英美社会与文化考试复习题.docx

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英美文化复习范围

英美文化考试范围（加强版）题型一、选择题55分二、填空题15分三、简答题 20分（4问）四、问答题 10分（2选1）具体范围一、选择题第1、3、5、10章课后选择题补充：Unit 11. The ancestors of the Welsh are ___A__.A. the CeltsB. the RomansC. the AnglesD. the Normans2. Which of the following is not one of the three Germanic tribes that came to be the basis of modern English race?AA. the Viking DanesB. the AnglesC. the SaxonsD. the Jutes3. The historical Arthur is believed by most historians as a _A__ warrior.A. Celtic B Anglo C Saxon D Norman4. For much of the Middle Ages, Britain was ruled by a(n) ___B___-speaking aristocracy.A. EnglishB. FrenchC. GermanD. GaelicUnit 21. One of the following took place during the Elizabethan age:BA. the making of the Magna CartaB. the defeat of the Spanish Armada by the English navyC. the rule of Alfred the GreatD. the defeat of King Harold by France2. In England, the monarch, D , declared that the Pope was no longer head of the Church of England.A. Bloody Mary C. King Henry VB. Queen Elizabeth I. D. King Henry VIII3. Three of the following were characteristics of the Elizabethan age. Which of the four is the exception? AA. Queen Elizabeth advocated the Divine Right and quarreled with Parliament.B. Protestantism gradually became the dominant faith.C. This was the age of literature when Shakespeare lived and when English literature blossomed.D. This was the age of adventure on the sea.4. Victorianism was characterized by the following except DA. It was in an age of imperialismB. It saw the great progress in sciences with Charles Darwin as a prominent figure.C. It was the age when the great progress was made in the field of communications.D. It was an age when the Battle of Hastings was won by the Duke of Wellington.Unit521. Which of the following states is called “the Old Colony State”? BA. PennsylvaniaB. MassachusettsC. DelawareD. Georgia22. The term “Father of Waters” is used to refer to _____C_____.A. the Amazon River C. the Mississippi RiverB. the Nile River D. the Hudson River23. Which of the following was not first grown by Native Americans? BA. potato C. pumpkinB. cabbage D. corn24. The first colony at Jamestown in Virginia surv ived because the colonists discovered a way to earn money. Which of the following was discovered by the Virginians? BA. shipping cotton to EuropeB. growing tobacco in VirginiaC. making a profit by fishingD. growing cotton25. Three of the following were the motives of the English Puritans who went to New England as immigrants. Which was the exception? AA. They believed that the Church of England was not Catholic enough.B. They believed that the Church of England was too Catholic in religious practices.C. They were persecuted in England.D. They wanted to established a colony based on their own religious ideals.26. Thanksgiving Day is originally celebrated by people for __D___.A. healthB. safetyC. freedomD. harvest27. __C___ was the only Founding Father to sign the Declaration of Independence, the United States Constitution, the Treaty of Alliance with France, and the Treaty of Paris.A. George WashingtonB. Thomas JeffersonC. Benjamin FranklinD. John Adams28. The following words of wisdom were given by Benjamin Franklin except __B___A. A penny saved is a penny earned.B. All for one, one for all. ([法] Dumas pére大仲马)C. Time is money.D. Early to bed and early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy, and wise.29. George Washington served _B____ term(s) as US President.A. oneB. twoC. threeD. four30. The author of Uncle Tom’s Cabin was ______C______.A. Thomas PaineB. Barbara SmithC. Harriet Beecher StoweD. Mark Twain判断会变为选择题型39. The first English colony was set in (Jamestown in Virginia).40. The (bald eagle) was chosen as the representative of the United States.41. Geographically the United States can be roughly divided into three parts— the western part, the southern part and New England. (X)42. The (Rocky Mountains) are the backbone of North America.45. Pilgrim Fathers settled at Plymouth in (1620).46. The purpose of the First Continental Congress was to (放宽高压政策)47. (Benjamin Franklin) was the first to celebrate the American Dream.50. The Bill of Rights ensured the （individual liberties）51. Mount Rushmore is famous for the faces of four American Presidents, who are G. Washington, T. Jefferson, A. Lincoln, and T. Roosevelt. （此处有改动，原版为F.Roosevelt，是错误的）52. The Battle of Gettysburg was fought on July 1 and 2, 1863 and is considered the turning point in the (Civil War.)二、填空题Unit15. Normans under William the Conqueror invaded England from France, defeating the Saxon king Harold at the Battle of ___ ____ Hastings ____ in 1066.6.The full name of the United Kingdom is _ The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland___.6. The two largest islands of the British Isles are _ England ___ and __ Ireland.__. (此处有改动)7. All the kings of the Middle Ages in Britain spoke __ French ___ as their mother tongue, and after the Hundred Years’ War, the __ English ____ langua ge took its place.8. What are the main consequences of the Norman Conquest? The significance of Norman Conquest lies in the following aspects: the foundation of aristocracy, the final unification of England, the great administrative process, and a link to France.Unit 25. The Origin of Species was written by _____ Charles Darwin _________.6. All English official documents bear the initials OHMS which stands for ____ On Her Majesty’s Service ______.7 In Britain, the executive power is in the hands of __cabinet________.8. ____ Queen Victoria _____ takes the credit of the longest reign in British history.9. In the “Grab for Africa” (Britain) got the lion’s share, which confirmed its supremacy. Unit 51. The nickname for the USA national flag is “_____ Old Glory ________________”.2. The state of _____ Virginia _____ was named in honor of Queen Elizabeth I.3. As US national motto, “E Pluribus Unum” means ___ out of many, one ____________ 5. As pen name of Samuel Langhorne Clemens, Mark Twain mean s _Mark numbertwo_________.6. The largest state in terms of area is __Alaska ________ and the largest state in terms of population is _California_________.7. The meaning of Mississippi is “_great waters_______”.8. Some _Puritans__________, called the Pilgrims, crossed the Atlantic in the ship Mayflower and settled at Plymouth, Massachusetts in 1620.9. The writer O. Henry called ___Thanksgiving________ the one holiday that is purely American.10. The first shot in the American War of Independence was heard at the village of__Lexington_________ on April 19, 1775.11. In May, 1775, ___the second Continental Congress_________ met in Philadelphia and began to assume the functions of a national government.12. On June 14, 1776, the second Continental Congress officially appointed _George Washington____ as commander-in-chief of the Continental Army.13. _Thomas Jefferson____ was instructed by the Committee of Five to write the Declaration of Independence.14. The Independence Day of the United States is on __July 4th___________.16. The famous “that this government of the people, by the people, for the people” was from _the Gettysburg Address_________17. The 2nd Amendment in the Bill of Rights granted the American people the right to keep and bear __arms________.三、简答题Unit18. What are the main consequences of the Norman Conquest?The significance of Norman Conquest lies in the following aspects: the foundation of aristocracy, the final unification of England, the great administrative process, a link to France, a great influence of French on English.(此处有改动，原版共四点，现改为五点) Unit210. What were the main features of the Elizabethan age?The Elizabethan age is often remmembered by two things. The first is literature, especially the William Shakespeare’s play. The second is marine adventure and the Establishment of maritime hegemony(不好意思，这个没记全，是我自己结合着写的)11. Explain the atmosphere of Victorianism.Victorianism was an age of national development and national optimism. Tremendous social reform took place. The greatist one of all was made in the field of communications. Victorianism family life had the quality of stability and the victorians were extremely religious. It was also an age of imperialism.Unit 535. What is the significance of the Second Continental Congress?In May 1775, the second Continental Congress met in Philadelphia and began to assume the functions of a national government. It founded a Continental Army and Navy under the commond of George WashingtonOn June 11th, 1776, the second Continental Congress appointed a committee of five men to draft a Declaration of Independence,The young Thomas Jefferson was chosen by the committee to draft the Declaration of Independence, which the congress adopted on July 4th, 1776.37. What social problems did the American Civil War solve?The war resolved two fundamental questions that had divided the United States since 1776.It put an end to slavery, which was completely abolished by the 13th Amendment to the constitution in 1865.It also decided, once and for all, that American was not a collection of semi-independent states, but a single indiv isible nation.四、问答题（2选1作答，不少于100字）1、美国枪支泛滥what do you think of the wide spread of gun in the US？2、君主立宪制。

英美文化考试试卷

1.What is literature? What do you know about poetry which is one of the types of literature?A：Literature has abundant types such as poems, novels, and biographies, if we should give a definition to literature, we can call it historical product. That is to say literature is the reflection of different ages.As one of the types of literature, poetry also has different types such as, narrative poetry, and lyric poetry. Narrative poetry contains epic, romance, and ballad. While the lyric poetry contains elegies, odes, sonnets and epigraphs. And the elements of poetry are speaker, situation, diction, denotation connotation, syntax, imagery, and figures of speech.2.What are the characteristic of epic? And please try to find some proofs in the epic Beowulf.A: the characteristics are: 1. great hero, 2, vast settings 3, action of great deeds 4, supernatural forces 5, grand style 6, objectivityBeowulf is the national epic of Great Britain. Beowulf is one of the national heroes of the English people. According to the epic, the hero Beowulf beat the monster Grendel and protected the King and people of his country. The fight between Beowulf and Grendel began in a hall which was built by the King to give banquet to his ministers. In the hall tne monster killed many ministers and the King asked Beowulf to fight with Grendel ,thus their long-time fight began. Beowulf had gone through many places and dangerous situations in chasing the and beat the monster.3.Shakespeare is a great _dramatist_________ living in the ____Elizabethan__________ period.Can you list out four famous tragedies and four comedies of Shakespeare?Tragedies: Romeo and Juliet, Hamlet, Othello, and King LearComedies: Midsummer Night’s Dream, Merchant of Venice, As You Like It, and Twelfth Nights4.Where does the sentence “to be or not to be, that is a question”come from? What’s yourunderstanding of this sentence?5.List out the elements of fiction? And choose one of the elements to give a specific description.Elements are: theme, plot and structure, character, setting, point of view, and language and style. The point of view is the angle from which the story is told. There are 3 commonly used point of view. Such as third person point of view, limited third person point of view and first person point of view.6.What is Ode? Please give an example. The odes is derived from classical literature. The odeswas meant to be sung to an audience, and is usually addressed to someone or something. It very often is a “song” of praise glorifying an individual, praising an event or even nature. The emphasis was on the intellect rather than the emotion.Example: The Ode to the West Wind7.Choose from one of the aspects, point of view, setting and language to appreciate WutheringHeights8.Ode to the West Wind is written by ____P.C. Shelly______________. Please resent your viewon the “west wind” in the ode.9.Match the writers with their masterpiece.10. Jane Eyre in your eyes.Jane Eyre was a girl who pursued freedom and equality, whose unusual thought and behavior violated women’s ethics at that time, which had become the apotheosis of women who strived for liberty. When we think of the girl, what she gave us was not a pretty face or a transcendent temperament, but a huge charm of personality.She had some good virtues that really affect me.Although she experienced lots of difficulties and hardships in the process of growing up, she was fearless, always keeps her chin up and insists on pursuing freedom and equality. Her aunt felt disgust of her, though she was a liar and tried to drive her away. Jane spoke directly when she left, “If I was a liar, I would say I loved you. But I don’t---I hate you…If anyone asks how you treated me, I will tell them the truth…”Her goodness also touched me. She grew in strength. She distinguished herself at Lowood School because of her hard work and strong intellectual abilities. She went to teach in Thronfield to be independent. After so many ups and downs, she still loved and stayed with Rochester even when he lost arms and blinded in eyes. When she was a child, she was isolated, powerless, lived with her aunt and cousins who dislike her. At last, her aunt confessed all the evils she had done to her in the past, she forgave her aunt even if her aunt still didn’t like her.From of old, women have the image of effeminacy, painfulness and they look after the protection of men. While Jane Eyre is independent and tough, she represents the heroic spirit of women. To end with, I think Jane Eyre is a great woman. She is an unforgettable role in literary history, and she will always has a great influence on the liberty of women, even on the liberty of the world.。

英美社会文化复习资料

英美社会文化复习资料第一部分英国概况The United KingdomLand and PeopleI. Different Names for Britain and its Parts1.Geographical names: the British Isles, Great Britain and England.。

