醇,酚,醚知识题以及答案解析
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第十章醇、酚、醚习题答案
CH3CH CHCH2CH3
9.
O
4、写出下列化合物的构造式：
(1)2,4-dimethyl-1-hexanol (2) 4-penten-2-ol (3) 3-bromo-4-methylphenol (4) 5-nitro-2-naphthol
(5)tert-butyl phenyl ether (6)
1,2-dimethoxyethane
解：
CH 2=CHCH 2CHCH 3
OH (1).
(2).
CH
3CH 3
CH 2
CHCH 2
CHCH
2OH
CH 3
Br
CH 3
OH
OH
NO 2
(3).
(4).
C(CH 3)3
O CH 3OCH 2CH 2OCH 3
(5).
(6).
CH3CH2OH Na CH3CH2ONa (2)
C2H5
=O
C2H5
H
H
OH
(3)
(1)CH3CH=CH CH
OH
H H2O
CH3CH=CH CH
OH2
CH3CH CH CH
Br
CH3CHCH=CH
Br
CH3CH=CHCH
Br
解：
(2)H2O
CH3CHCH(CH3)2
OH
H
CH3CHCH(CH3)2
OH2
CH3CH C(CH3)2
H
Br CH
3CH2C(CH3)2
Br
CH3CH2C(CH3)2
解：（1）CH
OH
H
H CH3SO2Cl
CH3
H
H
OSO2CH3 H
H
CH3
H
H
OSO2CH3
(CH)COK
CH3
(2)
CH 2=CH 2
CH 3CHO 12O 2
CuCl CH 2=CH 2 HBr CH 3CH 2Br CH 3CH 2MgBr
Mg
3CH=CHCH 3CH 3CHO ①CH 3CHCH 2CH 3OH H 2 H 2
CH 3
CH CHCH
3
O
CH 3CH CHCH 3OH Cl
OH
CH3
CH3
C CH
CH3
CH3
OH
Na
H
ONa
CH3
CH3
C CH
CH3
CH3
解：
CH3
CH3
C CH
CH3
CH3
OH
CH3
CH3
C C
CH3
CH3
OH OH
C=C
CH3
CH3
CH3
CH3
A B C
C=C
CH3
CH3
CH3
CH3
CH3
CH3
C C
CH3
CH3
OH OH
C=C
CH3
CH3
CH3
CH3
KMnO4
（冷）H2O
CH3
CH3
C C
CH3
CH3
OH OH
HIO4
2CH3CCH3
O
解：
CH3
CH3
OH
CH CH CH3
δ
δ
=2.6
=1.1
δ=1.6δ=3.6
δ=0.9
( B)
H2SO4
CH3
浓
或
或
CH3
CH3CH3
CH3
或或
1
2
.
O3
Zn/H2O
CHO
CCH3
O
O
CH3
CH3
CHO
CH3
O
CHO
CH3 HBr过氧
化物
Br
CH3Br
Br
或或
CH3
CH3CH3
CH3
OH
OH
CH3
OH
H2O
或或
CH3
CH3CH3
CH3
1750-1700 为的特征吸收峰
cm-1C
O
解：化合物C4H10O的结构如下：
D2O
CH3
CH3
CH CH2OH
δ值0.8
1.7 3.2 4.2
OD
3
3
CH CH2