丧钟为谁而鸣的开题报告

华北科技学院外语系毕业论文开题报告论文题目：An Analysis of the Redemptive Thoughtsin For Whom the Bell Toll学生姓名：杨海英学号： 201008012232 专业：英语班级： ZB10-2指导教师：侯丽枚职称：讲师2012年 4 月 2 日2012 届本科毕业设计（论文）开题报告1．选题背景和研究意义During the social transformation, people values and beliefs are bound to change. As far as the present social reality is concerned, values and beliefs are functioning in their own way in social development, for which there is inherent possibility as well as the reality to make the possibility come true. Therefore, constructing new value and belief are absolutely necessary to social transformation and social stability.For Whom the Bell Tolls reflects the development of Hemingway’s value and beliefs about Spanish civil war and the change of his society. As a matter of fact, in the civil war, for Spanish people，the traditional Catholic Church has lost its redemptive function, they are experiencing faithful crisis, their human nature begin to degenerate. In Hemingway’s view only through combing the Christi an spirit with their experience can a new human’s religion be created,, only through creating a human’s religion can people be saved. Jordan’s task is to save the people out of the faithful crisis, and then help them achieve the real redemption. So how to achieve the redemption, which becomes an important theme of this novel, this thesis will research the novel For Whom the Bell Tolls from the redemptive thoughts in the religion.This thesis just conforms with the tendency of the development of the society, this novel tells us that the mark of progress of the society must have the belief to change, only with having this tool, the society can get the real, meaningful progress in the long river of the development of society.2．论文的主要内容和提纲The main idea of my thesis is to make the people have a clear understanding of “Redemptive Thoughts”in For Whom the Bell Toll.The origin and development of the Redemptive Thoughts is the process of the people salvation in the spanish war. The embodiment of the Redemptive Thoughts is love between the Jordan and Maria ,the destruction od the bridge and the death of the old man in the novel ,which shows they want to resume the relation between man and man , man and nature.Only having the Redemptive Thoughts，the people is able to transform Catholic faith into the integrated human religion ,then they can realize the real redemptio n.The construct of my thesis is as follows:1. Introduction1.1 The Background of the Author Earnest Hemingway.1.2 The General Comment of For Whom the Bell Tolls.1.3 The Brief Introduction of For Whom the Bell Tolls.2.The Origin and Development of the Redemptive Thoughts.2.1 The Origin of the Redemptive Thoughts.2.2The Development of Redemptive Thoughts.2.3 The Redemptive Thoughts Applied in the Literary Work.3.The Redemptive Thoughts in the Novel.3.1 The Destruction of Bridge.3.2 The Love between Jordan and Maria.3.3 The Death of the Old Man.4. Conclusion.3．论文的重点和难点The aim of this thesis is to analyze the crisis of belief of the people, the difficulty of this thesis is to how to find the right way about the redemption.4.主要参考文献[1]Auturo Barea. Not Spain but Hemingway [A]. Hemingway and His Critics[C]. Clinton：The Colonial Press Inc .,1961.[2]Baker, Carlos. Ernest Hemingway：Selected Letters 1917-1961[C]. New Y ork : Charles Scribner's Sons, 1981.[3]Baker, Carlos. Hemingway: The Writer as Artist[M].New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1972.[4]Baker, Carlos: The Spanish Tragedy[A]. Ernest Hemingway：Gritiques of Four Major Novel[C]. New Y ork :Charles Scriber's Sons, 1962.[5]Hemingway ,Ernest. The Sun Also Rises [M]. New Y ork：Charles Scriber's Sons ,1954.[6]Hemingway, Ernest. For Whom the Bell Tolls [M]. New Y ork: Charles Scriber's Son, 1940.[7]Hemingway, Ernest. Hemingway's preface to Great Grusade[C]. New Y ork: Longmans & Co, 1940.[8]H. R. Stoneback .The Priest Did Not Answer: Hemingway, the Church, the Party, and For Whom the Bell Tolls [A]. Blowing the Bridge: Essays on Hemingway and For Whom the Bell Tolls[c] New Y ork：Greenwood Press, 1992.