2013中考英语语法第1讲--句子结构
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• e.g. He often reads English in the morning.
• Tom and Mike are American boys.
• She likes drawing and often draws pictures for the wall newspapers.
• 我们可以给句子的动词加上副词修饰， 给名词加上形容词、介词短语修饰，给 句子加上状语进行修饰等，以使整个句 子的意思变得更加的丰富和充实。但不 管如何变，都只有一个主谓结构。
句型 主句+连词+从句；或连词+从句+主句 • e.g. The foreign visitors took a lot of
pictures when they were at the Great Wall.
• 复合句就是含有两个或两个以上主谓结 构的句子。这种结构中，必定有一个主 谓结构是句子的主句部分，而另一个主 谓结构则是句子的次要部分，即从句部 分。
• 3. We often study Chinese history on
Friday afternoon. 简单句
• 4. The boy who offered me his seat is
called Tom.
复合句
• 5. There is a chair in this room, isn’t
• 1.Having finished his homework, the boy went on to help his mother.
(简单句划线部分在句中作状语，修饰 整个句子)
• 2. What he says doesn’t suit what he does.
(复合句包含两个名词性从句：What he says 是一个主语从句；what he does 是一 个宾语从句)
• As is known to all, China is getting more and more powerful. (As 引导一个定语从 句)
• Where there is a will, there is a way. (Where引导一个表地点的状语从句)
Exercises 判断句型
并列句的分类
• 1、表示连接两个同等概念，常用and, not only…but also…, neither…nor…, then等连接。
• e.g. The teacher’s name is Smith, and the student’s name is John.
• 2、表示选择，常用的连词有or, either…or…, otherwise等。 e.g. Hurry up, or you’ll miss the train.
• He worked hard all his life. (划线部分在 句中作状语，修饰动词worked)
• He is a school student in No. 1 Middle School. (划线部分在句中作定语，修饰名 词student)
• 2) 并列句： • 句型：简单句+并列连词+简单句
• 主语：一个句子所叙述的主体。
句子中的第一个名词或代词.
句子结构
主+系+表
主+不及物动词
主+谓+宾
主+及物动词+宾语
主+及物动词+间宾+直宾
主+及物动词+宾语+宾补
句子种类
按句子的用途分 按句子的结构分
陈述句
简单句
疑问句
并列句
祈使句
复合句
感叹句
• 1）简单句：只有一个主语（或 并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列 谓语）。
• 3、表示转折，常用的连词有but, still, yet, while, when等。
• e.g. He was a little man with thick glasses, but he had a strange way of making his classes lively and interesting.
there?
简单句
6. He is in Class One and I am in Class
Two.
并列句
7. He was fond of drawing when he was
yet a child.
复合句
8. My brother and I go to school at half past seven in the morning and come
• 并列句是由两个或两个以上的简单句 连接而成。并列句中的各简单句意义 同等重要，相互之间没有从属关系， 是平行并列的关系。它们之间用连词 连结。
• e.g. You help him and he helps you.
• The future is bright; the road is tortuous.
• 4、表示因果关系，常用的连词有so, for, 等。
• e.g. August is the time of the year for rive harvest, so every day I work from dawn until dark.
3）复合句：含有一个或一个以上从句的 句子。
从句包括名词性从句（主语从句、宾语 从 句、表语从句和同位语从句） 定语从句和状语从句等。
句子
句子 句子 句子 成分 结构 种类
句子成分 主语:行为主体，句子描述的主体 谓语: 主语发出的动作 宾语: 动作的承受者
表语:表示主语“是什么”“怎么样” 状语:时间、地点、原因等 定语:用来修饰名词、代词
句子成分
主语：You beat him. 谓语: You beat him. 宾语: You beat him. 表语:He is bad./He is a boy. 状语:You beat him at home. 定语:You beat the bad boy.
back home at se简ven单in句the evening.
9. Neither has he changed his mind, nor
will百度文库he do so.
