一般过去式与现在完成时的区别

1、一般过去时

与

现在完成时

的区别

2、一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；

•现在完成时强调过去的事情对现在的影响或结果。

3、

•例如：We are good friends(现在情况)

•我们是好朋友。

•I got to know him in 2005. (过去的动作)

•我在2005年认识（结识）他

•We have known each other since 2005. (现在完成时把过去的动作和现在联系起来并着眼于现在)

•自从2005年来我们就相互认识

•4、Linda has a big house. (现在情况)

•She bought the house ten years ago. (过去的动作)

•She has owned the house for ten years.

•She has lived in the house for ten years. (现在完成时把过去的动作和现在联系起来并着眼于现在)

•5、2. 一般过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。

•一般过去时的时间状语：yesterday， last week，…ago， in1980， in October，just now等，皆为具体的时间状语。

•6、现在完成时的时间状语：for， since， so far， ever， never， just， yet，till/until， up to now， in past years， always等，皆不确定或模糊的时间状语。

•共同的时间状语：this morning， tonight， this November， now， already，recently， lately 等。

•7、3. 现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态，动词一般是延续性的，如live，teach， learn， work， study， know.。

•一般过去时常用的非持续性动词有come， go， leave， start， die， finish，become， get married等。

8、

•I saw this film yesterday. （强调看的动作发生过了）

•I have seen this film. （强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了）

•I got up five hours ago.

•I have been up for five hours. (强调结果）

•Why did you get up so early（强调起床的动作已发生过了）

•9、Who hasn‘t handed in his paper

•(强调有卷子未交，疑为不公平竞争)

•He has been in the League for three years. （在团内的状态可延续）

•He has been a League member for three years. （是团员的状态可持续）

•10、Who hasn‘t handed in his paper

•(强调有卷子未交，疑为不公平竞争)

•He has been in the League for three years. （在团内的状态可延续）

•He has been a League member for three years. （是团员的状态可持续）

•11、for和since的运用

•for表“经历(一段时间)”，而since表“自从……?以来”。

•例如：

• 1. He?has?stayed?here?for?3?hours.

• 2. He?has?stayed?here?since?3?hours?ago.

• 3. He?has?stayed?here?since?3?o’clock.

•?has?taught?English?since?he?came?here.

12、Fill in the blanks with “for” or “since”:

1.We have had the new computer _______ a week.

2.How long have you studied English

I have studied English _______ I was five.

3. How long has he taught in this school

He has taught in this school ______ 1998.

4. How long have you known each other

We have known each other ______ over ten years.

5. How long have you kept your pet dog

I have kept it ______ two years ago.

I have kept it ______ two years.

•13、They got married six months _____.

•They has been married _______ six months.

•They have been married _____ 6 months ____.

•I first met Susan two years _____.

•I have known Susan _____ two years.

•I have known Susan ______ two years ago.

•Sue is in the office. She’s been there _____ three hours.

•Sue came to the office three hours _____.

•Sue has been in the office _____ 3 hours ____.

•14、James has been in Canada ______ Monday.

•James has been in Canada ______ four days.

•James came to Canada four days _____.

•My aunt has lived in Brazil _____ 15 years.

•My aunt moved to Brazil 15 years _____.

•She has lived in Brazil ______ 15 years ______.

•Mike has been in hospital _______ October.

•Mike has been in hospital ______ two months

•Mike came to the hospital two months ______

•He has been in hospital ______ two months ___

•15、already和yet 的区别

•already常用于肯定句中或句末；yet常用于一般疑问句或否定句末。但表惊讶时already也可用于疑问句。例如：

•?has?already?finished?his?home-work.

• 2.?Tom?hasn’t?finished?his?homework yet.