italy.b. Your economics professor buys stock in companies located in EasternEuropean countries.c. A Dutch hotel chain opens a new hotel in the United States.d. A citizen of Singapore buys a bond issued by a U.S. corporation. 16．A Venezuelan firm purchases earth-moving equipment from a U.S. company and pays for it with domestic currency. This transactiona. increases U.S. net exports, and increases Venezuelan net capitaloutflow.b. increases U.S. net exports, and decreases Venezuelan net capitaloutflow.c. decreases U.S. net exports, and increases Venezuelannet capital outflow.d. decreases U.S. net exports, and decreases Venezuelannet capital outflow.17．At the equilibrium interest rate in the open economy macroeconomic model, the amount that people want to save equals the desired quantity ofa. net capital outflow.b. domestic investment.c. net capital outflow plus domestic investment.d. foreign currency supplied.18．In an open economy,a. net capital outflow = imports.b. net capital outflow = net exports.c. net capital outflow = exports.d. None of the above is correct.19．In the open-economy macroeconomic model, the real exchange rate is determined in the market where dollars are exchanged for foreign currency by the equality of the supply of dollars, which comes froma. U.S. national saving and the demand for dollars for U.S. net exports.b. U.S. net capital outflow and the demand for dollars for U.S. netexports.c. domestic investment and the demand for U.S. net exports.d. foreign demand for U.S. goods and U.S. demand for foreign goods. 20．If a government increases its budget deficit, then interest ratesa. rise and the trade balance moves toward surplus.b. rise and the trade balance moves toward deficit.c. fall and the trade balance moves toward surplus.d. fall and the trade balance moves toward deficit.21．Investment spending decreases when the price levela. rises causing interest rates to rise.b. rises causing interest rates to fall.c. falls causing interest rates to rise.d. falls causing interest rates to fall.22．An increase in the price level and a decrease in real GDP in the short run could be created bya. an increase in the money supply.b. an increase in government expenditures.c. a fall in stock prices.d. bad weather in farm states.23．Which part of real GDP fluctuates most over the course of the business cycle?a. consumptionb. government expendituresc. investmentd. net exports24．According to liquidity preference theory, the price level and interest rate area. positively related as are the interest rate andaggregate demand.b. inversely related as are the interest rate andaggregate demand.c. positively related while the interest rate andaggregate demand are inversely related.d. inversely related while the interest rate andaggregate demand are positively related.25．Which of the following shifts aggregate demand to the right?a. an increase in the price levelb. an increase in the money supplyc. a decrease in the price leveld. a decrease in the money supply26．If the Fed conducts open-market sales, the money supplya. increases and aggregate demand shifts right.b. increases and aggregate demand shifts left.c. decreases and aggregate demand shifts right.d. decreases and aggregate demand shifts left.27．Some economists argue thata. monetary policy should actively be used to stabilize the economy.b. fiscal policy should actively be used to stabilize the economy.c. fiscal policy can be used to shift the AD curve.d. All of the above are correct.28．The lag problem associated with monetary policy is due mostly toa. the fact that business firms make investment plans far in advance.b. the political system of checks and balances that slows down theprocess of determining monetary policy.c. the time it takes for changes in government spending to affect theinterest rate.d. All of the above are correct.29．A. W. Phillips' findings were based on dataa. from 1861-1957 for the United Kingdom.b. from 1861-1957 for the United States.c. mostly from the post-World War II period in the UnitedKingdom.d. mostly from the post-World War II period in the UnitedStates.30．Which of the following is true concerning the long-run Phillips curve?a. Its position is determined primarily by monetaryfactors.b. If it shifts right, long-run aggregate supply shiftsright.c. It cannot be changed by any government policy.d. its position depends on the natural rate ofunemployment.二、判断题(每小题 1 分，共 20 分)31．The government component of GDPincludes salaries paid to Army generals but not Social Security benefits to the elderly.32．An increase in the saving rate does not permanently increases the growth rate of real GDP per person.33．In ten years when you are the owner of a major U.S. corporation, if your corporation opens and operates a branch in a foreign country you will be engaging in foreign direct investment.34．Corporations receive no proceeds from the resale of their stock. 35．According to the rule of 70, if you earn an interest rate of 3.5 percent, your savings will double about every 20 years.36．The value of a stock depends on the ability of the company to generate dividends and the expected price of the stock when the stockholder sells her shares.37．A minimum wage above equilibrium creates a labor surplus. 38．According to the theory of efficiency wages, firms operate more efficiently if they can pay wages that are below the equilibrium level. 39．The use of money allows trade to be roundabout.40．The quantity theory of money can explain hyperinflations but not moderate inflation.41．In every economy, national saving equals domestic investment plus netcapital outflow.42．In the open-economy macroeconomic model, net exports represent the quantity of dollars demanded in theforeign-currency exchange market.43．Although trade policies do not affect a country's overall trade balance, they do affect specific firms and industries. 44．If speculators bid up the value of the dollar in the market for foreign-currency exchange, aggregate demand would shift to the left.45．In response to a decrease in output the economy would revert to its original level of prices and output whether the decrease in output was caused by a decrease in aggregate demand or a decrease in aggregate supply.46．John Maynard Keynes advocated policies that would increase aggregate demand as a way to decrease unemployment caused by recessions.47．An increase in the money supply shifts the aggregate supply curve right.48．Unemployment insurance and welfare programs work asautomatic stabilizers.49．In the long run, the inflation rate depends primarily on money supply growth.50．Although monetary policy cannot reduce the natural rate of unemployment, other types of policies can.三、名词解释(每小题 2分，共 10 分)51．catch-up effect:52．depreciation:53．capital flight:54．recession:55．automatic stabilizers:四、简答题( 8题中任选6题；每小题 5分，共 30 分)56．Compare and contrast the population theories ofMalthus and Kremer.57．Using a graph representing the market for loanable funds, show and explain what happens to interest rates and investment if a government goes from a deficit to a surplus.58．Which two of the Ten Principles of Economics imply that the Fed can profoundly affect the economy?59．The U.S. Treasury Department issues inflation-indexed bonds. What are inflation-indexed bonds and why are they important?60．Make a list of things that would shift the long-run aggregate supply curve to the right.61．Illustrate the classical analysis of growth and inflation with aggregate demand and long-run aggregate supply curves. 62．How does a reduction in the money supply by the Fed make owning stocks less attractive?63．Why and in what way are fiscal policy lags different from monetary policy lags?五、讨论题(2题中任选1题；每小题 10 分，共 10 分)64. Suppose government spends $3 billion to buy police cars. Explain why aggregate demand might increase by more than $3 billion. Explain why aggregate demand might increase by less than $3 billion.65. In 1939, with the U.S. economy not yet fully recovered from the Great Depression, President Roosevelt proclaimed that Thanksgiving would fall a week earlier than usual so that the shopping period before Christmas would be longer. Explain this decision, using the model of aggregate demand and aggregate supply.《宏观经济学》答题纸4.5.6. 7. 8. 9. 10.11. 12. 13. 14. 15.16. 17. 18. 19. 20.21. 22. 23. 24. 25.26. 27. 28. 29. 30.二、判断题(正确用“T”；错误用“F”；每小题 1 分，共 20分)31. 32. 33. 34.35.36. 37. 38. 39. 40.41. 42. 43. 44. 45.46. 47. 48. 49. 50.三、名词解释(每小题 2分，共 10 分)51．catch-up effect:52．depreciation:53．capital flight:54．recession:55．automatic stabilizers:四、简答题( 8题中任选6题；每小题 5分，共 30 分；答题时请标明题号)五、讨论题(2题中任选1题；每小题 10 分，共 10 分；答题时请标明题号)《宏观经济学》试卷A参考答案1.c2.c3.d4.b5.a6.a7.a8.b9.b 10.a 11.b 12.b 13.c 14.a 15.b 16.b 17.c 18.b 19.b 20.b 21.a 22.d 23.c 24.c 25.b 26.d 27.d 28.a 29.a 30.d31.T 32.T 33.T 34.T 35.T 36.T 37.T 38.F 39.T 40.F 41.T 42.T 43.T 44.T 45.F 46.T 47.F 48.T 49.T 50.T 51.the property whereby contries that start off poor tend to grow more rapidly than countries that start off rich.52.a decrease in the value of a currency as measured by the amount of foreign currency it can buy.53.a large and sudden reduction in the demand for assets located in a country.54.a period of declining real incomes and rising unemployment.55.changes in fiscal policy that stimulate aggregate demand when the economy goes into a recession without policymakers having to take any deliberate action.56.The difference is that Malthus predicted that population growth would be greater than growth in the ability to increase output. He believed that people would continue to populate the earth until output reached a subsistence level. On the other hand Kremer argues that population growth increased productivity allowing people to improve their standard of living despite growing population. Kremer argues that with more population comes more innovations. The improvements in technology more than offset any adverse impact of the increase in population on the standard of living.57. As shown in the graph below, the economy starts in equilibrium at point E0 with interest rate r0 and equilibrium quantity of saving and investmentat q0. If the government succeeds in obtaining a surplus, there will be more public saving in the economy at each interest rate, and the supply of loanable funds curve will shift from S0 to S1. The new equilibrium will be at E1, with a lower interest rate, r1 and a higher quantity of saving and investment, q1. Hence, if the federal government succeeds in having a surplus, interest rates will fall and investment will increase.Market for Loanable Funds58. 