2016年6月大学英语六级考试听力试题
2016年6月英语六级真题(全三套+详细答案)
2016年6月英语六级真题第一套Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the use of robots. Try to imagine what will happen when more and more robots take the place of human beings in industry as well as people's daily lives. You are requried to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1. A)Project organizerB)Public relations officer.C)Marketing manager.D)Market research consultant.2.A)Quantitative advertising research.B)Questionnaire design.C)Research methodology.D)Interviewer training.3.A)They are intensive studies of people’s spending habits.B)They examine relations between producers and customers.C)They look for new and effective ways to promote products.D)They study trends or customer satisfaction over a long period.4.A)The lack of promotion opportunity.B)Checking charts and tables.C)Designing questionnaires.D)The persistent intensity.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5.A)His view on Canadian universities.B)His understanding of higher education.C)His suggestions for improvements in higher education.D)His complaint about bureaucracy in American universities.6.A)It is well designed.B)It is rather inflexible.C)It varies among universities.D)It has undergone great changes.7.A)The United States and Canada can learn from each other.B)Public universities are often superior to private universities.C)Everyone should be given equal access to higher education.D)Private schools work more efficiently than public institutions.8.A) University systems vary from country to country.B)Efficiency is essential to university management.C) It is hard to say which is better, a public university or a private one.D) Many private university in the U.S. Are actually large bureaucracies.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.9.A) Government’s role in resolving an economic crisis.B) The worsening real wage situation around the worldC) Indications of economic recovery in the United States.D) The impact of the current economic crisis on people’s life.10.A)They will feel less pressure to raise employees’wages.B) They will feel free to choose the most suitable employees.C) They will feel inclined to expand their business operations.D) They will feel more confident in competing with their rivals.11.A) Employees and companies cooperate to pull through the economic crisis.B) Government and companies join hands to create hobs for the unemployed.C) Employees work shorter hours to avoid layoffs.D) Team work will be encouraged in companies.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.12.A) Whether memory supplements work.B) Whether herbal medicine works wonders.C) Whether exercise enhances one’s memory.D) Whether a magic memory promises success.13.A) They help the elderly more than the young.B) They are beneficial in one way or another.C) They generally do not have side effects.D) They are not based on real science.14.A)They are available at most country fairs.B)They are taken in relatively high dosage.C)They are collected or grown by farmers.D)They are prescribed by trained practitioners.15.A)They have often proved to be as helpful as doing mental exercise.B)Taking them with other medications might entail unnecessary risks.C)Their effect lasts only a short time.D)Many have benefited from them.Section CDirections:In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16.A)How catastrophic natural disasters turn out to be to developing nations.B)How the World Meteorological Organization studies natural disasters.C)How powerless humans appear to be in face of natural disasters.D)How the negative impacts of natural disasters can be reduced.17.A)By training rescue teams for emergencies.B)By taking steps to prepare people for them.C)By changing people’s views of nature.D)By relocating people to safer places.18.A)How preventive action can reduce the loss of life.B)How courageous Cubans are in face of disasters.C)How Cubans suffer from tropical storms.D)How destructive tropical storms can be.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard.19.A)Pay back their loans to the American government.B)Provide loans to those in severe financial difficulty.C)Contribute more to the goal of a wider recovery.D)Speed up their recovery from the housing bubble.20.A)Some banks may have to merge with others.B)Many smaller regional banks are going to fail.C)It will be hard for banks to provide more loans.D)Many banks will have to lay off some employees.21.A)It will work closely with the government.B)It will endeavor to write off bad loans.C)It will try to lower the interest rate.D)It will try to provide more loans.22.A)It won’t help the American economy to turn around.B)It won’t do any good to the major commercial banks.C)It will win the approval of the Obama administration.D)It will be necessary if the economy starts to shrink again.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.23.A)Being unable to learn new things.B)Being rather slow to make changes.C)Losing temper more and more often.D)Losing the ability to get on with others.24.A)Cognitive stimulation.B)Community activity.C)Balanced diet.D)Fresh air.25.A)Ignoring the signs and symptoms of aging.B)Adopting an optimistic attitude towards life.C)Endeavoring to give up unhealthy lifestyles.D)Seeking advice from doctors from time to time.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for eachitem on Answer Sheet 2with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Pursuing a career is an essential part of adolescent development.“The adolescent becomes an adult when he_26_a real job.”To cognitive researchers likePiaget,adulthood meant the beginning of an_27_.Piaget argued that once adolescents enter the world of work,their newly acquired ability to form hypotheses allows them to create representations that are too ideal.The_28_of such ideals,without the tempering of the reality of a job or profession,rapidly leads adolescents to become _29_ of the non-idealistic world and to press for reform in a characteristically adolescent way.Piaget said:“True adaptation to society comes_30_when the adolescent reformer attempts to put his ideas to work.”Of course,youthful idealism is often courageous,and no one likes to give up dreams.Perhaps,taken_31_out of context,Piaget’s statement seems harsh.What he was_32_，however,is the way reality can modify idealistic views.Some people refer to such modification as maturity.Piaget argued that attaining and accepting a vocation is one of the best ways to modify idealized views and to mature.As careers and vocations become less available during times of _33_,adolescents may be especially hard hit.Such difficult economic times may leave many adolescents_34_about their roles in society.For this reason,community interventions and government job programs that offer summer and vacation work are not only economically_35_but also help to stimulate the adolescent’s sense of worth.A)automaticallyB)beneficialC)capturingD)confusedE)emphasizingF)entranceG)excitedH)existenceI)incidentallyJ)intolerantK)occupationL)promisesM)recessionN)slightlyO)undertakesSection BDirections:In this section,you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Can societies be rich and green?[A]“If our economies are to flourish,if global poverty is to be eliminated and if the well-being of the world’s people enhanced—not just in this generation but in succeeding generations—we must make sure we take care of the natural environment and resources on which our economic activity depends.”That statement comes not,as you might imagine,from a stereotypicaltree-hugging,save-the-world greenie(环保主义者),but from Gordon Brown,a politician with a reputation for rigour,thoroughness and above all,caution.[B]A surprising thing for the man who runs one of the world’s most powerful economies to say?Perhaps;though in the run-up to the five-year review of the Millennium(千年的)Goals,he is far from alone.The roots of his speech,given in March at the roundtable meeting of environment and energy ministers from the G20 group of nations,stretch back to 1972,and the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment in Stockholm.[C]“The protection and improvement of the human environment is a major issue which affects the well-being of peoples and economic development throughout the world,”read the final declaration from this gathering,the first of a sequence which would lead to the Rio de Janeiro Earth Summit in 1992 and the World Development Summit in Johannesburg three years ago.[D]Hunt through the reports prepared by UN agencies and development groups —many for conferences such as this year’s Millennium Goals review—and you will find that the linkage between environmental protection and economic progress is a common thread.[E]Managing ecosystems sustainably is more profitable than exploitingthem,according to the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment.But finding hard evidence to support the thesis is not so easy.Thoughts turn first to some sort of global statistic,some indicator which would rate the wealth of nations in both economic and environmental terms and show a relationship between the two.[F]If such an indicator exists,it is well hidden.And on reflection,this is not surprising;the single word“environment”has so many dimensions,and there are so many other factors affecting wealth—such as the oil deposits—that teasing out a simple economy-environment relationship would be almost impossible.[G]The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment,a vast four-year global study which reported its initial conclusions earlier this year,found reasons to believe that managing ecosystems sustainably—working with nature rather than against it—might be less profitable in the short term,but certainly brings long-term rewards.[H]And the World Resources Institute(WRI)in its World Resources 2005report,issued at the end of August,produced several such examples from Africa and Asia;it also demonstrated that environmental degradation affects the poor more than the rich,as poorer people derive a much higher proportion of their income directly from the natural resources around them.[I]But there are also many examples of growing wealth by trashing the environment,in rich and poor parts of the world alike,whether through unregulated mineral extraction,drastic water use for agriculture,slash-and-burn farming,orfossil-fuel-guzzling(大量消耗)transport.Of course,such growth may not persist in the long term—which is what Mr.Brown and the Stockholm declaration were both attempting to point out.Perhaps the best example of boom growth and bust decline is the Grand Banks fishery.For almost five centuries a very large supply of cod(鳕鱼)provided abundant raw material for an industry which at its peak employed about 40,000 people,sustaining entire communities in Newfoundland.Then,abruptly,the cod population collapsed.There were no longer enough fish in the sea for the stock to maintain itself,let alone an industry.More than a decade later,there was no sign of the ecosystem re-building itself.It had,apparently,been fished out of existence;and the once mighty Newfoundland fleet now gropes about frantically for crab on the sea floor.[J]There is a view that modern humans are inevitably sowing the seed of a global Grand Banks-style disaster.The idea is that we are taking more out of what you might call the planet’s environmental bank balance than it can sustain;we are living beyond our ecological means.One recent study attempted to calculate the extent of this“ecological overshoot of the human economy”,and found that we are using 1.2 Earth’s-worth of environmental goods and services—the implication being that at some point the debt will be called in,and all those services—the things which the planet does for us for free—will grind to a halt.[K]Whether this is right,and if so where and when the ecological axe will fall,is hard to determine with any precision—which is why governments and financial institutions are only beginning to bring such risks into their economic calculations.It is also the reason why development agencies are not united in their view of environmental issues;while some,like the WRI,maintain that environmental progress needs to go hand-in-hand with economic development,others argue that the priority is to build a thriving economy,and then use the wealth created to tackle environmental degradation.[L]This view assumes that rich societies will invest in environmental care.But is this right?Do things get better or worse as we get richer? Here the Stockholmdeclaration is ambiguous.“In the developing countries,”it says,“most of the environmental problems are caused by under-development.”So it is saying that economic development should make for a cleaner world?Not necessarily;“In the industralised countries,environmental problems are generally related to industrialisation and technological development,”it continues.In other words,poor and rich both over-exploit the natural world,but for different reasons.It’s simply not true that economic growth will surely make our world cleaner.[M]Clearly,richer societies are able to provide environmental improvements which lie well beyond the reach of poorer communities.Citizens of wealthy nations demand national parks,clean rivers,clean air and poison-free food.Theyalso,however,use far more natural resources-fuel,water(all those baths and golf courses)and building materials.[N]A case can be made that rich nations export environmental problems,the most graphic example being climate change.As a country’s wealth grows,so do its greenhouse gas emissions.The figures available will not be completelyaccurate.Measuring emissions is not a precise science, particularly when it comes to issues surrounding land use;not all nations have re-leased up-to-date data,and in any case,emissions from some sectors such as aviation are not included in national statistics.But the data is exact enough for a clear trend to be easily discernible.As countries become richer,they produce more greenhouse gases;and the impact of those gases will fall primarily in poor parts of the world.[O]Wealth is not,of course,the only factor involved.The average Norwegian is better off than the average US citizen,but contributes about half as much to climate change.But could Norway keep its standard of living and yet cut its emissions to Moroccan or even Ethiopian levels?That question,repeated across a dozen environmental issues and across our diverse planet,is what will ultimately determine whether the human race is living beyond its ecological means as it pursues economic revival.36.Examples show that both rich and poor countries exploited the environmentfor economic progress.37.Environmental protection and improvement benefit people all over the world.38.It is not necessarily true that economic growth will make our world cleaner.39.The common theme of the UN reports is the relation between environmental protection and economic growth.40.Development agencies disagree regarding how to tackle environment issues while ensuring economic progress.41.It is difficult to find solid evidence to prove environmental friendliness generates more profits than exploiting the natural environment.42.Sustainable management of ecosystems will prove rewarding in the long run.43.A politician noted for being cautious asserts that sustainable human development depends on the natural environment.44.Poor countries will have to bear the cost for rich nations’economic development.45.One recent study warns us of the danger of the exhaustion of natural resources on Earth.Section CDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Interactive television advertising, which allows viewers to use their remote controls to click on advertisements, has been pushed for years. Nearly a decade ago it was predicted that viewers of “Friends”, a popular situation comedy, would soon be able to purchase a sweater like Jennifer Aniston’s with a few taps on their remotecontrol.“It’s been the year of interactive television advertising for the last ten or twelve years,”says Colin Dixon of a digital-media consultancy.So the news that Cablevision, and American cable company, was rolling out interactive advertisements to all its customers on October 6th was greeted with some skepticism. During commercials, an overlay will appear at the bottom of the screen, prompting viewers to press a button to request a free sample or order a catalogue. Cablevision hopes to allow customers to buy things with their remote controls early next year.Television advertising could do with a boost. Spending fell by 10% in the first half of the year. The popularization of digital video recorders has caused advertisers to worry that their commercials will be skipped. Some are turning to the Internet, which is cheaper and offers concrete measurements like click-through rates—especially important at a time when marketing budgets are tight. With the launch of interactive advertising,“many of the dollars that went to the Internet will come back to the TV,”says David Kline of Cablevision. Or so the industry hopes.In theory, interactive advertising can engage viewers in a way that 30-second spots do not. Unilever recently ran an interactive campaign for its Axe deodorant(除臭剂)，which kept viewers engaged for more than three minutes on average.The amount spent on interactive advertising on television is still small. Magna, an advertising agency, reckons it will be worth about $138 million this year. That falls far short of the billions of dollars people once expected it to generate. But DirecTV, Comcast and Time Warner Cable have all invested in it. A new effort led by Canoe Ventures, a coalition of leading cable providers, aims to make interactive advertising available across America later this year. BrightLine iTV, Which designs and sells interactive ads, says interest has surged: it expects its revenues almost to triple this year. BSkyB, Britain’s biggest satellite-television service, already provides 9 million customers with interactive ads.Yet there are doubts whether people watching television, a“lean back”medium, crave interaction. Click-through rates have been high so far(around 3-4%, compared with less than 0.3% online), but that may be a result of the novelty. Interactive adsand viewers might not go well together.46.What does Colin Dixon mean by saying“It’s been the year of interactive television advertising for the last ten or twelve years”(Lines 4-5, Para.1)?A)Interactive television advertising will become popular in 10-12 years.B)Interactive television advertising has been under debate for the last decade or so.C)Interactive television advertising is successful when incorporated into situation comedies.D)Interactive television advertising has not achieved the anticipated results.47.What is the public’s response to Cablevision’s planned interactive TV advertising program?A)Pretty positive.B)Totally indifferent.C)Somewhat doubtful.D)Rather critical.48.What is the impact of the wide use of digital video recorders on TV advertising?A)It has made TV advertising easily accessible to viewers.B)It helps advertisers to measure the click-through rates.C)It has placed TV advertising at a great disadvantage.D)It enables viewers to check the sales items with ease.49.What do we learn about Unilever’s interactive campaign?A)It proves the advantage of TV advertising.B)It has done well in engaging the viewers.C)It helps attract investments in the company.D)it has boosted the TV advertising industry.50.How does the author view the hitherto high click-through rates?A)They may be due to the novel way of advertising.B)They signify the popularity of interactive advertising.C)They point to the growing curiosity ofTV viewers.D)They indicate the future direction of media reform.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.What can be done about mass unemployment? All the wise heads agree: there’re no quick or easy answers. There’s work to be done, but workers aren’t ready to do it—they’re in the wrong places, or they have the wrong skills, Our problems are “structural,”and will take many years to solve.But don’t bother asking for evidence that justifies this bleak view. There isn’t any. On the contrary, all the facts suggest that high unemployment in America is the result of inadequate demand. saying that there’re no easy answers sounds wise. But it’s actually foolish: our unemployment crisis could be cured very quickly if we had the intellectual clarity and political will to act. In other words, structural unemployment is a fake problem, which mainly serves as an excuse for not pursing real solutions.The fact is job openings have plunged in every major sector, while the number of workers forced into part-time employment in almost all industries has soared. Unemployment has surged in every major occupational category. Only three states. With a combined population not much larger than that of Brooklyn, have unemployment rates below 5%. So the evidence contradicts the claim that we’re mainly suffering from structural unemployment. Why, then, has this claim become so popular?Part of the answer is that this is what always happens during periods of high unemployment—in part because experts and analysts believe that declaring the problem deeply rooted, with no easy answers, makes them sound serious.I’ve been looking at what self-proclaimed experts were saying about unemployment during the Great Depression; it was almost identical to what Very Serious People are saying now. Unemployment cannot be brought down rapidly,declared one 1935 analysis, because the workforce is“unadaptable and untrained. It cannot respond to the opportunities which industry may offer.”A few years later, a large defense buildup finally provided a fiscal stimulus adequate to the economy’s needs—and suddenly industry was eager to employ those“unadaptable and untrained”workers.But now, as then, powerful forces are ideologically opposed to the whole idea of government action on a sufficient scale to jump-start the economy. And that, fundamentally, is why claims that we face huge structural problems have been multiplying: they offer a reason to do nothing about the mass unemployment that is crippling out economy and our society.So what you need to know is that there’s no evidence whatsoever to back these claims. We aren’t suffering from a shortage of needed skills, We’re suffering from a lack of policy resolve. As I said, structural unemployment isn’t a real problem, it’s an excuse—a reason not to act on America’s problems at a time when action is desperately needed.51.What does the author think is the root cause of mass unemployment in America?A)Corporate mismanagement.B)Insufficient demand.C)Technological advances.D)Workers’slow adaptation.52.What does the author think of the experts’claim concerning unemployment?A)Self-evident.B)Thought-provoking.C)Irrational.D)Groundless.53.What does the author say helped bring down unemployment during the Great Depression?A)The booming defense industry.B)The wise heads’benefit package.C)Nationwide training of workers.D)Thorough restructuring of industries.54.What has caused claims of huge structural problems to multiply?A)Powerful opposition to government’s stimulus efforts.B)Very Serious People’s attempt to cripple the economy.C)Evidence gathered from many sectors of the industries.D)Economists’failure to detect the problems in time.55.What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?A)To testify to the experts’analysis of America’s problems.B)To offer a feasible solution to the structural unemployment.C)To show the urgent need for the government to take action.D)To alert American workers to the urgency for adaptation.Part IV Translation (30minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.中国的创新正以前所未有的速度蓬勃发展。
2016年6月大学英语六级听力真题及答案：第一套
Section ADirections：In this section.you will hear two long conversations，At the end of each conversation，you will， hear four questions.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question，you must choose the best answer from the four choices markedA ，B ，C andD .Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.◆1.A.The restructuring of her company.B.The man’s switch to a new career.C.The updating of technology at CucinTech.D.The project the man managed at CucinTech.◆2.A.Talented personnel.B.Effective promotion.C.Strategic innovation.petitive products.◆3.A.Innovate constantly.B.Expand the market.C.Recruit more talents.D.Watch out for his competitors.◆4.A. Possible bankruptcy.B.Unforeseen difficulties.C.Imitation by one’s competitors.D.Conflicts within the company.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.◆5.A.The importance of language proficiency.B.The job of an interpreter.C.The stress felt by professionals.D.The best Way to effective communication.◆6.A. Admirable.B.Promising.C.Meaningful.D.Rewarding.◆7.A.They have all passed language proficiency tests.B.They have all studied cross.cultural differences.C.They all have a strong interest in language.D.They all have professional qualifications.◆8.A.It puts one’s long.term memory under more stress.B.It is more stressful than simultaneous interpreting.C.It attaches more importance to accuracy.D.It requires a much larger vocabulary.Section BDirections：In this section，you will hear two passages.At the end of each passage,you will hear three or four questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question，you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A ，B ，C and D .Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.◆9.A.It might increase mothers’mental distress.B.It might increase the risk of infants’death.C.It might affect mothers’health.D.It might disturb infants’sleep.◆10.A.Mothers who sleep with their babies need a little more sleep each night.B.Sleeping patterns of mothers greatly affect their newborn babies’health.C.Sleeping with infants in the same room has a negative impact on mothers.D.Mothers who breast.feed their babies have a harder time falling asleep.◆11.A.Take precautions to reduce the risk of sudden infant death syndrome.B.Sleep in the same house but not in the same room as their babies.C.Sleep in the same room but not in the same bed as their babies.D.Change their sleep patterns to adapt to their newborn babies’.Questions l2 t015 are based on the passage you have just heard.◆12.A.More money is needed to record the native languages in the US.B.The efforts to preserve Indian languages have proved fruitless.C.The US ranks first in the number of endangered languages.D.A lot of native languages have already died out in the US.◆13.A.To set up more language schools.B.To educate native American children.C.To revitalise America’s native languages.D.To document endangered languages.◆14.A.The US government’s policy of Americanising Indian children.B.The failure of American Indian languages to gain an official status.C.The long.time isolation of American Indians from the outside world.D.The US government’s unwillingness to spend money educating Indians.◆15.A.It is widely used in language immersion schools.B.It speeds up the extinction of native languages.C.It is being utilised to teach native languages.D.It tells traditional stories during family time.Section CDirections：In this section，you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions.The recordingsWill be played only once.After you hear a question，you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A ，B ，C and D.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet l with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.◆16.A.It provides them with the basic necessities of everyday life.B.It pays their living expenses until they find employment again.C.It covers their mortgage payments and medical expenses for 99 weeks.D.It pays them up to half of their previous wages while they look for work.◆17.A.Convincing local lawmakers to extend unemployment benefits.B.Creating jobs for the huge army of unemployed workers.C.Providing training and guidance for unemployed workers.D.Raising funds to help those having no unemployment insurance.◆18.A.To encourage big businesses to hire back workers with government subsidies.B.To create more jobs by encouraging private investments in local companies.C. To allow them to postpone their monthly mortgage payments.D. To offer them loans they need to start their own businesses. Questions l9 t022 are based on the recording you have just heard.◆19.A. They investigated the ice.B. They analyzed the water content.C.They explored the ocean floor.D.They measured the depths of sea water.◆20.A.The ice decrease is more evident than previously thought.B.The ice ensures the survival of many endangered species.C.Most of the ice was accumulated over the past centuries.D. Eighty percent of the ice disappears in summer time.◆21.A.The melting Arctic ice has drowned many coastal cities.B. Arctic ice is a major source of the world’s flesh water.C. Arctic ice is essential to human survival.D. The decline of Arctic ice is irreversible.◆22.A. There is no easy technological solution to it.B.It will advance nuclear technology.C.There is no easy way.to understand it.D. It will do a lot of harm to mankind.Questions 23 t025 are based on the recording you have just heard.◆23.A. The deciding factor in children’s academic performance.B. The health problems of children raised by a single parent.C.The relation between children’s self-control and their future success.D. The reason why New Zealand children seem to have better self-control.◆24.A. Those with a criminal record mostly come from single parent families.B. Children raised by single parents will have a hard time in their thirties.C.Parents must learn to exercise self-control in front of their children.D. Lack of self-control in parents is a disadvantage for their children.◆25.A. Self-control problems will diminish as one grows up.B. Self-control can be improved through education.C. Self-control can improve one’s financial situation.D. Self-control problems may be detected early in children.1.【解析】D。
2016年6月六级考试真题(第三套)