[9]Josephs, Allen. For Whom the Bell Tolls: Ernest Hemingway's Undiscovered Country[M]. New Y ork : Twayne Publishers, 1994.[10]Lynn, Kenneth S. Hemingway[M]. New Y ork：Haskell House,1973.[11] 海明威. 丧钟为谁而鸣[M]. 上海：上海译文出版社，1999.[12] 奥特 H. 不可言说的言说[M]. 北京:三联出版社，1996.[13] 杰弗里·迈耶斯. 海明威传[M]. 北京: 中国卓越出版公司，1990.[14] 佩尔斯. 激进的理想和美国之梦: 大萧条岁月中的文化和社会理想[M].上海：上海外语教育出版社，1992.[15] 塞万提斯. 堂吉诃德[M] . 北京: 人民名文学出版社, 1995.[16] 约翰·希克. 上帝道成肉身的隐喻[M].南京：江苏人民出版社，20005.进度安排1.November, 2011－January, 2012 Choosing the topic2.January, 2012－March, 2012 Writing the literature review and the thesis proposal3.Early April, 2012 Oral defense of thesis proposal4.April, 2012－Early May, 2012 Writing the first draft5.May, 2012－Mid-June, 2012 Revising and finishing the final draft6.Mid-May, 2012 Evaluating the process of the work7.Mid-June, 2012 Making preparations for the thesis defense6.指导教师审查意见指导教师签名：年月日7.答辩小组意见答辩小组组长签名：年月日8.系毕业论文工作领导小组审查意见毕业业论文工作领导小组组长签名：年月日英语专业毕业论文文献资料目录及综述表学生姓名杨海英学号20008012232 专业英语ZB-02文献综述完成时间2012 年 4 月文献综述题目关于An Analysis on the Redemptive Thoughts in For Whom the BellTolls ”的文献综述引用文献情况：中文7篇英文10篇其它语种0 篇其中期刊0 种，专著11 本，其他8 种（本）文献时间跨度1917 年～2000 年文献资料目录（不少于15篇）Bibliography[1]Auturo Barea. Not Spain but Hemingway [A]. Hemingway and His Critics[C]. Clinton：The Colonial Press Inc .,1961.[2]Baker, Carlos. Ernest Hemingway：Selected Letters 1917-1961[C]. New Y ork : Charles Scribner's Sons, 1981.[3]Baker, Carlos. Hemingway: The Writer as Artist[M].New Jersey: Prince ton University Press, 1972.[4]Baker, Carlos: The Spanish Tragedy[A]. Ernest Hemingway：Gritiques of Four Major Novel [C]. New Y ork :Charles Scriber's Sons, 1962.[5]Hemingway ,Ernest. The Sun Also Rises [M]. New Y ork：Charles Scriber's Sons ,1954.[6]Hemingway, Ernest. For Whom the Bell Tolls [M]. New Y ork: Charles Scriber's Son, 1940.[7]Hemingway, Ernest. Hemingway's preface to Great Grusade[C]. New Y ork: Longmans & Co, 1940.[8]H. R. Stoneback .The Priest Did Not Answer: Hemingway, the Church, the Party, and For Whom the Bell Tolls [A]. Blowing the Bridge: Essays on Hemingway and For Whom the Bell Tolls[c] New Y ork：Greenwood Press, 1992.[9]Josephs, Allen. For Whom the Bell Tolls: Ernest Hemingway's Undiscovered Country[M]. New Y ork : Twayne Publishers, 1994.[10]Lynn, Kenneth S. Hemingway[M]. New Y ork：Haskell House,1973.[11] 海明威. 丧钟为谁而鸣[M]. 上海：上海译文出版社，1999.[12] 奥特 H. 不可言说的言说[M]. 北京:三联出版社，1996.[13] 杰弗里·迈耶斯. 海明威传[M]. 北京: 中国卓越出版公司，1990.[14] 佩尔斯. 激进的理想和美国之梦: 大萧条岁月中的文化和社会理想[M].上海：上海外语教育出版社，1992.[15] 塞万提斯. 堂吉诃德[M] . 北京: 人民名文学出版社, 1995.[16] 约翰·希克. 上帝道成肉身的隐喻[M].南京：江苏人民出版社，2000文献综述（2000字以上）Earnest Hemingway, who is one of the best-known American novelists and short story writer of 20th century, and his masterpiece the Old Man and the Sea has been appreciated by the people all over the world. It helped him win the Pulitzer Prize in 1953; in 1954 he was awarded the Nobel Prize for his powerful style-forming mastery of the art of narration. As a novelist he writes on broad social themes. The novel: For Whom the Bell Tolls, which is about the Spanish civil war, and it examines the faithful crisis of the Spanish people, the author aims to call on the people how to save themselves and come to the real redemption.As soon as the novel was published it drew the attention of the people, and became the best seller next to gone with the wind. In this work, Hemingway plays his unique narrative art with the meticulous action description and rich and colorful dialogue, closely around the Robert Jordan's action. This story exactly inserts a large section of the heart monologue and memories, making this hero image very plentiful.There are many researchers and theories on Hemingway and his works. Baker Carlos and Allen Josephs are the most important ones. They wrote many books about Earnest Hemingway. Such as: Hemingway: The writer as Artist,Ernest Hemingway's undiscovered country Twayne's masterwork studies in the book, Baker thinks that the novel:For Whom the Bell Tolls, which is not only about the civil war, but also about the morality of the people. Another book, For Whom the Bell Tolls: Earnest