2. Official name: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.3. The British Isles are made up of two large islands-Great Britain (the larger one) and Ireland, and hundreds of small ones.4. Three political divisions on the island of Great Britain: England, Scotland and Wales.(1) England is in the southern part of Great Britain. It is the largest, most populous section.(3) Wales is in the west of Great Britain. Capital: Cardiff(4) Northern Ireland is the fourth region of the UK. Capital: Belfast.II. Geographical Features1.Geographical position of Britain:Britain is an island country surrounded by the sea. It lies in the North Atlantic Ocean off the north coast of Europe. It is separated from the rest of Europe by the English Channel in the south and theNorth Sea in the east.Britain does not share land border with any other countries except the Republic of Ireland.III. Rivers and LakesSevern River is the longest river in Britain (338km).Thames River is the second longest and most important river in Britain. (336km)IV. Climate1. Britain's favorable climateBritain has a maritime climate-winters are not too cold and summers are not too hot. It has a steady reliable rainfall throughout the whole year. The temperature varies within a small range.V. The PeopleThe ancestors of the British people are Anglo-Saxons, the Scots, Welsh, Irish and Celts.British HistoryI. Roman Britain (55BC-410AD)1.British recorded history begins with the Roman invasion. In 55BC and 54BC, Julius Caesar, a Roman general, invaded Britain twice. In AD 43, the Emperor Claudius invaded Britain successfully. For nearly 400 years, Britain was under the Roman occupation, though it was never a total occupation.2. Roman’s influence on Britain.The Roman built many towns, road, baths, temples and buildings. They make good use of Britain’s natural resources. They also brought the new religion, Christianity, to Britain.II. The Anglo-Saxons (446-871)1. Basis of Modern English race: the Anglo-Saxons.In the mid-5th century a new wave of invaders, Jutes, Saxons, and Angles came to Britain. They were three Teutonic tribes.The Jutes, who fished and farmed in Jutland, came to Britain first. A Jutish chief became the King of Kent in 449. Then the Saxons, users of the short-sword from northern Germany,established their kingdom in Essex, Sussex and Wessex from the end of the 5th century to the beginning of the 6th century. In the second half of the 6th century. In the second half of the 6th century, the Angles, who also came from northern Germany and were to give their name to theEnglish people, settled in East Anglia, Mercia and Northumbria. These seven principal kingdoms of Kent, Essex, Sussex, Wessex, East Anglia, Mercia and Northumbria have been given the name of Heptarchy.2. The early Anglo-Saxons converted to Christianity.The Anglo-Saxons brought their own Teutonic religion to Britain. Christianity soon disappeared, except among the Celts of Cornwall, Wales, Scotland and Ireland. In 597, Pope Gregory I sent St. Augustine, the Prior of St. Andrew’s Monastery in Rome, to England to convert the heathen English to Christianity. In 579 St. Augustine became the first Archbishop of Canterbury. He was remarkably successful in converting the king and the nobility, but the conversion of the common people was largely due to the missionary activities of the monks in the north.3. The Early Anglo-Saxons make the contributions to the British state. The Anglo-Saxons laid the foundations of the English state. Firstly, they divided the country into shires, with shire courts and shire reeves, or sheriffs, responsible for administering law. Secondly, they devised the narrow-strip, three-field farming system which continued to the 18th century. Thirdly, they also established the manorialsystem. Finally, they created the Witan（council or meeting of the wisemen）to advise the king, the basis of the Privy Council which still exists today.III. The Norman Conquest (1066)1. Reasons for William’s invasion of England after Edward’s death.It was said that King Edward had promised the English throne to William, but the Witan chose Harold as king. So William led his army to invade England. In October 1066, during the important battle of Hastings, William defeated Harold and killed him. One Christmas Day, William was crowned king of England, thus beginning the Norman Conquest of England.2. The English is a mixture of nationalities of different origins. The ancestors of many English people were the ancient Angles and Saxons. Some English people are of the Norman-French origin.The Shaping of the Nation (1066-1381)I. Norman Rule (1066-1381)II. Contents and the significance of the Magna Carter (Great Charter) Great Charter was signed by King John in 1215 under the press of the barons. It consists of sixty-three clauses.Its important provisions are as follows: (1) no tax should be madewithout the approval of the Grand Council; (2) no freemen should be arrested, imprisoned or deprived of their property; (3) the Church should possess all its rights, together with freedom of elections; (4) London and other towns should retain their traditional rights and privileges, and (5) there should be the same weights and measures throughout the country. Although The Great Charter has long been popularly regarded as the foundation of English liberties, it was a statement of the feudal and legal relationships between the Crown and the barons, a guarantee of the freedom of the Church and a limitation of the powers of the king. The spirit of the Great Charter was thelimitation of the powers of the king, keeping them within the bounds of the feudal law of the land.III. The origins of the English ParliamentThe Great Council is known to be the prototype of the current British Parliament. In 1265, Simon de Montfort summoned the Great Council, together with two knights from each county and two citizens from each town. It later developed into the House of Lords and the House of Commons. Its main role was to offer advice. There were no elections or parties. And the most important part of Parliament was the House of Lords.Henry VIII’s reform stresse d the power of the monarch and certainly strengthened Henry’s position; Parliament had never done such a long and important piece of work before, its importance grew as a result. His attack on the Pop e’s power encouraged many critics of abuses of the Catholic Church. England was moving away form Catholicism towards protestaintism.I.Elizabeth I (1558-1603)Elizabeth's religious reform and her foreign policyElizabeth's religious reform was a compromise of views. She broke Mary's ties with Rome and restored her father's independent Church of England, i.e. keeping to Catholic doctrines and practices but to be free of the Papal control. He religious settlement was unacceptable to both the extreme Protestants known as Puritans and to ardent Catholics.For nearly 30 years Elizabeth successfully played off against each other the two great Catholic powers, France and Spain, and prevented England from getting involved in any major European conflict. Through her marriage alliances which were never materialized, Elizabeth managed to maintain a friendlyrelationship with France. So England wad able to face the danger from Spain.The English Civil War:is also called the Puritan Revolution. It has been seen as a conflict between the parliament and the King, and a conflict between economic interests of the Crown. The economic interests of the urban middle classed coincided with their religious (Puritan) ideology while the Crown’s traditional economic interests correspondingly allied with Anglican religious belief. The English Civil War not only overthrew feudal system in England but also shook the foundation of the feudal rule in Europe. It is generally regarded as the beginning of modern world history.II. The Industrial Revolution (1780-1830)1.The industrial Revolution refers to the mechanisation of industry and the consequent changes in social and economic organization in Britain in the late 18th and early 19th centuries.2.Britain was the first country to industrialize.(6) James Watt’s steam engine in 1765.3. Aggression against ChinaIn 1840, the Opium War broke out between Britain and China. Since then, Britain gradually invaded many coastal areas and imposed a series of unequal treaties upon China.5. Mrs. ThatcherThatcherism referred to the policies put forward by Margaret Thatcher, the first woman prime minister in England in 1979. The main contents of her policies included the return to private ownership of state-owned industries, the use of monetarist policies to control inflation, the weakening of trade unions the strengthening of the role of market forces in the economy, andan emphasis on law and order. To some extent her program was successful and she led one of the most remarkable periods in the British economy.Chapter Four. Government and AdministrationThe United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy, the head of state is a king or a queen. The United Kingdom is governed, in the name of the Sovereign by His or Her Majesty’s Government. The System of parliamentary government is not based on a written constitution, the British constitution is not set out in any single document. It is made up of statute law, common law and conventions. The Judiciary determines common law and interprets statutes.I. The Monarchy1.Elizabeth II, her title in the United Kingdom is “Elizabeth theSecond, by the Grace of God of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and Her Other Realms and Territories, Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith.2. The Queen is the symbol of the whole nation. In law, she is head of the executive, an integral part of the legislature, the head of the judiciary, the commander-in-chief of all the armed forces and the “supreme governor” of the Church of England. She gives Royal Assent to Bills passed by parliament.3. Th e monarch actually has no real power. The monarch’s power is limited by law and Parliament. Constitutional monarchy began after the Glorious Revolution in 1688.III. Parliament1.The United Kingdom is a unitary, not a federal, state. Parliament consists of the Sovereign, the House of Lords and theHouse of Commons.2. The main functions of Parliament are:(1) to pass laws;(2) to provide, by voting for taxation, the means of carrying on the work of government;(3) to examine government Policy and administrations, including proposal for expenditure; and(4) to debate the major issues of the day.3. The House of Lords is made up of the Lords Spiritual and the Lords Temporal. The main function of the House of Lords is to bring the wide experience of its members into the process of lawmaking. In other words, the non-elected House is to act as a chamber of revision, complementing but not rivaling the elect House.4. The House of Common is elected by universal adult suffrage and consists of 651 Members of Parliament (MPs). It is in the House of Commons that the ultimate authority.A grammar school is one of several different types of school in the history of education in the United Kingdom and some otherEnglish-speaking countries, originally a school teaching classical languages but more recently an academically-oriented secondary school.第二部分：美国概况The United States美国概况Chapter One. Geography and Climate1. Alaska and Hawaii are the two newest states in American. Alaska northwestern Canada and Hawaii lies in the central Pacific.2. The U.S has a land area of 9.3 million square kilometers. Itis the fourth largest country in the world in size after Russia, Canada and China.3. Of all states of American, Alaska is the largest in area and Rhode Island the smallest. But on the mainland Texas is the largest sate of the country.4. The Rockies, the backbone of the North American Continent, is also known as the Continental Divide.5. The two main mountain ranges in American are the Appalachian mountains and the Rocky mountains. The Appalachians run slightly from the northeast to southwest and the Rocky mountains run slightly from the northwest to southeast.6．The Mississippi River is the largest river in American, over 6000 kilometers. The Mississippi has been cal led “father of waters” or “old man river”.7. On the Pacific side there are two great rivers: the Colorado in thesouth and the Columbia , which rises in Canada.8. The Rio Grande River forms a natural boundary between Mexico and the United States.9. The most important lakes in the United States are the Great Lakes. They are Lake Superior, which is the largest fresh water lake in the world, Lake Michigan, the only entirely in the U.S., Lake Huron, Lake Eire and Lake Ontario. They are located between Canada and the United States except Lake Michigan.Cities14. New England is made up of six states of the Northeast. Because of its stony soil it is not noted for its agriculture .Dairying is the most important farm activity, New England is also well-known for its position in education, Many famous universitiesand colleges such as Yale, Harvard, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT) are located here.15. New Englanders were originally knows as Yankees, which came to stand for all American.16. The Middle Atlantic States have about one fifth of the total population of the united states.17. The soil is rich, the rain usually plentiful and the growing season long. These factors make the Midwest America’s most important agricultural area .It is also a major manufacturing region and thenation’s leading center of heavy industry.18. Chicago, the largest and busiest port on the Great Lakes, is the largest industrial and commercial center of the area19. Detroit is known as the automobile capital of the world. Omaha is known as the agricultural capital of the United States.20. Dry farming, irrigation farming, and the cattle and sheep herding are the main activities of the Great Plains of the American West. 21. Colorado has been called the steel city of the west, Denver is the largest city of the Great Plains.22. The largest groups of Native Americans are found on the Colorado Plateau.23. Mmauna Loa, the world’s largest volcano, is located on Haiwaii and erupts from time to time, Suger cane and pineapples are Haiwaii’s main crops. Tourism is Haiwaii’s most important industry.24. Honolulu is the capital of Haiwaii and Juneau is the capital of Alaska.Chapter Two ：Population, Race and Ethnic Groups1. The United States of the American is the third most populous county in the world after China and India.2. Immigration accounts for a major source of population growth. The United States has a more or less open-door policy to immigrantsfrom independence until 1960s. Ellis Island of New York was an important immigration reception spot in the 1890s and at the turn of the century.3. Almost 20 million people or 7.8% of the total population were immigrants in 1992. Between 80% and 90% of immigration to the United States now is from Asian and Hispanic countries.4. Arizona, Nevada, and Florida have been the fastest growing states in population for the last 20 years.5. The first immigrants in the American history came from England and Netherlands.6. The first of these immigration waves in the mid-1810s and reached the highest point in 1845.The second wave covered the period between 1860 and 1890. The largest of the three immigration wave in American was from 1890-1914.7.One in five American moves to a new home every year seeking new job opportunity, a better climate of other goals.8. Traditionally, the mainstream American were called WASPs, that is ,White Anglo-Saxon Protestants.Chapter Three: American HistoryAmerican history (1)1. The "first American "were the Indians. The first English colonyin the Americas was founded at Jamestown, Virginia, in 1607.Between 1607 and 1733 the British established 13 colonies along the east coast of North American.2. In 1620,201 Pilgrims sailed to the New World in a ship called Mayflower. They arrived at Plymouth and built thePlymouth colony.3. From 1630 to 1643, some 200 ships transported over 20000 Englishmen to the Massachusetts Bay colony.4. The colonists were building a new way of life in the New World. There were a number of features which would play a role in forming the American character. They were representative from of government, rule of law, respect of individual rights, religious tolerance and a strong spirit of individual enterprise.5. In September 1744, the First Continental Congress was held in Philadelphia which encouraged American to refuse to buy British goods.6. The Declaration of Independence drafted by Thomas Jefferson of Virginia. The Declaration is a clear explanation of the political theory behind the revolution and this theory came from the British philosopher John Locke.8. In September ,1783, the Treaty of Paris was signed, Britain recognized the independence of the USA9. The Federalist Papers are regarded as the best explanation of theconstitution as well as one of the most important works on political theory.10. The first ten amendments to the U.S Constitution, which was called the Bill of Rights, adopted in 1791 which promise to protect individuals’ rights.11. The Articles of Confederation was accepted by all the states by Match 1781.It has two serious weaknesses:1>there was no national executive of law-enforcing branch;2>Congress has no power to raise taxes. A conference was held in Philadelphia in May 1787 to consider what should be done to make the Articles of Confederation adequate. All of the states except Rhode Islandwere represented at the Consititutional Convention.12. The U.S went to war with Britain in 1812, the last war fought between these two countries.13. During the 13 years of Indian wars after the War of Independence, the Americans forced England to give up the Old Northwest and they forced Spain to open the Mississippi river. Their crossing of the Mississippi helped persuade Napoleon to sell the Louisiana Territory to the U.S.14. In the Civil war, Lincoln realized that he could win support for the Union at home and abroad by making the war a just war against slavery. So he issued the famous Emancipation Proclamation. 15. OnNovember 19, 1863, Abraham Lincoln made a short speech on the occasion of dedicating the national cemetery at Gettysburg. He ended his speech with these memorable words: “That government of the people, by the people, for the pe ople, shall not perish from the earth.”American History(2)（1900-1945)1．In 1880, the U.S ranked first in the world in the production of steel; in 1900,the U.S. produced 245million tons of coal, ranking first in the world.2．Large corporation, urbanization and new technology were the three features in the growth of American economy at the beginning of the 20th century.3．In 1903, the Wright brothers flew a plane for a brief 12 seconds at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina. This was the beginning of the appearance of the plane. In 191, Glenn E. Curiss designed and flew a successful plane.4．At the beginning of the WWI, the U.S. was impartial neither in action, nor in thought. It pursued a policy of pro-Allypartiality. 5．The 1920s in the U.S. has been described by many historians as a period of material success and spiritual frustration or confusion and purposelessness.6．The stock market crash was the beginning of long economicdepression in the late 1920S and 1930S.7．The aim of President Roosevelt’s New measures wa s to save American democracy and the capitalist system.罗斯福总统“新政：措施的目的在于”拯救美国民主“及克服资本主义制度有史以来最严重的经济制度。

英美社会与文化期末复习题

一、In what way did Puritanism influence American culture?(1)The puritans hoped to build “a city upon hill’- an ideal community. Since thattime, Americans have viewed their country as a great experiment, a worthy model for other nation. This sense of mission has been very strong in the minds of many Americans.(2)New England also established another American tradition- a strain of oftenintolerant moralism. The puritans believed that governments should enforce god’s morality. They strictly punished drunks, adulterers, violation of Sabbath and other religions believers different from themselves.(3)The puritans also have left rich cultural heritage to future Americans. TheAmerican values such as individualism, hard work, and respect of education owe very much to the puritan belief.(4)Thanksgiving has become one of the National holidays, which comes fromwhite-Indian cooperation in New England.二、What are some of the major powers of each of the three branches of the US government? How are the three branches supposed to check and balance each other?If Congress proposes a law that the president thinks is unwise, the president can veto it. That means the proposal does not become law. Congress can enact the law despite the president's views only if two-thirds of the members of both houses vote in favor of it.If Congress passes a law which is then challenged in the courts as unconstitutional, the Supreme Court has the power to declare the law unconstitutional and therefore no longer in effect.The president has the power to make treaties with other nations and to make all appointments to federal positions, including the position of Supreme Court justice. The Senate, however, must approve all treaties and confirm all appointments before they become official. In this way the Congress can prevent the president from making unwise appointments三、What is the Bill of Rights? Do you think that it was necessary to write the Bill of Rights explicitly into the US Constitution?The Bill of Rights: the first 10 amendments, collectively known as the Bill of Rights, were added within two years of the adoption of the U.S. Constitution. These amendments remain intact today, as they were written two centuries ago. The first guarantees freedom of worship, speech and press, the right of peaceful assembly, and the right to petition the government to correct wrongs. The Bill of Rights and subsequent constitutional amendments guarantee the American people the fullest possible opportunity to enjoy fundamental human rights.四、What is the current economic situation in America? How did the Great Recession begin? What does it show?五、What is the relationship between government and religion in America?(1)In the first place, according to the First Amendment to the Constitution, theUSA would have no state-supported religion.What’s more, the government has no right to meddle in religious affairs or require any religious beliefs of its citizens. And government does not pay ministers’ salaries or require any belief as a condition of holding public office.(2)On the other hand, in some ways, the government supports all religions.Religious groups do not pay taxes in the United States. The armed forces pay chaplains of all faiths. Presidents and other political leaders often call on god to bless the American nation and people. Those whose religion forbids them to fight can perform other services instead of becoming soldiers.(3)When disputes about the relationship between government and religion arise,American courts must settle them.(4)In the early years, some people believe that Protestant religion andrepublican forms of government were connected, because God supports their experiment in republican government.All in all, for some purposes government ignores religion and for other purposes it treats al religion alike, as long as it is practical.六、How did American education system begin to develop?七、What are the legacies of the social movements of the 1960s? What are their effects, positive and negative, upon contemporary US society?八、“British history has been a history of invasion.” Please illustrate this point with the examples from the text. How did each of the invasions influence English culture?九、Why does the author say that parliament is supreme in the British state? What functions does parliament have? What role does the Queen (king) and the Prime Minister play in British government?十、What are the three big parties in the UK? What are some of the similarities and dissimilarities between the three parties?。

英语习语英美文化考试复习题

英语习语英美文化考试复习题be a cool cat– to be a calm personto blow one’s stack– to become madto fly off the handle– to become very angrywhat’s more– besidesto get away with something– to do something bad without being punished ?to be getting on– to get olderpepper and salt– of hair becoming grayto make up for something– to compensate for somethingto take it easy– to relaxto work out– to do exercisesto turn in– to go to bed at nightlike a breeze– easilytime off– a period of release from workto have got it made– to be successfulthis is it–to have reached one‘s objectNancy is a fair lady. c南希是个购物狂。

南希是个小气鬼。

南希是个大美人。

The kid is as good as gold. a那娃娃乖得很。

那孩子来之不易。

孩子象黄金一样珍贵。

Tom is a busybody. b汤姆是个懒惰的人。

汤姆是个爱管闲事的人。

汤姆是个大好人。

My husband and I led a cat and dog life. a我和我丈夫过着争争吵吵的日子。

我和我丈夫过着幸福的日子。

我和我丈夫过着猫狗不如的日子。

J im did a Dutch act last night. c吉姆昨晚喝醉了。

（完整word版）《英美社会与文化》试题库

（完整word版）《英美社会与文化》试题库《英语国家社会与文化》复习资料第一部分课程考核说明1、考核目的通过考试，了解学生对本课程的基本内容、重点和难点的掌握程度，以及运用本课程的基本知识、基本方法和基本理论分析和解决实际问题的能力。

同时还考察学生在平时的学习中是否注意了理解和记忆相结合，理解和运用相结合。

2、考核方式：闭卷考试。

3、适用范围、教材和参考资料本试题库适用范围为英语本科专业。

试题命题的参照教材为An Outline Introduction to Britain and America(来安方等编著)，参考资料包括Survey of Britain and America(张奎武主编)、Understanding the US and the UK(许鲁之编著)、English-speaking Countries: A Survey(余志远主编)。

4、命题依据本试题库依据是《英美社会与文化》课程的教学大纲、教材。

5、考试要求主要考核学生对课程基本知识及概念、基本理论和基本技能的理解和应用能力。

在能力层次上，从识记、领会和应用三个角度来要求。

识记是要求学生掌握本课程的基本知识和相关概念；领会是要求学生在掌握基本理论、基本方法的基础上，能融会贯通；应用是要求学生能综合运用所学的内容，对课程中的有关问题进行讨论，作出自己的评价。