2016年6月六级考试真题（第三套）Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the use of robots. Try to imagine what will happen when more and more robots take the place of human beings inindustry as well as people’s daily lives. You are required to write at least 150 words but nomore than 200 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes) 说明：2016年6月六级真题全国共考了两套听力。
本套（即第三套）的听力内容与第二套的完全一样，只是选项的顺序不一样而已，故在本套中不再重复给出。
Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read thepassage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank isidentified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank morethan once.Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.Pursuing a career is an essential part of adolescent development. “The adolescent becomes an adult when he 26 a real job.” To cognitive researchers like Piaget, adulthood meant the beginning of an 27 .Piaget argued that once adolescents enter the world of work, their newly acquired ability to form hypotheses allows them to create representations that are too ideal. The 28 of such ideals, without the tempering of the reality of a job or profession, rapidly leads adolescents to become 29 of the non-idealistic world and to press for reform in a characteristically adolescent way. Piaget said: “True adaptation to society comes 30 when the adolescent reformer attempts to put his ideas to work.”Of course, youthful idealism is often courageous, and no one likes to give up dreams. Perhaps, taken 31 out of context, Piaget’s statement seems harsh. What he was 32 , however, is the way reality can modify idealistic views. Some people refer to such modification as maturity. Piaget argued that attaining and accepting a vocation is one of the best ways to modify idealized views and to mature.As careers and vocations become less available during times of 33 , adolescents may be especially hard hit. Such difficult economic times may leave many adolescents 34 about their roles in society. For this reason, community interventions and government job programs that offer summer and vacation work are not only economically 35 but also help to stimulate the adolescent’s sense ofworth.Section BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph fromwhich the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Eachparagraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the correspondingletter on Answer Sheet 2.Can societies be rich and green?[A] “If our economies are to flourish, if global poverty is to be eliminated and if the well-being of the world’s people enhanced—not just in this generation but in succeeding generations—we must make sure we take care of the natural environment and resources on which our economic activity depends.” That statement comes not, as you might imagine, from a stereotypical tree-hugging, save-the-world-greenie (环保主义者), but from Gordon Brown, a politician with a reputation for rigour, thoroughness and above all, caution.[B] A surprising thing for the man who runs one of the world’s most powerful economies to say? Perhaps; though in the run-up to the five-year review of the Millennium (千年的) Goals, he is far from alone. The roots of his speech, given in March at the round table meeting of environment and energy ministers from the G20 group of nations, stretch back to 1972, and the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment in Stockholm.[C] “The protection and improvement of the human environment is a major issue which affects the well-being of peoples and economic development throughout the world,”read the final declaration from this gathering, the first of a sequence which would lead to the Rio de Janeiro Earth Summit in 1992 and the World Development Summit in Johannesburg three years ago.[D] Hunt through the reports prepared by UN agencies and development groups—many for conferences such as this year’s Millennium Goals review—and you will find that the linkage betweenenvironmental protection and economic progress is a common thread.[E] Managing ecosystems sustainably is more profitable than exploiting them, according to the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment. But finding hard evidence to support the thesis is not so easy. Thoughts turn first to some sort of global statistic, some indicator which would rate the wealth of nations in both economic and environmental terms and show a relationship between the two.[F] If such an indicator exists, it is well hidden. And on reflection, this is not surprising; the single word “environment” has so many dimensions, and there are so many other factors affecting wealth—such as the oil deposits—that teasing out a simple economy-environment relationship would be almost impossible.[G] The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, a vast four-year global study which reported its initial conclusions earlier this year, found reasons to believe that managing ecosystems sustainably—working with nature rather than against it—might be less profitable in the short term, but certainly brings long-term rewards.[H] And the World Resources Institute (WRI) in its World Resources 2005 report, issued at the end of August, produced several such examples from Africa and Asia; it also demonstrated that environmental degradation affects the poor more than the rich, as poorer people derive a much higher proportion of their income directly from the natural resources around them.[I] But there are also many examples of growing wealth by trashing the environment, in rich and poor parts of the world alike, whether through unregulated mineral extraction, drastic water use for agriculture, slash-and-bum farming, or fossil-fuel-guzzling(大量消耗) transport. Of course, such growth may not persist in the long term—which is what Mr. Brown and the Stockholm declaration were both attempting to point out. Perhaps the best example of boom growth and bust decline is the Grand Banks fishery. For almost five centuries a very large supply of cod (鳕鱼) provided abundant raw material for an industry which at its peak employed about 40,000 people, sustaining entire communities in Newfoundland. Then, abruptly, the cod population collapsed. There were no longer enough fish in the sea for the stock to maintain itself, let alone an industry. More than a decade later, there was no sign of the ecosystem rebuilding itself. It had, apparently, been fished out of existence; and the once mighty Newfoundland fleet now gropes about frantically for crab on the sea floor.[J] There is a view that modem humans are inevitably sowing the seeds of a global Grand Banks-style disaster. The idea is that we are taking more out of what you might call the planet’s environmental bank balance than it can sustain; we are living beyond our ecological means. One recent study attempted tocalculate the extent of this “ecological overshoot of the human economy”, and found that we are using 1.2 Earth’s worth of environmental goods and services—the implication being that at some point the debt will be called in, and all those services—the things which the planet does for us for free—will grind to a halt.[K] Whether this is right, and if so where and when the ecological axe will fall, is hard to determine with any precision—which is why governments and financial institutions are only beginning to bring such risks into their economic calculations. It is also the reason why development agencies are not united in their view of environmental issues; while some, like the WRI, maintain that environmental progress needs to go hand-in-hand with economic development, others argue that the priority is to build a thriving economy, and then use the wealth created to tackle environmental degradation.[L]This view assumes that rich societies will invest in environmental care. But is this right? Do things get better or worse as we get richer? Here the Stockholm declaration is ambiguous. “In the developing countries,” it says, “most of the environmental problems are caused by under-development.” So it is saying that economic development should make for a cleaner world? Not necessarily; “In the industrialised countries, environmental problems are generally related to industrialisation and technological development,” it continues. In other words, poor and rich both over-exploit the natural world, but for different reasons. It’s s imply not true that economic growth will surely make our world cleaner.[M] Clearly, richer societies are able to provide environmental improvements which lie well beyond the reach of poorer communities. Citizens of wealthy nations demand national parks, clean rivers, clean air and poison-free food. They also, however, use far more natural resources—fuel, water (all those baths and golf courses) and building materials.[N] A case can be made that rich nations export environmental problems, the most graphic example being climate change. As a country’s wealth grows, so do its greenhouse gas emissions. The figures available will not be completely accurate. Measuring emissions is not a precise science, particularly when it comes to issues surrounding land use; not all nations have released up-to-date data, and in any case, emissions from some sectors such as aviation are not included in national statistics. But the data is exact enough for a clear trend to be easily discernible. As countries become richer, they produce more greenhouse gases; and the impact of those gases will fall primarily in poor parts of the world.[O] Wealth is not, of course, the only factor involved. The average Norwegian is better off than the average US citizen, but contributes about half as much to climate change. But could Norway keep its standard of living and yet cut its emissions to Moroccan or even Ethiopian levels? That question,repeated across a dozen environmental issues and across our diverse planet, is what will ultimately determine whether the human race is living beyond its ecological means as it pursues economic revival.36. Examples show that both rich and poor countries exploited the environment for economic progress.37. Environmental protection and improvement benefit people all over the world.38. It is not necessarily true that economic growth will make our world cleaner.39. The common theme of the UN reports is the relation between environmental protection and economic growth.40. Development agencies disagree regarding how to tackle environment issues while ensuring economic progress.41. It is difficult to find solid evidence to prove environmental friendliness generates more profits than exploiting the natural environment.42. Sustainable management of ecosystems will prove rewarding in the long run.43. A politician noted for being cautious asserts that sustainable human development depends on the natural environment.44. Poor countries wil l have to bear the cost for rich nations’ economic development.45. One recent study warns us of the danger of the exhaustion of natural resources on Earth.Section CDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C), andD).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Interactive television advertising, which allows viewers to use their remote controls to click on advertisements, has been pushed for years. Nearly a decade ago it was predicted that viewers of “Friends”, a popular situation comedy, would soon be able to purchase a sweater like Jennifer Aniston’s with a few taps on their remote control. “It’s been the year of interactive television advertising for the last ten or twelve years,” says Colin Dixon of a digital-media consultancy.So the news that Cablevision, an American cable company, was rolling out interactive advertisements to all its customers on October 6th was greeted with some skepticism. During commercials, an overlay will appear at the bottom of the screen, prompting viewers to press a button to request a free sample or order a catalogue. Cablevision hopes to allow customers to buy things with their remote controls early next year.Television advertising could do with a boost. Spending fell by 10%in the first half of the year. The popularization of digital video recorders has caused advertisers to worry that their commercials will beskipped. Some are turning to the Internet, which is cheaper and offers concrete measurements like click-through rates—especially important at a time when marketing budgets are tight. With the launch of interactive advertising, “many of the dollars that went to the Internet will come back to the TV,” says David Kline of Cablevision. Or so the industry hopes.In theory, interactive advertising can engage viewers in a way that 30-second spots do not. Unilever recently ran an interactive campaign for its Axe deodorant(除臭剂), which kept viewers engaged for more than three minutes on average.The amount spent on interactive advertising on television is still small Magna, an advertising agency, reckons it will be worth about $138 million this year. That falls far short of the billions of dollars people once expected it to generate. But DirecTV, Comcast and Time Warner Cable have all invested in it. A new effort led by Canoe Ventures, a coalition of leading cable providers, aims to make interactive advertising available across America later this year. BrightLine iTV, which designs and sells interactive ads, says interest has surged: it expects its revenues almost to triple this year. BSkyB, Britain’s biggest satellite-television service, already provides 9 million customers with interactive ads.Yet there are doubts whether people watching television, a “lean back” medium, crave interaction. Click-though rates have been high so far (around 3-4%, compared with less than 0.3% online), but that may be a result of the novelty. Interactive ads and viewers might not go well together.46. What does Colin Dixon mean by saying “It’s been the year of interactive television advertising for the last ten or twelve years” (Line 4, Para.1)?A) Interactive television advertising will become popular in 10-12 years.B) Interactive television advertising has been under debate for the last decade or so.C) Interactive television advertising is successful when incorporated into situation comedies.D) Interactive television advertising has not achieved the anticipated results.47. What is the public’s response to Cablevision’s planned interactive TV advertising pr ogram?A) Pretty positive.B) Totally indifferent.C) Somewhat doubtful.D) Rather critical.48. What is the impact of the wide use of digital video recorders on TV advertising?A) It has made TV advertising easily accessible to viewers.B) It helps advertisers to measure the click-through rates.C) It has placed TV advertising at a great disadvantage.D) It enables viewers to check the sales items with ease.49. What do we learn about Unilever’s interactive campaign?A) It proves the advantage of TV advertising.B) It has done well in engaging the viewers.C) It helps attract investments in the company.D) It has boosted the TV advertising industry.50. How does the author view the hitherto high click-through rates?A) They may be due to the novel way of advertising.B) They signify the popularity of interactive advertising.C) They point to the growing curiosity of TV viewers.D) They indicate the future direction of media reform.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage·What can be done about mass unemployment? All the wise heads agree: there’re no quick or easy answers. There’s work to be done, but workers aren’t ready to do it—they’re in the wrong places, or they have the wrong skills. Our problems are “structural”, and will take many years to solve.But don’t bo ther asking for evidence that justifies this bleak view. There isn’t any. On the contrary, all the facts suggest that high unemployment in America is the result of inadequate demand. Saying that there’re no easy answers sounds wise. B ut it’s actually fooli sh: our unemployment crisis could be cured very quickly if we had the intellectual clarity and political will to act. In other words, structural unemployment is a fake problem, which mainly serves as an excuse for not pursuing real solutions.The fact is job openings have plunged in every major sector, while the number of workers forced into part-time employment in almost all industries has soared. Unemployment has surged in every major occupational category. Only three states, with a combined population not much larger than that of Brooklyn, have unemployment rates below 5%. So the evidence contradicts the claim that we’re mainly suffering from structural unemployment. Why, then, has this claim become so popular?Part of the answer is that this is what always happens during periods of high unemployment—in part because experts and analysts believe that declaring the problem deeply rooted, with no easy answers, makes them sound serious.I’ve been looking at what self-proclaimed experts were saying about unemployment during the Great Depression: it was almost identical to what Very Serious People are saying now. Unemployment cannot be brought down rapidly, declared one 1935 analysis, because the workforce is “unadaptable and untrained. It cannot respond to the opportunities which industry may offer.” A few years later, a large defense buildup finally provided a fiscal stimulus adequate to the economy’s needs—and suddenly industry was eager to employ those “unadaptable and untrained” workers.But now, as then, powerful forces are ideologically opposed to the whole idea of government action on a sufficient scale to jump-start the economy. And that, fundamentally, is why claims that we face huge structural problems have been multiplying: they offer a reason to do nothing about the mass unemployment that is crippling our economy and our society.So what you need to know is that there’s no evidence whatsoever to back these claims.We aren’tsuffering from a shortage of needed skills; we’re suffering from a lack of policy resolve. As I said, structural unemployment isn’t a real problem, it’s an excuse—a reason not to act on America’s problems at a time when action is desperately needed.51. What does the author think is the root cause of mass unemployment in America?A) Corporate mismanagement.B) Insufficient demand.C) Technological advances.D) Workers’ slow adaptation.52. What does the author think of the experts’ claim concerning unemployment?A) Self-evident.B) Thought-provoking.C) Irrational.D) Groundless.53. What does the author say helped bring down unemployment during the Great Depression?A) The booming defense industry.B) The wise heads’ benefit package.C) Nationwide training of workers.D) Thorough restructuring of industries.54. What has caused claims of huge structural problems to multiply?A) Powerful opposition to government’s stimulus efforts.B) Very Serious People’s a ttempt to cripple the economy.C) Evidence gathered from many sectors of the industries.D) Economists’ failure to detect the problems in time.55. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?A) To testify to the experts’ analysis of Amer ica’s problems.B) To offer a feasible solution to the structural unemployment.C) To show the urgent need for the government to take action.D) To alert American workers to the urgency for adaptation.Part IV Translation (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.深圳是中国广东省一座新开发的城市。
2016 年 6 月英语六级真题及答案(三套全)
2016 年6 月英语六级真题及答案（三套全）2016 年年6 月大学英语六级真题试卷一Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on AlbertEinstein’s remark “I have no special talents, but I am only passionately curious.” You can giveone example or two to illustrate your point of view. You should write at least 150 words but no morethan 200 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the endof each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both theconversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause.During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is thebest answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through thecentre.1. A) The woman seldom speaks highly of herself.B) The man is unhappy with the woman's remark.C) The man behaved as if he were a thorough fool.D) The woman thinks she is cleverer than the man.2. A) Three crew members were involved in the incident.B) None of the hijacker carried any deadly weapons.C) The plane had been scheduled to fly to Japan.D) None of the passengers was injured or killed.2016 年6 月英语六级真题及答案（三套全）第- 2 -页，共一百〇五页共3. A) At a checkout counter.B) At a commercial bank.C) At a travel agency.D) At a hotel front desk.4. A) The restaurant was not up to the speakers’ expe ctations.B) The restaurant places many ads in popular magazines.C) The critic thought highly of the Chinese restaurant.D) Chinatown has got the best restaurants in the city.5. A) Prof. Laurence has stopped conducting seminars.B) Prof. Laurence is going into an active retirement.C) The professor's graduate seminar is well received.D) The professor will lead a quiet life after retirement.6. A) Finding a replacement for Leon.B) Assigning Leon to a new position.C) Arranging for Rodney's visit tomorrow.D) Finding a solution to Rodney's problem.7. A) Helen has been looking forward to the exhibition.B) The photography exhibition will close tomorrow.C) Helen asked the man to book a ticket for her.D) Photography is one of Helen's many hobbies.8. A) The speakers share the same opinion.B) Steve knows how to motivate employees.C) The woman is out of touch with the real world.D) The man has a better understanding of Steve.2016 年6 月英语六级真题及答案（三套全）第- 3 -页，共一百〇五页共Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9. A) It is well paid.B) It is demanding.C) It is stimulating.D) It is fairly secure.10. A) A lighter workload.B) Free accommodation.C) Moving expenses.D) A quick promotion.11. A) He has to sign a long-term contract.B) He has trouble adapting to the local weather.C) He has to spend a lot more traveling back and forth.D) He has difficulty communicating with local people.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A) The woman sympathizes with a man.B) The man is in the process of job hunting.C) The man is going to attend a job interview.D) The woman will help the man make a choice.13. A) To see if he can get loan from the woman's bank.B) To see if he can find a job in the woman's company.C) To inquire about the current financial market situation.D) To inquire about the interest rates at the woman's bank.14. A) Long-term investment.2016 年6 月英语六级真题及答案（三套全）第- 4 -页，共一百〇五页共B) Any high-interest deposit.C) A three-month deposit.D) And high-yield investment.15. A) She treated him to a meal.B) She raised interest rates for him.C) She offered him dining coupons.D) She gave him loans at low rates.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you willhear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear aquestion, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D). Thenmark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1 上作答。
2016年6月四六级听力样题
2016年6月六级样题2016年6月大学英语六级考试听力样题Part II Listening Comprehension （30 minutes）Section ADirections：In this section，you will hear two long conversations．At the end of each conversation，you will hear some questions．Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once．After you hear a question，you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A），B），C）and D）．Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through the centre．Conversation OneQuestions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard．1．A）He invented the refrigerator．C）He was admitted to a university．B）He patented his first invention．D）He got a degree in Mathematics．2． A）He started to work on refrigeration．B）He became a professor of Mathematics．C）He fell in love with Natasha Willoughby．D）He distinguished himself in low temperature physics．3． A）Discovering the true nature of subatomic particles．B）Their explanation of the laws of cause and effect．C）Their work on very high frequency radio waves．D）Laying the foundations of modern mathematics．4． A）To have a three－week holiday． C）To patent his inventions．B）To spend his remaining years．D）To teach at a university．Conversation TwoQuestions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard．5． A）The injury of some students．B）A school bus crash on the way．C）The collapse of a school building．D）A fire that broke out on a school campus．6． A）Teaching． C）Having lunch．B）On vacation．D）Holding a meeting．7． A）A malfunctioning stove．C）Violation of traffic rules．B）Cigarettes butts left by workers．D）Negligence in school maintenance．8．A）Sent a story to the local newspaper．B）Threw a small Thanksgiving party．C）Baked some cookies as a present．D）Wrote a personal letter of thanks．Section BDirections：In this section，you will hear two passages．At the end of each passage，you will hear some questions．Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once．After you hear a question，you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A），B），C）and D）．Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through thecentre．Passage OneQuestions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard．9．A）It is a trait of a generous character．C）It is an indicator of high intelligence．B）It is a reflection of self－esteem．D）It is a sign of happiness and confidence．10．A）It was self－defeating． C）It was the essence of comedy．B）It was aggressive．D）It was something admirable．11．A）It is a double－edged sword．C）It is a unique gift of human beings．B）It is a feature of a given culture．D）It is a result of both nature and nurture．Passage TwoQuestions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard．12．A）She is a tourist guide． C）She is a domestic servant．B）She is an interpreter． D）She is from the royal family．13．A）It is situated at the foot of a beautiful mountain．B）It was used by the family to hold dinner parties．C）It was frequently visited by heads of state．D）It is furnished like one in a royal palace．14．A）It is elaborately decorated．C）It is very big，with only six slim legs．B）It has survived some 2，000 years．D）It is shaped like an ancient Spanish boat．15．A）They are interesting to look at．B）They have lost some of their legs．C）They do not match the oval table at all．D）They are uncomfortable to sit in for long．Section CDirections：In this section，you will hear recordings of lectures or talks followed by some questions．The recordings will be played only once．After you hear a question，you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A），B），C）and D）．Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre．Now listen to the following recording and answer questions 16 to 19．16．A）They investigate the retirement homes in America．B）They are on issues facing senior citizens in America．C）They describe the great pleasures of the golden years．D）They are filled with fond memories of his grandparents．17．A）The loss of the ability to take care of himself．B）The feeling of not being important any more．C）Being unable to find a good retirement home．D）Leaving the home he had lived in for 60 years．18．A）The loss of identity and self－worth．B）Fear of being replaced or discarded．C）Freedom from pressure and worldly cares．D）The possession of wealth and high respect．19．A）The urgency of pension reform．B）Medical care for senior citizens．C）Finding meaningful roles for the elderly in society．D）The development of public facilities for senior citizens．Now listen to the following recording and answer questions 20 to 22．20．A）It seriously impacts their physical and mental development．B）It has become a problem affecting global economic growth．C）It is a common problem found in underdeveloped countries．D）It is an issue often overlooked by parents in many countries．21．A）They will live longer．C）They get along well with people．B）They get better pay．D）They develop much higher IQs．22．A）Appropriated funds to promote research of nutrient－rich foods．B）Encouraged breastfeeding for the first six months of a child’s life．C）Recruited volunteers to teach rural people about health and nutrition．D）Targeted hunger－relief programs at pregnant women and young children．Now listen to the following recording and answer questions 23 to 25．23．A）The guaranteed quality of its goods．B）The huge volume of its annual sales．C）The service it provides to its customers．D）The high value－to－weight ratio of its goods．24．A）Those having a taste or smell component．B）Products potentially embarrassing to buy．C）Those that require very careful handling．D）Services involving a personal element．25．A）Those who live in the virtual world．B）Those who have to work long hours．C）Those who are used to online transactions．D）Those who don’t mind paying a little more．Section ADirections：In this section，you will hear two long conversations．At the end of each conversation，you will hear some questions．Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once．After you hear a question，you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A），B），C）and D）．Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through the centre．Conversation OneW：Hello．M：Hello，is that the reference library?W：Yes．Can I help you?M：I hope so．I rang earlier and asked for some information about Denys Hawtin，the scientist．You asked me to ring back．W：Oh，yes．I have found something．M：Good．I’ve got a pencil and paper．Perhaps you could read out what it says．W：Certainly．Hawtin，Denys．Born：Darlington 1836；died New York 1920．M：Yes．Got that．W：Inventor and physicist．The son of a farm worker，he was admitted to the University of London at the age of fifteen．M：Yes．W：He graduated at seventeen with a first class degree in Physics and Mathematics．All right?M：Yes，all right．W：He made his first notable achievement at the age of eighteen．It was a method of refrigeration which arose from his work in low temperature physics．He became professor of Mathematics at the University of Manchester at twenty－four，where he remained for twelve years．During that time he married one of his students，Natasha Willoughby．M：Yes．Go on．W：Later，working together in London，they laid the foundation of modern Physics by showing that normal laws of cause and effect do not apply at the level of subatomic particles．For this he and his wife received the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1910，and did so again in 1912 for their work on very high frequency radio waves．In his lifetime Hawtin patented 244 inventions．Do you want any more?M：Yes．When did he go to America?W：Let me see．