1. Prices rise when the government prints too much money.2. There is a short-run tradeoff between inflation andunemployment.59. Inflation-indexed bonds are bonds whose interest and principal payments are adjusted upward for inflation, guaranteeing their real purchasing power in the future. They are important because they provide a safe, inflation-proof asset for savers and they may allow the Treasury to borrow more easily at a lower current cost.60. Examples in the text (or variations) include increased immigration, a decrease in the minimum wage, more generous unemployment insurance, an increase in the capital stock, an increase in the average level of education, a discovery of new mineral deposits, technology, and removal of barriers to international trade.61.See graph.Over time technological advances cause the long-run aggregate supply curve to shift right. Increases in the money supply cause the aggregate demand curve to shift right. Output growth puts downward pressure on the price level, but money supply growth contributes to rising prices.62. The reduction in the money supply raises the interest rate. So the return on bonds increases relative to the return on stocks. The increase in the interest rate also causes spending to fall so that revenues and profits fall making shares of ownership in corporations less valuable.63.The fiscal policy lags are mostly a matter of waiting to implement the policy. By the time the president and Congress can agree to and pass legislation changing expenditures or taxes, the recession may have ended. The Federal Reserve can act to change the money supply quickly, but it may take some time before the effects of an increase in the money supply work their way through the economy.64. 当政府支出30亿美元购买警车时，直接投资增加警车生产企业的利润，这种增加又使该企业雇佣更多工人，并增加生的。
宏观经济学期末考试试卷2(附答案)doc资料
一、选择题(每小题 1 分，共 30 分)1．In the United States real GDP is reported each quarter.a. These numbers are adjusted to make them measure at annual and seasonally adjusted rates.b. These numbers are adjusted to make them annual rates, but no adjustment for seasonal variations are made.c. These numbers are quarterly rates that have been seasonally adjusted.d. These numbers are at quarterly rates and have not been seasonally adjusted.2．The price of CD players increases dramatically, causing a 1 percent increase in the CPI. The price increase will most likely cause the GDP deflator to increase by a. more than 1 percent. b. less than 1 percent. c. 1 percent.d. It is impossible to make an informed guess without more information.3．If increases in the prices of U.S. medical care cause the CPI to increase by 2 percent,the GDP deflator will likely increase by a. more than 2 percent. b. 2 percent. c. less than 2 percent.d. All of the above are correct.4．The traditional view of the production process is that capital is subject to a. constant returns. b. increasing returns. c. diminishing returns.d. diminishing returns for low levels of capital, and increasing returns for high levels of capital.5．Which of the following is correct?a. Political instability can reduce foreign investment, reducing growth.b. Gary's Becker proposal to pay mothers in developing countries to keep their children in school has not worked very well in practice.c. Policies designed to prevent imports from other countries generally increase economic growth.d. All of the above are correct.6．Use the following table to answer the following question. Assume that the closing price was also the average price at which each stock transaction took place. Whatwas the total dollar volume of Gillette stock traded that day?a. $912,840,000b. $91,284,000c. $9,128,400d. $912,8407．Suppose that in a closed economy GDP is equal to 10,000, taxes are equal to 2,500 Consumption equals 6,500 and Government expenditures equal 2,000. What are private saving, public saving, and nationalsaving? a. 1500, 1000, 500 b. 1000, 500, 1500 c. 500, 1500, 1000d. None of the above are correct.8．Risk-averse people will choose different asset portfolios than people who are not risk averse. Over a longperiod of time, we would expect that a. every risk-averse person will earn a higher rate of return than every non-risk averse person. b. every risk-averse person will earn a lower rate of return than every non-risk averse person.c. the average risk-averse person will earn a higher rate of return than the average non-risk averse person.d. the average risk-averse person will earn a lower rate of return than the average non-risk averse person.9．The natural rate of unemployment is thea. unemployment rate that would prevail with zero inflation.b. rate associated with the highest possible level of GDP.c. difference between the long-run and short-run unemployment rates.d. amount of unemployment that the economy normally experiences.10．Suppose that the reserve ratio is 5 percent and that a bank has $1,000 in deposits. Its required reserves area. $5.b. $50.c. $95.d. $950.11．Suppose a bank has $200,000 in deposits and $190,000 in loans. It has a reserve ratio ofa. 5 percentb. 9.5 percentc. 10 percentd. None of the above is correct.12．The inflation taxa. transfers wealth from the government to households.b. is the increase in income taxes due to lack of indexation.c. is a tax on everyone who holds money.d. All of the above are correct.13．In 1898, prospectors on the Klondike River discovered gold. This discovery caused an unexpected price levela. decrease that helped creditors at the expense of debtors.b. decrease that helped debtors at the expense of creditors.c. increase that helped creditors at the expense of debtors.d. increase that helped debtors at the expense of creditors.14．Ivan, a Russian citizen, sells several hundred cases of caviar to a restaurant chain in the United States. By itself, this salea. increases U.S. net exports and has no effect on Russian net exports.b. increases U.S. net exports and decreases Russian net exports.c. decreases U.S. net exports and has no effect on Russian net exports.d. decreases U.S. net exports and increases Russian net exports.15．Suppose that the real exchange rate between the United States and Kenya is defined in terms of baskets of goods. Which of the following will increase the real exchange rate (that is increase the number of baskets of Kenyan goods a basket of U.S. goods buys)?a. an increase in the number of Kenyan shillings that can be purchased with a dollarb. an increase in the price of U.S. baskets of goodsc. a decrease in the price in Kenyan shillings of Kenyan goodsd. All of the above are correct.16．Use the (hypothetical) information in the following table to answer the next question.In real terms, U.S. goods are more expensive than goods in which country(ies)?a. Brazil and Mexicob. Japan, Sweden, and Thailandc. Japan and Swedend. Thailand.17．Which of the following would tend to shift the supply of dollars in foreign-currency exchange market of the open-economy macroeconomic model to the left?a. The exchange rate rises.b. The exchange rate falls.c. The expected rate of return on U.S. assets rises.d. The expected rate of return on U.S. assets falls.18．The real exchange rate equals the relativea. price of domestic and foreign currency.b. price of domestic and foreign goods.c. rate of domestic and foreign interest.d. None of the above is correct.19．In the open-economy macroeconomic model, if the supply of loanable funds increases, the interest rate a. and the real exchange rate increase. b. and the real exchange rate decrease.c. increases and the real exchange rate decreases.d. decreases and the real exchange rate increases.20．For the followingquestion, use the graph below.The initial effect of an increase in the budget deficit in the loanable funds market isillustrated as a move from a. a to b. b. a to c. c. c to b.d. c to d.21．When the government spends more, the initial effect is that a. aggregate demand shifts right. b. aggregate demand shifts left. c. aggregate supply shifts right.d. aggregate supply shifts left.22．Suppose the economy is in long-run equilibrium. In a short span of time, there is a sharp increase in the minimum wage, a major new discovery of oil, a large influx of immigrants, and new environmental regulations that reduce electricity production. Inthe short run, we would expect a. the price level to rise and real GDP to fall. b. the price level to fall and real GDP to rise. c. the price level and real GDP both to stay the same.d. All of the above are possible.23．Suppose the economy is in long-run equilibrium. In a short span of time, there is a large influx of skilled immigrants, a major new discovery of oil, and a major new technological advance in electricity production. In the short run, we would expect a. the price level to rise and real GDP to fall. b. the price level to fall and real GDP to rise. c. the price level and real GDP both to stay the same.d. All of the above are possible.24．According to liquidity preference theory, the money supply curve is a. upward sloping. b. downward sloping.c. vertical.d. horizontal.25．When the Fed buys government bonds, the reserves of the banking system a. increase, so the money supply increases. b. increase, so the money supply decreases. c. decrease, so the money supply increases.d. decrease, so the money supply decreases.26．According to the theory of liquidity preference, an increase in the price level causes thea. interest rate and investment to rise.b. interest rate and investment to fall.c. interest rate to rise and investment to fall.d. interest rate to fall and investment to rise. 27．If the stock market crashes,a. aggregate demand increases, which the Fed could offset by increasing the money supply.b. aggregate demand increases, which the Fed could offset by decreasing the money supply.c. aggregate demand decreases, which the Fed could offset by increasing the money supply.d. aggregate demand decreases, which the Fed could offset by decreasing themoney supply.28．If the MPC = 3/5, then the government purchases multiplier isa. 5/3.b. 5/2.c. 5.d. 15.29．