并列句
10. What he said at the meeting is very
• Tom and Mike are American boys.
• She likes drawing and often draws pictures for the wall newspapers.
• 我们可以给句子的动词加上副词修饰， 给名词加上形容词、介词短语修饰，给 句子加上状语进行修饰等，以使整个句 子的意思变得更加的丰富和充实。但不 管如何变，都只有一个主谓结构。
句型 主句+连词+从句；或连词+从句+主句 • e.g. The foreign visitors took a lot of
pictures when they were at the Great Wall.
• 复合句就是含有两个或两个以上主谓结 构的句子。这种结构中，必定有一个主 谓结构是句子的主句部分，而另一个主 谓结构则是句子的次要部分，即从句部 分。
• 3. We often study Chinese history on
Friday afternoon. 简单句
• 4. The boy who offered me his seat is
called Tom.
复合句
• 5. There is a chair in this room, isn’t
• 1.Having finished his homework, the boy went on to help his mother.
(简单句划线部分在句中作状语，修饰 整个句子)
• 2. What he says doesn’t suit what he does.
(复合句包含两个名词性从句：What he says 是一个主语从句；what he does 是一 个宾语从句)
• As is known to all, China is getting more and more powerful. (As 引导一个定语从 句)
• Where there is a will, there is a way. (Where引导一个表地点的状语从句)
Exercises 判断句型
并列句的分类
• 1、表示连接两个同等概念，常用and, not only…but also…, neither…nor…, then等连接。
• e.g. The teacher’s name is Smith, and the student’s name is John.
• 2、表示选择，常用的连词有or, either…or…, otherwise等。 e.g. Hurry up, or you’ll miss the train.
• He worked hard all his life. (划线部分在 句中作状语，修饰动词worked)
• He is a school student in No. 1 Middle School. (划线部分在句中作定语，修饰名 词student)
• 2) 并列句： • 句型：简单句+并列连词+简单句
• 主语：一个句子所叙述的主体。
句子中的第一个名词或代词.
句子结构
主+系+表
主+不及物动词
主+谓+宾
主+及物动词+宾语
主+及物动词+间宾+直宾
主+及物动词+宾语+宾补
句子种类
按句子的用途分 按句子的结构分
陈述句
简单句
疑问句
并列句
祈使句
复合句
感叹句
• 1）简单句：只有一个主语（或 并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列 谓语）。
• 3、表示转折，常用的连词有but, still, yet, while, when等。
• e.g. He was a little man with thick glasses, but he had a strange way of making his classes lively and interesting.
there?
简单句
6. He is in Class One and I am in Class
Two.
并列句
7. He was fond of drawing when he was
yet a child.
复合句
8. My brother and I go to school at half past seven in the morning and come
• 并列句是由两个或两个以上的简单句 连接而成。并列句中的各简单句意义 同等重要，相互之间没有从属关系， 是平行并列的关系。它们之间用连词 连结。
• e.g. You help him and he helps you.
• The future is bright; the road is tortuous.
• 4、表示因果关系，常用的连词有so, for, 等。
• e.g. August is the time of the year for rive harvest, so every day I work from dawn until dark.
3）复合句：含有一个或一个以上从句的 句子。
从句包括名词性从句（主语从句、宾语 从 句、表语从句和同位语从句） 定语从句和状语从句等。
句子
句子 句子 句子 成分 结构 种类
句子成分 主语:行为主体，句子描述的主体 谓语: 主语发出的动作 宾语: 动作的承受者
表语:表示主语“是什么”“怎么样” 状语:时间、地点、原因等 定语:用来修饰名词、代词
句子成分
主语：You beat him. 谓语: You beat him. 宾语: You beat him. 表语:He is bad./He is a boy. 状语:You beat him at home. 定语:You beat the bad boy.
back home at se简ven单in句the evening.
9. Neither has he changed his mind, nor
will百度文库he do so.
并列句
10. What he said at the meeting is very