6、试题类型及结构试题类型及分数比重大致为：单项选择题（20%）+简答题（20%）+概念题（30%）+论述题（30%）。

第二部分基本概念Explain the following terms in English1. the Thames River2. Alfred the Great3. Open University4. the Glorious Revolution5. the British Commonwealth.6. the Black Death.7. Constitutional Monarchy. 8. the welfare state.9. the Magna Carta 10. the Wars of Roses11. the National Healthy Service 12. Public school13. Keynesianism 14. grammar school15. National Eisteddfod 16. the Jury System17. Bloody Mary 18. the People's Charter of 183819. Agribusiness 20. the Open Structure21. the dissenters 22. New Scotland Yard23. Sto nehenge 24. Hadrian’s Wall25. the open-field farming system 26. Heptarchy27. the Witan 28. Vikings29. the Danelaw 30. crusades31. Joan of Arc 32. the Lollards33. Enclosures 34. Star Chamber35. Renaissance 36. humanists37. the Divine Right of Kings 38. The Gunpowder Plot of 160539. the Grand Remonstrance 40. The Commonwealth41. Diggers 42. Levelers43. farmer George基本知识Ⅰ、Read the following unfinished statement on question carefully. For each unfinished statement on question foursuggested answers marked A, B, C and D are given. Chose the one which you think best completes the statement or answers the questions1. There are three natural Zones in Scotland. Which is the exception?A) Highlands in the north B) the Central LowlandsC) the Easters Uplands D) the Southern Uplands2. River is the most important river in ScotlandA)Tweed B)Tyne C)Thames D)Clyde3. The British Empire gradually disappeared and it was replaced by the British Commonwealth in _______A) 1931 B)1991 C)1923 D)19304. The first known settlers of Britain wereA) the Iberians B) the Celts C) the Beaker Folk D) the Romans5. , the great Roman general, invaded Britain for the first time in 55 BC.A) Emperor Claudius B)Julius Caesar C) Alfred D) William6. At the time of the Norman Conquest, Anglo-Saxon English was headed byA) Tostig B)Godwin C) Eudemon D) Harold7. For nearly years, Britain was under the Roman occupation.A) 300 B) 400 C) 500 D) 6008. When the Hundred Years War ended in 1453, was the only part of France that was still in the hands of English.A) Flanders B) Slugs C) Calais D) Potion9 was the founder of Angevin(or Plantagenet) Dynasty.A) HenryⅠB) HenryⅡC) King John D) Edward Ⅵ10. CharlesⅠcalled his third parliament in 1628, at this parliament he was forced to accept the Petition of Right, regarded as the SecondA) Magna Carta B) Bill of Rights C) Long ParliamentD)Provisions of Oxford11. is generally regarded as the beginning of modem world history.A) The Puritan Revolution B) The RenaissanceC) The Great Charter D) The English Reformation12. The restoration of the House of Stuart happened in the year The monarch who restored wasA)1660, Charles II B)1685, James II C)1660, James IID)1685,Charles II13. is the best known of the "metaphysical poets".A)Edmund Spenser B) Philip Sidney C) John Done D) Ben Jonson14. The Tories were the forerunners of the which still bears the nickname today.A) the Liberty Party B)the Labor PartyC) the Conservative Party D)the Communist Party15. The English Industrial Revolution in the late 18th century started with the __ industry.A) coal-mining B) textile C) shipbuilding D)iron and steal16. By Britain had built up a big empire "on which the sun never set".A)1839 B)1799 C) 1900 D)190517. The Labor Party had its origins in __, which was formed in 1893 and led by Kin Hardin.A) the Labor Representation Committee B) the Independent Labor PartyC) the Conservative Party D) the Trades Union Congress18. is often referred to as the "Silicon Glen" in Britain.A) The area between London and South Wales B) Liverpooland Merseyside RegionC) The area between Glasgow and Edinburgh D) The Cambridge areas of East Anglia19. The main textile producing region of Britain are the following exceptA) Yorkshire B) Northern Ireland C) West Midlands D) Humberside20. An outstanding feature of British economic recovery in the 1803 was its .A) inflation B) length C) unemployment D) privatization21. Natural gas was discovered in 1965 and oil in 1970 underA) the Atlantic Ocean B) the North SeaC) the English Channel D) the Pacific Ocean22. The monarchy is the oldest institution of government, going back to at leastA) the 9th century B) the 8th century C) 1649 D) 168923. The main functions of Parliament are following exceptA) to pass laws B) to debate the major issues of the dayC) to advise the Sovereign to approve certain government decreesD) to examine government policy and administration24. The beginning of the Second Civil War in England was the yearA) 1645 B) 1646 C) 1647 D) 164825.The House of Commons is elected by universal adult suffrage and consists of members of Parliament.A) 524 B) 651 C) 336 D) 61026. are the two major political parties in Britain today.A) The Labor Party and the Conservation PartyB) The Conservation Party and the Liberal PartyC) The Liberal Party and the RepublicansD) The Liberal Party and the Labor Party27. Appeals in criminal cases in English and Wales can be heard by the following courts exceptA) the Court of Appeal B) the Magistrate CourtC) the Crown Court D) the High Court28. The High Court has 3 divisions, which is the exceptA) Family Division B) Commercial DivisionC) Chancery Division D) Queen's Bench Division29. London's Metropolitan Police Force is directly under the control ofA) the Lord Chancellor B) the Home SecretaryC) the Prime Minister D) the Ministry of Defence30. is the ultimate court of appeal in civil cases of U. K.A) The House of Commons B) The Court of ApealC) The High Court D) The House of Lords31. of the following is not the non-contributory Social Security benefits.A) War pensions B) Maternity allowance and widow's benefitC) Child benefit D) Family credit32. The religions leader of the Church of England isA) Archbishop of Canterbury B) Archbishop of York C) Lord chancellor D) Queen33. Education is compulsory for all between the ages of and __ in Great Britain except in Northern Ireland.A) 5, 18 B) 4, 18 C) 5, 16 D) 4, 1634. National newspapers are popularly divided into 3 groups, is the exception.A) quality papers B) popular papers C) Sunday papers D) mid-market papers.35. The State-run BBC is financed from theA) commercial B) the sale of TV set C) the public funding D) the sale of TV licenses36. is the most popular sport in England as well as in Europe.A) Football B) Cricket C) Horse racing D) Snooker37. Under the old Selective System, English children who have marks in the "eleven plus"examination go on toA) grammar schools B) public school C) technical schools D) secondary modern schools38. The Puritans were originally an extreme sect.A) Catholic B) Jewish C) Orthodox D) Protestant39. Christianity was introduced into Britain byA) the Anglo-Saxons B) the Celts C) the Romans D) the Norman-French40. About percent of the state secondary school population in Great Britain attend comprehensive schools.A) 60 B) 70 C) 80 D) 9041. is the official name of the United Kingdom.A) Great Britain B) The Britain Isles C) EnglandD) The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland42. There are three political divisions on the island of Great Britain, is the exception.A) England B) Wales C) Northern Ireland D) Scotland43. Britain is surrounded by the sea which lies in the north Atlantic Ocean off ofEurope.A) the south coast B) the west coast C) the east coast D) the north coast44. The commonest English name "Smith" comes from thename "Schmidt".A) German B) France C) Spain D) Gaelic45. brought the new religion, Christianity to Britain.A) The Anglo-Saxons B) The Romans C) The Normans D) The Celts46. When the Northumbrians submitted to the King Egbert and took him for their master in 829actually became an overlord of all the English.A) Offa B) Egbert C) Kent D) William47. Which of the following is Not true about the Anglo-Saxons?A) They divided the country into countiesB) They divided the narrow-trip 3-field farming systemC) They established the manorial systemD) They laid the foundation of the English State48. The Canterbury Tales, which describes a group of traveling into Canterbury to visitThomas Backer's tomb.A) Protestants B) Catholics C) Pilgrims D) Puritans49. The Hundred Year's War is given to the intermittent war between and that lasted from 1337 to 1453.A) France … England B) the U. S … BritainC) Germany … England D) French … Germany50. By 1453 was the only part of France that was still in the hands of the English.A) Slugs B) Flanders C) Poiton D) Calais51. The name Wars of the Roses was coined by the great 19th century novelistA) Sir Walter Scott B) Ben JonsonC) Edmund Spenser D) Christopher Marlowe52. Three of the following were characteristic of the Elizabethan age. Which is the exception? __A) Protestantism gradually became the dominant faith.B) Queen Elizabeth advocated the Divine Right and quarreled with Parliament.C) This was the age of the adventure on the sea.D) This was the age of literature when Shakespeare lived and when English literature blossomed.53. The Renaissance began in in the early 14th century.A) Britain B) Greece C) Italy D) France54. The English Renaissance was largelyA) political B) economical C) social D) literary55. greatly influenced the early works of Shakespeare.A) Marlowe B) John Donne C) Roger Ascham D) Francis Bacon56. The most famous of the Catholic conspiracies was the Gunpowder plot of .A) 1742 B) 1605 C) 1615 D) 161157. was condemned to death and executed on a scaffold outside the windows of the Banqueting House at Whitehall on January 30, 1649.A) James I B) Charles I C) James VI D) Charles VI58. is generally regarded as the beginning of modem world history.A) The English Civil War B) The RenaissanceC) The English Reformation D) The Wars of Roses59. In the Parliament Act was passed, severely limiting the power of the lords andestablishing the Commons as the Supreme legislative body.A) 1910 B) 1911 C) 1912 D) 191360. There are mainly fanning types in Britain. And most are reared in factoryfanning.A) 5, sheep B) 6, sheep C) 5, chickens D) 6, chickens61. British motor industry is now dominated by four firms which is the exception?A) Ford B) Peugeot C) the Rover group D) Volkswagen62. Britain is the largest trading nation in the world.A) fifth B) first C) third D) fourth63. A General Election takes place at least years and MPs are elected.A) 3, 650 B) 4, 651 C) 5, 651 D) 6, 65064. The Britain Parliament consists of three parts exceptA) the Sovereign B) the CabinetC) the House of Lords D) the House of Commons65. Succession to the throne is founded on the in Britain.A) hereditary principle B) Common Law C) Statute Law D) Conventions66. The U. K is a state.A) republic B) federal C) unitary D) none of above67. The National Health Service was established in the U. K inA) 1928 B) 1938 C) 1948 D) 195868. Nearly a of government expenditure is devoted to the social security prograrm.A) 1/2 B) l/3 C)1/4 D) l/569. Except that may not be a Roman Catholic, public offices are open without distinctionto member of all churches or of none.A) the Lord Chancellor B) the Prime Minister C) the HomeSecretary D) the Attorney General70. is not the Christian festival.A) Christmas B) Good Friday C) Easter D) Whit Sunday71. Unestablished churches in Britain includeA) the Anglican churches B) the Free churchesC) the Roman Catholic church D) all of the above72. Which of the following belongs to the popular papers?A) The Times B) The Guardian C) The Daily Telegraph D) The Daily Express73. The Chartist Movement was the first nation-wide __ and drew attention to serious problems.A) farmers' movement. B) trader's movementC) literature campaign D) working class movement.74. was the first king to bring all Ireland under English control.A) Henry II B) James VI C) Henry D) James I75. is the chief Christian festival.A) Easter B) Christmas C) New Year's Day D) Guy Fawkes Day76. The Queen is the centre of much ofA) the nation's ceremonial B) the ancient traditionC) the leader of society D) all of the above77. The Thatcher government adopted an economic programme known as" "A) Keynesianism B) MonetarismC) Medium-term Financial Strategy D) Long-term Financial Strategy78. The Norman Conquest refers to the Conquest of England by the Normans under in .A) William of Orange/1660 B) William of Normandy/1066C) William the Conqueror/1660 D) William III/106679. In England and Wales __ recommends the High Court andcircuit judges.A) the Secretary of State. B) the Home Secretary.C) the Attorney General. D) the Lord Chancellor.80. Which of the following is a tragedy written by Shakespeare?A) Twelfth Night B) Othello. C) The Tempest D) Richard II81. is a mountain chain know as the "Backbone of Northern England''.A) The Pennies B) Ben Nevis C) Scafell D) None of above82. The largest lake in Britain is Longh Neagh, it is located inA) England B) Scotland C) Northern Ireland D) Wales83. part of Britain has the most rainfall.A) The northwestern B) The southeastern C) The western D) The eastern84. The most important historical monument left to us by the ancient Iberians was .A) mound B) Stonehenge C) stronghold D) the Hadrian's Wall85. The successful Roman invasion of Britain happened in A.D.A) 25 B) 35 C) 45 D) 4386. Beginning from the mid-5th century, the three most powerful tribes came to Britainexcept .A) Angles B) Saxons C) Celts D) Jutes87. William I replaced the Witan, the council of the Anglo-Saxons Kings, withA) the Grand Council B) the Great CouncilC) the Private Council D) the Privy Council88. The Canterbury Tales was written byA) Geoffrey B) T. S. Eliot C) Sir Thomas Wyatt D) Sir ThomasMore89. English Parliament began to come into being in the century.A) 11th B) 12th C) 13th D) 14th90. The end of the Wars of the Roses in 1485 marked the beginning of the Dynasty.A) Plantagenet B) Tudor C) Angevin D) none of above91. The Act of union in the year 1707 united andA) England, Wales B) Wales, ScotlandC) England, Scotland D) Scotland , Northern Ireland92. The most famous of the Catholic Conspiracies against King was the Gunpowder Plotin .A) James I, 1603 B) Charles I, 1603 C) Charles I, 1605 D) James I, 160593. The protestant Reformation in England was led by King .A) Henry VIII B) Henry VII C) Edward VI D) Henry II94. was the first country of the world in which the Industrial Revolution took place.A) France B) Britain C) Germany D) the U. S. A.95. The Chartist Movement ended in the yearA) 1830 B) 1848 C) 1832 D) 185196. In Britain only __ of the population are farmers but they manage of the land area.A) 3%, 70% B) 4%, 72% C) 5%, 68% D) 6%, 74%97. There are farming types in Britain.A) 4 B) 5 C) 6 D) 898. The Britain Constitution is made up of three laws exceptA) Statute law B) Land law C) Common law D) Conventions99. The Constitutional monarchy has been established inBritain sinceA) the Glorious Revolution of 1688 B) the Christ MovementC) the Wars of the Roses D) the Hundred Years War100. The real source of power in Parliament isA) the House of Lords B) the House of CommonsC) the Cabinet D) the King of QueenII. Give an one-sentence answer to each of the following questions.1. Who is the ancestor of the English?2. When did England begin to be Christianized?3. What was signed by King John in 1215?4. What marked the beginning of the Tudor Dynasty?5. What is the Lloyd's?6. What does the Cabinet consist of?7. What is the jury's job?8. What festival is the greatest in Britain?9. Which sport is regarded as typically English?10. Who established completely the feudal system in England?11. What is the largest lake in Britain?12. Who created the Witan, the basis of the Privy council?13. When was the Great Charter signed by King John?14. Where were oil and natural gas found in Britain?15. What are the two major Parties in Britain?16. When did the constitutional monarchy begin in Britain?17. Which types of criminal Procedure has in Scotland?18. What is the largest single employer of labor in U. K?19. At what age do men and women generally retire?21. What is the longest river in Britain?22. What is the highest mountain in Britain?23. What were the first known settlers of Britain?24. What were the Vikings?25. What was the transitional Period between the Middle Ages and Modern times?26. What was the Puritanism?27. What were the two events which most alarmed the Britain ruling classes in the closing decades of the 18th century?28. What were the three period of the evolution of the British economy since the WWⅡ?29. What is the main function of the House of Lords?30. What agency is the most important news agency in Britain?31. What are three political divisions on the island of Great Britain?32. What is the official name of the U. K.?33. When did the peasant uprising happen in the U. K?34. What is the English Civil War also called?35. Which two groups were the Chartists divided into?36. What was Keynesianism?37. Who are the members of the House of Lords?38. What are the common features of all systems of law in Britain?39. What is the most important established church in Britain?40. Where is the home of golf?41. Which part of Britain is always fighting?42. What type of climate does Britain has?43. Who was the first Christian Emperor?44. Whose grave became a place of Pilgrimage in and beyond Chaucer's time after he wasmurdered?45. What did James I and his son Charles I both believed firmly in?46. Where are the main textile producing regions in Britain?47. How is the BBC radio financed?48. What is the most famous art festival in Britain?49. What are the Christian festivals in Britain?50. What is the Character of the Scots?51. What are the principal non-Christian communities in Britain?52. Who was the first Archbishop of Canterbury?53. When was Parliament born in England?54. Who was the first Prince of Wales in English history?55. What were the Hundred Year’s War?56. Who was the greatest humanists in English history?57. Who wrote the classical work "Utopia“?58. Who was the first prime minister in English history?59. When was the cabinet system of government created?60. Who is the first female prime minister in English history?基本技能Questions for discussion：1. What do you know about the Roman invasion of Britain?2. How was the British Empire established in the 19th Century?3. What measures did the Thatcher government take to improve the nation's economy?4. What are the Periods of the evolution of British economy since the Second World War?5. What made the Beatles so different from other pop groups?6. Why and how did the Reformation happen in England?7. What do you know about the nature and consequences of the Wars of the Roses?8. What do you know about State Schools and public schools in the United Kingdom?9. How does a general election take place in Britain?10. What are the consequences of the Norman Conquest?11. What do you know about HenryⅡ?12. What are the main contents of Magna Carta?13. What do you know about Henry VII?14. How did Elizabeth I deal with the religious problem when she became Queen of England?15. What are the Historic Significance of the Bourgeois Revolution?Keys:基本知识Ⅱ.1. The Anglo-Saxons is the ancestor of the English.2. England began to be Christianized in the year of 597.3. The Great Charter was signed by King John in 1215.4. The end of the War of Roses in 1485 marked the beginning of the Tudor Dynasty.5. The Lloyd's refers to a famous insurance company in Britain.6. The cabinet consists of usually 20 most senior ministers.7. In criminal eases, the jury decides the issues of guilt or innocence.8. Christmas Day is the greatest Christian festival.9. Cricket is the most typically English sport.10. William established completely the feudal system in England.11. The Laugh Neagh is the largest lake in Britain.12.The Anglo-Saxons created the Witan.13. The Great Charter was signed by King John in 1215.14. Oil and natural gas are found under the North Sea in Britain .15. The Labor Party and the Conservative Party are the two major parties in Britain.16. The Constitutional monarchy began in 1689 when King William and Queen Mary accepted the Bill of Rights.17. There are Solemn Procedure and Summary Procedure in Scotland.18. The National Health Service is the largest single employer of labor in U.K.19. Generally , men retire at the age of 65 and women at the age of 60.20. Cricket is regarded as typically in English.21. The Severn River is the longest river in Britain.22. Ben Nevis is the highest mountain of Britain.23. The Iberians is the first known Settlers of Britain.24. The Vikings were the ancient people living in North Europe.25. Renaissance was the transitional period between the Middle age and modern age26. The Puritinism noted for simple dress, high moral standards and very egalitarian attitudes27. The two events were the American War of Independence and French Revolution.28. The three periods were：(1)Steady development in the 50s and 60s. (2)Economic recession in the 70s. (3)Economic recovery in the 80s.29. The main function of the House of Lords is to bring wide experience of its member into the process of law-making.30. Reuters is the most important news agency in Britain.31. The three political divisions on the island of Great Britain are England, Scotland and Wales.32. The official name of the U.K. is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.33. The peasant uprising happened in 138134. The English Civil War is also called the Puritan Revolution.35. The Chartists was divided into the Moral Force Chartists and the physical Force Chartists36. Keynesianism was John M. Keynes(John Maynard Keynes) economic theory.37. The House of Lords is made up of the Lords spiritual and the Lords Temporal38. One is that there is no complete code and other is the distinction made between criminal law and civil law.39. The church of England and the church of Scotland are the most important established church in Britain.40. Scotland is the home of golf.41. Northern Ireland is always fighting.42. Britain has a maritime Climate.43. Constantine was the first Christian Emperor.44. Thomas Becket's grave became a place of Pilgrimage in and beyond Chaucer' s time after he was murdered45. James I and his son Charles I both believed firmly in the Divine Right of Kings.46. They are the East Midlands, Yorkshire, and Humberside and Northern Ireland.47. The BBC radio broadcast is funded totally by the government.48. The most famous art festival in Britain is the EdinburghInternational Festival of Music andDrama.49. They are Christmas, Easter and Whit Sunday.50. The Character of the Scots is hospitable and generous.51. The principal non-Christian communities in Britain are the Jews, the Moslems and the Buddhists.52. St. Augustine was the first Archbishop of Canterbury53. Parliament was born in 1265.54. Edward II55. It refers to the war between England and France which lasted from 1337 to 1453.56. Sir Thomas More (1478-1535)57. "Utopia“ was written by Thomas More.58. Walpole was usually considered as the first prime minister in English history.59. During GeorgeⅠ’s reign.60. Margaret Thatcher。