If the government raises government expenditures, in the short run, pricesa. rise and unemployment falls.b. fall and unemployment rises.c. and unemployment rise.d. and unemployment fall.30．If the long-run Phillips curve shifts to the left, for any given rate of money growth and inflation the economy will havea. higher unemployment and lower output.b. higher unemployment and higher output.c. lower unemployment and lower output.d. lower unemployment and higher output.二、判断题(每小题 1 分，共 20 分)31．When an American doctor opens a practice in Bermuda, his production there is part of U.S. GDP.32．In countries where women are discriminated against, policies that increase their career and educational opportunities are likely to increase the birth rate.33．Michael Kramer found that world growth rates have increased as population has.34．Suppose a small closed economy has GDP of $5 billion, Consumption of $3 billion, and Government expenditures of $1 billion. Then domestic investment and national saving are both $1 billion.35．According to the efficient markets hypothesis, at any moment in time, the market price is the best guess of the company's value based on available information.36．According to the efficient markets hypothesis, stocks follow a random walk so that stocks that increase in price one year are more likely to increase than decrease in the next year.37．In the United States, blacks and whites have similar labor force participation rates, but blacks have a higher unemployment rate.38．According to the theory of efficiency wages, firms operate more efficiently if they can pay wages that are below the equilibrium level.39．In the months of November and December, people in the United States hold a larger part of their money in the form of currency because they intend to shop for the holidays. As a result, the money supply increases, cerise parousia.40．In the 1990s, U.S. prices rose at about the same rate as in the 1970s.41．According to the theory of purchasing-power parity, the real exchange rate defined as foreign goods per unit of U.S. goods will equal the domestic price level divided by the foreign price level.42．Net capital outflow represents the quantity of dollars supplied in the foreign-currency exchange market.43．If policymakers impose import restrictions on automobiles, the U.S. trade deficit would shrink.44．Most economists believe that classical theory explains the world in the short run, but not the long run.45．Because not all prices adjust instantly to changing conditions, an unexpected fall in the price level leaves some firms with higher-than-desired prices, and these higher-than-desired prices depress sales and induce firms to reduce the quantity of goods and services they produce.46．All explanations for the upward slope of the short-run aggregate supply curve suppose that output supplied increases when the price level increases more than expected.47．Both the multiplier and the investment accelerator tend to make the aggregate demand curve shift farther than the increase in government expenditures.48．During recessions, the government tends to run a budget deficit.49．If macroeconomic policy expands aggregate demand, unemployment will fall and inflation will rise in the short run.50．The analysis of Friedman and Phelps argues that any change in inflation that is expected has no impact on the unemployment rate. 三、名词解释(每小题 2 分，共 10 分)51．diminishing returns: 52．nominal exchange rate: 53．crowding-out effect: 54．stagflation: 55．automatic stabilizers: 四、简答题( 8题中任选6题；每小题 5分，共 30 分)56．Why are property rights important for the growth of a nation's standard of living? 57．Suppose that you are a broker and people tell you the following about themselves. Whatsort of bond would you recommend to each? Defend your choices. a. "I am in a high federal income tax bracket and I don't want to take very much risk." b. "I want a high return and I am willing to take a lot of risk to get it."c. "I want a decent return and I have enough deductions that I don't value tax breakshighly."58．Draw a simple T-account for First National Bank of Me, which has $5,000 of deposits, areserve ratio of 10 percent, and excess reserves of $300.59．What are the costs of inflation?60．Make a list of things that would shift the long-run aggregate supply curve to the right. 61．Illustrate the classical analysis of growth and inflation with aggregate demand andlong-run aggregate supply curves.62．Why do economists think that the wealth effect and exchange-rate effect are not very important factors inexplaining why aggregate demand slopes downward, at least in the United States?63．Describe the process in the money market by which the interest rate reaches its equilibrium value if it startsabove equilibrium.五、讨论题(2题中任选1题；每小题 10 分，共 10 分)64. Assume the economy is in a recession. Explain how each of the following policies would affect consumption and investment. In each case, indicate any direct effects, any effects resulting from changes intotal output, any effects resulting from changes in interest rate, and the overall effect. If there are conflicting effects making the answer ambiguous, say so. a). a reduction in taxes; b) an expansion of the money supply. 65. In 1939, with the U.S. economy not yet fully recovered from the Great Depression, President Roosevelt proclaimed that Thanksgiving would fall a week earlier than usual so that the shopping period before Christmas would be longer. Explain this decision, using the model of aggregate demand and aggregate supply.《宏观经济学》答题纸一、选择题 (每小题 1 分，共 30 分)1. 2. 3. 4. 5.6. 7. 8. 9. 10.11. 12. 13. 14. 15.16. 17. 18. 19. 20.21. 22. 23. 24. 25.26. 27. 28. 29. 30.二、判断题(正确用“T”；错误用“F”；每小题 1分，共 20 分)31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50.三、名词解释(每小题 2分，共 10 分) 51．catch-up effect:52．depreciation: 53．capital flight:54．recession:55．automatic stabilizers:四、简答题( 8题中任选6题；每小题 5分，共 30 分；答题时请标明题号)五、讨论题(2题中任选1题；每小题 10 分，共 10 分；答题时请标明题号)《宏观经济学》试卷B参考答案1.a2.d3.c4.c5.a6.b7.b8.d9.d 10.b 11.a 12.c 13.d 14.d 15.d 16.d 17.c 18.b 19.b 20.c 21.a 22.d 23.b 24.c 25.a 26.c 27.c 28.b 29.a 30.d31.F 32.F 33.T 34.T 35.T 36.F 37.T 38.F 39.F 40.F 41.F 42.T 43.F 44.F 45.T 46.T 47.T 48.T 49.T 50.T51.the property whereby the benefit from an extra unit of an input declines as the quantity of the input increases.52.the rate at which a person can trade the currency of one country for the currency of another.53.the offset in aggregate demand that results when expansionary fiscal policy raises the interest rate and thereby reduces investment spending.54.a period of falling output and rising prices.55.changes in fiscal policy that stimulate aggregate demand when the economy goes into a recession without policymakers having to take any deliberate action.56.Property rights are an important prerequisite for the price system to work in a market economy. If an individual or company is not confident that claims over property or over the income from property can be protected, or that contracts can be enforced, there will be little incentive for individuals to save, invest, or start new businesses. Likewise, there will be little incentive for foreigners to invest in the real or financial assets of the country. The distortion of incentives will reduce efficiency in resource allocation and will reduce saving and investment which in turn will reduce the standard of living. 57. a. A municipal bond, because generally they have low credit risk and are not subject to federal income tax.b. A junk bond. Because of their high risk, they have a high return.c. A corporate bond that isn't a junk bond. Because they have more risk thangovernment bonds and have no special tax treatment, they pay moderate ratesof return.58.First National Bank of MeAssets LiabilitiesReserves $800 Deposits $5,000Loans $4,20059.The costs of inflation include "shoeleather costs," the cost of reducing your money holdings to reduce your inflation tax; "menu costs," the costs of price adjustments; the costs of resource misallocation that result from the relative-price variability induced by inflation; the costs of inflation-induced tax distortions; the costs of confusion and inconvenience; and the costs associated with the arbitrary redistribution of wealth that accompany unexpected inflation.60.Examples in the text (or variations) include increased immigration, a decrease in the minimum wage, more generous unemployment insurance, an increase in the capital stock, an increase in the average level of education, a discovery of new mineral deposits, technology, and removal of barriers to international trade.61.See graph.Over time technological advances cause the long-run aggregate supply curve to shift right. Increases in the money supply cause the aggregate demand curve to shift right. Output growth puts downward pressure on the price level, but money supply growth contributes to rising prices.62.The wealth effect is not very important because it operates through changes in the real value of money, and money is only a small fraction of household wealth. So it is unlikely that changes in the price level will lead to large changes in consumption spending through this channel. The exchange-rate effect is not very important in the United States because trade with other countries represents a relatively small fraction of U.S. GDP.63. If the interest rate is above equilibrium, there is an excess supply of money. People with more money than they want to hold given the current interest rate deposit the money in banks and buy bonds. The increase in funds to lend out causes the interest rate to fall. As the interest rate falls, the quantity of money demanded increases, which tends to diminish the excess supply of money.64. a) 税收减少增加了储蓄的收益、减少了投资的成本，但税收减少对储蓄和投资的影响要视情况而定。
宏观期末试卷A
*********************2011－2012学年第一学期期末考试A卷试卷编号：课程名称：宏观经济学课程归属：文管学科部适用专业（班级）：10国际贸易、旅游管理、信管开卷、闭卷：闭卷是否可携带计算器：是出卷人：学科部主任：――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――注意：答案请写在考试专用答题纸上，写在试卷上无效。
（本卷考试时间100分）本试卷共2页。
一、单选题（每小题一分，共10分）1 、一国的国内生产总值大于国民生产总值，则该国公民从国外取得的收入（）外国公民从该国取得的收入。