In 1920 he went to teach in New York，and died there suddenly after onlythree weeks．Still，he was a good age．M：Yes．I suppose so．Well，thanks．Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard．1．What do we learn about Denys Hawtin when he was 15?2．What did Denys Hawtin do at the age of 24?3．For what were Denys Hawtin and his wife awarded the Nobel Prize a second time?4．Why did Denys Hawtin go to New York?Conversation TwoW：This is Lisa Meyer in the WBZ newsroom，talking with Mike Bassichis，who is the director of the Gifford School，about the cleanup from last week’s fire and what the possible cause of that blaze may have been．M：We’re getting ready for our entire staff to return early from vacation tomorrow whereupon we are going to move into temporary classrooms．And the other buildings that did not burn are being de－smoked．As to the cause of the fire，all we know is that we were having trouble with the pilot lights since we bought the stove in July and it had been serviced three times．Well，as a matter of fact，we think it was a malfunctioning stove that may have caused the fire．Nothing definite yet has been determined．W：Have you heard from other schools or other institutional users of this stove that have had the same problem?M：No．I wouldn’t know anything more about the stove itself．All I know is that this fire went up so quickly that there’s been a suspicion about why it went up so quickly．And it may be that there was a gas blast．But，again，this has not been determined officially by anybody．W：I got you．When do kids come back to school?M：Next Monday，and we will be ready for them．Monday January 4．We’re just extremely thrilled that no one was hurt and that’s because of the fire fighters that were here，nine of them．They’re wonderful．W：And I’m sure you send your thanks out to them，uh?M：Well，we’re sending out thanks to them in a letter or in any other way we can．I heard a story today where one of our kids actually baked some cookies and is taking it to the firedepartment，to give it to them．Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard．5．What were the speakers talking about?6．What were the school staff doing at the time of the accident?7．What was supposed to be the cause of the accident?8．What did one of the kids do to show gratitude?Section BDirections：In this section，you will hear two passages．At the end of each passage，you will hear some questions．Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once．After you hear a question，you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A），B），C）and D）．Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through the centre．Passage OneIn today’s personality stakes，nothing is more highly valued than a sense of humor．We seek it out in others and are proud to claim it in ourselves，perhaps even more than good looks or intelligence．If someone has a great sense of humor，we reason，it means that they are happy，socially confident and have a healthy perspective on life．This attitude would have surprised the ancient Greeks，who believed humor to be essentially aggressive．And in fact，our admiration for the comically gifted is relatively new，and not very well－founded，says Rod Martin，a psychologist at the University of Western Ontario．Being funny isn’t necessarily an indicator of good social skills and well－being，his research has shown．It may just as likely be a sign of personality flaws．He has found that humor is a double－edged sword．It can forge better relationships and help you cope with life，or it can be corrosive，eating away at self－esteem and irritating others．“It’s a form of communication，like speech，and we all use it differently，” says Martin．We use bonding humor to enhance our social connections，but we also may employ it as a way of excluding or rejecting an outsider．Though humor is essentially social，how you use it says a lot about your sense of self．Those who use self－defeating humor，making fun of themselves for the enjoyment of others，tend to maintain that hostility toward themselves even when alone．Similarly，those who are able to view the world with amused tolerance are often equally forgiving of their own shortcomings．Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard．9．How do people today view humor according to the speaker?10．What did the ancient Greeks think of humor?11．What has psychologist Rod Martin found about humor?Passage Two （female voice）And now，if you’ll walk this way，ladies and gentlemen，the next room we’re going to see is the room in which the family used to hold their formal dinner parties and even occasionally entertain heads of state and royalty．However，they managed to keep this room friendly and intimate and I think you’ll agree it has a very informal atmosphere，quite unlike some grand houses you visit．The curtains were never drawn，even at night，so guests got a view of the lake and fountains outside，which were lit up at night．A very attractive sight．As you can see，ladies and gentlemen，the guests were seated very informally around this oval table，which would add to the relaxed atmosphere．The table dates from the eighteenth century and is made of Spanish oak．I t’s rather remarkable for the fact that although it is extremely big，it’s supported by just six rather slim legs．However，it seems to have survived like that for two hundred years，so it’s probably going to last a bit longer．The chairs which go with the table are not a complete set—there were originally six of them．They are interesting for the fact that they are very plain and undecorated for the time，with only one plain central panel at the back and no arm－rests．I myself find them rather uncomfortable to sit in for very long，but people were used to more discomfort in the past．And now，ladies and gentlemen，if you’d like to follow me into the Great Hall …Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard．12．What do we learn about the speaker?13．What does the speaker say about the room they are visiting?14．What is said about the oval table in the room?15．What does the speaker say about the chairs?Section CDirections：In this section，you will hear recordings of lectures or talks followed by some questions．The recordings will be played only once．After you hear a question，you mustchoose the best answer from the four choices marked A），B），C）and D）．Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre．Now listen to the following recording and answer questions 16 to 19．Moderator：Hello Ladies and Gentleman，it gives me great pleasure to introduce our keynote speaker for today’s se ssion，Dr．Howard Miller．Dr．Miller，Professor of Sociology at Washington University，has written numerous articles and books on the issues facing older Americans in our graying society for the past 15 years．Dr．Miller：Dr．Miller：Thank you for that introduction．Today，I’d like to preface my remarks with a story from my own life which I feel highlights the common concerns that bring us here together．Several years ago when my grandparents were well into their eighties，they were faced with the reality of no longer being able to adequately care for themselves．My grandfather spoke of his greatest fear，that of leaving the only home they had known for the past 60 years．Fighting back the tears，he spoke proudly of the fact that he had built their home from the ground up，and that he had pounded every nail and laid every brick in the process．The prospect of having to sell their home and give up their independence，and move into a retirement home was an extremely painful experience for them．It was，in my grandfather’s own words，like having a limb cut off．He exclaimed in a forceful manner that he felt he wasn’t important anymore．For them and some older Americans，their so－called “golden years” are at times not sopleasant，for this period can m ean the decline of not only one’s health but the loss of identity and self－worth．In many societies，this self－identity is closely related with our social status，occupation，material possessions，or independence．Furthermore，we often live in societies th at value what is “new” or in fashion，and our own usage of words in the English language is often a sign of bad news for older Americans．I mean how would your family react if you came home tonight exclaiming，“Hey，come to the living room and see the OLD black and white TV I brought！” Unfortunately，the word “old” calls to mind images of the need to replace or discard．Now，many of the lectures given at this conference have focused on the issues of pension reform，medical care，and the development of public facilities for senior citizens．And while these are vital issues that must be addressed，I’d like to focus my comments on an important issue that will affect the overall success of the other programs mentioned．This has to do with changing our perspectives on what it means to be a part of this group，and finding meaningful roles the elderly can play and should play in our societies．First of all，I’d like to talk about ．．．16．What does the introduction say about Dr．Howard Miller’s articles and books?17．What is the greatest fear of Dr．Miller’s grandfather?18．What does Dr．Miller say the “golden years” can often mean?19．What is the focus of Dr．Miller’s speech?Now listen to the following recording and answer questions 20 to 22．The 2010 Global Hunger Index report was released today by the International Food PolicyResearch Institute （IFPRI）．It notes that，in recent years，experts have come to the conclusion that undernourishment between conception and a child’s second birthday can have serious and long－lasting impacts．Undernourishment during this approximately 1，000－day window can seriously check the growth and development of children and render them more likely to get sick and die than well－fed children．Preventing hunger allows children to develop both physically and mentally．Says IFPRI’s Marie Ruel，“They will be more likely to perform well in school．They will stay in school longer．And then at adulthood，IFPRI has actually demonstrated that children who were better nourished have higher wages，by a pretty large margin，by 46 percent．”Ruel says that means the productivity of a nation’s future generations depends in a large part on the first 1，000 days of life．“This is why we’re all on board in focusing on those thousand days to improve nutrition．After that，the damage is done and is highly irreversible．”The data on nutrition and childhood development has been slowly coming together for decades．But Ruel says scientific consensus alone will not solve the problem．“It’s not enough that nutritionists know you have to intervene then，if we don’t have the politicians on board，and also the．．．people that implement [programs] in the field．”Ruel says there are encouraging signs that politicians and implementers are beginning to get on board．Many major donors and the United Nations are targeting hunger－relief programs at pregnant women and young children．They focus on improving diets or providing micro－food supplements．They improve access to pre－birth care and encourage exclusive breastfeeding forthe first six months of a child’s life．Ruel says in the 1980s Thailand was able to reduce child undernourishment by recruiting a large number of volunteers to travel the countryside teaching about health and nutrition．“They really did very active promotion of diversity in the diet and good eating habits．So they were providing more food to people，but also educating people on how to use them，and also educating people on how to feed their young children．”Ruel says countries may take different approaches to reducing child undernutrition．But she says nations will not make progress fighting hunger and poverty until they begin to focus on those critical first thousand days．20．What is the experts’ conclusion regarding children’s undernourishment in their earliest days of life?21．What does IFPRI’s Marie Ruel say about well－fed children in their adult life?22．What did Thailand do to reduce child undernourishment in the 1980s?Now listen to the following recording and answer questions 23 to 25．I’d like to look at a vital aspect of e－commerce，and that is the nature of the product or service．There are certain products and services that are very suitable for selling online，and others that simply don’t work．Suitable products generally have a high value－to－weight ratio．Items such as CDs and DVDs are obvious examples．Books，although heavier and so more expensive to post，stilll have a high enough value－to－weight ratio，as the success of Amazon，which started off selling only books，shows．Laptop computers are another good product for selling online．Digital products，such as software，films and music，can be sold in a purely virtual environment．The goods are paid for by online transactions，and then downloaded onto the buyer’s computer．There are no postage or delivery costs，so prices can be kept low．Many successful virtual companies provide digital services，such as financial transactions，in the case of Paypal，or means of communication，as Skype does．The key to success here is providing an easy－to－use，reliable service．Do this and you can easily become the market leader，as Skype has proved．Products which are potentially embarrassing to buy also do well in the virtual environment．Some of the most profitable e－commerce companies are those selling sex－related products or services．For a similar reason，online gambling is highly popular．Products which are usually considered unsuitable for selling online include those that have a taste or smell component．Food，especially fresh food，falls into this category，along with perfume．Clothes and other items that need to be tried on such as diamond rings and gold necklaces are generally not suited to virtual retailing，and，of course，items with a low value－to－weight ratio．There are exceptions，though．Online grocery shopping has really taken off，with most major supermarkets offering the service．The inconvenience of not being able to see the food you are buying is outweighed by the time saved and convenience of having the goods delivered．Typical users of online supermarkets include the elderly，people who work long hours and those without their own transport．23 What is important to the success of an online store?24 What products are unsuitable for selling online?25Who are more likely to buy groceries online?参考答案Part II Listening ComprehensionSection A1． C 2． B 3． C 4． D 5． D6． B 7． A 8． CSection B9． D 10． B 11． A 12． A 13． B14． C 15． DSection C16． B 17． D 18． A 19． C 20． A21． B 22． C 23． D 24． A 25．b。
2016年6大学英语六级听力题目答案及原文第1套
Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the center.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1. A) Project organizer. B) Public relations officer.C) Marketing manager. D) Market research consultant.2. A) Quantitative advertising research. B) Questionnaire design.C) Research methodology. D) Interviewer training.3. A) They are intensive studies of people’s spending habits.B) They examine relations between producers and customers.C) They look for new and effective ways to promote products.D) They study trends or customer satisfaction over a long period.4. A) The lack of promotion opportunity. B) Checking charts and tables.C) Designing questionnaires. D) The persistent intensity. Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5. A) His view on Canadian universities.B) His understanding of higher education.C) His suggestions for improvements in higher education.D) His complaint about bureaucracy in American universities.6. A) It is well designed. B) It is rather inflexible.C) It varies among universities. D) It has undergone great changes.7. A) The United States and Canada can learn from each other.B) Public universities are often superior to private universities.C) Everyone should be given equal access to higher education.D) Private schools work more efficiently than public institutions.8. A) University systems vary from country to country.B) Efficiency is essential to university management.C) It is hard to say which is better, a public university or a private one.D) Many private universities in the US are actually large bureaucracies.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the center.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡 1 上作答。
2016年6月英语六级真题(全三套+详细答案)
2016年6月英语六级真题第一套Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the use of robots. Try to imagine what will happen when more and more robots take the place of human beings in industry as well as people's daily lives. You are requried to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1. A)Project organizerB)Public relations officer.C)Marketing manager.D)Market research consultant.2.A)Quantitative advertising research.B)Questionnaire design.C)Research methodology.D)Interviewer training.3.A)They are intensive studies of people’s spending habits.B)They examine relations between producers and customers.C)They look for new and effective ways to promote products.D)They study trends or customer satisfaction over a long period.4.A)The lack of promotion opportunity.B)Checking charts and tables.C)Designing questionnaires.D)The persistent intensity.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5.A)His view on Canadian universities.B)His understanding of higher education.C)His suggestions for improvements in higher education.D)His complaint about bureaucracy in American universities.6.A)It is well designed.B)It is rather inflexible.C)It varies among universities.D)It has undergone great changes.7.A)The United States and Canada can learn from each other.B)Public universities are often superior to private universities.C)Everyone should be given equal access to higher education.D)Private schools work more efficiently than public institutions.8.A) University systems vary from country to country.B)Efficiency is essential to university management.C) It is hard to say which is better, a public university or a private one.D) Many private university in the U.S. Are actually large bureaucracies.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.9.A) Government’s role in resolving an economic crisis.B) The worsening real wage situation around the worldC) Indications of economic recovery in the United States.D) The impact of the current economic crisis on people’s life.10.A)They will feel less pressure to raise employees’wages.B) They will feel free to choose the most suitable employees.C) They will feel inclined to expand their business operations.D) They will feel more confident in competing with their rivals.11.A) Employees and companies cooperate to pull through the economic crisis.B) Government and companies join hands to create hobs for the unemployed.C) Employees work shorter hours to avoid layoffs.D) Team work will be encouraged in companies.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.12.A) Whether memory supplements work.B) Whether herbal medicine works wonders.C) Whether exercise enhances one’s memory.D) Whether a magic memory promises success.13.A) They help the elderly more than the young.B) They are beneficial in one way or another.C) They generally do not have side effects.D) They are not based on real science.14.A)They are available at most country fairs.B)They are taken in relatively high dosage.C)They are collected or grown by farmers.D)They are prescribed by trained practitioners.15.A)They have often proved to be as helpful as doing mental exercise.B)Taking them with other medications might entail unnecessary risks.C)Their effect lasts only a short time.D)Many have benefited from them.Section CDirections:In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16.A)How catastrophic natural disasters turn out to be to developing nations.B)How the World Meteorological Organization studies natural disasters.C)How powerless humans appear to be in face of natural disasters.D)How the negative impacts of natural disasters can be reduced.17.A)By training rescue teams for emergencies.B)By taking steps to prepare people for them.C)By changing people’s views of nature.D)By relocating people to safer places.18.A)How preventive action can reduce the loss of life.B)How courageous Cubans are in face of disasters.C)How Cubans suffer from tropical storms.D)How destructive tropical storms can be.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard.19.A)Pay back their loans to the American government.B)Provide loans to those in severe financial difficulty.C)Contribute more to the goal of a wider recovery.D)Speed up their recovery from the housing bubble.20.A)Some banks may have to merge with others.B)Many smaller regional banks are going to fail.C)It will be hard for banks to provide more loans.D)Many banks will have to lay off some employees.21.A)It will work closely with the government.B)It will endeavor to write off bad loans.C)It will try to lower the interest rate.D)It will try to provide more loans.22.A)It won’t help the American economy to turn around.B)It won’t do any good to the major commercial banks.C)It will win the approval of the Obama administration.D)It will be necessary if the economy starts to shrink again.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.23.A)Being unable to learn new things.B)Being rather slow to make changes.C)Losing temper more and more often.D)Losing the ability to get on with others.24.A)Cognitive stimulation.B)Community activity.C)Balanced diet.D)Fresh air.25.A)Ignoring the signs and symptoms of aging.B)Adopting an optimistic attitude towards life.C)Endeavoring to give up unhealthy lifestyles.D)Seeking advice from doctors from time to time.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each itemon Answer Sheet 2with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Pursuing a career is an essential part of adolescent development.“The adolescent becomes an adult when he_26_a real job.”To cognitive researchers likePiaget,adulthood meant the beginning of an_27_.Piaget argued that once adolescents enter the world of work,their newly acquired ability to form hypotheses allows them to create representations that are too ideal.The_28_of such ideals,without the tempering of the reality of a job or profession,rapidly leads adolescents to become _29_ of the non-idealistic world and to press for reform in a characteristically adolescent way.Piaget said:“True adaptation to society comes_30_when the adolescent reformer attempts to put his ideas to work.”Of course,youthful idealism is often courageous,and no one likes to give up dreams.Perhaps,taken_31_out of context,Piaget’s statement seems harsh.What he was_32_，however,is the way reality can modify idealistic views.Some people refer to such modification as maturity.Piaget argued that attaining and accepting a vocation is one of the best ways to modify idealized views and to mature.As careers and vocations become less available during times of _33_,adolescents may be especially hard hit.Such difficult economic times may leave many adolescents_34_about their roles in society.For this reason,community interventions and government job programs that offer summer and vacation work are not only economically_35_but also help to stimulate the adolescent’s sense of worth.A)automaticallyB)beneficialC)capturingD)confusedE)emphasizingF)entranceG)excitedH)existenceI)incidentallyJ)intolerantK)occupationL)promisesM)recessionN)slightlyO)undertakesSection BDirections:In this section,you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Can societies be rich and green?[A]“If our economies are to flourish,if global poverty is to be eliminated and if the well-being of the world’s people enhanced—not just in this generation but in succeeding generations—we must make sure we take care of the natural environment and resources on which our economic activity depends.”That statement comes not,as you might imagine,from a stereotypicaltree-hugging,save-the-world greenie(环保主义者),but from Gordon Brown,a politician with a reputation for rigour,thoroughness and above all,caution.[B]A surprising thing for the man who runs one of the world’s most powerful economies to say?Perhaps;though in the run-up to the five-year review of the Millennium(千年的)Goals,he is far from alone.The roots of his speech,given in March at the roundtable meeting of environment and energy ministers from the G20 group of nations,stretch back to 1972,and the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment in Stockholm.[C]“The protection and improvement of the human environment is a major issue which affects the well-being of peoples and economic development throughout the world,”read the final declaration from this gathering,the first of a sequence which would lead to the Rio de Janeiro Earth Summit in 1992 and the World Development Summit in Johannesburg three years ago.[D]Hunt through the reports prepared by UN agencies and development groups —many for conferences such as this year’s Millennium Goals review—and you will find that the linkage between environmental protection and economic progress is a common thread.[E]Managing ecosystems sustainably is more profitable than exploitingthem,according to the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment.But finding hard evidence to support the thesis is not so easy.Thoughts turn first to some sort of global statistic,some indicator which would rate the wealth of nations in both economic and environmental terms and show a relationship between the two.[F]If such an indicator exists,it is well hidden.And on reflection,this is not surprising;the single word“environment”has so many dimensions,and there are so many other factors affecting wealth—such as the oil deposits—that teasing out a simple economy-environment relationship would be almost impossible.[G]The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment,a vast four-year global study which reported its initial conclusions earlier this year,found reasons to believe that managing ecosystems sustainably—working with nature rather than against it—might be less profitable in the short term,but certainly brings long-term rewards.[H]And the World Resources Institute(WRI)in its World Resources 2005report,issued at the end of August,produced several such examples from Africa and Asia;it also demonstrated that environmental degradation affects the poor more than the rich,as poorer people derive a much higher proportion of their income directly from the natural resources around them.[I]But there are also many examples of growing wealth by trashing the environment,in rich and poor parts of the world alike,whether through unregulated mineral extraction,drastic water use for agriculture,slash-and-burn farming,orfossil-fuel-guzzling(大量消耗)transport.Of course,such growth may not persist in the long term—which is what Mr.Brown and the Stockholm declaration were both attempting to point out.Perhaps the best example of boom growth and bust decline is the Grand Banks fishery.For almost five centuries a very large supply of cod(鳕鱼)provided abundant raw material for an industry which at its peak employed about 40,000 people,sustaining entire communities in Newfoundland.Then,abruptly,the cod population collapsed.There were no longer enough fish in the sea for the stock to maintain itself,let alone an industry.More than a decade later,there was no sign of the ecosystem re-building itself.It had,apparently,been fished out of existence;and the once mighty Newfoundland fleet now gropes about frantically for crab on the sea floor.[J]There is a view that modern humans are inevitably sowing the seed of a global Grand Banks-style disaster.The idea is that we are taking more out of what you might call the planet’s environmental bank balance than it can sustain;we are living beyond our ecological means.One recent study attempted to calculate the extent of this“ecological overshoot of the human economy”,and found that we are using 1.2 Earth’s-worth of environmental goods and services—the implication being that at some point the debt will be called in,and all those services—the things which the planet does for us for free—will grind to a halt.[K]Whether this is right,and if so where and when the ecological axe will fall,is hard to determine with any precision—which is why governments and financial institutions are only beginning to bring such risks into their economic calculations.It is also the reason why development agencies are not united in their view of environmental issues;while some,like the WRI,maintain that environmental progress needs to go hand-in-hand with economic development,others argue that the priority is to build a thriving economy,and then use the wealth created to tackle environmental degradation.[L]This view assumes that rich societies will invest in environmental care.But is this right?Do things get better or worse as we get richer? Here the Stockholmdeclaration is ambiguous.“In the developing countries,”it says,“most of the environmental problems are caused by under-development.”So it is saying that economic development should make for a cleaner world?Not necessarily;“In the industralised countries,environmental problems are generally related to industrialisation and technological development,”it continues.In other words,poor and rich both over-exploit the natural world,but for different reasons.It’s simply not true that economic growth will surely make our world cleaner.[M]Clearly,richer societies are able to provide environmental improvements which lie well beyond the reach of poorer communities.Citizens of wealthy nations demand national parks,clean rivers,clean air and poison-free food.Theyalso,however,use far more natural resources-fuel,water(all those baths and golf courses)and building materials.[N]A case can be made that rich nations export environmental problems,the most graphic example being climate change.As a country’s wealth grows,so do its greenhouse gas emissions.The figures available will not be completelyaccurate.Measuring emissions is not a precise science, particularly when it comes to issues surrounding land use;not all nations have re-leased up-to-date data,and in any case,emissions from some sectors such as aviation are not included in national statistics.But the data is exact enough for a clear trend to be easily discernible.As countries become richer,they produce more greenhouse gases;and the impact of those gases will fall primarily in poor parts of the world.