闵行区2018年高三政治一模试卷
【高三政治试题精选】2018届高三政治一模试题(附答案)
2018届高三政治一模试题（附答案）
5 1．“我想买块地，自己种菜种粮食”。
在食品安全事频发的当下，一些网友发出这样的呼声。
人们自种自食的农产品
①不是商品，因为它没有用于交换②是商品，因为它耗费了人类的劳动
③不是商品，因为它只有使用价值④是商品，因为它能满足人们的需要
A．①② B．③④ c．①③ D．②④
2．用陪驾交换电脑维修，用杨式太极拳招式交换摄影技术……越越多的人加入到“技术交换”中，成为“换客一族”。
“技术互换”是一种绿色的学习方法，如今已成为学生和白领中流行的一种交换形式。
从市场角度看，下列关于“技术交换”的说法正确的是
①交换中的“技术”是使用价值和价值的统一体
②“技术交换”的过程也就是商品流通的过程
③从结果上看，“技术交换”属于租赁消费
④“技术交换”也应该遵循等价交换的原则
A．①② B．②③ c．①④ D．③④
3．在“商品—货币—商品”的流通过程中，“商品一货币”阶段的变化“是商品的惊险的跳跃。
”这个跳跃如果不成功，摔坏的不是商品，而是商品所有者。
对此认识不正确的是
A．商品生产者需要生产适销对路、质量上乘的商品
B．跳跃不成功说明生产者的劳动未得到社会认可
c．商品的价值在商品交换中才能得以实现
D．货币作为等价物在物物交换中起决定作用
4．物价牵动民生，引发关注。
一条“呼吁无座火车应半价”的微博，一天被转发14万次，“火车站票收费是否合理”成为火车运输最受关注的话题。
网友普遍认为，持站票没有享受与座票同等的服。
最新-上海市闵行区2018学年第一学期高三质量监控考试物理试题 精品
上海市闵行区2018-2018学年度第一学期教学调研物理试题考生注意：1．答卷前，考生务必将姓名、学号等填写清楚. 2．本试卷共12页，满分150分. 考试时间120分钟.3．第19、20、21、22、23题要求写出必要的文字说明、方程式和重要的演算步骤. 只写出最后答案，而未写出主要演算过程的，不能得分. 有关物理量的数值计算问题，答案中必须明确写出数值和单位.g 取10m/s 2。
一、（20分）填空题. 本大题共5小题，每小题4分. 答案写在题中横线上的空白处或指定位置，不要求写出演算过程.本大题中第l 、2、3小题为分叉题。
分A 、B 两类，考生可任选一类答题．若两类试题均做。
一律按A 类题计分．A 类题(适合于使用一期课改教材的考生)1A 、如图所示，长度都为L ＝0.8 m 的两根细绳，一端系着同一个小球A ，另一端分别系于两边墙上相同高度的两 点，两绳间的夹角为α＝120︒，现给小球A 一垂直于纸 面向外的初速度v 0，使小球垂直于纸面开始做小角度的摆动，若v 0很小，则小球A 第一次回到平衡位置所需时间为___________s ；该求解过程 中用的科学方法是___________。
2A 、一带正电的粒子和一中性粒子同时以相同的初速度进入水平的匀强电场中，已知粒子运动方向与电场线平行但方向相反，带电粒子运动了20cm 不再前进将开始返回， 则这时中性粒子已经运动了 cm 距离（粒子只受电场力） 3A 、如图所示，一根长为4m 的均匀直棒AO ，O 端用光滑的铰链固定于地面上，上端有一水平拉力F ，为了使棒 能垂直地立在地面上，用一根长4m 的绳子拉住棒，绳 的一端固定在地面上，要使绳子的拉力最小，则绳的另 一端系在杆上的位置距地面的高度是 m 。
B 类题(适合于使用二期课改教材的考生)1B 、每时每刻都有大量带电的宇宙射线向地球射来，幸好地球磁场可以有效地改变这些宇宙射线中大多数射线粒子的运动方向， 使它们不能到达地面，这对地球上的生命有十分重要的意义。
2018年上海市普通高等学校招生全国统一模拟考试政治试题及答案
上海市普通高等学校招生全国统一模拟考试政治试题考生注意:1．考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
2．本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，试卷包括试题与答题要求。
所有答题必须涂（选择题)或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3．答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。
一、单项选择题（共90分，每题3分。
每题只能选一个选项）1．12月16日，最高人民检察院召开高检院党组会议，会议强调要始终把检察工作置于党和国家工作大局来谋划和推进，立足检察职能，维护社会和谐稳定。
我国人民检察院的专门职能是A. 管理户口、居民身份证等事宜 B．解决民事、经济和行政纠纷C．从事法律监督，保证国家法律统一实施 D.监督国家权力机关及其工作人员2．全国假日办于10月和11月先后两次就节假日安排面向社会征求意见。
假日办向社会公开征求意见这一举措体现了政府A．决策的形式化 B．决策的民主化C．决策的传统化 D．决策的智能化3.发展社会主义民主政治，建设社会主义政治文明，是全面建成小康社会的重要目标。
以下关于社会主义民主政治的叙述，正确的有①没有民主就没有社会主义现代化②社会主义法制是社会主义民主的基础③社会主义民主的本质是保持公有制经济的主体地位④必须在党的领导下进行社会主义民主建设A．①② B．②③ C．②④ D．①④4．公民通过选出的人大代表，参与国家各项事务的决策，履行参与决策的重要任务。
这种参与属于A．直接参加选举 B．间接参与民主决策C．直接参与民主决策 D．间接参与民主监督5．在互联网时代，人人都是“麦克风”，由“微博”发起监督，由主流媒体扩展报道，由纪检部门跟进履职的监督，使“表哥”、“房叔”们纷纷落马。
这说明A.科学技术的进步是公民政治权利和自由的根本保障B.人民知情权、表达权、监督权的充分行使是权利正确运行的重要保证C. 网络反腐已经成为反腐的根本渠道D. 发挥网络的作用是让权力在阳光下运行的决定性因素6．我国改革开放三十多年来，党和政府领导、支持各少数民族地区发展取得了辉煌成就，提高了各少数民族地区人民的生活水平，巩固了民族团结。
上海市闵行区2018学年第一学期高三年级期末(一模)质量调研考试语文试卷(含答案)
闵行区2018学年第一学期高三年级质量调研考试语文试卷1、本考试设试着和答题纸两部分，试卷包括试题与答题要求，所有答题必须写在答题纸上，做在试着上一律不得分2、答题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的，答题时应注意，不能错位。
3、考试时150分钟。
试卷满分150分。
一、积累与运用（10分）1、按要求填空（5分）（1）分野中峰变，___________________。
（王维《终南山》）（2）郴江幸自绕郴山，___________________。
（秦观《_________・郴州旅舍》）（3）李白《登金陵凤凰台》一诗中，暗示皇帝被奸邪包围，自己报国无门，心情沉痛的句子是“___________________，___________________。
”2、按要求选择（5分）（1）下列选项中，名句运用不恰当的一项是（）。
（2分）A.生活中，老李是个很直率的人，和人交往向来是“知无不言，言无不尽”。
B.时代的洪流滚滚向前，改变了千年来“日出而作，日落而息”的生活方式。
C.对待传统文化，我们应如鲁迅先生所说的，做到“取其精华，去其糟粕”。
D.不少同学作文时往往是“下笔千言，离题万里”，搜肠刮肚也找不到材料。
（2）将下列编号的语句依次填入语段的空白处，语意连贯的一项是（）。
（3分）规则意识的淡漠或者缺失，不仅仅是关乎个人素质的问题，__________，没有成熟的规则意识，同样会影响人与人之间的交流成本，让合作变得艰难。
①增加了个体在社会运行中不可预料的风险②因为没有规则意识契约精神就不可能成为社会主流③往大处说是阻碍社会文明进步的硬伤④往小处说将直接影响每个人的生活⑤没有契约精神何谈文明A.④①⑤③②B.③②⑤④①C.④①③②⑤ D.③①④②⑤二、阅读（70分）（一）阅读下文，完成第3-7题（16分）海洋，孕育上海海派文化时平（1）上海文化以引领时尚著称，在国际上也是一门引人关注的显学，而对上海海洋文化的研究却属于新生事物。
上海2018年高三一模11选10汇总
The human face is a remarkable piece of work. The astonishing variety of facial (1) _________ helps people recognize each other and is crucial to the formation of complex societies. So is the face's ability to send emotional (2) _________, whether through a(n) (3) _________ blush or a false smile. People spend much of their waking lives, in the office and the courtroom as well as the bar and the bedroom, reading faces, for signs of attraction, hostility and trust.Technology is rapidly catching up with the human ability to read faces. In America facial ecognition is used by churches to (4) _________ worshippers' attendance: in Britain, by retailers to spot past shoplifters. This year Welsh police used it to arrest a(n) (5) _________ outside a football game. In China it verifies the identities of ride-hailing drivers, (6) _________ tourists to enter attractions and lets people pay for things with a smile. Apple's new iPhone is expected to use it to (7) _________ the homescreen.Set against human skills, such applications might seem gradual. Some breakthroughs. such as flight or the Internet, obviously transform human abilities; facial recognition seems merely to encode them. Although faces are (8) _________ to individuals, they are also public, so technology does not, at first sight, intrude on something that is private. And yet the ability to record, (9)_________ and analyze images of faces cheaply, quickly and on a vast (10)_________ promises one day to bring about fundamental changes to notions of privacy, fairness and trust.The Black Swan, a rural pub in England has been