2018年6月6级听力真题1
2018年6月英语六级考试真题及答案解析和听力原文 (第2套)
2018年6月英语六级考试真题及答案解析和听力原文 (第2套)2018年6月英语六级考试真题 (第2套)Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the importance of building trust between teachers and students. You can cite examples to illustrate your views. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1. A) She advocates animal protection.B) She sells a special kind of coffee. C) She is going to start a café chain.D) She is the owner of a special café.2. A) They bear a lot of similarities.B) They are a profitable business sector. C) They cater to different customers.D) They help take care of customers' pets.3. A) By giving them regular cleaning and injections.B) By selecting breeds that are tame and peaceful.C) By placing them at a safe distance from customers.D) By briefing customers on how to get along with them.4. A) They want to learn about rabbits.B) They like to bring in their children. C) They love the animals in her café.D) They give her café favorite reviews.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5. A) It contains too many additives.B) It lacks the essential vitamins. C) It can cause obesity.D) It is mostly garbage.6. A) Its fancy design. B) TV commercials. C) Its taste and texture. D) Peer influence.7. A) Investing heavily in the production of sweet foods.B) Marketing their products with ordinary ingredients.C) Trying to trick children into buying their products.D) Offering children more varieties to choose from.8. A) They hardly ate vegetables.B) They seldom had junk food. C) They favored chocolate-coated sweets.D) They liked the food advertised on TV.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.9. A) Stretches of farmland.B) Typical Egyptian animal farms. C) Tombs of ancient rulers.D) Ruins left by devastating floods.10. A) It provides habitats for more primitive tribes.B) It is hardly associated with great civilizations.C) It has not yet been fully explored and exploited.D) It gathers water from many tropical rain forests.11. A) It carries about one fifth of the world's fresh water.B) It has numerous human settlements along its banks.C) It is second only to the Mississippi River in width.D) It is as long as the Nile and the Yangtze combined.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.12. A) Living a life in the fast lane leads to success.B) We are always in a rush to do various things.C) The search for tranquility has become a trend.D) All of us actually yearn for a slow and calm life.13. A) She had trouble balancing family and work. C) She was accustomed to tight schedules.B) She enjoyed the various social events. D) She spent all her leisure time writing books.14. A) The possibility of ruining her family.B)Becoming aware of her declining health. C) The fatigue from living a fast-paced life.D) Reading a book about slowing down.15. A) She started to follow the cultural norms. C) She learned to use more polite expressions.B) She came to enjoy doing everyday tasks. D) She stopped using to-do lists and calendars. Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16. A) They will root out native species altogether.B) They contribute to a region's biodiversity.C) They pose a threat to the local ecosystem.D) They will crossbreed with native species.17. A) Their classifications are meaningful.B) Their interactions are hard to define. C) Their definitions are changeable.D) Their distinctions are artificial.18. A) Only a few of them cause problems to native species.B) They may turn out to benefit the local environment.C) Few of them can survive in their new habitats.D) Only 10 percent of them can be naturalized.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the recording you have just heard.19. A) Respect their traditional culture.B) Attend their business seminars. C) Research their specific demands.D) Adopt the right business strategies.20. A) Showing them your palm. C) Drinking alcohol on certain days of a month.B) Giving them gifts of great value. D) Clicking your fingers loudly in their presence.21. A) They are very easy to satisfy.B) They have a strong sense of worth. C) They tend to be friendly and enthusiastic.D) They have a break from 2:00 to 5:30 p.m.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.22. A) He completely changed the company's culture.B) He collected paintings by world-famous artists.C) He took over the sales department of Reader's Digest.D) He had the company's boardroom extensively renovated.23. A) It should be sold at a reasonable price.B) Its articles should be short and inspiring.C) It should be published in the world's leading languages.D) Its articles should entertain blue- and pink-collar workers.24. A) He knew how to make the magazine profitable.B) He served as a church minister for many years.C) He suffered many setbacks and misfortunes in his life.D) He treated the employees like members of his family.25. A) It carried many more advertisements. C) Several hundred of its employees got fired.B) George Grune joined it as an ad salesman. D) Its subscriptions increased considerably. Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Did Sarah Josepha Hale write "Mary's Little Lamb," the eternal nursery rhyme (儿歌) about a girl named Mary with a stubborn lamb? This is still disputed, but it's clear that the woman __26 for writing it was one of America's most fascinating 27 . In honor of the poem's publication on May 24, 1830, here's more about the 28 author's life.Hale wasn't just a writer, she was also a 29 social advocate, and she was particularly __30 with an ideal New England, which she associated with abundant Thanksgiving meals that she claimed had " a deep moral influence. " She began a nationwide __31 to have a national holiday declared that would bring families together while celebrating the 32 festivals.In 1863, after 17 years of advocacy including letters to five presidents, Hale got it. President Abraham Lincoln, during the Civil War, issued a 33 setting aside the last Thursday in November for the holiday.The true authorship of "Mary's Little Lamb" is disputed. According to the New EnglandHistorical Society, Hale wrote only part of the poem, but claimed authorship. Regardless of the author, it seems that the poem was 34 by a real event.When young Mary Sawyer was followed to school by a lamb in 1816, it caused some problems. A bystander named John Roulstone wrote a poem about the event, then, at some point, Hale herself seems to have helped write it. However, if a 1916 piece by her great-niece is to be trusted, Hale claimed for the 35 of her life that "some other people pretended that someone else wrote the poem".A) campaignB) careerC) characters D) featuresE) fierceF) inspiredG) latterH) obsessedI) proclamationJ) rectifiedK) reputedL) restM) supposedN) traditionalO) versatileSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Grow Plants Without Water[A] Ever since humanity began to farm our own food, we’ve faced the unpredictable rain that is both friend and enemy. It comes and goes without much warning, and a field of lush (茂盛的) leafy greens one year can dry up and blow away the next. Food security and fortunes depend on sufficient rain, and nowhere more so than in Africa, where 96% of farmland depends on rain instead of the irrigation common in more developed places. It has consequences: South Africa's ongoing drought—the worst in three decades—will cost at least a quarter of its corn crop this year.[B] Biologist Jill Farrant of the University of Cape Town in South Africa says that nature has plenty of answers for people who want to grow crops in places with unpredictable rainfall. She is hard at work finding a way to take traits from rare wild plants that adapt to extreme dry weather and use them in food crops. As the earth's climate changes and rainfall becomes even less predictable in some places, those answers will grow even more valuable. "The type of farming I'm aiming for is literally so that people can survive as it's going to get more and more dry," Farrantsays.[C] Extreme conditions produce extremely tough plants. In the rusty red deserts of South Africa, steep-sided rocky hills called inselbergs rear up from the plains like the bones of the earth. The hills are remnants of an earlier geological era, scraped bare of most soil and exposed to the elements. Yet on these and similar formations in deserts around the world, a few fierce plants have adapted to endure under ever-changing conditions.[D]Farrant calls them resurrection plants (复苏植物). During months without water under a harsh sun, they wither, shrink and contract until they look like a pile of dead gray leaves. But rainfall can revive them in a matter of hours. Her time-lapse (间歇性拍摄的) videos of the revivals look like someone playing a tape of the plant's death in reverse.[E]The big difference between "drought-tolerant" plants and these tough plants: metabolism. Many different kinds of plants have developed tactics to weather dry spells. Some plants store reserves of water to see them through a drought; others send roots deep down to subsurface water supplies. But once these plants use up their stored reserve or tap out the underground supply, they cease growing and start to die. They may be able to handle a drought of some length, and many people use the term "drought tolerant" to describe such plants, but they never actually stop needing to consume water, so Farrant prefers to call them drought resistant.[F]Resurrection plants, defined as those capable of recovering from holding less than 0.1 grams of water per gram of dry mass, are different. They lack water-storing structures, and their existence on rock faces prevents them from tapping groundwater, so they have instead developed the ability to change their metabolism. When they detect an extended dry period, they divert their metabolisms, producing sugars and certain stress-associated proteins and other materials in their tissues. As the plant dries, these resources take on first the properties of honey, then rubber, and finally enter a glass-like state that is "the most stable state that the plant can maintain," Farrant says. That slows the plant's metabolism and protects its dried-out tissues. The plants also change shape, shrinking to minimize the surface area through which their remaining water might evaporate. They can recover from months and years without water, depending on the species.[G] What else can do this dry-out-and-revive trick? Seeds—almost all of them. At the start of her career, Farrant studied "recalcitrant seeds (顽拗性种子)," such as avocados, coffee andlychee. While tasty, such seeds are delicate—they cannot bud and grow if they dry out (as you may know if you've ever tried to grow a tree from an avocado pit). In the seed world, that makes them rare, because most seeds from flowering plants are quite robust. Most seeds can wait out the dry, unwelcoming seasons until conditions are right and they sprout (发芽). Yet once they start growing, such plants seem not to retain the ability to hit the pause button on metabolism in their stems or leaves.[H] After completing her Ph. D. on seeds, Farrant began investigating whether it might be possible to isolate the properties that make most seeds so resilient (迅速恢复活力的) and transfer them to other plant tissues. What Farrant and others have found over the past two decades is that there are many genes involved in resurrection plants' response to dryness. Many of them are the same that regulate how seeds become dryness-tolerant while still attached to their parent plants. Now they are trying to figure out what molecular signaling processes activate those seed-building genes in resurrection plants—and how to reproduce them in crops. "Most genes are regulated by a master set of genes," Farrant says. "We're looking at gene promoters and what would be their master switch."[I] Once Farrant and her colleagues feel they have a better sense of which switches to throw, they will have to find the best way to do so in useful crops. "I'm trying three methods of breeding," Farrant says: conventional, genetic modification and gene editing. She says she is aware that plenty of people do not want to eat genetically modified crops, but she is pushing ahead with every available tool until one works. Farmers and consumers alike can choose whether or not to use whichever version prevails："I'm giving people an option."[J] Farrant and others in the resurrection business got together last year to discuss the best species of resurrection plant to use as a lab model. Just like medical researchers use rats to test ideas for human medical treatments, botanists use plants that are relatively easy to grow in a lab or greenhouse setting to test their ideas for related species. The Queensland rock violet is one of the best studied resurrection plants so far, with a draft genome (基因图谱) published last year by a Chinese team. Also last year, Farrant and colleagues published a detailed molecular study of another candidate, Xerophyta viscosa, a tough-as-nail South African plant with lily-like flowers, and she says that a genome is on the way. One or both of these models will help researchers test their ideas—so far mostly done in the lab—on test plots.[K] Understanding the basic science first is key. There are good reasons why crop plants do not use dryness defenses already. For instance, there's a high energy cost in switching from a regular metabolism to an almost-no-water metabolism. It will also be necessary to understand what sort of yield farmers might expect and to establish the plant's safety. "The yield is never going to be high," Farrant says, so these plants will be targeted not at Iowa farmers trying to squeeze more cash out of high-yield fields, but subsistence farmers who need help to survive a drought like the present one in South Africa. "My vision is for the subsistence farmer," Farrant says. "I'm targeting crops that are of African value."36.There are a couple of plants tough and adaptable enough to survive on bare rocky hills and in deserts.37. Farrant is trying to isolate genes in resurrection plants and reproduce them in crops.38. Farmers in South Africa are more at the mercy of nature, especially inconsistent rainfall.39.Resurrection crops are most likely to be the choice of subsistence farmers.40.Even though many plants have developed various tactics to cope with dry weather, they cannot survive a prolonged drought.41.Despite consumer resistance, researchers are pushing ahead with genetic modification of crops.42.Most seeds can pull through dry spells and begin growing when conditions are ripe, but once this process starts, it cannot be held back.43.Farrant is working hard to cultivate food crops that can survive extreme dryness by studying the traits of rare wild plants.44.By adjusting their metabolism, resurrection plants can recover from an extended period of drought.45. Resurrection plants can come back to life in a short time after a rainfall.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Human memory is notoriously unreliable. Even people with the sharpest facial-recognition skills can only remember so much.It's tough to quantify how good a person is at remembering. No one really knows how many different faces someone can recall, for example, but various estimates tend to hover in the thousands—based on the number of acquaintances a person might have.Machines aren't limited this way. Give the right computer a massive database of faces, and it can process what it sees—then recognize a face it's told to find—with remarkable speed and precision. This skill is what supports the enormous promise of facial-recognition software in the 21st century. It's also what makes contemporary surveillance systems so scary.The thing is, machines still have limitations when it comes to facial recognition. And scientists are only just beginning to understand what those constraints are. To begin to figure out how computers are struggling, researchers at the University of Washington created a massive database of faces—they call it MegaFace—and tested a variety of facial-recognition algorithms (算法) as they scaled up in complexity. The idea was to test the machines on a database that included up to 1 million different images of nearly 700,000 different people—and not just a large database featuring a relatively small number of different faces, more consistent with what's been used in other research.As the databases grew, machine accuracy dipped across the board. Algorithms that were right 95% of the time when they were dealing with a 13,000-image database, for example, were accurate about 70% of the time when confronted with 1 million images. That's still pretty good, says one of the researchers, Ira Kemelmacher-Shlizerman. "Much better than we expected," she said.Machines also had difficulty adjusting for people who look a lot alike—either doppelgangers (长相极相似的人), whom the machine would have trouble identifying as two separate people, or the same person who appeared in different photos at different ages or in different lighting, whom the machine would incorrectly view as separate people."Once we scale up, algorithms must be sensitive to tiny changes in identities and at the same time invariant to lighting, pose, age," Kemelmacher-Shlizerman said.The trouble is, for many of the researchers who'd like to design systems to address thesechallenges, massive datasets for experimentation just don't exist—at least, not in formats that are accessible to academic researchers. Training sets like the ones Google and Facebook have are private. There are no public databases that contain millions of faces. MegaFace's creators say it's the largest publicly available facial-recognition dataset out there."An ultimate face recognition algorithm should perform with billions of people in a dataset," the researchers wrote.46. Compared with human memory, machines can ________.A) identify human faces more efficiently C) store an unlimited number of human facesB) tell a friend from a mere acquaintance D) perceive images invisible to the human eye47. Why did researchers create MegaFace?A) To enlarge the volume of the facial-recognition database.B) To increase the variety of facial-recognition software.C) To understand computers' problems with facial recognition.D) To reduce the complexity of facial-recognition algorithms.48. What does the passage say about machine accuracy?A) It falls short of researchers' expectations. C) It varies greatly with different algorithms.B) It improves with added computing power. D) It decreases as the database size increases.49. What is said to be a shortcoming-of facial-recognition machines?A) They cannot easily tell apart people with near-identical appearances.B) They have difficulty identifying changes in facial expressions.C) They are not sensitive to minute changes in people's mood.D) They have problems distinguishing people of the same age.50. What is the difficulty confronting researchers of facial-recognition machines?A) No computer is yet able to handle huge datasets of human faces.B) There do not exist public databases with sufficient face samples.C) There are no appropriate algorithms to process the face samples.D) They have trouble converting face datasets into the right format.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.There're currently 21.5 million students in America, and many will be funding their collegeon borrowed money. Given that there's now over $1.3 trillion in student loans on the books, it's pretty clear that many students are far from sensible. The average student's debt upon graduation now approaches $40,000, and as college becomes ever more expensive, calls to make it "free" are multiplying. Even Hillary Clinton says that when it comes to college, "Costs won't be a barrier."But the only way college could be free is if the faculty and staff donated their time, the buildings required no maintenance, and campuses required no utilities. As long as it's impossible to produce something from nothing, costs are absolutely a barrier.The actual question we debate is who should pay for people to go to college. If taxpayers are to bear the cost of forgiving student loans, shouldn't they have a say in how their money is used?At least taxpayers should be able to decide what students will study on the public dime. If we're going to force taxpayers to foot the bill for college degrees, students should only study those subjects that're of greatest benefit to taxpayers. After all, students making their own choices in this respect is what caused the problem in the first place. We simply don't need more poetry, gender studies, or sociology majors. How do we know which subjects benefit society? Easy.Average starting salaries give a clear indication of what type of training society needs its new workers to have. Certainly, there're benefits to a college major beyond the job a student can perform. But if we're talking about the benefits to society, the only thing that matters is what the major enables the student to produce for society. And the value of what the student can produce is reflected in the wage employers are willing to pay the student to produce it.A low wage for elementary school teachers, however, doesn't mean elementary education isn't important. It simply means there're too many elementary school teachers already.Meanwhile, there're few who're willing and able to perform jobs requiring a petroleum engineering major, so the value of one more of those people is very high.So we can have taxpayers pick up students' tuition in exchange for dictating what those students will study. Or we can allow students both to choose their majors and pay for their education themselves. But in the end, one of two things is true:Either a college major is worth its cost or it isn't. If yes, taxpayer financing isn't needed. If not, taxpayer financing isn't desirable. Either way, taxpayers have no business paying for students'college education.51. What does the author think of college students funding their education through loans?A) They only expect to get huge returns.B) They are acting in an irrational way. C) They benefit at taxpayers' expense.D) They will regret doing so someday.52. In the author's opinion, free college education is ________.A) impractical B) unsustainable C) a goal to strive for D) a way to social equality53. What should students do if taxpayers are to bear their college costs?A) Work even harder to repay society.B) Choose their subjects more carefully.C) Choose majors that will serve society's practical needs.D) Allow taxpayers to participate in college administration.54. What does the author say about the value of a student's college education?A) It is underestimated by profit-seeking employers.B) It is to be proved by what they can do on the job.C) It is well reflected in their average starting salary.D) It is embodied in how they remove social barriers.55. What message does the author want to convey in the passage?A) Students should think carefully whether to go to college.B) Taxpayers should only finance the most gifted students.C) The worth of a college education is open to debate.D) College students should fund their own education.Part IV Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.中国目前拥有世界上最大最快的高速铁路网。
2018年6月英语六级听力真题及原文答案(第一套)
2018年6月英语六级听力真题及原文答案(第一套)2018年6月英语六级听力真题及原文答案（第一套全）Section AConversation 1：M：1.Tonight we have a special guest from the local establishment the Prage Cafe。
Welcome。
W：Hi，thanks for have a meal on your show。
M：Thank you for joining us。
So please tell us why do decide to open a cafe。
W：Well，we saw the opportunity to offer something a little special and different from other establishments。
Cafe certainly is a very competitive market sector。
2.There are more than plenty in our city，and we thought they are all rather similar to each other。
Wouldn’t you agree？M：Certainly yes。
So how is your establishment any different？W：Well, since people we have rabbits wandering freely on the place；our customers come in and enjoy their food and drinks，while a little rabbit playing on their legs。
There is no other place like it。
M：That’s amazing。
2018年6月英语六级真题解析及答案：第2套
2018年6月六级部分真题参考答案(完整版)Part Ⅰ WritingThe Importance of Building Trust between Businesses and ConsumersToday, in the context of this era featured by increasing commercialization and digitalization, mutually-trusted relations between businesses and consumers appear to be particularly important.As for me businesses should take a leading role in establishing the trust relationship: to be honest with their consumers. Firstly, if a business has a dishonest attitude toward its customers, the customers will lack purchasing confidence in its goods or services, which will bring huge economic loss to the business. What's worse, the adverse side effect of such dishonesty can endanger the business and it is impossible to recover. The collapse of Sanlu Milk Powder Company is a testament to this. Moreover, the incident of poisonous milk has exerted devastating consequences on the whole milk powder market. Besides, because of the proliferation of counterfeit goods, more consumers lose confidence in domestic products,and then they have no alternative but to resort to foreign brands, which is one reason why cross-border online shopping is gaining more and more popularity in China.Therefore, it is high time for us to strengthen the importance of maintaining trust between businesses and consumers to promote the healthy development of the whole social economy.Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension说明：由于2018年6月六级考试全国共考了两套听力，本套真题听力与前2套内容相同，只是选项顺序不同，因此在本套真题中不再重复出现。
2018年6月英语六级考试真题试卷附答案(完整版-第1套)