英美文化复习题

《英美文化》复习题AI. Fill in the blanks（10 points, with 0.5 point for each）1. The full name of the United Kingdom is ______________________________________.2. The two largest islands of the British Isles are Britain and _______________.3. Many people associate the Elizabethan age with two things. The first is ______________, and the other is adventure on the sea.4. The greatest sailor who led the English fleet to victory in fighting the Spanish Armada was_____________.5. The roots of the English language go back to __________________.6. The history of English really began around the year AD 450 when the three Germanic tribesof ___________, Saxons and Jutes invaded England in succession.7. All English official documents bear the initials OHMS which stands for________________________.8. Parliament in Britain, strictly speaking, consists of three elements: the Crown, the House of Lords, and _________________.9. Britain, unlike France and the USA, has no __________ constitution.10. The Queen usually acts on the advice of ________________.11. Two states are separated from continental US; that is Hawaii in the __________ Ocean andAlaska to the northwest of Canada.12.The first successful English colony in the America was founded at_____________________in 1607.13. In 1626, Dutch settlers built the town of New Amsterdam which was later renamed by theEnglish as _____________.14. The first shot of the American War of Independence was fired at _______________ onApril 19, 1775.15. in 1620, a group of Puritans, called Pilgrims, crossed the Atlantic in the ship ___________and settled at Plymouth, Massachusetts.16. The Declaration of Independence was drafted by __________________.17. On January 1, 1863, President Lincoln issues ___________________________ whichgranted freedom to all slaves in Confederate states.18. In April 1865, ________________ surrendered to General Grant at Appomattox CourtHouse.19. In US, the state executive power is given to the governor while the federal executivepower is given to the ____________.20. The theme of American literature is the record of _______________________.II. Multiple choice（10 points, with 1 point for each）1.The earliest written records of Britain’s inhabitants came from ________.A. the CeltsB. the RomansC. the NormansD. the Germans2. Christianity was introduced into Britain by ________.A. the CeltsB. the GermansC. the Viking DanesD. the Romans3. Which of the following is not considered a characteristic of the Englishman?A. reservedB. toughC. shy of strangersD. suspicious of change4. In the year 1066, William the Conqueror invaded England from France, defeating theSaxon king Harold at________.A. the Battle of CrecyB. the Battle of AgincourtC. the Battle of HastingsD. the Battle of Waterloo5. Shakespeare lived in the period of ________.A. the Middle AgesB. the Victorian AgeC. the Elizabethan ageD. the Industrial Revolution6. The stereotyped images of Indians that most other Americans have are from________.A. Western moviesB. the mutual contactC. the visits of IndiansD. research by anthropologists7. In the 1950s, Americans were concerned with three of the following issuesexcept________.A. the influence of the socialist countriesB. the Cold WarC. America’s global involvementD. poverty at home8. Who invented the detective story?A. Edgar Allan PoeB. Fenimore CooperC. Washington IrvingD. Nathaniel Hawthorne9. Which of the following was the true literary heart of America in the 19th century?A. New York CityB. Walden PondC. Concord, MassachusettsD. Brook Farm10. How many continental states were there at the time of independence of the UnitedStates?A. 35B. 48C. 13D. 50III. Definition（20 points, with 4 points for each）1. the Norman Conquest2. the “lost generation”3. New England4. the Industrial Revolution5. the Westward MovementIV. Short answer questions（30 points, with 5 points for each）1. What do you know about the American Civil War?2. What is the Hundred Years’ War in British history?3. How do you define the Victorian age?4. How much do you know Mark Twain the American novelist?5. What is traditionally typical Englishman thought to be like?6. What is the principle of “balance of power”?V. Essay writing（30 points, with 15 points for each）1. Why is William Shakespeare so important in English literature?2. What is the origin of Thanksgiving Day?《英美文化》复习题BI. Fill in the blanks（10 points, with 0.5 point for each）1. The study of English literature usually begins with _____________.2. In the sixteenth century, the most famous British writer Thomas More wrote a book called __________ telling of a journey to an imaginary island.3. The full name of the United Kingdom is ______________________________________.4. The two largest islands of the British Isles are Britain and _______________.5. Many people associate the Elizabethan age with two things. The first is ______________, and the other is adventure on the sea.6. The greatest sailor who led the English fleet to victory in fighting the Spanish Armada was_____________.7. The roots of the English language go back to __________________.8. The history of English really began around the year AD 450 when the three Germanic tribesof ___________, Saxons and Jutes invaded England in succession.9. The first American writer to win the Nobel Prize for literature was ________________.10. The Adventures of Tom Sawyer is written by _____________________.11. Henry David Thoreau’s masterpiece _______________ is a record of his experience ofliving alone for two years in a cabin beside Walden Pond.12. The Call of the Wild, written by American writer_________________, is an exciting taleof a man and a dog in Alaska during gold rush days.13. A Farewell to Arms is a famous novel written by American writer____________________.14. All American children are offered _______ years of free public education.15. The typical food for a traditional Thanksgiving dinner are____________ and pumpkin pie.16. Former President_________ said that crime is America’s “number one enemy”.17. The holy book of Christianity is ______________; it consists of two parts, the OldTestament and the New Testament.18. The two oldest universities in Britain are ____________ and Cambridge.19. The head of the Commonwealth is __________________.20. The use of stream of consciousness was first started ________________, whosemasterpiece was Ulysses.II. Multiple choice（10 points, with 1 point for each）1. Which of the following is a tragedy written by Shakespeare? ______A. Twelfth NightB. The TempestC. OthelloD. Richard II2. What flourished in Elizabethan age more than any other form of literature? ______A. DramaB. PoetryC. NovelD. Essay3. The Church of England is “established” in________.A. the whole of BritainB. England and WalesC. England and ScotlandD. England only4. The first American Thanksgiving was hosted by________.A. the IndiansB. the PilgrimsC. the Spanish settlersD. the French settlers5. The first group of English Puritans to land in America called themselves “Pilgrims”because________.A. it was the name of their churchB. they had been persecutedC. they had wandered for a great distance in search of freedomD. they came fromHolland6. During the whole of the eighteenth century, England’s greatest enemy was________.A. FranceB. AmericaC. GermanyD. Spain7. In the three centuries following 1066, the literary works of England were written in________.A. English onlyB. English and FrenchC. English and LatinD. English, French and Latin8. In the 1950s, Americans were concerned with three of the following issuesexcept________.A. the influence of the socialist countriesB. the Cold WarC. America’s global involvementD. poverty at home9. Who invented the detective story? ________A. Edgar Allan PoeB. Fenimore CooperC. Washington IrvingD. Nathaniel Hawthorne10. Which of the following was the true literary heart of America in the 19th century? ________A. New York CityB. Walden PondC. Concord, MassachusettsD. Brook FarmIII. Definition（20 points, with 4 points for each）1. New England2. Mayflower3. the Norman Conquest4. Cowboys5. the Westward MovementIV. Short answer questions（30 points, with 5 points for each）1. What is traditionally typical Englishman thought to be like?2. What do you know about the American Civil War?3. How much do you know Jesus Christ?4. How do you define the Victorian age?5. How much do you know Mark Twain the American novelist?6. What is the Industrial Revolution?V. Essay writing（30 points, with 15 points for each）1. What are the elements and functions of British Parliament? Discuss the role of each element and explain briefly.2. What is the origin of Thanksgiving Day?《英美文化》复习题CI. Fill in the blanks（10 points, with 0.5 point for each）1. Britain, unlike France and the USA, has no __________ constitution.2. The Queen usually acts on the advice of ________________.3. Two states are separated from continental US; that is Hawaii in the __________ Ocean andAlaska to the northwest of Canada.4. The first successful English colony in the America was founded at_____________________in 1607.5. In 1626, Dutch settlers built the town of New Amsterdam which was later renamed by theEnglish as _____________.6. The first shot of the American War of Independence was fired at _______________ on April19, 1775.7. In 1620, a group of Puritans, called Pilgrims, crossed the Atlantic in the ship ___________and settled at Plymouth, Massachusetts.8. All American children are offered _______ years of free public education.9. The typical food for a traditional Thanksgiving dinner are____________ and pumpkin pie.10. Former President_________ said that crime is America’s “number one enemy”.11. The holy book of Christianity is ______________; it consists of two parts, the OldTestament and the New Testament.12. The two oldest universities in Britain are ____________ and Cambridge.13. The head of the Commonwealth is __________________.14. The use of stream of consciousness was first started ________________, whosemasterpiece was Ulysses.15. The most important Middle English poet was________.16. The real center of power in Parliament is________.17. The study of English literature usually begins with _____________.18. The full name of the United Kingdom is ______________________________________.19. The two largest islands of the British Isles are Britain and _______________.20. Many people associate the Elizabethan age with two things. The first is ______________, and the other is adventure on the sea.II. Multiple choice（10 points, with 1 point for each）1. During the whole of the eighteenth century, England’s greatest enemy was________.A. FranceB. AmericaC. GermanyD. Spain2. In the three centuries following 1066, the literary works of England were written in________.A. English onlyB. English and FrenchC. English and LatinD. English, French and Latin3. In the 1950s, Americans were concerned with three of the following issuesexcept________.A. the influence of the socialist countriesB. the Cold WarC. America’s global involvementD. poverty at home4. Who invented the detective story?A. Edgar Allan PoeB. Fenimore CooperC. Washington IrvingD. Nathaniel Hawthorne5. Which of the following was the true literary heart of America in the 19th century?A. New York CityB. Walden PondC. Concord, MassachusettsD. Brook Farm6.The earliest written records of Britain’s inhabitants came from ________.A. the CeltsB. the RomansC. the NormansD. the Germans7. Christianity was introduced into Britain by ________.A. the CeltsB. the GermansC. the Viking DanesD. the Romans8. Which of the following is not considered a characteristic of the Englishman?A. reservedB. toughC. shy of strangersD. suspicious of change9. In the year 1066, William the Conqueror invaded England from France, defeating theSaxon king Harold at________.A. the Battle of CrecyB. the Battle of AgincourtC. the Battle of HastingsD. the Battle of Waterloo10. Shakespeare lived in the period of ________.A. the Middle AgesB. the Victorian AgeC. the Elizabethan ageD. the Industrial RevolutionIII. Definition（20 points, with 4 points for each）1. the Elizabethan age2. the Westward Movement3. Cowboys4. the “lost generation”5. the Norman ConquestIV. Short answer questions（30 points, with 5 points for each）1. What do you know about the American War of Independence?2. What do you know about the American Civil War?3. How do you understand the Great Depression in America?4. What is the principle of “balance of power”?5. How much do you know Mark Twain the American novelist?6. What is traditionally typical Englishman thought to be like?V. Essay writing（30 points, with 15 points for each）1. What are the elements and functions of British Parliament? Discuss the role of each element and explain briefly.2. Why is William Shakespeare so important in English literature?。

英美社会与文化试题参考答案

are the general features of Britain`s independent schools？An independent school in the United Kingdom is a school relying upon private sources for all of its funding, predominantly in the form of school fees. In England and Wales the term public school is often used to refer to what is normally called in other countries a "private" school, a term which originally referred to those schools named in the Public Schools Act 1868. These schools themselves tend to prefer the term "independent school".is the United States regarded as a "melting pot" and a "salad"？The melting pot is a metaphor for a heterogeneous society becoming more homogeneous, the different elements "melting together" into a harmonious whole with a common culture. It is particularly used to describe the assimilation of immigrants to the United States; the melting-together metaphor was in use by the 1780s.After 1970 the desirability of assimilation and the melting pot model was challenged by proponents of multiculturalism, who assert that cultural differences within society are valuable and should be preserved, proposing the alternative metaphor of the salad bowl – different cultures mix, but remain distinct.did America change its policy and enter world war two?Because the Great Depression lead a worldwide warfare crisis . But in the face of the Warfare crisis，the thinking of isolationism and anthropocentrism filled the society of America,most of American pay no attention on the war of other countries. It was until March of 1941 when the warfare fo west Europe is become incandescent the Capitol Hill adopt the Act of Lease. This marked US was no longer neutral state but a member of Allies. Than the Pearl Harbor incident finally made the United States enter The World War II on the side of the Allies.were Nixon's well-known contributions during his presidency?Nixon is noted for his diplomatic foreign policy, especially with the Soviet Union and China, and his efforts to end the Vietnam War. He is also noted for his middle-of-the-road domestic policy that combined conservative rhetoric and, in many cases, liberal action, as in his environmental policy.As president, Nixon imposed wage and price controls, indexed Social Security for inflation, and created Supplemental Security Income. The number of pages added to the Federal Register each year doubled under Nixon. He advocated gun control, reduced speed limits, and eradicated the last remnants of the gold standard. Nixon created the Environmental Protection Agency and Occupational Safety and Health Administration and implemented the Philadelphia Plan, the first significant federal affirmative action program.was the cause of the American civil war?1. Economic and social differences between the North and the South.2. States versus federal rights3. The fight between Slave and Non-Slave State Proponents.4. Growth of the Abolition Movement.5. The election of Abraham Lincoln.are the two characteristics of the construction?the Statue of Liberty The Capitolare the qualifications for a senator and a representative respectively? Senator:1) each senator must be at least 30 years old, 2) must have been a citizen of the United States for at least the past nine years, and 3) must be (at the time of the election) an inhabitant of the state he or she seeks to represent.Each representative must: (1) be at least twenty-five years old; (2) have been a citizen of the United States for the past seven years; and (3) be (at the time of the election) an inhabitant of the state they represent.are the Major powers of the supreme court?The Supreme Court of the United States is the highest judicial body in the United States, and leads the federal judiciary. It consists of the Chief Justice of the United States and eight Associate Justices, who are nominated by the President and confirmed with the "advice and consent" of the Senate. Justices serve "during good Behaviour," which terminates at death, resignation, retirement, or conviction on impeachment. The Court meets in Washington, . in the United States Supreme Court building. The Supreme Court is primarily an appellate court, but has original jurisdiction in a small number of cases.does an American university choose its applicants?It will through some aspects：transcript，academic performance，extra-curricular achievements，personnel，inherence，artistic skillsare the origins of thanksgiving day?Thanksgiving, or Thanksgiving Day, is a traditional North American holiday, which is a form of harvest festival. The date and whereabouts of the first Thanksgiving celebration is a topic of modest contention, though the earliest attested Thanksgiving celebration was on September 8, 1565 in what is now Saint Augustine, Florida. Despite any scholarly research to the contrary, however, the traditional "first Thanksgiving" presented by Chief Massasoit is venerated as having occurred at the site of Plymouth Plantation, in 1621.is the essence of American puritanism?1，puritanism is a strict religious doctrine.2, puritanism also has practical aspects. Puritans have to work hard, and prepare for the obstacles they will meet in their life.American puritanism contains origional sin, predestination,total depravity，limited atonement of God's graceis the lost generation?The Lost Generation is a term used to refer to a collective group of artists and writers who settled in Europe in the wake of the First World War. Members of the Lost Generation lived in Europe in the 1920s and early 1930s, and they had a profound impact on society and the arts. This generation is referred to as “lost” not because it has faded from memory, but because the individuals in the Lost Generation often expressed a sense of emotional confusion, feeling lost in their own society.are the characteristics of American writing during the romantic period? reaction against logic and reason; antiscientific in its bent; faith in something inherently good and transcendent in the human spirit in no need of salvation, but rather in need of awakening..."In this romantic period, writers put more emphasis on moral enthusiasm, and their masterpieces were full of passion, emotion, fancy and imagination. They also had a faith in the value of individualism and intuitive perception, they displayed personalities, express feelings and ideas, emphasize men’s rights for freed om and happiness.For their part human nature is of good will. Men can learn the world through their own ability, conscience and intuition. The romantic showed a deep admiration and love for nature. They praised America’s landscape of its primitive forest s, meadows, vast plains, seas and blue oceans. The beauty and perfection of nature could enable them to have unutterable joy and exuberance. And nature was regarded as a source of goodness while man’s societies a source of corruption. Writers like Freneau, Cooper and Bryant took a great interest in external nature in their respective works. the background for the American civil rights movement.The Civil Rights Movement in the United States has been a long, primarily nonviolent struggle to bring full civil rights and equality under the law to primarily African American citizens of United States. There have been many movements on behalf of other groups in the . over time, but the term is often used to refer to the struggles between 1955 and 1968 to end discrimination against African-Americans and to end racial segregation, especially in the . South. See African American for information on how various terms have been used at that time period for African Americans.comments on women's liberation movement.The changes women worked for included changes in economic practices, such as not only asking equal work, but also equal opportunity for jobs in fields such as science and technology, management and politics.They wanted changes in social practices and attitudes which would acknowledge that women were not inferior to men in intelligence or abilityLegal segregation ended in the South as a result of the civil rights women's movement continues to gain more rights and opportunities for women.The social movements of the 1960s had a strong effect on the way people think and caused changes in many laws.is the lvy league?name at least 4 of its members.The Ivy League is an athletic conference comprising eight private institutions of higher education in the Northeastern United States. The term is most commonly used to refer to those eight schools considered as a group. The term also has connotations of academic excellence, selectivity in admissions, and a reputation for social elitism.Brown UniversityHarvard UniversityYale UniversityColumbia University。

英美概论考试复习题

The Society & Culture of Major English-speaking Countries英语国家社会与文化The UK1. What are the four nations which make up of the UK?这四个国家是什么构成的英国吗England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland2. The UK maintain links with its former colonial countries through a loose andvoluntary organization called ___________.英国保持联系前殖民国家通过宽松、自愿组织称British Commonwealth英联邦3. But more important today to consider modern Britain’s role in its internationalrelations is to emphasize its role as a member of _____但更重要的是今天考虑现代英国年代作用的国际关系是强调其角色的成员European Union欧洲联盟，欧盟4. What are the main religions in the UK? 什么是主要宗教在英国吗Anglicanism (英国国教), Catholicism天主教；天主教义, Christianism耶稣教；基督教, and others (e.g. Islam).5. British history has been a history of invasions. Can you list the invaders fromthe first to the last? 英国的历史上一直是侵略的历史。

你能列举侵略者从第一行到最后一行吗Rome Empire →Germanic peoples: the Anglo-Saxon →Vikings from northern Europe →Normans from northern France罗马帝国日耳曼人:盎格鲁-萨克逊维京人从北欧诺曼人从法国北部6. Who were the forefathers of the English?他们的先辈的英语吗Anglo-Saxon盎格鲁-撒克逊7. Who is King Arthur? Why do the contemporary English people think of KingArthur as their hero?谁是亚瑟王呢?为什么当代英国人觉得亚瑟王的英雄吗A great leader in a English legend derives from the fifth century AD. It is said thathe united the British and drove the Saxons back with his magical sword, Excalibur.一个伟大的领袖,在英国传说中来自第五世纪广告。

英美文化考试试题附答案

1.What are the differences in political system between the UK and the USA? DifferencesF irst the political party system .Britain appears the earliest bourgeois partyin the world and it is the first country to establish and implement two-party system: two-party system combined with the British cabinet system. The cabinet consists of the political party which gains the majority at a general election. The largest opposition party is the House of Commons which can establish a shadow cabinet. The organization of British Party is strict and there are many party members. Britain's two political parties are two different political factions in the parliament at first. On the contrary, the internal organization of American political party is very loose. The ruling par ty masters executive power, but doesn’t master the legislative power. American's two political parties aim at supporting and opposing federalism. The party's main activity is the presidential campaign. The two-party system is stable. This kind of system will cause the United States parties which are in the middle of the internal organization is very weak.S econd comparison is the Constitution. Up until now, t the Britain does not havea single document called the Constitution but its constitutional provisions are scattered over various Acts of Parliament. The British constitution is the product of a long-term historical evolution. It is the sum total of the common law over the years. The basic principle of the British Constitution is obscure. However, the United States has a written constitution which is very difficult to change. The United States Constitution is the fundamental law of America, which establishes the legal basis for the American political system.The US Constitution has four major principles: separation of powers, federal system, doctrine of constitutional supremacy and equality. The two purposes of the United States constitution are limiting the power of the government and protecting people's freedom.T hird is the legal system. American and British legislative systems have the sameprinciples in general Parliament is the center of the British political stage and is Britain's top legislative branch. The government is elected from the parliament and it should be responsible for the parliament. Parliament is a bicameral legislature. The House of Commons and the House of Lords constitute the British Parliament. In the meantime, the U.S. congress is the highest legislative branch, which consists of the senate and the House of Representatives. The main powers of congress are legislative power, supervisory power of judicial administration, examination and approval authority and amending power. In addition, congress can pass the resolution which does not need the president to sign.2.What is the role of the Monarch in the UK?Monarchy is the oldest form of government in the United Kingdom.In a monarchy, a king or queen is Head of State. The British monarchy is known as a constitutional monarchy. This means that, while The Sovereign is Head of State, the ability to make and pass legislation resides with an elected Parliament.Although the British Sovereign no longer has a political or executive role, he or she continues to play an important part in the life of the nation.As Head of State, The Monarch undertakes constitutional and representational duties which have developed over one thousand years of history. In addition to these State duties, The Monarch has a less formal role as 'Head of Nation'. The Sovereign acts as a focus for national identity, unity and pride; gives a sense of stability and continuity; officially recognises success and excellence; and supports the ideal of voluntary service.3.How do you comment on the British education system?课本66页简述+First，these deucation can develop their creativity and imagination maybe that is why there are so mang Nobel Prize's winners and plenty of inventions.Second,these education can give them a chance to enter a famous college like Oxford and Cambridge which is the best single way to guarantee them a successful career.Third these education can develop their patriotism which is important to a country.Of course ,this will lead to a peaceful society.These education can also inspire their passion to make countribution to their society to make a more prosperoty country. These education make a fully developed person who always knows what he wants to do and how to do it well,and then he can live a happy life.4. What do you think of the Open University in Britain?5. How do you comment on the American education system?7题补充：18. How do people celebrate Halloween?P277Every October 31, both children and adults slip into the night as ghosts, princesses and pirates, and tell tales of witches and ghosts. Pumpkins are carved into glowering (怒视的) jack-o'-lanterns (a kind of lantern南瓜做的杰克灯笼). Children parade from house to house, knocking on doors and calling out "Trick or treat!" hoping to have their bags filled with candy. It can be a night of fun for those who participate.17. What does Guy Fawkes’ Day celebrate? P26316.Discuss the development in the US magazine industry and identify the strengths and weaknesses of the magazine medium.P24915.Discuss the main services of the British national public broadcaster the BBC.P23014.List the famous broadcasters in the UK and the USA and try to make a comparison between the broadcasting systems in the two countries.Media of the United Kingdom consist of several different types of communications media: television, radio, newspapers, magazines, and Web sites. The country also has a strong music industry. The United Kingdom has a diverse range of providers, the most prominent being the state-owned public service broadcaster, the BBC (British Broadcasting Corporation). Regional media is covered by local radio, television and print newspapers.USA Broadcasting was an American media company owned by veteran entertainment industry executive Barry Diller. This network was the over-the-air broadcasting arm of USA Network.。