named "the world's best restaurant" by TripAdvisor. After scoring up positive feedback, the review website (1) _________ the pub over fine dining establishments from New York to Paris in its (2) _________ Travelers' Choice awardsSo what's it got going for it?Firstly, this is isn't some backwater pub enjoying in insignificance. Tommy Banks, a(n) (3) _________ young cook, is already a TV regular in the UK and has had a Michelin star to his name since becoming the youngest receiver ever in 2013 at the age of 24. Secondly, it’s not really a pub any more. Like many rural UK pubs, the Black Swan had been in (4) _________ for many years before 2006, when Banks' family took over. After their attempts to run it as a pub struggled, they decided to make it a dining (5) _________.It now operates as both restaurant and fashionable (6) _________, offering food-and-stay packages that help draw customers to its truly (7) _________ location. It's usually booked up well in advance with (8) _________ coming from near and far. During CNN's visit, neighboring tables included a couple on an overnight break from their kids. Another (9) _________ two of the Banks brothers' old school teachers, on a trip up from York---(10) _________ the kind of crowd that have helped lift the Black Swan to TripAdvisor gloryExperts agree that it is becoming a growing trend that more and more consumers across the country are using cashless payment methods.In fact, as early as 1988. the State Council released (1) _________ to encourage bank transfers and to reduce using cash during economic activities. Today, the move toward a cashless society could “reduce the risks of using cash, save on costs and as a matter of convenience, prevent (2) _________ activities such as money laundering(洗钱). Dong Ximiao, a research fellow at Chongyang Institute for Financial Studies at the Renmin University of China, told the Global Times.But China is not the first country to seek a cashless society. Developed states like Sweden. Denmark and Singapore are also (3) _________ the increase of cashless payment. The rapid development does not mean there are no challenges and (4) _________.Alibaba’s Hema store, where customers can shop, dine and order goods for delivery from their mobile phones, have come into the spotlight recently. Media reports said that consumers can't purchase goods with cash there, which would be considered illegal. A Hema PR representative told the Global Times that all 13 Hema stores in the country do in fact allow consumers to pay in cash. She noted that Hema store simply (5) _________ consumers to pay via Alipay for convenience purposes.Alipay and WeChat Pay, the nation's two major third-party mobile payment tools, also (6) _________campaigns this month to encourage more merchants and customers to use cashless payment methods. Both called for the establishment of a "cashless society" which caused (7) _________ over whether cash will soon disappear. Dong (8) _________that a cashless society would not mean that cash would completely disappear. "As the economy grows, the (9) _________ of cash is still very huge,” noted Dong.Also, it's important to remember that nearly half of China's population lives in rural areas, especially in undeveloped western regions, and therefore is not able to enjoy (10) _________ brought by the Internet,” Dong said. "And when it comes to China's senior citizens, most of them prefer to use cash in their daily life,” he added.We are each responsible for our own decisions, even if the decision-making process has been cut down by stress or peer pressure. The real test of character is whether we can learn from our (1) _________, by understanding why we acted as we did, and then exploring ways to avoid (2) _________ problems in the futureMaking ethical (伦理的) decisions is a(n) (3) _________ part of avoiding future problems. We must learn to recognize risks, because if we can't see the risks we’re taking, we can't make responsible choices. To (4) _________ risks, we need to know the rules and be aware of the facts. For example, one who doesn't know the rules about plagiarism (剽窃) may accidentally use words or ideas without giving proper credit or one who fails to keep careful research notes may unintentionally fail to quote and cite sources as (5) _________. But the fact that such a violation is "unintentional" does not excuse the misconduct. Ignorance is not a (6) _________.Most people who get in trouble do know the rules and facts, but manage to fool themselves about the risks they're taking by using excuses: "Everyone else does it. ""I’m not hurting anyone, or "I really need this grade." Excuses can get very complex: "I know I'm looking at another's exam, even though l'm supposed to keep my eyes on my own paper, but that's not (7) _________ because I'm just checking my answers, not copying." We must be honest about our actions, and (8) _________ excuses. If we fool ourselves into (9) _________ we're not doing anything wrong, we can't see the real choice we’re making---and that leads to bad decisions.To avoid fooling yourself, watch out for excuses and try this test: Ask how you would feel if your