[O]Wealth is not,of course,the only factor involved.The average Norwegian is better off than the average US citizen,but contributes about half as much to climate change.But could Norway keep its standard of living and yet cut its emissions to Moroccan or even Ethiopian levels?That question,repeated across a dozen environmental issues and across our diverse planet,is what will ultimately determine whether the human race is living beyond its ecological means as it pursues economic revival.36.Examples show that both rich and poor countries exploited the environmentfor economic progress.37.Environmental protection and improvement benefit people all over the world.38.It is not necessarily true that economic growth will make our world cleaner.39.The common theme of the UN reports is the relation between environmental protection and economic growth.40.Development agencies disagree regarding how to tackle environment issues while ensuring economic progress.41.It is difficult to find solid evidence to prove environmental friendliness generates more profits than exploiting the natural environment.42.Sustainable management of ecosystems will prove rewarding in the long run.43.A politician noted for being cautious asserts that sustainable human development depends on the natural environment.44.Poor countries will have to bear the cost for rich nations’economic development.45.One recent study warns us of the danger of the exhaustion of natural resources on Earth.Section CDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Interactive television advertising, which allows viewers to use their remote controls to click on advertisements, has been pushed for years. Nearly a decade ago it was predicted that viewers of “Friends”, a popular situation comedy, would soon be able to purchase a sweater like Jennifer Aniston’s with a few taps on their remotecontrol.“It’s been the year of interactive television advertising for the last ten or twelve years,”says Colin Dixon of a digital-media consultancy.So the news that Cablevision, and American cable company, was rolling out interactive advertisements to all its customers on October 6th was greeted with some skepticism. During commercials, an overlay will appear at the bottom of the screen, prompting viewers to press a button to request a free sample or order a catalogue. Cablevision hopes to allow customers to buy things with their remote controls early next year.Television advertising could do with a boost. Spending fell by 10% in the first half of the year. The popularization of digital video recorders has caused advertisers to worry that their commercials will be skipped. Some are turning to the Internet, which is cheaper and offers concrete measurements like click-through rates—especially important at a time when marketing budgets are tight. With the launch of interactive advertising,“many of the dollars that went to the Internet will come back to the TV,”says David Kline of Cablevision. Or so the industry hopes.In theory, interactive advertising can engage viewers in a way that 30-second spots do not. Unilever recently ran an interactive campaign for its Axe deodorant(除臭剂)，which kept viewers engaged for more than three minutes on average.The amount spent on interactive advertising on television is still small. Magna, an advertising agency, reckons it will be worth about $138 million this year. That falls far short of the billions of dollars people once expected it to generate. But DirecTV, Comcast and Time Warner Cable have all invested in it. A new effort led by Canoe Ventures, a coalition of leading cable providers, aims to make interactive advertising available across America later this year. BrightLine iTV, Which designs and sells interactive ads, says interest has surged: it expects its revenues almost to triple this year. BSkyB, Britain’s biggest satellite-television service, already provides 9 million customers with interactive ads.Yet there are doubts whether people watching television, a“lean back”medium, crave interaction. Click-through rates have been high so far(around 3-4%, compared with less than 0.3% online), but that may be a result of the novelty. Interactive adsand viewers might not go well together.46.What does Colin Dixon mean by saying“It’s been the year of interactive television advertising for the last ten or twelve years”(Lines 4-5, Para.1)?A)Interactive television advertising will become popular in 10-12 years.B)Interactive television advertising has been under debate for the last decade or so.C)Interactive television advertising is successful when incorporated into situation comedies.D)Interactive television advertising has not achieved the anticipated results.47.What is the public’s response to Cablevision’s planned interactive TV advertising program?A)Pretty positive.B)Totally indifferent.C)Somewhat doubtful.D)Rather critical.48.What is the impact of the wide use of digital video recorders on TV advertising?A)It has made TV advertising easily accessible to viewers.B)It helps advertisers to measure the click-through rates.C)It has placed TV advertising at a great disadvantage.D)It enables viewers to check the sales items with ease.49.What do we learn about Unilever’s interactive campaign?A)It proves the advantage of TV advertising.B)It has done well in engaging the viewers.C)It helps attract investments in the company.D)it has boosted the TV advertising industry.50.How does the author view the hitherto high click-through rates?A)They may be due to the novel way of advertising.B)They signify the popularity of interactive advertising.C)They point to the growing curiosity ofTV viewers.D)They indicate the future direction of media reform.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.What can be done about mass unemployment? All the wise heads agree: there’re no quick or easy answers. There’s work to be done, but workers aren’t ready to do it—they’re in the wrong places, or they have the wrong skills, Our problems are “structural,”and will take many years to solve.But don’t bother asking for evidence that justifies this bleak view. There isn’t any. On the contrary, all the facts suggest that high unemployment in America is the result of inadequate demand. saying that there’re no easy answers sounds wise. But it’s actually foolish: our unemployment crisis could be cured very quickly if we had the intellectual clarity and political will to act. In other words, structural unemployment is a fake problem, which mainly serves as an excuse for not pursing real solutions.The fact is job openings have plunged in every major sector, while the number of workers forced into part-time employment in almost all industries has soared. Unemployment has surged in every major occupational category. Only three states. With a combined population not much larger than that of Brooklyn, have unemployment rates below 5%. So the evidence contradicts the claim that we’re mainly suffering from structural unemployment. Why, then, has this claim become so popular?Part of the answer is that this is what always happens during periods of high unemployment—in part because experts and analysts believe that declaring the problem deeply rooted, with no easy answers, makes them sound serious.I’ve been looking at what self-proclaimed experts were saying about unemployment during the Great Depression; it was almost identical to what Very Serious People are saying now. Unemployment cannot be brought down rapidly, declared one 1935 analysis, because the workforce is“unadaptable and untrained. Itcannot respond to the opportunities which industry may offer.”A few years later, a large defense buildup finally provided a fiscal stimulus adequate to the economy’s needs—and suddenly industry was eager to employ those“unadaptable and untrained”workers.But now, as then, powerful forces are ideologically opposed to the whole idea of government action on a sufficient scale to jump-start the economy. And that, fundamentally, is why claims that we face huge structural problems have been multiplying: they offer a reason to do nothing about the mass unemployment that is crippling out economy and our society.So what you need to know is that there’s no evidence whatsoever to back these claims. We aren’t suffering from a shortage of needed skills, We’re suffering from a lack of policy resolve. As I said, structural unemployment isn’t a real problem, it’s an excuse—a reason not to act on America’s problems at a time when action is desperately needed.51.What does the author think is the root cause of mass unemployment in America?A)Corporate mismanagement.B)Insufficient demand.C)Technological advances.D)Workers’slow adaptation.52.What does the author think of the experts’claim concerning unemployment?A)Self-evident.B)Thought-provoking.C)Irrational.D)Groundless.53.What does the author say helped bring down unemployment during the Great Depression?A)The booming defense industry.B)The wise heads’benefit package.C)Nationwide training of workers.D)Thorough restructuring of industries.54.What has caused claims of huge structural problems to multiply?A)Powerful opposition to government’s stimulus efforts.B)Very Serious People’s attempt to cripple the economy.C)Evidence gathered from many sectors of the industries.D)Economists’failure to detect the problems in time.55.What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?A)To testify to the experts’analysis of America’s problems.B)To offer a feasible solution to the structural unemployment.C)To show the urgent need for the government to take action.D)To alert American workers to the urgency for adaptation.Part IV Translation (30minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.中国的创新正以前所未有的速度蓬勃发展。
2016年6月大学英语六级考试真题听力原文及参考答案(第2套)
2016年6月大学英语六级考试真题（第2套）参考答案Part I WritingE-learning is getting more and more popular with each passing day. For example, some college students use E-learning to supplement their school curriculum; more and more corporations offer online training for their employees.Undoubtedly, e-learning has its distinctive advantages over any other type of learning. First and foremost, it is convenient and flexible since it allows users to learn at a time and place of the users’ choosing as long as they own a computer and have an Internet connection. Another major benefit of e-learning is the accessibility it provides. For instance, students can take online courses given by prestigious professors at home and abroad. In addition, e-learning is cost effective. This is especially true for corporate training, because travel and accommodation expenses for trainers and employees can be cut. However, e-learning is far from for trainers and employees can be cut. However, e-learning is far from “one size fits all”. It doesn’t fit people who lack self-discipline and have difficulty in time management. Besides, people who value face-to-face interaction with their teachers and classmates may also find online learning unsatisfactory.From my point of view, although e-learning has changed both education and corporate training, it will not replace the traditional in-class learning, but function as a complementary type of learning.Part IV TranslationShenzhen is a newly-developed city in Guangdong Province of China. It was only a fishing village of more than 30,000 people before the Reform and Opening up. In the 1980s, Chinese governmentestablished Shenzhen Special Economic Zone as the experimental plot to implement market-oriented economy with socialist features. Now, Shenzhen, with a population of over 10 million, has witnessed dramatic changes.By 2014, the per-capital GDP of Shenzhen has reached 26 thousand dollars, the level of some developed countries in the world. In terms of the overall economic power, Shenzhen is listed among the top cities in China as well. Due to its unique status, the city is also an ideal place for the entrepreneurs at home and abroad to start their businesses.Part ⅡListening Comprehension听力原文Section AQuestions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.W: So, Mike, you manage the innovation project at CucinTech.M: I did indeed.W: Well then, first, congratulations. It seems to have been very successful.M: Thanks. Yes, I really help things turn around at CucinTech.W: Was the revival in their fortunes entirely due to strategic innovation?M: Yes, yes, I think it was. CucinTech was a company who were very much following the pack, doing what everyone else was doing and getting rapidly left behind. I could see there was a lot of talent there, and some great potential, particularly in their product development. I just had to harness that somehow.W: Was innovation at the core of the project?M: Absolutely. If it doesn’t sound like too much of a cliché, our world is constantly changing and it’s changing quickly. We need to be innovating constantly to keep up with this. Stand still and you are lost.W: No stopping to sniff the roses?M: Well, I’ll do that in my personal life. Sure. But as a business strategy, I’m afraid there is no stopping.W: What exactly is strategic innovation then?M: Strategic innovation is the process of managing innovation, of making sure it takes place at all levels of the company, and that is related to the company’s overall strategy.W: I see.M: So, instead of innovation for innovation’s sake and new products being created simply because the technology is there, the company culture must switch from these pointing-time innovations to continuous pipeline of innovations from everywhere and everyone.W: How did you align strategies throughout the company?M: I soon became aware that campaigning is useless. People take no notice. Simply, it came about through good practice trickling down. This built consent. People could see it was the best way to work.W: Does innovation on the skill really give a competitive advantage?M: I am certain of it, absolutely, especially if it’s difficult for a competitor to copy. The risk is of course that innovation may frequently lead to imitation.W: But not if it’s strategic?M: Precisely.W: Thanks for talking to us.M: Sure.1. What seems to have been very successful according to the woman speaker?2. What did the company lack before the man’s scheme was implemented?3. What does the man say he should do in his business?4. What does the man say is the risk of innovation?Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.M: Today, my guest is Dayna Ivanovich who has worked for the last twenty years as an interpreter. Dayna, welcome.W: Thank you.M: Now, I’d like to begin by saying that I have on occasions used an interpreter myself as a foreign correspondent. So I am full of admiration for what you do, but I think your profession is sometimes underrated, and many people think anyone who speaks more than one language can do it.W: There aren’t any interpreters I know who don’t have professional qualifications and training. You only really get proficient after many years in the job.M: And I’m right in saying you can divide what you do into two distinct methods —simultaneous and consecutive interpreting.W: That’s right. The techniques you use are different, and a lot of interpreters will say one is easier than the other, less stressful.M: Simultaneous interpreting, putting someone’s words into another language more or less as they speak, sounds to me like the more difficult.W: Well, actually no. Most people in the business would agree that consecutive interpreting is the more stressful. You have to wait for the speaker to deliver quite a chunk of language before you then put it into the second language, which puts your short-term memory under intense stress. M: You make notes, I presume.W: Absolutely, anything like numbers, names, places have to be noted down. But the rest is never translated word for word. You have to find a way of summarizing it, so that the message is there. Turning every single word into the target language would put too much strain on the interpreter and slow down the whole process too much.M: But, with simultaneous interpreting, you start translating almost as soon as the other person starts speaking. You must have some preparation beforehand.W: Well, hopefully, the speakers will let you have an outline of the topic a day or two in advance.You have a little time to do research, prepare technical expressions and so on.5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?6. What does the man think of Dayna’s profession?7. What does Dayna say about the interpreters she knows?8. What do most interpreters think of consecutive interpreting?Section BQuestions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.Mothers have been warned for years that sleeping with their newborn infant is a bad idea, because it increases the risk that the baby might die unexpectedly during the night. But now Israeli researchers are reporting that even sleeping in the same room can have negative consequences: not for the child, but for the mother. Mothers who slept in the same room as their infants, whether in the same bed or just the same room, had poorer sleep than mothers whose babies slept elsewhere in the house: They woke up more frequently, were awake approximately 20 minutes longer per night, and had shorter periods of uninterrupted sleep. These results held true even taking into account that many of the women in the study were breast-feeding their babies. Infants, on the other hand, didn’t appear to have worse sleep whether they slept in the same or different room from their mothers. The researchers acknowledge that since the families they studied were all middle-class Israelis, it’s possible the results would be different in different cultures. Lead author, Liat Tikotzky, wrote in an email that the research team also didn’t measure fathers’ sleep, so it’s possible that their sleep patterns could also be causing the sleep disruptions for moms. Right now, to reduce the risk of sudden infant death syndrome, the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that mothers not sleep in the same bed as their babies but sleep in the same room. The Israeli study suggests that doing so maybe best for the baby, but may take a toll on mom.9. What is the long-held view about mother sleeping with newborn babies?10. What do Israeli researchers’ findings show?11. What does the American Academy of Pediatrics recommend mothers do?Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.The US has already lost more than a third of the native languages that existed before European colonization, and the remaining 192 are classed by UNESCO as ranging between “unsafe” and “extinct”. “We need more funding and more effort to return these languages to everyday use,” says Fred Nahwoosky of the National Museum of the American Indian. “We are making progress but money needs to be spent on revitalising languages, not just documenting them.” Some 40 languages, mainly in California and Oklahoma where thousands of Indians were forced to relocate in the 19th century, have fewer than 10 native speakers. “Part of the issue is that tribal groups themselves don’t always believe their languages are endangered until they’re down to the last handful of speakers. But progress is being made through immersion schools, because ifyou teach children when they’re young it will stay with them as adults and that’s the future,” says Mr. Nahwoosky, a Comanche Indian. Such schools have become a model in Hawaii. But the islanders’ local language is still classed by UNESCO as “critically endangered” because only 1,000 people speak it. The decline in American Indian languages has historical roots: In the mid-19th century, the US government adopted a policy of Americanising Indian children by removing them from their homes and culture. Within a few generations most had forgotten their native tongues. Another challenge to language survival is television. It has brought English into homes and pushed out traditional story-telling and family time together, accelerating the extinction of native languages.12. What do we learn from the report?13. For what purpose does Fred Nahwoosky appeal for more funding?14. What is the historical cause of the decline in American Indian languages?15. What does the speaker say about television?Section CQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.Gregg Rosen lost his job as a sales manager nearly three years ago and is still unemployed.“It literally is like something in a dream, to remember what it’s like to actually be able to go out, and put in a day’s work and receive a day’s pay.”At first, Rosen bought groceries and made house payments with the help from unemployment insurance. It pays laid off workers up to half of their previous wages while they look for work. But now, that insurance has run out for him, and he has to make tough choices. He’s cut back on medications and he no longer helps support his disabled mother.It is a devastating experience.New research says the US recession is now over, but many people remain unemployed. And unemployed workers face difficult odds.There is literally only one job opening for every five unemployed workers, so four out of five unemployed workers have actually no chance of finding a new job.Businesses have downsized or shut down across America, leaving fewer job opportunities for those in search of work. Experts who monitor unemployment statistics here in Bucks County, Pennsylvania, say about 28,000 people are unemployed, and many of them are jobless due to no fault of their own.That’s where the Bucks County’s CareerLink comes in. Local director Elizabeth Walsh says they provide training and guidance to help unemployed workers find local job opportunities.“So here’s the job opening, here’s the job seeker, match them together under one roof,” she says.But the lack of work opportunities in Bucks County limits how much she can help.Rosen says he hopes Congress will take action.This month he launched the 99ers Union, an umbrella organization of 18 Internet-based grass roots groups of 99ers. Their goal is to convince lawmakers to extend unemployment benefits.But Pennsylvania State Representative Scott Petri says governments simply do not have enough money to extend unemployment insurance. He thinks the best way to help the long-term unemployed is to allow private citizens to invest in local companies that can create more jobs. But the boost in investor confidence needed for the plan to work will take time —time that Rosen says still requires him to buy food and make monthly mortgage payments.Rosen says he’ll use the last of his savings to try to hang onto the homehe worked for more than 20 years to buy. But once that money is gone, he says he doesn’t know what he’ll do.16. How does unemployment insurance help the unemployed?17. What is local director Elizabeth Walsh of the Bucks County CareerLink doing?18. What does Pennsylvania State Representative Scott Petri say is the best way to help the long-term unemployed?Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard.Earlier this year, British explorer Pen Hadow and his team trekked for three months across the frozen Arctic Ocean, taking measurements and recording observations about the ice.“Well, we’d been led to believe that we would encounter a good proportion of this older, thicker, technically multi-year ice that’s been around for a few years and just gets thicker and thicker. We actually found there wasn’t any multi-year ice at all.”Satellite observations and submarine surveys over the past few years had shown less ice in the polar region, but the recent measurements show the loss is more pronounced than previously thought.“We’re looking at roughly 80 percent loss of ice cover on the Arctic Ocean in 10 years, roughly 10 years, and 100 percent loss in nearly 20 years.”Cambridge scientist Peter Wadhams, who’s been measuring and monitoring the Arctic since 1971 says the decline is irreversible.“The more you lose, the more open water is created, the more warming goes on in that open water during the summer, the less ice forms in the winter, the more melt there is the following summer. It becomes a breakdown process where everything ends up accelerating until it’s all gone.”Martin Sommerkorn runs the Arctic program for the environmental charity—the World Wildlife Fund.“The Arctic sea ice holds a central position in the Earth’s climate system and it’s deteriorating faster than expected. Actually, it has to translate into more urgency to deal with the climate change problem and reduce emissions.”Summerkorn says a plan to reduce greenhouse gas emissions blamed for global warming needs to come out of the Copenhagen climate change summit in December.“We have to basically achieve there, the commitment to deal with the problem now. That’sthe minimum. We have to do that equitably and we have to find a commitment that is quick.”Wadhams echoes the need for urgency.“The carbon that we’ve put into the atmosphere keeps having a warming effect for 100 years, so we have to cut back rapidly now, because it will take a long time to work its way through into a response by the atmosphere. We can’t switch off global warming just by being good in the future. We have to start being good now.”Wadhams says there is no easy technological fix to climate change. He and other scientists say there are basically two options to replacing fossil fuels, generating energy with renewables, or embracing nuclear power.19. What did Pen Hadow and his team do in the Arctic Ocean?20. What does the report say about the Arctic region?21. What does Cambridge scientist Peter Wadhams say in his study?22. How does Peter Wadhams view climate change?Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.From a very early age, some children exhibit better self-control than others. Now, a new study that began with about 1,000 children in New Zealand has tracked how a child’s low self-control can predict poor health, money troubles and even a criminal record in their adult years. Researchers have been studying this group of children for decades now. Some of their earliest observations have to do with the level of self-control the youngsters displayed. Parents, teachers, even the kids themselves, scored the youngsters on measures like “acting before thinking” and “persistence in reaching goals”. The children of the study are now adults in their thirties. Terry Moffitt of Duke University and her research colleagues found that kids with self-control issues tended to grow up to become adults with far more troubling set of issues to deal with.“The children who had the lowest self-control when they were aged three to ten, later on had the most health problems in their thirties and they had the worst financial situation and they were more likely to have a criminal record, and to be raising a child as a single parent on a very low income.”Speaking from New Zealand via Skype, Moffitt explained that self-control problems were widely observed, and weren’t just a feature of a small group of misbehaving kids.“Even the children who had above-average self-control as preschoolers could have benefited from more self-control training. They could have improved their financial situation and their physical and mental health situation thirty years later.”So, children with minor self-control problems were likely as adults to have minor health problems, and so on. Moffitt said it’s still unclear why some children have better self-control than others, though she says other researchers have found that it’s mostly a learned behavior, with relatively little genetic influence. But good self-control can be set to run in families in that children who have good self-control are more likely to grow up to be healthy and prosperous parents.“Whereas some of the low self-control study members are more likely to be single parents with a very low income and the parent is in poor health and likely to be a heavy substance abuser. So that’s not a good atmosphere for a child. So it looks as though self-control is something that in one generation can disadvantage the next generation.”But the good news is that Moffitt says self-control can be taught by parents, and through school curricula that have proved to be effective.Terry Moffitt’s paper on “The Link Between Childhood Self-control and Adults’ Status Decades Later” is published in the proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.23. What is the new study about?24. What does the study seem to show?25. What does Moffitt say is the good news from their study?This is the end of listening comprehension。
2016年6月六级听力真题及答案