2018年6月英语六级考试真题试卷附答案(完整版-第1套)2018年6月英语六级考试真题试卷附答案（第1套）Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 mi nutes to write an essay on the importance of building trust between employers and employees . You can cite examples to illustrate yourviews. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words._________________________________________ _________________________________________ _________________________________________ _________________________________________ _________________________________________ ___________Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)听力音频MP3文件，点击进入听力真题页面Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear two lon g conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversati on and the questions will bespoken only once. Af ter you hear a question, you must choose the bes t answer from the fourchoices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 witha single line through the cen tre.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation y ou have just heard.1. A) It is a typical salad.B) It is a Spanish soup.C) It is a weird vegetable.D) It is a kind of spicy food.2. A) To make it thicker.B) To make it more nutritious.C) To add to its appeal.D) To replace an ingredient.3. A) It contains very little fat.B) It uses olive oil in cooking.C) It uses no artificial additives.D) It is mainly made of vegetables.4. A) It does not go stale for two years.B) It takes no special skill to prepare.C) It comes from a special kind of pig.D) It is a delicacy blended with bread. Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation y ou have just heard.5. A) They come in a great variety.B) They do not make decent gifts.C) They do not vary much in price.D) They go well with Italian food.6. A) $30- $40.B) $40- $50.C) $50- $60.D) Around $ 150.7. A) They are a healthy choice for elderly people.B) They are especially popular among Italians.C) They symbolize good health and longevity.D) They go well with different kinds of food.8. A) It is a wine imported from California.B) It is less spicy than all other red wines.C) It is far more expensive than he expected.D) It is Italy's most famous type of red wine. Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two pas sages. At the end of each passage, you willhear t hree or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you he ar a question, you must choose the best answer f rom the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line throughthe centre. Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you h ave just heard.9. A) Learning others' secrets.B) Searching for information.C) Decoding secret messages.D) Spreading sensational news.10. A) They helped the U. S. army in World War Ⅱ.B) They could write down spoken codes promptl y.C) They were assigned to decode enemy messages.D) They were good at breaking enemy secret co des.11. A) Important battles fought in the Pacific W ar.B) Decoding of secret messages in war times.C) A military code that was never broken.D) Navajo Indians' contribution to code breakin g.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.12. A) All services will be personalized.B) A lot of knowledge-intensive jobs will be repl aced.C) Technology will revolutionize all sectors of in dustry.D) More information will be available.13. A) In the robotics industry.B) In the information service.C) In the personal care sector.D) In high-end manufacturing.14. A) They charge high prices.B) They need lots of training.C) They cater to the needs of young people.D) They focus on customers' specific needs.15. A) The rising demand in education and healt hcare in the next 20 years.B) The disruption caused by technology in tradit ionally well-paid jobs.C) The tremendous changes new technology will bring to people's lives.D) The amazing amount of personal attention pe ople would like to have.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three re cordings of lectures or talks followed by threeor four questions. The recordings will be played on ly once. After you hear a question, you mustcho ose the best answer from the four choices marke d A), B), C) and D). Then mark thecorrespondin g letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line thro ugh centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording yo u have just heard.16. A) It was the longest road in ancient Egypt.B) It was constructed some 500 years ago.C) It lay 8 miles from the monument sites.D) It linked a stone pit to some waterways.17. A) Saws used for cutting stone.B) Traces left by early explorers.C) An ancient geographical map.D) Some stone tool segments.18. A) To transport stones to block floods.B) To provide services for the stone pit.C) To link the various monument sites.D) To connect the villages along the Nile. Questions 19 to 21 are based on the recording yo u have just heard.19. A) Dr. Gong didn't give him any conventiona l tests.B) Dr. Gong marked his office with a hand-paint ed sign.C) Dr. Gong didn't ask him any questions about his pain.D) Dr. Gong slipped in needles where he felt no pain.20. A) He had heard of the wonders acupuncture could work.B) Dr. Gong was very famous in New York's Ch inatown.C) Previous medical treatments failed to relieve his pain.D) He found the expensive medical tests unaffor dable.21. A) More and more patients ask for the treat ment.B) Acupuncture techniques have been perfected.C) It doesn't need the conventional medical tests.D) It does not have any negative side effects. Questions 22 to 25 are based on the recording yo u have just heard.22. A) They were on the verge of breaking up.B) They were compatible despite differences.C) They quarreled a lot and never resolved their arguments.D) They argued persistently about whether to ha ve children.23. A) Neither of them has any brothers or sisters.B) Neither of them won their parents' favor.C) They weren't spoiled in their childhood.D) They didn't like to be the apple of their paren ts' eyes.24. A) They are usually good at making friends.B) They tend to be adventurous and creative.C) They are often content with what they have.D) They tend to be self-assured and responsible.25. A) They enjoy making friends.B) They tend to be well adjusted.C) They are least likely to take initiative.D) They usually have successful marriages.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making yourchoices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Scientists scanning and mapping the Giza pyramids say they've discovered that the Great Pyramid of Giza is not exactly even. But really not by much. This pyramid is the oldest of the world's Seven Wonders. The pyramid's exact size has 26 experts for centuries, as the "more than 21 acres of hard, white casing stones" that originally covered it were 27 long ago. Reporting in the most recent issue of the newsletter "AERAGRAM," which 28 the work of the Ancient Egypt Research Associates, engineer Glen Dash says his team used a new measuring approach that involved finding any surviving 29 of the casing in order to determine where the original edge was. They found the east side of the pyramid to be a 30 of 5.5 inches shorter than the west side.The question that most 31 him, however, isn't how the Egyptians who designed and built the pyramid got it wrong 4,500 years ago, but how they got it so close to 32 . "We can only speculate as to how the Egyptians could have laid out these lines with such 33 using only the tools they had," Dash writes. He says his 34 is that the Egyptians laid out their design on a grid, noting that the great pyramid is oriented only 35 away from the cardinal directions (its north-south axis runs 3 minutes 54 seconds west of due north, while its east-west axis runs 3 minutes 51 seconds north of due east)—an amount that's "tiny, but similar," archeologist Atlas Obscura points out.A) chronicles B) complete C) established D) fascinates E) hypothesis F) maximum G) momentum H) mysteriously I) perfect J) precision K) puzzled L) remnants M) removed N) revelations O) slightlySection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Peer Pressure Has a Positive SideA) Parents of teenagers often view their children's friends with something like suspicion. They worry that the adolescent peer group has the power to push its members into behavior that is foolish and even dangerous. Such wariness is well founded: statistics show, for example, that a teenage driver with a same-age passenger in the car is at higher risk of a fatal crash than an adolescent driving alone or with an adult.B) In a 2005 study, psychologist Laurence Steinberg of Temple University and hisco-author, psychologist Margo Gardner, then at Temple, divided 306 people into three age groups: young adolescents, with a mean age of 14; older adolescents, with a mean age of 19; and adults, aged 24 and older. Subjects played a computerized driving game in which the player must avoid crashing into a wall that materializes, without warning, on the roadway. Steinberg and Gardner randomly assigned some participants to play alone or with two same-age peers looking on.C) Older adolescents scored about 50 percent higher on an index of risky driving when their peers were in the room—and the driving of early adolescents was fully twice as reckless when other young teens were around. In contrast, adults behaved in similar ways regardless of whether they were on their own or observed by others. "The presence of peers makes adolescents and youth, but not adults, more likely to take risks," Steinberg and Gardner concluded.D) Yet in the years following the publication of this study, Steinberg began to believe that this interpretation did not capture the whole picture. As he and other researchers examined the question of why teens were more apt to take risks in the company of other teenagers, they came to suspect that a crowd's influence need not always be negative. Now some experts are proposing that we should take advantage of the teen brain's keen sensitivity to the presence of friends and leverage it to improve education. E) In a 2011 study, Steinberg and his colleagues turned to functional MRI (磁共振) to investigate how the presence of peers affects the activity in the adolescent brain. They scanned the brains of 40 teens and adults who were playing a virtual driving game designed to test whether players would brake at a yellow light or speed on through the crossroad.F) The brains of teenagers, but not adults, showed greater activity in two regions associated with rewards when they were beingobserved by same-age peers than when alone. In other words, rewards are more intense for teens when they are with peers, which motivates them to pursue higher-risk experiences that might bring a big payoff (such as the thrill of just making the light before it turns red). But Steinberg suspected this tendency could also have its advantages. In his latest experiment, published online in August, Steinberg and his colleagues used a computerized version of a card game called the Iowa Gambling Task to investigate how the presence of peers affects the way young people gather and apply information.G) The results: Teens who played the Iowa Gambling Task under the eyes of fellow adolescents engaged in more exploratory behavior, learned faster from both positive and negative outcomes, and achieved better performance on the task than those who played in solitude. "What our study suggests is that teenagers learn more quickly and more effectively when their peers are present thanwhen they're on their own," Steinberg says. And this finding could have important implications for how we think about educating adolescents. H) Matthew D. Lieberman, a social cognitive neuroscientist at the University of California, Los Angeles, and author of the 2013 book Social: Why Our Brains Are Wired to Connect, suspects that the human brain is especially skillful at learning socially significant information. He points to a classic 2004 study in which psychologists at Dartmouth College and Harvard University used functional MRI to track brain activity in 17 young men as they listened to descriptions of people while concentrating on either socially relevant cues (for example, trying to form an impression of a person based on the description) or more socially neutral information (such as noting the order of details in the description). The descriptions were the same in each condition, but people could better remember these statements when given a social motivation.I) The study also found that when subjects thought about and later recalled descriptions in terms of their informational content, regions associated with factual memory, such as the medial temporal lobe, became active. But thinking about or remembering descriptions in terms of their social meaning activated the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex—part of the brain's social network—even as traditional memory regions registered low levels of activity. More recently, as he reported in a 2012 review, Lieberman has discovered that this region may be part of a distinct network involved in socially motivated learning and memory. Such findings, he says, suggest that "this network can be called on to process and store the kind of information taught in school—potentially giving students access to a range of untapped mental powers." J) If humans are generally geared to recall details about one another, this pattern is probably even more powerful among teenagers who are very attentive to social details: who is in,who is out, who likes whom, who is mad at whom. Their desire for social drama is not—or not only—a way of distracting themselves from their schoolwork or of driving adults crazy. It is actually a neurological (神经的) sensitivity, initiated by hormonal changes. Evolutionarily speaking, people in this age group are at a stage in which they can prepare to find a mate and start their own family while separating from parents and striking out on their own. To do this successfully, their brain prompts them to think and even obsess about others.K) Yet our schools focus primarily on students as individual entities. What would happen if educators instead took advantage of the fact that teens are powerfully compelled to think in social terms? In Social, Lieberman lays out a number of ways to do so. History and English could be presented through the lens of the psychological drives of the people involved. One could therefore present Napoleon in terms of his desire to impress or Churchill in terms of hislonely gloom. Less inherently interpersonal subjects, such as math, could acquire a social aspect through team problem solving and peer tutoring. Research shows that when we absorb information in order to teach it to someone else, we learn it more accurately and deeply, perhaps in part because we are engaging our social cognition.L) And although anxious parents may not welcome the notion, educators could turn adolescent recklessness to academic ends. "Risk taking in an educational context is a vital skill that enables progress and creativity," wrote Sarah-Jayne Blakemore, a cognitive neuroscientist at University College London, in a review published last year. Yet, she noted, many young people are especially unwilling to take risks at school—afraid that one low test score or poor grade could cost them a spot at a selective university. We should assure such students that risk, and even peer pressure, canbe a good thing—as long as it happens in the classroom and not in the car.36. It is thought probable that the human brain is particularly good at picking up socially important information.37. It can be concluded from experiments that the presence of peers increases risk-taking by adolescents and youth.38. Students should be told that risk-taking in the classroom can be something positive.39. The urge of finding a mate and getting married accounts for adolescents' greater attention to social interactions.40. According to Steinberg, the presence of peers increases the speed and effectiveness of teenagers' learning.41. Teenagers' parents are often concerned about negative peer influence.42. Activating the brain's social network involved in socially motivated learning and memory may allow students to tap unused mental powers.43. The presence of peers intensifies the feeling of rewards in teens' brains.44. When we absorb information for the purpose of imparting it to others, we do so with greater accuracy and depth.45. Some experts are suggesting that we turn peer influence to good use in education. Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.The Ebro Delta, in Spain, famous as a battleground during the Spanish Civil War, is now the setting for a different contest, one that is pitting rice farmers against two enemies: therice-eating giant apple snail, and rising sea levels. What happens here will have a bearing on the future of European rice production and the overall health of southern European wetlands.Located on the Mediterranean just two hours south of Barcelona, the Ebro Delta produces 120 million kilograms of rice a year, making it one of the continent's most important rice-growing areas. As the sea creeps into these fresh-water marshes, however, rising salinity (盐分) is hampering rice production. At the same time, this sea-water also kills off the greedy giant apple snail, an introduced pest that feeds on young rice plants. The most promising strategy has become to harness one foe against the other. The battle is currently being waged on land, in greenhouses at the University of Barcelona. Scientists working under the banner "Project Neurice" are seeking varieties of rice that can withstand the increasing salinity without losingthe absorbency that makes European rice ideal for traditional Spanish and Italian dishes. "The project has two sides," says Xavier Serrat, Neurice project manager and researcher at the University of Barcelona, "the short-term fight against the snail, and a mid- to long-term fight against climate change. But the snail has given the project greater urgency."Originally from South America, the snails were accidentally introduced into the Ebro Delta by Global Aquatic Technologies, a company that raised the snails for fresh-water aquariums (水族馆), but failed to prevent their escape. For now, the giant apple snail's presence in Europe is limited to the Ebro Delta. But the snail continues its march to new territory, says Serrat. "The question is not whether it will reach other rice-growing areas of Europe, but when."Over the next year and a half investigators will test the various strains of salt-tolerant rice they've bred. In 2018, farmers will plant the varieties with the most promise in the EbroDelta and Europe's other two main rice-growing regions—along the Po in Italy, and France's Rhone. A season in the field will help determine which, if any, of the varieties are ready for commercialization.As an EU-funded effort, the search for salt-tolerant varieties of rice is taking place in all three countries. Each team is crossbreeding a local European short-grain rice with a long-grain Asian variety that carries the salt-resistant gene. The scientists are breeding successive generations to arrive at varieties that incorporate salt tolerance but retain about 97 percent of the European rice genome (基因组).46. Why does the author mention the Spanish Civil War at the beginning of the passage?A) It had great impact on the life of Spanish rice farmers.B) It is of great significance in the records of Spanish history.C) Rice farmers in the Ebro Delta are waging a battle of similar importance.D) Rice farmers in the Ebro Delta are experiencing as hard a time as in the war.47. What may be the most effective strategy for rice farmers to employ in fighting their enemies?A) Striking the weaker enemy first.B) Killing two birds with one stone.C) Eliminating the enemy one by one.D) Using one evil to combat the other.48. What do we learn about "Project Neurice"?A) Its goals will have to be realized at a cost.B) It aims to increase the yield of Spanish rice.C) Its immediate priority is to bring the pest under control.D) It tries to kill the snails with the help of climate change.49. What does Neurice project manager say about the giant apple snail?A) It can survive only on southern European wetlands.B) It will invade other rice-growing regions of Europe.C) It multiplies at a speed beyond human imagination.D) It was introduced into the rice fields on purpose.50. What is the ultimate goal of the EU-funded program?A) Cultivating ideal salt-resistant rice varieties.B) Increasing the absorbency of the Spanish rice.C) Introducing Spanish rice to the rest of Europe.D) Popularizing the rice crossbreeding technology.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Photography was once an expensive, laborious ordeal reserved for life's greatest milestones.Now, the only apparent cost to taking infinite photos of something as common as a meal is the space on your hard drive and your dining companion's patience.But is there another cost, a deeper cost, to documenting a life experience instead of simply enjoying it? "You hear that you shouldn't take all these photos and interrupt the experience, and it's bad for you, and we're not living in the present moment," says Kristin Diehl, associate professor of marketing at the University of Southern California Marshall School of Business.Diehl and her fellow researchers wanted to find out if that was true, so they embarked on a series of nine experiments in the lab and in the field testing people's enjoyment in the presence or absence of a camera. The results, published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, surprised them. Taking photos actually makes people enjoy what they're doing more, not less."What we find is you actually look at the world slightly differently, because you're looking for things you want to capture, that you may want to hang onto," Diehl explains. "That gets people more engaged in the experience, and they tend to enjoy it more."Take sightseeing. In one experiment, nearly 200 participants boarded a double-decker bus for a tour of Philadelphia. Both bus tours forbade the use of cell phones but one tour provided digital cameras and encouraged people to take photos. The people who took photos enjoyed the experience significantly more, and said they were more engaged, than those who didn't. Snapping a photo directs attention, which heightens the pleasure you get from whatever you're looking at, Diehl says. It works for things as boring as archaeological (考古的) museums, where people were given eye-tracking glasses and instructed either to take photos or not. "People look longer at things they want tophotograph," Diehl says. They report liking the exhibits more, too.To the relief of Instagrammers (Instagram用户) everywhere, it can even make meals more enjoyable. When people were encouraged to take at least three photos while they ate lunch, they were more immersed in their meals than those who weren't told to take photos.Was it the satisfying click of the camera? The physical act of the snap? No, they found; just the act of planning to take a photo—and not actually taking it—had the same joy-boosting effect. "If you want to take mental photos, that works the same way," Diehl says. "Thinking about what you would want to photograph also gets you more engaged."51. What does the author say about photo-taking in the past?A) It was a painstaking effort for recording life's major events.B) It was a luxury that only a few wealthy people could enjoy.C) It was a good way to preserve one's precious images.D) It was a skill that required lots of practice to master.52. Kristin Diehl conducted a series of experiments on photo-taking to find out _______.A) what kind of pleasure it would actually bring to photo-takersB) whether people enjoyed it when they did sightseeingC) how it could help to enrich people's life experiencesD) whether it prevented people enjoying what they were doing53. What do the results of Diehl's experiments show about people taking pictures?A) They are distracted from what they are doing.B) They can better remember what they see or do.C) They are more absorbed in what catches their eye.D) They can have a better understanding of the world.54. What is found about museum visitors with the aid of eye-tracking glasses?A) They come out with better photographs of the exhibits.B) They focus more on the exhibits when taking pictures.C) They have a better view of what are on display.D) They follow the historical events more easily.55. What do we learn from the last paragraph?A) It is better to make plans before taking photos.B) Mental photos can be as beautiful as snapshots.C) Photographers can derive great joy from the click of the camera.D) Even the very thought of taking a photo can have a positive effect.Part IV Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.过去，拥有一辆私家车对大部分中国人而言是件奢侈的事。
2018年6月英语六级真题听力部分及答案：第1套
Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1. A) It is a typical salad.B) It is a Spanish soup.C) It is a weird vegetable.D) It is a kind of spicy food.2. A) To make it thicker.B) To make it more nutritious.C) To add to its appeal.D) To replace an ingredient.3. A) It contains very little fat.B) It uses olive oil in cooking.C) It uses no artificial additives.D) It is mainly made of vegetables.4. A) It does not go stale for two years.B) It takes no special skill to prepare.C) It comes from a special kind of pig.D) It is a delicacy blended with bread.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5. A) They come in a great variety.B) They do not make decent gifts.C) They do not vary much in price.D) They go well with Italian food.6. A) $30- $40.B) $40- $50.C) $50- $60.D) Around $ 150.7. A) They are a healthy choice for elderly people.B) They are especially popular among Italians.C) They symbolize good health and longevity.D) They go well with different kinds of food.8. A) It is a wine imported from California.B) It is less spicy than all other red wines.C) It is far more expensive than he expected.D) It is Italy's most famous type of red wine.Directions: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.9. A) Learning others' secrets.B) Searching for information.C) Decoding secret messages.D) Spreading sensational news.10. A) They helped the U. S. army in World War Ⅱ.B) They could write down spoken codes promptly.C) They were assigned to decode enemy messages.D) They were good at breaking enemy secret codes.11. A) Important battles fought in the Pacific War.B) Decoding of secret messages in war times.C) A military code that was never broken.D) Navajo Indians' contribution to code breaking.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.12. A) All services will be personalized.B) A lot of knowledge-intensive jobs will be replaced.C) Technology will revolutionize all sectors of industry.D) More information will be available.13. A) In the robotics industry.B) In the information service.C) In the personal care sector.D) In high-end manufacturing.14. A) They charge high prices.B) They need lots of training.C) They cater to the needs of young people.D) They focus on customers' specific needs.15. A) The rising demand in education and healthcare in the next 20 years.B) The disruption caused by technology in traditionally well-paid jobs.C) The tremendous changes new technology will bring to people's lives.D) The amazing amount of personal attention people would like to have.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through centre. Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16. A) It was the longest road in ancient Egypt.B) It was constructed some 500 years ago.C) It lay 8 miles from the monument sites.D) It linked a stone pit to some waterways.17. A) Saws used for cutting stone.B) Traces left by early explorers.C) An ancient geographical map.D) Some stone tool segments.18. A) To transport stones to block floods.B) To provide services for the stone pit.C) To link the various monument sites.D) To connect the villages along the Nile.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the recording you have just heard.19. A) Dr. Gong didn't give him any conventional tests.B) Dr. Gong marked his office with a hand-painted sign.C) Dr. Gong didn't ask him any questions about his pain.D) Dr. Gong slipped in needles where he felt no pain.20. A) He had heard of the wonders acupuncture could work.B) Dr. Gong was very famous in New York's Chinatown.C) Previous medical treatments failed to relieve his pain.D) He found the expensive medical tests unaffordable.21. A) More and more patients ask for the treatment.B) Acupuncture techniques have been perfected.C) It doesn't need the conventional medical tests.D) It does not have any negative side effects.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.22. A) They were on the verge of breaking up.B) They were compatible despite differences.C) They quarreled a lot and never resolved their arguments.D) They argued persistently about whether to have children.23. A) Neither of them has any brothers or sisters.B) Neither of them won their parents' favor.C) They weren't spoiled in their childhood.D) They didn't like to be the apple of their parents' eyes.24. A) They are usually good at making friends.B) They tend to be adventurous and creative.C) They are often content with what they have.D) They tend to be self-assured and responsible.25. A) They enjoy making friends.B) They tend to be well adjusted.C) They are least likely to take initiative.D) They usually have successful marriages.第1套听力答案1. B) It is a Spanish soup.2. A) To make it thicker.3. D) It is mainly made of vegetables.4. C) It comes from a special kind of pig.5. B) They do not make decent gifts.6. A) $30-$40.7. D) They go well with different kinds of food.8. D) It is Italy's most famous type of red wine.9. C) Decoding secret messages.10. A) They helped the U. S. army in World War Ⅱ.11. C) A military code that was never broken.12. B) A lot of knowledge-intensive jobs will be replaced.13. C) In the personal care sector.14. A) They charge high prices.15. B) The disruption caused by technology in traditionally well-paid jobs.16. D) It linked a stone pit to some waterways.17. A) Saws used for cutting stone.18. B) To provide services for the stone pit.19. D) Dr. Gong slipped in needles where he felt no pain.20. C) Previous medical treatments failed to relieve his pain.21. A) More and more patients ask for the treatment.22. C) They quarreled a lot and never resolved their arguments.23. A) Neither of them has any brothers or sisters.24. D) They tend to be self-assured and responsible.25. B) They tend to be well adjusted.。