actions were public, and anyone could be watching over your shoulder. Would you feel proud or (10) _________of your actions? If you'd rather hide your actions, that's a good indication that you’re taking a risk and rationalizing it to yourselfScientists have developed a new surgical glue that could transform emergency treatments by sealing up critical wounds in the skin or the organs, without the need for staples or sutures (钉合或缝合).It's called MeTro. It was developed by researchers from both Harvard Medical School and the University of Sydney, led by Nasim Annabi, an assistant professor of chemical (1) _________. The glue is made from a modified (改良的) human protein that responds to UV light, allowing the application and drying of the gel- like substance in just a minute.According to the international team of researchers behind the glue, it could quite literally be a lifesaver, sealing up wounds in 60 seconds without stopping the natural (2) _________ and relaxing of the organ or the skin it's applied to. Wounds (3) __________ with MeTro can heal up in half the time compared with stitches or staples, the researchers claim, and if surgery is required then MeTro can simplify that (4) _________ too. It's also one of several ways researchers are exploring to engineer our body's own natural substances to help repair it when needed.The (5) _________applications are powerful--- from treating serious (6) _________ wounds at emergency sites such as following car accidents and in war zones, as well as improving hospital surgeries.MeTro is simple to apply, can be easily stored, and works closely with natural (7) _________ to heal a wound. What's more, it degrades without leaving any kind of poisonous leftovers in the body.For now the trials are (8) _________ to animal models. But human trials are in the works, and the results to date are incredibly (9) _________. If the MeTro can be further developed into a (10) _________product, it could become an essential part of a first responder's toolkit.The din (喧嚣) of a loud restaurant or party can make conversation difficult for anyone---but for the elderly, these settings can make it nearly impossible. The mechanics of hearing (1) _________ with age, but the latest research focuses on another part of the problem---the slower (2) _________ speed of aging brains, which have to work harder to translate sound into intelligible (可理解的) language.Research shows that musicians are better able to pick out speech from surrounding noise as they age compared to non-musicians. And a new study of auditory training with a (3) _________ available brain training program suggests that most people who are hard of hearing can develop the same skills. The scientists showed that people trained for 40 hours over 8 weeks with Posit Science's "Brain Fitness" were able to pick out 41% more words from background noise compared to those who watched educational DVDs and were quizzed on their (4) _________ after the same amount of time. The authors received no funding from the makers of the program: the study was (5) _________ by the National Institutes of Health.The research included 67 older adults between 55 and 70, with an average age of 63. The auditory training came in the form of (6) _________ hearing tasks that primed the participants to hear better by requiring them to identify various speech sounds and (7) _________ between similar sounding syllables (音节), for example, as well as repeating back words and remembering stories.Both those who received the training and those who watched the DVDs were tested on short term memory, brain processing speed and the ability to hear speech in noisy settings. All of the participants showed improvement in these three (8) _________, but for the first time, the scientists also documented that the sharper hearing was (9) _________ by earlier signaling in the brainstem.As the authors write in their paper, the training not only improved the ability to decode speech in noisy situations, but also sped up the brain’s ability to (10) _________to the sound---bringing it to more “youthful” levels.7. 长宁/嘉定高三一模卷（2018）What is leadership? Its qualities are difficult to define, but they are not so difficult to identify. Leaders don’t force other people to go along with them. They bring them along. Leaders get trust from others by giving it themselves, by building an environment that (1) _________ creativity, and by operating with honesty and fairness.Good leaders don’t work alone. They recognize that an organization’s strategies for success require the (2) _________ talents and efforts of members. Leadership is the catalyst (催化剂) for transforming those talents into (3) _________.Successful leaders are emotionally and intellectually looking into the future not stuck in the past. They have a(an) (4) _________ to take responsibility and to innovate. They are not (5) _________ with merely taking care of what has already been there. They want to move forward to create something new.Leaders provide answers as well as direction, offer strength as well as devotion, and speak from experience as well as (6) _________ of the problems they face and the people