Conversation One:W: So Mike, youmanaged the innovation project at Two Santack.M: I did indeed.W: Well then, first congratulations. It seemsto have been very successful.M: Thanks, yes. I really help things turnaround at Two Santact.W: What is the revival in their fortune? Didit highly do to a strategic situation?M: Yes, yes I think it was. Santack was a company was much following a pack, doingeveryone else was doing. I getting rapidly left behind. I could see there werea lot of talent there and some great potential. Particularly in their productdevelopment. I just harness that some help.W: Was the innovation the core of the project?M: Absolutely, if it doesn’t sound like too much cliché. Our world isconstantly changing and changing quickly. Mini to be innovating constantly tokeep up with this. Standstill, you stop.W: No stop for sneaking the roses?M: Well, I will do that my personal life sure.But as a business strategy, I’m afraid there is nostopping.W: What exactly is the strategic innovationthen?M: Strategic innovation is the process ofmanaging innovation of making sure to take place all levels of the company andthat is related to the company’s overall strategy.W: I see.M: So, insteadof innovation for innovation sake and new products being simply because of thetechnology is there, the company culture must switch from these pointing timeinnovations to continue high innovation from everywhere and everyone.W: How did you alliance strategy throughoutthe company?M: I soon became aware of the complaintuseless. People take no notice. Simply it came about through the practicetrickling down. This up and set. People could see it was the best work.W: Does innovation on a scale really givecompetitive advantage?M: I am certainof it. Absolutely. Especially it was difficult for a copy. The risk is the corethat the innovation to limitation.W: But now is it strategic?M: precisely.W: Thanks for talking to us.M: Sure.1. Whatseems to have been very successful according to the woman speaker?2. Whatdid the company lack before the company was implemented?3. Whatdid the man say he should do in his business?4. Whatdoes the man say is the risk of the innovation?Longconversation 2M:Todaymy guest is Dana who has worked for thelast twenty years as aninterpreter. Dana, welcome.W:ThankYou.M:Now,I’d like to begin by saying that I haveon the occasions used an interpretermyself as a foreign correspondent.So I’mfull of memo rations for what youdo.6. But Ithink your profession is sometimes underrated and many people thinkanyone whospeaks more than one language can do it.W:Thereare any interpreters I know who don’thave professional qualifications andtraining. You only really get profession aftermany years in the job.M:Andsay you can divide what you do into twodistinct methods simultaneous andconsecutive interpreting.W:That’sright.7.The techniques you use aredifferent.And a lot of interpreters wouldsay one is easier than the other,less stressful.M:Simultaneousinterpreting, putting someone’swords into another language more or less asthey speak, sounds to me like themore difficult.W:Well,actually no.8.Mostpeople in the business would agree that consecutiveinterpreting is the morestressful. You have to wait for the speaker to deliverquite a chunk of languagebefore you then put it into the second language whichputs your short termmemory under in tense stress.M:Youmight know presumably?W:Absolutely.Anythinglike numbers, names,places have to be noted down, but the rest is nevertranslated word for word. You have found theway of summarizing it. So that themessages arethere, turning every single wordinto the target language wouldput too much strain on the interpreter and slowdown the whole process toomuch.M:Butwhile simultaneous interpreting you starttranslating almost as soon as theother person starts speaking, you must havesome preparation beforehand.W:Well,hopefully, the speakers will outline ofthe topic a day or two in advance, youhave a low time to do research preparetechnical expressions and so onQ:5.Whatare the speakers mainly talking about?6.Whatdoesthe man think of Dana’s profession?7.WhatisDana say about the interpreters she knows?8.Whatdo most of interpreters think ofconsecutive interpreting?Section BPassage 1Mothers have been warnedfor yearsthat sleeping with their new born infant isa bad idea because it increases the risk that the baby might die unexpectedlyduring the night.But now Israeli researchers arereporting that even sleeping in the same room canhave negative consequences, not for the child, but for the mother.Mothers who slept in the same room with their infants, whether inthe same bed or just the same room, have poor sleep the mother whose baby sleptelse where in the house. They woke up more frequently or awake approximately 20minutes longer per night and have shorter period of uninterrupted sleep. Theseresults how true even taking into account that many of the women in the studywere breast-feeding their babies. Infants, on the other hand, didn’t appear tohave worse sleep whether they slept in the same or different room from theirmothers. The researchers acknowledge that since the families they studied wereall middle classes Israelis. It is possible that the results will be differentin different cultures. Lead author TTTT wrote in an email that the researchteam also didn’t measure father sleep. So it is possible that patterns couldalso be causing the sleep disruptions for mums. Right now, to reduce the riskof sudden infant death in the room, the AmericanAcademy of PDrecommends the mothers not sleep in the same bed with their babies, but sleepin the same room. The Israeli study suggests thatdoing so, may be best for the baby, but may take at all on mum.9What is the long health viewabout the mother sleeping with new-born babies?10 What do Israeli researchers’ findings show?11What does the American Academy’s PD recommendmothers do?Passage2Passage2The US has already lost more than a third of thenative languages that existed before European colonization and the remaining192 are classed by the UNESCO as ranging between unsafe and extinct."We need more funding and more effortto return these languages to everyday use," says Fred Nowosky of theNational museum of the American Indians, "we are makingprogress, but money needs to be spent on revitalizing languages, not justdocumenting them." Some reported languages mainly in California andOklahoma where thousands of Indians were forced to relocate in the 19th centuryhave fewer than 10 native speakers. Part of the issue is that tribal groupsthemselves don't always believe their languages are endangered until they aredown to the last handful of speakers. "But progress is being made throughemerging schools, because if you teach children when they are young, it willstay with them as adults and that is the future." says Fred Nowosky. Suchschools have become a model in Hawaii, but the islanders' native language arestill classed by the UNESCO as critically endangered because only 1000 peoplespeak it. The decline in the American African languages has historical roots. In the mid 19th century, the US government adopted a policyof Americanizing Indian children by removing them from their homes andcultures. Within a few generations, most have forgotten their native tongues.Another challenge to language survival is television. Ithas brought English into homes, and pushed out traditional storytelling andfamily time together, accelerating the extinction of native languages.Questions 12-15 are based on the passage you just heard.12. What can we learn from the report?13. For what purpose does Fred Nowosky appeal from thefunding?14. What is the historical cause of the decline of theAmerican Indian Languages?15. What does the speaker say about television?Section CLecture oneGragroszen lost her job as a sales managernearly three years ago.and it is still unemployed.it is literally likesomething a dream to remember what it is like to actually be able to go out andit Puts the days to work and receive a day payAt first Rosen made house paymentswith the help unemployment insurance.it pays late of workers to have theirprevious wages law they look for work. But now theinsurance has run out for him and it has to make tough choices. He comes backon medications and he no longer support his disabled mother. It is devastatingexperiences. New researchers says the US recession that is now over. But manypeople remain unemployed and unemployed workers face difficult odds. There isliterally only one job opening for every five unemployed workers. So Four outof five workers have no chance of finding job. Business have down-sized orshutdown across America, leading fewer job opportunities for those in search of work. Experts whomonitor unemployed statistic in box Pennsylvania say about twenty-eightthousand people are unemployed and many of them are jobless do to no force oftheir own.Local directer Elizabeth says theyprovide trading guidance to help find local job opportunity. Sohere is job opening . Here is job seeker. But the lack of work opportunities limit how much she can help. Rosensays he hopes congress will take action.This month, he launched the nineteenunions and organizations of eighteen internet based grass root gross groupsTheir goal is to convince law makers to extendunemployed benefits. But Pennsylvania says government simply do not have enoughmoney to extend unemployment insurance.he thinks thebest way to help long-term unemployed is to allow local company that can createmore jobs . But the boost investigator for the plan to work will taketime Time that Rosen says requires fooda n d p a y m e n t s . R o s e n s a y s w h o u s e s t h e l a s t s t a t i n g t o t r y t o h a n g o n t o h e w o r k e d f o r m o r e t h a n t w e n t y y e a r s t o b u y . B u t o n e s t u d y i s g o n e . H e d o e s n t k n o w w h a t h e l l d o b r b d s f i d = " 1 4 4 " > b r b d s f i d = " 1 4 5 " > 1 6 - 1 8 b r b d s f i d = " 1 4 6 " > 1 6 h o w d o e s t h e u n e m p l o y m e n t i n s u r a n c e h e l p t h e u n e m p l o y e d ? b r b d s f i d = " 1 4 7 " > 1 7 . W h a t i s t h e l o c a l d i r e c t o r E l i z a b e t h o f t h e b o x c o u n t y c a r e e r i n g d o i n g ? b r b d s f i d = " 1 4 8 " > 1 8 . W h a t d o e s P e n n s y l v a n i a s t a t e r e p r e s e n t a t i v e s a y i s t h e b e s t w a y t o h e l p l o n g - t e r m u n e m p l o y e d ? b r b d s f i d = " 1 4 9 " > L e c t u r e 2 : b r bd s f i d = " 1 5 0 " > W : 1 9 . E a r l ie r t h i s y e a r , B r i t i s h e x p l o r e r s P e n H u d d l e a n d h i s t e a m t r i e d t h r ee m o n t h s t o c r o s s t h ef r o z e n A r c t i c o c e a n t a k i ng m e a s u r e m e n t s a n d r e c o r d i n g o b s e r v a t i o n s a b o u t th ei c e . b r b d s f i d = " 1 5 1 " > M : W h i l e w e h a v e b e e n b e l i e v e d t h a t w e w o u l d b e i n a c c o u n t o f a g o o d p r o p o r t i o n o f t h i s o l d e r , t h i c k e r , t e c h n i c a l l y m u l t i - y e a r i c e t h a t h a s b e e n a r o u n d f o r a f e w y e a r s a n dj u s t g e t t h i ck e r a n d t h i c k e r . w e a c t u al l y f i n d t h e r e w a s n t a n ym u l t i - y e a r i c e a t a l l . b r b d s f i d = " 1 5 2 " > W : S o m e o b s e r v a t i on s a n d s u m m e r i n g s e r v i c eo v e r t h ep a s t s e v e r a l y e a r s h a s s h o w n l e s s i c e i n t h e p o l a r r e g i o n . 2 0 . B u t t h e r e c e n t m e a s u r e m e n t s s h o w t h e l o s t i s m o r e p r o n o u n c e d t h a n t h e p r e v i o u s t h o u g h t . b r b d s f i d = " 1 5 3 " > M : W e a r e l o o k i n g a t r o u g h l y 8 0 p e r c e n t l o s s o f i c e c o v e r o n t h e A r c t i c o c e a n i n t e n y e a r s , r o u g h l y t e n y e a r s a n d 1 0 0 p e r c e n t l o s s i n n e a r l y t w e n t y y e a r s . C a m b r i d g e S c i e n t i s t P e t e r W h i t e n s w h o i s m e a s u r i n g t h e f i n d i n g s t h a t i n t h e s u m m e r s e a s o n . 2 1 . B u t r e s e a r c h m a n a g e m e n t s h o w s t h e l o s t o f t h a n p r e v i o u s t h o u g h t . W e a r e r o u g h l y l o o k i n g a t t h e p e r c e n t i c e c o v e r f o r t e n y e a r s . r o u g h l y t e n y e a r s a b o u t 1 0 0 p e r c e n t i n v i s i b l e . T h e m o r e y o u l o s e , t h e m o r e y o u c r e a t e d d u r i n g t h e s u m m i t T h e l e s s f o r m s i n w i n t e r , t h e f o l l o w i n g i n s u m m e r . I t c o m e s d o w n b r a i n s u c c e s s e s u n t i l i t h a s g o n e . e n v i r o n m e n t a l t r e a t y w o r l d w i d e l i k e f u n . T h e a r t i s t s s a y i c e i n t h e s y m p t o m . f a s t t h a n e x p e c t e d . A c t u a l l y , i t h a s t o t r a n s l a t e i n t o m o r e u r g e n c y t o d e a l w i t h c l i m a t e c h a n g i n g p r o b l e m s a n d r e d u c e e m i s s i o n s . G r e e n h o u s e e m i s s i o n s b l a m e f o r g l o b a l w a r m i n g n e e d s t o c o m e o u t t h e b y t h e c h a n g e s u m m i t i n D e c e m b e r . w e h a v e b a s i c a l l y a c h i e v e d t h e r e , t o c o m m u n i c a t e t h e d e a l . t h a t s t h e m i n i m u m . b r b d s f i d = " 1 5 4 " > M : W e h a s t o d o t h a t i n c r e d i b l y . A n d t h a t w e h a v e t o f i n d t h e eq u i p m e n t . W h a t t h e n e e d s ur g e n c y T h e c a r b o n w e p r o d u c e i n t o t h e a t m os p h e r e k e e p st h e w a r m i n g f i r e f o r 1 0 0 0 y e a r s . 2 2 . S o w e h a v e t o c o m e b a c k t h e r a p i d l y n o w . B e c au s e i t t a k e s a l o n g t i m e t o w o r k i t t h r o u g h i n t o o u r r e s p o n s e b y t h e a t m o s p h e r e . W e c a n n o t s w i t c h o f f g l o b a l w a r m i n g . W e h av e t o s t o p b e i n g g o o d i n t h e n e a r f u t u r e . W e h a d t o n ow . T h e r e i s n o t e a s y t e c h n o l o g i c a l W h a t i s m o r e e a s y t o c l i m a t e c h a n g e . H e a n d o t h e r s c i e n t i s t s s a i d t h e r e a r e t h e t w o o p t i o n a l t o r e p l a c e t h e f a s t e n f u e l s . G e n e r a l l y , e n e r g y w i t h t h e g l o b a l w a r m i n g i n n u c l e a r p o w e r . b r b d s f i d = " 1 5 5 " > Q 1 9 : W h a t d i d P e n H u d d l e a n d h i s t e a m d o i n t h e A r c t i c O c e a n ? b r b d s f i d = " 1 5 6 " > Q 2 0 : W h a t d o e s t h e r e p o r t s a y a b o u t t h e A r c t i c r e g i o n ? b r b d s f i d = " 1 5 7 " > Q 2 1 : W h a t d o e s C a m b r i d g e s c i e n t i s t P e t e r W h i t e n s s a y i n h i s s t u d y ? b r b d s f i d = " 1 5 8 " > Q 2 2 : H o w t h e s e P e t e r W h i t e n s v i e w c o m m o n c h a n g e ?b r b d s f i d = " 1 5 9 " > L ec t u r e 3 b r bd s f i d = " 1 6 0 " > F r o m a ve r y e a r l y a g e , s o m e c h i l d r e n e x h i b i t b e t t e r s e lf - c o n t r o l t h a n o t h e r s . N o w , a n e w s t u d y b eg a n w i th 1 , 0 0 0 c hi l d r e n i n N e w Z e a l a n d t r a c k e d h o w l o w s e l f - c o n t r o l c a n p r e d i c t p o o r h e a l t h , m o n e y t r o u b l e s a n d e v e n a c r i m i n a l r e c o r d i n t h e i r a d u l t y e a r s . R e s e a r c h e r s h a s b e e n s t u d y i n g t h e g r o u p o f c h i l d r e n f o r d e c a d e s n o w . S o m e o f t h e e a r l y o b s e r v a t i o n s h a v e t o d o w i t h t h e l e v e l o f s e l f - c o n t r o l t h e y o u n g s t e r s d i s p l a y e d p a r e n t s , t e a c h e r s , e v e n t h e k i d s t h e m s e l v e s , s c o r e d t h e y o u n g s t e r s o n m e a s u r e s l i k e " a c t i n g b e f o r e t h i n k i n g " a n d " p e r s i s t e n c e i n r e a c h i n g g o a l s . " T h e c h i l d r e n o f t h e s t u d y a r e n o w a d u l t s i n t h e i r t h i r t i e s . T e r r i e M o f f i t t o f D u k e U n i v e r s i t y a n d h e r r e s e a r c h c o l l e a g u e f o u n d t h a t k i d s w i t h s e l f - c o n t r o l i s s u e s t e n d e d t o g r o w u p t o b e c o m e a d u l t s w i t h a f a r m o r e t r o u b l i n g s e t o f i s s u e s t o d e a l w i t h . " T h e c h i l d r e n w h o h a d t h e l o w e s t s e l f - c o n t r o l w h e n t h e y w e r e a g e t h r e e t o 1 0 , l a t e r o n h a d t h e m o s t h e a l t h p r o b l e m s i n t h e i r t h i r t i e s , " M o f f i t t s a i d , " a n d t h e y h a d t h e w o r s t f i n a n c i a l s i t u a t i o n . T h e y w e r e m o r e l i k e l y t o h a v e a c r i m i n a l r e c o r d a n d t o b e r a i s i n g a c h i l d a s a s i n g l e p a r e n t o n a v e r y l o w i n c o m e . " " E v e n t h e c h i l d r e n w h o h a d a b o v e - a v e r a g e s e l f - c o n t r o l a s p r e - s c h o o l e r s , c o u l d h a v e b e n e f i t e d f r o m m o r e s e l f - c o n t r o l t r a i n i n g . T h e y c o u l d h a v e i m p r o v e d t h e i r f i n a n c i a l s i t u a t i o n a n d t h e i r p h y s i c a l a n d m e n t a l h e a l t h s i t u a t i o n 3 0 y e a r s l a t e r . " S o , c h i l d r e n w i t h m i n o r s e l f - c o n t r o l p r o b l e m s w e r e l i k e l y a s a d u l t s t o h a v e m i n o r h e a l t h p r o b l e m s , a n d s o o n . M o f f i t t s a i d i t ' s s t i l l u n c l e a r w h y s o m e c h i l d r e n h a v e b e t t e r s e l f - c o n t r o l t h a n o t h e r s , t h o u g h o t h e r r e s e a r c h e r s h a v e f o u n d t h a t i t ' s m o s t l y a l e a r n e d b e h a v i o r , w i t h r e l a t i v e l y l i t t l e g e n e t i c i n f l u e n c e . B u t g o o d s e l f - c o n t r o l c a n r u n i n f a m i l i e s b e c a u s e c h i l d r e n w i t h g o o d s e l f - c o n t r o l a r e m o r e l i k e l y t o g r o w u p t o b e h e a l t h y a n d p r o s p e r o u s p a r e n t s . " W h e r e a s s o m e o f t h e l o w - s e l f - c o n t r o l s t u d y m e m b e r s a r e m o r e l i k e l y t o b e s i n g l e p a r e n t s w i t h a v e r y l o w i n c o m e a n d t h e p a r e n t i s i n p o o r h e a l t h a n d l i k e l y t o b e a h e a v y s u b s t a n c e a b u s e r , " s a i d M o f f i t t . " S o t h a t ' s n o t a g o o d a t mo s p h e r e f o r a c h i l d . S o i t l o o k s a s t h o u g h s e l f - c o n t r o l i s s o m e t h i n g t h a t i n o n e g e n e r a t i o n c a n d i s a d v a n t a g e t h e n e x t g e n e r a t i o n . " B u t t h e g o o d n e w s , a c c o r d i n g t o M o f f i t t , i s t h a t s e l f - c o n t r o l c a n b e t a u g h t b y p a r e n t s , a n d t h r o u g h s c h o o l c u r r i c u l a t h a t h a v e b e e n s h o w n t o b e e f f e c t i v e . B u t t h e g o o d n e w s i s t h e M o f f i t t s a y s t h a t s e l f - c o n t r o l c a n b e t a u g h t b y t h e p a r e n t s a n d t h r o u g h s c h o o l c u r r i c u l a t h a t h a v e p r o v e d t o b e e f f e c t i v e . T e r r y M o f f i t t s p a p e r o n t h e l i n k o n s e l f - c o n t r o l a n d a d u l t s t a t u s i s l a t e r i s p u b l i s h e d p r o c e e d i n g t h e a c a d e m y o f s c i e n c e s . b r b d s f i d = " 1 6 1 " > 2 3 . W h a t i s t h e n e w s t u d y a b o u t ? b r b d s f i d = " 1 6 2 " > 2 4 . W h a t d o e s t h e s t u d y s e e m t o s h o w ? b r b d s f i d = " 1 6 3 " > 2 5 . W h a t d o e s M o f f i t t s a y i s t h e g o o d n e w s t o t h e s t u d y ? / d i v > d i v i d = " f l o a t _ b t n " b d s f i d = " 1 6 4 " > b u t t o n c l a s s = " f l o a t _ b t n l e f t _ b t n " i d = " c o p y _ b u t t o n " d a t a - c l i p b o a r d - a c t i o n = " c o p y " d a t a - c l i p b o a r d - t a r g e t = " # c o n t e n t - t x t " o n c l i c k = "d o _ c o p y ( ) ; " b d s f i d = " 1 6 5 " >e m c l a s s = " i c o n " b d sf i d = " 1 6 6 " >。
2016年6月英语六级真题(全三套+详细答案)
2016年6月英语六级真题第一套Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the use of robots. Try to imagine what will happen when more and more robots take the place of human beings in industry as well as people's daily lives. You are requried to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1. A)Project organizerB)Public relations officer.C)Marketing manager.D)Market research consultant.2.A)Quantitative advertising research.B)Questionnaire design.C)Research methodology.D)Interviewer training.3.A)They are intensive studies of people’s spending habits.B)They examine relations between producers and customers.C)They look for new and effective ways to promote products.D)They study trends or customer satisfaction over a long period.4.A)The lack of promotion opportunity.B)Checking charts and tables.C)Designing questionnaires.D)The persistent intensity.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5.A)His view on Canadian universities.B)His understanding of higher education.C)His suggestions for improvements in higher education.D)His complaint about bureaucracy in American universities.6.A)It is well designed.B)It is rather inflexible.C)It varies among universities.D)It has undergone great changes.7.A)The United States and Canada can learn from each other.B)Public universities are often superior to private universities.C)Everyone should be given equal access to higher education.D)Private schools work more efficiently than public institutions.8.A) University systems vary from country to country.B)Efficiency is essential to university management.C) It is hard to say which is better, a public university or a private one.D) Many private university in the U.S. Are actually large bureaucracies.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.9.A) Government’s role in resolving an economic crisis.B) The worsening real wage situation around the worldC) Indications of economic recovery in the United States.D) The impact of the current economic crisis on people’s life.10.A)They will feel less pressure to raise employees’wages.B) They will feel free to choose the most suitable employees.C) They will feel inclined to expand their business operations.D) They will feel more confident in competing with their rivals.11.A) Employees and companies cooperate to pull through the economic crisis.B) Government and companies join hands to create hobs for the unemployed.C) Employees work shorter hours to avoid layoffs.D) Team work will be encouraged in companies.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.12.A) Whether memory supplements work.B) Whether herbal medicine works wonders.C) Whether exercise enhances one’s memory.D) Whether a magic memory promises success.13.A) They help the elderly more than the young.B) They are beneficial in one way or another.C) They generally do not have side effects.D) They are not based on real science.14.A)They are available at most country fairs.B)They are taken in relatively high dosage.C)They are collected or grown by farmers.D)They are prescribed by trained practitioners.15.A)They have often proved to be as helpful as doing mental exercise.B)Taking them with other medications might entail unnecessary risks.C)Their effect lasts only a short time.D)Many have benefited from them.Section CDirections:In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16.A)How catastrophic natural disasters turn out to be to developing nations.B)How the World Meteorological Organization studies natural disasters.C)How powerless humans appear to be in face of natural disasters.D)How the negative impacts of natural disasters can be reduced.17.A)By training rescue teams for emergencies.B)By taking steps to prepare people for them.C)By changing people’s views of nature.D)By relocating people to safer places.18.A)How preventive action can reduce the loss of life.B)How courageous Cubans are in face of disasters.C)How Cubans suffer from tropical storms.D)How destructive tropical storms can be.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard.19.A)Pay back their loans to the American government.B)Provide loans to those in severe financial difficulty.C)Contribute more to the goal of a wider recovery.D)Speed up their recovery from the housing bubble.20.A)Some banks may have to merge with others.B)Many smaller regional banks are going to fail.C)It will be hard for banks to provide more loans.D)Many banks will have to lay off some employees.21.A)It will work closely with the government.B)It will endeavor to write off bad loans.C)It will try to lower the interest rate.D)It will try to provide more loans.22.A)It won’t help the American economy to turn around.B)It won’t do any good to the major commercial banks.C)It will win the approval of the Obama administration.D)It will be necessary if the economy starts to shrink again.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.23.A)Being unable to learn new things.B)Being rather slow to make changes.C)Losing temper more and more often.D)Losing the ability to get on with others.24.A)Cognitive stimulation.B)Community activity.C)Balanced diet.D)Fresh air.25.A)Ignoring the signs and symptoms of aging.B)Adopting an optimistic attitude towards life.C)Endeavoring to give up unhealthy lifestyles.D)Seeking advice from doctors from time to time.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before makingyour choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Pursuing a career is an essential part of adolescent development.“The adolescent becomes an adult when he_26_a real job.”To cognitive researchers like Piaget,adulthood meant the beginning of an_27_.Piaget argued that once adolescents enter the world of work,their newly acquired ability to form hypotheses allows them to create representations that are too ideal.The_28_of such ideals,without the tempering of the reality of a job or profession,rapidly leads adolescents to become _29_ of the non-idealistic world and to press for reform in a characteristically adolescent way.Piaget said:“True adaptation to society comes_30_when the adolescent reformer attempts to put his ideas to work.”Of course,youthful idealism is often courageous,and no one likes to give up dreams.Perhaps,taken_31_out of context,Piaget’s statement seems harsh.What he was_32_，however,is the way reality can modify idealistic views.Some people refer to such modification as maturity.Piaget argued that attaining and accepting a vocation is one of the best ways to modify idealized views and to mature.As careers and vocations become less available during times of_33_,adolescents may be especially hard hit.Such difficult economic times may leave many adolescents_34_about their roles in society.For this reason,community interventions and government job programs that offer summer and vacation work are not only economically_35_but also help to stimulate the adolescent’s sense of worth.A)automaticallyB)beneficialC)capturingD)confusedE)emphasizingF)entranceG)excitedH)existenceI)incidentallyJ)intolerantK)occupationL)promisesM)recessionN)slightlyO)undertakesSection BDirections:In this section,you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Can societies be rich and green?[A]“If our economies are to flourish,if global poverty is to be eliminated and if the well-being of the world’s people enhanced—not just in this generation but in succeeding generations—we must make sure we take care of the natural environment and resources on which our economic activity depends.”That statement comes not,as you might imagine,from a stereotypical tree-hugging,save-the-world greenie(环保主义者),but from Gordon Brown,a politician with a reputation for rigour,thoroughness and above all,caution.[B]A surprising thing for the man who runs one of the world’s most powerful economies to say?Perhaps;though in the run-up to the five-year review of the Millennium(千年的)Goals,he is far from alone.The roots of his speech,given in March at the roundtable meeting of environment and energy ministers from the G20 group of nations,stretch back to 1972,and the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment in Stockholm.[C]“The protection and improvement of the human environment is amajor issue which affects the well-being of peoples and economic development throughout the world,”read the final declaration from this gathering,the first of a sequence which would lead to the Rio de Janeiro Earth Summit in 1992 and the World Development Summit in Johannesburg three years ago.[D]Hunt through the reports prepared by UN agencies and development groups—many for conferences such as this year’s Millennium Goals review —and you will find that the linkage between environmental protection and economic progress is a common thread.[E]Managing ecosystems sustainably is more profitable than exploiting them,according to the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment.But finding hard evidence to support the thesis is not so easy.Thoughts turn first to some sort of global statistic,some indicator which would rate the wealth of nations in both economic and environmental terms and show a relationship between the two.[F]If such an indicator exists,it is well hidden.And on reflection,this is not surprising;the single word“environment”has so many dimensions,and there are so many other factors affecting wealth—such as the oil deposits—that teasing out a simple economy-environment relationship would be almost impossible.[G]The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment,a vast four-year global study which reported its initial conclusions earlier this year,found reasons to believethat managing ecosystems sustainably—working with nature rather than against it—might be less profitable in the short term,but certainly brings long-term rewards.[H]And the World Resources Institute(WRI)in its World Resources 2005 report,issued at the end of August,produced several such examples from Africa and Asia;it also demonstrated that environmental degradation affects the poor more than the rich,as poorer people derive a much higher proportion of their income directly from the natural resources around them.[I]But there are also many examples of growing wealth by trashing the environment,in rich and poor parts of the world alike,whether through unregulated mineral extraction,drastic water use foragriculture,slash-and-burn farming,or fossil-fuel-guzzling(大量消耗)transport.Of course,such growth may not persist in the long term—which is what Mr.Brown and the Stockholm declaration were both attempting to point out.Perhaps the best example of boom growth and bust decline is the Grand Banks fishery.For almost five centuries a very large supply of cod(鳕鱼)provided abundant raw material for an industry which at its peak employed about 40,000 people,sustaining entire communities in Newfoundland.Then,abruptly,the cod population collapsed.There were no longer enough fish in the sea for the stock to maintain itself,let alone an industry.More than a decade later,there was no sign of the ecosystemre-building itself.It had,apparently,been fished out of existence;and the oncemighty Newfoundland fleet now gropes about frantically for crab on the sea floor.[J]There is a view that modern humans are inevitably sowing the seed of a global Grand Banks-style disaster.The idea is that we are taking more out of what you might call the planet’s environmental bank balance than it can sustain;we are living beyond our ecological means.One recent study attempted to calculate the extent of this“ecological overshoot of the human economy”,and found that we are using 1.2 Earth’s-worth of environmental goods and services—the implication being that at some point the debt will be called in,and all those services—the things which the planet does for us for free—will grind to a halt.