(完整版)2018年6月大学英语四级真题试卷一及答案
2018年6月大学英语四级真题试卷一及答案(完整版)Part I Writing (30 minutes)(请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试) Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an a short easy on the importance of speaking ability and how to develop it.You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and questions will be spoken only once. After you hear questions, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
Questions 1 to 2 are based on the new report you have just heard.1. A) The return of a bottled message to its owner's daughter.B)A New Hampshire man's joke with friends on his wife.C)A father's message for his daughter.D)The history of a century-old motel.2. A) She wanted to show gratitude for his kindness.B)She wanted to honor her father's promise.C)She had been asked by her father to do so.D)She was excited to see her father's handwriting.Questions 3 to 4 are based on the new report you have just heard。
2018年6月英语六级听力真题及原文答案(第一套)
2018年6月英语六级听力真题及原文答案（第一套全）Section AConversation 1：M：1.Tonight we have a special guest from the local establishment the Prage Cafe。
Welcome。
W：Hi，thanks for have a meal on your show。
M：Thank you for joining us。
So please tell us why do decide to open a cafe。
W：Well，we saw the opportunity to offer something a little special and different from other establishments。
Cafe certainly is a very competitive market sector。
2.There are more than plenty in our city，and we thought they are all rather similar to each other。
Wouldn’t you agree？M：Certainly yes。
So how is your establishment any different？W：Well, since people we have rabbits wandering freely on the place；our customers come in and enjoy their food and drinks，while a little rabbit playing on their legs。
There is no other place like it。
M：That’s amazing。
How do you come up with the idea？W：So we thought why not rabbit？People love the rabbits，they are very cute animals。
2018.6四级全三套真题及答案(附听力原文)
2018年6月全国大学英语四级考试（全三套）（听力共两套）听力第一套Section ANews Report OneA message in a bottle sent out to sea by a New Hampshire man more than five decades ago was found 1500 miles away and he’s been returned to his daughter. The long lost message was discovered by Clint Buffington of Utah while he was vacationing. Buffington says he found a soda bottle half-buried in the sand that looked like it had been there since the beginning of time.The note inside the bottle said, "Return to 419 Ocean Street and receive a reward of $150 from Richard and Tina Pierce, owners of the beach Comber motel.The motel was owned by the Paula Pierce in 1960. Her father had written the notes as a joke and had thrown it into the Atlantic Ocean. Buffington flew to New Hampshire to deliver that message to Pola Pierce. She held up to her father's promise giving Buffington that reward. But the biggest reward is the message in a bottle finding its way back home. Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard. 1. What is the news report mainly about?2. Why did Paula Pierce give Clint Buffington the reward?News Report TwoMillions of bees have died in South Carolina during aerial insect spraying operations that were carried out to combat the Zika virus. The insects spraying over the weekend left more than 2 million bees dead on the spot in Dorchester county South Carolina, where four travel-related cases of Zika disease have been confirmed in the area. Most of the deaths came from Flower Town Bee farm, a company in Somerville that sells bees and honey products. Juanita Stanley who owns the company said the farm looks like it's been destroyed. The farm lost about 2.5 million bees. Dorchester county officials apologized for the accidental mass killing of bees. Dorchester County is aware that some beekeepers in the area that was sprayed on Sunday lost their bee colonies. County manager Jason Ward said in a statement. “I'm not pleased that so many bees were killed.”Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3. Why was spraying operations carried out in Dorchester County?4. What does the news reports say about Flower Town Bee farm? News Report ThreeThe world's largest aircraft has taken to the skies for the first time. The Airlander 10 spent nearly 2 hours in the air having taken off from Coddington airfield in Bedfordshire. During its flight it reached 3000 feet and performed a series of gentle turns all over a safe area. The aircraft is massive as long as a football field and as tall as 6 double decker buses and capable of flying for up to 5 days. It was first developed for the US government as a long range spy aircraft, but was abandoned following budget cutbacks. The aircraft cost 25 million pounds and can carry heavier loads than huge jet planes while also producing less noise and omitting less pollution. The makers believe it's the future of aircraft and one day we'll be using them to go places. But there's still a long way to go. The Airlander will need to have 200 hours flying time before being allowed to fly by the aviation administration if it passes though we can hope we'll all get some extra legroom.Questions 5 and 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. What do we learn about the first flight of the Airlander 10?6. What caused the US government to abandon the Airlander 10 as a spy aircraft?7. What is the advantage of the Airlander 10 over huge jet planes? Section BConversation OneM: Do you feel like going out tonight？W：Yeah，why not，we haven’t been out for ages, what’s on?M: Well, there’s a film about climate change. Does it sound good to you?W: No, not really, it doesn’t really appeal to me. What’s it about? Just climate change?M: I think it’s about how climate change affects everyday life. I wonder how they make it entertaining.W: Well, it sounds really awful, it’s an important subject I agree. But I am not in the mood for anything depressing. What else is on?M：There’s a Spanish dance festival.W: Oh, I love dance. That sounds really interesting.M: Apparently, it’s absolutely brilliant. Let’s see what it says in the paper.A leads an exciting production of the great Spanish love story Kamen.W: Ok, then. What time is it on?M: At 7:30.W: Well, that’s no good. We haven’t got enough time to get there. Is there anything else?.There’s a comedy special on.W: Where’s it on?M: It’s at the city theater. It’s a charity comedy night with lots of different acts. It looks pretty good. The critic in the local the paper says it’s the funniest thing he’s ever seen. It says here Roger Whitehead is an amazing host to a night of fun performances.W: Em.. I am not keen on him. He is not very funny.M: Are you sure your fancy going out tonight? You are not very enthusiastic.W: Perhaps you are right. Okay, let’s go to see the dance. But tomorrow, not tonight.M: Great, I’ll book the tickets online.Questions 8 and 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. What does the women think of the climate change?9. Why do the speakers give up going to the Spanish dance festival tonight?10. What does the critic say about the comedy performed at the city theater?11. What does the woman decide to do tomorrow?Conversation TwoW: Good morning Mr. Lee, May I have a minutes of your time?M: Sure Katherine, what can I do for you?W: I’m quiet anxious about transferring over to our college, I’m afraid I won’t fit in.M: don't worry Katherine, it’s completely normal for you to be nervous about transferring schools, this happens to many transfer students. W: Yes, I know, but I’m younger than most students in my year and that worries me a lot.M: Well, you may be the only younger one in your year, but you know, we have a lot of after-school activities you can join in, and so, this way, you will be able to meet new friends of different age groups.W: That’s nice, I love games and hobby groups.M: I’m sure you do, so will be just fine, don’t worry so much and try to make the most of what we have on offer here, also, remember that you can come to me anytime of the day if you need help.W: Thanks so much, I definitely feel better now, as a matter of fact, I’ve already contacted one of the girls who will be living in the same house with me, and she seemed really nice. I guess living on campus, I'll have a chance to have a close circle of friends, since we'll be living together.M: All students are very friendly with new arrivals. Let me check who would be living with you in your flat. Okay. There are Hannah, Kelly, and Bree. Bree is also a new student here, like you, I’m sure you two ‘ll have more to share with each other.Questions 12 and 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. Why does Katherine feel anxious?13. What does Mr. Lee encourage Katherine to do?14. What does Mr. Lee promised to do for Katherine?15. What do we learn about Katherine’schoolmate Bree?Section CPassage OneHave you ever felt like you would do just about anything to satisfy your hunger? A new study in mice may help to explain why hunger can feel like such a powerful motivating force. In the study, researchers found that hunger outweighed other physical drives, including fear, thirst and social needs.To determine which feeling won out, the researchers did a series of experiments. In one experiment, the mice were both hungry and thirsty. When given the choice of either eating food or drinking water, the mice went for the food, the researchers found. However, when the mice werewell-fed but thirsty, they opted to drink, according to the study. In the second experiment meant to pit the mice's hunger against their fear, hungry mice were placed in a cage that had certain "fox-scented" areas and other places that smelled safer (in other words, not like an animal that could eat them) but also had food. It turned out that, when the mice were hungry, they ventured into the unsafe areas for food. But when the mice were well-fed, they stayed in areas of the cage that were considered "safe." Hunger also outweighed the mice's social needs, the researchers found. Mice are usually social animals and prefer to be in the company of other mice, according to the study. When the mice were hungry, they opted to leave the company of other mice to go get food.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard. 16. What is the researchers’purpose in carrying out the serious experiment with mice?17. In what circumstances, do mice venture into unsafe areas?18. What is said about mice at the end of the passage?Passage TwoThe United States has one of the best highway systems in the world. Interstate highways connect just about every large and mid-sized city in the country. Did you ever wonder why such a complete system of excellent roads exists? For an answer，you would have to go back to theearly 1920s. In those years, just after World War I, the military wanted to build an American highway system for national defense. Such a system could, if necessary, move troops quickly from one area to another. It could also get people out of cities in danger of being bombed. So-called roads of national importance were designated, but they were mostly small country roads. In 1944, Congress passed a bill to upgrade the system, but did not fund the plan right away. In the 1950s, the plan began to become a reality. Over $25 billion was appropriated by congress, and construction began on about 40,000 miles of new roads. The idea was to connect the new system to existing expressways and freeways. And though the system was built mostly to make car travel easier, defense was not forgotten. For instance, highway overpasses had to be high enough to allow trailers carrying military missiles to pass under them. By 1974, this system was mostly completed. A few additional roads would come later. Quick and easy travel between all parts of the country was now possible.Questions 19 and 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. What does the speaker say about the American highway system?20. What was the original purpose of building a highway system?21. When was the interstate highway system mostly completed? Passage ThreeTexting while driving was listed as a major cause of road deaths among young Americans back in 2013. A recent study said that 40% of American teens claim to have been in a car when the driver used a cell phone in a way that put people in danger. This sounds like a widespread disease but it's one that technology may now helped cure. T.J. Evarts, a 20- year-old inventor, has come up with a novel solution that could easily put texting drivers on notice. It's called Smart Wheel, and it's designed to fit over the steering wheel of most standard vehicles to track whether or not the driver has two hands on the wheel at all times. Evarts’invention warns the drivers with the light and the sound when they hold the wheel with one hand only, but as soon as they place the other hand back on the wheel the light turns back to green and the sound stops. It also watches for what's called “close by hands”, where both hands are close together near the top of the wheel so the driver can type with both thumbs and drive at the same time. All the data Smart Wheel collects is also sent to a connected app. So any parents who install Smart Wheel can keep track of the teens’driving habits. If they try to remove or damage the cover, that's reported as well.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. What is a major cause of road deaths among young Americans?23. What is Smart Wheel?24. What happens if the driver has one hand on the wheel?25. How do parents keep track of their teens’driving habits? 参考答案：ABBCA CDADC BDCAD BACDB ABACB听力第二套参考答案：Section A1. B) Scared.2. D) It was covered with large scales.3. A) A Study of the fast-food service.4. C) Increased variety of products.5. C) US government’s approval of private space missions.6. A) Deliver scientific equipment to the moon.7. B) It is promising.Section B8. D) Lying in the sun on a Thai beach.9. A) She visited a Thai orphanage10. D)His phone is running out of power.11. C ) He collects things from different countries.12. D) Trying out a new gym in town.13. C) A discount for a half-year membership.14. D) The operation of fitness equipment.15. C) She knows the basics of weight-lifting.Section C16. B) They often apply for a number of positions..A) Get better organized.18. D) Apply for more promising positions.19. B) If not forced to go to school, kids would be out in the streets.20. D) Design activities they now enjoy doing on holidays.21. D)Take kids out of school to learn at first hand22. C) It is seen almost anywhere and on any occasion.23 D) It offers people a chance to socialize.24 A) Their state of mind improved.25 B) It is life.阅读第一套Section A26. E) constructed27. O) undertaken28. F) consulted29. C) collection30. N) scale31. I) eventually32. K) necessarily33. L) production34. A) cheaper35. J) heightSection B36. K）A 20-year-old junior at Georgia Southern University told BuzzFeed News that she normally…37. D）“When we talk about the access code we see it as the new face of the textbook monopoly(垄断), a new way to lock students around this system,”…38. M）Harper, a poultry（家禽）science major, is taking chemistry again this year and had to buy a new access code to hand in her homework…39. G）The access codes may be another financial headache for students, but for textbook businesses, they’re the future…40. B）The codes—which typically range in price from ＄80 to ＄155 per course—give students online access to systems developed by education companies like McGraw Hill and Pearson…41. L）Benjamin Wolverton, a 19-year-old student at the University of South Carolina, told BuzzFeed News that…42. H）A Pearson spokesperson told BuzzFeed News that “digital materials are less expensive and a good investment”that offer new features,…43. F）She decided to wait for her next work-study paycheck, which was typically $150-$200, to pay for the code…44. J）David Hunt, an associate professor in sociology at Augusta University, which has rolled out digital textbooks across its math and psychology departments,…45. C）But critics say the digital access codes represent the sameprofit-seeking ethos(观念) of the textbook business, and are even harder for students to opt out of…Section CPassage One开头英语为：Losing your ability46. A) Not all of them are symptoms of dementia.答案出处: There are pretty clear differences between signs of dementia and age-related memory loss.47. C) Communication within our brain weakens.答案出处: Changes in brain cells can affect communication between different regions of the brain.48. A) Totally forgetting how to do one's daily routines.答案出处: Forgetting how to operate a familiar object like a microwave oven, or forgetting how to drive to the house of a friend you’ve visited many times before can also be signs of something going wrong.49. C) Turn to a professional for assistance.答案出处: Daffner suggests going to your doctor to check on medications, health problems and other issues that could be affecting memory.50. D) Staying active both physically and mentally.答案出处: And the best defense against memory loss is to try to prevent by building up your brain's cognitive reserve.In other words, keep your brain busy and working. And also get physically active, because exercise is a known brain booster.Passage Two文章开头是A letter51. What happened to Darwin's letter in the 1970s?B) It was stolen more than once.答案出处：“We realized in the mid-1970s that it was missing,”…. likely taken by an intern (实习生)”…“The intern likely took the letter again once nobody was watching it.”52. What did the FBI do after the recovery of the letter?A) They proved its authenticity.答案出处：Their art crime team recovered the letter but were unable to press charges because the time of limitations had ended. The FBI worked closely with the Archives to determine that the letter was both authentic and definitely Smithsonian’s property.53. What is Darwin's letter about?D) His acknowledgement for help from a professional.答案出处：The letter was written by Darwin to thank an American geologist, Dr. Ferdinand Vandeveer Hayden, for sending him copies ofhis research into the geology of the region that would become Yellowstone National Park.54. What will the Smithsonian Institution Archives do with the letter according to Kapsalis?D) Make it available online.答案出处：After it is repaired, we will take digital photos of it and that will be available online.55. What has the past half century witnessed according to Kapsalis?B) Radical changes in archiving practices.答案出处：…“Archiving practices have changed greatly since the 1970s,”says Kapsalis, “and we keep our high value documents in a safe…”阅读第二套Section A26-30 M N C J F 31-35 K L B I E26. M) pollutants27. N) restricted28. C) consequence29. J) innovation30. F) detail31. K) intended32. L) outdoor33. B) collaborating34. I) inhabitants35. E) creatingSection BAs Tourists Crowd Out Locals, Venice Faces “Endangered”List36. E Just beyond St. Mark’s Square…37. J Earlier this year …38. G Venice’s deadline passed with …39. C Venice is one of…40. N Then it hits him…41. F For a time, UNESCO, …42. B “People are cheering and holding …”43. L The city’s current mayor, Luigi Brugnaro …44. D Laura Chigi, a grandmother at the march, …45. H But UNESCO didn’t even hold a vote …Section CPassage one46. C) Help them build a positive attitude towards life.47. A) Earn more money.48. C) How long its positive effect lasts.49. D) Their communication with others improved.50. A) Find financial support.Passage Two51. C) They all experienced terrible misfortunes.52. B) The utmost comfort passengers could enjoy.53. A) It was a mere piece of decoration.54. D) The belief that they could never sink with a double-layer body.55. A) She was used to carry troops.阅读第三套Section A26. C) cast27. L) replaced28. F) efficient29. J) professionals30. E) decorative31. G) electrified32. I) photographed33. B) approach34. K) quality35. H) identify长篇阅读n-American students have been eager participants…37.C.But instead of bringing families together…38.I.The issue of the stresses felt by students in elites school…39.E.The district has become increasingly popular with..40.B.With his letter…41.K.Not all public opinion…42.H.Jennifer Lee…43.D.About 10 minutes44.A.This fall…45.G.Both Asian-American and white families…Section C仔细阅读Passage One46. A) Senesa’s thinking is still applicable today.47. B) It is a teaching tool under development.48. C) It helps them learn their academic subjects better.49. D) They use various ways to explain the materials.50. B) Their emotional involvement.Passage Two51:D) They are beter educated than their counterparts.52 C ) They think it needs further improving.53. B) Job stability and flexibility.54. D) The balance between work and family.55. A) They still view this world as one dominated by males.翻译第一套：过去，乘飞机出行对大多数中国人来说是难以想象的。
2018年6月英语六级听力真题及原文答案
2018年6月英语六级听力真题及原文答案（第一套全）Section AConversation 1：M： we have a special guest from the local establishment the Prage Cafe。
Welcome。
W：Hi，thanks for have a meal on your show。
M：Thank you for joining us。
So please tell us why do decide to open a cafe。
W：Well，we saw the opportunity to offer something a little special and different from other establishments。
Cafe certainly is a very competitive market sector。
are more than plenty in our city，and we thought they are all rather similar to each other。
Wouldn’t you agree？M：Certainly yes。
So how is your establishment any different？W：Well, since people we have rabbits wandering freely on the place；our customers come in and enjoy their food and drinks，while a little rabbit playing on their legs。
There is no other place like it。
M：That’s amazing。
How do you come up with the idea？W：So we thought why not rabbit？People love the rabbits，they are very cute animals。
2018年6月四级英语听力真题(共两套,含答案及原文)
2018年06月四级英语听力真题第一套Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. A) The return of a bottled message to its owner's daughter.B) A New Hampshire man's joke with friends on his wife.C) A father's message for his daughter.D) The history of a century-old motel.2. A) She wanted to show gratitude for his kindness.B) She wanted to honor her father's promise.C) She had been asked by her father to do so.D) She was excited to see her father's handwriting.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3. A) People were concerned about the number of bees.B) Several cases of Zika disease had been identified.C) Two million bees were infected with disease.D) Zika virus had destroyed some bee farms.4. A) It apologized to its customers.B) It was forced to kill its bees.C) It lost a huge stock of bees.D) It lost 2.5 million dollars.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. A) It stayed in the air for about two hours.B) It took off and landed on a football field.C) It proved to be of high commercial value.D) It made a series of sharp turns in the sky.6. A) Engineering problems.B) The air pollution it produced.C) Inadequate funding.D) The opposition from the military.7. A) It uses the latest aviation technology.B) It flies faster than a commercial jet.C) It is a safer means of transportation.D) It is more environmentally friendly.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A) It seems a depressing topic.B) It sounds quite alarming.C) It has little impact on our daily life.D) It is getting more serious these days.9. A) The man doesn't understand Spanish.B) The woman doesn't really like dancing.C) They don't want something too noisy.D) They can't make it to the theatre in time.10. A) It would be more fun without Mr. Whitehead hosting.B) It has too many acts to hold the audience's attention.C) It is the most amusing show he has ever watched.D) It is a show inappropriate for a night of charity.11. A) Watch a comedy.B) Go and see the dance.C) Book the tickets online.D) See a film with the man.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A) Most of her schoolmates are younger than she is.B) She simply has no idea what school to transfer to.C) There are too many activities for her to cope with.D) She worries she won't fit in as a transfer student.13. A) Seek advice from senior students.B) Pick up some meaningful hobbies.C) Participate in after-school activities.D) Look into what the school offers.14. A) Give her help whenever she needs it.B) Accept her as a transfer student.C) Find her accommodation on campus.D) Introduce her to her roommates.15. A) She has interests similar to Mr. Lee's.B) She has become friends with Catherine.C) She has chosen the major Catherine has.D) She has just transferred to the college.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) To investigate how being overweight impacts on health.B) To find out which physical drive is the most powerful.C) To discover what most mice like to eat.D) To determine what feelings mice have.17. A) When they are hungry.B) When they are thirsty.C) When they smell food.D) When they want company.18. A) They search for food in groups.B) They are overweight when food is plenty.C) They prefer to be with other mice.D) They enjoy the company of other animals.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A) Its construction started before World War I.B) Its construction cost more than $ 40 billion.C) It is efficiently used for transport.D) It is one of the best in the world.20. A) To improve transportation in the countryside.B) To move troops quickly from place to place.C) To enable people to travel at a higher speed.D) To speed up the transportation of goods.21. A) In the 1970s.B) In the 1960s.C) In the 1950s.D) In the 1940s.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A) Chatting while driving.B) Messaging while driving.C) Driving under age.D) Speeding on highways.23. A) A gadget to hold a phone on the steering wheel.B) A gadget to charge the phone in a car.C) A device to control the speed of a vehicle.D) A device to ensure people drive with both hands.24. A) The car keeps flashing its headlights.B) The car slows down gradually to a halt.C) They are alerted with a light and a sound.D) They get a warning on their smart phone.25. A) Installing a camera.B) Using a connected app.C) Checking their emails.D) Keeping a daily record.答案1. A2. B3. B4. C5. A6. C7. D8. A9. D10. C11. B12. D13. C14. A15. D16. B17. A18. C19. D20. B21. A22. B23. D24. C25. B2018年06月四级英语听力真题第一套听力原文短篇新闻News report 1 来自50年前的漂流瓶A message in a bottle sent out to sea by a New Hampshire man more than five decades ago was found 1,500 miles away. And it has been returned to his daughter. A long-last message was discovered by Clint Buffington of Utah while he was vacationing. Buffington says he found a soda bottle half-buried in the sand that looked like it had been there since the beginning of time. The note inside the bottle said, ‘Return to 419 Ocean Street, andreceive a reward of $150 from Richard and Tina Pierce, owners of a beachcomber motel.’ The motel was owned by the parents of Paula Piece in 1960. Her father had written the note as a joke and had thrown it into the Atlantic Ocean. Buffington flew to New Hampshire to deliver the message to Paula Piece. She held up to her father’s promise, giving Buffington that reward. But the biggest reward is the message in the bottle finding its way back home.Question 1. What is the news report mainly about?1. A）The return of a bottled message to its owner's daughter.Question 2. Why did Paula Piece give Clint Buffington the reward?2. B）She wanted to honor her father's promise.News report 2 数百万蜜蜂在南卡罗来纳州死亡Millions of bees have died in South Carolina during aerial insect spraying operations that were carried out to combat the Zika virus. The insect spraying over the weekends left more than 2 million bees dead on the spot in Dorchester County, South Carolina, where 4 travel-related cases of Zika disease have been confirmed in the area. Most of the deaths came from the Flowertown Bee Farm, a company in Summerville that sells bees and honey products. Juanita Stanley who owns the company said the farm looks like it’s been destroyed. The farm lost about 2.5 million bees. Dorchester County officials apologized for the accidental mass killing of bees. Dorchester County is aware that some bee keepers in the area that were sprayed on Sunday lost their bee colonies, county manager Jason Wars said in the statement, ‘I’m not pleased that so many bees were killed’.Question 3. Why was spraying operations carried out in Dorchester County?3. B）Several cases of Zika disease had been identified.Question 4. What does news report say about Flowertown Bee Farm?4. C）It lost a huge stock of bees.News report 3 世界上最大的飞机首次试飞The world’s largest aircraft has taken to the sky for the first time. The Airlander 10 spent nearly 2 hours in the air, having taken off from Cardington Airfield in Bedfordshire. During its flight, it reached 3,000 feet and performed a series of gentle turns all over a safe area. The aircraft isn’t massive as long as a football field and as tall as a 6 double-decker buses and capable of flying for up to 5 days. It was first developed for the US government as a long-wing spy aircraft. But it was abandoned following budget cutbacks. The aircraft costs 25 million pounds and can carry heavier loads than huge jet planes while also producing less noise and emitting less pollution. The makers believe it’s the future of aircraft, and one day we’ll be using them to go places. But there’s still a long way to go. The Airlander will need to have 200 hours flying time before being allowed to fly by the aviation administration. If it passes through, we can hope we’ll all get some extra leg room.Question 5. What do we learn about the first flight of the Airlander 10?5. A）It stayed in the air for about two hours.Question 6. What caused the US government to abandon the Airlander 10 as a spy aircraft?6. C）Inadequate funding.Question 7. What is the advantage of Airlander 10 over huge jet planes?7. D）It is more environmentally friendly.长对话Conversation 1 长对话1 气候变化vs 西班牙舞蹈节M: Do you feel like going out tonight?W: yeah, why not? We haven’t been out for ages! What’s on?M: Well, there is a film about climate change. Dose it sound good to you?W: Oh, not really. It doesn’t really appeal to me. What’s it about? Just climate change? M: I think it’s about how climate change affects everyday life. I wonder how they make it entertaining.W: Well, it sounds really awful. It’s an important subject, I agree. But I’m not in the mood for anything depressing. What else is on?M: There’s a Spanish dance festival.W: Oh, I love dance. That sounds really interesting.M: apparently, it’s absolutely brilliant. Let’s see what it says in the paper. Anna Gomez leads in an exciting production of a great Spanish love story, Carmen.W: Okay then, what time is it on?M: at 7:30W: well, that’s no good. We haven’t got enough time to get there. Is there anything else? M: There’s a comedy special on.W: where is it on?M: It’s at the city theater. It’s a charity comedy night with lots of different acts. It looks pretty good. The critic in the local paper says it’s the funniest things he’s ever seen. It says here Roger white head is an amazing host to a night a fun performances.W: Hummm, I’m not keen on him. He is not very funny.M: Are you sure you fancy going out tonight? You are not very enthusiastic.W: Perhaps you are right. Okay, let’s go see the dance. But tomorrow, not tonight.M: Great, I’ll book the tickets online.Q8: What dose the woman think about climate change?8. A）It seems a depressing topic.Q9: Why do the speakers give up going to the Spanish dance festival tonight?9.D）They can't make it to the theater.Q10: What dose the credit says about the comedy performed in the city theater?10. C）It is the most amusing show he has ever seen.Q11: What does the woman decide to do tomorrow?11. B）Go and see the dance.Conversation 2 长对话2 转校生W: Good morning Mr. Lee, may I have a minute of your time?M: Sure, Catherine. What can I do for you?W: I’m quite anxious about transferring over to your college. I’m afraid I won’t fit in.M: Don’t worry, Catherine. It’s completely normal for you to be nervous about transferring schools. This happens to many transfer students.W: Yes, I know, but I’m younger than most students in my year and that worries me a lot. M: Well, you may be the only younger one in your year, but you know we have a lot of afterschool activities you can join in, and so this way, you’ll be able to meet new friends of different age groups.W: That’s nice! I love games and hobby groups.M: I’m sure you do. So you will be just fine. Don’t worry so much and try to make the most of what we have on offer here. Also, remember you can come to me any time of the day if you need help. W: Thanks so much. I definitely feel better now. As a matter of fact, I’ve already contacted one of the girls who’s been living in the same house with me, and she seems really nice. I guess living on campus, I’ll have a chance to have a close circle of friends since we’ll be living together.M: All students are very friendly with new arrivals. Let me check who would be living with you in your flat. Okay, there hare Hannah, Kelly and Bree. Bree is also a new student here like you. I’m sure you two will have more to share with each other.Q12: Why does Catherine feel anxious?Q13: What does Mr. Lee encourage Catherine to do?Q14: What does Mr. Lee promise to do for Catherine?Q15: What do we learn about Catherine's schoolmate Bree?12. D）She worries she won't fit in as a transfer student.13. C）Participate in after-school activities.14.A）Give her help whenever she needs.15. D）She has just transferred to college.听力篇章Passage 1 饥饿强大的推动力Have you ever felt like you would do just about anything to satisfy your hunger? A new study in mice may help to explain why hunger can feel like such a powerful motivating force. In the study, researchers found that hunger out weights other physical drives including fear, thirst and social needs. To determine which feeling won out, the researchers did a series of experiments. In one experiment, the mice were both hungry and thirsty. When given the choice of either eating food or drinking water, the mice went for the food, the researchers found. However, when the mice were well-fed but thirsty, they opted to drink according to the study. In the second experiment, meant to pit the mice’s hunger against their fear, hungry mice were placed in a cage that has certain fox scented areas and other places that smell safer; in other words, not like an animal that could eat them but also had food. It turned out that when the mice were hungry, they ventured into the unsafe areas for food. But when the mice were well-fed, they stayed in the area of the cage that were considered safe. Hunger also out weights the mice’s social needs, the researchers found. Mice are usually social animals and prefer to be in the company of other mice according to the study. When the mice were hungry, they opted to leave the company of other mice to go get food. Q16: What is the researchers’ purpose in carrying out the series of experiments with mice? Q17: In what circumstances do mice venture into unsafe areas?Q18: What is said about mice at the end of the passage?16. B）T o find out which physical drive is the most powerful.17. A）When they are hungry.18. C）They prefer to be with other mice.Passage 2 美国高速公路系统The United States has one of the best highway systems in the world. Interstate highways connect just about every large and mid-sized city in the country. Did you ever wonder whysuch a complete system of excellent roads exists? For an answer, you would have to go back to the early 1920s. In those years, just after World War I, the military wanted to build an American highway system for national defense. Such a system could, if necessary, move troops quickly from one area to another. It could also get people out of cities and danger of being bombed. So-called roads of national importance were designated, but they were mostly small country roads. In 1944, Congress passed a bill to upgrade the system but did not fund the plan right away. In the 1950s, the plan began to become a reality. Over 25 billion dollars was appropriated by Congress, and construction began on about 40 thousand miles of new roads. The idea was to connect the new system to existing express ways and freeways. And though the system was built mostly to make car travel easier, defense was not forgotten. For instance, highway overpasses have to be high enough to allow trailers carrying military missiles to pass under them. By 1974, the system was mostly completed. A few additional roads would come later. Quick and easy travel between all parts of the country was now possible.Q19: What does the speaker say about the American highway system?Q20: What was the original purpose of building a highway system?Q21: When was the interstate highway system mostly completed?19. D）It is one of the best in the world.20. B）T o move troops quickly from place to place.21. A）In the 1970s.Passage 3 开车用手机发消息是车祸致死的主要原因/智能方向盘Texting while driving was listed as a major cause of road deaths among young Americans back in 2013. A recent study said that 40% of American teens claim to have been in a car when the driver used a cellphone in the way that put people in danger. It sounds like a wide-spread disease, but it’s one that technology may now help to cure. TJ Evarts, a 20-year-old inventor, has come up with a novel solution that could easily put texting drivers on notice. It’s called ‘Smart Wheel’. And it’s a design to fit over the steering wheel of most standard vehicles to track whether or not the driver has two hands on the wheel at all times. Evarts’ invention warns the drivers with a light and a sound when they hold the wheel with one hand only. But as soon as they place another hand back on the wheel, the light turns back to green and the sound stops. It also watches for what’s called ‘close-by hands’, where both hands are close together near the top of the wheel, so the driver can type with both thumbs and drive at the same time. All the data Smart Wheel collects is also sent to a connected app. So any parent who installs Smart Wheel can keep track of the teens’ driving habits. If they try to remove or damage the cover that’s reported as well. Question 22. What is a major cause of road deaths among young Americans?Question 23. What is ‘Smart Wheel’?Question 24. What happens if the driver has one hand on the wheel?Question 25. How do parents keep track of their teens’ driving habits?22. B）Messaging while driving23. D）A device to ensure people drive with both hands.24. C）They are alerted with a light and a sound.25. B）Using a connected app.2018年06月四级英语听力真题第二套Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. A) Annoyed.B) Scared.C) Confused.D) Offended.2. A) It crawled over the woman's hands.B) It wound up on the steering wheel.C) It was killed by the police on the spot.D) It was covered with large scales.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3. A) A study of the fast-food service.B) Fast food customer satisfaction.C) McDonald's new business strategies.D) Competition in the fast-food industry.4. A) Customers' higher demands.B) The inefficiency of employees.C) Increased variety of products.D) The rising number of customers.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. A) International treaties regarding space travel programs.B) Legal issues involved in commercial space exploration.C) U.S. government's approval of private space missions.D) Competition among public and private space companies.6. A) Deliver scientific equipment to the moon.B) Approve a new mission to travel into outer space.C) Work with federal agencies on space programs.D) Launch a manned spacecraft to Mars.7. A) It is significant.B) It is promising.C) It is unpredictable.D) It is unprofitable.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A) Visiting her family in Thailand.B) Showing friends around Phuket.C) Swimming around a Thai island.D) Lying in the sun on a Thai beach.9. A) She visited a Thai orphanage.B) She met a Thai girl's parents.C) She learned some Thai words.D) She sunbathed on a Thai beach.10. A) His class will start in a minute.B) He has got an incoming phone call.C) Someone is knocking at his door.D) His phone is running out of power.11. A) He is interested in Thai artworks.B) He is going to open a souvenir shop.C) He collects things from different countries.D) He wants to know more about Thai culture.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A) Buying some fitness equipment for the new gym.B) Opening a gym and becoming personal trainers.C) Signing up for a weight-loss course.D) Trying out a new gym in town.13. A) Professional personal training.B) Free exercise for the first week.C) A discount for a half-year membership.D) Additional benefits for young couples.14. A) The safety of weight-lifting.B) The high membership fee.C) The renewal of his membership.D) The operation of fitness equipment.15. A) She wants her invitation renewed.B) She used to do 200 sit-ups every day.C) She knows the basics of weight-lifting.D) She used to be the gym's personal trainer.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) They tend to be nervous during interviews.B) They often apply for a number of positions.C) They worry about the results of their applications.D) They search extensively for employers' information.17. A) Get better organized.B) Edit their references.C) Find better-paid jobs.D) Analyze the searching process.18. A) Provide their data in detail.B) Personalize each application.C) Make use of better search engines.D) Apply for more promising positions.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A) If kids did not like school, real learning would not take place.B) If not forced to go to school, kids would be out in the streets.C) If schools stayed the way they are, parents were sure to protest.D) If teaching failed to improve, kids would stay away from school.20. A) Allow them to play interesting games in class.B) Try to stir up their interest in lab experiments.C) Let them stay home and learn from their parents.D) Design activities they now enjoy doing on holidays.21. A) Allow kids to learn at their own pace.B) Encourage kids to learn from each other.C) Organize kids into various interest groups.D) Take kids out of school to learn at first hand.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A) It is especially popular in Florida and Alaska.B) It is a major social activity among the young.C) It is seen almost anywhere and on any occasion.D) It is even more expressive than the written word.23. A) It is located in a big city in Iowa.B) It is really marvelous to look at.C) It offers free dance classes to seniors.D) It offers people a chance to socialize.24. A) Their state of mind improved.B) They became better dancers.C) They enjoyed better health.D) Their relationship strengthened.25. A) It is fun.B) It is life.C) It is exhausting.D) It is rhythmical.答案1. B) Scared.2. D) It was covered with large scales.3. A) A Study of the fast-food service.4. C) Increased variety of products.5. C) US government’s approval ofprivate space missions.6. A) Deliver scientific equipment to the moon.7. B) It is promising.8. D) Lying in the sun on a Thai beach.9. A) She visited a Thai orphanage10. D)His phone is running out of power.11. C ) He collects things from different countries.12. D) Trying out a new gym in town.13. C) A discount for a half-year membership.14. D) The operation of fitness equipment.15. C) She knows the basics of weight-lifting.16. B) They often apply for a number of positions.17. A) Get better organized.18. D) Apply for more promising positions.19. B) If not forced to go to school, kids would be outin the streets.20. D) Design activities they now enjoy doing onholidays.21. D)Take kids out of school to learn at first hand22. C) It is seen almost anywhere and on any occasion.23 D) It offers people a chance to socialize.24 A) Their state of mind improved.25 B) It is life.2018年06月四级英语听力真题第二套听力原文News Report 1 女士开车遇到毒蛇Kelly escaped injury and managed to save her car after a four-foot long rat snake came out from under her car seat and slithered across her feet as she was driving down the high way。
2018年6月英语六级考试真题及答案(第3套)
2018年6月英语六级考试真题试卷附答案(完整版第3套)Part I Writing (30minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30minutes to write an essay on the importance ofbuilding trust between businesses and consumers. You can cite examples to illustrate yourviews. You should write at least 150 words but n o more than 200 words.______________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ __________Part II Listening Comprehension (30minutes)说明：由于2018年6月六级考试全国共考了两套听力，本套真题听力与前2套内容相同，只是选项顺序不同，因此在本套真题中不再重复出现。
Part III Reading Comprehension (40minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage withten blanks. You are require d to select one word foreach blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read thepassage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the cor responding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with asingle line through t he centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. When Elon Musk says that his new priority is using artificial intelligence to build domestic robots, we should look forward to the day in admiration. Mr. Musk is a guy who gets things done. The founder of two tech companies, Tesla Motors andSpaceX, is bringing electric vehicles to mass market and __ _26___ humans to live on otherplanets. This sounds like so much hot air, but the near $13 billion fortune this entrepreneur has ___27___ comes from practical achievements rather than hypothetical ones.A lot of clever people are ___28___ about artificial intelligence, fearing tha t robots will oneday become so ___29___ that they'll murder all of us. These fears are mostly ___30___: aswith hysteria about genetic modification, w e humans are generally wise enough tomanage these problems with speed an d care.And just think of how wonderful it would be if you had a live-in robot. It could, ___31___, belike having a babysitter and a nurse rolled into one—or, if that r equired ___32___intelligence beyond the power of Mr. Musk's imagined ma chine, at least someone to chopthe carrots, wash the car and mow the lawn. Once purchased and trained, this would allowthe ___33___ user to save mon ey and time, freeing up ___34___ space in our busy lives toread a good book. That is why we welcome Mr. Musk's latest ___35___, and wish him well. As lo ng as robotsadd to the sum of human happiness, reduce suffering, and create time to read world-classjournalism, we should be their fans. Especially since j ournalism is one job robots will neverdo.A) amassed B) casual C) emotional D enabling E) eventually F) exaggerat ed G)extravagant H) generously I) misleading J) precious K) reward L) s mart M) sphere N)terrified O) ventureSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statemen ts attached toit. Each statement contains information given in one of the par agraphs. Identify theparagraph from which the information is derived. You ma y choose a paragraph more thanonce. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.In the real world, nobody cares that you went to an Ivy League schoolA) As a high school junior, everything in my life revolved around getting into t he right college.I diligently attended my SAT, ACT, and Advanced Placement test preparation courses. Ijuggled (尽力应付) cross-country and track schedules, newspaper staff, and my church's you thgroup and drama team. I didn't drink, party, or even do much dating. The ri ght college, Ithought, was one with prestige, one with a name. It didn't have to be the Ivy League, but itneeded to be a "top school."B) Looking back now, nine years later, I can't remember exactly what it was a bout theseuniversities that made them seem so much better. Was it a curriculum that appeared more rigorous, perhaps? Or an alumni network that I h oped would open doors down the line?Maybe."I do think there are advantages to schools with more recognition," notes M arybethGasman, a professor of higher education at the University of Pennsylv ania. "I don'tnecessarily think that's a reason to go to one."C) In reflection, my firm belief in the power of the brand was naive, not to mention a bitsnobby. I quickly passed over state schools and southern school s, believing their curriculumsto be automatically inferior to northeastern or western counterparts. Instead, I dreamed ofliving in New York City and my p arents obliged me with a visit to New York University's (NYU)campus. During the tour, tuition fees were discussed.(NYU is consistently ranked one of thecountry's most expensive schools, wit h room and board costs totaling upwards of $ 64,000 ayear.) Up until then, I hadn't truly realized just how expensive an education can be. Over thenext fe w months, I realized not only could I not afford my dream school, I couldn't e venafford the ones where I'd been accepted. City University of New York (CU NY), RutgersUniversity, and Indiana University were out of reach as were Miss issippi State and theUniversity of Alabama, where I would have to pay out-of-state fees. Further complicating mycollege search was a flourishing track car eer—I wanted to keep running but my timesweren't quite fast enough to sec ure a scholarship.D) And so, at 11 pm on the night of Georgia State University's (GSU) midnigh t deadline, Iapplied online. Rated No.466 overall on Forbes' Lists Top Colleges, No.183 in ResearchUniversities, and No.108 in the South, I can't say it was my top choice. Still, the trackcoach had offered me a walk-on spot, and I actually found the urban Atlanta campus a d ecent consolation prize after New York City.E) While it may have been practical, it wasn't prestigious. But here's the thi ng: I loved my"lower-tier" (低层次的) university.(I use the term "low-tier" cautiously, because GSU is a well-regarded researc h institution that attracts high quality professors and faculty from all overth e country.) We are taught to believe that only by going to the best schools an d getting thebest grades can we escape the rat race and build a better future . But what if lower-tiercolleges and universities were the ticket to escaping th e rat race? After all, where else canyou leave school with a decent degree—but without a lifetime of debt?F) My school didn't come prepackaged like the more popular options, so we were left to takecare of ourselves, figuring out city life and trying to complete degree programs that no onewas championing for us to succeed in. What I'm saying is, I loved my university because ittaught us all to be resourceful and we could make what we wanted out of it.G) I was lucky enough to have my tuition covered by a lottery-funded schola rship calledHOPE (Helping Outstanding Pupils Educationally). When I started c ollege, the HOPEscholarship was funded by the state of Georgia and offered t o graduating high school seniorswith a GPA of 3.0 or higher. Living costs and books I paid for with money earned during highschool, supplemented by a sm all college fund my deceased grandfather left for me and a modest savings ac count my parents created when I was born.H) So what about all that name recognition? Sure, many of my colleagues a nd competitorshave more glamorous alma maters (母校) than I do. As a journalist, I have competed againstNYU, Columbia, and No rtheastern graduates for jobs. And yet, not a single interviewer hasever asked me about my educational background. In fact, almost every interview I've e verhad was due to a connection—one that I've gained through pure determi nation, not a school brand.I) According to The Boston Globe, students who earned their bachelor's in 2012 have anaverage monthly loan payment of $312, which is one-third more than those who graduatedin 2004. Ultimately, that's the thing universities do n't want to admit. Private universities aremoney-making institutions. If you ca n afford to buy prestige, that's your choice. For the restof us, however, our h earty lower-tiered universities are just fine, thank you.J) Wealthy universities talk up the benefits their name will give graduates: na mely, strongalumni networks, star faculty, and a résuméboost. But you nee dn't attend an Ivy Leagueschool to reap those rewards. Ludacris and the for mer CEO of Bank of America Ken Lewis arealumni of my college, as well as VI CE's first female editor-in-chief, Ellis Jones. Successfulpeople tend to be succ essful no matter where they go to school, and lower-tier schools canhave alu mni networks just as strong as their big name counterparts. In fact, lower-tie r schoolalumni networks are arguably stronger, because fellow alumni recog nize that you didn'tnecessarily have an easy path to follow. They might be m ore willing to offer career help,because your less famous school denotes that, like them, you are also full of energy and perseverance.K) The Washington Post reported on a recent study by Princeton economists, i n which collegegraduates who applied to the most selective schools in the 12 th grade were compared tothose who applied to slightly less selective schoo ls. They found that students with more potential earned more as adults, and the reverse held true as well, no matter where theywent to school.L) Likewise, star faculty are not always found where you'd expect. Big name s chools are notnecessarily the best places for professors; plus, many professor s split teaching time between multiple colleges and/or universities. This mea ns, for instance, a CUNY student couldreasonably expect to receive the same quality of instruction from a prestigious professoras they would if they we re enrolled in the same class at NYU.M) It's possible that some hiring managers may be drawn to candidates with a particular educational résumé, but it's no guarantee. According to a 2012 survey described in TheAtlantic, college reputation ranked lowest in relative importance of attributes in evaluatinggraduates for hire, beaten out by top fa ctors like internships, employment during college,college major, volunteer ex perience, and extracurriculars.N) Maybe students who choose less prestigious universities are bound to suc ceed becausethey are determined to. I tend to think so. In any case, if I co uld do it again, I'd still makethe same choice. Today I'm debt-free, resourcef ul—and I understand that even theshiniest packaging can't predict what yo u'll find on the inside.36. Modest institutions can also have successful graduates and strong alumni networks.37. The money the author made in high school helped pay for her living expe nses and booksat college.38. The author came to see how costly college education could be when she was trying tochoose a university to attend.39. A recent study found that a graduate's salary is determined by their pot ential, not theuniversity they attended.40. The author cannot recall for sure what made certain top universities app ear a lot better.41. None of the author's job interviewers cared which college she went to.42. The author thinks she did the right thing in choosing a less prestigious u niversity.43. In order to be admitted to a prestigious university, the author took part in various extracurricular activities and attended test preparation courses. 44. The author liked her university which was not prestigious but less expen sive.45. Colleges are reluctant to admit that graduates today are in heavier debt.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by s ome questionsor unfinished statements. For each of them there are four cho ices marked A), B), C) andD). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2 with a single line through the cen tre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Economically speaking, are we better off than we were ten years ago? Twenty years ago?In their thirst for evidence on this issue, commentators seized on the recent report by theCensus Bureau, which found that average household income ros e by 5.2% in 2015.Unfortunately, that conclusion puts too much weight on a useful, but flawed and incomplete, statistic. Among the more significant pro blems with the Census's measure arethat:1) it excludes taxes, transfers, and compensation like employer-provided he alth insurance; and 2) it is based on surveys rather than data. Even if precise ly measured,income data exclude important determinants of economic well-being, such as the hours ofwork needed to earn that income.While thinking about the question, we came across a recently published articl e by CharlesJones and Peter Klenow, which proposes an interesting new mea sure of economic welfare.While by no means perfect, it is considerably more comprehensive than average income,taking into account not only growth in consumption per person but also changes in workingtime, life expectancy, an d inequality. Moreover, it can be used to assess economic performance bot h across countries and over time.The Jones-Klenow method can be illustrated by a cross-country example. Su ppose we wantto compare the economic welfare of citizens of the U.S. and Fr ance in 2005.In 2005, as the authors observe: real consumption per person in France was only 60% ashigh as the U.S., making it appear that Americans were economi cally much better off thanthe French on average. However, that comparison omits other relevant factors: leisuretime, life expectancy, and economic ine quality. The French take longer vacations and retireearlier, so typically work fewer hours; they enjoy a higher life expectancy, presumablyreflecting advant ages with respect to health care, diet, lifestyle, and the like; and income andc onsumption are somewhat more equally distributed there than in the U.S. Bec ause of thesedifferences, comparing France's consumption with the U.S.'s ove rstates the gap in economicwelfare.Similar calculations can be used to compare the U.S. and other countries. For example, this calculation puts economic welfare in the United Kingdom at 97 % of U.S. levels, butestimates Mexican well-being at 22%.The Jones-Klenow measure can also assess an economy's performance ov er time.According to this measure, as of the early-to-mid-2000s, the U.S. ha d the highest economicwelfare of any large country. Since 2007, economic we lfare in the U.S. has continued toimprove. However, the pace of improveme nt has slowed markedly.Methodologically, the lesson from the Jones-Klenow research is that economic welfare ismulti-dimensional. Their approach is flexible enough that in pri nciple other important quality-of-life changes could be incorporated-for exa mple, decreases in total emissions ofpollutants and declines in crime rates.46. What does the author think of the 2015 report by the Census Bureau?A) It is based on questionable statistics.B) It reflects the economic changes.C) It evidences the improved-welfare.D) It provides much food for thought.47. What does the author say about the Jones-Klenow method?A) It is widely used to compare the economic growth across countries.B) It revolutionizes the way of measuring ordinary people's livelihood.C) It focuses on people's consumption rather than their average income.D) It is a more comprehensive measure of people's economic well-being.48. What do Jones and Klenow think of the comparison between France and the U. S. interms of real consumption per person?A) It reflected the existing big gap between the two economies.B) It neglected many important indicators of people's welfare.C) It covered up the differences between individual citizens.D) It failed to count in their difference in natural resources.49. What is an advantage of the Jones-Klenow method?A) It can accurately pinpoint a country's current economic problems.B) It can help to raise people's awareness of their economic well-being.C) It can diagnose the causes of a country's slowing pace of economic impr ovement.D) It can compare a country's economic conditions between different periods of time.50) What can we infer from the passage about American people's economic well-being?A) It is much better than that of their European counterparts.B) It has been on the decline ever since the turn of the century.C) It has not improved as much as reported by the Census Bureau.D) It has not been accurately assessed and reported since mid-2000s. Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.If you've ever started a sentence with,"If I were you..." or found yourself scratching yourhead at a colleague's agon y over a decision when the answer is crystal-clear, there's ascientific reason behind it. Our own decision-making abilities can become depleted over thec ourse of the day causing indecision or poor choices, but choosing on behalf of someone elseis an enjoyable task that doesn't suffer the same pitfalls. The problem is "decision fatigue," a psychological phenomenon that take s a toll on the quality of your choices after a long day of decision making, sa ys Evan Polman, a leading psychologist.Physicians who have been on the job for several hours, for example, are more likely to prescribe antibiotics to patients when it's unwise to do so. "Presumably it's because it'ssimple and easy to write a prescription and con sider a patient case closed rather than investigate further," Polman says. But decision fatigue goes away when you are making the decision for som eone else.When people imagine themselves as advisers and imagine their ow n choices as belonging tosomeone else, they feel less tired and rely less on d ecision shortcuts to make those choices."By taking upon the role of adviser rather than decision maker, one does notsuffer theconsequences of decision fatigue," he says."It's as if there's something fun and liberatingabout making someone else's c hoice."Getting input from others not only offers a fresh perspective and thought pr ocess; it oftenalso includes riskier choices. While this sounds undesirable, it c an be quite good, says Polman."When people experience decision fatigue-when they are tired of making ch oices—theyhave a tendency to choose to go with the status quo (现状)," he says."But the status quocan be problematic, since a change in the course of acti on can sometimes be important andlead to a positive outcome."In order to achieve a successful outcome or reward, some level of risk is al most always essential."People who are susceptible to decision fatigue will likely choose to do not hingover something," he says,"That's not to say that risk is always good, but it is related totaking action9w hereas decision fatigue assuredly leads to inaction and the possible chagri n(懊恼) of a decision maker who might otherwise prefer a new course but is unfo rtunatelyhindered."Just because you can make good choices for others doesn't mean you'll do th e same foryourself, Polman cautions."Research has found that women negotiate higher salaries forothers than the y do for themselves," he says, adding that people slip in and out of decision roles.51. What does the author say about people making decisions?A) They may become exhausted by making too many decisions for themselve s.B) They are more cautious in making decisions for others than for themselve s.C) They tend to make decisions the way they think advantageous to them.D) They show considerable differences in their decision-making abilities.52. What does the example about the physicians illustrate?A) Patients seldom receive due care towards the end of the day.B) Prescription of antibiotics can be harmful to patients' health.C) Decision fatigue may prevent people making wise decisions.D) Medical doctors are especially susceptible to decision fatigue.53. When do people feel less decision fatigue?A) When they take decision shortcuts.B) When they help others to make decisions.C) When they have major decisions to make.D) When they have advisers to turn to.54. What are people likely to do when decision fatigue sets in?A) They turn to physicians for advice.B) They tend to make risky decisions.C) They adopt a totally new perspective.D) They refrain from trying anything new.55. What does the passage say about taking some risk in decision making?A) It is vital for one to reach the goal desired.B) It is likely to entail serious consequences.C) It will enable people to be more creative.D) It will more often than not end in regret.Part IV Translation (30minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30minutes to translate a passage fr om Chinese intoEnglish. You should write your answer on AnswerSheet 2.自行车曾经是中国城乡最主要的交通工具，中国一度被称为“自行车王国”。
2018年6月英语六级真题和答案(第一套含三套翻译和作文)
2018年6月英语六级真题和答案听力Passage 1At some 2300 miles in length, the Mississippi is the longest river in the United States. At some 1000 miles, the Mackenzie is the longest river in Canada. But these waterways seem minute in comparison to the world’s 2 lengthiest rivers: the Nile and the A mazon.The Nile which begins in central Africa and flows over 4100 miles north into the Mediterranean hosted one of the world’s great ancient civilizations along its shores. Calm and peaceful for most of the year, the Nile used to flood annually, thereby creating, irrigating and carrying new topsoil to the nearby farmland on which ancient Egypt depended for livelihood. As a means of transportation, the river carried various vessels up and down its length.A journey through the unobstructed part of this waterway today would pass by the splendid valley of the Kings, where the tombs of many of these ancient monarchs have stood for over 3000 years. Great civilizations and intensive settlement are hardly associated with the Amazon, yet this 4000 mile-long south American river carries about 20% of the world’s fresh water more than the Mississippi, Nile and Yangtze combined. Other statistics are equally astonishing. The Amazon is so wide at some points that from its center neither shore can be seen. Each second, the Amazon pours some 55 million gallons of water into the Atlantic. There, at its mouth stands one island larger than Switzerland. Most important of all, the Amazon irrigates the largest tropical rain forest on earth.Passage 19. What can be found in the valley of the Kings?10. In what way is the Amazon different from other big rivers?11. What does the speaker say about the Amazon?Recording 2Good morning, ladies and gentlemen, and welcome to the third in our cities of business seminars in the program “Doing Business Abroad”. (Q19) Today, we are going to look at the intercultural awareness, that is the fact that not everyone is British, not everyone speaks English and not everyone does business in a British way. And, why should they? (Q19) If overseas business people are selling to us, then they will make every effort to speak English and to respect our traditions and methods. It is only polite for us to do the same when we visit them. It is not only polite, it is a central, if we want to sel l British products overseas. First, a short quiz. Let’s see how interculturally-aware you are. Question 1: where must you not drink alcohol on the first and seventh of every month. Question 2: where should you never admire your host’s possessions.Question 3: how should you attract the waiter during a business lunch in Bangkok. Question 4: where should you try to make all your appointments either before 2 or after 5:30 pm. OK, everyone had a chance to make some notes. Right! Here are the answers. Although I am sure that the information could equally well apply to countries other than those I have chosen. No.1: (Q20) you must not drink alcohol on the first and seventh of the month in India. In international hotels, you may find it served, but if you are having a meal with an India colleague, remember to avoid asking for a beer. If you are an arrival, coincide with one of those tips. No.2: in Arab countries, the politeness and generosity of the people is without parallel. If you admire your colleague’s beautifu l belt and bowls, you may well find yourself being presented with them as a present. This is not a cheap way to do your shopping, however, as your host will quite correctly expect you to respond by presenting him with a gift of equal worth and beauty. In Thailand, clicking the fingers, clapping your hands or just shouting “Waiter” will embarrass your hosts, fellow diners, the waiter himself and, most of all, you. Place your palm downward and make an inconspicuous waving gesture, which will produce instant and satisfying results. And finally, (Q21) in Spain, some businesses maintain the pattern of working until about 2 o’clock and then returning to the office from 5:30 to 8, 9 or 10 in the evening.Q19: What should you do when doing business with foreigners?Q20: What must you avoid doing with your Indian colleague?Q21: What do we learn about some Spanish people?选词填空儿歌Did Sarah Josepha Hale write “Mary’s Little Lamb,”the eternal nursery rhyme（儿歌）about girl named Mary with a stubborn lamb? This is still disputed, but it’s clear that the woman 26 reputed for writing it was one of America’s most fascinating 27 characters. In honor of the poem publication on May 24,1830, here’s more about the 28 supposed author’s life.Hale wasn’t just a writer, she was also a 29 fierce social advocate, and she was particularly 30 obsessed with an ideal New England, which she associated with abundant Thanksgivinx xg meals that she claimed had “a deep moral influence,” she began a nationwide 31 campaign to have a national holiday declared that would bring families together while celebrating the 32 traditional festivals. In 1863, after 17 years of advocacy including letters to five presidents, Hale got it. President Abraham Lincoln during the Civil War, issued a 33 proclamation setting aside the last Thursday in November for the holiday.The true authorship of “Mary’s Little Lamb” is disputed. According to New England Historical Society, Hale wrote only one part of the poem, but claimed authorship. Regardless of the author, it seems that the poem was 34 inspired by a real event. When young Mary Sawyer was followedto school by a lamb in 1816, it caused some problems. A bystander named John Roulstone wrote a poem about the event, then, at some point, Hale herself seems to have helped write it. However, if a 1916 piece by her great-niece is to be trusted, Hale claimed for the 35 rest of her life that “Some other people pretended that someone else wrote the poem”.A）campaignB）careerC）charactersD）featuresE）fierceF）inspiredG）latterH）obsessedI）proclamationJ）rectifiedK）reputedL）restM）supposedN）traditionalO）versatile金字塔Scientists scanning and mapping the Giza pyramids say they've discovered that the Great Pyramid of Giza is not exactly even. But really not by much. This pyramid is the oldest of the world’s Seven Wonders. The pyramid’s exact size has 26 puzzled experts for centuries, as the "more than 21 acres of hard, white casing stones" that originally covered it were 27 removed long ago.Reporting in the most recent issue of the newsletter "AERAGRAM," which 28 chronicles the work of the Ancient Egypt Research Associates, engineer Glen Dash says that by using a new measuring approach that involved finding any surviving 29 remnants of the casing in order to determine where the original edge was. They found the east side of the pyramid to be a 30 maximum of 5.55 inches shorter than the west side.The question that most 31 fascinates him, however, isn't how the Egyptians who designed and built the pyramid got it wrong 4,500 years ago, but how they got it so close to 32 perfect. "We can only speculate as to how the Egyptians could have laid out these lines with such 33 precision using only the tools they had," Dash writes. He says his 34 hypothesis is that the Egyptians laid out their design on a grid, noting that the great pyramid is oriented only 35 slightly away from the cardinal directions (its north-south axis runs 3 minutes 54 seconds west of due north, while its east-west axis runs 3 minutes 51 seconds north of due east)—an amount that's "tiny, but similar," Atlas Obscura points out.chroniclescompleteestablishedfascinateshypothesismaximummomentummysteriouslyperfectprecisionpuzzledremnantsremovedrevelationsslightly家用机器人When Elon Musk says, as he did this week, that his new priority is using artificial intelligence to build domestic robots, we should not only take note, but look forward to the day we can put our legs up in admiration.Mr. Musk is a guy who gets things done. The founder of two “moonshot” tech companies, Tesla Motors and SpaceX, is bringing electric vehicles to mass market and 26 humans to live on other planets. Lest this strike the amateur techie—not that readers of The Independent would ever count among them—as so much hot air, you can be reassured that the near $13bn (£8.8bn) fortune this entrepreneur has 27 comes from practical achievements rather than hypothetical ones.A lot of clever people are 28 about artificial intelligence, fearing that robots will one day become so 29 they’ll murder all of us. These fears are mostly30 : as with hysteria about genetic modification, we humans are generally wise enough to manage these problems with alacrity and care.And just think of how wonderful it would be if you had a live-in robot. It could —31 — be like having a babysitter and masseuse rolled into one —or, if that required 32 intelligence beyond the ken of Mr. Musk’s imagined machine, at least some one to chop the carrots, wash the car and mow the lawn. Once purchased and trained, this would allow the 33 user to save money and time, freeing up 34 space in our busy lives to, for instance, read The Independent.That is why we welcome Mr. Musk’s latest 35 , and wish him well. As long as robots add to the sum of human happiness, reduce suffering or cumbersome activity, and create time to readworld-class journalism, The Independent will be their fans. Especially since journalism is one job robots will never do.A) amassedB) casualC) emotionalD) enablingE) eventuallyF) exaggeratedG) extravagantH) generouslyI) misleadingJ) preciousK) rewardL) smartM) sphereN) terrifiedO) venture答案：26. D enabling27. A amassed28. N terrified29. L smart30. F exaggerated31. E eventually32. C emotional33. B casual34. J precious35. O venture阅读Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.The Ebro Delta, in Spain, famous as a battleground during the Spanish Civil War, is now the setting for a different contest, one that is pitting rice farmers against two enemies: the rice-eating giant apple snail, and rising sea levels. What happens here will have a bearing on the future of European rice production and the overall health of southern European wetlands.Located on the Mediterranean just two hours south of Barcelona, the Ebro Delta produces120 million kilograms of rice a year, making it one of the continent’s most important rice-growing areas. As the sea creeps into these fresh-water marshes, however, rising salinity（盐分）is hampering rice production. At the same time, this sea-water also kills off the greedy giant apple snail, an introduced pest that feeds on young rice plants. The most promising strategy has become to harness one foe against the other.The battle is currently being waged on land, in greenhouses at the University of Barcelona. Scientists working under the banner “Project Neurice” are seeking varieties of rice that can withstand the increasing salinity without losing the absorbency that makes European rice ideal for traditional Spanish and Italian dishes.“The project has two sides,” says Xavier Serrat, Neurice p roject manager and researcher at the University of Barcelona. “the short-term fight against the snail, and a mid- to long-term fight against climate change. But the snail has given the project greater urgency.”Originally from South America, the snails were accidentally introduced into the Ebro Delta by Global Aquatic Tecnologies, a company that raised the snails for fresh-water aquariums（水族馆）, but failed to prevent their escape. For now, the giant apple snail’s presence in Europe is limited to the Ebro Delta. But the snail continues its march to new territory, says Serrat. “The question is not if it will reach other rice-growing areas of Europe, but when.”Over the next year and a half investigators will test the various strains of salt-tolerant rice they’ve bred. In 2018, farmers will plant the varieties with the most promise in the Ebro Delta and Europe’s other two main rice-growing regions—along the Po in Italy, and France’s Rhône. A season in the field will help determine which, if any, of the varieties are ready for commercialization.As an EU-funded effort, the search for salt-tolerant varieties of rice is taking place in all three countries. Each team is crossbreeding a local European short-grain rice with a long-grain Asian variety that carries the salt-resistant gene. The scientists are breeding successive generations to arrive at varieties that incorporate salt tolerance but retain about 97 percent of the European rice genome（基因组）.46.Why does the author mention the Spanish Civil War at the beginning of the passage?A. It had great impact on the life of Spanish rice farmers.B. It is of great significance in the records of Spanish history.C. Rice farmers in the Ebro Delta are waging a battle of similar importance.D. Rice farmers in the Ebro Delta are experiencing as hard a time as in the war.47.What may be the most effective strategy for rice farmers to employ in fighting their enemies?A. Striking the weaker enemy firstB. Killing two birds with one stoneC. Eliminating the enemy one by oneD. Using one evil to combat the other48. What do we learn about “Project Neurice”?A. Its goals will have to be realized at a cost.B. It aims to increase the yield of Spanish rice.C. Its immediate priority is to bring the pest under control.D. It tries to kill the snails with the help of climate change.49. What does Neurice project manager say about the giant apple snail?A. It can survive only on southern European wetlands.B. It will invade other rice-growing regions of Europe.C. It multiplies at a speed beyond human imagination.D. It was introduced into the rice fields on purpose.50. What is the ultimate goal of the EU-funded program?A. Cultivating ideal salt-resistant rice varieties.B. Increasing the absorbency of the Spanish rice.C. Introducing Spanish rice to the rest of Europe.D. Popularizing the rice crossbreeding technology.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Photography was once an expensive, laborious ordeal reserved for life's greatest milestones. Now, the only apparent cost to taking infinite photos of something as common as a meal is the space on your hard drive and your dining companion's patience.But is there another cost, a deeper cost, to documenting a life experience instead of simply enjoying it? "You hear that you shouldn't take all these photos and interrupt the experience, and it's bad for you, and we're not living in the present moment," says Kristin Diehl, associate professor of marketing at the University of Southern California Marshall School of Business.Diehl and her fellow researchers wanted to find out if that was true, so they embarked on a series of nine experiments in the lab and in the field testing people's enjoyment in the presence or absence of a camera. The results, published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, surprised them. Taking photos actually makes people enjoy what they're doing more, not less."What we find is you actually look at the world slightly differently, because you're looking for things you want to capture, that you may want to hang onto," Diehl explains. "That gets people more engaged in the experience, and they tend to enjoy it more."Take sightseeing. In one experiment, nearly 200 participants boarded a double-decker bus for a tour of Philadelphia. Both bus tours forbade the use of cell phones but one tour provided digital cameras and encouraged people to take photos. The people who took photos enjoyed the experience significantly more, and said they were more engaged, than those who didn't.Snapping a photo directs attention, which heightens the pleasure you get from whatever you're looking at, Diehl says. It works for things as boring as archaeological（考古的）museums, where people were given eye-tracking glasses and instructed either to take photos or not. "People look longer at things they want to photograph," Diehl says. They report liking the exhibits more, too.To the relief of Instagrammers（Instagram用户）everywhere, it can even makes meals more enjoyable. When people were encouraged to take at least three photos while they ate lunch, they were more immersed in their meals than those who weren't told to take photos.Was it the satisfying click of the camera? The physical act of the snap? No, they found; just the act of planning to take a photo—and not actually taking it—had the same joy-boosting effect. "If you want to take mental photos, that works the same way," Diehl says. "Thinking about what you would want to photograph also gets you more engaged."51.What does the author say about photo-taking in the past?A. It was a painstaking effort for recording life’s major events.B. It was a luxury that only a few wealthy people could enjoy.C. It was a good way to preserve one’s precious images.D. It was a skill that required lots of practice to master.52.Kristin Diehl conducted a series of experiments on photo-taking to find out __________.A. what kind of pleasure it would actually bring to photo-takersB. whether people enjoyed it when they did sightseeingC. how it could help to enri ch people’s life experiencesD. Whether it prevented people enjoying what they were doing53.What do the results of Diehl’s experiments show that people taking photos?A. They are distracted from what they are doing.B. They can better remember what they see or do.C. They are more absorbed in what catches their eye.D. They can have a better understanding of the world.54.What is found about museum visitors with the aid of eye-tracking glasses?A. They come out with better photographs of the exhibits.B. They focus more on the exhibits when taking pictures.C. They have a better view of what are on display.D. They follow the historical events more easily.55.What do we learn from the last paragraph?A. It is better to make plans before taking photos.B. Mental photos can be as beautiful as snapshots.C. Photographers can derive great joy from the click of the camera.D. Even the very thought of taking a photo can have a positive effect.翻译自行车自行车曾经是中国城乡最主要的交通工具，中国一度被称为“自行车王国”。
2018年6月大学英语四级考试真题及参考答案听力原文与解析
Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to writea short essay on the importance of writing ability and howto develop it. You should write at least 120 words but nomore than180 words.【参考范文】No body could deny that writing is one of the basic abilities for men. Put it another way, it is unlikely to imagine human civilization without writing ability.At the top of the list, if we overlook the significance of writing ability, we will suffer a great difficulty in our daily written communication. In addition to what has been mentioned above, it is advisable for us to attach importance to this ability because writing plays a key in our academic performance. To summarize,writing does carry a positive implication for our life and study.In view of the great value of writing ability, we should take actions to develop this capability. For my part, initially, we are supposed to keep in mind that reading is the first step of writing, so we should read great books as many as possible, learning from the great works how to write concisely and effectively. Moreover, owing to the fact that practicemakes perfect, we should frequently practice writing; for example, we may develop the habit of keeping a diary.PartⅡListening Comprehension ( 25 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear three news reports. Atthe end of each news report, you will hear two or threequestions. Both the news report and then questions will bespoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choosethe best answer from the four choices marked A），B), C) andD).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre.Questions l and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard. Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard. Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two longconversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hearfour questions. Both the conversation and the questions willbe spoken only once. After you hear a question, you mustchoose the best answer from the four choices marked A），B），C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.Section CDirections:In this section, you will hear three passages. At theend of each passage, you will hear three or four questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken onlyonce. After you hear a question, you must choose the bestanswer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D）．Thenmark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a singleline through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard. Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.【参考答案】暂缺Part ⅢReading Comprehension ( 40 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a listof choices given in a word bank following the passage. Readthe passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please markthe corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 witha single line through the centre. You may not use any of thewords in the bank more than once．Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.Since the 1940s, southern California has had a reputation for smog. Things are not as bad as they once were but, according to the American Lung Association, Los Angeles is still the worst city in the United States for levels of 26 . Gazing down on the city from the Getty Center, an art museum in the Santa Monica Mountains, one would find the view of thePacific Ocean blurred by the haze (霾). Nor is the state’s had air 27 to its south. Fresno, in the central valley, comes top of the list in America for year-round pollution. Residents’hearts and lungs are affected asa 28 .All of which, combined with California’s reputation as the home oftechnological 29 , makes the place ideal for developing and testing systems designed to monitor pollution in 30 . And that is just what Aclima, a new firm in San Francisco, has been doing over the past few months. It has been trying out monitoring that are 31 to yieldminute-to-minute maps of 32 air pollution. Such stations will also be able to keep an eye on what is happening inside buildings, including offices.To this end, Aclima has been 33 with Google’s Street View system.Davida Herzl, Aclima’s boss, says they have revealed pollution highs on days when San Francisco’s transit workers went on strike and the city’s 34 were forced to use their cars. Conversely, “cycle to work”days have done their job by 35 pollution lows.A.assistedB.collaboratingC.consequenceD.consumersE.creatingF.detailG.domesticH.frequentlyI.inhabitantsJ.innovationK.intendedL.outdoorM.pollutantsN.restrictedO.Sum【参考答案】.M pollutants . .N restricted .. C consequence . .J innovation .. F detail ..K intended ..L outdoor .33. B collaborating .34. I inhabitants .35. E creating.26. M pollutants . 解析：of前边是levels级别，等级的意思，of后应该是名词形式，翻译为_____的级别，根据文章首句说南加利福尼亚的雾霾是出了名的差可判断这篇文章关于坏境。
2018年6月大学生英语四级真题试卷及答案(第一套)
目录2018年6月大学英语四级真题试题一(完整版) (1)答案 (15)2018年6月大学英语四级真题试题一(完整版)Part I Writing (30 minutes) (请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an a short easy on the importance of speaking ability and how to develop it.You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes) Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and questions will be spoken only once. After you hear questions, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
Questions 1 to 2 are based on the new report you have just heard.1. A) The return of a bottled message to its owner's daughter.B)A New Hampshire man's joke with friends on his wife.C)A father's message for his daughter.D)The history of a century-old motel.2. A) She wanted to show gratitude for his kindness.B)She wanted to honor her father's promise.C)She had been asked by her father to do so.D)She was excited to see her father's handwriting.Questions 3 to 4 are based on the new report you have just heard。
2018年6月四级英语听力真题第一套(含答案及原文)
2018年06月四级英语听力真题第一套Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. A) The return of a bottled message to its owner's daughter.B) A New Hampshire man's joke with friends on his wife.C) A father's message for his daughter.D) The history of a century-old motel.2. A) She wanted to show gratitude for his kindness.B) She wanted to honor her father's promise.C) She had been asked by her father to do so.D) She was excited to see her father's handwriting.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3. A) People were concerned about the number of bees.B) Several cases of Zika disease had been identified.C) Two million bees were infected with disease.D) Zika virus had destroyed some bee farms.4. A) It apologized to its customers.B) It was forced to kill its bees.C) It lost a huge stock of bees.D) It lost 2.5 million dollars.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. A) It stayed in the air for about two hours.B) It took off and landed on a football field.C) It proved to be of high commercial value.D) It made a series of sharp turns in the sky.6. A) Engineering problems.B) The air pollution it produced.C) Inadequate funding.D) The opposition from the military.7. A) It uses the latest aviation technology.B) It flies faster than a commercial jet.C) It is a safer means of transportation.D) It is more environmentally friendly.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A) It seems a depressing topic.B) It sounds quite alarming.C) It has little impact on our daily life.D) It is getting more serious these days.9. A) The man doesn't understand Spanish.B) The woman doesn't really like dancing.C) They don't want something too noisy.D) They can't make it to the theatre in time.10. A) It would be more fun without Mr. Whitehead hosting.B) It has too many acts to hold the audience's attention.C) It is the most amusing show he has ever watched.D) It is a show inappropriate for a night of charity.11. A) Watch a comedy.B) Go and see the dance.C) Book the tickets online.D) See a film with the man.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A) Most of her schoolmates are younger than she is.B) She simply has no idea what school to transfer to.C) There are too many activities for her to cope with.D) She worries she won't fit in as a transfer student.13. A) Seek advice from senior students.B) Pick up some meaningful hobbies.C) Participate in after-school activities.D) Look into what the school offers.14. A) Give her help whenever she needs it.B) Accept her as a transfer student.C) Find her accommodation on campus.D) Introduce her to her roommates.15. A) She has interests similar to Mr. Lee's.B) She has become friends with Catherine.C) She has chosen the major Catherine has.D) She has just transferred to the college.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) To investigate how being overweight impacts on health.B) To find out which physical drive is the most powerful.C) To discover what most mice like to eat.D) To determine what feelings mice have.17. A) When they are hungry.B) When they are thirsty.C) When they smell food.D) When they want company.18. A) They search for food in groups.B) They are overweight when food is plenty.C) They prefer to be with other mice.D) They enjoy the company of other animals.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A) Its construction started before World War I.B) Its construction cost more than $ 40 billion.C) It is efficiently used for transport.D) It is one of the best in the world.20. A) To improve transportation in the countryside.B) To move troops quickly from place to place.C) To enable people to travel at a higher speed.D) To speed up the transportation of goods.21. A) In the 1970s.B) In the 1960s.C) In the 1950s.D) In the 1940s.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A) Chatting while driving.B) Messaging while driving.C) Driving under age.D) Speeding on highways.23. A) A gadget to hold a phone on the steering wheel.B) A gadget to charge the phone in a car.C) A device to control the speed of a vehicle.D) A device to ensure people drive with both hands.24. A) The car keeps flashing its headlights.B) The car slows down gradually to a halt.C) They are alerted with a light and a sound.D) They get a warning on their smart phone.25. A) Installing a camera.B) Using a connected app.C) Checking their emails.D) Keeping a daily record.答案1. A2. B3. B4. C5. A6. C7. D8. A9. D10. C11. B12. D13. C14. A15. D16. B17. A18. C19. D20. B21. A22. B23. D24. C25. B2018年06月四级英语听力真题第一套听力原文短篇新闻News report 1 来自50年前的漂流瓶A message in a bottle sent out to sea by a New Hampshire man more than five decades ago was found 1,500 miles away. And it has been returned to his daughter. A long-last message was discovered by Clint Buffington of Utah while he was vacationing. Buffington says he found a soda bottle half-buried in the sand that looked like it had been there since the beginning of time. The note inside the bottle said, ‘Return to 419 Ocean Street, and receive a reward of $150 from Richard and Tina Pierce, owners of a beachcomber motel.’The motel was owned by the parents of Paula Piece in 1960. Her father had written the note as a joke and had thrown it into the Atlantic Ocean. Buffington flew to New Hampshire to deliver the message to Paula Piece. She held up to her father’s promise, giving Buffington that reward. But the biggest reward is the message in the bottle finding its way back home.Question 1. What is the news report mainly about?1. A）The return of a bottled message to its owner's daughter.Question 2. Why did Paula Piece give Clint Buffington the reward?2. B）She wanted to honor her father's promise.News report 2 数百万蜜蜂在南卡罗来纳州死亡Millions of bees have died in South Carolina during aerial insect spraying operations that were carried out to combat the Zika virus. The insect spraying over the weekends left more than 2 million bees dead on the spot in Dorchester County, South Carolina, where 4 travel-related cases of Zika disease have been confirmed in the area. Most of the deaths came from the Flowertown Bee Farm, a company in Summerville that sells bees and honey products. Juanita Stanley who owns the company said the farm looks like it’s been destroyed. The farm lost about 2.5 million bees. Dorchester County officials apologized for the accidental mass killing of bees. Dorchester County is aware that some bee keepers in the area that were sprayed on Sunday lost their bee colonies, county manager Jason Wars said in the statement, ‘I’m not pleased that so many bees were killed’.Question 3. Why was spraying operations carried out in Dorchester County?3. B）Several cases of Zika disease had been identified.Question 4. What does news report say about Flowertown Bee Farm?4. C）It lost a huge stock of bees.News report 3 世界上最大的飞机首次试飞The world’s largest aircraft has taken to the sky for the first time. The Airlander 10 spent nearly 2 hours in the air, having taken off from Cardington Airfield in Bedfordshire. During its flight, it reached 3,000 feet and performed a series of gentle turns all over a safe area. The aircraft isn’t massive as long as a football field and as tall as a 6 double-decker buses and capable of flying for up to 5 days. It was first developed for the US government as a long-wing spy aircraft. But it was abandoned following budget cutbacks. The aircraft costs 25 million pounds and can carry heavier loads than huge jet planes while also producing less noise and emitting less pollution. The makers believe it’s the future of aircraft, and one day we’ll be using them to go places. But there’s still a long way to go. The Airlander will need to have 200 hours flying time before being allowed to fly by the aviation administration. If it passes through, we can hope we’ll all get some extra leg room.Question 5. What do we learn about the first flight of the Airlander 10?5. A）It stayed in the air for about two hours.Question 6. What caused the US government to abandon the Airlander 10 as a spy aircraft?6. C）Inadequate funding.Question 7. What is the advantage of Airlander 10 over huge jet planes?7. D）It is more environmentally friendly.长对话Conversation 1 长对话1 气候变化vs 西班牙舞蹈节M: Do you feel like going out tonight?W: yeah, why not? We haven’t been out for ages! What’s on?M: Well, there is a film about climate change. Dose it sound good to you?W: Oh, not really. It doesn’t really appeal to me. What’s it about? Just climate change? M: I think it’s about how climate change affects everyday life. I wonder how they make it entertaining.W: Well, it sounds really awful. It’s an important subject, I agree. But I’m not in the mood for anything depressing. What else is on?M: There’s a Spanish dance festival.W: Oh, I love dance. That sounds really interesting.M: apparently, it’s absolutely brilliant. Let’s see what it says in the paper. Anna Gomez leads in an exciting production of a great Spanish love story, Carmen.W: Okay then, what time is it on?M: at 7:30W: well, that’s no good. We haven’t got enough time to get there. Is there anything else? M: There’s a comedy special on.W: where is it on?M: It’s at the city theater. It’s a charity comedy night with lots of different acts. It looks pretty good. The critic in the local paper says it’s the funniest things he’s ever seen. It says here Roger white head is an amazing host to a night a fun performances.W: Hummm, I’m not keen on him. He is not very funny.M: Are you sure you fancy going out tonight? You are not very enthusiastic.W: Perhaps you are right. Okay, let’s go see the dance. But tomorrow, not tonight.M: Great, I’ll book the tickets online.Q8: What dose the woman think about climate change?8. A）It seems a depressing topic.Q9: Why do the speakers give up going to the Spanish dance festival tonight?9.D）They can't make it to the theater.Q10: What dose the credit says about the comedy performed in the city theater?10. C）It is the most amusing show he has ever seen.Q11: What does the woman decide to do tomorrow?11. B）Go and see the dance.Conversation 2 长对话2 转校生W: Good morning Mr. Lee, may I have a minute of your time?M: Sure, Catherine. What can I do for you?W: I’m quite anxious about transferring over to your college. I’m afraid I won’t fit in.M: Don’t worry, Catherine. It’s completely normal for you to be nervous about transferring schools. This happens to many transfer students.W: Yes, I know, but I’m younger than most students in my year and that worries me a lot. M: Well, you may be the only younger one in your year, but you know we have a lot of afterschool activities you can join in, and so this way, you’ll be able to meet new friends of different age groups.W: That’s nice! I love games and hobby groups.M: I’m sure you do. So you will be just fine. Don’t worry so much and try to make the most of what we have on offer here. Also, remember you can come to me any time of the day if you need help. W: Thanks so much. I definitely feel better now. As a matter of fact, I’ve already contacted one of the girls who’s been living in the same house with me, and she seems really nice. I guess living on campus, I’ll have a chance to have a close circle of friends since we’ll be living together.M: All students are very friendly with new arrivals. Let me check who would be living with you in your flat. Okay, there hare Hannah, Kelly and Bree. Bree is also a new student here like you. I’m sure you two will have more to share with each other.Q12: Why does Catherine feel anxious?Q13: What does Mr. Lee encourage Catherine to do?Q14: What does Mr. Lee promise to do for Catherine?Q15: What do we learn about Catherine's schoolmate Bree?12. D）She worries she won't fit in as a transfer student.13. C）Participate in after-school activities.14.A）Give her help whenever she needs.15. D）She has just transferred to college.听力篇章Passage 1 饥饿强大的推动力Have you ever felt like you would do just about anything to satisfy your hunger? A new study in mice may help to explain why hunger can feel like such a powerful motivating force. In the study, researchers found that hunger out weights other physical drives including fear, thirst and social needs. T o determine which feeling won out, the researchers did a series of experiments. In one experiment, the mice were both hungry and thirsty. When given the choice of either eating food or drinking water, the mice went for the food, the researchers found. However, when the mice were well-fed but thirsty, they opted to drink according to the study. In the second experiment, meant to pit the mice’s hunger against their fear, hungry mice were placed in a cage that has certain fox scented areas and other places that smell safer; in other words, not like an animal that could eat them but also had food. It turned out that when the mice were hungry, they ventured into the unsafe areas for food. But when the mice were well-fed, they stayed in the area of the cage that were considered safe. Hunger also out weights the mice’s social needs, the researchers found. Mice are usually social animals and prefer to be in the company of other mice according to the study. When the mice were hungry, they opted to leave the company of other mice to go get food. Q16: What is the researchers’ purpose in carrying out the series of experiments with mice? Q17: In what circumstances do mice venture into unsafe areas?Q18: What is said about mice at the end of the passage?16. B）T o find out which physical drive is the most powerful.17. A）When they are hungry.18. C）They prefer to be with other mice.Passage 2 美国高速公路系统The United States has one of the best highway systems in the world. Interstate highways connect just about every large and mid-sized city in the country. Did you ever wonder why such a complete system of excellent roads exists? For an answer, you would have to goback to the early 1920s. In those years, just after World War I, the military wanted to build an American highway system for national defense. Such a system could, if necessary, move troops quickly from one area to another. It could also get people out of cities and danger of being bombed. So-called roads of national importance were designated, but they were mostly small country roads. In 1944, Congress passed a bill to upgrade the system but did not fund the plan right away. In the 1950s, the plan began to become a reality. Over 25 billion dollars was appropriated by Congress, and construction began on about 40 thousand miles of new roads. The idea was to connect the new system to existing express ways and freeways. And though the system was built mostly to make car travel easier, defense was not forgotten. For instance, highway overpasses have to be high enough to allow trailers carrying military missiles to pass under them. By 1974, the system was mostly completed. A few additional roads would come later. Quick and easy travel between all parts of the country was now possible.Q19: What does the speaker say about the American highway system?Q20: What was the original purpose of building a highway system?Q21: When was the interstate highway system mostly completed?19. D）It is one of the best in the world.20. B）T o move troops quickly from place to place.21. A）In the 1970s.Passage 3 开车用手机发消息是车祸致死的主要原因/智能方向盘Texting while driving was listed as a major cause of road deaths among young Americans back in 2013. A recent study said that 40% of American teens claim to have been in a car when the driver used a cellphone in the way that put people in danger. It sounds like a wide-spread disease, but it’s one that technology may now help to cure. TJ Evarts, a 20-year-old inventor, has come up with a novel solution that could easily put texting drivers on notice. It’s called ‘Smart Wheel’. And it’s a design to fit over the steering wheel of most standard vehicles to track whether or not the driver has two hands on the wheel at all times. Evarts’ invention warns the drivers with a light and a sound when they hold the wheel with one hand only. But as soon as they place another hand back on the wheel, the light turns back to green and the sound stops. It also watches for what’s called ‘close-by hands’, where both hands are close together near the top of the wheel, so the driver can type with both thumbs and drive at the same time. All the data Smart Wheel collects is also sent to a connected app. So any parent who installs Smart Wheel can keep track of the teens’ driving habits. If they try to remove or damage the cover that’s reported as well. Question 22. What is a major cause of road deaths among young Americans?Question 23. What is ‘Smart Wheel’?Question 24. What happens if the driver has one hand on the wheel?Question 25. How do parents keep track of their teens’ driving habits?22. B）Messaging while driving23. D）A device to ensure people drive with both hands.24. C）They are alerted with a light and a sound.25. B）Using a connected app.。
20186月英语六级真题及答案解析(三套)
2018年6月英语六级真题和答案听力Passage 1At some 2300 miles in length, the Mississippi is the longest river in the United States. At some 1000 miles, the Mackenzie is the longest river in Canada. But these waterways seem minute in comparison to the world’s 2 len gthiest rivers: the Nileand the Amazon.The Nile which begins in central Africa and flows over 4100 miles north into the Mediterranean hosted one of the world’s great ancient civilizations along itsshores. Calm and peaceful for most of the year, the Nile used to flood annually,thereby creating, irrigating and carrying new topsoil to the nearby farmland on which ancient Egypt depended for livelihood. As a means of transportation, the rivercarried various vessels up and down its length.A journey through the unobstructed part of this waterway today would pass bythe splendid valley of the Kings, where the tombs of many of these ancient monarchs have stood for over 3000 years. Great civilizations and intensive settlement arehardly associated with the Amazon, yet this 4000 mile-long south American rivercarries about 20% of the world’s fresh water more than the Mississippi, Nile andYangtze combined. Other statistics are equally astonishing. The Amazon is so wideat some p oints that from its center neither shore can be seen. Each second, the Amazon pours some 55 million gallons of water into the Atlantic. There, at its mouth stands one island larger than Switzerland. Most important of all, the Amazon irrigates the largest tropical rain forest on earth.Passage 19. What can be found in the valley of the Kings?10. In what way is the Amazon different from other big rivers?11. What does the speaker say about the Amazon?Recording 2Good morning, ladies and gentlemen, and welcome to the third in our cities ofbusiness seminars in the program “Doing Business Abroad”. (Q19) Today, we are going to look at the intercultural awareness, that is the fact that not everyone is British, not everyone speaks English and not everyone does business in a British way. And,why should they? (Q19) If overseas business people are selling to us, then they will make every effort to speak English and to respect our traditions and methods. Itis only polite for us to do the same when we visit them. It is not only polite, itis a central, if we want to sell British products overseas. First, a short quiz.Let’s see how interculturally-aware you are. Question 1: where must you not drink alcohol on the first and seventh of every month. Question 2: where should you never admire your host’s possessions. Question 3: how s hould you attract the waiter during a business lunch in Bangkok. Question 4: where should you try to make all yourappointments either before 2 or after 5:30 pm. OK, everyone had a chance to makesome notes. Right! Here are the answers. Although I am sure that the informationcould equally well apply to countries other than those I have chosen. No.1: (Q20)you must not drink alcohol on the first and seventh of the month in India. Ininternational hotels, you may find it served, but if you are having a meal with anIndia colleague, remember to avoid asking for a beer. If you are an arrival, coincide with one of those tips. No.2: in Arab countries, the politeness and generosity ofthe people is without parallel. If you admire your colleague’s beautiful belt and bowls, you may well find yourself being presented with them as a present. This isnot a cheap way to do your shopping, however, as your host will quite correctly expect you to respond by presenting him with a gift of equal worth and beauty. In Thailand, clicking the fingers, clapping your hands or just shouting “Waiter” will embarrass your hosts, fellow diners, the waiter himself and, most of all, you. Place your palm downward and make an inconspicuous waving gesture, which will produce instant andsatisfying results. And finally, (Q21) in Spain, some businesses maintain thepattern of working until about 2 o’clock and then returning to the office from 5:30 to 8, 9 or 10 in the evening.Q19: What should you do when doing business with foreigners?Q20: What must you avoid doing with your Indian colleague?Q21: What do we learn about some Spanish people?选词填空儿歌Did Sarah Josepha Hale write “Mary’s Little Lamb,” the eternal nursery rhyme （儿歌）about girl named M ary with a stubborn lamb? This is still disputed, but it’s clear that the woman 26 reputed for writing it was one of America’s most fascinating27 character s. In honor of the poem publication on May 24,1830, here’s more about the 28 supposed author’s life.Hale wasn’t just a writer, she was also a 29 fierce social advocate, and shewas particularly 30 obsessed with an ideal New England, which she associated withabundant Thanksgivinx xg meals that she claimed had “a deep moral influence,” she began a nationwide 31 campaign to have a national holiday declared that would bring families together while celebrating the 32 traditional festivals. In 1863, after17 years of advocacy including letters to five presidents, Hale got it. PresidentAbraham Lincoln during the Civil War, issued a 33 proclamation setting aside thelast Thursday in November for the holiday.The true authorship of “Mary’s Little Lamb” is disputed. According to NewEngland Historical Society, Hale wrote only one part of the poem, but claimedauthorship. Regardless of the author, it seems that the poem was 34 inspired by areal event. When y oung Mary Sawyer was followed to school by a lamb in 1816, it caused some problems. A bystander named John Roulstone wrote a poem about the event, then, at some point, Hale herself seems to have helped write it. However, if a 1916 piece by her great-niece is to be trusted, Hale claimed for the 35 rest of her life that“Some other people pretended that someone else wrote the poem”．