英美社会与文化试题参考答案

An independent school in the United Kingdom is a school relying upon private sources for all of its funding, predominantly in the form of school fees. In England and Wales the term public school is often used to refer to what is normally called in other countries a "private" school, a term which originally referred to those schools named in the Public Schools Act 1868. These schools themselves tend to prefer the term "independent school".is the United States regarded as a "melting pot" and a "salad"？The melting pot is a metaphor for a heterogeneous society becoming more homogeneous, the different elements "melting together" into a harmonious whole with a common culture. It is particularly used to describe the assimilation of immigrants to the United States; the melting-together metaphor was in use by the 1780s.After 1970 the desirability of assimilation and the melting pot model was challenged by proponents of multiculturalism, who assert that cultural differences within society are valuable and should be preserved, proposing the alternative metaphor of the salad bowl – different cultures mix, but remain distinct.did America change its policy and enter world war two?Because the Great Depression lead a worldwide warfare crisis . But in the face of the Warfare crisis，the thinking of isolationism and anthropocentrism filled the society of America,most of American pay no attention on the war of other countries. It was until March of 1941 when the warfare fo west Europe is become incandescent the Capitol Hill adopt the Act of Lease. This marked US was no longer neutral state but a member of Allies. Than the Pearl Harbor incident finally made the United States enter The World War II on the side of the Allies.were Nixon's well-known contributions during his presidency?Nixon is noted for his diplomatic foreign policy, especially with the Soviet Union and China, and his efforts to end the Vietnam War. He is also noted for his middle-of-the-road domestic policy that combined conservative rhetoric and, in many cases, liberal action, as in his environmental policy.As president, Nixon imposed wage and price controls, indexed Social Security for inflation, and created Supplemental Security Income. The number of pages added to the Federal Register each year doubled under Nixon. He advocated gun control, reduced speed limits, and eradicated the last remnants of the gold standard. Nixon created the Environmental Protection Agency and Occupational Safety and Health Administration and implemented the Philadelphia Plan, the first significant federal affirmative action program.was the cause of the American civil war?1. Economic and social differences between the North and the South.2. States versus federal rights3. The fight between Slave and Non-Slave State Proponents.4. Growth of the Abolition Movement.5. The election of Abraham Lincoln.are the two characteristics of the construction?the Statue of Liberty The Capitolare the qualifications for a senator and a representative respectively?Senator:1) each senator must be at least 30 years old, 2) must have been a citizen of the United States for at least the past nine years, and 3) must be (at the time of the election) an inhabitant of the state he or she seeks to represent.Each representative must: (1) be at least twenty-five years old; (2) have been a citizen of the United States for the past seven years; and (3) be (at the time of the election) an inhabitant of the state they represent.are the Major powers of the supreme court?The Supreme Court of the United States is the highest judicial body in the United States, and leads the federal judiciary. It consists of the Chief Justice of the United States and eight Associate Justices, who are nominated by the President and confirmed with the "advice and consent" of the Senate. Justices serve "during good Behaviour," which terminates at death, resignation, retirement, or conviction on impeachment. The Court meets in Washington, . in the United States Supreme Court building. The Supreme Court is primarily an appellate court, but has original jurisdiction in a small number of cases.does an American university choose its applicants?It will through some aspects：transcript，academic performance，extra-curricular achievements，personnel，inherence，artistic skillsare the origins of thanksgiving day?Thanksgiving, or Thanksgiving Day, is a traditional North American holiday, which is a form of harvest festival. The date and whereabouts of the first Thanksgiving celebration is a topic of modest contention, though the earliest attested Thanksgiving celebration was on September 8, 1565 in what is now Saint Augustine, Florida. Despite any scholarly research to the contrary, however, the traditional "first Thanksgiving" presented by Chief Massasoit is venerated as having occurred at the site of Plymouth Plantation, in 1621.is the essence of American puritanism?1，puritanism is a strict religious doctrine.2, puritanism also has practical aspects. Puritans have to work hard, and prepare for the obstacles they will meet in their life.American puritanism contains origional sin, predestination,total depravity，limited atonement of God's graceis the lost generation?The Lost Generation is a term used to refer to a collective group of artists and writers who settled in Europe in the wake of the First World War. Members of the Lost Generation lived in Europe in the 1920s and early 1930s, and they had a profound impact on society and the arts. This generation is referred to as “lost” not because it has faded from memory, but because the individuals in the Lost Generation often expressed a sense of emotional confusion, feeling lost in their own society.are the characteristics of American writing during the romantic period? reaction against logic and reason; antiscientific in its bent; faith in something inherently good and transcendent in the human spirit in no need of salvation, but rather in need of awakening..."In this romantic period, writers put more emphasis on moral enthusiasm, and theirmasterpieces were full of passion, emotion, fancy and imagination. They also had a faith in the value of individualism and intuitive perception, they displayed personalities, express feelings and ideas, emphasize men’s rights for freedom and happiness.For their part human nature is of good will. Men can learn the world through their own ability, conscience and intuition. The romantic showed a deep admiration and love for nature. They praised America’s landscape of its primitive forests, meadows, vast plains, seas and blue oceans. The beauty and perfection of nature could enable them to have unutterable joy and exuberance. And nature was regarded as a source of goodness while man’s societies a source of corruption. Writers like Freneau, Cooper and Bryant took a great interest in external nature in their respective works. the background for the American civil rights movement.The Civil Rights Movement in the United States has been a long, primarily nonviolent struggle to bring full civil rights and equality under the law to primarily African American citizens of United States. There have been many movements on behalf of other groups in the . over time, but the term is often used to refer to the struggles between 1955 and 1968 to end discrimination against African-Americans and to end racial segregation, especially in the . South. See African American for information on how various terms have been used at that time period for African Americans.comments on women's liberation movement.The changes women worked for included changes in economic practices, such as not only asking equal work, but also equal opportunity for jobs in fields such as science and technology, management and politics.They wanted changes in social practices and attitudes which would acknowledge that women were not inferior to men in intelligence or abilityLegal segregation ended in the South as a result of the civil rights women's movement continues to gain more rights and opportunities for women.The social movements of the 1960s had a strong effect on the way people think and caused changes in many laws.is the lvy league?name at least 4 of its members.The Ivy League is an athletic conference comprising eight private institutions of higher education in the Northeastern United States. The term is most commonly used to refer to those eight schools considered as a group. The term also has connotations of academic excellence, selectivity in admissions, and a reputation for social elitism.Brown UniversityHarvard UniversityYale UniversityColumbia University。

英美文化考试试题附答案

1.What are the differences in political system between the UK and the USA?DifferencesF irst the political party system .Britain appears the earliest bourgeois party in the world and it isthe first country to establish and implement two-party system: two-party system combined with the British cabinet system. The cabinet consists of the political party which gains the majority at a general election. The largest opposition party is the House of Commons which can establish a shadow cabinet. The organization of British Party is strict and there are many party members. Britain's two political parties are two different political factions in the parliament at first. On the contrary, the internal organization of American political party is very loose. The ruling party masters executive power, but doesn’t master the legislative power. American's two political parties aim at supporting and opposing federalism. The party's main activity is the presidential campaign. The two-party system is stable. This kind of system will cause the United States parties which are in the middle of the internal organization is very weak.S econd comparison is the Constitution. Up until now, t the Britain does not have a singledocument called the Constitution but its constitutional provisions are scattered over various Acts of Parliament. The British constitution is the product of a long-term historical evolution. It is the sum total of the common law over the years. The basic principle of the British Constitution is obscure. However, the United States has a written constitution which is very difficult to change. The United States Constitution is the fundamental law of America, which establishes the legal basis for the American political system.The US Constitution has four major principles: separation of powers, federal system, doctrine of constitutional supremacy and equality. The two purposes of the United States constitution are limiting the power of the government and protecting people's freedom.T hird is the legal system. American and British legislative systems have the same principles ingeneral Parliament is the center of the British political stage and is Britain's top legislative branch. The government is elected from the parliament and it should be responsible for the parliament. Parliament is a bicameral legislature. The House of Commons and the House of Lords constitute the British Parliament. In the meantime, the U.S. congress is the highest legislative branch, which consists of the senate and the House of Representatives. The main powers of congress are legislative power, supervisory power of judicial administration, examination and approval authority and amending power. In addition, congress can pass the resolution which does not need the president to sign.2.What is the role of the Monarch in the UK?Monarchy is the oldest form of government in the United Kingdom.In a monarchy, a king or queen is Head of State. The British monarchy is known as a constitutional monarchy. This means that, while The Sovereign is Head of State, the abilityto make and pass legislation resides with an elected Parliament.Although the British Sovereign no longer has a political or executive role, he or she continues to play an important part in the life of the nation.As Head of State, The Monarch undertakes constitutional and representational duties which have developed over one thousand years of history. In addition to these State duties, The Monarch has a less formal role as 'Head of Nation'. The Sovereign acts as a focus for national identity, unity and pride; gives a sense of stability and continuity; officially recognises success and excellence; and supports the ideal of voluntary service.3.How do you comment on the British education system?课本66页简述+First，these deucation can develop their creativity and imagination maybe that is why there are so mang Nobel Prize's winners and plenty of inventions.Second,these education can give them a chance to enter a famous college like Oxford and Cambridge which is the best single way to guarantee them a successful career.Third these education can develop their patriotism which is important to a country.Of course ,this will lead to a peaceful society.These education can also inspire their passion to make countribution to their society to make a more prosperoty country. These education make a fully developed person who always knows what he wants to do and how to do it well,and then he can live a happy life.4. What do you think of the Open University in Britain?5. How do you comment on the American education system?7题补充：18. How do people celebrate Halloween?P277Every October 31, both children and adults slip into the night as ghosts, princesses and pirates,and tell tales of witches and ghosts. Pumpkins are carved into glowering (怒视的) jack-o'-lanterns (a kind of lantern南瓜做的杰克灯笼). Children parade from house to house, knocking on doors and calling out "Trick or treat!" hoping to have their bags filled with candy. It can be a night of fun for those who participate.17. What does Guy Fawkes’ Day celebrate? P26316.Discuss the development in the US magazine industry and identify the strengths and weaknesses of the magazine medium.P24915.Discuss the main services of the British national public broadcaster the BBC.P23014.List the famous broadcasters in the UK and the USA and try to make a comparison between the broadcasting systems in the two countries.Media of the United Kingdom consist of several different types of communications media: television, radio, newspapers, magazines, and Web sites. The country also has a strong music industry. The United Kingdom has a diverse range of providers, the most prominent being the state-owned public service broadcaster, the BBC(British Broadcasting Corporation). Regional media is covered by local radio, television and print newspapers.USA Broadcasting was an American media company owned by veteran entertainment industry executive Barry Diller. This network was the over-the-air broadcasting arm of USA Network.。

英美社会与文化试题参考答案(仅供参考)教学内容

1.what are the general features of Britain`s independent schools？An independent school in the United Kingdom is a school relying upon private sources for all of its funding, predominantly in the form of school fees. In England and Wales the term public school is often used to refer to what is normally called in other countries a "private" school, a term which originally referred to those schools named in the Public Schools Act 1868. These schools themselves tend to prefer the term "independent school".2.why is the United States regarded as a "melting pot" and a "salad"？The melting pot is a metaphor for a heterogeneous society becoming more homogeneous, the different elements "melting together" into a harmonious whole with a common culture. It is particularly used to describe the assimilation of immigrants to the United States; the melting-together metaphor was in use by the 1780s.After 1970 the desirability of assimilation and the melting pot model was challenged by proponents of multiculturalism, who assert that cultural differences within society are valuable and should be preserved, proposing the alternative metaphor of the salad bowl –different cultures mix, but remain distinct.3.why did America change its policy and enter world war two?Because the Great Depression lead a worldwide warfare crisis . But in the face of the Warfare crisis，the thinking of isolationism and anthropocentrism filled the society of America,most of American pay no attention on the war of other countries. It was until March of 1941 when the warfare fo west Europe is become incandescent the Capitol Hill adopt the Act of Lease. This marked US was no longer neutral state but a member of Allies. Than the Pearl Harbor incident finally made the United States enter The World War II on the side of the Allies.4.what were Nixon's well-known contributions during his presidency?Nixon is noted for his diplomatic foreign policy, especially with the Soviet Union and China, and his efforts to end the Vietnam War. He is also noted for his middle-of-the-road domestic policy that combined conservative rhetoric and, in many cases, liberal action, as in his environmental policy.As president, Nixon imposed wage and price controls, indexed Social Security for inflation, and created Supplemental Security Income. The number of pages added to the Federal Register each year doubled under Nixon. He advocated gun control, reduced speed limits, and eradicated the last remnants of the gold standard. Nixon created the Environmental Protection Agency and Occupational Safety and Health Administration and implemented the Philadelphia Plan, the first significant federal affirmative action program.5.what was the cause of the American civil war?1. Economic and social differences between the North and the South.2. States versus federal rights3. The fight between Slave and Non-Slave State Proponents.4. Growth of the Abolition Movement.5. The election of Abraham Lincoln.6.what are the two characteristics of the U.S construction?the Statue of Liberty The Capitol7.what are the qualifications for a senator and a representative respectively? Senator:1) each senator must be at least 30 years old, 2) must have been a citizen of the United States for at least the past nine years, and 3) must be (at the time of the election) an inhabitant ofthe state he or she seeks to represent.Each representative must: (1) be at least twenty-five years old; (2) have been a citizen of the United States for the past seven years; and (3) be (at the time of the election) an inhabitant of the state they represent.8.what are the Major powers of the supreme court?The Supreme Court of the United States is the highest judicial body in the United States, and leads the federal judiciary. It consists of the Chief Justice of the United States and eight Associate Justices, who are nominated by the President and confirmed with the "advice and consent" of the Senate. Justices serve "during good Behaviour," which terminates at death, resignation, retirement, or conviction on impeachment. The Court meets in Washington, D.C. in the United States Supreme Court building. The Supreme Court is primarily an appellate court, but has original jurisdiction in a small number of cases.9.how does an American university choose its applicants?It will through some aspects：transcript，academic performance，extra-curricular achievements，personnel，inherence，artistic skills10.what are the origins of thanksgiving day?Thanksgiving, or Thanksgiving Day, is a traditional North American holiday, which is a form of harvest festival. The date and whereabouts of the first Thanksgiving celebration is a topic of modest contention, though the earliest attested Thanksgiving celebration was on September 8, 1565 in what is now Saint Augustine, Florida. Despite any scholarly research to the contrary, however, the traditional "first Thanksgiving" presented by Chief Massasoit is venerated as having occurred at the site of Plymouth Plantation, in 1621.11.what is the essence of American puritanism?1，puritanism is a strict religious doctrine.2, puritanism also has practical aspects. Puritans have to work hard, and prepare for the obstacles they will meet in their life.American puritanism contains origional sin, predestination,total depravity，limited atonement of God's grace12.what is the lost generation?The Lost Generation is a term used to refer to a collective group of artists and writers who settled in Europe in the wake of the First World War. Members of the Lost Generation lived in Europe in the 1920s and early 1930s, and they had a profound impact on society and the arts. This generation is referred to as “lost” not because it has faded from memory, but because the individuals in the Lost Generation often expressed a sense of emotional confusion, feeling lost in their own society.13.what are the characteristics of American writing during the romantic period? reaction against logic and reason; antiscientific in its bent; faith in something inherently good and transcendent in the human spirit in no need of salvation, but rather in need of awakening..."In this romantic period, writers put more emphasis on moral enthusiasm, and their masterpieces were full of passion, emotion, fancy and imagination. They also had a faith in the value of individualism and intuitive perception, they displayed personalities, express feelings and ideas, emphasize men’s rights for freedom and happiness.For their part human nature is of good will. Men can learn the world through their own ability, conscience and intuition. The romantic showed a deep admiration and love for nature. Theypraised America’s landscape of its primitive forests, meadows, vast plains, seas and blue oceans. The beauty and perfection of nature could enable them to have unutterable joy and exuberance. And nature was regarded as a source of goodness while man’s societies a source o f corruption. Writers like Freneau, Cooper and Bryant took a great interest in external nature in their respective works.14.state the background for the American civil rights movement.The Civil Rights Movement in the United States has been a long, primarily nonviolent struggle to bring full civil rights and equality under the law to primarily African American citizens of United States. There have been many movements on behalf of other groups in the U.S. over time, but the term is often used to refer to the struggles between 1955 and 1968 to end discrimination against African-Americans and to end racial segregation, especially in the U.S. South. See African American for information on how various terms have been used at that time period for African Americans.15.make comments on women's liberation movement.The changes women worked for included changes in economic practices, such as not only asking equal work, but also equal opportunity for jobs in fields such as science and technology, management and politics.They wanted changes in social practices and attitudes which would acknowledge that women were not inferior to men in intelligence or abilityLegal segregation ended in the South as a result of the civil rights movement.The women's movement continues to gain more rights and opportunities for women.The social movements of the 1960s had a strong effect on the way people think and caused changes in many laws.16.what is the lvy league?name at least 4 of its members.The Ivy League is an athletic conference comprising eight private institutions of higher education in the Northeastern United States. The term is most commonly used to refer to those eight schools considered as a group. The term also has connotations of academic excellence, selectivity in admissions, and a reputation for social elitism.Brown UniversityHarvard UniversityYale UniversityColumbia University。