[K]Whether this is right,and if so where and when the ecological axe will fall,is hard to determine with any precision—which is why governments and financial institutions are only beginning to bring such risks into their economic calculations.It is also the reason why development agencies are not united in their view of environmental issues;while some,like the WRI,maintain that environmental progress needs to go hand-in-hand with economic development,others argue that the priority is to build a thriving economy,and then use the wealth created to tackle environmental degradation.[L]This view assumes that rich societies will invest in environmental care.But is this right?Do things get better or worse as we get richer? Here the Stockholm declaration is ambiguous.“In the developing countries,”it says,“most of the environmental problems are caused by under-development.”So it is saying that economic development should make for a cleaner world?Not necessarily;“In the industralised countries,environmental problems are generally related to industrialisation and technological development,”it continues.In other words,poor and rich both over-exploit the natural world,but for different reasons.It’s simply not true that economic growth will surely make our world cleaner.[M]Clearly,richer societies are able to provide environmental improvements which lie well beyond the reach of poorer communities.Citizens of wealthy nations demand national parks,clean rivers,clean air and poison-free food.They also,however,use far more natural resources-fuel,water(all those baths and golf courses)and building materials.[N]A case can be made that rich nations export environmental problems,the most graphic example being climate change.As a country’s wealth grows,so do its greenhouse gas emissions.The figures available will not be completely accurate.Measuring emissions is not a precise science, particularly when it comes to issues surrounding land use;not all nations have re-leased up-to-date data,and in any case,emissions from some sectors such as aviation are not included in national statistics.But the data is exact enough for a clear trend to be easily discernible.As countries become richer,they produce more greenhouse gases;and the impact of those gases will fall primarily in poor parts of the world.[O]Wealth is not,of course,the only factor involved.The average Norwegian is better off than the average US citizen,but contributes about half as much to climate change.But could Norway keep its standard of living and yet cut its emissions to Moroccan or even Ethiopian levels?That question,repeated across a dozen environmental issues and across our diverse planet,is what will ultimately determine whether the human race is living beyond its ecological means as it pursues economic revival.36.Examples show that both rich and poor countries exploited the environment for economic progress.37.Environmental protection and improvement benefit people all over the world.38.It is not necessarily true that economic growth will make our world cleaner.39.The common theme of the UN reports is the relation between environmental protection and economic growth.40.Development agencies disagree regarding how to tackle environment issues while ensuring economic progress.41.It is difficult to find solid evidence to prove environmental friendliness generates more profits than exploiting the natural environment.42.Sustainable management of ecosystems will prove rewarding in the long run.43.A politician noted for being cautious asserts that sustainable human development depends on the natural environment.44.Poor countries will have to bear the cost for rich nations’economic development.45.One recent study warns us of the danger of the exhaustion of natural resources on Earth.Section CDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Interactive television advertising, which allows viewers to use their remote controls to click on advertisements, has been pushed for years. Nearly a decade ago it was predicted that viewers of “Friends”, a popular situation comedy, would soon be able to purchase a sweater like Jennifer Aniston’s with a few taps on their remote control.“It’s been the year of interactive television advertising for the last ten or twelve years,”says Colin Dixon of adigital-media consultancy.So the news that Cablevision, and American cable company, was rolling out interactive advertisements to all its customers on October 6th was greeted with some skepticism. During commercials, an overlay will appear at the bottom of the screen, prompting viewers to press a button to request a free sample or order a catalogue. Cablevision hopes to allow customers to buy things with their remote controls early next year.Television advertising could do with a boost. Spending fell by 10% in the first half of the year. The popularization of digital video recorders has caused advertisers to worry that their commercials will be skipped. Some are turning to the Internet, which is cheaper and offers concrete measurements like click-through rates—especially important at a time when marketing budgets are tight. With the launch of interactive advertising,“many of the dollars that went to the Internet will come back to the TV,”says David Kline of Cablevision. Or so the industry hopes.In theory, interactive advertising can engage viewers in a way that30-second spots do not. Unilever recently ran an interactive campaign for its Axe deodorant(除臭剂)，which kept viewers engaged for more than three minutes on average.The amount spent on interactive advertising on television is still small. Magna, an advertising agency, reckons it will be worth about $138 million this year. That falls far short of the billions of dollars people once expected it togenerate. But DirecTV, Comcast and Time Warner Cable have all invested in it.A new effort led by Canoe Ventures, a coalition of leading cable providers, aims to make interactive advertising available across America later this year. BrightLine iTV, Which designs and sells interactive ads, says interest has surged: it expects its revenues almost to triple this year. BSkyB, Britain’s biggest satellite-television service, already provides 9 million customers with interactive ads.Yet there are doubts whether people watching television, a“lean back”medium, crave interaction. Click-through rates have been high so far(around 3-4%, compared with less than 0.3% online), but that may be a result of the novelty. Interactive ads and viewers might not go well together.46.What does Colin Dixon mean by saying“It’s been the year of interactive television advertising for the last ten or twelve years”(Lines 4-5, Para.1)?A)Interactive television advertising will become popular in 10-12 years.B)Interactive television advertising has been under debate for the last decade or so.C)Interactive television advertising is successful when incorporated into situation comedies.D)Interactive television advertising has not achieved the anticipated results.47.What is the public’s response to Cablevision’s planned interactive TVadvertising program?A)Pretty positive.B)Totally indifferent.C)Somewhat doubtful.D)Rather critical.48.What is the impact of the wide use of digital video recorders on TV advertising?A)It has made TV advertising easily accessible to viewers.B)It helps advertisers to measure the click-through rates.C)It has placed TV advertising at a great disadvantage.D)It enables viewers to check the sales items with ease.49.What do we learn about Unilever’s interactive campaign?A)It proves the advantage of TV advertising.B)It has done well in engaging the viewers.C)It helps attract investments in the company.D)it has boosted the TV advertising industry.50.How does the author view the hitherto high click-through rates?A)They may be due to the novel way of advertising.B)They signify the popularity of interactive advertising.C)They point to the growing curiosity ofTV viewers.D)They indicate the future direction of media reform.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.What can be done about mass unemployment? All the wise heads agree: there’re no quick or easy answers. There’s work to be done, but workers aren’t ready to do it—they’re in the wrong places, or they have the wrong skills, Our problems are“structural,”and will take many years to solve.But don’t bother asking for evidence that justifies this bleak view. There isn’t any. On the contrary, all the facts suggest that high unemployment in America is the result of inadequate demand. saying that there’re no easy answers sounds wise. But it’s actually foolish: our unemployment crisis could be cured very quickly if we had the intellectual clarity and political will to act. In other words, structural unemployment is a fake problem, which mainly serves as an excuse for not pursing real solutions.The fact is job openings have plunged in every major sector, while the number of workers forced into part-time employment in almost all industries has soared. Unemployment has surged in every major occupational category. Only three states. With a combined population not much larger than that of Brooklyn, have unemployment rates below 5%. So the evidence contradicts the claim that we’re mainly suffering from structural unemployment. Why, then, has this claim become so popular?Part of the answer is that this is what always happens during periods of high unemployment—in part because experts and analysts believe thatdeclaring the problem deeply rooted, with no easy answers, makes them sound serious.I’ve been looking at what self-proclaimed experts were saying about unemployment during the Great Depression; it was almost identical to what Very Serious People are saying now. Unemployment cannot be brought down rapidly, declared one 1935 analysis, because the workforce is“unadaptable and untrained. It cannot respond to the opportunities which industry may offer.”A few years later, a large defense buildup finally provided a fiscal stimulus adequate to the economy’s needs—and suddenly industry was eager to employ those“unadaptable and untrained”workers.But now, as then, powerful forces are ideologically opposed to the whole idea of government action on a sufficient scale to jump-start the economy. And that, fundamentally, is why claims that we face huge structural problems have been multiplying: they offer a reason to do nothing about the mass unemployment that is crippling out economy and our society.So what you need to know is that there’s no evidence whatsoever to back these claims. We aren’t suffering from a shortage of needed skills, We’re suffering from a lack of policy resolve. As I said, structural unemployment isn’t a real problem, it’s an excuse—a reason not to act on America’s problems at a time when action is desperately needed.51.What does the author think is the root cause of mass unemployment inAmerica?A)Corporate mismanagement.B)Insufficient demand.C)Technological advances.D)Workers’slow adaptation.52.What does the author think of the experts’claim concerning unemployment?A)Self-evident.B)Thought-provoking.C)Irrational.D)Groundless.53.What does the author say helped bring down unemployment during the Great Depression?A)The booming defense industry.B)The wise heads’benefit package.C)Nationwide training of workers.D)Thorough restructuring of industries.54.What has caused claims of huge structural problems to multiply?A)Powerful opposition to government’s stimulus efforts.B)Very Serious People’s attempt to cripple the economy.C)Evidence gathered from many sectors of the industries.D)Economists’failure to detect the problems in time.55.What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?A)To testify to the experts’analysis of America’s problems.B)To offer a feasible solution to the structural unemployment.C)To show the urgent need for the government to take action.D)To alert American workers to the urgency for adaptation.Part IV Translation (30minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.中国的创新正以前所未有的速度蓬勃发展。
2016年6月六级考试真题(第三套)
2016年6月六级考试真题（第三套）Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the use of robots. Try to imagine what will happen when more and more robots take the place of human beings inindustry as well as people’s daily lives. You are required to write at least 150 words but nomore than 200 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes) 说明：2016年6月六级真题全国共考了两套听力。
本套（即第三套）的听力内容与第二套的完全一样，只是选项的顺序不一样而已，故在本套中不再重复给出。
Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read thepassage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank isidentified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank morethan once.Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.Pursuing a career is an essential part of adolescent development. “The adolescent becomes an adult when he 26 a real job.” To cognitive researchers like Piaget, adulthood meant the beginning of an 27 .Piaget argued that once adolescents enter the world of work, their newly acquired ability to form hypotheses allows them to create representations that are too ideal. The 28 of such ideals, without the tempering of the reality of a job or profession, rapidly leads adolescents to become 29 of the non-idealistic world and to press for reform in a characteristically adolescent way. Piaget said: “True adaptation to society comes 30 when the adolescent reformer attempts to put his ideas to work.”Of course, youthful idealism is often courageous, and no one likes to give up dreams. Perhaps, taken 31 out of context, Piaget’s statement seems harsh. What he was 32 , however, is the way reality can modify idealistic views. Some people refer to such modification as maturity. Piaget argued that attaining and accepting a vocation is one of the best ways to modify idealized views and to mature.As careers and vocations become less available during times of 33 , adolescents may be especially hard hit. Such difficult economic times may leave many adolescents 34 about their roles in society. For this reason, community interventions and government job programs that offer summer and vacation work are not only economically 35 but also help to stimulate the adolescent’s sense ofworth.Section BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph fromwhich the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Eachparagraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the correspondingletter on Answer Sheet 2.Can societies be rich and green?[A] “If our economies are to flourish, if global poverty is to be eliminated and if the well-being of the world’s people enhanced—not just in this generation but in succeeding generations—we must make sure we take care of the natural environment and resources on which our economic activity depends.” That statement comes not, as you might imagine, from a stereotypical tree-hugging, save-the-world-greenie (环保主义者), but from Gordon Brown, a politician with a reputation for rigour, thoroughness and above all, caution.[B] A surprising thing for the man who runs one of the world’s most powerful economies to say? Perhaps; though in the run-up to the five-year review of the Millennium (千年的) Goals, he is far from alone. The roots of his speech, given in March at the round table meeting of environment and energy ministers from the G20 group of nations, stretch back to 1972, and the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment in Stockholm.[C] “The protection and improvement of the human environment is a major issue which affects the well-being of peoples and economic development throughout the world,”read the final declaration from this gathering, the first of a sequence which would lead to the Rio de Janeiro Earth Summit in 1992 and the World Development Summit in Johannesburg three years ago.[D] Hunt through the reports prepared by UN agencies and development groups—many for conferences such as this year’s Millennium Goals review—and you will find that the linkage betweenenvironmental protection and economic progress is a common thread.[E] Managing ecosystems sustainably is more profitable than exploiting them, according to the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment. But finding hard evidence to support the thesis is not so easy. Thoughts turn first to some sort of global statistic, some indicator which would rate the wealth of nations in both economic and environmental terms and show a relationship between the two.[F] If such an indicator exists, it is well hidden. And on reflection, this is not surprising; the single word “environment” has so many dimensions, and there are so many other factors affecting wealth—such as the oil deposits—that teasing out a simple economy-environment relationship would be almost impossible.[G] The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, a vast four-year global study which reported its initial conclusions earlier this year, found reasons to believe that managing ecosystems sustainably—working with nature rather than against it—might be less profitable in the short term, but certainly brings long-term rewards.[H] And the World Resources Institute (WRI) in its World Resources 2005 report, issued at the end of August, produced several such examples from Africa and Asia; it also demonstrated that environmental degradation affects the poor more than the rich, as poorer people derive a much higher proportion of their income directly from the natural resources around them.[I] But there are also many examples of growing wealth by trashing the environment, in rich and poor parts of the world alike, whether through unregulated mineral extraction, drastic water use for agriculture, slash-and-bum farming, or fossil-fuel-guzzling(大量消耗) transport. Of course, such growth may not persist in the long term—which is what Mr. Brown and the Stockholm declaration were both attempting to point out. Perhaps the best example of boom growth and bust decline is the Grand Banks fishery. For almost five centuries a very large supply of cod (鳕鱼) provided abundant raw material for an industry which at its peak employed about 40,000 people, sustaining entire communities in Newfoundland. Then, abruptly, the cod population collapsed. There were no longer enough fish in the sea for the stock to maintain itself, let alone an industry. More than a decade later, there was no sign of the ecosystem rebuilding itself. It had, apparently, been fished out of existence; and the once mighty Newfoundland fleet now gropes about frantically for crab on the sea floor.[J] There is a view that modem humans are inevitably sowing the seeds of a global Grand Banks-style disaster. The idea is that we are taking more out of what you might call the planet’s environmental bank balance than it can sustain; we are living beyond our ecological means. One recent study attempted tocalculate the extent of this “ecological overshoot of the human economy”, and found that we are using 1.2 Earth’s worth of environmental goods and services—the implication being that at some point the debt will be called in, and all those services—the things which the planet does for us for free—will grind to a halt.[K] Whether this is right, and if so where and when the ecological axe will fall, is hard to determine with any precision—which is why governments and financial institutions are only beginning to bring such risks into their economic calculations. It is also the reason why development agencies are not united in their view of environmental issues; while some, like the WRI, maintain that environmental progress needs to go hand-in-hand with economic development, others argue that the priority is to build a thriving economy, and then use the wealth created to tackle environmental degradation.[L]This view assumes that rich societies will invest in environmental care. But is this right? Do things get better or worse as we get richer? Here the Stockholm declaration is ambiguous. “In the developing countries,” it says, “most of the environmental problems are caused by under-development.” So it is saying that economic development should make for a cleaner world? Not necessarily; “In the industrialised countries, environmental problems are generally related to industrialisation and technological development,” it continues. In other words, poor and rich both over-exploit the natural world, but for different reasons. It’s simply not true that economic growth will surely make our world cleaner.[M] Clearly, richer societies are able to provide environmental improvements which lie well beyond the reach of poorer communities. Citizens of wealthy nations demand national parks, clean rivers, clean air and poison-free food. They also, however, use far more natural resources—fuel, water (all those baths and golf courses) and building materials.[N] A case can be made that rich nations export environmental problems, the most graphic example being climate change. As a country’s wealth grows, so do its greenhouse gas emissions. The figures available will not be completely accurate. Measuring emissions is not a precise science, particularly when it comes to issues surrounding land use; not all nations have released up-to-date data, and in any case, emissions from some sectors such as aviation are not included in national statistics. But the data is exact enough for a clear trend to be easily discernible. As countries become richer, they produce more greenhouse gases; and the impact of those gases will fall primarily in poor parts of the world.[O] Wealth is not, of course, the only factor involved. The average Norwegian is better off than the average US citizen, but contributes about half as much to climate change. But could Norway keep its standard of living and yet cut its emissions to Moroccan or even Ethiopian levels? That question,repeated across a dozen environmental issues and across our diverse planet, is what will ultimately determine whether the human race is living beyond its ecological means as it pursues economic revival.36. Examples show that both rich and poor countries exploited the environment for economic progress.37. Environmental protection and improvement benefit people all over the world.38. It is not necessarily true that economic growth will make our world cleaner.39. The common theme of the UN reports is the relation between environmental protection and economic growth.40. Development agencies disagree regarding how to tackle environment issues while ensuring economic progress.41. It is difficult to find solid evidence to prove environmental friendliness generates more profits than exploiting the natural environment.42. Sustainable management of ecosystems will prove rewarding in the long run.43. A politician noted for being cautious asserts that sustainable human development depends on the natural environment.44. Poor countries wil l have to bear the cost for rich nations’ economic development.45. One recent study warns us of the danger of the exhaustion of natural resources on Earth.Section CDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C), andD).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Interactive television advertising, which allows viewers to use their remote controls to click on advertisements, has been pushed for years. Nearly a decade ago it was predicted that viewers of “Friends”, a popular situation comedy, would soon be able to purchase a sweater like Jennifer Aniston’s with a few taps on their remote control. “It’s been the year of interactive television advertising for the last ten or twelve years,” says Colin Dixon of a digital-media consultancy.So the news that Cablevision, an American cable company, was rolling out interactive advertisements to all its customers on October 6th was greeted with some skepticism. During commercials, an overlay will appear at the bottom of the screen, prompting viewers to press a button to request a free sample or order a catalogue. Cablevision hopes to allow customers to buy things with their remote controls early next year.Television advertising could do with a boost. Spending fell by 10%in the first half of the year. The popularization of digital video recorders has caused advertisers to worry that their commercials will beskipped. Some are turning to the Internet, which is cheaper and offers concrete measurements like click-through rates—especially important at a time when marketing budgets are tight. With the launch of interactive advertising, “many of the dollars that went to the Internet will come back to the TV,” says David Kline of Cablevision. Or so the industry hopes.In theory, interactive advertising can engage viewers in a way that 30-second spots do not. Unilever recently ran an interactive campaign for its Axe deodorant(除臭剂), which kept viewers engaged for more than three minutes on average.The amount spent on interactive advertising on television is still small Magna, an advertising agency, reckons it will be worth about $138 million this year. That falls far short of the billions of dollars people once expected it to generate. But DirecTV, Comcast and Time Warner Cable have all invested in it. A new effort led by Canoe Ventures, a coalition of leading cable providers, aims to make interactive advertising available across America later this year. BrightLine iTV, which designs and sells interactive ads, says interest has surged: it expects its revenues almost to triple this year. BSkyB, Britain’s biggest satellite-television service, already provides 9 million customers with interactive ads.Yet there are doubts whether people watching television, a “lean back” medium, crave interaction. Click-though rates have been high so far (around 3-4%, compared with less than 0.3% online), but that may be a result of the novelty. Interactive ads and viewers might not go well together.46. What does Colin Dixon mean by saying “It’s been the year of interactive television advertising for the last ten or twelve years” (Line 4, Para.1)?A) Interactive television advertising will become popular in 10-12 years.B) Interactive television advertising has been under debate for the last decade or so.C) Interactive television advertising is successful when incorporated into situation comedies.D) Interactive television advertising has not achieved the anticipated results.47. What is the public’s response to Cablevision’s planned interactive TV advertising pr ogram?A) Pretty positive.B) Totally indifferent.C) Somewhat doubtful.D) Rather critical.48. What is the impact of the wide use of digital video recorders on TV advertising?A) It has made TV advertising easily accessible to viewers.B) It helps advertisers to measure the click-through rates.C) It has placed TV advertising at a great disadvantage.D) It enables viewers to check the sales items with ease.49. What do we learn about Unilever’s interactive campaign?A) It proves the advantage of TV advertising.B) It has done well in engaging the viewers.C) It helps attract investments in the company.D) It has boosted the TV advertising industry.50. How does the author view the hitherto high click-through rates?A) They may be due to the novel way of advertising.B) They signify the popularity of interactive advertising.C) They point to the growing curiosity of TV viewers.D) They indicate the future direction of media reform.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage·What can be done about mass unemployment? All the wise heads agree: there’re no quick or easy answers. There’s work to be done, but workers aren’t ready to do it—they’re in the wrong places, or they have the wrong skills. Our problems are “structural”, and will take many years to solve.But don’t bother asking for evidence that justifies this bleak view. There isn’t any. On the contrary, all the facts suggest that high unemployment in America is the result of inadequate demand. Saying that there’re no easy answers sounds wise. B ut it’s actually foolish: our unemployment crisis could be cured very quickly if we had the intellectual clarity and political will to act. In other words, structural unemployment is a fake problem, which mainly serves as an excuse for not pursuing real solutions.The fact is job openings have plunged in every major sector, while the number of workers forced into part-time employment in almost all industries has soared. Unemployment has surged in every major occupational category. Only three states, with a combined population not much larger than that of Brooklyn, have unemployment rates below 5%. So the evidence contradicts the claim that we’re mainly suffering from structural unemployment. Why, then, has this claim become so popular?Part of the answer is that this is what always happens during periods of high unemployment—in part because experts and analysts believe that declaring the problem deeply rooted, with no easy answers, makes them sound serious.I’ve been looking at what self-proclaimed experts were saying about unemployment during the Great Depression: it was almost identical to what Very Serious People are saying now. Unemployment cannot be brought down rapidly, declared one 1935 analysis, because the workforce is “unadaptable and untrained. It cannot respond to the opportunities which industry may offer.” A few years later, a large defense buildup finally provided a fiscal stimulus adequate to the economy’s needs—and suddenly industry was eager to employ those “unadaptable and untrained” workers.But now, as then, powerful forces are ideologically opposed to the whole idea of government action on a sufficient scale to jump-start the economy. And that, fundamentally, is why claims that we face huge structural problems have been multiplying: they offer a reason to do nothing about the mass unemployment that is crippling our economy and our society.So what you need to know is that there’s no evidence whatsoever to back these claims.We aren’tsuffering from a shortage of needed skills; we’re suffering from a lack of policy resolve. As I said, structural unemployment isn’t a real problem, it’s an excuse—a reason not to act on America’s problems at a time when action is desperately needed.51. What does the author think is the root cause of mass unemployment in America?A) Corporate mismanagement.B) Insufficient demand.C) Technological advances.D) Workers’ slow adaptation.52. What does the author think of the experts’ claim concerning unemployment?A) Self-evident.B) Thought-provoking.C) Irrational.D) Groundless.53. What does the author say helped bring down unemployment during the Great Depression?A) The booming defense industry.B) The wise heads’ benefit package.C) Nationwide training of workers.D) Thorough restructuring of industries.54. What has caused claims of huge structural problems to multiply?A) Powerful opposition to government’s stimulus efforts.B) Very Serious People’s attempt t o cripple the economy.C) Evidence gathered from many sectors of the industries.D) Economists’ failure to detect the problems in time.55. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?A) To testify to the experts’analysis of America’s pr oblems.B) To offer a feasible solution to the structural unemployment.C) To show the urgent need for the government to take action.D) To alert American workers to the urgency for adaptation.Part IV Translation (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.深圳是中国广东省一座新开发的城市。
