四六级翻译中国文化词汇 (1)

中国文化词汇

一、中国古代四大发明(The Four Great Inventions of Ancient China)

1、火药gunpowder

2、印刷术printing

3、造纸术paper-making

4、指南针compass

二、中国古代哲学家(Ancient Chinese Philosophers)

1、孔子Confucius

2、孟子Mencius

3、老子Lao Tzu

4、庄子Chuang Tzu

5、墨子Mo Tzu

6、孙子Sun Tzu

三、文房四宝(The Four Treasures of the Study)

1、笔writing brush

2、墨ink stick

3、纸paper

4、砚ink stone

四、书法五大字体(The Five Major Styles of Chinese Calligraphy)

1、篆书seal script; seal character

2、隶书official script; clerical script

3、行书running script; semi-cursive script

4、草书cursive script

5、楷书regular script; standard script

五、六艺(The Six Classical Arts)

1、礼rites

2、乐music

3、射archery

4、御riding

5、书writing

6、数arithmetic

六、汉字(Chinese Characters)

1、汉字笔画stroke

2、偏旁部首radical

3、书写体系writing system

4、汉藏语系Sino-Tibetan

5、汉学家Sinologist; Sinologue

6、中国热Sinomania

7、同宗同源of the same origin

8、华夏祖先the Chinese Characters

9、单音节single syllable

10、声调tone

七、武术(The Martial Arts)

1、中国功夫kung fu

2、武术门派schools of martial arts

3、习武健身practise martial arts for fitness

4、古代格斗术ancient form of combat

5、中国武术协会Chinese Martial Art Association

6、武林高手top martial artist

7、气功Qigong; deep breathing exercises

8、柔道judo

9、空手道karate

10、跆拳道tae kwon do

11、拳击boxing

12、摔跤wrestling

13、击剑fencing

14、武侠小说tales of roving knights; kung fu novels

八、中国文学作品(Chinese Literary Works)

1、《大学》The Great Learning

2、《中庸》The Doctrine of the Mean

3、《论语》The Analects of Confucius

4、《孟子》The Mencius

5、《诗经》The Book of Songs

6、《尚书》The Book of History

7、《礼记》The Book of Rites

8、《易经》The Book of Changes

9、《春秋》The Spring and Autumn Annals

10、《三字经》Three-Character Scripture; Three-Word Chant

11、《百家姓》The Book of Family Names

12、《千字文》Thousand-Character Classic

13、《三国演义》Three Kingdoms

14、《西游记》Journey to the West

15、《红楼梦》Dream of the Red Mansions

16、《水浒传》Heroes of the Marshes; Tales of the Water Margin

17、《史记》Historical Records

18、《资治通鉴》History as a Mirror; Comprehensive History Retold as a Mirror for Rulers

19、《孙子兵法》The Art of War

20、《山海经》the Classic of Mountains and Rivers

21、《西厢记》the Romance of West Chamber

22、《聊斋志异》Strange Tales of a Lonely Studio

23、八股文Eight-Part essay; stereotyped writing

24、五言绝句five-character quatrain

25、七言律诗seven-character octave

九、中国建筑(Chinese Architecture)

1、四合院quadrangle

2、蒙古包(Mongolian) yurt

3、碑文inscriptions on a tablet

4、碑林the forest of steles

5、道观Taoist temple

6、殿hall

7、烽火台beacon tower

8、鼓楼drum tower

9、华表ornamental column

十、传统节日(Traditional Festivals)

1、春节The Spring Festival

拜年pay a New Year visit

爆竹fire cracker

除夕Eve of Chinese New Year

春联Spring Couplets