Hemingway Undiscovered country, in this book Josephs Allen thinks that the novel is about the Spanish civil war, slaughter is super-real, but it is really the fact. "The Undiscovered Country" was the title thatHemingway had previously chosen for For Whom the Bell Tolls, and Josephs reaches into the heart of the novel to reveal its meaning - as Spain overshadowed by war, as the unknown outcome of the explosion toward which all the action builds, as the unfulfilled future for the lovers Robert Jordan and Maria, and as death, present at every turn of the tale. Most important, Josephs illuminates the enduring message of For Whom the Bell Tolls: that the bloody conflict in Spain, as Hemingway knew from the beginning of the war, was but one example of the global struggle between Right and Left. Robert Jordan, he shows us, knows that the bridge is very important, it represent the spirit of the people in the spain, It shows the tragedy of the Spanish civil war.In 1937 Ernest Hemingway had a journey for Spain to in order to server for North American Newspaper Alliance. Three years later he completed the greatest novel to emerge from "the good fight", Hemingway has a larger achievement than in The Sun Also Rises and A Farewell to Arms which manifests rare and beautiful, strong and brutal, compassionate, moving and wise. "If the function of a writer is to reveal reality," Maxwell Perkins wrote to Hemingway after reading the manuscript, "No one ever so completely performed it." Greater in power, broader in scope, and more intensely emotional than any of the author's previous works, it stands as one of the best war novels of all time.For whom the bell tolls is Hemingway's a controversial works, it is not a perfect novel, but it has a beautiful style, profound connotation, And it is a valuable works. This work reproduces the vivid images of the Spanish civil war for us. In this work it extols the power of love and discusses about theme of "Life eternal value”.the most important is that the novel is excellent work and the theme of it is opposing the war the after "the sun Also rises ", "a farewell to arms" . In contrast, the "the sun also rises," it shows confused feeling after the war: "a farewell to arms" criticize and abhor the war; For whom the bell tolls is the censure of trampling human nature caused by the war. The human nature of two parties is trampled by the war and embody that he has deep understanding of this dispute. The ultimate destruction of the war is not only the Homes and life, the more important is that human nature is trampled by the war.For whom the bell Tolls, is boom in the development of thought about Hemingwayand a new milestone of his outlook on life and art exploration, is the eulogy of the republican activities. It sings praise of democracy and condemns the bad behavior of the Fascist. He use the way of serious reality, the method of concise gimmick narration and the exciting description in emotion, leaving a glorious literary references chapter for he high-profile war. He moan just as he has written the last page of the novel," I express the good emotions for 18 years, not the Spanish civil war in the book. It is like a beautiful myth, encouraging power in romantic atmosphere and the pursuit of happiness and love and aliveness.We would rather say that Hemingway's works expose the fears of a war and give the hint of the cruel life than encourage people to persist the belief and not to give up ,making the progress in the unsteady world .This uneven spirit is unusual that they sacrifice personal live and love fighting for human freedom and liberation. it is admirable that Hemingway has a high spirit as a capitalist .Just as the researcher named Gangrening said " Hemingway Is like the Shakespeare ,and they belong to the world. He give the eternal influence on the spirit of the reader "In For Whom the Bell Tolls, it is full of faith, loyalty, persistence and love．It mirrors the change in Hemingw ay’s idea of guiding literary creation．