they work with.Leaders are (7) _________ rather than absolute. They believe in unity rather than yielding. And they strive to achieve agreements out of conflict.Leadership is all about getting people (8) _________ to give their best, helping them to grow to their fullest potential, and motivating them to work toward a common good. Leaders make the right things happen when they’re (9) _________ to.A good leader, an effective leader, is one who has respect. Respect is something you have to have in order to receive. A leader who has respect for other people at all levels of an organization, for the work they do and for their abilities, desires and needs, will find that respect is (10) _________. And all concerned will be motivated to work together.A large-scale cultural exploration program National Treasure《国家宝藏》made its first show on CCTV on Sunday night. In the first episode, the Palace Museum in Beijing showcased three treasures.As a (1) _________ variety show, the National Treasure aims to showcase the background stories of national treasures and (2) _________ various art forms. In the show, "national treasure keepers ” acted by famous and common people will present treasures, telling their stories with the collections and interpreting the historical (3) _________. The show aims to inspire the ancient Chinese civilization and make the national treasures "come alive”.This is not the first time for the Palace Museum in Beijing to be (4) _________ welcomed online in China, thanks to its efforts in cultural products and self-promotion in recent years.Last year, the museum (5) _________ so much attention because of the huge success of the three-episode TV documentary, Masters in the Forbidden City and a movie with the same name. Over the last few years, the museum has (6) _________ 495 signposts and 1400 new chairs have been provided. In addition, the Palace Museum opened a (an) (7) _________ online store on e-commerce platform Taobao, selling related products. It also started their self-promotion through new media, publishing articles to promote the culture of the museum. It (8) _________ swept the Internet by its humorous style and interesting content. At the same time, the Palace Museum has published several mobile apps, one of which saw over 200,000 downloads just two weeks after its (9) _________ in 2013. Its self-promotion has achieved great results. In 2012, the museum saw 15 million visitors. And it received 16 million visitors last year.The museum is also a popular (10) _________ among foreign leaders. For example, US President Donald Trump and his wife visited the Palace Museum on Nov 8.How to Stick to Good Habits by Using the "2-Minute Rule"Most of the tasks that you procrastinate on (that is to say, you postpone doing what you should be doing.) aren't actually difficult to do --- you have the talent and skills to (1) _________ them---you just avoid starting them for one reason or another. The 2-Minute Rule (2) _________ procrastination and laziness by making it so easy to start taking action that you can't say no. It might sound like this strategy is too basic for your (3) _________ life goals, but I beg to differ. It works for any goal because of one simple reason: the (4) _________ of real life.As Sir Isaac Newton taught us a long time ago, objects at rest tend to stay at rest and objects in motion tend to stay in motion. This is just as true for humans as it is for falling apples. Once you start doing something, it's easier to (5) _________doing it. I love the 2-Minute Rule because it takes up the idea that all sorts of good things happen once you get started.The most important part of any new habit is getting started- not just the first time, but each time. It's not about performance, it's about (6) _________ taking action. In many ways, getting started is more important than succeeding. This is (7) _________ true in the beginning because there will be plenty of time to improve your performance later on. The 2-Minute Rule isn't about the results you achieve, but rather about the (8) _________ of actually doing the work. I can't guarantee whether or not the 2-Minute Rule will work for you. But, I can guarantee that it will never work if you never try it.The problem with most articles you read, podcasts you listen to, or videos you watch is that you (9) _________ the information but never put it into practice. I want this article to be different. I want you to actually use this information, right now. What’s something you can do that will take you less than two minutes? Do it right now. Anyone can (10) _________ the next 120 seconds. Use this time to get one thing done. Go.Company Builds World' s First Automobile Vending Machine(自动贩卖机) Thanks to used-car website Carvana, it is now possible to buy your own set of wheels at the touch of a button, from the world's first and only coin-operated car vending machine in Nashville. Tennessee. It's quick, easy, and not cheap, but cheaper than buying a car the old way.The company has been working on the concept for the past two years. Their (1) _________ car vending machine was installed in Atlanta in 2013. But they’ve spent