2020年大学英语四级写作技巧：平行结构
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2020年大学英语四级写作技巧：平行结构Parallel Structure
平行结构
相似的思想应用相似的形式表达出来。句子的成份相近，则也应以相似的形式出现。请注意以下标有"NO"的句子是不规范的。
No： The school bus skidded, turned sideways, then comes to a stop.
Yes： The school bus skidded, turned sideways, and came to a stop.
(并列时态)
No：I don’t know why I married someone who is miserly, sloppy and a bore.
Yes：I don’t know why I married someone who is miserly, sloppy and boring.
(形容词平行结构)
No： In the wreck the circus lost a panda and elephant.
Yes： In the wreck the circus lost a panda and an elephant.
(不定冠词的平行结构)
No： I debated whether I should give the beggar money or to offer him food.
Yes： I debated whether to give the beggar money or to offer him food.
(不定式的平行结构)
No： They would lie on the battlefield for hours and sometimes days.
Yes： They would lie on the battlefield for hours and sometimes for days.
(介词平行结构)
No：Michael’s vacuum cleaner squealed loudly, shook violently, and dust filled the air.
Yes：Michael’s vacuum cleaner squealed loudly, shook violently, and filled the air with dust.
(并列谓语)
No： The mechanic explained the problem, method, and the tools that he was going to use.
Yes： The mechanic explained the problem, method, and tools that he was going to use.
(并列带有定冠词"the"的名词)
No： He retired respected by his associates, admired by his friends, and his employees loved him.
Yes： He retired respected by his associates, admired by his friends, and loved by his employees.
(并列被动语态)
No： As a young man he had been to Shanghai, fighting in the Anti-Japanese War, and following the Nationalist Party to Chongking.
Yes： As a young man he had been to Shanghai, had fought in the Anti-Japanese War and had followed the Nationalist Party to Chongking.
(并列过去完成时)
No： Jane is pretty, with brown hair, and has a graceful manner.
Yes： Jane is pretty, brown-haired, and graceful.
(形容词平行结构)
No： He left the city because of his lack of success in business, the departure of his friends and because his health deteriorated rapidly.
Yes： He left the city because of his lack of success in business, the departure of his friends and his rapidly
failing health.
(作宾语的名词平行结构)
No： They bought the house for location and affordability.
Yes： They bought the house because of its location and
its affordability.
(并列名词;注意代词的所有格)
No： Why did you make Xiao Zhang feel useless and as if he was unimportant?
Yes： Why did you make Xiao Zhang feel useless and unimportant?
(形容词的平行结构)