A 、大于B 、小于C 、等于D 、不能确定2、长期总供给曲线( )A、向右上方倾斜B、向右下方倾斜C、是一条垂线D、是一条水平线3、根据消费函数，决定消费的因素是A、收入B、价格C、边际消费倾向D、偏好4、投资减少10亿元，使IS曲线A、右移10亿元B、左移10亿元C、右移支出乘数乘以10亿元D、左移支出乘数乘以10亿元5、中央银行卖出债券导致的结果有A、商业银行的准备金减少B、货币供给增加C、商业银行的准备金增多D、货币供给减少6、M1包括A、铸币、纸币、活期存款B、企事业单位定期存款C、外汇存款D、定期存款7、设货币供给和价格水平不变，货币需求函数为M D=kY-hR,则收入增加时A、货币需求增加，利率下降 B 、货币需求增加，利率上升C、货币需求减少，利率上升D、货币需求减少，利率下降8、下面情况中挤出效应可能很大的是A、货币需求对利率敏感，私人部门支出对利率也敏感B、货币需求对利率敏感，私人部门支出对利率不敏感C、货币需求对利率不敏感，私人部门支出对利率敏感D、货币需求对利率不敏感，私人部门支出对利率不敏感9、如果经济处于低于充分就业均衡水平 ,那么,总需求增加就会引起( )A、物价水平上升和实际国民生产总值增加B、物价水平上升和实际国民生产总值减少C、物价水平下降和实际国民生产总值增加D、物价水平下降和实际国民生产总值减少10、其它条件不变的情况下，下列情况( )引起总需求曲线向右方移动A、物价水平不变时利率上升B、货币供给量增加C、税收增加D、投资减少二、判断题(判断所给命题是否正确。
完整版宏观经济学期末复习题库及答案
完整版宏观经济学期末复习题库及答案《宏观经济学》课程的考核要求⼩时（120分钟）本课程采取闭卷考试的⽅式；时间为2 总评成绩的计算依据：％，％；其中期中考试成绩占总评成绩的20（1）平时成绩：占总评成绩的30 5%。
课堂⼩测验（⾄少两次）占5%，作业等占％，以期终考试成绩为依据。
（2）期终成绩：占总评成绩的70 如下表所⽰：平时成绩（30%）期终成绩（70%）总评成绩（100%））期中考试（20%）课堂⼩测验（5%100%70%期终考试（））5%作业等（期终考试命题设计：304030识记部分约占％；理解部分约占％；运⽤部分约占％。
考试题型包括判断、选择、作图、计算、简答、分析论述等。
2第⼗⼆章国民收⼊核算⼀、主要概念国民⽣产总值(GNP)、国内⽣产总值(GDP)、名义国内⽣产总值和实际国内⽣产总值、最终产品和中间产品、总投资和净投资、重置投资、存货投资、政府购买和政府转移⽀付、净出⼝、间接税、国民⽣产净值、国民收⼊、个⼈收⼊、个⼈可⽀配收⼊、储蓄⼀投资恒等式。
⼆、单项选择题1、下列哪—项不列⼊国内⽣产总值的核算中( )A、出⼝到国外的⼀批货物B、政府发放给贫困家庭的救济⾦C、经纪⼈从旧房买卖中收取的佣⾦D、保险公司收到的家庭财产保险费2、“⾯粉是中间产品”这⼀命题( )0A、⼀定是对的B、⼀定是不对的C、可能对，也可能不对D、以上三种说法全对3、下列哪⼀项计⼊GDP 中? ( )A、购买⼀辆⽤过的旧⾃⾏车B、购买普通股票C、汽车制造⼚买进10吨钢板D、银⾏向某企业收取⼀笔贷款利息4、某国的资本品存量在年初为10000亿美元，本年度⽣产了2500亿美元的资本品，资本消耗折旧为2000亿美元，则该国在本年度的总投资和净投资分别是( )A、2500亿美元和500亿美元B、12500亿美元和10500亿美元C、2500亿美元和2000亿美元D、7500亿美元和8000亿美元5、以下正确的统计恒等式为( )A、投资= 储蓄B、投资= 消费C、储蓄= 消费D、总⽀出- 投资= 总收⼊- 储蓄6、下列项⽬中，( ) 不是要素收⼊A、总统薪⽔B、股息C、公司对灾区的捐献D、银⾏存款者取得的利息7、以下( ) 不能计⼊国内⽣产总值A、企业的库存B、家庭主妇的家务劳务折合成的收⼊C、拍卖毕加索作品的收⼊D、为他⼈提供服务所得收⼊8、安徽民⼯在南京打⼯所得收⼊应该计⼊到当年( ) 中A、安徽的国内⽣产总值(GDP)B、安徽的国民收⼊(NI)C、南京的国民⽣产总值(GNP)D、南京的国内⽣产总值(GDP)9、通货膨胀时，GNP价格矫正指数( )A、⼤于1B、⼩于IC、⼤于0D、⼩于010、⼀国的国内⽣产总值⼩于国民⽣产总值，说明该国公民从外国取得的收⼊( ) 外国公民从该国取得的收⼊A、⼤于B、⼩于C、等于D、可能⼤于也可能⼩于11、如果：消费额= 6亿元，投资额= 1亿元，间接税= 1亿元，政府⽤于商品和劳务的⽀出额= 1．5亿元，出⼝额= 2亿元，进⼝额= 1．8亿元，则( )A、NNP = 8．7亿元B、GDP = 7．7亿元3C、GDP = 8．7亿元D、NNP = 5亿元12、⽤收⼊法计算的GDP等于( )A、消费+投资+政府⽀出+净出B、⼯资+利息+租⾦+利润+间接税C、⼯资+利息+中间产品成本+间接税+利润D、⼯资+利息+租⾦+利润+间接税+折旧13、如果当期价格⽔平低于基期价格⽔平，那么( )A、实际GDP等于名义GDPB、实际GDP⼩于名义GDPC、实际GDP与名义GDP 相同D、实际GDP⼤于名义GDP14、如果钢铁、油漆、绝缘材料以及所有⽤来制造⼀个电烤炉的原料价值在计算GDP时都包括进去了，那么这种衡量⽅法( )A、因各种原料都进⼊市场交易，所以衡量是正确的。
宏观经济学期末复习试题库
第十二章国民收入核算一、单项选择题1.一国的国生产总值（GDP）（）A.是指一定时期（通常为一年）在该国境生产的全部最终产品和劳务货币价值总和B.是指一定时期（通常为一年）该国的国民（无论在哪里居住）生产的全部最终产品和劳务货币价值总和C.等于C、In、Ss Xn的总和D.在数值上总是低于GNP2.一国的国民生产总值（GNP）（）A.是指一定时期（通常为一年）在该国境生产的全部最终产品和劳务的货币价值总和B.是指一定时期（通常为一年）该国的国民（无论在哪里居住）生产的全部最终产品和劳务货币价值总和C.等于C、S、G、和Xn的总和D.在数值上总是低于GDP3.一国的GDP和GNP之间的主要区别在于GDP包括（）A.外国要素所有者在该国获得的净要素报酬B.固定资本消费C.转移支付D.政府购买支出4.在哪种情况下，GDP会等于GNP?（）A.转移支付为零时B.固定资本消费为零时C.外国要素所有者在该国获得的净要素报酬为时D.个人税收为零时5.假定强支付1000元给王刚，则（）A.可以肯定国生产总值（GDP）增加了1000元B.可以肯定国生产总值（GDP）增加了，但无法确定增加的数量C.可以肯定名义国生产总值增加了，但无法确定实际国生产总值是增加还是减少D.据已知信息无法确定国生产总值是否发生变化6.进行国民收入核算时怎样避免重复计算？（）A.在计算时包括转移支付B.中间产品和最终产品都计算在C.只计算最终产品和劳务D.只计算中间产品7.将一国经济中所有市场交易的货币价值进行加总（）A.会得到生产过程中所使用的全部资源的市场价值8.所获得的数值可能大于、小于或等于GDP的值C.会得到经济中的新增价值总和D.会得到国生产总值、8.老师在家里后院自己种菜供自家食用，这种活动（）A.不计算在GDP之，是为了避免重复计算8.不计算在GDP之，因为这里包含了中间产品C.计算在GDP之，因为它反映了生产活动D.具有生产性，但不计算在GDP之，因为没有市场交易发生9.可以将哪几项加总求得GDP?（）A.消费、投资、政府购买支出、出口和进口B.国私人总投资、政府购买支出、消费和净出口C.消费、投资、工资和租金D.消费、投资、政府购买支出和进口10.净出口是指（）A.输往其他国家用于消费和投资的物品B.出口加进口C.出口减去进口D.进口减去出口一H.国私人总投资是指（）A.私人投资加上公共投资B.净投资加上资本折旧C.经过按物价变动幅度调整之后的净投资D.净投资加上净出口12.在核算国民收入时下列哪一项会被计入“投资”项目（）A.购买私人用汽车B.购买新房屋C.购买公司债券D.购买金币13.在经济学的定义中，投资包括（）A.任何企业存货的增加B.储蓄上的现金增加C.购买普通股票或优先股票D.购买耐用品，如汽车、冰箱等14.根据国民收入核算中的定义，投资是指（）A.企业用于购置机器设备的支出B.所有建筑C.企业存货的变动D.以上都是15.要核算GDP时，政府转移支付（例如社会保障支出或失业救济等）是（）A.计入GDP中的B.投资支出C.计作政府购买支出D.计作消费支出16.在核算GDP时，转移支付（）A.不计入是因为它们仅仅反映通货膨胀水平B.不计入是因为它们不具有“生产性”C.计入是因为它们属于投资支出的一部分D.计入是因为它们增加了接受者的支出17. GDP与NDP的区别在于A.GDP计算的是总出口，而NDP计算的是净出口B.GDP包括企业税，而NDP不包括企业税C.在计算GDP时计入的是净投资而计算NDP时计入的是总投资D.在计算GDP时计入的是总投资而计算NDP时计入的是净投资18.如果折旧高于当年私人总投资，则说明（）A.名义GDP上升，但实际GDP下降B.投资是负的C.该经济中的进口大于出口D.经济在扩19.在哪种情况下，一国经济在扩大其资本品的存量？（）A.当净投资高于总投资时B.当资本折旧高于总投资时C.当总投资高于资本折旧时D,当总投资为正时20.如果某年的国私人总投资为1200亿元，净投资为650亿元，则该年度该国的资本存量（）A.可能增加也可能减少B.增加550亿元C.减少550亿元D.增加650亿元21.根据以下数据做21-23题：（单位：亿元）个人所得税400社会保障税150企业间接税200公司所得税400转移支付220出口240进口220未分配公司利润350政府购买支出900国私人总投资750个人消费支出2500国私人净投资500外国生产要素的净收入100根据以上数据，GDP应为（）A. 3900 亿元；B. 4170 亿元；C. 4920 亿元；D. 3920 亿元22.根据以上数据，NDP应为（）A. 3700彳乙元；B. 4870亿元;C. 3920彳乙元；D. 4170亿元23.根据以上数据NI应为（）A. 3620彳乙元；B. 3720彳乙元；C. 3640彳乙元；D. 4670亿元24.根据以下数据做24-26题（单位：亿元）总投资：180国民收入：1000净出口：20个人收入：850个人消费支出：700储蓄：50政府购买支出：200国生产净值：1050根据以上数据，该经济中的国生产总值（GDP）应为（）A. 1000 亿元；B. 950 亿元C. 1100 亿元；D. 1070 亿元25.根据以上数据，资本折旧应为（）A. 100亿元；B. 50亿元；C. 20亿元；D. 30亿元26.根据以上数据，个人可支配收入应为（）A. 830 亿元；B. 770 亿元；C. 730 亿元；D. 750 亿元27.根据以下数据做27-30题（单位：亿元）国私人总投资460出口90 个人储蓄100个人可支配收入1900进口120固定资本消费520 外国要素净收入100红利130政府购买支出840 企业间接税220 个人所得税380社会保障税230根据以上数据，国生产总值（GDP）应为（）A. 3260 亿元；B. 2820 亿元；C. 3070 亿；D. 3130 亿元28.根据以上数据，国生产净值（NDP）应为（）A. 2230 亿元;B. 2550 亿元;C. 2300 彳乙；D. 3480 彳乙元29.根据以上数据，国民收入（NI）应为（）A. 2230 亿元；B. 2490 亿元；C. 2080 亿；D. 3460 亿元30.根据以上数据，个人收入（PI）应为（）A. 1840 亿元；B. 2210 亿元；C. 2020 亿；D. 2280 亿元31. “增值”是指（）A.GDP中因通货膨胀而相对于实际产出增加的价值部分B.一国出口超过进口的部分C.总投资超过净投资的部分D.企业从其他主体手中购入投入品的价值与其产出的价值之间的差额部分32.将某产品各生产阶段的增值加总，可以得到（）A.该产品的价格B.该产品生产所产生的总收入C.该产品的全部成本（包括正常利润）D,以上都是33.如果一国经济中的外国要素净收入为零，则国民收入（NI）、企业间接税和固定资本消费（折旧）的总和等于（）A.国生产净值（NDP）B.国生产总值（GDP）C.个人可支配收入（DI）D.个人收入（PI）34.在下述指标中哪一个包含转移支付？（）A. NIB. PIC. NDPD. GDP35. GDP平减指数（）A.其考察围包括一国国生产的所有产品B.和消费品价格指数相同C.是生产品价格指数的另一种称呼D.所包含的产品和劳务比消费价格指数少36.即使出现下述哪种情况，价格指数仍可能上升？（）A.经济中某些产品的价格下降B.名义GDP下降c.实际GDP下降D.发生以上所有的任何一种情况37.实际GDP衡量的是（）A.以计算期价格计算的计算期的总产出B.以基期价格计算的计算期的总产出C.以计算期价格计算的基期的总产出D.以上都不是38.如果某年的实际GDP为8000亿元而名义GDP为24000 亿元，则该年的价格指数为（）A. 100B. 200C. 240D. 30039.假定以当年（计算期）价格计算，1985和1993年的GDP 分别为3600亿元和4500亿元，而1985年和1993年的价格指数分别为120和125（以1980年=100）;则由此可知从1985至1993年实际GDP （）A.增加了大约600亿元B,减少了大约320亿元C.增加了大约1000亿元D.增加了大约940亿元40.如果名义GDP增加，贝（）A.价格水平肯定上升了B.实际GDP必然减少C.实际GDP可能增加也可能减少D.实际GDP也必然增加41.如果某年某国的名义GDP是2800亿元，实际GDP是1600元，则该年的GDP平减指数为（）A. 175B. 160C. 280D. 5742.如果实际GDP增加且价格指数上升，则（）A. GDP的增长率必然小于价格水平的上涨率B.名义GDP可能增加也可能减少C.名义GDP必然增加D.名义GDP必然减少43.人们批评GDP指标不能精确衡量经济福利水平是因为（）A.它未将收入分配状况的变化考虑在B.它未将产品质量的提高考虑在C.它未将经济活动给环境带来的负面影响考虑在D.以上都可能是二、判断题1.使用支出法核算GDP,衡量投资支出时应使用净投资指标而不是总投资指标。
《宏观经济学》课程期末试卷B卷(附参考答案)
厦门大学《宏观经济学》课程试卷经济 学院―2011 — 年级 各 _______ 专业主考教师：试卷类型：（B 卷）姓名： 学号【注意：答案按序号写在答题纸上，答毕后试题与答题纸一并上交】 、单项选择（每题1分，共20分）1 •国内生产总值是指一国在一定时期内生产的 _________ 的市场价值。
A .产品和劳务 B .最终产品和劳务 C.中间产品和劳务D .所有产品和劳务8. ______________ 若名义货币供给量增长了 6%,物价水平上涨了 4%,产出增长了 3%,根据货币数量论方程式，货币流 通速度 。
A. 增加了 13% B.增加了 7% C.增加了 3% D.增加了 1%9•贸易赤字不能通过以下哪种方式融资 ________ A. 向外国人借款C.向外国人出售国内居民拥有的资产10•若中央银行在政府增税的同时减少货币供给，则 A. 利率必然上升 B.利率必然下降C.均衡收入必然上升D.均衡收入必然下降11. ___________________ 自然失业率 。
2.下列哪几项计入当年的 GDP? ______A .购买一辆旧车C .蛋糕厂购入的5吨面粉 3•如果货币供给增加，那么在 A.LM;左C.IS 左 B.购买1000元股票D.银行从企业获得的贷款利息 IS-LM 分析框架中 ____________ 曲线会向 ___________ 移动。
B 丄M ;右 D.IS ;右 4.在凯恩斯交叉中，乘数的重要性依赖于 _______________A.投资函数的斜率B.实际利率C.实际货币供给的增加D.消费函数的斜率 5. 中央银行在公开市场上买进政府证券的结果将是 A.银行存款增加C.公众手里的货币增加 6. 在宏观经济学理论中，短期与长期的关键差别在于 A.消费行为 B.投资行为 C.价格行为 B.市场利率上升D.以上都不是D.储蓄行为 7•当一国储蓄率提高并达到新的稳态后，该国 _____________ 。
宏观期末考卷(终极版)
1、GDP定义及组成部分
2、至少写出7个经济学原理
3、计算：（1）计算A. 计算2011年的名义GDP
B. 计算2012年真实GDP
C. 计算2013年的GDP平减指数
2011（基年) 2012 2013
P Q P Q P Q
物品A $30 900 $31 1,000 $36 1050
物品B $100 192 $102 200 $100 205
（2）CPI篮子：
{10 磅牛肉, 20 磅鸡肉}
以2011年为基年
牛肉价格鸡肉价格
2011 $4 $4
2012 $5 $5
2013 $9 $6
A. 计算2012年的CPI
B. 2012年到2013年以CPI计算的通货膨胀率是多少？
4、写出长期经济增长函数
5、论述：至少600字，任选一题.
（1）根据长期经济增长函数论述贵州省发展的公共政策
（2）评论当前中国宏观经济形势并提出解决对策
6、假定GDP等于10万亿美元
消费等于6.5万亿美元
政府支出为2万亿美元
预算赤字3千亿美元
计算公共储蓄，税收，私人储蓄，国民储蓄和投资
特别注意：切勿抄袭，一经发现，雷同卷一律以零分处理
周二班6月3日交周四班6月5日交过时不候！！！！！。
宏观期末考试题及答案
宏观期末考试题及答案一、名词解释（每题5分，共20分）1. 国民生产总值（GNP）2. 通货膨胀3. 货币政策4. 财政政策二、简答题（每题10分，共40分）1. 请简述凯恩斯经济学的主要观点。
2. 什么是边际效用递减规律？3. 请解释什么是“菲利普斯曲线”。
4. 什么是“供给侧改革”？三、计算题（每题15分，共30分）1. 某国2019年的GDP为1000亿元，2020年的GDP为1100亿元。
请计算该国2020年的GDP增长率。
2. 假设一个国家的货币供应量为1000亿元，货币流通速度为2，实际GDP为1500亿元，计算该国的名义GDP。
四、论述题（每题20分，共20分）1. 论述在经济全球化背景下，一国的宏观经济政策如何影响其他国家。
五、案例分析题（每题30分，共30分）1. 请分析2008年全球金融危机对全球经济的影响，并讨论各国政府采取的应对措施。
答案：一、名词解释1. 国民生产总值（GNP）：指一个国家在一定时期内，其居民和企业在国内外生产的所有最终产品和服务的市场价值总和。
2. 通货膨胀：货币购买力下降，一般物价水平持续上升的经济现象。
3. 货币政策：中央银行通过控制货币供应量、利率等手段，影响经济活动，以实现经济增长、物价稳定等宏观经济目标的政策。
4. 财政政策：政府通过调整税收、政府支出等手段，影响经济活动，以实现经济增长、物价稳定等宏观经济目标的政策。
二、简答题1. 凯恩斯经济学的主要观点是，在经济衰退时，政府应通过增加公共支出和减税等手段刺激总需求，以减少失业和促进经济增长。
2. 边际效用递减规律指的是，随着消费者消费某种商品数量的增加，该商品的边际效用（即每增加一单位商品带来的额外满足）会逐渐减少。
3. 菲利普斯曲线描述的是失业率与通货膨胀率之间的反向关系，即在短期内，失业率的降低往往伴随着通货膨胀率的上升。
4. 供给侧改革是指通过改善供给条件，提高生产效率，促进经济结构优化升级，以实现经济的持续健康发展。
宏观经济学期末试卷习题包括答案.docx
一、 1、在一般情况下，国民收入核算体系中数值最小的是：A、国内生产净值B、个人收入C、个人可支配收入D、国民收入E、国内生产总值2、下列哪一项应计入GDP中：A、面包厂购买的面粉B、购买 40 股股票C、家庭主妇购买的面粉D、购买政府债券E、以上各项都不应计入。
3、计入 GDP的有：A、家庭主妇的家务劳动折算合成的收入B、拍卖毕加索作品的收入C、出神股票的收入D、晚上为邻居照看儿童的收入E、从政府那里获得的困难补助收入4、在下列各项中，属于经济中的注入因素是A、投资；B、储蓄；C、净税收；D、进口。
5、政府支出乘数A、等于投资乘数B、比投资乘数小1C、等于投资乘数的相反数D、等于转移支付乘数E、以是说法都不正确6、在以下情况中，投资乘数最大的是A、边际消费倾向为；B、边际储蓄倾向为；C、边际储蓄倾向为；7、国民消费函数为D 、边际储蓄倾向为。
C=80+，如果消费增加100 亿元，国民收入A、增加 100 亿元；B、减少 100 亿元；C、增加 500 亿元；D、减少 500 亿元。
8、如果政府支出增加A、对 IS 曲线无响应B、 IS 曲线向右移动C、 IS 曲线向左移动D、以上说法都不正确9、政府税收的增加将A、对 IS 曲线无响应B、 IS 曲线向右移动C、 IS 曲线向左移动D、以上说法都不正确10、位于 IS 曲线左下方的收入与利率的组合，都是A、投资大于储蓄；B、投资小于储蓄；C 、投资等于储蓄；D 、无法确定。
11、当经济中未达到充分就业时，如果 LM 曲线不变，政府支出增加会导致A 、 收入增加、利率上升 ； B 、收入增加、利率下降； C 、收入减少、利率上升； D 、收入减少、利率下降。
12、一般地，在 IS 曲线不变时，货币供给减少会导致 A 、收入增加、利率上升； B 、收入增加、利率下降；C 、收入减少、利率上升13、如果现行产出水平为； D 、收入减少、利率下降。
10 万亿元，总需求为 8 万亿，可以断定，若经济不是充分就业，那么：A 、 就业水平将下降B 、 收入水平将上升C 、 收入和就业水平将均衡D 、 就业量将上升E 、 就业水平将上升，收入将下降 14、在流动陷阱（凯恩斯陷阱）中 A 、 货币政策和财政政策都十分有效 B 、 货币政策和财政政策都无效 C 、 货币政策无效，财政政策有效 D 、 货币政策有效，财政政策无效 E 、 以上说法都不正确15、如果实施扩张性的货币政策，中央银行可采取的措施是 A 、卖出国债； B 、提高法定准备金比率； C 、降低再贴现率； D 、提高再贴现率；16、如果名义利率为 6%，通货膨胀率为 12%，那么实际利率是A 、6%； B 、 18%； C 、 12%； D 、 -6%。
2012年华侨大学宏观经济学期末考卷(word文档良心出品)
华侨大学2011—2012学年第一学期宏观经济学期末试卷（A）班级姓名学号成绩注意事项：1、所有答案都必须写在答题纸上，否则不给分；2、类同卷以作弊论处一、单项选择题（每题1分，共20分）1. 下述关于凯恩斯总供给曲线说明正确的是（）A. 货币工资和价格水平的刚性假设是凯恩斯总供给曲线形成的假设基础；B. 经济社会将一直按照固定不变的价格提供任何数量的产品或劳务；C. 总供给曲线的水平形态不受制于时期选择；D. 增加需求的宏观经济政策对于刺激经济增长总是有效的。
2. 根据央行最新汇率数据，人民币与美元间的换算关系是100美元兑633.84人民币，则按照间接标价法，人民币兑美元的汇率为（）A. 6.3384B. 1/6.3384C. 633.84D. 1/633.843. 下列选项中，哪一项是提高经济增长率的最好方法（）A. 发现新的自然资源B. 开发新技术C. 放开人口生育限制D. 提高出口退税比例4. 根据新古典经济增长模型，人口增长率的上升将导致（）A. 稳态水平的人均资本提高B. 稳态水平的人均资本降低C. 对人均资本的稳态水平不产生影响D. 无法确定5. 经济周期的中心是（）A. 利率波动B. 通胀率波动C. 国民收入波动D. 就业率波动6. 下述有关边际消费倾向和平均消费倾向的描述正确的是（）A. 对同一条消费曲线而言，平均消费倾向总大于边际消费倾向B. 消费曲线上的任一点的斜率即为与该点相对应的平均消费倾向C. 消费增量虽是收入增量的一部分，但边际消费倾向不一定小于1D. 平均消费倾向一定小于1，因为消费应以收入为限7. 在两部门经济中，假设消费函数为c y αβ=+，投资函数为i e dr =-，则下述关于IS 曲线斜率描述正确的是（ ）A. d 与IS 曲线斜率的绝对值的变化成同方向变动；B. d 越大则IS 曲线越平缓；C. β越大则IS 曲线斜率的绝对值越大；D. β较大时，支出乘数较大，则IS 曲线较为陡峭。
宏观经济学期末考试试卷(附答案)