英美文化与概况复习题

英美文化与概况期末考试填空与简答复习题1、正误判断题：( 40题)判断下列题目的正误：1.Ireland was an independent kingdom before the Anglo-Saxon invaders came. ( )2.State-run school in Britain is also called public school. ( )3.Britain is an island country, with its coastline running about 8,000 kilometers. ( )4.Most British families are extended families. ( )5.Great Britain’s coastline is highly regular with many bays and inlets that provide lots ofharbors and shelters for ships and boats. ( )6.Hispanics refers to the Spanish-speaking people from Latin America. ( )7.To the north of Great Britain the seaway is open and leads to the Arctic Ocean. ( )8.Most Jews went to America during the First World War. ( )9.Most English weather experts find it easy to give a correct and reliable weather forecast.( )10.Both Welsh and Scottish people are descendents of Celts. ( )11.Noble class has already disappeared in Britain since the first industrial revolution. ( )12.Nowadays, a majority of British people believe in the Church of Rome. ( )13.Nowadays, marriage is still regarded as a holy relationship and can not be terminated tilldeath. ( )14.The development of Middle English was greatly influenced by French and Latin. ( )15.Like U.S.A, the United Kingdom is also a melting-pot of different cultures. ( )16.London, the capital of the UK, is situated on the Severn River near its mouth. ( )n and black minorities are no longer suffering from discrimination and disadvantages.( )18.The Constitution of the United States provides that vice-president shall be President of theSenate. ( )19.English people originate from the descendents of English-speaking Anglo-Saxons and theJutes. ( )20.The Supreme Court is the highest court of the United States. ( )21.The expansion of the British Empire helped to spread English into many countries and placesall over the world. ( )22. Henry VI was responsible for the establishment of the Church of England. ( )23. In terms of structure, the British central government includes three parts: the monarch, Parliament, and the cabinet. ( )24. Britain was the first nation to establish a nuclear power station. ( )25. Parliament is the supreme legislative organ of the United Kingdom. It consists of three parts: the prime minister, the House of Lords, and the House of Commons. ( )26. Britain produced many great scientists, such as Newton, Faraday, Darwin and Einstein. ( )27. The nationalized industries in Britain include coalmining, electricity, telecommunications, railways, etc. ( )28. One of the basic principles of English law is “natural law”, which means moral law. ( )29. Britain has more than 90 universities, and about one-third of their students are postgraduates.( )30. Easter Day always arrives in summer. ( )31. To expand higher education, Britain founded the TV University in 1969. ( )32. British universities generally aim to develop students’creativity and analytical skills for careers. ( )33. British universities, different in size and academic level, are governed in a different way. ( )34. Most students, poor or rich, try to earn some money by taking jobs in winter for six weeks. ( )35. In British legal system, the principle of “habeas Corpus”serves as a protection against arbitrary arrest and imprisonment. ( )36. More than 81 Oxford mathematicians and scientists have won Nobel prizes. ( )37. Prime ministers from 1945 to 1974 were once students at Cambridge. That is why the Cambridge University is called “the cradle of British prime ministers.”( )38. Nowadays, Thanksgiving Day has generalized to be a reminder of being grateful for all you hope to possess. ( )39. Easter Day is the second most important religious holidays for Christians in the United States. ( )40. The life of congress is two years, and Representatives come up for re-election every four years ( )2、知识填空题：( 40题)在下列空格中填入正确的信息词，使其句子意思完整正确：1.Of all these isles, the largest one is called . For the sake of convenience,GreatBritain is often shortened to .2.United Kingdom is made up of four parts, __________, ____________, Scotland and_________________.3.The island of Great Britain can be divided into two parts according to itsgeographic features: the in the north and west and the in the south and southeast.4.In America, The presiding officer of the senate is the _________________ of theUnited States who serves as chairman when the Senate is in session.5.Britain did not produce cotton and textile industry used to rely on _______ as the principalfiber.6.In Britain, the city ___________ is well known for its production of automobiles, electricityequipment, electronics, munitions, and arms.7.British government is produced through contest between two major political parties every____ years8.British can enjoy higher education in three ways: _____________, polytechnics and__________________.9.Mainland America is situated in the southern part of North America with two land Neighbors,_________ to the north and _________ to the south.10.The longest river in Britain is the River ，which runs 355 kilometers and emptiesinto the Bristol Strait.11._____________ is the place where American President lives and works.12.British’s population is overwhelmingly , with about 90% living in urban areas and10% living in areas.13.Britain invented the locomotive and was the first country to build a in the world in1825.14.One of the most important US government principle is “Checks and ___________”.15.The majority of the British people believe in , which is the religion of the followersof .16.The most important and longest river running through the middle plain of America is_____________________.17.The U.K. has two churches: the Church of and the Churchof .18.Important heavy industries in Britain include _____________ and _____________.19.is the official language of the United Kingdom as well as the first language ofthe vast majority of its citizens.20.The power of Federal Government in America comes from the power delegated from_________ government.20. In Britain, the place where parliament has sessions in London is ________________.21. The US Congress has two chambers, the _________ and the ______________________. The Senate comprises ___ Senators, _____ from each of the 50 states22. In early times, British nobility can be divided into nobility and nobility according to the amount of the land they possessed.23. In Britain, the nucleus of the government is known as the , which is headed by the prime minister.24. In the United Kingdom, politics is under the control of political , and this is known as party politics.25. The US Constitution protects freedom of ________ and freedom of _________ so that common people can make their opinions known.26. The highest court in Britain is __________________.27. If the jury cannot reach a unanimous agreement, it becomes known as a jury.28. The English legal profession is divided into two branches:and .29. Britain was the first country to introduce a new economic system known as enterprise.30.To meet the increasing need and protect environment, Britain has begun to develop some new energies, such as _________, deriving from waste and crops..31.Traditionally, the British culture has been characterized by its requirement of and civility in doing things.32. To the south of San Francisco locates a famous valley, named __________________, which has now become the center of America’s electronic industry.33. The Mississippi River V alley, also known as the ______________, consists of the large area between the ____________ on the east and the __________ Mountains on the west.34. Britain has traditionally been a manufacturing nation and was once known as the “__ of the world.”35. One of the most famous natural park in America, Yellow Stone National Park, is situated in the state _________.36. ____________, the most striking gambling city in America, completely relies on the water from the Colorado River.37. Everything related with family life, including family meals, is regarded as in Britain.38. The working class people usually have a “tea” with hot dishes at about 5 o’clock in the afternoon; while the middle-class people normally have an early “tea” at about 4 or 5 o’clock in the afternoon.40.Private schools in Britain are officially called schools because they are independent of the government.2、简答问题：（15题）简要回答下列问题：1.Why is America compared to a melting-pot?2.What are the characters of typical British people?3.Why do British people like to talk about weather so much?4.What changes have taken place in British families? What are the possible causes forthose changes?5.Who are the famous Queens in British history? Please write down their names.6.What are the advantages and disadvantages of Jury Trial?7.What are the popular festivals in America? Please list two or three names of them.8.What is the function of monarch in Britain?9.Why is British government system called “Constitutional Monarchy”?10.Please list some famous rivers in America.11.What measures can government take to adjust the development of economy?12.Why do some Historians call black Americans “unwilling immigrants”?13.What are the factors that can help you decide social status of a man in British society?14.What are the spirits American People worship?15.How does American government system demonstrate the principle of “Checks andBalances”?。

英美文化测试题

British and American Culture Exam PRACTICESECTION 11.Which one of the following is NOT a principle of the welfare state?a)The protection and promotion of the economic and social well-being of its citizensb)Everything is free for British and American government officialsc)Equality of opportunity and equitable distribution of wealthd)Public responsibility for those unable to avail themselves of the minimal provisions for agood life2.Which one of the following is NOT a welfare benefit in Britain and America?a)Job seeker’s Allowance for those looking for workb)Incapacity benefits for those unable to workc)Child benefits for those with many childrend)Childless benefits for those without many children3.Which one of the following is NOT a welfare service for America, but is only for Britain?a)Educationb)Healthcarec)Social Servicesd)Housing4.Which country’s people pay the most income tax?a)People in Britain pay more income tax than people in Americab)People in America pay far more income tax than people in Britainc)Both the people in Britain and America pay the same amount of income taxd)Neither the British or American people pay any income tax5.What does the acronym ‘NHS’ stand for?a)New Hospital Serviceb)New Health Servicec)National Hospital Serviced)National Health Service6.How is the NHS paid for?a)Taxpayers moneyb)Donationsc)Volunteersd)Insurance7.Which one of the following statements is true for the American healthcare system?a)Everyone receives the same treatmentb)Free at the point of usec)The treatment you get depends on your health insuranced)Funded by the nation8.Which one of the following statements is true regarding the TV licence?a)The TV licence is a tax for people with TVs in Britainb)The TV licence is a tax for people without TVs in Britainc)The TV licence is a tax for people with TVs in Americad)The TV licence is a tax for people without TVs in America9.Which one of the following statements is true regarding the TV licence?a)All British TV channels are funded by the TV licence and none by advertisingb)Some British TV channels are funded by the TV licence and the rest by advertisingc)All American TV channels are funded by the TV licence and none by advertisingd)Some American TV channels are funded by the TV licence and the rest by advertising10.Which of the following statements is true for the geographical political divide of Britain?a)The south is predominantly Labour and the north is predominately Conservativeb)The south is predominantly Conservative and the north is predominately Labourc)Both the north and the south is predominately Labourd)Both the north and the south is predominately Conservative11.Which one of the following is NOT true for right wing political parties in Britain?a)They are more capitalistb)They are pro-immigrationc)They are anti-taxationd)They are pro-privatisation.12.Which one of the following is NOT true for left wing political parties in Britain?a)They are more socialistb)They are pro-taxationc)They are anti-privatisationd)They are anti-welfare13.Which statement most accurately describes the economic divide in Britain?a)International banks are in the north and factories and mines are in the southb)Factories and mines are in the north and international banks are in the southc)Factories and mines are equally in the north and southd)International banks are equally in the north and south14.Which statement most accurately describes the social divide in Britain?a)The south is more ‘working class’ and has more immigrantsb)The south is more ‘working class’ and has less immigrantsc)The north is more ‘working class’ and has more immigrantsd)The north is more ‘working class’ and has less immigrants15.What is the largest religion in Britain and America?a)Christianb)Muslimc)Jewishd)Buddhist16.What new religion (based on a movie) was entered into UK national consensus in 2001?a)Hindub)Jedic)Sikhd)Catholic17.Which one of the following statements most accurately describes the religion views of America?a)Constitutionally secular and popularly secularb)Constitutionally religious and popularly religiousc)Constitutionally secular but popularly religiousd)Constitutionally religious but popularly secular18.Which one of the following statements most accurately describes the religion views of Britain?a)Constitutionally secular and popularly secularb)Constitutionally religious and popularly religiousc)Constitutionally secular but popularly religiousd)Constitutionally religious but popularly secular19.Which one of the following is NOT true for religious schools?a)They receive less funding from the churchb)They have better facilitiesc)They have more staffd)They are privately inspected20.Which one of the following countries was NOT part of the British Empire?a)Canadab)South Africac)Franced)Egypt21.Which one of the following was NOT a cultural influence onto the world from America?a)Moviesb)Religionc)Pop musicd)Fast food22.Which of the following statements most accurately describes the cultural influence of Britainand America onto the world?a)America influenced the world building an empire and Britain influences the world by makingmoney through mass appealb)Britain influenced the world building an empire and America influences the world by makingmoney through mass appealc)Both Britain and America influenced the world building an empired)Both Britain and America influences the world by making money through mass appeal23.Which demographic is the main cultural influ ence in London’s Notting Hill Carnival every year?a)Indianb)Hispanicc)Blackd)AsianSECTION 2 - Select ONE correct answer(25 marks, 1 for each question)1.What is the most common type of restaurant in America?a)McDonaldsb)KFCc)Wendy’sd)Chinese2.What is the most popular food in Britain?a)English foodb)Chinese takeawayc)Indian curryd)Italian restaurant3.Since the 19th century, what is the most common tea in England?a)Black teab)Green teac)Red tead)Yellow tea4.What percentage of British people is said to like tea with milk?a)38%b)58%c)78%d)98%5.Which one of the following is NOT an accurate representation of Chinese food in the west?a)Popular for set menusb)The same as in Chinac)Seen as take away foodd)Seen as buffet food6.Which one of the following is NOT true for chicken tikka masala?a) A dish of roasted chicken chunks in a creamy orange sauceb)Said to be the most popular dish in British restaurantsc) A traditional Asian dish that only Indian people eatd) A dish of unknown UK origins but hailed as a truly British7.Which one of the following is NOT a perception of Dinner in the UK?a) A meal usually eaten between 6:30 – 8:00 pmb) A meal to eat a traditional roast with family everydayc)The main meal of the dayd) A meal sometimes called ‘tea’ or ‘supper’8.Which one of the following is NOT accurate regarding cheese in the UK?a)Cheddar is a clear favourite enjoyed by a majority of peopleb)There are over 400 varieties produced in Englandc)Most of the nation’s cheese are produced in Londond)Many cheeses are named after the place they are made9.Which one of the following is NOT accurate regarding the English pub?a) A place to eat food such as fish and chipsb) A place to play games such as pool or dartsc) A place to buy newspapers such as tabloidsd) A place to drink alcohol such as beer10.Which one of the following is NOT typical of an English breakfast?a)Bacon and eggsb)Carrots and peasc)Slices of toastd)Bowl of cereal11.Which one of the following is NOT typical of a ‘packed lunch?’a)Sandwichb)Packet of crispsc)Piece of fruitd)Porridge12.Until 2011, what was the most read English-language newspaper in the world?a)The Timesb)The Sunc)The News of the Worldd)The Independent13.Which one of the following was NOT a consequence of the phone hacking scandal?a)Reporters arrestedb)Super injunction imposedc)Newspaper closed downd)Illegal activities investigated14.Why would a celebrity pay a court for a super injunction?a)To purchase the court order papersb)To attain publicity in newspaper headlinesc)To avoid being arrested by policed)To ban the press from printing their name15.What is the legal drinking age in the UK?a)14b)16c)18d)2116.Which one of the following is NOT a modern way for people in the UK to find a date?a)Placing posters in the streetb)Through television showsc)Lonely hearts columns in magazinesd)Internet dating websites17.Approximately how many marriages end in divorce in the UK?a)20%b)30%c)40%d)50%18.What is the name of the women only party that the bride will have before getting married?a)Stag partyb)Deer partyc)Hen partyd)Chicken party19.What year did the civil partnership act come into force?a)2003b)2004c)2005d)200620.Who will make the speech in a UK wedding?a)Father of the groomb)Mother of the groomc)Father of the brided)Mother of the bride21.Which of the following is NOT an accurate depiction of the BBC?a)Privately ownedb)Represents everyonec)Politically neutrald)Paid for with tax money22.What is England’s national sport?a)Footballb)Cricketc)Tennisd)Rugby23.What is England’s most popular sport?a)Footballb)Cricketc)Tennisd)Rugby24.Which one of the following does NOT accurately describe ‘binge drinking?’a)Drinking heavily in a short space of timeb)Trying to feel the effects of alcoholc)Feeling pressured into drinking by peersd)Often associated with cheap alcohol deals25.What category is alcohol in the harmful drugs classification?a)Class Ab)Class Bc)Class Cd)Neither category A, B or CSection 2Put the following answers into their corresponding table (6 marks)1.Formal English2.“High-brow”3.Sensationalist gossiprmal English5.“Red-top”6.Objective reportingDraw a line to match the following definitions(4 marks)Write TWO eating etiquette manors that is considered polite in the UK (2 marks) 1.2.Write THREE eating etiquette rules that you should not do in the UK (3 marks) 1.2.3.Section D: Choose TWO of the following questions to answer and write a short essay about it.1.What are the two ways that welfare services and benefits are normally paid? (2 marks)2.How does government decide who should receive benefits? (1 mark)3.What happens to the money raised from the TV licence? (1 mark)4.Why can channels paid for by advertising be a problem? (1 mark)5.What’s the difference between cou ncil and public housing? (2 marks)6.What are the three main political parties in Britain? (3 marks)7.What are the two main political parties in America? (2 marks)8.What are the two different houses in the Houses of Parliament? (2 marks)9.Why was the Conservative Prime Minister, Margaret Thatcher, unpopular in north Britain? (2marks)10.How is America socially divided, and why? (3 marks)11.When could a place only be called a “city” in pre-20th Century Britain? (1 mark)12.Which religious holy book was said to be “The most important book in the most importantlanguage”? (1 mark)13.Which British sport has become India and Pakistan’s national game? (1 mark)14.What is the name of the most famous place that makes movies in America? (1 mark)15.What type of marriage was made illegal in the UK if the bride/groom goes to the authorities?(1 mark)。