time improving the design, in order to take user experience to the next level. "Our new Vending Machine is a state-of-the-art, multi- story structure that delivers our customers' cars by merely (2) _________ a special coin,” said Carvana CEO Ernie Garcia.The machine consists of a five-story glass tower that can hold up to 20 cars at a time. The tower basically serves as a(n) (3) _________ point for used cars that customers purchase through the website, enabling (4) _________ pricing and eliminating delivery costs.Customers can access a long list of specifications, ratings, reviews, and lots of other details about the cars they’re interested in on the Carvana website. They even get (5) _________ tours that point out every scratch on the body of the car. Once the car is chosen and paid for, the company usually delivers the car to the customer for a seven-day trial period. This usually means the delivery costs are worked into the (6) _________ of the vehicle.But with the Vending Machine, customers are able to go to pick up their cars straight away. It’s a win-win (7) _________ that allows Carvana to cut down on staff and overhead(间接费用), and save customers about $2.000 as well. According to the company, it also makes for a great (8) _________experience --- placing an oversized coin in a slot (硬币投币口) and watching their car roll down automatically.Carvana's (9) _________ is to create a better way to buy a car, and this new Vending Machine will be a one-of-a-kind experience, (10) _________ just how simple and easy we’ve made it to buy a car online,” Garcia said. He added the company plans to build more car vending machines in the future.The discovery builds on earlier findings showed that a class of genes called splicing (胶接) factors is progressively switched off as we age. The research team found that splicing factors can be switched back on with chemicals, making aging cells not only look (1) _________ younger, but start to divide like young cells.The researchers applied compounds chemicals based on a (2) _________ naturally found in red wine, dark chocolate, red grapes and blueberries, to cells in culture. The chemicals (3) _________ splicing factors, which are progressively switched off as we age to be switched back on. Within hours, the cells looked younger and started to behave like young cells.The discovery has the (4) _________ to lead to therapies which could help people age better, without experiencing some of the backward effects of getting old. Most people by the age of 85 have experienced some kind of constant illness, and as people get older they are more likely to suffer from heart disease and cancerProfessor Harries said: "This is a first step in trying to make people live (5) _________ lifetime, but with health for their entire life. Our data suggests that using chemicals to switch back on the major class of genes that are switched off as we age might provide a means to (6) _________ function to old cells.”Dr. Eva Latorre, Research Associate at the University of Exeter, who carried out the experiments, was surprised by the (7) _________ and rapidity of the changes in the cells."When I saw some of the cells in the culture dish (8) _________ I couldn't believe it. These old cells were looking like young cells. It was like magic." she said. "I repeated the experiments several times and in each case the cells refreshed. I am very excited by the implications and potential for this research.As we age, our tissues gather aging cells which are alive but do not grow or (9) _________ as they should. These old cells lose the ability to correctly regulate the output of their genes. This is one reason why tissues and organs become exposed to disease as we age. When stimulated, genes make a message that gives the (10) _________ for the cell to behave in a certain way. Most genes can make more than one message, which determines how the cell acts.Splicing factors are crucial in ensuring that genes can perform their full range of functions.There's nothing more annoy ing than settling down to sleep and hearing the sound of a mosquito buzzing around you.The only thought most of us ever give to this noise is "I need to get rid of this insect immediately", but it turns out that the mosquito is actually quite a(n) (1) _________creature.A team of scientists from Oxford University in the UK, in (2) _________ with the Royal Veterinary College in London and Chiba University in Japan, recently published a study that found some interesting facts about the world's most (3) _________insect.By placing eight cameras inside a tiny film studio, the scientists could study several mosquitoes up close. The high-tech cameras filmed the insects at 1000 frames per second, meaning the scientists were able to study the insects (4) _________in never-before-seen detail. However, it wasn’t always straightforward.