必修一UNIT4重点及练习.doc
必修一 UNIT 4 Earthquakes 课堂知识点及练习教师用
必修一UNIT 4 Earthquakes 课堂知识点及练习教师用一.句式仿写①Because of the tight schedule，he was once too tired to continue his work.(continue)由于日程紧张，他一度因过度疲劳而不能继续工作。
②It seems as if there will be a heavy rain soon.(there)看来好像很快就要有一场大雨。
③Why did you leave the guests standing there？(stand)你为什么让客人站在那儿？④ Not all students are suitable for the learning method.(all)并不是所有学生都适合这种学习方法。
二. 语法自测——现在进行时的被动语态1.The paint on the statues is_being_cleared away and they will be restored to their former glory.(clear)雕像上的油漆正在被清除，它们即将恢复昔日的风采。
2.It is terribly noisy here as the new machines in the nearby plant_are_being_tested.(test)这里噪音太大，因为旁边工厂里的新机器正在接受检测。
3.A lot of attention is_being_paid_to_greenhouse gas emission.Look at those posters for environmental protection.(pay)温室气体的排放得到了很多关注。
看那些关于环境保护的海报。
4.You can't use the machine today because some parts are_being_replaced.(replace)你今天不能使用这台机器，因为一些零件正在被更换。
高一英语必修一Unit4Earthquakes知识点讲解和练习
1、关系代词which用来指物，在从句中可作主语或宾语。
This is a book which tells about space rocket technology.（作主语）
The letter which I received yesterday was from my brother.（作宾语）
【归纳总结】
give out分发；发出；用完give sth.away赠送；颁发；泄露
give back归还；复原givein呈上；倒戈，屈服，认输
give off发出，放出give over停止，中止
give up放弃give on to/onto sth.朝向，面对；通向
8、Your speech was heard by a group of fivejueges,all of whom agreed that it was thebest one this year.
易混词
辨析
例句
injury
多指意外事故受伤。比hurt正式，hurt多指伤痛，而injure则指损害健康、成就、容貌等，强调功能的损失。
A bullet injured his lefgt eye.
hurt
既可指肉体上的损害，也可指精神上、感情上的损害；作不及物动词，意为“（身体某部位）难受”。指肉体上的损害时，hurt可与badly,slightly,seriously等连用，但若指精神上的创伤，只能说very much/rather/deeply hurt。
(1)n.裁判员；法官；审判员
His father used to be a judge.他的父亲过去是一名法官。
(2)v.推断；断定
高中英语人教版必修一Unit4知识点汇总及强化练习
Unit 4 Earthquakes 单元要点预览I词语辨析II词性改变Ⅲ重点词汇1. burst v.&n. 爆裂, 爆发, 突然裂开[典例]1).The red balloon suddenly burst. 那个红色的气球突然爆了。
2). The police burst through the door.警察破门而入。
3). On hearing the news, Leslie burst into laughter while Tracy burst out crying.一听到这则消息，Leslie突然大笑，而Tracy则突然大哭起来。
4). A burst of hand-clapping followed the ending of the song.歌声结束后响起了一阵掌声。
[重点用法]burst into laughter = burst out laughing 突然大笑burst into tears = burst out crying 突然大哭[练习] 中译英1). 水管在寒冷的天气里常常冻裂。
______________________________________________________________________2). 太阳突然从云端里露出来。
______________________________________________________________________2. rescue n.&vt. 援救，营救[典例]1). The police came to his rescue and pulled him out of the river.警察来救他，把他从河里拉了出来。
2). The rescue team made countless rescues during the earthquake.营救队在这次地震期间进行了多数次救援。
人教版2019 必修第一册---unit 4 Natural Disasters 知识点+练习
Unit 4 Natural DisastersPeriod I Listening and Speaking & Reading and Thinking1.rescue n. 营救；救援名词短语：__________ the/one’s rescue 搭救某人；救助某人动词短语：rescue..._________... 从......中拯救......答案：come to; from练习：1）Finally they __________(rescue) by helicopter.2）It took the firefighters 5 hours to rescue the boy ________ the well.3）A wealthy businessman came to _________(they) rescue with a generous donation. 答案：were rescued; from; their2.damage n. 损坏；损失；损害赔偿金v. 损害；破坏______/________ damage to... 对......