A）campaignB）careerC）charactersD）featuresE）fierceF）inspiredG）latterH）obsessedI）proclamationJ）rectifiedK）reputedL）restM）supposedN）traditionalO）versatile金字塔Scientists scanning and mapping the Giza pyramids say they've discovered thatthe Great Pyramid of Giza is not exactly even. But really not by much. This pyramid is the oldest of the world’s Seven Wonders. The pyramid’s exact size has 26 puzzled experts for centuries, as the "more than 21 acres of hard, white casing stones" that originally covered it were 27 removed long ago.Reporting in the most recent issue of the newsletter "AERAGRAM," which 28 chronicles the work of the Ancient Egypt Research Associates, engineer Glen Dashsays that by using a new measuring approach that involved finding any surviving 29 remnants of the casing in order to determine where the original edge was. They found the east side of the pyramid to be a 30 maximum o f 5.55 inches shorter than the west side.The question that most 31 fascinates him, however, isn't how the Egyptians whodesigned and built the pyramid got it wrong 4,500 years ago, but how they got itso close to 32 perfect. "We can only speculate as to how the Egyptians could havelaid out these lines with such 33 precision using only the tools they had," Dashwrites. He says his 34 hypothesis is that the Egyptians laid out their design ona grid, noting that the great pyramid is oriented only 35 slightly away from thecardinal directions (its north-south axis runs 3 minutes 54 seconds west of due north, while its east-west axis runs 3 minutes 51 seconds north of due east)—an amount that's "tiny, but similar," Atlas Obscura points out.chroniclescompleteestablishedfascinateshypothesismaximummomentummysteriouslyperfectprecisionpuzzledremnantsremovedrevelationsslightly家用机器人When Elon Musk says, as he did this week, that his new priority is using artificial intelligence to build domestic robots, we should not only take note, but look forward to the day we can put our legs up in admiration.Mr. Musk is a guy who gets things done. The founder of two “moonshot” tech companies, Tesla Motors and SpaceX, is bringing electric vehicles to mass marketand 26 humans to live on other planets. Lest this strike the amateur techie—not that readers of The Independent would ever count among them—as so much hot air, you can be reassured that the near $13bn (￡8.8bn) fortune this entrepreneur has 27 comes from practical achievements rather than hypothetical ones.A lot of clever people are 28 about artificial intelligence, fearingthat robots will one day become so 29 they’ll murder all of us. These fears are mostly 30 : as with hysteria about genetic modification, we humans aregenerally wise enough to manage these problems with alacrity and care.And just think of how wonderful it would be if you had a live-in robot. It could — 31 —be like having a babysitter and masseuse rolled into one —or, if that required 32 intelligence beyond the ken of Mr. Musk’s imagined ma chine, at least some one to chop the carrots, wash the car and mow t he lawn. Once purchased and trained, this would allow the 33 user to save money and time, freeingup 34 space in our busy lives to, for instance, read The Independent.That is w hy we welcome Mr. Musk’s latest35 , and wish him well. As long as robots add to the sum of human h appiness, reduce suffering or cumbersome activity, and create time to read world-class journalism, The Independent will be their fans. Especially since journalism is one job robots will never do.A) amassedB) casualC) emotionalD) enablingE) eventuallyF) exaggeratedG) extravagantH) generouslyI) misleadingJ) preciousK) rewardL) smartM) sphereN) terrifiedO) venture答案：26. D enabling27. A amassed28. N terrified29. L smart30. F exaggerated31. E eventually32. C emotional33. B casual34. J precious35. O venture阅读Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.The Ebro Delta, in Spain, famous as a battleground during the Spanish CivilWar, is now the setting for a different contest, one that is pitting rice farmersagainst two enemies: the rice-eating giant apple snail, and rising sea levels. What happens here will have a bearing on the future of European rice production and theoverall health of southern European wetlands.Located on the Mediterranean just two hours south of Barcelona, the EbroDelta produces 120 million kilograms of rice a year, making it one of the continent’s most important rice-growing areas. As the sea creeps into these fresh-water marshes, however, rising salinity（盐分）is hampering rice production. At the same t ime, this sea-water also kills off the greedy giant apple snail, an introduced pest that feeds on young rice plants. The most promising strategy has become to harness one foeagainst the other.The battle is currently being waged on land, in greenhouses at the Universityof Barcelona. Scientists working under the banner “Project Neurice” are seeking varieties of rice that can withstand the increasing salinity without losing theabsorbency that makes European rice ideal for traditional Spanish and Italiandishes.“The project has two sides,” says Xavier Serrat, Neurice project manager and researcher at the University of Barcelona. “the short-term fight against the snail, and a mid- to long-term fight against climate change. But the snail has given theproject greater urgency.”Originally from South America, the snails were accidentally introduced into the Ebro Delta by Global Aquatic Tecnologies, a company that raised the snails forfresh-water aquariums（水族馆）, but failed to prevent their escape. For now, thegiant apple snail’s presence in Europe is limited to the Ebro Delta. But the snail continues its march to new ter ritory, says Serrat. “The question is not if it will reach other rice-growing areas of Europe, but when.”Over the next year and a half investigators will test the various strains of salt-tolerant rice they’ve bred. In 2018, farmers will plant the var ieties withthe most promise in the Ebro Delta and Europe’s other two main rice-growing regions—along the Po in Italy, and France’s Rh?ne. A season in the field willhelp determine which, if any, of the varieties are ready for commercialization.As an EU-funded effort, the search for salt-tolerant varieties of rice istaking place in all three countries. Each team is crossbreeding a local Europeanshort-grain rice with a long-grain Asian variety that carries the salt-resistantgene. The scientists are breeding successive generations to arrive at varieties that incorporate salt tolerance but retain about 97 percent of the European rice genome （基因组）.46.Why does the author mention the Spanish Civil War at the beginning of the passage?A. It had great impact on the life of Spanish rice farmers.B. It is of great significance in the records of Spanish history.C. Rice farmers in the Ebro Delta are waging a battle of similar importance.D. Rice farmers in the Ebro Delta are experiencing as hard a time as in the war.47.What may be the most effective strategy for rice farmers to employ in fightingtheir enemies?A. Striking the weaker enemy firstB. Killing two birds with one stoneC. Eliminating the enemy one by oneD. Using one evil to combat the other48. What do we learn about “Project Neurice”？A. Its goals will have to be realized at a cost.B. It aims to increase the yield of Spanish rice.C. Its immediate priority is to bring the pest under control.D. It tries to kill the snails with the help of climate change.49. What does Neurice project manager say about the giant apple snail?A. It can survive only on southern European wetlands.B. It will invade other rice-growing regions of Europe.C. It multiplies at a speed beyond human imagination.D. It was introduced into the rice fields on purpose.50. What is the ultimate goal of the EU-funded program?A. Cultivating ideal salt-resistant rice varieties.B. Increasing the absorbency of the Spanish rice.C. Introducing Spanish rice to the rest of Europe.D. Popularizing the rice crossbreeding technology.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Photography was once an expensive, laborious ordeal reserved for life'sgreatest milestones. Now, the only apparent cost to taking infinite photos ofsomething as common as a meal is the space on your hard drive and your diningcompanion's patience.But is there another cost, a deeper cost, to documenting a life experience instead of simply enjoying it? "You hear that you shouldn't take all these photos andinterrupt the experience, and it's bad for you, and we're not living in the present moment," says Kristin Diehl, associate professor of marketing at the University of Southern California Marshall School of Business.Diehl and her fellow researchers wanted to find out if that was true, so they embarked on a series of nine experiments in the lab and in the field testing people's enjoyment in the presence or absence of a camera. The results, published in theJournal of Personality and Social Psychology, surprised them. Taking photos actually makes people enjoy what they're doing more, not less."What we find is you actually look at the world slightly differently, because you're looking for things you want to capture, that you may want to hang onto," Diehl explains. "That gets people more engaged in the experience, and they tend to enjoyit more."Take sightseeing. In one experiment, nearly 200 participants boarded a double-decker bus for a tour of Philadelphia. Both bus tours forbade the use of cell phones but one tour provided digital cameras and encouraged people to take photos. The people who took photos enjoyed the experience significantly more, and said they were more engaged, than those who didn't.Snapping a photo directs attention, which heightens the pleasure you get from whatever you're looking at, Diehl says. It works for things as boring as archaeological（考古的）museums, where people were given eye-tracking glasses and instructed either to take photos or not. "People look longer at things they wantto photograph," Diehl says. They report liking the exhibits more, too.To the relief of Instagrammers（Instagram用户）everywhere, it can even makes meals more enjoyable. When p eople were encouraged to take at least three photos while they ate lunch, they were more immersed in their meals than those who weren't toldto take photos.Was it the satisfying click of the camera? The physical act of the snap? No,they found; just the act of planning to take a photo—and not actually taking it—had the same joy-boosting effect. "If you want to take mental photos, that works thesame way," Diehl says. "Thinking about what you would want to photograph also getsyou more engaged."51.What does the author say about photo-taking in the past?A. It was a painstaking effort for recording life’s major events.B. It was a luxury that only a few wealthy people could enjoy.C. It was a good way to preserve one’s precious images.D. It was a skill that required lots of practice to master.52.Kristin Diehl conducted a series of experiments on photo-taking to find out__________.A. what kind of pleasure it would actually bring to photo-takersB. whether people enjoyed it when they did sightseeingC. how it could help to enrich people’s life experiencesD. Whether it prevented people enjoying what they were doing53.What do the results of D iehl’s experiments show that people taking photos?A. They are distracted from what they are doing.B. They can better remember what they see or do.C. They are more absorbed in what catches their eye.D. They can have a better understanding of the world.54.What is found about museum visitors with the aid of eye-tracking glasses?A. They come out with better photographs of the exhibits.B. They focus more on the exhibits when taking pictures.C. They have a better view of what are on display.D. They follow the historical events more easily.55.What do we learn from the last paragraph?A. It is better to make plans before taking photos.B. Mental photos can be as beautiful as snapshots.C. Photographers can derive great joy from the click of the camera.D. Even the very thought of taking a photo can have a positive effect.翻译自行车自行车曾经是中国城乡最主要的交通工具，中国一度被称为“自行车王国”。
2018年6月英语六级真题和答案 (三套)
2018年6月英语六级真题和答案听力Passage 1At some 2300 miles in length, the Mississippi is the longest river in the United States. At some 1000 miles, the Mackenzie is the longest river in Canada. But these waterways seem minute in comparison to the world’s 2 lengthiest rivers: the Nile and the Amazon.The Nile which begins in central Africa and flows over 4100 miles north into the Mediterranean hosted one of the world’s great ancient civilizations along its shores. Calm and peaceful for most of the year, the Nile used to flood annually, thereby creating, irrigating and carrying new topsoil to the nearby farmland on which ancient Egypt depended for livelihood. As a means of transportation, the river carried various vessels up and down its length.A journey through the unobstructed part of this waterway today would pass by the splendid valley of the Kings, where the tombs of many of these ancient monarchs have stood for over 3000 years. Great civilizations and intensive settlement are hardly associated with the Amazon, yet this 4000 mile-long south American river carries about 20% of the world’s fresh water more than the Mississippi, Nile and Yangtze combined. Other statistics are equally astonishing. The Amazon is so wide at some points that from its center neither shore can be seen. Each second, the Amazon pours some 55 million gallons of water into the Atlantic. There, at its mouth stands one island larger than Switzerland. Most important of all, the Amazon irrigates the largest tropical rain forest on earth.Passage 19. What can be found in the valley of the Kings?10. In what way is the Amazon different from other big rivers?11. What does the speaker say about the Amazon?Recording 2Good morning, ladies and gentlemen, and welcome to the third in our cities of business seminars in the program “Doing Business Abroad”. (Q19) Today, we are going to look at the intercultural awareness, that is the fact that not everyone is British, not everyone speaks English and not everyone does business in a British way. And, why should they? (Q19) If overseas business people are selling to us, then they will make every effort to speak English and to respect our traditions and methods. It is only polite for us to do the same when we visit them. It is not only polite, it is a central, if we want to sell British products overseas. First, a short quiz. Let’s see how interculturally-aware you are. Question 1: where must you not drink alcohol on the first and seventh of every month. Question 2: where should you never admire your host’s possessions. Question 3: how should you attract the waiter during a business lunch in Bangkok. Question 4: where should you try to make all your appointments either before 2 or after 5:30 pm. OK, everyone had a chance to make some notes. Right! Here are the answers. Although I am sure that the information could equally well apply to countries other than those I have chosen. No.1: (Q20) you must not drink alcohol on the first and seventh of the month in India. In international hotels, you may find it served, but if you are having a meal with an India colleague, remember to avoid asking for a beer. If you are an arrival, coincide with one of those tips. No.2: in Arab countries, the politeness and generosity of the people is without parallel. If you admire your colleague’s beautiful belt and bowls, you may well find yourself being presented with them as a present. This is not a cheap way to do your shopping, however, as your host will quite correctly expect you to respond by presenting him with a gift of equal worth and beauty. In Thailand, clicking the fingers, clapping your hands or just shouting “Waiter” will embarrass your hosts, fellow diners, the waiter himself and, most of all, you. Place your palm downward and make an inconspicuous waving gesture, which will produce instant and satisfying results. And finally, (Q21) in Spain, some businesses maintain the pattern of working until about 2 o’clock and then returning to the office from 5:30 to 8, 9 or 10 in the evening.Q19: What should you do when doing business with foreigners?Q20: What must you avoid doing with your Indian colleague?Q21: What do we learn about some Spanish people?选词填空儿歌Did Sarah Josepha Hale write “Mary’s Little Lamb,” the eternal nursery rhyme（儿歌）about girl named Mary with a stubborn lamb? This is still disputed, but it’s clear that the woman 26 reputed for writing it was one of America’s most fascinating 27 characters. In honor of the poem publication on May 24,1830, here’s more about the 28 supposed author’s life.Hale wasn’t just a writer, she was also a 29 fierce social advocate, and she was particularly 30 obsessed with an ideal New England, which she associated with abundant Thanksgivinx xg meals that she claimed had “a deep moral influence,” she began a nationwide 31 campaign to have a national holiday declared that would bring families together while celebrating the 32 traditional festivals. In 1863, after 17 years of advocacy including letters to five presidents, Hale got it. President Abraham Lincoln during the Civil War, issued a 33 proclamation setting aside the last Thursday in November for the holiday.The true authorship of “Mary’s Little Lamb” is disputed. According to New England Historical Society, Hale wrote only one part of the poem, but claimed authorship. Regardless of the author, it seems that the poem was 34 inspired by a real event. When young Mary Sawyer was followed to school by a lamb in 1816, it caused some problems. A bystander named John Roulstone wrote a poem about the event, then, at some point, Hale herself seems to have helped write it. However, if a 1916 piece by her great-niece is to be trusted, Hale claimed for the 35 rest of her life that “Some other people pretended that someone else wrote the poem”.A）campaignB）careerC）charactersD）featuresE）fierceF）inspiredG）latterH）obsessedI）proclamationJ）rectifiedK）reputedL）restM）supposedN）traditionalO）versatile金字塔Scientists scanning and mapping the Giza pyramids say they've discovered that the Great Pyramid of Giza is not exactly even. But really not by much. This pyramid is the oldest of the world’s Seven Wonders. The pyramid’s exact size has 26 puzzled experts for centuries, as the "more than 21 acres of hard, white casing stones" that originally covered it were 27 removed long ago.Reporting in the most recent issue of the newsletter "AERAGRAM," which 28 chronicles the work of the Ancient Egypt Research Associates, engineer Glen Dash says that by using a new measuring approach that involved finding any surviving 29 remnants of the casing in order to determine where the original edge was. They found the east side of the pyramid to be a 30 maximum of 5.55 inches shorter than the west side.The question that most 31 fascinates him, however, isn't how the Egyptians who designed and built the pyramid got it wrong 4,500 years ago, but how they got it so close to 32 perfect. "We can only speculate as to how theEgyptians could have laid out these lines with such 33 precision using only the tools they had," Dash writes. He says his 34 hypothesis is that the Egyptians laid out their design on a grid, noting that the great pyramid is oriented only 35 slightly away from the cardinal directions (its north-south axis runs 3 minutes 54 seconds west of due north, while its east-west axis runs 3 minutes 51 seconds north of due east)—an amount that's "tiny, but similar," Atlas Obscura points out.chroniclescompleteestablishedfascinateshypothesismaximummomentummysteriouslyperfectprecisionpuzzledremnantsremovedrevelationsslightly家用机器人When Elon Musk says, as he did this week, that his new priority is using artificial intelligence to build domestic robots, we should not only take note, but look forward to the day we can put our legs up in admiration.Mr. Musk is a guy who gets things done. The founder of two “moonshot”tech companies, Tesla Motors and SpaceX, is bringing electric vehicles to mass market and 26 humans to live on other planets. Lest this strike the amateur techie—not that readers of The Independent would ever count among them—as so much hot air, you can be reassured that the near $13bn(£8.8bn) fortune this entrepreneur has 27 comes from practical achievements rather than hypothetical ones.A lot of clever people are 28 about artificial intelligence, fearing that robots will one day become so 29 they’ll murder all of us. These fears are mostly 30 : as with hysteria about genetic modification, we humans are generally wise enough to manage these problems with alacrity and care.And just think of how wonderful it would be if you had a live-in robot. It could — 31 — be like having a babysitter and masseuse rolled into one —or, if that required 32 intelligence beyond the ken of Mr. Musk’s imagined machine, at least some one to chop the carrots, wash the car and mow the lawn. Once purchased and trained, this would allow the 33 user to save money and time, freeing up 34 space in our busy lives to, for instance, read The Independent.That is why we welcome Mr. Musk’s latest 35 , and wish him well. As long as robots add to the sum of human happiness, reduce suffering or cumbersome activity, and create time to read world-class journalism, The Independent will be their fans. Especially since journalism is one job robots will never do.A) amassedB) casualC) emotionalD) enablingE) eventuallyF) exaggeratedG) extravagantH) generouslyI) misleadingJ) preciousK) rewardL) smartM) sphereN) terrifiedO) venture答案：26. D enabling27. A amassed28. N terrified29. L smart30. F exaggerated31. E eventually32. C emotional33. B casual34. J precious35. O venture阅读Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.The Ebro Delta, in Spain, famous as a battleground during the Spanish Civil War, is now the setting for a different contest, one that is pitting rice farmers against two enemies: the rice-eating giant apple snail, and rising sea levels. What happens here will have a bearing on the future of European rice production and the overall health of southern European wetlands.Located on the Mediterranean just two hours south of Barcelona, the Ebro Delta produces 120 million kilograms of rice a year, making it one of the continent’s most important rice-growing areas. As the sea creeps into these fresh-water marshes, however, rising salinity（盐分）is hampering rice production. At the same time, this sea-water also kills off the greedy giant apple snail, an introduced pest that feeds on young rice plants. The most promising strategy has become to harness one foe against the other.The battle is currently being waged on land, in greenhouses at theUniversity of Barcelona. Scientists working under the banner “Project Neurice” are seeking varieties of rice that can withstand the increasing salinity without losing the absorbency that makes European rice ideal for traditional Spanish and Italian dishes.“The project has two sides,” says Xavier Serrat, Neurice project manager and researcher at the University of Barcelona. “the short-term fight against the snail, and a mid- to long-term fight against climate change. But the snail has given the project greater urgency.”Originally from South America, the snails were accidentally introduced into the Ebro Delta by Global Aquatic Tecnologies, a company that raised the snails for fresh-water aquariums（水族馆）, but failed to prevent their escape. For now, the giant apple snail’s presence in Europe is limited to the Ebro Delta. But the snail continues its march to new territory, says Serrat.“The question is not if it will reach other rice-growing areas of Europe, but when.”Over the next year and a half investigators will test the various strains of salt-tolerant rice they’ve bred. In 2018, farmers will plant the varieties with the most promise in the Ebro Delta and Europe’s other two main rice-growing regions—along the Po in Italy, and France’s Rhône. A season in the field will help determine which, if any, of the varieties are ready for commercialization.As an EU-funded effort, the search for salt-tolerant varieties of rice is taking place in all three countries. Each team is crossbreeding a local European short-grain rice with a long-grain Asian variety that carries the salt-resistant gene. The scientists are breeding successive generations to arrive at varieties that incorporate salt tolerance but retain about 97 percent of the European rice genome（基因组）.46.Why does the author mention the Spanish Civil War at the beginning of the passage?A. It had great impact on the life of Spanish rice farmers.B. It is of great significance in the records of Spanish history.C. Rice farmers in the Ebro Delta are waging a battle of similar importance.D. Rice farmers in the Ebro Delta are experiencing as hard a time as in the war.47.What may be the most effective strategy for rice farmers to employ in fighting their enemies?A. Striking the weaker enemy firstB. Killing two birds with one stoneC. Eliminating the enemy one by oneD. Using one evil to combat the other48. What do we learn about “Project Neurice”?A. Its goals will have to be realized at a cost.B. It aims to increase the yield of Spanish rice.C. Its immediate priority is to bring the pest under control.D. It tries to kill the snails with the help of climate change.49. What does Neurice project manager say about the giant apple snail?A. It can survive only on southern European wetlands.B. It will invade other rice-growing regions of Europe.C. It multiplies at a speed beyond human imagination.D. It was introduced into the rice fields on purpose.50. What is the ultimate goal of the EU-funded program?A. Cultivating ideal salt-resistant rice varieties.B. Increasing the absorbency of the Spanish rice.C. Introducing Spanish rice to the rest of Europe.D. Popularizing the rice crossbreeding technology.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Photography was once an expensive, laborious ordeal reserved for life's greatest milestones. Now, the only apparent cost to taking infinite photos of something as common as a meal is the space on your hard drive and your dining companion's patience.But is there another cost, a deeper cost, to documenting a life experience instead of simply enjoying it? "You hear that you shouldn't take all these photos and interrupt the experience, and it's bad for you, and we're not living in the present moment," says Kristin Diehl, associate professor of marketing at the University of Southern California Marshall School of Business.Diehl and her fellow researchers wanted to find out if that was true, so they embarked on a series of nine experiments in the lab and in the field testing people's enjoyment in the presence or absence of a camera. The results, published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, surprised them. Taking photos actually makes people enjoy what they're doing more, not less."What we find is you actually look at the world slightly differently, because you're looking for things you want to capture, that you may want to hang onto," Diehl explains. "That gets people more engaged in the experience, and they tend to enjoy it more."Take sightseeing. In one experiment, nearly 200 participants boarded a double-decker bus for a tour of Philadelphia. Both bus tours forbade the use of cell phones but one tour provided digital cameras and encouraged people to take photos. The people who took photos enjoyed the experience significantly more, and said they were more engaged, than those who didn't. Snapping a photo directs attention, which heightens the pleasure you get from whatever you're looking at, Diehl says. It works for things as boring as archaeological（考古的）museums, where people were given eye-tracking glasses and instructed either to take photos or not. "People look longer at things they want to photograph," Diehl says. They report liking the exhibits more, too.To the relief of Instagrammers（Instagram用户）everywhere, it can even makes meals more enjoyable. When people were encouraged to take at least three photos while they ate lunch, they were more immersed in theirmeals than those who weren't told to take photos.Was it the satisfying click of the camera? The physical act of the snap? No, they found; just the act of planning to take a photo—and not actually taking it—had the same joy-boosting effect. "If you want to take mental photos, that works the same way," Diehl says. "Thinking about what you would want to photograph also gets you more engaged."51.What does the author say about photo-taking in the past?A. It was a painstaking effort for recording life’s major events.B. It was a luxury that only a few wealthy people could enjoy.C. It was a good way to preserve one’s precious images.D. It was a skill that required lots of practice to master.52.Kristin Diehl conducted a series of experiments on photo-taking to find out __________.A. what kind of pleasure it would actually bring to photo-takersB. whether people enjoyed it when they did sightseeingC. how it could help to enrich people’s life experiencesD. Whether it prevented people enjoying what they were doing53.What do the results of Diehl’s experiments show that people taking photos?A. They are distracted from what they are doing.B. They can better remember what they see or do.C. They are more absorbed in what catches their eye.D. They can have a better understanding of the world.54.What is found about museum visitors with the aid of eye-tracking glasses?A. They come out with better photographs of the exhibits.B. They focus more on the exhibits when taking pictures.C. They have a better view of what are on display.D. They follow the historical events more easily.55.What do we learn from the last paragraph?A. It is better to make plans before taking photos.B. Mental photos can be as beautiful as snapshots.C. Photographers can derive great joy from the click of the camera.D. Even the very thought of taking a photo can have a positive effect.翻译自行车自行车曾经是中国城乡最主要的交通工具，中国一度被称为“自行车王国”。