1．In the United States real GDP is reported each quarter.a. These numbers are adjusted to make them measure at annual and seasonally adjusted rates.b. These numbers are adjusted to make them annual rates, but no adjustment for seasonal variations are made.c. These numbers are quarterly rates that have been seasonally adjusted.d. These numbers are at quarterly rates and have not been seasonally adjusted.2．The price of CD players increases dramatically, causing a 1 percent increase in the CPI. The price increase will most likely cause the GDP deflator to increase by a. more than 1 percent. b. less than 1 percent. c. 1 percent.d. It is impossible to make an informed guess without more information.3．If increases in the prices of U.S. medical care cause the CPI to increase by 2 percent,the GDP deflator will likely increase by a. more than 2 percent. b. 2 percent. c. less than 2 percent.d. All of the above are correct.4．The traditional view of the production process is that capital is subject to a. constant returns. b. increasing returns. c. diminishing returns.d. diminishing returns for low levels of capital, and increasing returns for high levels of capital.5．Which of the following is correct?a. Political instability can reduce foreign investment, reducing growth.6．Use the following table to answer the following question. Assume that the closing price was also the average price at which each stock transaction took place. Whatwas the total dollar volume of Gillette stock traded that day?a. $912,840,000b. $91,284,000c. $9,128,400d. $912,8407．Suppose that in a closed economy GDP is equal to 10,000, taxes are equal to 2,500 Consumption equals 6,500 and Government expenditures equal 2,000. What are private saving, public saving, and nationalsaving? a. 1500, 1000, 500 b. 1000, 500, 1500 c. 500, 1500, 1000d. None of the above are correct.8．Risk-averse people will choose different asset portfolios than people who are not risk averse. Over a longperiod of time, we would expect that a. every risk-averse person will earn a higher rate of return than every non-risk averse person. b. every risk-averse person will earn a lower rate of return than every non-risk averse person.c. the average risk-averse person will earn a higher rate of return than the average non-risk averse person.d. the average risk-averse person will earn a lower rate of return than the average non-risk averse person.9．The natural rate of unemployment is the精品文档a. unemployment rate that would prevail with zero inflation.b. rate associated with the highest possible level of GDP.c. difference between the long-run and short-run unemployment rates.d. amount of unemployment that the economy normally experiences.10．Suppose that the reserve ratio is 5 percent and that a bank has $1,000 in deposits. Its required reserves area. $5.b. $50.c. $95.d. $950.11．Suppose a bank has $200,000 in deposits and $190,000 in loans. It has a reserve ratio ofa. 5 percentb. 9.5 percentc. 10 percentd. None of the above is correct.12．The inflation taxa. transfers wealth from the government to households.b. is the increase in income taxes due to lack of indexation.c. is a tax on everyone who holds money.d. All of the above are correct.13．In 1898, prospectors on the Klondike River discovered gold. This discovery caused an unexpected price levela. decrease that helped creditors at the expense of debtors.b. decrease that helped debtors at the expense of creditors.c. increase that helped creditors at the expense of debtors.d. increase that helped debtors at the expense of creditors.14．Ivan, a Russian citizen, sells several hundred cases of caviar to a restaurant chain in the United States. By itself, this salea. increases U.S. net exports and has no effect on Russian net exports.b. increases U.S. net exports and decreases Russian net exports.c. decreases U.S. net exports and has no effect on Russian net exports.d. decreases U.S. net exports and increases Russian net exports.15．Suppose that the real exchange rate between the United States and Kenya is defined in terms of baskets of goods. Which of the following will increase the real exchange rate (that is increase the number of baskets of Kenyan goods a basket of U.S. goods buys)?a. an increase in the number of Kenyan shillings that can be purchased with a dollarb. an increase in the price of U.S. baskets of goodsc. a decrease in the price in Kenyan shillings of Kenyan goodsd. All of the above are correct.16．Use the (hypothetical) information in the following table to answer the next question.In real terms, U.S. goods are more expensive than goods in which country(ies)?a. Brazil and Mexicob. Japan, Sweden, and Thailandc. Japan and Swedend. Thailand.17．Which of the following would tend to shift the supply of dollars in foreign-currency exchange market of the open-economy macroeconomic model to the left?a. The exchange rate rises.b. The exchange rate falls.c. The expected rate of return on U.S. assets rises.d. The expected rate of return on U.S. assets falls.18．The real exchange rate equals the relativea. price of domestic and foreign currency.b. price of domestic and foreign goods.c. rate of domestic and foreign interest.d. None of the above is correct.精品文档19．In the open-economy macroeconomic model, if the supply of loanable funds increases, the interest ratea. and the real exchange rate increase.b. and the real exchange rate decrease.c. increases and the real exchange rate decreases.d. decreases and the real exchange rate increases.20．For the following question, use the graph below.The initial effect of an increase in the budget deficit in the loanable funds market is illustrated as a move froma. a tob.b. a toc.c. c to b.d. c to d.21．When the government spends more, the initial effect is thata. aggregate demand shifts right.b. aggregate demand shifts left.c. aggregate supply shifts right.d. aggregate supply shifts left.22．Suppose the economy is in long-run equilibrium. In a short span of time, there is a sharp increase in the minimum wage, a major new discovery of oil, a large influx of immigrants, and new environmental regulations that reduce electricity production. In the short run, we would expecta. the price level to rise and real GDP to fall.b. the price level to fall and real GDP to rise.c. the price level and real GDP both to stay the same.d. All of the above are possible.23．Suppose the economy is in long-run equilibrium. In a short span of time, there is a large influx of skilled immigrants, a major new discovery of oil, and a major new technological advance in electricity production. In the short run, we would expecta. the price level to rise and real GDP to fall.b. the price level to fall and real GDP to rise.c. the price level and real GDP both to stay the same.d. All of the above are possible.24．According to liquidity preference theory, the money supply curve isa. upward sloping.b. downward sloping.c. vertical.d. horizontal.25．When the Fed buys government bonds, the reserves of the banking systema. increase, so the money supply increases.b. increase, so the money supply decreases.c. decrease, so the money supply increases.d. decrease, so the money supply decreases.26．According to the theory of liquidity preference, an increase in the price level causes thea. interest rate and investment to rise.b. interest rate and investment to fall.c. interest rate to rise and investment to fall.d. interest rate to fall and investment to rise.27．If the stock market crashes,a. aggregate demand increases, which the Fed could offset by increasing the money supply.b. aggregate demand increases, which the Fed could offset by decreasing the money supply.c. aggregate demand decreases, which the Fed could offset by increasing the money supply.d. aggregate demand decreases, which the Fed could offset by decreasing the money supply.精品文档28．If the MPC = 3/5, then the government purchases multiplier isa. 5/3.b. 5/2.c. 5.d. 15.29．If the government raises government expenditures, in the short run, pricesa. rise and unemployment falls.b. fall and unemployment rises.c. and unemployment rise.d. and unemployment fall.30．If the long-run Phillips curve shifts to the left, for any given rate of money growth and inflation the economy will havea. higher unemployment and lower output.b. higher unemployment and higher output.c. lower unemployment and lower output.d. lower unemployment and higher output.二、判断题(每小题 1 分，共 20 分)31．When an American doctor opens a practice in Bermuda, his production there is part of U.S. GDP.32．In countries where women are discriminated against, policies that increase their career and educational opportunities are likely to increase the birth rate.33．Michael Kramer found that world growth rates have increased as population has.34．Suppose a small closed economy has GDP of $5 billion, Consumption of $3 billion, and Government expenditures of $1 billion. Then domestic investment and national saving are both $1 billion.35．According to the efficient markets hypothesis, at any moment in time, the market price is the best guess of the company's value based on available information.36．According to the efficient markets hypothesis, stocks follow a random walk so that stocks that increase in price one year are more likely to increase than decrease in the next year.37．In the United States, blacks and whites have similar labor force participation rates, but blacks have a higher unemployment rate.38．According to the theory of efficiency wages, firms operate more efficiently if they can pay wages that are below the equilibrium level.39．In the months of November and December, people in the United States hold a larger part of their money in the form of currency because they intend to shop for the holidays. As a result, the money supply increases, cerise parousia.40．In the 1990s, U.S. prices rose at about the same rate as in the 1970s.41．According to the theory of purchasing-power parity, the real exchange rate defined as foreign goods per unit of U.S. goods will equal the domestic price level divided by the foreign price level.42．Net capital outflow represents the quantity of dollars supplied in the foreign-currency exchange market.43．If policymakers impose import restrictions on automobiles, the U.S. trade deficit would shrink.44．Most economists believe that classical theory explains the world in the short run, but not the long run.45．