英美文化考试真题练习

英语知识50题1.There are __C____ political divisions on the island of Great Britain.A. oneB. twoC. threeD. four2. Magna Carta had altogether 63 clauses of which the mostimportant matters could be seen in three of the following except___B____.A. no tax should be made without the approval of the Grand Council;B. no serf should be arrested, imprisoned or deprived of his property except by the law of the landC. London and other towns should retain their ancient rights and privilegesD. There should be the same weights and measures through - out the country.3. The first steam engine was devised by Thomas Newcomer at the end of the 17th century, and the Scottish inventor ____B____ modified and improved the design in 1765.A. Abraham DarbyB. James WattC. John KayD. Richard Arkwright4. In some areas factory farming methods are used, particularly for ___D_____.A. growing cropB. producing milkC. catching fishD. rearing poultry5. By tradition, the leader of the majority party is appointed___A___ by the Sovereign in the United Kingdom.A. Prime MinisterB. Member of ParliamentC. Lord of AppealD. Speaker of the House6. Under the Anglo - Irish Treaty, Britain established ___B____ with dominion status in Ireland in 1921.A. the Anglican Church of IrelandB. the Irish Free StateC. the Irish Republican ArmyD. the Anglo - Irish Intergovernmental Council7. Irish broadcasting began in ___C___ in a small studio called Dublin Broadcasting Station.A. 1906B. 1916C. 1926D. 19368. ___D____ realized that he could win support for the Union at home and abroad by making the war a just war against slavery.A. Frederick DouglassB. George WashingtonC. John AdamsD. Abraham Lincoln9. But even after the abolition of slavery, organized or individual discrimination was practiced against ___D___.A. Chinese - AmericansB. American IndiansC. Japanese - AmericansD. black Americans10. From 1948 to 1966 average yearly growth in real spendable earnings was ___B___ percent in the United States.A. 1.1B. 2.1C. 3.1D. 4.111. After a period of prosperity (1920 ~ 1929), government involvement in the economy increased ____A_____.A. during the Great DepressionB. after the WW IC. after the WW IID. during the Cold War12. The United States grows nearly ___B__of the world's grain and supplies a half of all the exports of grain in the world.A. one thirdB. one fourthC. one sixthD. one seventh13. Through the Department of __A___, the President is responsible for the protection of Americans abroad and of foreign nationals in the United States.B. JusticeC. LaborD. Defense14. The community college embodies ___B_____ belief that an education should be practical as well as liberal.A. George Washington'sB. Thomas Jefferson'sC. Abraham Lincoln'sD. Franklin Roosevelt's15. The exploratory voyage made by ___B___ brought to a close to an era of European discovery of Australia that had lasted nearly two hundred years.A. Arthur PhilipB. Mathew FlindersC. Port JacksonD. Peter Lalor16. After the outbreak of the First World War, Australia followed Britain's lead and declared war on ____D____.A. JapanB. TurkeyC. ItalyD. Germany17. The European discovery of Canada can be traced back to the end of the ___B___ century.A. 14thB. 15thC. 16thD. 17th18. Northern provinces and territories tale up __D___ of Canada.A. halfB. two thirdsC. one thirdD. four fifths19. In New Zealand, hydroelectricity from rivers and dams supplies____C____ of total energy.A. 15%B. 16%C. 17%20. In the United States, Halloween is night - time ___A___ holiday.A. children'sB. men'sC. women'sD. old men's21. Australia is generally divided into the following three topographical regions except __B___.A. the Great Western PlateauB. the OutbackC. the Eastern HighlandsD. the Central Eastern Lowlands22. In Britain the succession order of the Crown can be altered only by common consent of __D___.A. all members of the royal familyB. the House of Lords and the House of CommonsC. cabinet and ministryD. the countries of the Commonwealth23. New Zealand is the world's largest exporters of ___A_____.A. lambB. expertiseC. honeyD. potatoes24. Today __C___ is Ireland's most influential daily.A. the Irish PressB. the Irish IndependenceC. the Irish TimesD. the Irish Daily25. In the United States, __A___ is a leading commercial crop in the South.A. cottonB. tobaccoC. peanutD. apple26. Britain is separated from the rest of Europe by the English Channel in the ____B___ and the North Sea in the east.A. eastB. southD. north27. The first known settlers of Britain were ___D____.A. the JutesB. the CeltsC. the SaxonsD. the Iberians28. The English Civil War is also called ___A___.A. the Puritan RevolutionB. the second Magna CartaC. the Long ParliamentD. the Anglican War29. The Tories were the forerunners 0f ____D___ , which still bears the nickname today.A. the Labour PartyB. the Liberal PartyC. the Social Democratic PartyD. the Conservative Party30. In Britain only ___B____ of the population are farmers but they manage 7O% of the land area.A. 2%B. 3%C. 4%D. 5%31. Which of the following Statements is NOT true about the Prime Minister in Britain? DA. He is appointed by the Queen.B. He is Minister for the Civil Service.C. He sits in the House of Commons.D. He receives ￡88,292 a year.32. London's Metropolitan Police Force is directly under thecontrol of ____B___ .A. the Lord ChancellorB. the Home SecretaryC. the Attorney GeneralD. the Prime Minister33. Which of the following statements is NOT true about theNational Health Service? BA. It Provides for every resident a full range of medical services.B. It is administered by the central government.C. Its emergency ambulances are available for doctors' urgent calls.D. It has suffered from under funding in recent decades.34. There are some ___D____ universities in the United Kingdom, including the Open University.A. 75B. 80C. 85D. 9O35. Ireland is divided into two political parts: ___C____ .A. Northern Ireland and southern IrelandB. Southern Ireland and the Republic of IrelandC. the Republic of Ireland and Northern IrelandD. Northern Ireland and Britain36. The Grand Canyon in north-western ___B____ is one of nature's most impeessive sights.A. UtahB. ArizonaC. NevadaD. Idaho37. The first immigrants in American history came from ___C____ .A. England and GermanyB. England and IrelandC. England and the NetherlandsD. England and Spain38. The United States went to war with ___A____ in 1812, the last war fought between these two countries.A. BritainB. FranceC. SpainD. Mexico39. In 1932, in the depth of the depression, the American people chose ___B____ as theirnext president who promised a "new deal" to get America out of depression.A. TheodoreB. Franklin D. RooseveltC. Woodrow WilsonD. Herbert Hoover40. Martin Luther King, Jr., a young black clergyman, became a national leader of the ___B____ Movement.A. BoycottB. Civil RightsC. SegregationD. Integration41. The cultivated land in the U.S. makes up ___A____ of the total land, and people who are engaged in farming make up only 2.7% of the total population.A. 21%B. 31%C. 41%D. 51%42. The Constitution of the United States provides that ___D____ shall be President of the Senate.A. the Secretary of StateB. the Chief JusticeC. the PresidentD. the Vice President43. The typical organizational pattern for elementary and secondary schools in the United States is that of ____C___ .A. classified schoolsB. vocational schoolsC. graded schoolsD. public schools44. In the 1920s, Black Literature developed into an upsurge which has come to be known as ____B___ .A. the Manhattan RenaissanceB. the Harlem RenaissanceC. the Black RevivalD. the African-American Rebirth45. Of all the symbols, ____D___ , which are considered to represent fertility and new life: are those most frequently associated with Easter.A. the pumpkin and the turkeyB. the lamb and the beefC. the spring peas and the potatoesD. the egg and the rabbit46. Canada was divided Into Upper Canada (English speaking) and Lower Canada(French speaking) in ____A___ and they were united again in___A____ .A. 1791/1840B. 1775/1791C. 1840/1867D. 1775/186747. Canada's early economic development was founded on ___A____ .A. resource industriesB. heavy industriesC. light industriesD. manufacturing industries48. What law made French the offical language in Canada's Quebec? BA. The Official Language Act.B. The Charter of the French Language in Quebec.C. The Meech Lake Accord.D. The new Canadian Constitution.49. The Canadian population is chiefly characterized by ___C____ .A. its sizeB. its growthC. its linguistic dualityD. its French origins50. Australia has always been a continent with few people mainly because ____D___ .A. Australia is too far away fram EuropeB. Australia is the least mountainous and most level of the world's continentsC. Australia is separated from the rest of the world by seasD. most of the continent is hot and dry。

美国社会与文化复习资料（DOC）

美国社会与⽂化复习资料（DOC）US Entertainment---SportsPART I Choose the correct answer.1.The most popular baseball league in the U.S. is ________ .A. Major League FootballB. Major League BaseballC. the American LeagueD. the National League2.Innings are divided into halves, referred to as the top and bottom of the inning.A 1B 2C 3D 43. was a truly American originA FootballB baseballC BasketballD ice-hocky4. The 32-team is the most popular and only major professional football league.A NILB NBLC NBAD NFL5. The typical American sports of baseball, basketball and football arose from games that were brought to America by _____.A. Native AmericansB. the first settlersC. the African slavesD. English people6. Which of the following sports is invented in the United States?A. FootballB. BasketballC. BaseballD. SoccerPART II Fill in the blanks1.Baseball is the oldest of the major American team sports, though baseball is no longer the most popular sport, it is stillreferred to as the "national pastime.“2. A baseball game is divided into nine periods of play, called innings.3. The National Basketball Association, is the world's premier men's professional basketball league and one of the major professional sports leagues of North America4. Football, known as gridiron or American football outside the U.S. and Canada, attracts more television Viewers than baseball, and is considered the most popular sport in the United States.5. The United States is one of creators of the International Olympic Committee6. In 1994, the US hosted _the World Cup_, which sparked increased interest in the sport.7. _Major League Baseball_ is the highest level of professional baseball competition in North America.8. The professional championship game of _football_ is called the Super Bowl.9. Sports have contributed to racial and social integration and over history have beena “social glue”bonding the country together.III True or False Statement1. ( T) Sports in the US not only provide recreation for its people, but also teach important values.IV Definition1. baseballIt is a game between two teams of 9 people. One team trying to gain points by hitting a ball and running around the field, the other tries to stop them by catching the ball and throwing it.2. NFLThere are two leagues the AFL (American Football League) and the NFC (National Football Conference) which together are part of the NFL (National Football League) 3. PATAt that stage, the team can earn one additional point by kicking the ball through the goal posts, a Point After Touchdown.V Answer questions1.What important role do sports play in American society?US Values 2014I Fill in the blanks.1. Americans believe that all people have an equal opportunity to succeed in life, despite the physical or economic conditions into which they were born.2. Americans focus more on the future than the past and even the present. Almost all energy is directed towards realizing a better future.3. American always cherishes the following values: equality, respect, gratitude, loyalty, responsibility. And, independence show up in modern American families.II Choose the most appropriate answer to each question or statement.1. Americans are even disrespectful of those in authority. What is their preference when they are called by people?A. Mr. or Mrs.B. first nameC. middle nameD. last nameV Explain each item in your own words1. American DreamThe so-called American Dream , is a belief that as long as the United States after a hard struggle will be able to achieve the idea of a better life, that is, people have to work through their own hard work.VI Questions for short answers1. The characteristics of uniformity in American culture.With regard to language, there is no real regional or class variety in speech or usage.There is not much difference in habits and ways of living. In general people share the same ideas, ideals and objectives. American people are almost entirely an urban society.In general there is not much really distinctive regional architecture or cookery, music or literature.VII Questions for discussion1.What characteristics of the American values in America impress you most in the movie ?Unit 3 American HolidayFind the exact signals or descriptions of each holidays respectively.Valentine's Day: a festival of romance and affection by exchanging tokens of loveSt. Patrick's Day : Be sure to wear greenEaster: In Christian countries it is celebrated as a religious holiday commemorating the resurrection of Jesus Christ,April Fools' Day: Play a clever (but harmless) trick or tell a joke to someone with a good sense of humorMothers' Day: carnationColumbus Day: It commemorates the discovery of America by Christopher Columbus Halloween: “Trick or treat”Thanksgiving Day: turkey Christmas: Santa Claus and his reindeersDefinition:Presidents’ DayIt honors two great American Presidents: Abraham Lincoln and George Washington. third Monday in Feb.Thanksgiving Day:It is the fourth Thursday in November, celebrates the first harvest of the Pilgrims after they survived their first winter in the new world. The theme has always been peace and plenty.Martin Luther King’s DayIt is on Jan. 15th to celebrate the birthday of Martin Luther King, Jr., a great civil rights leader who fought against racial discrimination.Independence Day:On July 4th, celebrates the birthday of the U.S. with the signing of the Declaration of Independence.Veteran's DayNovember 11, Also known as Remembrance Day, Armistice Day. It honors all the brave servicemen and women who have put their lives on the line to defend the rights and freedom of all Americans.Thanksgiving Day:The fourth Thursday in November, Celebrating a Harvest of tradition. The theme has always been peace and plenty.Christmas:D ecember25,a joyful religious holiday when Christians celebrate the birth of Jesus ChristSanta Claus: -in folklore, a fat, bearded old man in a red suit who lives at the North Pole and bringschildren presents at Christmas;Unit 5 American EducationI. Fill in the blanks/doc/747384256.htmlcation in the United States is provided mainly by government, withcontrol and funding coming from three levels: federal, state, and local.2. Elementary school is for the students who are in Grade 1-6, at the age of 6-11.3. (Senior) high school is for the students who are in Grade 9-12, at the age of 14-17.Definition:Ivy League including 8 universities, namely Brown University, Columbia University, Cornell University, Dartmouth College, Harvard University, University of Pennsylvania, Princeton University, Yale UniversityV. Explanation1. What will entitle American students to get the acceptance of college and university1) the conditions of application for a college education:2) student’s high school records3) recommendation from their high school teachers4) the impression they make during interview at the university5) their scores on the Scholastic Aptitude Tests (SATs)VI. Composition1.What characteristics of the higher education in America impress you most?US General IntroductionI Fill in the blanks.1.Since the time of independence of the United States, 48continental states were added.2.Two states are separated from the continental US, that is Hawaii inthe Pacific Ocean and Alaska to the northwest of Canada.3.In the US, there are 4 time zones form the east to west.4. “WASP” stands for White Anglo-Saxon Protestant5. Among the Great Lakes, Lake Michigan is the only one entirely in theUnited States.6. Washington, D.C is named after George Washington and ChristopherColumbus.7. The country is situated mostly in central North America , withCanada_ to the north and Mexico to the south, the Pacific Ocean to the west and Atlantic Ocean to the east.8. The federal district of USA is Washington, D.C. and the largest city isNew York City.9. Appalachian Mountains are in the eastern part and the RockyMountains are in the western part.II Choose the most appropriate answer to each question or statement.1.How many continental states were there at the time of independence ofthe US?A.35B. 48C. 13D.502.Which of the following was the last continental state added to theUnion?A.KentuckyB.ArizonaC.PennsylvaniaD.Alaska3.Which of the following description of uniformity of American culture isnot true?A.People in general share the same ideas, ideals and objectivesB.There is no real regional or class variety in speech of usage ofEnglish.C.There is not much really distinctive regional architecture orcookery.D.Generally speaking people have the same ethnic background.4. Which states are geographically separated from the American continent?A Hawaii and Alaska.B Hawaii and ArizonaC Arizona and AlaskaD Alaska and New York5. The biggest city in the US is ______ .A. Los AngelsB. New YorkC. ChicagoD. San Francisco6. Which two lakes consist of Niagara Falls?A. Lakes Superior and MichiganB. Michigan and HuronC. Huron and ErieD. Erie and Ontario7. What are the five famous symbols of American culture?A. Barbie Doll, American Gothic, Buffalo Nickel, Uncle Sam, TheStatue of LibertyB. Uncle Sam, The Statue of Liberty, Coca-cola, Barbie Doll, AmericanGothicC. American Gothic, Buffalo Nickel, Uncle Sam, Coca-cola, The Statueof LibertyD. Coca-cola, Barbie Doll, Buffalo Nickel, Uncle Sam, The Statue of Liberty8. What are the national rose and tree of US?A. rose and palmB. rose and oakC. tulip and oakD. tulip and palmIII Judge whether each statement is true(T) or false(F).1. (T) Hawaii became the 50th states of the United States in the 1948.2. (F) The largest of the racial and ethnic minorities in the US is the Hispanics.3. (F) The Grand Canyon is located in the state of Colorado.4. (T) The first thirteen states of the United States mainly located along the eastern seaboard5. (T) Arizona was the last continental state which joined the Union in the 1912.6. (T) Hollywood located in Los Angels.1. Find the nicknames of the following States in the USA. Arkansas: Land of OpportunityCalifornia: Golden StateColorado: Centennial StateFlorida: Sunshine StateHawaii: Aloha StateAlaska: Land of Midnight Sun; the Last Frontier；Peninsula State Massachusetts: Old Colony State；Bay State V Explain each item in your own words1. diversity of the peopleIt refers to the different origins of the immigrants (different ethnic backgrounds) and the differences between the first generation ofimmigrants and long-established Americans.2. Manhattan IslandIt is south-east part of New York City.It is the center of the City and includes things that are famous to the world: Wall Street, Fifth Avenue, Broadway, the Empire State Building, Rockefeller Centre, the United Nations Building, Central Park, Harlem and so onVI Questions for short answers1. Which was the “mother country”?The UK was considered as the mother country of the original thirteen colonies in North America.2. Why does Manhattan Island include everything that most people think of when they say “New York”?Because famous places like Wall Street, Fifth Avenue, Broadway, the Empire State Building, Rockefeller Centre, Central Park, Harlem and so on are on this island.Chapter 2 American History 2014II Questions and Answers on the Text1.Who was Christopher Columbus?He was a mariner from Italy who voyaged to North America.2.When did Columbus set sail?In 1492.3.Where and when was the first English colony founded?At Jamestown, Virginia, in 1607.4.How did the early colonists in Virginia manage to earn money?They discovered a way to earn money by growing tobacco.5.Who established several settlements in New England?English Puritans.6.When did the Pilgrims cross the Atlantic in the ship Mayflower?In 1620.7.How many colonies had English settlers occupied by 1733?Thirteen8.In colonial time, which act ruled that special tax stamps to be attached to allnewspapers?The stamp Act9.How did a group of patriots in 1773The Second Continental Congress1.After the first shot of the American War of independence was fired at Lexingtonon April 19,1775, the Second Continental Congress met in Philadelphia in May 1775.2.It began to assume the functions of a national government. It founded aContinental Army and Navy under the command of George Washington, and began to print paper money and opened diplomatic relations with foreign powers. It adopted on July 4, 1776 the Declaration of Independence which was drafted by Thomas Jefferson.The Bill of Rights1.In order to insure individual liberties, ten amendments—the bill of Rights wereadded to the Constitution in 17912.It guaranteed freedom of religion, a free press, free speech, the right of citizensto bear arms, protection against illegal house searches, the right to a fair trial by jury and protection against “cruel and unusual punishments”The Emancipation Proclamation1.After the Civil War began, Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation onJanuary1, 1863 to win more support at home and abroad.2.It granted freedom to all slaves in areas still controlled by the Confederacy. Reconstruction1.After the Civil War, the US Congress put forward the program of Reconstruction,or reform, of the Southern states.2.The program was bitterly opposed by most Southern whites3.It ended in 1877, when new constitutions had been ratified in all southern statesand all federal troops were withdrawn from the south.The Ku Klux Klan1.After the Civil War, some southern whites formed the Ku Klux Klan.2.It was a violent secret society that hoped to protect white interests andadvantages by terrorizing blacks and preventing them from making social advances.3.By 1872, the federal government had suppressed the Klan, but it revived severaltimes in later history.Franklin D. Roosevelt1. A former Democrat governor of New York state, he was elected president in1932.2.Within the historic “Hundred Days”, he launched the New Deal program to dealwith the Depression3.He explained his politics to the public in a series Depression, many Americansconsidered him as one of the most respected presidents in American history. The Social Security Act1.As part of the New Deal program, the Social Security Act was passed in 1935.2.It established contributory old-age and survivors’ pen sions and a jointfederal-state program of unemployment insurance.Social ProblemI choose the correct answer1.Who is responsible for the War on Poverty?A NixonB JohnsonC KennedyD Michael Harrington2.Which of the following is not drug?A MafiaB HeroinC LSD D Cocaine3.Which of the following publishes the Uniform Crime Reports?A the CIAB The Law Enforcement Assistance Administration.C The FBID The Supreme Court4.Those arrested for crimes are disproportionately likely to be three of the following except .A a city residentB youngC a member of a racial majorityD male5.Drug abuse is a social problem because of the following dysfunctions except that .A it is strongly associated with crimeB it is blamed for half of the annual total of road traffic fatalitiesC drug dependence takes a significant toll on personal health and safetyD the profits of organized crime associated with drug are an economic cost to society.II Fill in the blanks1.Poverty reemerged as a social program in the 1960s and was perceived as a condition that represented a glaring gap between American ideals and American reality.2.In 1960s, two American Presidents, President Kennedy and President Johnson, tried to solve the problem of poverty. /doc/747384256.htmltwo of the programs that were associated withthe War on Poverty: VISTA and Job Corps .4.Much of medifraud takes place in Medicaid mills./doc/747384256.htmltwo kinds of outlawed drugs: heroin and LSD.6.Drug abuse has become the most challenging social problem in the US.7.The large corporations maintain professional lobbyists in Washington to further their own interests.III True or False1. (T) The earliest two medical insurance programs are Blue Cross and Blue Shield.2. (F) Former President Carter said that crime is America’s “number one enemy”.3. (T)The medical bills associated with serious illness account for half of the bankruptcies in the United States each year.4. (T)The American crime statistic often overlook the white-collar.5. (F) Non-profit is the primary goal of American health-care system.IV answer the questions:Medicare and Medicaid:1.In 1965 Congress passed legislation creating two new health insurance programs—medicare and Medicaid.2.they are designed to make medical care more freely available respectively to the people over the age of sixty-five and the people with very low income.3.however, these programs have become a major cause of runaway costs in the medical system because the level of fees is set by hospitals and doctors, at the federal and state governments.4.the programs also lead to rampant medifraud.Chapter 2 American HistoryII Questions and Answers on the T ext1.Who was Christopher Columbus?He was a mariner from Italy who voyaged to North America. 2.When did Columbus set sail?In 1492.3.Where and when was the first English colony founded?At Jamestown, Virginia, in 1607.4.How did the early colonists in Virginia manage to earn money?They discovered a way to earn money by growing tobacco.5.Who established several settlements in New England?English Puritans.6.When did the Pilgrims cross the Atlantic in the ship Mayflower?In 1620.7.How many colonies had English settlers occupied by 1733?Thirteen8.In colonial time, which act ruled that special tax stamps to beattached to all newspapers?The stamp Act9.How did a group of patriots in 1773The Second Continental Congress1.After the first shot of the American War of independence wasfired at Lexington on April 19,1775, the Second Continental Congress met in Philadelphia in May 1775.2.It began to assume the functions of a national government. Itfounded a Continental Army and Navy under the command of George Washington, and began to print paper money and opened diplomatic relations with foreign powers. It adopted on July 4, 1776 the Declaration of Independence which was drafted by Thomas Jefferson.The Bill of Rights1.In order to insure individual liberties, ten amendments—the billof Rights were added to the Constitution in 17912.It guaranteed freedom of religion, a free press, free speech,the right of citizens to bear arms, protection against illegal house searches, the right to a fair trial by jury and protection against “cruel and unusual punishments”The Emancipation Proclamation1.After the Civil War began, Lincoln issued the EmancipationProclamation on January1, 1863 to win more support at home and abroad.2.It granted freedom to all slaves in areas still controlled by theConfederacy.Reconstruction1.After the Civil War, the US Congress put forward the program ofReconstruction, or reform, of the Southern states.2.The program was bitterly opposed by most Southern whites3.It ended in 1877, when new constitutions had been ratified inall southern states and all federal troops were withdrawn from the south.The Ku Klux Klan1.After the Civil War, some southern whites formed the Ku KluxKlan.2.It was a violent secret society that hoped to protect whiteinterests and advantages by terrorizing blacks and preventing them from making social advances.3.By 1872, the federal government had suppressed the Klan, butit revived several times in later history.Franklin D. Roosevelt1.A former Democrat governor of New York state, he was electedpresident in 1932.2.Within the historic “Hundred Days”, he launched the New Dealprogram to deal with the Depression3.He explained his politics to the public in a series Depression,many Americans considered him as one of the most respected presidents in American history.The Social Security Act1.As part of the New Deal program, the Social Security Act waspassed in 1935.2.It established contributory old-age and survivors’ pensions and。