2016年6月大学英语六级第3套听力真题及答案
2016年6月六级真题三Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer. from the four choices marked A), B),C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1. A) It is advertising electronic products.B) It is planning to tour East Asia.C) It is sponsoring a TV programme.D) It is giving performances in town.2. A) 20,000 pounds.B) 12,000 pounds.C) Less than 20,000 pounds.D) Less than 12,000 pounds.3. A) A lot of good publicity.B) Talented artists to work for it.C) Long-term investments.D) A decrease in production costs.4. A) Promise long-term cooperation with the Company.B) Explain frankly their own current financial situation.C) Pay for the printing of the performance programme.D) Bear the cost of publicising the Company's performance.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5. A) He has been seeing doctors and counsellors.B) He has found a new way to train his voice.C) He was caught abusing drugs.D) He might give up concert tours.6. A) Singers may become addicted to it.B) It helps singers warm themselves up.C) Singers use it to stay away from colds.D) It can do harm to singers' vocal chords.7. A) They are eager to become famous.B) Many lack professional training.C) Few will become successful.D) They live a glamorous life.8. A) Harm to singers done by smoky atmospheres.B) Side effects of some common drugs.C) Voice problems among pop singers.D) Hardships experienced by many young singers.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage,you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
2016年6月大学英语六级第二套听力真题及答案
2016年6月六级真题二Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer. from the four choices marked A), B),C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1. A) The project the man managed at CucinTech.B) The updating of technology at CucinTech.C)The man's switch to a new career.D) The restructuring of her company.2. A) Talented personnel.B) Strategic innovation.C) Competitive products.D) Effective promotion.3. A) Expand the market.B) Recruit more talents.C) Innovate constantly.D) Watch out for his competitors.4. A) Possible bankruptcy.B) Unforeseen difficulties.C) Conflicts within the company.D) Imitation by one's competitors.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5. A) The job of an interpreter.B) The stress felt by professionals.C) The importance of language proficiency.D) The best way to effective communication.6. A) Promising.B) Admirable.C) Rewarding.D) Meaningful.7. A) They all have a strong interest in language.B) They all have professional qualifications.C) They have all passed language proficiency tests.D) They have all studied cross-cultural differences.8. A) It requires a much larger vocabulary.B) It attaches more importance to accuracy.C) It is more stressful than simultaneous interpreting.D) It puts one's long-term memory under more stress.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage,you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
2016年6月大学英语六级考试听力原文+答案
2016年6月大学英语六级考试听力原文+答案Section ALong Conversations（长对话）Conversation OneM: So how long have you been a Market Research Consultant?W: Well, I started straight after finishing university.M: Did you study market research?W: Yeah, and it really helped me to get into the industry, but I have to say that it's more important to get experience in different types of market research to find out exactly what you're interested in.M: So what are you interested in?W: Well, at the moment, I specialize in quantitative advertising research, which means that I do two types of projects. Trackers, which are ongoing projects that look at trends or customer satisfaction over a long period of time. The only problem with trackers is that it takes up a lot of your time. But you do build up a good relationship with the client. I also do a couple of ad-hoc jobs which are much shorter projects. M: What exactly do you mean by ad-hoc jobs?W: It's basically when companies need quick answers to their questions about their consumers' habits. They just ask for one questionnaire to be sent out for example, so the time you spend on an ad-hoc project tends to be fairly short.M: Which do you prefer, trackers or ad-hoc?W: I like doing both and in fact I need to do both at the same time to keep me from going crazy. I need the variety.M: Can you just explain what process you go through with a new client?W: Well, together we decide on the methodology and the objectives of the research. I then design a questionnaire. Once the interviewers have been briefed, I send the client a schedule and then they get back to me with deadlines. Once the final charts and tables are ready, I have to check them and organize a presentation.M: Hmm, one last question, what do you like and dislike about your job?W: As I said, variety is important and as for what I don't like, it has to be the checking of charts and tables.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.Q1: What position does the woman hold in the company?Q2: What does the woman specialize in at the moment?Q3: What does the woman say about trackers?Q4: What does the woman dislike about her job?Conversation TwoW: Hello, I'm here with Frederick. Now Fred, you went to university in Canada?M: Yeah, that's right.W: OK, and you have very strong views about universities in Canada. Could you please explain?M: Well, we don't have private universities in Canada. They’re all public. All the universities are owned by the government, so there is the Ministry of Education in charge of creating the curriculum for the universities and so there is not much room for flexibility. Since it's a government operated institution, things don't move very fast. If you want something to be done, then their staff do not have so much incentive to help you because he's a worker for the government. So I don't think it's very efficient. However, there are certain advantages of public universities, such as the fees being free. You don't have to pay for your education. But the system isn't efficient, and it does not work that well.W: Yeah, I can see your point, but in the United States we have many private universities, and I think they are large bureaucracies also. Maybe people don't act that much differently, because it’s the same thing working for a private university. They get paid for their job. I don’t know if they're that much more motivated to help people. Also, we have a problem in the United States that usually only wealthy kids go to the best schools and it's kind of a problem actually.M: I agree with you. I think it's a problem because you're not giving equal access to education to everybody. It’s not easy, but having only public universities also might not be the best solution. Perhaps we can learn from Japan where they have a system of private and public universities. Now, in Japan, public universities are considered to be the best.W: Right. It's the exact opposite in the United States.M: So, as you see, it's very hard to say which one is better.W: Right, a good point.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.Q5: What does the woman want Frederick to talk about?Q6: What does the man say about the curriculum in Canadian universities?Q7: On what point do the speakers agree?Q8: What point does the man make at the end of the conversation?Section BPassagesPassage OnePassage 1A recent International Labour Organization report says the deterioration of real wages around the world calls into question the true extent of an economic recovery, especially if government rescue packages are phased out too early.The report warns the picture on wages is likely to get worse this year, despite indications of an economic rebound. Patrick Belser, an International LabourOrganization specialist, says declining wage rates are linked to the levels of unemployment.“The quite dramatic unemployment figures, which we now see in some of the countries, strongly suggest that there will be greater pressure on wages in the future as more people will be unemployed, more people will be looking for jobs and the pressure on employers to raise wages to attract workers will decline. So, we expect that the second part of the year will not be very good in terms of wage growth.”The report finds more than a quarter of the countries experienced flat or falling monthly wages in real terms. They include, the United States, Austria, Costa Rica, South Africa and Germany.International Labour Organization economists say some nations have come up with polices to lessen the impact of lower wages during the economic crisis. An example of these is work sharing with government subsidies. Under this scheme, the number of individual working hours is reduced in an effort to avoid layoffs. For this scheme to work, the government must provide wage subsidies to compensate for lost pay due to the shorter hours.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.Q9. What is the International Labor Organization report mainly about?Q10. According to an International Labor Organization specialist, how will employers feel if there are more people looking for jobs?Q11.What does the speak mean by "the work sharing scheme"?Passage TwoIs there really a magic memory pill or a herbal recall remedy? I have been frequently asked if these memory supplements work. You know, one of the first things I like to tell people when they ask me about the supplements, is that a lot of them are promoted as a cure for your memory. But your memory doesn’t need a cure. What your memory needs is a good work-out. So re ally those supplements aren’t going to give you that perfect memory in the way that they promise. The other thing is that a lot of these supplements aren’t necessarily what they claim to be, and you really have to be wary when you take any of them. The science isn't there behind most of them. They're not really well-regulated unless they adhere to some industry standard. You don't really know that what they say is in there, isn't there. What you must understand is that those supplements, especially in some eastern cultures, are part of a medical practice tradition. People don't just go in a local grocery store and buy these supplements. In fact, they are prescribed and they're given at a certain level, a dosage that is understood by a practitioner who's been trained. And that's not really the way they're used in this country. The other thing people do forget is that these are medicines, so they do have an impact. A lot of times people are not really aware of the impact they have, or the fact that taking them in combination with other medications might put you at increased risk for something that you wouldn’t otherwise being countering or be at risk for.Q12. What question is frequently put to the speaker?Q13. What does the speaker say about most memory supplements?Q14. What do we learn about memory supplements in eastern cultures?Q15. What does the speaker say about memory supplements at the end?【Lectures】（讲座—）Lecture 1The negative impacts of natural disasters can be seen everywhere. In just the past few weeks, the world has witnessed the destructive powers of earthquakes in Indonesia, typhoons in the Philippines, and the destructive sea waves that struck Samoa and neighboring islands.A study by the Center for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters finds that, between 1980 and 2007, nearly 8,400 natural disasters killed more than two-million people. These catastrophic events caused more than $1.5 trillion in economic losses. U.N. weather expert Geoffrey Love says that is the bad news. "Over the last 50 years, economic losses have increased by a factor of 50. That sounds pretty terrible, but the loss of life has decreased by a factor of 10 simply because we are getting better at warning people. We are making a difference. Extreme events, however, will continue to occur. But, the message is that they may not be disasters."Love, who is director of Weather and Disaster Risk Reduction at the World Meteorological Organization, says most of the deaths and economic losses were caused by weather, climate, or water-related extremes. These include droughts, floods, windstorms, strong tropical winds and wildfires.He says extreme events will continue. But, he says extreme events become disasters only when people fail to prepare for them."Many of the remedies are well-known. From a planning perspective, it is pretty simple. Build better buildings. Don’t build where the hazards will destroy them. F rom an early-warning perspective, make sure the warnings go right down to the community level. Build community action plans. ”The World Meteorological Organization points to Cuba and Bangladesh as examples of countries that have successfully reduced the loss of life caused by natural disasters by taking preventive action.It says tropical cyclones formerly claimed dozens, if not hundreds of lives, each year, in Cuba. But, the development of an early-warning system has reversed that trend. In 2008, Cuba was hit by five successive hurricanes, but only seven people were killed. Bangladesh also has achieved substantial results. Major storm surges in 1970 and 1991 caused the deaths of about 440,000 people. Through careful preparation, the death toll from a super tropical storm in November 2007 was less than 3,500.Q16. What is the talk mainly about?Q17. How can we stop extreme events from turning into events?Q18. What does the example of Cuba serve to show?Lecture 2As U.S. banks recovered with the help of American government and the American taxpayers, president Obama held meetings with top bank executives, telling them it’s time to return the favor. “The way I see it are banks now having a greater obligation to the goal of a wide recovery,” he said. But the president may be giving the financial sector too much credit. “It was in a free fall, and it was a very scary period.” Economist Martin Neil Baily said. After the failure of Lehman Brothers, many of the world’s largest banks feared the worst as the collapse of the housing bubble exposed in investments in risky loans.Although he says the worst is just over, Bailey says the banking crisis is not. More than 130 US banks failed in 2009. He predicts high failure rates for smaller, regional banks in 2010 as commercial real estate loans come due."So there may actually be a worsening of credit availability to small and medium sized businesses in the next year or so."Analysts say the biggest problem is high unemployment, which weakens demand and makes banks reluctant to lend. But US Bankcorp chief Richard Davis sees the situation differently."We're probably more optimistic than the experts might be.With that in mind, we're putting everything we can, lending is the coal to our engine, so we want to make more loans. We have to find a way to qualify more people and not put ourselves at risk."While some economists predict continued recovery in the future, Baily says the only certainty is that banks are unlikely to make the same mistakes - twice. "You know, forecasting's become a very hazardous business so I don't want to commit myself too much. I don't think we know exactly what's going to happen but it's certainly possible that we could get very slow growth over the next year or two.”If the economy starts to shrink again, Baily says it would make a strong case for a second stimulus -- something the Obama administration hopes will not be necessary. Q19. What dose president Obama hope the banks will do?Q20. What is Martin Neil Baily’s prediction about the financial situation in the future? Q21. What does U.S. Bankcorp chief Richard Davis say about its future operation?Q22. What does Martin Neil Baily think of a second stimulus to the economy? Lecture 3A new study has failed to find any conclusive evidence that lifestyle changes can prevent cognitive decline in older adults.Still there are still good reasons to make positive changes in how we live and what we eat as we age.Cognitive decline is the loss of ability to learn new skills, or recall words, names, and faces that is most common as we age. To reduce or avoid it, researchers have examined the effect of smoking, diet, brain-challenging games, exercise and other strategies.Researchers at Duke University scrutinized more than 160 published studies and found an absence of strong evidence that any of these approaches can make a big difference.Co-author James Burke helped design the study. "In the observational studies we found that some of the B vitamins were beneficial." said. "Exercise, diet, cognitive stimulation showed some positive effects, although the evidence was not so strong that we could actually consider these firmly established."Some previous studies have suggested that challenging your brain with mentally stimulating activities might help. And Burke said that actually does seem to help, based on randomized studies - the researcher's gold standard."Cognitive stimulation is one of the areas where we did find some benefit. The exact type of stimulation that an individual uses is not as important as being intellectually engaged,".The expert review also found insufficient evidence to recommend any drugs or dietary supplements that could prevent or slow cognitive decline.However, given that there is at least some evidence for positive effects from some of these lifestyle changes, plus other benefits apparently unrelated to cognitive decline, Burke offered some recommendations."I think that by having people adopt a healthy lifestyle, both from a medical standpoint as well as nutritional and cognitive stimulation standpoint, that we can reduce the incidence of cognitive decline, which will be proof that these factors are, in fact, important."James Burke of Duke University is one of the authors of a study reviewing previous research on cognitive decline. The paper is published online by the Annals of Internal Medicine.Q23. According to the speaker, what might be a symptom of cognitive decline in older adult?Q24. According to James Burke, what does seem to help reduce cognitive decline?Q25. What did James Burke recommend to reduce the incidence of cognitive decline? KeysSection A1-81. D）Market research consultant2. A）Quantitative advertising research3. D）They study trends or customer satisfaction over a long period.4. B）Checking charts and tables.5. A）His view on Canadian universities.6. B）It is rather inflexible.7. C）Everybody should be given equal access to higher education.8. C）It is hard to say which is better, a public university or a private university.9-119.B）The worsening real wage situation around the world.10.A）They will feel less pressure to raise employees’wages.11.11.C）Employees work shorter hours to avoid layoffs.Section B12-1512. A）Whether memory supplements work.13. D）They are not on based on real science.14. D）They are prescribed by trained practitioners.15.B）Taking them with other medications might entail unnecessary risks. Section C16-1816 D）How the negative impacts of natural disasters can be reduced.17 B）By taking steps to prepare people for them.18 A）How preventive action can reduce the loss of life.19-2219 C）Contribute more to the goal of a wider recovery20 B）Many smaller regional banks are going to fail21 D）It will try to provide more loans22 D）It will be necessary if the economy starts to shrink again23-2523 A）Being unable to learn new things.24 A）Cognitive stimulation.25 C）Endeavoring to give up unhealthy lifestyles.。
2016年6月六级听力第二套
2016年6月六级听力第二套Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)Section ADirections：In this section，you will hear two long conversations．At the end of each conversation,you will hear four questions．Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once．drier you hear a question，you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A ，B ，C andD ．Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet l with a single line through the centre．Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard．1．A.Project organizer．B.Public relations officer．C.Marketing manager．D. Market research consultant．2.A.Quantitative advertising research．B.Questionnaire design．C.Research methodology．D.Interviewer training．3．A.They are intensive stud ies ofpeople’s spending habits．B.They examine relations between producers and customers．C.They look for new and effective ways to promote products．D.They study trends or customer satisfaction over a long period．4．A.The lack of promotion opportunity．B.Checking charts and tables．C. Designing questionnaires．D. The persistent intensity．Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard．5．A. His view on Canadian universities．B.His understanding of higher education．C.His suggestions for improvements in higher education．D.His complaint about bureaucracy in American universities．6．A.It is well designed．B.It is rather inflexible．C.It varies among universities．D.It has undergone great changes．7．A.The United States and Canada can learn from each other．B.Public universities are often superior to private universities．C.Everyone should be given equal access to higher education．D.Private schools work more efficiently than public institutions．8．A. University systems vary from country to country．B.Efficiency is essential to university management．C.It is hard to say which is better,a public university or a private one．D.Many private universities in the U．S．are actually large bureaucracies．Directions：In this section．you will hear two passages．At the end of each passage,you will hear three or four questions．Both the passage and the questions will be spoken onlyonce．After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A ，B ，C and D ．Then mark the corresponding fetter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre．Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard．9．ernment’s role in resolving an economic crisis．B.The worsening real wage situation around the world．C.Indications of economic recovery in the United States．D.The impact of the current economic crisis on people’s life．10．A.They will feel less pressure to raise employees’wages．B.They will feel free to choose the most suitable employees．C.They will feel inclined to expand their business operations．D.They will feel more confident in competing with their rivals．11．A.Employees and companies cooperate to pull through the economic crisis．ernment and companies join hands to create jobs for the unemployed．C.Employees work shorter hours to avoid layoffs．D.Team work will be encouraged in companies．Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard．12．A.Whether memory supplements work．B.Whether herbal medicine works wonders．C.Whether exercise enhances one’s memory．D.Whether a magic memory promises success．13．A.They help the elderly more than the young．B.They are beneficial in one way or another．C.They generally do not have side effects．D.They are not based on real science．14．A.They are available at most country fairs．B.They are taken in relatively high dosage．C.They are collected or grown by farmers．D.They are prescribed by trained practitioners．15．A.They have often proved to be as helpful as doing mental exercise．B.Taking them with other medications might entail unnecessary risks．C.Their effect lasts only a short time．D.Many have benefited from them．Section CDirections：In this section．you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three orfour questions．The recordings will be played only once．After you hear a question，you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A ，B ，C and D ．Then mark the correspondingletter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre．Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard．16．A.How catastrophic natural disasters turn out to be to developing nations．B.How the World Meteorological Organization studies natural disasters．C.How powerless humans appear to be in face of natural disasters．D.How the negative impacts of natural disasters can be reduced．17．A.By training rescue teams for emergencies．B.By taking steps to prepare people for them．C.By changing people’s views ofnature．D.By relocating people to safer places．18．A.How preventive action can reduce the loss of life．B.How courageous Cubans are in face of disasters．C.How Cubans suffer from tropical storms．D.How destructive tropical storms can be．Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard．19．A.Pay back their loans to the American government．B.Provide loans to those in severe financial difficulty．C.Contribute more to the goal of a wider recovery．D.Speed up their recovery from the housing bubble．20．A.Some banks may have to merge with others．B.Many smaller regional banks are going to fail．C.It will be hard for banks to provide more loans．D.Many banks will have to 1ay off some employees．21．A.It will work closely with the government．B.It will endeavor to write offbad loans．C.It will try to lower the interest rate．D.It will try to provide more loans．22．A. It won’t help the American e conomy to rum around．B.It won’t do any good to the major commercial banks．C.It will win the approval of the Obama administration．D.It will be necessary if the economy starts to shrink again．Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard．23．A.Being unable to learn new things．B.Being rather slow to make changes．C.Losing temper more and more often．D.Losing the ability to get on with others．24．A.Cognitive stimulation．munity activity．C.Balanced diet．D.Fresh air．25．A.Ignoring the signs and symptoms of aging．B.Adopting an optimistic attitude towards life．C.Endeavoring to give up unhealthy lifestyles．D.Seeking advice from doctors from time to time．。
2016年6月英语六级考试真题试卷附答案和解析b卷(第2套)有听力完整版