“Recording mosquitoes during free-flight represented a huge technical challenge due to their small size, (5) _________wing-beat frequency, and the presence of large antennae and legs that can (6) _________ the view of their wings, " Simon Walker of Oxford University, co-author of the study, wrote.Published in the journal Nature, the study found that mosquitoes flap their wings around 800 times a second. As a(n) (7) _________, house flies flap their wings about 200 times a second, and hummingbirds 50 times a second.Richard Bomphrey of the royal Veterinary College, the study's leader, believes that mosquitoes have a unique flying method that sets them apart from other flying insects."We predicted they must make use of clever tricks, as the wings (8) _________ their direction at the end of each half-stroke, "he wrote in the study.Hopefully, the discovery of the mosquito's special abilities will be of benefit to engineers in the future. The findings could lead to better aircraft, or even improvements to tools like lenses or pumps.But the scientists hope their study can one day be (9) _________ to new developments in more human-focused use. “The more we know about mosquitoes, the better our chance of understanding their fight behavior, how they carry disease and (10) _________how to stop them from doing so,” Walker wrote.How many times have parents had to argue with their young son or daughter about getting their face out of their phone and focusing on the world around them? It’s completely normal for parents of growing children to be concerned about their child's safety, but is their (1) _________ to social media really harming them?Social media was created to connect people with others online and has recently been added to smartphones, making it far more accessible than it (2) _________ was. This new way to easily be able to use social media has encouraged children and teens to begin to use sites such as Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram frequently. Maturing teens and children are usually very timid when it comes to (3) _________ with their families, which they sometimes view as “annoying”. So, what do these kids use as a solution or a(n) "(4) _________” ? The answer is simple: social media.However, when we use social media for a large amount of time, parents tend to show concern for their child and blame social media for (5) _________ their attention.The word, "social" was entered into the term, social media, for a reason. Parents of growing teens don't seem to understand that. When they see their child using Twitter or Instagram they think that they are using it to get away from real world (6) _________. The truth, however, is that they are using it to connect with their close friends, make new friends, and receive information about what is currently happening in the modern world.Children and teens are (7) ________accused for using social media only for entertainment purposes and for huge amounts of time. Sure everyone who uses social media enjoys< contacting their friends and viewing entertaining things, but how come children receive all of the (8) _________for abusing it? Parents should really think about how social media can help children and teens learn and grow in the real world rather than it just being another (9) _________.Social media as a whole has both positive and negative aspects, but after all of the (10) _________ from pre-teens, teens, and parents is put together, it shows that media is actually helping the newer generations in their lives.Puppy Dog Eyes Are for the Benefits of HumansDogs make puppy dog Eyes Are for the Benefits of Humans and rarely use the pleasing facial expression when on their own, a new study has shown.It has long been assumed that animal facial expressions are involuntary and dependent on emotional state rather than a way to communicate.But scientists at the University's Dog Cognition Centre at Portsmouth University have found that dogs mostly use facial expressions when humans are present, as a direct response to attention. Puppy dog eyes, in which the (1) _________is raised to make the eyes appear wider and sadder, was found to be the most (2) _________ used expression in the study. Researchers do not know whether the dogs are aware they look sadder, or have just learned that widening their eyes invites (3) _________ and affection in humans.Dog cognition expert Dr. Juliane Kaminski: "We can now be (4) _________ that the production of facial expressions made by dogs are dependent on the attention state of their audience and are not just a result of dogs being excited.”“In our study they produced far more expressions when someone was watching, but seeing food (5) _________ did not have the same effect.”The findings appear to support evidence that dogs are (6) _________ to humans attention and that expressions are (7) _________active attempts to communicate, not simple emotional displays. "The researchers studied 24 dogs of various breeds, aged one to 12. All were family pets. Each dog was tied by a lead a meter away from a person, and the dogs' faces were (8) _________ throughout a range of exchanges, from the person being oriented towards the dog, to being distracted, with her body turned away from the dog.They found that when a human was not watching the animal, they (9) _________ facial expressions.Dr Kaminski said it is possible that dogs' expressions have evolved as they were (10) _________. “Domestic dogs have a unique history --- they have lived alongside humans for 30,000 years and during that time selection pressures seem to have acted on dogs' ability to communicate with us,” she said.。