2018年6月大学英语六级考试真题(第三套)
2018年6月六级考试真题（第三套）PartⅠWriting (30 minutes)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the importance of building trust between businesses and consumers. You can cite examples to illustrateyour views. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.Part ⅡListening Comprehension说明：2018年6月六级真题全国共考了两套听力。
本套的听力内容与第二套的完全一样，只是选项的顺序不一样而已，故在本套中不再重复给出。
Part ⅢReading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section ADirections: I n this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read thepassage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank isidentified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet2with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bankmore than once.When Elon Musk says that his new priority is using artificial intelligence to build domestic robots, we should look forward to the day in admiration.Mr. Musk is a guy who gets things done. The founder of two tech companies, Tesla Motors and SpaceX, is bringing electric vehicles to mass market and 26 humans to live on other planets. This sounds like so much hot air, but the near $13 billion fortune this entrepreneur has 27 comes from practical achievements rather than hypothetical ones.A lot of clever people are 28 about artificial intelligence, fearing that robots will one day become so 29 that they’ll murder all of us. These fears are mostly 30 : as with hysteria about genetic modification, we humans are generally wise enough to manage these problems with speed and care.And just think of how wonderful it would be if you had a live-in robot. It could, 31 , be likehaving a babysitter and a nurse rolled into one—or, if that required 32 intelligence beyond the power of Mr. Musk’s imagined machine, at least someone to chop the carrots, wash the car and mow the lawn. Once purchased and trained, this would allow the 33 user to save money and time, freeing up 34 space in our busy lives to read a good book.That is wh y we welcome Mr. Musk’s latest 35 , and wish him well. As long as robots add to the sum of human happiness, reduce suffering, and create time to read world-class journalism, we should be their fans. Especially since journalism is one job robots will never do.Section BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraphfrom which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.In the real world, nobody cares that you went to an Ivy League school[A] As a high school junior, everything in my life revolved around getting into the right college. Idiligently attended my SAT, ACT, and Advanced Placement test preparation courses. I juggled (尽力应付) cross-country and track schedules, newspaper staff, and my church’s youth group and drama team. I didn’t drink, party, or even do much dating. The right college, I thought, was one with prestige, one with a name. It didn’t have to be the Ivy League, but it needed to be a “top school.”[B] Looking back now, nine years later, I can’t remember exactly what it was about these universitiesthat made them seem so much better. Was it a curriculum that appeared more rigorous, perhaps?Or an alumni network that I hoped would open doors down the line? Maybe. “I do think there are advantages to schools with more recognition,” notes Mary beth Gasman, a professor of higher education at the University of Pennsylvania. “I don’t necessarily think that’s a reason to go to one.”[C] In reflection, my firm belief in the power of the brand was naive, not to mention a bit snobby. Iquickly passed over state schools and southern schools, believing their curriculums to be automatically inferior to northeastern or western counterparts. Instead, I dreamed of living in NewYork City and my parents obliged me with a visit to New York University’s (NYU)campus.During the tour, tuition fees were discussed. (NYU is consistently ranked one of the count1y’s most expensive schools, with room and board costs totaling upwards of $64,000 a year.) Up until then, I hadn’t truly realized just how expensive an educat ion can be. Over the next few months, I realized not only could I not afford my dream school, I couldn’t even afford the ones where I’d been accepted. City University of New York (CUNY), Rutgers University, and Indiana University were out of reach as were Mississippi State and the University of Alabama, where I would have to pay out-of-state fees. Further complicating my college search was a flourishing track career—I wanted to keep running but my times weren’t quite fast enough to secure a scholarship.[D] And so, at 11pm on the night of Georgia State University’s (GSU) midnight deadline, I appliedonline. Rated No. 466 overall on Forbes’ Lists Top Colleges, No. 183 in Research Universities, and No. 108 in the South, I can’t say it was my top choice. Sti ll, the track coach had offered me a walk-on spot, and I actually found the urban Atlanta campus a decent consolation prize after New York City.[E] While it may have been practical, it wasn’t prestigious. But here’s the thing: I loved my“lower-tier” (低层次的) university. (I use the term “low-tier” cautiously, because GSU is a well-regarded research institution that attracts high quality professors and faculty from all over the country.) We are taught to believe that only by going to the best schools and getting the best grades can we escape the rat race and build a better future. But what if lower-tier colleges and universities were the ticket to escaping the rat race? After all, where else can you leave school with a decent degree—but without a lifetime of debt?[F] My school didn’t come pre-packaged like the more popular options, so we were left to take care ofourselves, figuring out city life and trying to complete degree programs that no one was championing for us to succeed in. What I’m saying is, I loved my university because it taught us all to be resourceful and we could make what we wanted out of it.[G] I was lucky enough to have my tuition covered by a lottery-funded scholarship called HOPE(Helping Outstanding Pupils Educationally). When I started college, the HOPE scholarship was funded by the state of Georgia and offered to graduating high school seniors with a GPA of 3.0 or higher. Living costs and books I paid for with money earned during high school, supplemented bya small college fund my deceased grandfather left for me and a modest savings account my parentscreated when I was born.[H] So what about all that name recognition? Sure, many of my colleagues and competitors have moreglamorous alma maters (母校) than I do. As a journalist, I have competed against NYU, Columbia, and Northeastern graduates for jobs. And yet, not a single interviewer has ever asked me about my educational background. In fact, almost every interview I’ve ever had was due to a connection—one that I’ve gained through pure determination, not a school brand.[I] According to The Boston Globe, students who earned their bachelor’s in 2012 have an averagemonthly loan payment of $312, which is one-third more than those who graduated in 2004.Ultimately, that’s the thing universities don’t want to admit. Private universities are money-making institutions. If you can afford to buy prestige, that’s your choice. For the rest of us, however, our hearty lower-tiered universities are just fine, thank you.[J] Wealthy universities talk up the benefits their name will give graduates: namely, strong alumni networks, star faculty, and a résumé boost. But you needn’t attend an Ivy League school to reap those rewards. Ludacris and the former CEO of Bank of America Ken Lewis are alumni of my college, as well as VICE’s first female editor-in-chief, Ellis Jones. Successful people tend to besuccessful no matter where they go to school, and lower-tier schools can have alumni networks just as strong as their big name counterparts. In fact, lower-tier school alumni networks are arguably stronger, because fellow alumni recognize that you didn’t necessarily have an easy path to follow. They might be more willing to offer career help, because your less famous school denotes that, like them, you are also full of energy and perseverance.[K] The Washington Post reported on a recent study by Princeton economists, in which college graduates who applied to the most selective schools in the 12th grade were compared to those who applied to slightly less selective schools. They found that students with more potential earned more as adults, and the reverse held true as well, no matter where they went to school.[L] Likewise, star faculty are not always found where you’d expect. Big name schools ar e not necessarily the best places for professors; plus, many professors split teaching time between multiple colleges and/or universities. This means, for instance, a CUNY student could reasonably expect to receive the same quality of instruction from a prestigious professor as they would if they were enrolled in the same class at NYU.[M] It’s possible that some hiring managers may be drawn to candidates with a particular educational résumé, but it’s no guarantee. According to a 2012 survey described in The Atlantic, college reputation ranked lowest in relative importance of attributes in evaluating graduates for hire, beaten out by top factors like internships, employment during college, college major, volunteer experience, and extracurriculars.[N] Maybe students who choose less prestigious universities are bound to succeed because they are determined to. I tend to think so. In any case, if I could do it again, I’d still make the same choice.Today I’m debt-free, resourceful—and I understand that even the shiniest packaging can’t predict what you’ll find on the inside.36. Modest institutions can also have successful graduates and strong alumni networks.37. The money the author made in high school helped pay for her living expenses and books at college.38. The author came to see how costly college education could be when she was trying to choose a university to attend.39. A recent study found that a graduate’s salary is determined by their potential, not the university they attended.40. The author cannot recall for sure what made certain top universities appear a lot better.41. None of the author’s job interviewers cared which college she went to.42. The author thinks she did the right thing in choosing a less prestigious university.43.In order to be admitted to a prestigious university, the author took part in various extracurricular activities and attended test preparation courses.44. The author liked her university which was not prestigious but less expensive.45. Colleges are reluctant to admit that graduates today are in heavier debt.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Economically speaking, are we better off than we were ten years ago? Twenty years ago?In their thirst for evidence on this issue, commentators seized on the recent report by the Census Bureau, which found that average household income rose by 5.2% in 2015. Unfortunately, that conclusion puts too much weight on a useful, but flawed and incomplete, statistic. Among the more significant problems with the Census’s measure are that: l) it excludes taxes, transfers, and compensation like employer-provided health insurance; and 2) it is based on surveys rather than data. Even if precisely measured, income data exclude important determinants of economic well-being, such as the hours of work needed to earn that income.While thinking about the question, we came across a recently published article by Charles Jones and Peter Klenow, which proposes an interesting new measure of economic welfare. While by no means perfect, it is considerably more comprehensive than average income; taking into account not only growth in consumption per person but also changes in working time, life expectancy, and inequality. Moreover, it can be used to assess economic performance both across countries and over time.The Jones-Klenow method can be illustrated by a cross-country example. Suppose we want to compare the economic welfare of citizens of the U.S. and France in 2005.In 2005, as the authors observe, real consumption per person in France was only 60% as high as the U.S., making it appear that Americans were economically much better off than the French on average. However, that comparison omits other relevant factors: leisure time, life expectancy, and economic inequality. The French take longer vacations and retire earlier, so typically work fewer hours; they enjoy a higher life expectancy, presumably reflecting advantages with respect to health care, diet, lifestyle, and the like; and income and consumption are somewhat more equally distributed there than in the U.S. Because of these differences, comparing France’s consumption with the U.S.’s overstates the gap in economic welfare.Similar calculations can be used to compare the U.S. and other countries. For example, this calculation puts economic welfare in the United Kingdom at 97% of U.S. levels, but estimates Mexican well-being at 22%.The Jones-Klenow measure can also assess an economy’s performance over time. According to this measure, as of the early-to-mid-2000s, the U.S. had the highest economic welfare of any large country. Since 2007, economic welfare in the U.S. has continued to improve. However, the pace of improvement has slowed markedly.Methodologically, the lesson from the Jones-Klenow research is that economic welfare is multi-dimensional. Their approach is flexible enough that in principle other important quality-of-life changes could be incorporated—for example, decreases in total emissions of pollutants and declines in crime rates.46. What does the author think of the 2015 report by the Census Bureau?A) It is based on questionable statistics. C) It evidences the improved welfare.B) It reflects the economic changes. D) It provides much food for thought.47. What does the author say about the Jones-Klenow method?A) It is widely used to compare the economic growth across countries.B) It revolutionizes the way of measuring ordinary people’s livelihood.C) It focuses on people’s consumption rather than their ave rage income.D) It is a more comprehensive measure of people’s economic well-being.48. What do Jones and Klenow think of the comparison between France and the U.S. in terms of real consumption per person?A) It reflected the existing big gap between the two economies.B) I t neglected many important indicators of people’s welfare.C) It covered up the differences between individual citizens.D) It failed to count in their difference in natural resources.49. What is an advantage of the Jones-Klenow method?A) It can accurately pinpoint a country’s current economic problems.B) It can help to raise people’s awareness of their economic well-being.C) It can diagnose the causes of a country’s slowing pace of economic improvement.D) It can compare a country’s economic conditions between different periods of time.50. What can we infer from the passage about American people’s economic well-being?A) It is much better than that of their European counterparts.B) It has been on the decline ever since the turn of the century.C) It has not improved as much as reported by the Census Bureau.D) It has not been accurately assessed and reported since mid-2000s.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.If you’ve ever started a sentence with, “If I were you...” or found yourself scratching your head at a colleague’s agony over a decision when the answer is crystal-clear, there’s a scientific reason behind it. Our own decision-making abilities can become depleted over the course of the day causing indecision or poor choices, but choosing on behalf of someone else is an enjoyable task that doesn’t suffer the same pitfalls.The problem is “decision fatigue,” a psychological phenomenon that takes a toll on th e quality of your choices after a long day of decision making, says Evan Polman, a leading psychologist.Physicians who have been on the job for several hours, for example, are more likely to prescribe antibiotics to patients when it’s unwise to do so. “Presumably it’s because it’s simple and easy to write a prescription and consider a patient case closed rather than investigate further,” Polman says.But decision fatigue goes away when you are making the decision for someone else. When people imagine themselves as advisers and imagine their own choices as belonging to someone else, they feel less tired and rely less on decision shortcuts to make those choices. “By taking upon the role of adviser rather than decision maker, one does not suffer the consequenc es of decision fatigue,” he says. “It’s as if there’s something fun and liberating about making someone else’s choice.”Getting input from others not only offers a fresh perspective and thought process, it often also includes riskier choices. While this sounds undesirable, it can be quite good, says Polman. “When people experience decision fatigue—when they are tired of making choices—they have a tendency to choose to go with the status quo(现状),” he says. “But the status quo can be problematic, since a c hange in the course of action can sometimes be important and lead to a positive outcome.”In order to achieve a successful outcome or reward, some level of risk is almost always essential. “People who are susceptible to decision fatigue will likely choose to do nothing over something,” hesays. “That’s not to say that risk is always good, but it is related to taking action, whereas decision fatigue assuredly leads to inaction and the possible chagrin (懊恼) of a decision maker who might otherwise prefer a new course but is unfortunately hindered.”Just because you can make good choices for others doesn’t mean you’ll do the same for yourself, Polman cautions. “Research has found that women negotiate higher salaries for others than they do for themselves,” he sa ys, adding that people slip in and out of decision roles.51. What does the author say about people making decisions?A) They may become exhausted by making too many decisions for themselves.B) They are more cautious in making decisions for others than for themselves.C) They tend to make decisions the way they think advantageous to them.D) They show considerable differences in their decision-making abilities.52. What does the example about the physicians illustrate?A) Patients seldom receive due care towards the end of the day.B) Prescription of antibiotics can be harmful to patients’ health.C) Decision fatigue may prevent people making wise decisions.D) Medical doctors are especially susceptible to decision fatigue.53. When do people feel less decision fatigue?A) When they take decision shortcuts.B) When they help others to make decisions.C) When they have major decisions to make.D) When they have advisers to turn to.54. What are people likely to do when decision fatigue sets in?A) They turn to physicians for advice. C) They adopt a totally new perspective.B) They tend to make risky decisions. D) They refrain from trying anything new.55. What does the passage say about taking some risk in decision making?A) It is vital for one to reach the goal desired.B) It is likely to entail serious consequences.C) It will enable people to be more creative.D) It will more often than not end in regret.Part ⅣTranslation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.中国目前拥有世界上最大最快的高速铁路网。
2018年6月大学英语六级真题试卷(一)(题后含答案及解析)
2018年6月大学英语六级真题试卷（一）(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Writing 2. Listening Comprehension 3. Reading Comprehension 4. TranslationPart I Writing1．For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the importance of building trust between employers and employees. You can cite examples to illustrate your views. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.正确答案：The Importance of Building Trust Between Employers and Employees Trust is the cornerstone of any relationships, which is also applicable to workplace. As the founder of Alibaba, Jack Ma once said, “ The biggest breakthrough of choosing and employing people is to trust them. “Thus, building trust between employers and employees is of vital significance. Trust contributes a lot to the benign development of companies and creates a win-win outcome for both companies and individuals. On the one hand, with the trust in employees, employers will entrust them with the most crucial missions, thus promoting the job performance and career development of employees. On the other hand, mutual trust can provide impetus for employees. They will be highly motivated, willing to work harder and will strive for a better prospect of the company. Take a prestigious company Tencent for example. People in this company attach great importance to trust and work together to make Tencent one of the top ten companies in China. All in all, trust is the precious wealth that should be valued by both employers and employees. There is no doubt that the trust between the two parties should be built, and only by doing so can our society become more prosperous and harmonious.解析：这是一篇议论文写作。
2018年06月四级真题第一套听力原文翻译
News report 1 来自50年前的漂流瓶A message in a bottle sent out to sea by a New Hampshire man more than five decades ago was found 1,500 miles away. And it has been returned to his daughter. A long-last message was discovered by Clint Buffington of Utah while he was vacationing. Buffington says he found a soda bottle half-buried in the sand that looked like it had been there since the beginning of time. The note inside the bottle said, ‘Return to 419 Ocean Street, and receive a reward of $150 from Richard and Tina Pierce, owners of a beachcomber motel.’ The motel was owned by the parents of Paula Piece in 1960. Her father had written the note as a joke and had thrown it into the Atlantic Ocean. Buffington flew to New Hampshire to deliver the message to Paula Piece. She held up to her father’s promise, giving Buffington that reward. But the biggest reward is the message in the bottle finding its way back home.Question 1. What is the news report mainly about?1. A）The return of a bottled message to its owner's daughter.Question 2. Why did Paula Piece give Clint Buffington the reward?2. B）She wanted to honor her father's promise.50多年前，一名新罕布夏州男子在1500英里外发现了一封装在瓶子里的信息，这封信是由一名新罕布夏州男子寄出的。
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2018年6月英语六级听力真题及答案:第1套听力真题Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1. A) It is a typical salad.B) It is a Spanish soup.C) It is a weird vegetable.D) It is a kind of spicy food.2. A) To make it thicker.B) To make it more nutritious.C) To add to its appeal.D) To replace an ingredient.3. A) It contains very little fat.B) It uses olive oil in cooking.C) It uses no artificial additives.D) It is mainly made of vegetables.4. A) It does not go stale for two years.B) It takes no special skill to prepare.C) It comes from a special kind of pig.D) It is a delicacy blended with bread.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5. A) They come in a great variety.B) They do not make decent gifts.C) They do not vary much in price.D) They go well with Italian food.6. A) $30- $40.B) $40- $50.C) $50- $60.D) Around $ 150.7. A) They are a healthy choice for elderly people.B) They are especially popular among Italians.C) They symbolize good health and longevity.D) They go well with different kinds of food.8. A) It is a wine imported from California.B) It is less spicy than all other red wines.C) It is far more expensive than he expected.D) It is Italy's most famous type of red wine.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you willhear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.9. A) Learning others' secrets.B) Searching for information.C) Decoding secret messages.D) Spreading sensational news.10. A) They helped the U. S. army in World W ar Ⅱ.B) They could write down spoken codes promptly.C) They were assigned to decode enemy messages.D) They were good at breaking enemy secret codes.11. A) Important battles fought in the Pacific War.B) Decoding of secret messages in war times.C) A military code that was never broken.D) Navajo Indians' contribution to code breaking.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.12. A) All services will be personalized.B) A lot of knowledge-intensive jobs will be replaced.C) Technology will revolutionize all sectors of industry.D) More information will be available.13. A) In the robotics industry.B) In the information service.C) In the personal care sector.D) In high-end manufacturing.14. A) They charge high prices.B) They need lots of training.C) They cater to the needs of young people.D) They focus on customers' specific needs.15. A) The rising demand in education and healthcare in the next 20 years.B) The disruption caused by technology in traditionally well-paid jobs.C) The tremendous changes new technology will bring to people's lives.D) The amazing amount of personal attention people would like to have.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16. A) It was the longest road in ancient Egypt.B) It was constructed some 500 years ago.C) It lay 8 miles from the monument sites.D) It linked a stone pit to some waterways.17. A) Saws used for cutting stone.B) Traces left by early explorers.C) An ancient geographical map.D) Some stone tool segments.18. A) To transport stones to block floods.B) To provide services for the stone pit.C) To link the various monument sites.D) To connect the villages along the Nile.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the recording you have just heard.19. A) Dr. Gong didn't give him any conventional tests.B) Dr. Gong marked his office with a hand-painted sign.C) Dr. Gong didn't ask him any questions about his pain.D) Dr. Gong slipped in needles where he felt no pain.20. A) He had heard of the wonders acupuncture could work.B) Dr. Gong was very famous in New York's Chinatown.C) Previous medical treatments failed to relieve his pain.D) He found the expensive medical tests unaffordable.21. A) More and more patients ask for the treatment.B) Acupuncture techniques have been perfected.C) It doesn't need the conventional medical tests.D) It does not have any negative side effects.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.22. A) They were on the verge of breaking up.B) They were compatible despite differences.C) They quarreled a lot and never resolved their arguments.D) They argued persistently about whether to have children.23. A) Neither of them has any brothers or sisters.B) Neither of them won their parents' favor.C) They weren't spoiled in their childhood.D) They didn't like to be the apple of their parents' eyes.24. A) They are usually good at making friends.B) They tend to be adventurous and creative.C) They are often content with what they have.D) They tend to be self-assured and responsible.25. A) They enjoy making friends.B) They tend to be well adjusted.C) They are least likely to take initiative.D) They usually have successful marriages.听力答案1. B) It is a Spanish soup.2. A) To make it thicker.3. D) It is mainly made of vegetables.4. C) It comes from a special kind of pig.5. B) They do not make decent gifts.6. A) $30-$40.7. D) They go well with different kinds of food.8. D) It is Italy's most famous type of red wine.9. C) Decoding secret messages.10. A) They helped the U. S. army in World War Ⅱ.11. C) A military code that was never broken.12. B) A lot of knowledge-intensive jobs will be replaced.13. C) In the personal care sector.14. A) They charge high prices.15. B) The disruption caused by technology in traditionally well-paid jobs.16. D) It linked a stone pit to some waterways.17. A) Saws used for cutting stone.18. B) To provide services for the stone pit.19. D) Dr. Gong slipped in needles where he felt no pain.20. C) Previous medical treatments failed to relieve his pain.21. A) More and more patients ask for the treatment.22. C) They quarreled a lot and never resolved their arguments.23. A) Neither of them has any brothers or sisters.24. D) They tend to be self-assured and responsible.25. B) They tend to be well adjusted.。