Because not all prices adjust instantly to changing conditions, an unexpected fall in the price level leaves some firms with higher-than-desired prices, and these higher-than-desired prices depress sales and induce firms to reduce the quantity of goods and services they produce.46．All explanations for the upward slope of the short-run aggregate supply curve suppose that output supplied increases when the price level increases more than expected.47．Both the multiplier and the investment accelerator tend to make the aggregate demand curve shift farther than the increase in government expenditures.48．During recessions, the government tends to run a budget deficit.49．If macroeconomic policy expands aggregate demand, unemployment will fall and inflation will rise in the short run.50．The analysis of Friedman and Phelps argues that any change in inflation that is expected has no impact on the unemployment rate.精品文档三、名词解释(每小题 2 分，共 10 分)51．diminishing returns:52．nominal exchange rate: 53．crowding-out effect: 54．stagflation:55．automatic stabilizers: 四、简答题( 8题中任选6题；每小题 5分，共 30 分)56．Why are property rights important for the growth of a nation's standard of living? 57．Suppose that you are a broker and people tell you the following about themselves. Whatsort of bond would you recommend to each? Defend your choices. a. "I am in a high federal income tax bracket and I don't want to take very much risk." b. "I want a high return and I am willing to take a lot of risk to get it."c. "I want a decent return and I have enough deductions that I don't value tax breakshighly."58．Draw a simple T-account for First National Bank of Me,which has $5,000 of deposits, a reserve ratio of 10 percent, and excess reserves of $300.59．What are the costs of inflation?60．Make a list of things that would shift the long-run aggregate supply curve to the right. 61．Illustrate the classical analysis of growth and inflation with aggregate demand andlong-run aggregate supply curves.62．Why do economists think that the wealth effect and exchange-rate effect are not very important factors inexplaining why aggregate demand slopes downward, at least in the United States?63．Describe the process in the money market by which the interest rate reaches its equilibrium value if it startsabove equilibrium.五、讨论题(2题中任选1题；每小题 10 分，共 10 分)64. Assume the economy is in a recession. Explain how each of the following policies would affectconsumption and investment. In each case, indicate any direct effects, any effects resulting from changes in total output, any effects resulting from changes in interest rate, and the overall effect. If there are conflicting effects making the answer ambiguous, say so. a). a reduction in taxes; b) an expansion of the money supply. 65. In 1939, with the U.S. economy not yet fully recovered from the Great Depression, President Roosevelt proclaimed that Thanksgiving would fall a week earlier than usual so that the shopping period before Christmas would be longer. Explain this decision, using the model of aggregate demand and aggregate supply.《宏观经济学》答题纸一、选择题 (每小题 1 分，共 30 分)1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.精品文档11. 12. 13. 14. 15.16. 17. 18. 19. 20.21. 22. 23. 24. 25.26. 27. 28. 29. 30.二、判断题(正确用“T”；错误用“F”；每小题 1分，共 20 分)31. 32. 33. 34. 35.36. 37. 38. 39. 40.41. 42. 43. 44. 45.46. 47. 48. 49.50.三、名词解释(每小题 2分，共 10 分)51．catch-up effect:52．depreciation: 53．capital flight:54．recession:55．automatic stabilizers:四、简答题( 8题中任选6题；每小题 5分，共 30 分；答题时请标明题号)精品文档五、讨论题(2题中任选1题；每小题 10 分，共 10 分；答题时请标明题号)精品文档《宏观经济学》试卷B参考答案1.a2.d3.c4.c5.a6.b7.b8.d9.d 10.b 11.a 12.c 13.d 14.d 15.d 16.d 17.c 18.b 19.b 20.c 21.a 22.d 23.b 24.c 25.a 26.c 27.c 28.b 29.a 30.d31.F 32.F 33.T 34.T 35.T 36.F 37.T 38.F 39.F 40.F 41.F 42.T 43.F 44.F 45.T 46.T 47.T 48.T 49.T 50.T51.the property whereby the benefit from an extra unit of an input declines as the quantity of the input increases.52.the rate at which a person can trade the currency of one country for the currency of another.53.the offset in aggregate demand that results when expansionary fiscal policy raises the interest rate and thereby reduces investment spending.54.a period of falling output and rising prices.55.changes in fiscal policy that stimulate aggregate demand when the economy goes into a recession without policymakers having to take any deliberate action.56.Property rights are an important prerequisite for the price system to work in a market economy. If an individual or company is not confident that claims over property or over the income from property can be protected, or that contracts can be enforced, there will be little incentive for individuals to save, invest, or start new businesses. Likewise, there will be little incentive for foreigners to invest in the real or financial assets of the country. The distortion of incentives will reduce efficiency in resource allocation and will精品文档reduce saving and investment which in turn will reduce the standard of living.57. a. A municipal bond, because generally they have low credit risk and are notsubject to federal income tax.b. A junk bond. Because of their high risk, they have a high return.c. A corporate bond that isn't a junk bond. Because they have more risk thangovernment bonds and have no special tax treatment, they pay moderate ratesof return.58.First National Bank of MeAssets LiabilitiesReserves $800 Deposits $5,000Loans $4,20059.The costs of inflation include "shoeleather costs," the cost of reducing your money holdings to reduce your inflation tax; "menu costs," the costs of price adjustments; the costs of resource misallocation that result from the relative-price variability induced by inflation; the costs of inflation-induced tax distortions; the costs of confusion and inconvenience; and the costs associated with the arbitrary redistribution of wealth that accompany unexpected inflation.60.Examples in the text (or variations) include increased immigration, a decrease in the minimum wage, more generous unemployment insurance, an increase in the capital stock, an increase in the average level of education, a discovery of new mineral deposits, technology, and removal of barriers to international trade.61.See graph. Over time technological advances cause the long-run aggregate supply curve to shift right. Increases in the money supply cause the aggregate demand curve to shift right. Output growth puts downward pressure on the price level, but money supply growth contributes to rising prices.62.The wealth effect is not very important because it operates through changes in the real value of money, and money is only a small fraction of household wealth. So it is unlikely that changes in the price level will lead to large changes in consumption spending through this channel. The exchange-rate effect is not very important in the United States because trade with other countries represents a relatively small fraction of U.S. GDP.63. If the interest rate is above equilibrium, there is an excess supply of money. People with more money than they want to hold given the current interest rate deposit the money in banks and buy bonds. The increase in funds to lend out causes the interest rate to fall. As the interest rate falls, the quantity of money demanded increases, which tends to diminish the excess supply of money.64. a) 税收减少增加了储蓄的收益、减少了投资的成本，但税收减少对储蓄和投资的影响要视情况而定。
宏观经济学期末考试试卷1(附答案)
一、选择题 (每小题 1 分，共 30 分)1．The government reports that "GDP increased by 1.6 percent in the last quarter." This statement means that GDP increaseda. by 6.4 percent for the year.b. at an annual rate of 6.4 percent during the last quarter.c. at an annual rate of 1.6 percent during the last quarter.d. at an annual rate of .4 percent during the last quarter.2．A Brazilian company produces soccer balls in the United States and exports all of them. If the price of the soccer balls increases, the GDP deflatora. and the CPI both increase.b. is unchanged and the CPI increases.c. increases and the CPI is unchanged.d. and the CPI are unchanged.3．The price of CD players increases dramatically, causing a 1 percent increase in the CPI. The price increase will most likely cause the GDP deflator to increase bya. more than 1 percent.b. less than 1 percent.c. 1 percent.d. It is impossible to make an informed guess without more information.4．A nation's standard of living is measured by itsa. real GDP.b. real GDP per person.c. nominal GDP.d. nominal GDP per person.5．In 2002 President Bush imposed restrictions on imports of steel to protect the U.S.steel industry.a. This is an inward-oriented policy which most economists believe have adverseeffects on growth.b. This is an inward-oriented policy which most economists believe have beneficial effects ongrowth.c. This is an outward-oriented policy which most economists believe have adverse effects on growth.d. This is an outward-oriented policy which most economists believe have beneficial effects ongrowth.6．Generally when economists and the text talk of the "interest rate," they are talking about thea. real interest rate.b. current nominal interest rate.c. real interest rate minus the inflation rate.d. equilibrium nominal interest rate.7．An increase in the budget deficita. makes investment spending fall.b. makes investment spending rise.c. does not affect investment spending.d. may increase, decrease, or not affect investment spending.8．Norne Corporation is considering building a new plant. It will cost them $1 million today to build it and it will generate revenues of $1,121 million three years from today. Of the interest rates below, which is the highest interest rate at which Norne would still be willing to build the plant?a. 3 percentb. 3.5 percentc. 4 percentd. 4.5 percent9．Recent entrants into the labor force account for abouta. 1/2 of those who are unemployed. Spells of unemployment end about 1/5 of the time with peopleleaving the labor force.b. 1/3 of those who are unemployed. Spells of unemployment end about 1/2 of the time with peopleleaving the labor force.c. 1/4 of those who are unemployed. Spells of unemployment end about 1/2 of the time with peopleleaving the labor force.d. 1/4 of those who are unemployed. Spells of unemployment end about 1/5 of the time with peopleleaving the labor force10．