材料概论复习重点学习资料

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材料概论复习重点

复合材料:composite materials

连锁反应:H- reaction

体心立方堆积:body-centered cubic

面心立方堆积:face-centered cubic

六方最密堆积:hexagonal close-packed

晶体结构:crystal structure

无机非金属材料:inorganic nonmental materials 陶瓷材料:ceramic materials

传统陶瓷:traditional materials

先进玻璃:advanced glass

水泥:cement

高分子材料:polymer materials

分类:sort

金属键:mental bond

材料的分类:classification of material

成分:composition

化学键:chemical bond

合成:censisis

晶格:crystal lettice

简单立方晶格:simple cubic lettice

原子键:atomic bond

共价键:covalent bond

铝:aluminium

水泥的水化:hydration of cement

铜:cooper

银:silver

金:gold

镁:magnesium

钛:titanium

磷:phosphorus

钾:potassium

铅:lead

铁基材料:ferrous materials

有机非金属:plassitic

白口铁:

灰口铁:

合金:

二、简答:

1.What is cement materials?

The materials which can bind the other particle or fibre matters by physical or chemical effect to hard mass are called cement.

2.what is inorganic nonmetal materials?

Inorganic nonmental materials are made up of inorganic compounds which include only nonmetal elements (not include C-H-O chain) or metal and nonmental elements.

3.What are the characteristic of materials?

①.have certain compositions

②Can be processed

③With certain shape and color

4. Please classify the polymer materials.

The polymer materials can be classified by many ways :firstly,they can be sorted by source and second, they can be sorted by the type of chain, and thirdly,they can be sorted by the their properties.The main class methods are listed below:

Source: Nature polymer Semi-nature polymer Man made polymer

Chain:Carbon chain Mixed chain Element organic

5.what are decisice factor of materials properties?

Atonic structure Nature of chemical bond Atonic ordering Microstructure

6.To sort materials

Class by source:Nature material and man-made material.

Class by physic and chemical function : Inorganic nonmetal materials ,metal materials ,polymer materials and composite materials

Class by using function:structure and function

Class by purpose:electric ,biologic medical materials

Other class:new and old materials

7.Ceramic processing

The raw materials have to go through a milling or grinding operation in which particle size is reduce

And then ,the powders must be thoroughly mixed with water and perhaps other ingredients to give flow characteristics that are compatible with the particular forming technique

The formed pice must go through drying and fining operations

After fining,the pice will undergo some postfiring operation :grinding and glazing

At last,a ceramic production will be obtained and shipped to the customers

8.Portland cement

Portland cement is made of by heating a mixture od limestone and clay ,or other materials of similar bulk composition and sufficient reactivity ,ultimately to a temperature of about 1450℃。Partial fusion occurs,and noclules clinker are produced The clinker is mixed with a few percent of gypsum and finely ground.to make cement.

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