上海闵行2018二模政治试卷1
闵行区2017学年第二学期高三年级质量调研考试政治试卷考生注意：1、考试时间60分钟，试卷满分100分。
2、本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，试卷包括试题与答题要求。
所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3、答题前，务必在答题纸上填写姓名、学校。
4、答题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的，答题时应特别注意，不能错位。
一、单项选择题（共20小题，每小题3分,满分60分。
）1.以下能够体现国家政权履行公共服务职能的是A.2017年市政府已改造四十家农村薄弱养老机构，提升养老机构服务能级B.2018年中共中央特别关注提高农村民生保障水平，塑造美丽乡村新风貌C.2017年国务院部署扩大和升级信息消费，释放内需潜力培育发展新动力2.党的十八大以来，国家主席习近平着眼于实现“两个一百年”奋斗目标、实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦，鲜明提出党在新形势下的强军目标。
要实现强军目标首先要A.坚持党的领导B.坚持科技强军C.坚持依法治军3.十三届全国人大一次会议审议并批准了国务院机构改革方案，这是在行使A.最高监督权B.最高立法权C.最高决定权4.第十三届全国人民代表大会第一次会议表决宪法修正案草案，采用无记名投票方式，以全体代表的三分之二以上赞成票通过。
这充分说明我国国家机构运行的原则是A.民主集中制原则B.少数服从多数原则C.实行平等原则5.依据《上海市烟花爆竹安全管理条例》，2018年春节期间，上海市继续强化烟花爆竹销售的源头管理，严格经营许可、严控市场投放总量、严格销售现场管理等。
上海市的做法体现了A.有法可依B.有法必依C.违法必究6.依法治国是党领导人民治理国家的基本方略，依法治国首先是A.完善法律制度B.依宪法治国C.维护法制权威7.国家处理台湾问题的基本方针是A.建立互信、搁置争议B.求同存异、共创双赢C.和平统一、一国两制8.公民有序的政治参与是人民当家作主的重要体现，公民进行政治参与的最重要、最直接、最广泛的政治权利是依法参与A.民主选举B.民主决策C.民主管理9.某知名面包糕点企业，使用价格更低的肉粉松为原料制作面包，却以肉松面包的名义对外宣传和销售。
高三政治-2018届高三政治班模拟考试题参考答案 最新
18届高三政治班模拟考试题参考答案一、选择题I：在每题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是最符合题意的。
本大题共24小题，二、选择题II：在下列各题的四个选项中，至少有一项是符合题意的。
本大题共9小题，每三、简答题：本大题共2小题，每小题10分，共20分。
34. (1)说明我国贯彻依法治国原则；全国人大常委会行使立法权；表明了我国开展国际合作惩治腐败的决心。
(4分)(2)联合国在协调国际关系、促进各国合作方面发挥重要作用；国际法在国家关系发展中有重要作用；对话与合作是国际关系的主流；我国积极开展国际合作，支持联合国根据宪章精神所进行的各项工作。
(答对三点即可得6分)35．①价值规律发挥调节作用。
市场经济具有竞争性。
市场调节具有自发性、盲目性的弱点和缺陷。
(5分)②人多地少是我国农业发展的最大制约因素，生产粘土砖耗费大量土地资源，影响农业的可持续发展。
煤矸石生产线的闲置，造成了技术设备等资源的浪费，影响了环境的改善。
(5分)四、辨析题：本大题共2小题，第36题11分，第37题10分，共21分。
仅作判断不说明理由不得分。
36．(1)政府谋大局要切实履行好各项职能，保证国家富强、社会稳定。
(2分)(2)我国的国家机构是人民意旨的执行者和利益捍卫者。
政府管“国计”，应主动为民着想，处处考虑群众的切身利益，即“民生”。
(3分)(3)群众重“民生”即关注切身利益，这是生存和发展之本，但也应该为国家着想。
因为国家利益代表了公民的整体利益和长远利益。
(3分)(4)当然，国家利益和公民的个人利益在某些具体问题上也会出现一些矛盾。
此时，个人利益必须服从国家利益，这是具备公民意识和爱国的表现。
(3分)(考生答题与答案不完全一致，只要不死背教材中的现成结论，言之有理，均可酌情给分。
)37、（1）辨证唯物主义认为，物质决定意识，意识对物质具有反作用。
世界上先有物质后有意识，意识是物质的反映。
不论意识的反作用有多大，它总是受着客观物质条件的制约，归根到底是由物质决定的。
闵行区2018学年第一学期高三年级质量调研考试 带答案
闵行区2018学年第一学期高三年级质量调研考试物理试卷试卷满分100分，考试时间60分钟。
本考试分设试卷和答题纸。
试卷包括三大部分，第一部分为单项选择题，第二部分为填空题，第三部分为综合题。
一、单项选择题（共40分，1至8题每小题3分，9至12题每小题4分。
每小题只有一个正确选项）1.下列物理量中属于矢量的是D（A ）温度 （B ）重力势能 （C ） 电流强度 （D ）电场强度 2.下列单位，属于国际单位制中基本单位的是B（A ）牛顿 （B ）开尔文 （C ）焦耳 （D ）特斯拉 3.如图所示，小明将一个小球轻轻放置在列车中的水平桌面上，若小球相对桌面C （A ）静止，可知列车在匀速前进 （B ）向前运动，可知列车在加速前进 （C ）向前运动，可知列车在减速前进 （D ）向后运动，可知列车在减速前进4.让矿泉水瓶绕自身中心轴转动起来，带动瓶中水一起高速稳定旋转时，水面形状接近图D5.在“用单分子油膜估测分子的大小”实验中，下列对实验过程的分析正确的是D （A ）测量一滴油酸酒精溶液体积用的是微小量放大法 （B ）在水面上撒痱子粉是为了使油膜边缘形成规则形状 （C ）在坐标纸上计算油膜轮廓内格子数采用的是比值法 （D ）该实验采用的是借助物理模型间接测量的方法6.复兴号高铁从虹桥站开出，可看作初速度为零的匀加速直线运动，在此过程列车的动能B（A ）与它所经历的时间成正比 （B ）与它的位移成正比（A ）（B ）（C ）（D ）前后（C ）与它的速度成正比 （D ）与它的加速度成正比7.某同学找了一个用过的“易拉罐”，在罐体的侧面打了一个洞，用手指按住洞，向罐中装满水，然后将“易拉罐”竖直向上抛出，空气阻力不计，则D （A ）“易拉罐”上升的过程中，洞中射出的水速度越来越快 （B ）“易拉罐”下降的过程中，洞中射出的水速度越来越快 （C ）“易拉罐”上升、下降的过程中，洞中射出的水速度都不变 （D ）“易拉罐”上升、下降的过程中，水不会从洞中射出8.甲、乙两汽车在同一条平直公路上同向运动，其速度—时间图像如图中甲、乙两条曲线所示。
奉贤区高三政治一模试卷及答案
2012学年第一学期期末奉贤区调研测试高三政治选修试卷（一模）20XX年1月命题人：张世杨、沈桂娥、钟龙飞考生注意：1、考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
2、本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，试卷包括试题与答题要求。
所有答题必须写在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
一、单项选择题（共90分，每题3分。
每题只能选一个选项。
）1．政治生活很广泛，政治生活领域的核心是( )A．经济建设 B．国家政权 C．以人为本 D．政治观点2．我国人民民主专政的最大特点是( )A.最大多数人对极少数人的统治B.工农联盟是其广泛的阶级基础C.工人阶级通过共产党领导政权D.根据刑法打击敌对分子的破坏3．国家权力通常由国家政权机关行使。
下列属于国家政权机关的是()A．居委会和村委会B．区人民政协C．奉贤区委D．基层人民法院4．人民代表大会制度是我国的根本政治制度，这是因为人民代表大会制度( )①以突出人民的权力为核心②是我国人民当家作主的根本途径和方式③是我国政治制度的基础④保证了国家机关协调高效运转A．①②④ B．①②③④ C．①②③ D．②③④5．近年来，全国人民代表大会开会期间，全体会议公开举行，绝大多数人大代表团分组会议也对外开放，许多代表团还在讨论结束后留出时间接受中外媒体集体采访。
人大会议对公众开放的原因是( )①国家权力机关必须对人民负责②依法行政建设法治国家的需要③国家自信和政治民主发展的需要④公民直接参与公共决策的要求A．①② B．①③ C．①②④ D．②③④6．20XX年10月，全国人大常委会审议通过了《中华人民共和国精神卫生法》。
全国人大常委会在全国人大闭会期间依法行使（）A．最高立法权 B．决定权C．国家立法权 D．表决权7．通过行使法律监督权，保证国家法律统一实施的机关是( )A．人大及其常委会 B．人民法院C．监察部D．人民检察院8．中国特色的社会主义民主政治，是适合中国国情和社会进步要求的选择，其鲜明的中国特色表现为是( )①中国共产党领导的人民民主②由最广大人民当家作主的民主③以人民民主专政作为可靠保障的民主④以民主集中制为根本活动原则和活动方式的民主A．①②③④ B．②④ C．①③④ D．①②9．在广征民意的基础上，新的刑事诉讼法在证据制度、强制措施等方面增加了有关“尊重保障人权”的规定。
高三政治参考答案
松江区2018学年度第一学期高三政治模拟考试卷参考答案及评分标准三、简答题（32分）31．【答案示例】（1）①国家利益是国际关系的决定性因素。
②和平与发展是当今世界的两大主题。
③我国奉行独立自主的和平外交政策。
（和平共处五项原则是我国处理对外关系的基本准则。
我国坚持“以邻为善、以邻为伴”的方针和“睦邻、安邻、富邻”政策，积极发展同周边国家的睦邻友好关系。
）④我国坚持走和平发展道路。
（写出1个观点，给2分，写出2个观点给3分）（2）答案示例1:国家利益是国际关系的决定性因素。
维护国家利益是主权国家制定和推行对外政策的依据，是对外活动的目的和归宿。
共同利益是国际间合作的基础，不同利益则是引起国家间摩擦或冲突的根源。
我国全面发展同周边国家的关系，不仅符合我国的国家利益，而且符合周边国家的利益。
答案示例2:和平与发展是当今世界的两大主题。
要和平，求合作，促发展已成为时代的主流。
我国积极发展与周边国家的友好合作关系，这符合当今时代和平与发展主题，有利于为我国发展争取良好的周边环境，使我国发展更多惠及周边国家，实现共同发展。
答案示例3:我国奉行独立自主的和平外交政策。
我国坚持在和平共处五项原则基础上同所有国家建立和发展友好合作关系。
我国坚持“以邻为善、以邻为伴”的方针和“睦邻、安邻、富邻”的政策，积极发展同周边国家的睦邻友好关系。
我国积极发展与周边国家的友好关系是我国维护世界和平、促进共同发展的宗旨的具体体现。
答案示例4:我国坚持走和平发展道路。
我国始终不渝走和平发展道路，这是我国政府和人民根据时代发展潮流和自身根本利益作出的战略抉择。
中华民族是热爱和平的民族，中国始终是维护世界和平的坚定力量，因此，我们必然要积极发展与周边国家的友好关系。
32．【答案示例】（1）政治选举、政治结社、政治表达（3分）（2）①网络等传媒具有透明度高、影响广、时效快等特点，我们应善于利用它们为我们政治参与服务。
（2分）②我们应当依照法律的规定依法有序地运用网络等传媒进行政治参与，应在宪法和法律赋予公民的民主权利的范围内进行政治参与，坚持权利与义务相统一。
2018年上海市闵行中学高二政治模拟试卷含解析
2018年上海市闵行中学高二政治模拟试卷含解析一、选择题（共28小题，每小题2分，共56分。