Which of the following best illustrates the unit of account function of money?a. You list prices for candy sold on your Web site, , indollars.b. You pay for your WNBA tickets with dollars.c. You keep $10 in your backpack for emergencies.d. None of the above is correct.11．Current U.S. currency isa. fiat money with intrinsic value.b. fiat money with no intrinsic value.c. commodity money with intrinsic value.d. commodity money with no intrinsic value.12．Velocity in the country of Shem is always stable. In 2002, the money supply was $200 billion and the GDP price deflator was four times as high as it was in the base year. In 2003, the money supply increased to $240 billion, the price level increased by 15 percent, and nominal GDP equaled $1,200 billion. By how much did real GDP increase between 2002 and 2003?a. 20 percentb. 4.35 percentc. 2.17 percentd. There is not enough information to answer the question.13．Shoeleather costs refer toa. the cost of more frequent price changes induced by higher inflation.b. the distortion in resource allocation created by distortions in relative prices dueto inflation.c. resources used to maintain lower money holdings when inflation is high.d. the distortion in incentives created by inflation by taxes that do not adjust forinflation.14．International tradea. raises the standard of living in all trading countries.b. lowers the standard of living in all trading countries.c. leaves the standard of living unchanged.d. raises the standard of living for importing countries and lowers it for exporting countries.15．Which of the following would be U.S. foreign portfolio investment?a. Disney builds a new amusement park near Rome, Italy.b. Your economics professor buys stock in companies located in Eastern European countries.c. A Dutch hotel chain opens a new hotel in the United States.d. A citizen of Singapore buys a bond issued by a U.S. corporation.16．A Venezuelan firm purchases earth-moving equipment from a U.S. company and pays for it with domestic currency. This transactiona. increases U.S. net exports, and increases Venezuelan net capital outflow.b. increases U.S. net exports, and decreases Venezuelan net capital outflow.c. decreases U.S. net exports, and increases Venezuelan net capital outflow.d. decreases U.S. net exports, and decreases Venezuelan net capital outflow.17．At the equilibrium interest rate in the open economy macroeconomic model, the amount that people want to save equals the desired quantity ofa. net capital outflow.b. domestic investment.c. net capital outflow plus domestic investment.d. foreign currency supplied.18．In an open economy,a. net capital outflow = imports.b. net capital outflow = net exports.c. net capital outflow = exports.d. None of the above is correct.19．In the open-economy macroeconomic model, the real exchange rate is determined in the market where dollars are exchanged for foreign currency by the equality of the supply of dollars, which comes froma. U.S. national saving and the demand for dollars for U.S. net exports.b. U.S. net capital outflow and the demand for dollars for U.S. net exports.c. domestic investment and the demand for U.S. net exports.d. foreign demand for U.S. goods and U.S. demand for foreign goods.20．If a government increases its budget deficit, then interest ratesa. rise and the trade balance moves toward surplus.b. rise and the trade balance moves toward deficit.c. fall and the trade balance moves toward surplus.d. fall and the trade balance moves toward deficit.21．Investment spending decreases when the price levela. rises causing interest rates to rise.b. rises causing interest rates to fall.c. falls causing interest rates to rise.d. falls causing interest rates to fall.22．An increase in the price level and a decrease in real GDP in the short run could be created bya. an increase in the money supply.b. an increase in government expenditures.c. a fall in stock prices.d. bad weather in farm states.23．Which part of real GDP fluctuates most over the course of the business cycle?a. consumptionb. government expendituresc. investmentd. net exports24．According to liquidity preference theory, the price level and interest rate area. positively related as are the interest rate and aggregate demand.b. inversely related as are the interest rate and aggregate demand.c. positively related while the interest rate and aggregate demand are inverselyrelated.d. inversely related while the interest rate and aggregate demand are positivelyrelated.25．Which of the following shifts aggregate demand to the right?a. an increase in the price levelb. an increase in the money supplyc. a decrease in the price leveld. a decrease in the money supply26．If the Fed conducts open-market sales, the money supplya. increases and aggregate demand shifts right.b. increases and aggregate demand shifts left.c. decreases and aggregate demand shifts right.d. decreases and aggregate demand shifts left.27．Some economists argue thata. monetary policy should actively be used to stabilize the economy.b. fiscal policy should actively be used to stabilize the economy.c. fiscal policy can be used to shift the AD curve.d. All of the above are correct.28．The lag problem associated with monetary policy is due mostly toa. the fact that business firms make investment plans far in advance.b. the political system of checks and balances that slows down the process of determining monetarypolicy.c. the time it takes for changes in government spending to affect the interest rate.d. All of the above are correct.29．A. W. Phillips' findings were based on dataa. from 1861-1957 for the United Kingdom.b. from 1861-1957 for the United States.c. mostly from the post-World War II period in the United Kingdom.d. mostly from the post-World War II period in the United States.30．Which of the following is true concerning the long-run Phillips curve?a. Its position is determined primarily by monetary factors.b. If it shifts right, long-run aggregate supply shifts right.c. It cannot be changed by any government policy.d. its position depends on the natural rate of unemployment.二、判断题(每小题 1 分，共 20 分)31．The government component of GDP includes salaries paid to Army generals but not Social Security benefits to the elderly.32．An increase in the saving rate does not permanently increases the growth rate of real GDP per person.33．In ten years when you are the owner of a major U.S. corporation, if your corporation opens and operates a branch in a foreign country you will be engaging in foreign direct investment.34．Corporations receive no proceeds from the resale of their stock.35．According to the rule of 70, if you earn an interest rate of 3.5 percent, your savings will double about every 20 years.36．The value of a stock depends on the ability of the company to generate dividends and the expected price of the stock when the stockholder sells her shares.37．A minimum wage above equilibrium creates a labor surplus.38．According to the theory of efficiency wages, firms operate more efficiently if they can pay wages that are below the equilibrium level. 39．The use of money allows trade to be roundabout.40．The quantity theory of money can explain hyperinflations but not moderate inflation.41．In every economy, national saving equals domestic investment plus net capitaloutflow.42．In the open-economy macroeconomic model, net exports represent the quantity of dollars demanded in the foreign-currency exchange market.43．Although trade policies do not affect a country's overall trade balance, they do affectspecific firms and industries.44．If speculators bid up the value of the dollar in the market for foreign-currency exchange, aggregate demand would shift to the left.45．In response to a decrease in output the economy would revert to its original level of prices and output whether the decrease in output was caused by a decrease in aggregate demand or a decrease in aggregate supply.46．John Maynard Keynes advocated policies that would increase aggregate demand as a way to decrease unemployment caused by recessions.47．An increase in the money supply shifts the aggregate supply curve right. 48．Unemployment insurance and welfare programs work as automatic stabilizers. 49．In the long run, the inflation rate depends primarily on money supply growth.50．Although monetary policy cannot reduce the natural rate of unemployment, other types of policies can. 三、名词解释(每小题 2分，共 10 分)51．catch-up effect: 52．depreciation: 53．capital flight: 54．recession:55．automatic stabilizers: 四、简答题( 8题中任选6题；每小题 5分，共 30 分)56．Compare and contrast the population theories of Malthus and Kremer.57．Using a graph representing the market for loanable funds, show and explain what happens to interest rates and investment if a government goes from a deficit to a surplus.58．Which two of the Ten Principles of Economics imply that the Fed can profoundly affect the economy?59．The U.S. Treasury Department issues inflation-indexed bonds. What areinflation-indexed bonds and why are they important?60．Make a list of things that would shift the long-run aggregate supply curve to the right.61．Illustrate the classical analysis of growth and inflation with aggregate demand and long-run aggregate supply curves.62．How does a reduction in the money supply by the Fed make owning stocks less attractive?63．Why and in what way are fiscal policy lags different from monetary policy lags?五、讨论题(2题中任选1题；每小题 10 分，共 10分)64. Suppose government spends $3 billion to buy police cars. Explain why aggregate demand might increase by more than $3 billion. Explain why aggregate demand might increase by less than $3 billion.65. In 1939, with the U.S. economy not yet fully recovered from the Great Depression, President Roosevelt proclaimed that Thanksgiving would fall a week earlier than usual so that the shopping period before Christmas would be longer. Explain this decision, using the model of aggregate demand and aggregate supply.《宏观经济学》答题纸一、选择题 (每小题 1 分，共 30 分)1. 2. 3. 4. 5.6. 7. 8. 9. 10.11. 12. 13. 14. 15.16. 17. 18. 19. 20.21. 22. 23. 24. 25.26. 27. 28. 29. 30.二、判断题(正确用“T”；错误用“F”；每小题 1分，共 20 分)31. 32. 33. 34. 35.36. 37. 38. 39. 40.41. 42. 43. 44. 45.46. 47. 48. 49. 50.三、名词解释(每小题 2分，共 10 分)51．catch-up effect:52．depreciation:53．capital flight:54．recession:55．