From acting against the War passively to fighting the War positively, the essential reason why Hemingway’s thought developed is the change of the nature of the War.For Whom the Bell Tolls explores themes of wartime individuality and the value of the human life．Hemingway’s life and works have profound influences on modern American values ,fostering a generation who take sufferings as joys, For Whom the Bell Tolls is the climax of Hemingway’s thoughts．It is a new landmark in his outlook on life and artistic ambitions．In this novel, Hemingway commends the dedicated republican soldier and condemns the Fascism．He loves the life，because life—tough it is sometimes ugly and painful--is beautiful, full of endless delight a nd the source of happiness. Maria, Jordan’s love and hope，is still alive．She is the sunshine going through the darkness．Though Jordan is dead，his love and hope is on．His sacrifice shocks others，and more valuable spirit is left to human beings．The heroism reaches its peak which is called the revolutionary heroism inHemingway’s novels．Despite being told in the third person much of `For Whom The Bell Tolls' is based on thoughts, observations, flashbacks and experiences of main protagonist Robert Jordan together with philosophical commentaries from other characters, including `the good, the bad and the ugly'. Hemingway employs the archaic `thou' and `thee' during dialogues to accentuate the peasant Spanish tongue, and though this includes foul-mouthing he substitutes such words as `unprintable' or `obscenity'. This makes for a rather strained read but it allows for fleshing out characters and it emphasizes relationships.The study of Hemingway in China started in 1940s. Because of different reasons the study often broke off, but owing to the great effort of the experts and scholars, until 80s the study have drawn the attention of the world people .Nearly every year there are great research fruit come out. The earliest researcher in China is Feng Yidai, who is very famous interpreter and writer, and the most important researcher is Y ang Renjing, who writes: Hemingway in China,this book describes his life experience and has become an important bibliography for the people who expert on Hemingway. Another one is Dong Hengzhuan, in his book: the expert on Hemingway has become a systematical expert on Hemingway life, outlook and his concept.In one world, the study on Hemingway has got a big success, I think there are still a few shortcomings in it, people think Hemingway is a negative writer because he experienced nihilism, so in his literary creation the typical situations are usually characterized by chaos and brutality and violence and sport and drinking and sexual promiscuity. But I do not think so. because just like many great writers .Hemingway had showed a familiarity with the Bible when he was very young which affected him so much, so in his later creation he add more religion color to it. He began to turn to search for the true value and meaning of life, looking for the best way to save the lost souls, and founding out the final spiritual arrangement of thousands of unfortunate lives through his literary creation. For Whom the Bell Tolls is the typical example.My thesis will analyze novel from a new religion angle: the redemptive thought. Because the Bible is the official scripture of Judaism and Christianity. And o the value of theBible is a significant classical literary work, and has been acknowledged as a treasure in the field of world literature,growing up in the strong Christian cultural atmosphere; he was affected by the Christianity and the Christian culture inevitably. Due to all kinds of reasons Hemingway religions feeling seems very complicated and contradictory after he become an adult, but it can not be denied that his thoughts and literary creation are affected deeply by the Christianity, this kind of influence has gone into the deep layer of Hemingway thought, I am very interest in the Bible just like Earnest Hemingway. So as a graduate my thesis will analyze the novel from a new religion angle: the Redemptive Thoughts in For Whom the Bell Tolls.。