在每小题的四个选项中，只有一项是最符合题目要求的）1. 面对纷繁复杂的文化现象，我们应当（）①兼容并包，全面吸收②提高辨别能力和抵御能力③奏响主旋律，大力发展先进文化④积极进行文化建设，发展中国特色社会主义文化A．①②③B．②③④ C．①③④ D．①②④参考答案：B2. 在漫画《封锁》中，支配该家长封锁电视机做法的思想基础是A．唯物主义世界观 B．客观唯心主义世界观C．形而上学世界观 D．唯物辩证的自然观参考答案：C3. 2011年8月第四届中国东北文化产业博展交易会在沈阳举行。
展会重点打具有浓郁东北地方民族民俗风情的文化品牌，以展示东北地区丰富的文化资源和文化特色。
这表明A．地域文化之间没有共性 B．地域文化都是在本地域独立形成的C．地域文化具有各自的特色 D．中华文化在性质上是全国地域文化的总和参考答案：C4. 右图显示出，小排量车购置税恢复按10%税率征收，将会带来A.国家财政收入的增加B.汽车企业投资的增加[来源: ]C.汽车燃油价格的上涨D．汽车供求关系的改变参考答案：D5. 今天，面对建设社会主义新农村的重大任务，中央一再强调各个地方不要停留在宣传和口号上，不要搞形式主义。
从哲学上说，这就是要求我们A．做任何事都不需要形式B．要一切从实际出发，实事求是C．要在尊重客观规律的基础上充分发挥主观能动性D．要用联系、发展的观点看问题参考答案：B6. 2011年11月23日针对我国宏观经济形势的变化，中国人民银行将对货币政策进行适时适度微调，除继续贯彻实施稳健的货币政策，引导金融机构加大对“三农”、小微企业等经济社会薄弱环节的信贷支持。
央行的决策体现了()A．物质与意识不可分 B．物质与意识同等重要C．思维与存在具有同一性 D．思维是对存在的正确反映参考答案：C7. 思维的特征是（）①间接性②概括性③先进性④趣味性A. ①②B. ②④C.③④D.①③参考答案：A8. 马克思、恩格斯在创立自己哲学的过程中，对待黑格尔的辩证法和费尔巴哈的唯物主义采取了全面科学的态度。
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闵行区2017学年第一学期高三年级质量调研考试政治试卷考生注意：1、考试时间60分钟，试卷满分100分。
2、本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，试卷包括试题与答题要求。
所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3、答题前，务必在答题纸上填写姓名、学校。
4、答题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的，答题时应特别注意，不能错位。
一、单项选择题（共20小题，每小题3分,满分60分。
）1.我国社会主义国家性质的首要标志是A.工人阶级领导B.工农联盟基础C.人民民主专政2.2017年11月8日，上海市人民政府办公厅印发《“十三五”上海市结核病防治规划》的通知，进一步推进本市结核病防治工作，减少结核病危害。
这是政府A.协调人民内部关系B.优化社会公共治理C.加强社会公共服务3.2017年3月5日，十二届全国人民代表大会五次会议听取了国务院总理李克强所作的政府工作报告。
这是全国人大在行使A.最高决定权B.最高监督权C.最高立法权4.下列属于我国司法机关的是A.闵行区公安局B.闵行区人民法院C.闵行区教育局法制科5.从根本上说，民主主要是指一个国家的政治制度，它包括A.民主制度、民主权利、民主作风等B.政治民主、经济民主、文化民主等C.国家性质、国家政体、政党制度等6.《上海市环境保护条例》实施一年多，申城大气、水等环境质量改善明显，法规效果初步显现。
这说明依法治国有利于A.促进经济健康发展B.提高公民环保能力C.保证国家长治久安7. 2017年12月6日，中共中央在中南海召开党外人士座谈会，就今年经济形势和明年经济工作听取各民主党派中央、全国工商联负责人和无党派人士代表的意见和建议。
这有利于A.发挥人民政协在协商民主中的重要作用B.中国共产党通过政治协商实现科学决策C.中国共产党加强自身建设以保持先进性8.中国共产党第十九次全国代表大会，是在全面建成小康社会决胜阶段、中国特色社会主义进入新时代的关键时期召开的一次十分重要的大会，事关党和国家事业继往开来，事关中国特色社会主义前途命运，事关最广大人民根本利益。
这充分体现了党对国家的A.政治领导B.组织领导C.思想领导9.党的十九大把坚持人与自然和谐共生作为基本方略，进一步明确了建设生态文明，建设美丽中国的总体要求。
这要求我们必须坚持A.劳动密集型发展方式B.资本密集型发展方式C.技术密集型发展方式10.银行一年定期存款的年利率为3.5%。
银行有自动转存业务，存款到期不取，会自动将利息和本金再转存一定年份。
张先生将20000元存入银行，2年后，他将获得的利息是A.700元B. 724.5元C. 1424.5元11.下列属于健全社会保障制度举措的是A.2017年1月1日起，北京市城乡低保标准从800元调整为900元B.2017年4月1日起，上海市最低工资标准从2190元调整到2300元C.2017年，广州某公司为员工办理社会保险，提供工作午餐补助等12.1916年，爱因斯坦广义相对论预言了引力波的存在，但直到2015年人类才首次探测到引力波。
2017年10月16日，多国科学家宣布人类第一次探测到双中子星并合引力波，并同时“看到”该宇宙事件发出的电磁信号。
从唯物论的角度看，这体现了A.实践是社会历史性活动B.物质可以被人们认识的C.运动是物质的根本属性13.将生物钟的研究成果广泛运用于经济社会生活，对生命的研究、对生活的质量、对人类与自然的和谐等，都将产生极其重要的影响。
材料体现了A.事物之间都是普遍联系的B.原因和结果可以相互转化C.整体和部分是相互联系的14．综合分析国际国内形势和我国发展条件，从2020年到本世纪中叶可以分两个阶段来安排的“两步走”战略。
如右图这体现的哲学道理是A.发展就是事物性质变化B.量变必然引起质的飞跃C.质变是量变的必然结果15.金砖五国虽然国情不同，但处在相近发展阶段，具有相同发展目标，都已进入经济爬坡过坎的时期。
加强发展战略对接，将激发五国增长潜力和人民创造力，开辟出巨大发展空间。
这说明加强发展战略对接，有利于金砖五国A.抓住主要矛盾解决重点问题B.立足自身优势实现共同发展C.迁移他国经验加速本国发展16.十八大以来，我国改革全面发力、多点突破、纵深推进，共推出一千五百多项改革举措，主要领域改革主体框架基本确立。
这体现了我国A.推进物质生产实践，不断解放和发展生产力B.不断调整变革社会关系，大力推进社会建设C.开展社会科学实验，以提高改造世界的能力17-20题，每小题只能选一个答案，选出最佳答案得3 分，次佳答案得2 分，错选得0 分17．“天眼”之父南仁东为了选择建设我国射电望远镜的最佳地址，放弃了国外三百倍的工资，以瘦弱的身躯，跑遍了偏僻无人的山沟，奉献了人生的最后22年。
有人说：他用生命成就国家骄傲。
人们之所以这样评价他，主要是因为A.他用劳动和奉献促进我国天文事业发展B.他能够作出正确的价值判断和价值选择C.他的事迹引导人们选择正确的人生道路18.过去五年，面对复杂的国内国际环境，我们坚持稳中求进，迎难而上，开拓进取，取得了改革开放和社会主义现代化建设的历史性成就。
这说明A.意识能推动客观事物发展B.物质对意识具有决定作用C.坚持实事求是的工作作风19.2016年，国家对部分商品消费税进行了调整，对普通化妆品免征消费税，对130万元以上豪华小汽车加征消费税。
此举目的是A.扩大税基，增加财政收入B.调节经济，引导合理消费C.维护公平，缩小收入差距20.中国人民的梦想同各国人民的梦想息息相通，实现中国梦离不开和平的国际环境和稳定的国际秩序。
必须统筹国内国际两个大局，始终不渝走和平发展道路、奉行互利共赢的开放战略，坚持正确义利观，树立共同、综合、合作、可持续的新安全观，谋求开放创新、包容互惠的发展前景，促进和而不同、兼收并蓄的文明交流，构筑尊崇自然、绿色发展的生态体系，始终做世界和平的建设者、全球发展的贡献者、国际秩序的维护者。
对材料主旨概括最全面的是A.坚持推动构建人类命运共同体B.不断推进国家治理体系现代化C.积极维护世界和平稳定与安全二、材料分析题（共20分）21. 十余年来，中国快递业快速发展，快递量增长30倍，民营快递企业高速成长。
（1）运用市场运作机制的相关知识，分析产生上图所反映的经济现象的原因。
（10分）（2）近期，不少快递企业和电商平台纷纷试水绿色物流。
比如，某企业推出共享快递盒，得到众多友点赞。
但也有人说：“当前我国快递业务量巨大，要想普及共享快递盒，很难做到。
”运用前进性与曲折性辩证统一的原理，简要评析上述观点。
（10分）三、论述题（20分）22. 中国积极推进“一带一路”倡议，通过同区域伙伴共商、共建、共享，为亚太互联互通事业作贡献。
“一带一路”助推中车发展“一带一路”倡议提出来的4年间，中国中车主动对接各国各地发展需求，为沿线各国提供了各具特色的产品，积极担当起“多个角色”。
以其在马来西亚发展为例：第一个角色是文化的“传译者”。
中国中车为马来西亚提供的动车组上，既考虑了当地的风俗习惯，也考虑到宗教信仰等。
除了融合当地的文化要素之外，还针对具体情况、具体线路进行设计。
第二个角色是人才的“孵化器”。
在推进“一带一路”、和对方共建的过程当中，把中车马来西亚公司的员工交流到中国的学校、企业中进行学习，进而提高技能。
第三个角色是产业的“推进器”。
在产业布局上，追求繁荣共享。
中车马来西亚公司是东盟区第一家轨道交通装备制造企业，对拉动当地的产业链发展做出了积极贡献。
经过努力，中国中车在马来西亚这几年的订单源源不断，最近3年来共收到近100亿元人民币的订单。
结合材料，从生产要素或对外开放的角度论述：我国企业如何利用“一带一路”契机，更好地“走出去”。
要求：（1）运用相关知识概括中车在“走出去”过程中的两条经验，联系论题，形成总论点；（2）理论论证中论题、总论点、分论点内在逻辑一致，论述逻辑较准确，连贯、完整；（3）概括地引用“一带一路”助推中车发展的材料进行事实验证，以充分支持分论点；（4）准确使用思想政治术语；（5）建议论述篇幅限制在400字左右；政治参考答案二、材料分析题（1）上图说明10年来快递单价呈下降趋势，不过趋势有所放缓。
（2分）价格机制、供求机制和竞争机制是市场运作的三大机制，三者之间相互作用，相互影响。
（2分）从材料中看到，10年来，快递业快速发展，快递数量快速增长，单位成本下降，导致快递单价不断下降；同时快递公司不断增加，竞争加剧，促进快递公司不断的改进技术，改善管理，降低成本，导致快递单价不断下降。
（6分）（2）事物的发展，是在前进中有曲折，在曲折中向前进。
前进性和曲折性的统一，是一切新事物发展的基本途径。
（2分）事物发展的实质是新事物战胜旧事物。
共享快递盒是一个新事物，本身不可避免地存在这样或那样的缺陷，被人们接受需要有一个过程，其普及不会一帆风顺。
共享快递盒符合可持续发展的理念，符合事物发展规律，具有强大的生命力，其前途是光明的。
（6分）题中观点只看到共享快递盒普及的曲折性，没看到事物发展的前途是光明的，是片面的。
我们要有走曲折道路的思想准备，善于在曲折中前进。
（2分）三、论述题我国企业充分利用“一带一路”带来的契机，改善经营管理，坚持互利共赢，实现更好的走出去。
企业要更好的走出去，需要改善经营管理。
走出去过程中，企业将面对多样的文化、宗教，更为广阔的市场等等，只有不断的改善经营管理，提高管理水平，才能有效的整合资源，才能解决“水土不服”的问题，更好的走出去。
中车集团利用“一带一路”带来的契机，主动对接沿线各国，融合当地的文化要素进行产品设计，体现了其先进的管理理念。
企业要更好的走出去，需要与当地共同发展，互利共赢。
在走出去的过程中，企业不但要利用当地的资源获得更好的发展，也要通过自己的努力促进当地经济发展，改善民生，承担社会责任，成为当地居民的好邻居，才能落地生根，开花结果。
中车集团在当地建设过程中，拉动当地的产业链发展，增加了当地居民的就业，实现了繁荣共享。