automatic stabilizers:四、简答题( 8题中任选6题；每小题 5分，共 30 分；答题时请标明题号)五、讨论题(2题中任选1题；每小题 10 分，共 10 分；答题时请标明题号)《宏观经济学》试卷A参考答案1.c2.c3.d4.b5.a6.a7.a8.b9.b 10.a 11.b 12.b 13.c 14.a 15.b 16.b 17.c 18.b 19.b 20.b 21.a 22.d 23.c 24.c 25.b 26.d 27.d 28.a 29.a 30.d31.T 32.T 33.T 34.T 35.T 36.T 37.T 38.F 39.T 40.F 41.T 42.T 43.T 44.T 45.F 46.T 47.F 48.T 49.T 50.T51.the property whereby contries that start off poor tend to grow more rapidly than countries that start off rich.52.a decrease in the value of a currency as measured by the amount of foreign currency it can buy.53.a large and sudden reduction in the demand for assets located in a country.54.a period of declining real incomes and rising unemployment.55.changes in fiscal policy that stimulate aggregate demand when the economy goes into a recession考生答题不得过此线∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶密∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶封∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶线∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶ 任课教师：教学班号：姓名：学号：∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶装∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶订∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶线∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶without policymakers having to take any deliberate action.56.The difference is that Malthus predicted that population growth would be greater than growth in the ability to increase output. He believed that people would continue to populate the earth until output reached a subsistence level. On the other hand Kremer argues that population growth increased productivity allowing people to improve their standard of living despite growing population. Kremer argues that with more population comes more innovations. The improvements in technology more than offset any adverse impact of the increase in population on the standard of living.57. As shown in the graph below, the economy starts in equilibrium at point E0 with interest rate r0 and equilibrium quantity of saving and investment at q0. If the government succeeds in obtaining a surplus, there will be more public saving in the economy at each interest rate, and the supply of loanable funds curve will shift from S0 to S1. The new equilibrium will be at E1, with a lower interest rate, r1 and a higher quantity of saving and investment, q1. Hence, if the federal government succeeds in having a surplus, interest rates will fall and investment will increase.Market for Loanable Funds58. 1. Prices rise when the government prints too much money.2. There is a short-run tradeoff between inflation and unemployment.59. Inflation-indexed bonds are bonds whose interest and principal payments are adjusted upward for inflation, guaranteeing their real purchasing power in the future.They are important because they provide a safe, inflation-proof asset for savers and they may allow the Treasury to borrow more easily at a lower current cost.60. Examples in the text (or variations) include increased immigration, a decrease in the minimum wage, more generous unemployment insurance, an increase in the capital stock, an increase in the average level of education, a discovery of new mineral deposits, technology, and removal of barriers to international trade.61.See graph.Over time technological advances cause the long-run aggregate supply curve to shift right. Increases in the money supply cause the aggregate demand curve to shift right. Output growth puts downward pressure on the price level, but money supply growth contributes to rising prices.62. The reduction in the money supply raises the interest rate. So the return on bonds increases relative to the return on stocks. The increase in the interest rate also causes spending to fall so that revenues and profits fall making shares of ownership in corporations less valuable.63.The fiscal policy lags are mostly a matter of waiting to implement the policy. By the time the president and Congress can agree to and pass legislation changing expenditures or taxes, the recession may have ended. The Federal Reserve can act to change the money supply quickly, but it may take some time before the effects of an increase in the money supply work their way through the economy.64. 当政府支出30亿美元购买警车时，直接投资增加警车生产企业的利润，这种增加又使该企业雇佣更多工人，并增加生的。
宏观经济学期末考试试卷及答案（A卷）
宏观经济学期末考试试卷及答案（A卷）宏观经济学期末考试试卷及答案（ A 卷）一、名词解释题（本题型共5题。
每题2分，共10分，将答案写在答题纸上）1．国民生产总值2. 消费函数3. 充分就业4 经济周期5. 菲利普斯曲线二、单项选择题（本题型共30题。
每题正确答案只有一个，从每题的备选答案中选出正确的答案，将其英文字母编号填入答题纸上相应的空格内。
每题1分，共30分）．．．．．1、今年的名义国内生产总值大于去年的名义国内生产总值，说明：( )A.、今年物价水平一定比去年高了；B、今年生产的物品和劳务的总量一定比去年增加了；C、今年的物价水平和实物产量水平一定都比去年提高了；D、以上三种说法都不一定正确。
2、一国的国内生产总值小于国民生产总值，说明该国公民从外国取得的收入( )外国公民从该国取得的收入( )A.、大于； B、小于； C、等于； D、可能大于也可能小于。
3、两部门的均衡是：（）A: I=S；B: I+G=S+T；C: I+G+X=S+T+M；D: AD=AS。
4、一般地说，通货膨胀会使（）。
A．债权人受损，债务人受益； B．债权人受益，债务人受损；C．债权人和债务人都受益； D．债权人和债务人都受损。
5、在货币总量不变条件下，当物价上升，货币投机需求减少，利率上升，从而抑制投资需求和居民信贷消费需求，导致产出的下降，这种效应被称为（）A. 净出口效应； B. 利率效应； C.实际余额效应；D.财富效应。
6、总需求曲线向下倾斜的原因之一是( )：A. 随着价格水平下降，家庭的实际财富下降，他们将增加消费；B. 随着价格水平上升，家庭的实际财富下降，他们将减少消费；C. 随着价格水平下降，家庭的实际财富上升，他们将减少消费；D. 随着价格水平上升，家庭的实际财富上升，他们将增加消费。
7、在LM曲线即定时，扩张性的财政政策使IS曲线向（）。
A: 上移； B: 下移；C: 不变； D: 无联系。
宏观经济学期末考试试卷及答案(-B-卷)
宏观经济学期末考试试卷及答案（ 卷） 一、名词解释题（本题型共 题。
每题 分，共 分）．国内生产总值 ．平衡预算乘数 ．流动性偏好 ．基础货币 ．充分就业 ．国内生产总值：一个国家或地区在一定时期内运用生产要素所生产的全部最终产品（物品和劳务）的市场价值。
．平衡预算乘数：政府的收入和支出同时且以同数量变动时国民收入的变动与政府收入支出变动的比率。
．流动性偏好：即对货币的需求，由于货币具有使用上的灵活性，人们宁可牺牲利息收入而储存不生息货币来保持财富的心理倾向。
．基础货币：商业银行的准备金总额（法定的和超额的）加上非银行部门持有的通货是存款扩张的基础，被称为基础货币。
．充分就业：在广泛的意义上指一切生产要素（包含劳动）都有机会以自己意愿的报酬参加生产的状态。
二、单项选择题（本题型共 题。
每题正确答案只有一个。
每题 分，共 分）．下列哪一项将不计入．．．当年的☝？（ ）✌．当年整修过的古董汽车所增加的价值； ．一辆新汽车的价值；．一辆二手汽车按其销售价格计算的价值； ．一台磨损的高尔夫球清洁机器的替换品。
． ；．在以支出法计算国内生产总值时，不属于．．．投资的是（ ）。
✌．某企业增加一笔存货； ．某企业建造一座厂房；．某企业购买一台计算机； ．某企业购买政府债券。
． ；．用收入法计算☝时，不能计入☝的是（ ）✌．政府给公务员支付的工资； ．居民购买自行车的支出；．农民卖粮的收入； ．自有住房的租金。
． ；．当实际☝为 亿美元，☝缩减指数为 时，名义国民收入为：（ ）✌． 亿美元； ． 亿美元； ． 亿美元； ． 亿美元。
． ；．一个家庭当其收入为零时，消费支出为 元；而当其收入为 元时，其消费为 元，在图形上，消费和收入之间成一条直线，则其边际消费倾向为（）。
✌． ； ． ； ． ； ． 。
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华侨大学2011—2012学年第一学期宏观经济学期末试卷（A）班级姓名学号成绩注意事项：1、所有答案都必须写在答题纸上，否则不给分；2、类同卷以作弊论处一、单项选择题（每题1分，共20分）1. 下述关于凯恩斯总供给曲线说明正确的是（）A. 货币工资和价格水平的刚性假设是凯恩斯总供给曲线形成的假设基础；B. 经济社会将一直按照固定不变的价格提供任何数量的产品或劳务；C. 总供给曲线的水平形态不受制于时期选择；D. 增加需求的宏观经济政策对于刺激经济增长总是有效的。
2. 根据央行最新汇率数据，人民币与美元间的换算关系是100美元兑633.84人民币，则按照间接标价法，人民币兑美元的汇率为（）A. 6.3384B. 1/6.3384C. 633.84D. 1/633.843. 下列选项中，哪一项是提高经济增长率的最好方法（）A. 发现新的自然资源B. 开发新技术C. 放开人口生育限制D. 提高出口退税比例4. 根据新古典经济增长模型，人口增长率的上升将导致（）A. 稳态水平的人均资本提高B. 稳态水平的人均资本降低C. 对人均资本的稳态水平不产生影响D. 无法确定5. 经济周期的中心是（）A. 利率波动B. 通胀率波动C. 国民收入波动D. 就业率波动6. 下述有关边际消费倾向和平均消费倾向的描述正确的是（）A. 对同一条消费曲线而言，平均消费倾向总大于边际消费倾向B. 消费曲线上的任一点的斜率即为与该点相对应的平均消费倾向C. 消费增量虽是收入增量的一部分，但边际消费倾向不一定小于1D. 平均消费倾向一定小于1，因为消费应以收入为限7. 在两部门经济中，假设消费函数为c y αβ=+，投资函数为i e dr =-，则下述关于IS 曲线斜率描述正确的是（ ）A. d 与IS 曲线斜率的绝对值的变化成同方向变动；B. d 越大则IS 曲线越平缓；C. β越大则IS 曲线斜率的绝对值越大；D. β较大时，支出乘数较大，则IS 曲线较为陡峭。
8. 下列关于“凯恩斯陷阱”的解释正确的是（ ）A. “凯恩斯陷阱”形成的原因在于人们没有合适的投资渠道；B. 人们在考虑“持有货币”或“投资证券”时，因持有货币而可能产生的机会成本是投资人的惟一考虑因素；C. 货币天然的交易便捷性决定了“凯恩斯陷阱”的形成是一种必然选择；D. 证券价格与市场利率之间的反向变动关系决定了人们的投资选择。
9. 假定货币供给和价格水平不变，货币需求为收入和利率的函数，则收入增加时（ ）A. 货币需求增加，利率上升B. 货币需求增加，利率下降C. 货币需求减少，利率上升D. 货币需求减少，利率下降10. 假定一国有下列统计资料（单位：亿元）：则政府税收减去转移支付之后的收入为：（）A. 830B. 990C. 1800D. 95011. 一般认为社会消费函数是家户消费函数的总和，但在考虑由家户消费函数导出社会消费函数时，下述哪个限制条件不在考虑的范畴内：（）A. 国民收入的分配B. 政府税收政策C. 物价波动D. 公司未分配利润在利润中所占比例12. 假设预期的长期实际利率为7%，某厂商有如下的可投资清单，每个项目的初始投资均为100万元，但项目的回收期和回收款项有差异，第一个项目将在第二年末收回120万元，第二个项目将在第三年末收回125万元，第三个项目将在第四年末收回130万元，请问厂商该作何决策（）A. 投资项目一B. 投资项目二C. 投资项目三D. 三个项目都不投资13. 政府支出对私人支出的“挤占”，与下列哪个因素无关（）A. 支出乘数大小B. 货币需求对产出变动的敏感程度C. 货币需求对利率变动的敏感程度D. 政府对个人的转移支付力度14. 在凯恩斯区域内，（）。
A.货币政策有效B.财政政策有效C.财政政策无效D.货币政策与财政政策同样有效15. 下面哪项不是宏观经济政策的目标之一（）A. 充分就业B. 价格稳定C. 经济持续均衡增长D. 国际收支长期盈余16. 从失业属性划分上区分，下述哪种失业状态区别于另外三个（）A. 自然失业B. 周期性失业C. 结构性失业D. 摩擦性失业17. 根据奥肯定律，如果今年的失业率高于自然失业率2个百分点，则今年实际的GDP 将低于潜在GDP 几个百分点？（ ）A.2B. 4C. 6D. 818. 根据附加预期的菲利普斯曲线方程可知，下述观点正确的是（ ）A. 预期通货膨胀率与实际通货膨胀率反方向变动；B. 预期通货膨胀率越高则名义收入越高，从而失业率越低；C. 预期通货膨胀率与实际通货膨胀率相等时的失业率为非加速通货膨胀的失业率；D. 自然失业率不一定等于非加速通货膨胀失业率。
19. 以下关于GDP 的描述中，不正确是（ ）A. GDP 是一个市场价值的概念B. GDP 测度的是最终产品的价值C. GDP 测算的市场价值应具有时间属性和地域属性D. 企业存货投资的部分不应该计入GDP20. 下述关于四部门经济中的储蓄—投资恒等式()()r I S T G M X K =+-+-+的说明中，不正确是（ ）A. ()T G -可理解为政府储蓄B. r K 为国外居民对本国居民的转移支付，故应计入本国收入部分C. S 为国内储蓄额D. ()M X -为净进口，表示本国对国外部门产品的实际消费额二、判断题(√，错误的请打×；每题1分，共10分）1. 无论是财政政策还是货币政策，都是通过影响利率、消费、投资进而影响总需求，使就业和国民收入得到调节。
2. 投资乘数和边际消费倾向有关，边际消费倾向越小，则乘数就越大。
3. 经济持续增长指在一个特定时期内经济社会的GDP 获得持续增长。
4. 货币数量论认为，货币供给的增加是通货膨胀的基本原因。
5. 根据资本边际效率进行投资时，市场利率大于资本边际效率的投资项目是可取的。
6. 折旧仅包括生产中资本物品的物质磨损，所谓资本老化所带来的精神磨损不在折旧的范畴内。
7. 由交易动机和谨慎动机所产生的货币需求惟一决定于收入水平。
8. 凯恩斯认为资本主义经济萧条的根源在于社会总需求不足以实现充分就业。
9. 利用加速原理总能加速国民经济的增长。
10. 摩擦性失业是一种暂时性的、过渡性的失业。
三、名词解释（每题2分，5题）1.GDP 折算指数2.流动性偏好3.货币创造乘数4.浮动汇率制度5.经济周期四、简答题（每题5分，4题）1.请简答凯恩斯定律的内容及提出的社会经济背景。
2.什么是财政政策？在经济过热和萧条时，政府应该如何利用财政政策进行总需求管理？3. 古典总供给曲线为什么具有垂直线形状？它的政策含义有哪些？4.简答结构性通货膨胀产生的原因。
五、计算题（第1、3、4题8分，第2题10分，共34分）1、假定，某经济社会的消费函数为d y c 8.0100+=，意愿投资i ＝500，政府购买支出g ＝200，税收t ＝250，求：（1）均衡收入（2）投资乘数及税收乘数2、宏观经济系统为三部门经济，其中消费函数d y c 8.0500+=；投资函数i ＝300－2000r ；税收t=250；政府投资g ＝200；货币供给m=800；货币需求L=0.6y －2000r 。
求：（1）写出该宏观系统的IS 、LM 表达式；（2）求均衡利率和国民收入、消费与投资；（3）若政府为刺激总需求，增加政府支出△G ＝100，新的均衡利率和国民收入是多少？被挤出的投资和收入又是多少？3、设某一三部门的经济中，消费函数为y c 75.0200+=，投资函数i=200-25r ，货币需求函数为L=y-100r ，名义货币供给是1000，政府购买g=50。
（1）求该经济的总需求函数（2）如果总供给函数P y S 20900+=，求供求均衡点的收入和价格。
4、假设一个经济的人均生产函数k y =，如果储蓄率为20%，人口增长率为1%，折旧率为4%。
（1）那么该经济的稳态产出为多少？（2） 如果储蓄率下降到10%，人口增长率上升到6%，这时经济的稳态产出是多少？（3）（2）与（1）相比，稳态时的总产量增长率有何变化？六、应用分析题（1题，6分）经济增长与经济发展促进国际社会的共同发展是联合国和当前世界面临的头等大事，也是联合国千年首脑会议的重要话题。
在经济全球化的趋势下，发展不平衡问题变得更加突出，南北差距扩大，贫富悬殊加深，人类财富正日益集中到世界少数富国和富人手中。
正如联合国前秘书长安南在报告中指出的，近一半的世界人口每天只依靠不到2美元度日。
因此，不少成员国希望联合国在全球化进程中发挥积极的主导作用，推动各国制订法规，以便建立公正、合理的国际政治、经济新秩序。
安南在报告中敦促各国积极行动起来，力争在2015年以前帮助10亿人口摆脱贫困。
报告还要求发达国家对贫穷国家的产品敞开大门，减免其债务负担，并向其提供经济援助。
在美国，19世纪60年代和70年代的时候，反增长的游说主要受到一些学者的支持。
然而，到了19世纪80年代和90年代，其支持的范围从某些大学的派别扩展到国会的下议院。
游说争论的中心主要与空气污染有关。
污染是增长的副产品，特别是某些条件放松以及某种经济活动有多种副产品时，污染情况就更严重。
工业污染主要包括空气和水的污染，也包括噪音以及对自然风景的污染。
因此，大家的关注点从经济增长逐渐转移到经济发展上来…问题：1、说明经济增长带来了哪些严重问题？2、说明经济增长与经济发展的区别。
华侨大学2011—2012学年第一学期宏观经济学期末试卷（A）答题纸一、单项选择题（每题1分，共20分）1.( )2.( )3. ( )4. ( )5. ( )6.( )7.( )8. ( )9. ( ) 10. ( ) 11. ( ) 12. ( ) 13. ( ) 14. ( ) 15. ( ) 16.( ) 17.( ) 18. ( ) 19. ( ) 20. ( )二、判断题（对的打“√”，错的打“×”，每小题1分，共10分）1. ( )2. ( )3. ( )4. ( )5. ( )6. ( )7. ( )8. ( )9. ( ) 10. ( )三、名词解释（每题2分，共10分）华侨大学2011—2012学年第一学期宏观经济学期末试卷（A）参考答案一、单项选择题（每题1分，共20分）1.ABBBC 6.ABDAB 11.CBDBD 16.ABCDB二、判断题（对的打“√”，错的打“×”，每小题1分，共10分）1. √×√√× 6. ××√×√三、名词解释（每题2分，5题）1.GDP折算指数：是指名义GDP和实际GDP的比率（1分），用以反映某一时期和基期相比价格变动的程度（1分）。