2016年6月英语六级考试真题试卷附答案和解析(第2套) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on living in thevirtual world. Try to imagine what will happen when people spe nd more and more time in thevirtual world instead of interacting in the real w orld. You are required to write at least 150 wordsbut no more than 200 words Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer. from the four choices marked A), B),C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1. A) The project the man managed at CucinTech.B) The updating of technology at CucinTech.C)The man's switch to a new career.D) The restructuring of her company.2. A) Talented personnel.B) Strategic innovation.C) Competitive products.D) Effective promotion.3. A) Expand the market.B) Recruit more talents.C) Innovate constantly.D) Watch out for his competitors.4. A) Possible bankruptcy.B) Unforeseen difficulties.C) Conflicts within the company.D) Imitation by one's competitors.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5. A) The job of an interpreter.B) The stress felt by professionals.C) The importance of language proficiency.D) The best way to effective communication.6. A) Promising.B) Admirable.C) Rewarding.D) Meaningful.7. A) They all have a strong interest in language.B) They all have professional qualifications.C) They have all passed language proficiency tests.D) They have all studied cross-cultural differences.8. A) It requires a much larger vocabulary.B) It attaches more importance to accuracy.C) It is more stressful than simultaneous interpreting.D) It puts one's long-term memory under more stress..Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each pa ssage, you willhear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questio ns will be spoken only once.After you hear a question, you must choose the b est answer from the four choices marked A),B), C) and D). Then mark the cor responding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line throughthe centre. Passage OneQuestions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.9. A) It might affect mothers' health.B) It might disturb infants' sleep.C) It might increase the risk of infants, death.D) It might increase mothers' mental distress.10. A) Mothers who breast-feed their babies have a harder time falling asleep.B) Mothers who sleep with their babies need a little more sleep each night.C) Sleeping patterns of mothers greatly affect their newborn babies' health.D) Sleeping with infants in the same room has a negative impact on mother s.11. A) Change their sleep patterns to adapt to their newborn babies'.B) Sleep in the same room but not in the same bed as their babies.C) Sleep in the same house but not in the same room as their babies.D) T ake precautions to reduce the risk of sudden infant death syndrome. Passage TwoQuestions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard. 12. A) A lot of native languages have already died out in the US.B) The US ranks first in the number of endangered languages.C) The efforts to preserve Indian languages have proved fruitless.D) More money is needed to record the native languages in the US.13. A) To set up more language schools.B) To document endangered languages.C) To educate native American children.D) To revitalise America's native languages.14. A) The US govemment's policy of Americanising Indian children.B) The failure of American Indian languages to gain an official status.C) The US government's unwillingness to spend money educating Indians.D) The long-time isolation of American Indians from the outside world.15. A) It is being utilised to teach native languages.B) It tells traditional stories during family time.C) It speeds up the extinction of native languages.D) It is widely used in language immersion schools.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by threeor four questions. The recordings will be played only once. A fter you hear a question, you mustchoose the best answer from the four choic es marked A),B),C) and D). Then mark thecorresponding letter on Answer Sh eet 1 with a single line through the centre.Recording OneQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard. 16. A) It pays them up to half of their previous wages while they look for wo rk.B) It covers their mortgage payments and medical expenses for 99 weeks.C) It pays their living expenses until they find employment again.D) It provides them with the basic necessities of everyday life.17. A) Creating jobs for the huge army of unemployed workers.B) Providing training and guidance for unemployed workers.C) Convincing local lawmakers to extend unemployment benefits.D) Raising funds to help those having no unemployment insurance.18. A) To offer them loans they need to start their own businesses.B) To allow them to postpone their monthly mortgage payments.C) To create more jobs by encouraging private investments in local companies.D) To encourage big businesses to hire back workers with government subsi dies.Recording TwoQuestions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard.19. A) They measured the depths of sea water.B) They analyzed the water content.C) They explored the ocean floor.D) They investigated the ice.20. A) Eighty percent of the ice disappears in summer time.B) Most of the ice was accumulated over the past centuries.C) The ice ensures the survival of many endangered species.D) The ice decrease is more evident than previously thought.21. A) Arctic ice is a major source of the world's fresh water.B) The melting Arctic ice has drowned many coastal cities.C) The decline of Arctic ice is irreversible.D) Arctic ice is essential to human survival.22. A) It will do a lot of harm to mankind.B) There is no easy way to understand it.C) It will advance nuclear technology.D) There is no easy technological solution to it.Recording ThreeQuestions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard. 23. A) The reason why New Zealand children seem to have better self-contro l.B) The relation between children's self-control and their future success.C) The health problems of children raised by a single parent.D) The deciding factor in children's academic performance.24. A) Children raised by single parents will have a hard time in their thirties.B) Those with a criminal record mostly come from single parent families.C) Parents must learn to exercise self-control in front of their children.D) Lack of self-control in parents is a disadvantage for their children.25. A) Self-control can be improved through education.B) Self-control can improve one's financial situation.C) Self-control problems may be detected early in children.D) Self-control problems will diminish as one grows up.Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are requiredto select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on ,Answer Street 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.The robotics revolution is set to bring humans face to face with an old fear—man-made creations as smart and capable as we are but without a moral compass. As robots take on ever more complex roles, the question naturally 26__________ : Who will be responsible when they do something wrong? Manufacturers?Users?Software writers? The answer depends on the robot. Robots already save us time, money and energy. In the future, they will improve our health care, social welfare and standard of living. The 27__________ of computational power and engineering advances will 28__________ enable lower-cost in-home care for the disabled, 29__________ use of driverless cars that may reduce drunk- and distracted-driving accidents and countless home and service-industry uses for robots, from street cleaning to food preparation. But there are 30__________ to be problems. Robot cars will crash. A drone (遥控飞行器) operator will 31__________ someone's privacy. A robotic lawn mower will run over a neighbor's cat. Juries sympathetic to the 32__________ of machines will punish entrepreneurs with company-crushing 33__________ and damages. What should governments do to protect people while 34__________ space for innovation?Big, complicated systems on which much public safety depends, like driverless cars, should be built, 35__________ and sold by manufacturers who take responsibility for ensuring safety and are liable for accidents. Governments should set safety requirements and then let insurers price the risk of the robots based on the manufacturer's driving record, not the passenger's.A. arisesB. ascendsC. boundD. combinationE. definiteF. eventuallyG. interfereH. invadeI. manifestingJ. penaltiesK. preservingL. programmedM. proximatelyN. victimsO. widespreadSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten stateme nts attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the pa ragraphs. Identify the paragraphfrom which the information is derived. You m ay choose a paragraph more than once. Eachparagraph is marked with a lette r. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter onAnswer Sheet 2.Reform and Medical Costs[A] Americans are deeply concerned about the relentless rise in health care costs and health insurance premiums. They need to know if reform will help solve the problem. The answer isthat no one has an easy fix for rising medic al costs. The fundamental fix—reshaping how careis delivered and how doct ors are paid in a wasteful, abnormal system—is likely to be achievedonly thr ough trial and error and incremental (渐进的）gains.[B] The good news is that a bill just approved by the House and a bill approve d by the SenateFinance Committee would implement or test many reforms t hat should help slow the rise inmedical costs over the long term. As a report i n The New England Journal of Medicine concluded,"Pretty much every proposed innovation found in the health policy literature these days is contained in these measures."[C] Medical spending, which typically rises faster than wages and the overall economy, ispropelled by two things: the high prices charged for medical servi ces in this country and thevolume of unnecessary care delivered by doctors and hospitals, which often perform a lotmore tests and treatments than a pa tient really needs.[D] Here are some of the important proposals in the House and Senate bills t o try to address those problems, and why it is hard to know how well they wil l work.[E] Both bills would reduce the rate of growth in annual Medicare payments to hospitals,nursing homes and other providers by amounts comparable to the productivity savingsroutinely made in other industries with the help of new technologies and new ways to organize work. This proposal could save Medi care more than $100 billion over the next decade. Ifprivate plans demanded similar productivity savings from providers, and refused to letproviders shift additional costs to them, the savings could be much larger. Critics sayCongr ess will give in to lobbyists and let inefficient providers off the hook That is f ar less likelyto happen if Congress also adopts strong upaygo” rules requiring that any increase inpayments to providers be offset by new taxes or budget cuts.[F] The Senate Finance bill would impose an excise tax(消费税）on health insurance plans thatcost more than $8,000 for an individual or $21,000 for a family. It would most likely causeinsurers to redesign plans to fall beneath the threshold. Enrollees would have to pay moremoney for many ser vices out of their own pockets, and that would encourage them to thinktwice about whether an expensive or redundant test was worth it. Economists pro ject thatmost employers would shift money from expensive health benefits in to wages. The House billhas no similar tax. The final legislation should. [G] Any doctor who has wrestled with multiple forms from different insurers, or patients whohave tried to understand their own parade of statements, kn ow that simplification ought tosave money. When the health insurance indus try was still cooperating in reform efforts, itstrade group offered to provide st andardized forms for automated processing. It estimated thatstep would save hundreds of billions of dollars over the next decade. The bills would lock that pledge into law.[H] The stimulus package provided money to convert the inefficient, paper-driven medicalsystem to electronic records that can be easily viewed and tran smitted. This requires openinvestments to help doctors convert. In time it sh ould help restrain costs by eliminating redundant tests, preventing drug inte ractions, and helping doctors find the best treatments.[I] Virtually all experts agree that the fee-for-service system—doctors are rew arded for the quantity of care rather than its quality or effectiveness—is a pr imary reason that the cost ofcare is so high. Most agree that the solution is to push doctors to accept fixed payments tocare for a particular illness or for a patient's needs over a year. No one knows how to makethat happen quickly . The bills in both houses would start pilot projects within Medicare. Theyincl ude such measures as accountable care organizations to take charge of a pati ent's needswith an eye on both cost and quality, and chronic disease manag ement to make sure theseriously ill, who are responsible for the bulk of all he alth care costs, are treated properly. Forthe most part, these experiments rely on incentive payments to get doctors to try them.[J] Testing innovations do no good unless the good experiments are identifie d and expandedand the bad ones are dropped. The Senate bill would create a n independent commission tomonitor the pilot programs and recommend changes in Medicare's payment policies to urge providers to adopt reforms t hat work. The changes would have to be approved or rejected as awhole by C ongress, making it hard for narrow-interest lobbies to bend lawmakers to the ir will.[K] The bills in both chambers would create health insurance exchanges on which smallbusinesses and individuals could choose from an array of private plans and possibly a public option. All the plans would have to provide standa rd benefit packages that would be easy tocompare. To get access to millions of new customers, insurers would have a strong incentive to sell on the exch ange. And the head-to-head competition might give them a strong incentiv e to lower their prices, perhaps by accepting slimmer profit margins or dema nding better deals from providers.[L] The final legislation might throw a public plan into the competition, but thanks to thefierce opposition of the insurance industry and Republican criti cs, it might not save muchmoney. The one in the House bill would have to ne gotiate rates with providers, rather thanusing Medicare rates, as many reform ers wanted.[M] The president's stimulus package is pumping money into research to com pare how wellvarious treatments work. Is surgery, radiation or careful moni toring best for prostate (前列腺)cancer? Is the latest and most expensive cholesterol-lowering drug any bet ter than its commoncompetitors? The pending bills would spend additional m oney to accelerate this effort.[N] Critics have charged that this sensible idea would lead to rationing of car e.(That would betrue only if you believed that patients should have an unrestr ained right to treatments provento be inferior.) As a result, the bills do not r equire, as they should, that the results of thesestudies be used to set payme nt rates in Medicare.[O] Congress needs to find the courage to allow Medicare to pay preferentially for treatmentsproven to be superior. Sometimes the best treatment might b e the most expensive. But overall, we suspect that spending would come do wn through elimination of a lot of unnecessary or even dangerous tests and treatments.[P] The House bill would authorize the secretary of health and human servic es to negotiatedrug prices in Medicare and Medicaid. Some authoritative an alysts doubt that the secretarywould get better deals than private insurers alr eady get. We believe negotiation could work. Itdoes in other countries. [Q] Missing from these bills is any serious attempt to rein in malpractice cos ts. Malpracticeawards do drive up insurance premiums for doctors in high-ris k specialties, and there is some evidence that doctors engage in "defensive medicine" by performing tests and treatmentsprimarily to prove they are not negligent should they get sued.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
2016年6月四级真题听力原文及答案
2016年6月18日大学英语四级听力原文（听写版）News report 1The international labor organization says the number of people without jobs is increasing. In its latest update on global employment trends, the agency says projections of the number on unemployed people this year range from 210 million to nearly 240 million people. The report warns that 200 million poor workers are at risk of joining the ranks of people leaving on less than 2 dollars per day in the past 3 years. The director general of the international labor organization WS notes that some countries have taken measures to address the effects of the global crisis. However, he points out that many countries have not done so. And based on past experiences, it takes 4-5 years after economic recovery for unemployment to return to pre-crisis levels. Mr. S says the international organization is proposing a global job agreement to deal with unemployment.Mr. S: It’s key objective is to place the center of recovery efforts, measures will generate high levels of employment and provide basic social protection for the most vulnerable.1、What is the news report main about?2、What does Mr. S say?News Report 2Big fast food chains in New York city have started to obey a first kind of its rule requiring them to post calorie on its menu. CN is with New York Department of Health.We wanted to give people an opportunity to actually see the calories before they purchase the food and make a decision and inform decision that if they want to make a healthier choice. If they want to eat fewer calories, they can. And we expect this will have a huge impact on obesity. And of course, if this has an impact on obesity, it will have an impact on diabetes, and heart disease, and high blood pressure.The new rules were introduced as part of anti-obesity campaign that also includes a recent city wide ban on artificial transfat in restaurant food. The menu rule only applies to restaurants that serves standard portion sizes and 15 or more locations nationwide. Starting last Saturday, chains big enough to fall under the rule will face penalties about 2000 dollars for not showing calorie information in a prominent sports on their menus, preferably next to the price.3. what are big fast food chains in New York cityrequire to do according to the new rule?4.What will happen to big restaurant chains that violate the new rule?News Report 3Almost all companies recognize the importance of innovation today, but not many are able to integrate innovation into their business. A commentary in a … daily points out that innovation doesn’t mean piles of documents, it’s somet hing more practical. The article says many people tend to assume that innovation just means create something new, but actually it’s more than that. It’s an attitude of doing thing. A company should find ways to innovate not just in products but also in functions, business models and processes. The article cites the global giant and gamble as an example, saying the real innovative company should develop an innovation culture, and use it as a primary tool for success. P and gamble has a proper innovation fun which offers bigger rewards for high risk ideas. It also has a special innovation facility for employees. sometimes their employees are released from their daily jobs for weeks, and spend their time interrupting in the innovation facility instead. Inconcl usion, the article says innovative ideas alone do not ensure success, it’s pointless unless their to turn inspiration into financial performance.5. What is the problem of many companies according to news report?6. What do many people turn to think of the innovation?7. What does the company gamble?Section BConversation 1M: So, Linsy, do you like to text message on your cellphone?W:Yeah, I text message a lot.I don’t do it so much, I prefer to make a call if I’m in a hurry.Yeah, I go both ways. Someti mes I don’t want to talk to the person, I just want to ask him a question, so it’s much easier for me, just text message, if I call them, I have to have a long conversation.Yeah, I …. But I get off the phone pretty quickly ….Yeah, that’s true, you don’t talk a lot.So are you a fast messager?When I first get a cellphone, I was so …, I thought I’d never text message, but people can’t text message me. So I feel obliged to learn how to text message, so now I’m pretty fast , what about you?Actually, I have the opposite problem. When I first get my cellphone. I thought it was so cool the to text message to all my friends who have one. Aren’t pretty fast .., but it seems like now I don’t use so much. I got slower actually.Yeah, I’ve been text messaging, actua lly sort of has to do with your age. For example, people in high school, they text message a lot, but I asked my father, “do you text message?” and guess what he said?What?He said, he would never text message, he thinks it’s very childish and unprofessio nal to text message.Yeah, I could see what he means, it’s considered pretty informal to text message8. what does the man say about himself?9. what does the woman tend to do while she is on the phone?10. why did the men text his friends when he first got his cell phone?11. what does the woman’s father think of the text massage? childishConversation 2Good morning, Mr. Johnson, how can I help you?well, I’d like to talk to you about Team Barn, the department manager.What seems to be the problem?Well, ever since Saudra left the department, I felt like I’ve been targeted to do all her work, as well as mine. I’m expected to attend many meetings. And I seem to be spending a lot of time doing unnecessary paperwork.I’m sorry to hear that.And on top of that, I’ve specifically asked if I could leave early last Friday, even though as I’ve finished my assignment, I was told to help. But surely, that’s a positive sign showing that Mr. Barn has a lot of trust in you.Yeah, but other colleague gets leave early and they don’t have such a lot of work to do.So you feel he’s making unrealistic demands on you?Yes, absolutely.Have you approached Mr. Barn about this particular problem?I tried, but it seems he just has no time for me.Well, at this stage, it would be better to approach him directly. If nothing else show you can solve the problem yourself before you take it further, makes it clear you’re not just a complainer. Why don’t you send him an email, requesting a meeting with him in private.Hmm, I feel a bit wo rry about his reaction. But, anyway I’ll send him an email requesting a meeting, and see what happens though, thanks for your advice.Good luck, let us know the outcome.12. what do we know about the man from the cover?13. what is the man’s chief complain t?14. how was the women interpret the facts that?15. what did the women advise the man to do?Section CPassage oneThe massive decline in sleep happens so slowly and quietly that feel seems trend. because the growing attraction of the video games and endless TV channels. never disconnecting from work, no matter how it happened, millions of Americans are putting their health or …of their life even life endanger. new evidence shows why getting enough sleep is the top priority. Some 40% of the Americans get less than 7 hours. Believe between sleep and health, and bad sleep and disease is becoming clearer and clearer says L , Harvard University. For example, sleep duration has declined from some 8 hours 1950s to7 in recent years, at the same time high blood pressure is becoming an increasing problem. Blood pressure are typically at lowest levels high during sleep people who sleepless and have high blood pressure, heart attack, diabetes, and other problems. Sleeping better may help fight of illnesses, when people sleep deprived their high levels of stress Hormons in their bodies which can decrease immune function says Doctor P of western university in Chicago, the university of Chicago study shows people who sleep well live longer so say goodnight sooner and it may help you stay active and vital to a right old age.16.What is the speaker mainly talking about?17.What do we learn from the talked-about days of Americans?18. What does the speaker say will happen to people who lack of sleep?Passage 2Parents and teachers will tell you not to worry when apply for a place in university, but in the same breath, they will remind you that it is the most important decision of your life. The first decision is your choice of course, it would depend on what you want to get out of university, what you are good at and what you enjoy. The next decision is where to apply. Aim high but within reason. Do you have the right commendation of subjects? And are your expected grades likely to meet into your requirements? The deadline is January 15th, but it’s better to submits your application early because universities began work as soon as forms rolling in. The most important part of the application is the much feared personal statement. This is your chance to convey bondless enthusiasm for the subject, so expression is for most. ? and ineffective generalities, and make sure you give the concrete examples. Admission officers will read every personal statements that arrives. It’s not convincing if you say you have chosen a subject because you enjoy it. You have to get across what it is about a particular area that has inspired you. They will look for evidence that you have reflected and thought about the subject. Applicants should be honest. There is no point saying you run marathons if you are going to be out of breath arriving at the interview on the second floor.19. what is the first decision you should made when apply?20. what is the most important part of the application?21. what must applicants do in their personal statements?Passage 3 (motor car)Passage ThreeIt is usually agreed that JC Benz built the first motor car in 1885. It was actually a tricycle with a petrol motor and XX. Soon, members of the royal family and other wealthy people to XX motory as a sport. Many of the early cars have two seats. There were no petrol XX and few garages. So every driver had to be his own engineer for the frequent breakdowns. By 1905, cars began to look like cars of today with head lamps with screen and number plates. Henry Ford’s Model T intr oduced in America in 1909, which cheaper because it was made on the assembly line. It brought cars close to both the rich and ordinary people. With the popularity of the car, registration became a must in 1903 with a motor car owner. Competency tests were introduced in 1955. Today the legal driving age of car in the UK is 17. You are not allowed to drive a car on XX until you pass the driving test. In 1958, Britain celebrated the opening of its first motor way, the Briston bypass. Until then, no one understood what a motor way was, not even a labor who were building it. The bypass held a new era in motor travel and was greeted with excitement and optimism. Service stations came with the motor way. And the legend of transport cafe was born. Of course, the service station has diversified greatly. But whether its English cooked breakfast or coffee and sandwich, one thing has remained the same, the XX.22/ what does the speaker say about the first motor car?23/ what was the problem the cars in Britain?24/ Why d id HF’s Model T cars cost less?25/ what do we learn about the bypass?参考答案1. C) Rising unemployment worldwide.2. C) Few countries have realized the seriousness of the current crisis.3. B) Put calorie information on the menu.4. A) They will be fined.5. D) Failure to integrate innovation into their business.6. B) It is the creation of something new.7. C) Its innovation culture.8. D) He does not talk long on the phone9. B) Talk at length10.A) He thought it was cool11. C) it is childish an unprofessional.12. A) He wants to change his job assignment.13. A) His workload was much too heavy.14. C) His boss has a lot of trust in him.15. D) Talk to his boss in person first.16 A) The importance of sleep to a healthy life17 C) They get less and less sleep18 D) Their blood pressure will rise19. B) What course you are going to choose20. D) The personal statement21. C） Indicate they have reflected and thought about the subject22 B) It was built in the late 19th century.23 D) They often broke down.24 A) They were produced on the assembly line.25 C) It marked a new era in motor travel.。
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2016年6月大学英语六级考试听力试题Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the center.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1. A)Project organizerB)Public relations officer.C)Marketing manager.D)Market research consultant.2.A)Quantitative advertising research.B)Questionnaire design.C)Research methodology.D)Interviewer training.3.A)They are intensive studies of people’s spending habits.B)They examine relations between producers and customers.C)They look for new and effective ways to promote products.D)They study trends or customer satisfaction over a long period.4.A)The lack of promotion opportunity.B)Checking charts and tables.C)Designing questionnaires.D)The persistent intensity.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5.A)His view on Canadian universities.B)His understanding of higher education.C)His suggestions for improvements in higher education.D)His complaint about bureaucracy in American universities.6.A)It is well designed.B)It is rather inflexible.C)It varies among universities.D)It has undergone great changes.7.A)The United States and Canada can learn from each other.B)Public universities are often superior to private universities.C)Everyone should be given equal access to higher education.D)Private schools work more efficiently than public institutions.8.A) University systems vary from country to country.B)Efficiency is essential to university management.C) It is hard to say which is better, a public university or a private one.D) Many private university in the U.S. Are actually large bureaucracies.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the center.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.9.A) G overnment’s role in resolving an economic crisis.B) The worsening real wage situation around the worldC) Indications of economic recovery in the United States.D) The impact of the current economic crisis on people’s life.10.A)They will feel less pressure to raise employees’ wages.B) They will feel free to choose the most suitable employees.C) They will feel inclined to expand their business operations.D) They will feel more confident in competing with their rivals.11.A) Employees and companies cooperate to pull through the economic crisis.B) Government and companies join hands to create jobs for the unemployed.C) Employees work shorter hours to avoid layoffs.D) Team work will be encouraged in companies.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.12.A) Whether memory supplements work.B) Whether herbal medicine works wonders.C) Whether exercise enhances one’s memory.D) Whether a magic memory promises success.13.A) They help the elderly more than the young.B) They are beneficial in one way or another.C) They generally do not have side effects.D) They are not based on real science.14.A)They are available at most country fairs.B)They are taken in relatively high dosage.C)They are collected or grown by farmers.D)They are prescribed by trained practitioner s.15.A)They have often proved to be as helpful as doing mental exercise.B)Taking them with other medications might entail unnecessary risks.C)Their effect lasts only a short time.D)Many have benefited from them.Section CDirections:In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the center.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16.A)How catastrophic natural disasters turn out to be to developing nations.B)How the World Meteorological Organization studies natural disasters.C)How powerless humans appear to be in face of natural disasters.D)How the negative impacts of natural disasters can be reduced.17.A)By training rescue teams for emergencies.B)By taking steps to prepare people for them.C)By changing people’s views of nature.D)By relocating people to safer places.18.A)How preventive action can reduce the loss of life.B)How courageous Cubans are in face of disasters.C)How Cubans suffer from tropical storms.D)How destructive tropical storms can be.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard.19.A)Pay back their loans to the American government.B)Provide loans to those in severe financial difficulty.C)Contribute more to the goal of a wider recovery.D)Speed up their recovery from the housing bubble.20.A)Some banks may have to merge with others.B)Many smaller regional banks are going to fail.C)It will be hard for banks to provide more loans.D)Many banks will have to lay off some employees.21.A)It will work closely with the government.B)It will endeavor to write off bad loans.C)It will try to lower the interest rate.D)It will try to provide more loans.22.A)It won’t help the American economy to turn around.B)It won’t do any good to the major commercial banks.C)It will win the approval of the Obama administration.D)It will be necessary if the economy starts to shrink again. Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.23.A)Being unable to learn new things.B)Being rather slow to make changes.C)Losing temper more and more often.D)Losing the ability to get on with others.24.A)Cognitive stimulation.B)Community activity.C)Balanced diet.D)Fresh air.25.A)Ignoring the signs and symptoms of aging.B)Adopting an optimistic attitude towards life.C)Endeavoring to give up unhealthy lifestyles.D)Seeking advice from doctors from time to time.。