(完整word版)《英美社会与文化》复习题汇总 (2)

期末复习题目汇总（答案不提供）I. Fill in the blanks.(History)1. Most people who came to the British colonies in the 1600s were ____English_________. Others came from The Netherlands, Sweden, Germany, France, Scotland, and Northern Ireland. By 1690, 250,000 people lived in the ______New World________. By 1790, there were2.5 million people.2. The first settlements were along the Atlantic coast and on rivers that flowed into the ocean. In the Northeast, trees covered the hills and stones filled the soil, but water power was available. The Northeast was called New England, and it included Massachusetts,________Connecticut_______, and _______Rhode Island______________. The economy was based on timber, fishing, shipbuilding, and trade.3. The ideas of __liberalism____________ and ________democracy_____ are the basis of the U.S. political system. As the colonists built their new society, they believed more strongly in these ideas. Britain’s 13 colonies grew in population and economic strength during the 1700s. Although ruled by a distant government, the colonists governed many local affairs.4. The American Revolution and the war for independence from Britain began with a small fight between British troops and colonists on April 19, _1775______. The British troops left __Boston________, Massachusetts, planning to take weapons and ammunition from revolutionary colonists. At ______Lexington_______, they met armed colonists who were called ______Minutemen_________ because they could be ready to fight in a minute.(holiday)5. Va lentine’s Day originated in the ____Roman_____ Era.6. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. made the famous ___I have a dream, the Nobel Peace Prize_______ speech in 1963.7. Easter is an important ___religious and social_________ festival in Christian countries.8. President Woodrow Wilson, in 1914, made the official announcement proclaiming____Mother’s Day____ as a national holiday that was to be held each year on the 2nd Sunday of May.9. __Independence Day________ is the National Day of US which is observed on July 4.10. Columbus Day celebrates ___the discovery in America_______ by Christopher Columbus on October 12, 1492.11. On__Halloween__, American children dress up in funny or scary costumes and go trick or treating by knocking on doors in their neighborhood.12. Thanksgiving Day is a federal holiday celebrated on the fourth Thursday in____November__.13. Earth Day is designed to promote _ecology__________.14. Thanksgiving celebrates the first harvest feast between the Indians and the___Pilgrims_ during t he settlers’ first year in America.(politics)15. The Congress in the United States is composed of the Houseof Representatives and the Senate; the Parliament in Britain is composed of the monarch, the House of Lords and the House of Commons .16. The Three branches of the American federal government are the legislative branch , the executive branch , and the judicial branch .17. In the United Kingdom, the Prime Minister is head of government; in the United States, the President is the head of government.18. The House of Lords in the United Kingdom consists of two very different types of members, the Lords Temporal and the Lords Spiritual . (economy)19. Two of the basic powers that government can wield in a tax foreclosure are taxation and eminent ___domain_______.20. Once the property becomes _delinquent__________, the homeowner begins to receive letters from the lender requesting payment for the mortgage.21. __Real estate owned_________ properties that revert back to the lender because of foreclosure (or deeds in lieu of foreclosure) are normally called REOs, or real estate owned properties.22. The sub-prime crisis, which has its roots in the closing years of the 20th century, became apparent in 2007 and has exposed pervasive weakness in financial industry____financial industry regulation______ and the global financial system.23. In recent months, we have taken steps to shore up the housing sector -- including measures to help struggling homeowners avoid ___foreclosure______ and keep their homes.24. Union contracts set both a wage floor and a wage ceiling. __Union contracts______ employers may not give productive workers pay raises outside those envisioned in the collectively bargained contract.25. The government should end the _interventions_______ it has made since 2008, starting with abolition of the TARP program. It then should abolish Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae and repeal all U.S. government regulatory measures that interfere with mortgage markets.26. Factor differences between Britain and U.S. resulted in Britain benefiting from its highly skilled _workforce_______, two thirds of which were employed with companies staffed with less than 250 workers.27. Unlike Britain, the U.S. had a national, homogeneous market in which large corporations profited from economies of scale and mass production.28. The 1976 agreement with the monetary fund was not only seen as a national embarrassment, it remained a symbol of a country that, under various Labor governments, effectively lost control of the economy to militant trade unions, resulting in spiraling debt and rampant work stoppages that brought down Britain.(education)29. In the United States, if some of the students want to go to school during July or August, they could enroll in ____summer__ sessions.30. Two oldest universities in Britain are _Cambridge_____ and ____Oxford__.31. The most famous public school in Britain is called _Eton (college) _____.32. In the U.S., except kindergarten, there are two other classroom situations to which little children are introduced. They are _nursery school_____ and __day-care center____.33. __American football______ is the college sport that often stirs up the most national interest in the United States.34. There are three forms of monetary assistance that college students receive. They are: ___loans___, ___scholarships___, and ___part-time jobs___.(religion)35. Freedom of religious belief or non-belief is provided in __the Bill of Rights______ in the Constitution.36. In the US, religious instruction in public schools is ___against the Constitution_____ according to a ruling by the Supreme Court.37. The two Protestant denominations, __Baptists______ and _Methodists_______ are by now regarded as wholly American.38. In the US, the largest single religious group is that of ___Roman Catholics_____. The largest Protestant group is _____Baptists___. Next to that Protestant sect is__Methodists______. A very small and select Protestant group is _Quakers_______.39. The first Catholic president is ___John F·Kennedy_____.40. In England, four-fifths of the people except the Catholics go to church. Yet____half____ of American Protestants are active church members.(national characters)41. Immigrants flooding into the United States in the 17th, 18th and much of the 19th centuries were mainly from ______northern____ and ____western Europe________.42. People who came to the New World prior to the founding of the United States are called “_early immigrants___”, while those who arrived in America before 1880 are referred to as “_old immigrants_”.43. ___Black__ people constitute the largest ethnic-racial minority group in the US today.44. That “All men are created equal” is from the document _the Declaration of Independence___.45. The cultural diversity in the US finds its best expression in the well-known term____melting pot_________.46. The British national characteristic of ____Irish national identity___________ finds its expression in the fact that many British people still prefer to have a fireplace in their living room, and still adhere to the Monarchy.(mass media)47. British National Broadcasters can be divided into two types: 1) Public Broadcasting, such as the famous _BBC_____, which was founded in 1922; and 2) Private Broadcasting, such as __ITV____, __Channel 4____, and __Channel 5____.48. British public broadcasting should serve the purpose of _entertaining_____,__informing____ and __educating____ the nation.49. The most striking characteristics of magazine development in the U.S. during the twentieth century was a trend toward ___specialization___, ___changing lifestyle___ and __shifting economic conditions____ in the decades following World War I influenced magazine development.(leisure and entertainment)50. In early America, leisure was values with_ suspicion_______ and __little value___.51. The American puritans’ extreme emphasis placed on work and the detestation of idleness were supported by _Puritan theology_____, which gave moral sanction to economic necessity.52. Contemporary Americans believe that leisure should be more than a___restorative________ for work; it should be viewed as an __important________ part of modern life and be regarded as a ___worthwhile_____ end or goal in and of itself.53. In Great Britain, Pubs usually have two separate rooms: the ___public___ bar and the ____lounge_____bar.(social problems)54. __Poverty_______ reemerged as a social program in the 1960s and was perceived as a condition that represented a glaring gap between American ___ideals_______ and___reality_______.55. Drug abuse is a social problem because it has a wide range of social costs. It is closely related with ____crime_____, __automobile__ accidents. It has serious effects on individuals ____physically_____ and ____mentally______, and the____economic_______ losses caused by drug abuse are great.56. British conservative known to the world, but British teenage __pregnancy__ rate unexpectedly is highest in the world.II. True or false statements.1. Thomas Paine, a radical political thinker, argued for independence and against hereditary monarchy in his pamphlet Common Sense.2. Thomas Jefferson was the main writer of the Declaration of Independence.3. The British soldiers were also called Roundheads.4. Thomas Jefferson was the commander-in-chief of the colonial army.5. The Declaration of Independence, adopted July 4, 1777, announced the birth of a new nation.6. Earth Day was first celebrated in 1970 in Britain.7. Many people now refer Washington's Birthday as "Presidents' Day" and consider it a day honoring all American presidents.8. The first presidential proclamation honoring fathers was issued in 1966 by President John F. Kennedy.9. Labor Day is a United States federal holiday observed on May 1st.10. Boxing Day actually has nothing to do with boxing.11. Both Britain and America have a written constitution. In Britain, there is no Bill of Rights to guarantee the individual rights of every citizen, while in America there is one.12. The General Election in Britain takes place every four to five years, while the presidential election in America takes place every four years.13. In the United States, both the president and the senators can serve at most 8-year terms.14. The Supreme Court is the highest court in the United States. It consists of nine Justices: the Chief Justice and eight Associate Justices. The Justices are nominated by the President and confirmed with the consent of the Senate.15. In the United Kingdom, implementation of the Minister's decisions is carried out by a permanent politically neutral organization known as the civil service. The independence and professional of the British civil service is a fundamental feature of the British political system.16. According to Josh Rosner, co-author of Reckless Engagement, there was a symbiotic relationship between Wall Street and the GSEs and Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac were the largest buyers of sub-prime securities the Wall Street was bundling, packaging and selling themselves.17. An abundance of cheap credit makes borrowing money easy for banks and causes them to go crazy with leverage.18. U.S. corporate tax rate, currently the second highest in the developed world, must be hiked to restore U.S. competitiveness.19. Although Britain’s domestic market was smaller, consumer demands were much less heterogeneous than in the U.S. due to cultural factors and wage inequality.20. As the lesson of Britain’s crisis in 1976 demonstrates, good intentions are not enough to offset a loss of international investor confidence.21. About half of income of British universities is provided by the State.22. The “eleven plus” is the exam taken by children in their last year at primary school.23. An American college student should maintain a low C average in order to remain in school.24. In order to attend college, a high school student in the U.S. must pass the college entrance examination.25. Since World War II, one of the most dramatic developments in U.S. higher education has been the ever-rising cost.26. Religion in America has been identified with an oppressive or dominant social class or set of political institutions.27. There are more than a hundred other Protest sects, many of them hardly known to anyone except their own members, but with a combined membership of more than twenty million. They express variety, rather than doctrinal shism.28. The largest single religious group is that of Roman Catholics, More than one-quarter of all Americans are now of the Roman Catholic faith, and the majority of these are descendants of immigrants from Germany and Scandinavia.29. It is probably safe to say that the Orthodox Church members are more outside the main stream of American social and religious life, or less assimilated, than members of other religious bodies.30. It is still considered unlikely that a Jew could be elected as President of the United States, because of the strong built-in prejudices of the Protest majority.31. Black people constitute the largest ethnic racial minority group in the U.S. today.32. The frontier experience shaped, to a large extent, the American National character.33. Phrases like “from rags to riches” clearly demonstrate the American belief in the myth of American Dream.34. The sentence “an Englishman’s home is his castle” suggests that conservatism is a part of the British national character.35. The British geographic separation from the European continent helped shape the British sense of aloofness from strangers.36. In Britain, the greater part of most people’s leisure time is spent in the home.37. As for British people, the working class considers the home as a private place while the middle class regards it as a social zone.38. People who play Bingo consider themselves to be gamblers.39. Many Americans prefer leisure activities that require a high level of physical exertion.40. As for American people, the effects of pre-industrial Puritanism are still rather profound in the contemporary society.41. New figures show the number of children and teenagers taken to hospital after drinking alcohol has gone up by nearly a third.42. Within the field of criminology, white-collar crime has been defined as “a crime committed by a person of respectability and high social status in the course of his occupation.”43. Poverty in the United States does not simply mean that the poor do not live quite as well as other citizens. Poverty can also mean low self-esteem, despair, and stunting of human potential.44. Britain has the lowest divorce rate and smallest proportion of lone parents in Europe.45. A survey reported by OECD says that the health of British teenagers ranks the last one among all the OECD member countries, because of smoking, drinking and teenager pregnancy.III. Short-answer questions.1. What do you know about the Declaration of Independence?2. What are the distinctive features of middle colonies of the 13 colonies?3. What are the distinctive features of the Southern colonies of the 13 colonies?4. Can you briefly introduce the traditions of Thanksgiving Day?5. What does Easter celebrate and how do people celebrate it?6. Can you list four basic principles that the American Constitution of 1789 is built on?7. What are the two dominant political parties in the United States and the three dominant political parties in the United Kingdom?8. What are the causes of the sub-prime (mortgage) crisis in the U.S.?9. What solutions are needed to restore the U.S. to a free economy?10. What is the greatest argument about public schools in Britain?11. Why are day-care centers in large demand in the U.S.?12. Many Americans are religious without concerning themselves doctrine. Use what you have learned to illustrate this point.13. What is the major difference in religious observance between Americans on the one hand, and the English and the Swedish on the other? How do you account for the difference?14. Why are there so many free choices in religion for Americans? Why is there no fierce religious struggle in the US as it often happens in Europe?15. Briefly explain “mobility” as one of the American national characteristics.16. What is the “American Dream”?17. What are the differ ences between “a bowl of salad” and “a melting pot” as metaphors of the American society?18. Give some examples of Quality Newspapers (at least 4) and Popular Newspapers (at least 5) in Britain.19. What are the three distinct types of magazines that evolved in the civil war period?20. Please list some differences between Tabloid readers and Quality paper readers?21. American people in the pre-industrial and post-industrial eras have placed different focuses on work. Please briefly illustrate them.22. G enerally speaking, how do British people see “work” and “leisure”?23. What is the fundamental cause of poverty in affluent America?24. What does poverty mean in the United States?IV. Writing1. Due Attention Should Be Given To the Study of Chinesea. 近年来在学生中出现了忽视中文的现象b. 出现这种现象的原因和后果c. 为了改变这种状况，我认为……2. Pros and Cons of Celebrating Western Holidays in China3. In recent years, a growing number of food safety scandals have been exposed to the public in China. Cases include steamed buns that had been dyed with unidentified chemicals (dyeing steamed buns染色馒头), the use of “lean meat powder” （瘦肉精）and poor quality recycled cooking oil known as “gutter oil”（地沟油）, etc. In your opinion, what measures should the government take to deal with the food safety problems in China?4. Pros and Cons of Buying a House5. Pros and Cons of University Ranking6. How To Improve Student's Mental Health?a. 大学生的心理健康十分重要b. 因此，学校可以……c. 我们自己应当……7. Write a passage on the comparative analysis of the American and the Chinese national character.8. The Function of Mass Media9. Why Are There So Many Rural Laborers in Big Cities?a. 近年来越来越多的民工涌入大城市b. 产生这一社会现象的原因c. 我对这一现象的看法10. Write a paper in which you argue for or against the comments below.Statistics show that newly licensed teenage boys cause a higher number of serious automobile accidents than any other group. It is evident that many young men are too reckless and impulsive to be good drivers. In order to protect the larger society, the age at which a boy can earn his license should be raised to eighteen.。

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