造成伤害答案：do; cause练习：1）The accident caused some damage ________ my car, but it’s nothing serious.2）Smoking seriously _________ (damage) your health.3）Several cars _________(damage) in crash which happened last night.4）His doctor told me that his nerves ___________(damage) and he was unconscious（昏迷的）. 5）Actually, severe damage ___________(do) to our land is fairly recent in the history of our evolution（进化）.答案：to; damages; were damaged; were damaged/had been damaged; done3.vt. 摧毁；毁灭；消灭；破灭____________ n.[U] 摧毁；毁灭；破坏____________ adj. 造成破坏的；毁灭性的destroy one’s ____________/____________/___________ 摧毁某人的信心/希望/信仰答案：destruction; destructive; confidence; hope; faith易混词：destroy, damage与ruindestroy v. 指以具有某种摧毁或杀伤性的力量把某物彻底毁坏，以至于不能或难以修复。
人教版(2019)必修 第一册Unit 4 重点单词扩展运用检测(含答案)
※rescue＝rescue sb. 援救某人e to an end 结束；终结the end of在……末端the end of到……末为止（用于完成时）the end最后；终于3.damage n. & vt. 损失；损害damage . . . 对……造成损害damage one’s 损害某人的健康4.in ruins严重受损；破败不堪ruins成为废墟；毁灭ruin成为废墟；毁灭※ruin one’s / 毁掉某人的希望/健康自我毁灭5.injure vt. 损害；伤害伤员do an sb. 伤害某人6.in shock震惊；吃惊be a shock ... 使……震惊be shocked / ... 对……感到震惊be shocked sth. 因做某事而感到震惊be shocked ... 对……感到震惊7.trap vt. 使陷入困境n. 陷阱；困境※被困在……中，陷在……中trap sb. ( ) sth. 诱骗某人(做)某事※ a trap 给……设圈套a trap落入圈套8.bury vt. 埋葬；掩埋；隐藏bury one’s face/head one’s hands用手捂住脸/头= 埋头于/专心于……9.shelter n. 掩蔽；掩蔽处；避身处(常与介词搭配) v. 保护；掩蔽；躲避；遮蔽※shelter 躲避……the shelter 在……的庇护下※shelter... ... 保护……免受……effort共同努力effort尽力effort不遗余力effort毫不费力11.calm vt. & vi. (使)平静，(使)镇静adj. 平静的；镇静的；沉着的calm 平静下来；镇静下来calm sb. /sth. 使……平静；使……镇静/ / calm保持镇静12.strike vt. & vi. (struck，struck/stricken)打；撞击；罢工；(灾难、疾病等)袭击；打动；擦，划(火柴)；(钟)敲，鸣n. 罢工※strike... 使……刻骨铭心strike sb. ＋the＋身体部位敲打某人的身体部位It strikes/struck sb. that. . . 某人突然想起……be 被……所侵袭；被……打动※be strike在罢工strike举行罢工13.aid n. & vt. 帮助；援助；资助※aid急救aid 为了帮助with ＝with 在某人的帮助下one’s aid 来帮助某人※aid sb. ( ) sth. 在(做)某事上帮助某人aid sb. sth. 以某物帮助某人aid sb. sth. 帮助某人做某事14.deliver vt. 递送；生(小孩儿)；接生；发表(演说等)※deliver sth. sb. 把……递送给某人deliver a 发表演说15.effect n.影响；结果；效力※have effect / 对……有影响effect实际上；在实施中，有效effect生效；开始实施effect起作用※当说话人所陈述的是不真实的或极不可能发生或存在的情况时，从句要用语气。
人教版高一英语必修一unit4知识点、练习及答案
必修1 Unit 4EarthquakesⅠ.词义搭配1．burst A．save from danger or harm2．ruin B．destruction(破坏)；extreme(极大的)damage3．shelter C．to put something under the ground，often in order to hide it4．disaster D．breaks open or apart suddenly5．even E．being safe from bad weather，danger，etc.6．rescue F．plan to catch someone7．trap G．something very bad happening8．bury H．a thing that happens【答案】1－8DBEGHAFCⅡ.短语填空right away，at an end，dig out，as usual，as if，in ruins，a (great)number of1．He didn't know how to come back home because his money was________________.2．Many buildings are ________________because of the big flood.3．Hurry up！It looks ________________it is going to rain.4．________________people are fond of music.5．On hearing the good news，he shared it with his parents________________.6．He was buried by an avalanche(雪崩)and had to ________________.【答案】 1.at an end 2.in ruins 3.as if 4.A (great) number of 5.right away 6.be dug outⅢ.句型背诵1．In the farmyard，the chickens and even the pigs were too_nervous_to_eat.农家大院里的鸡，甚至猪都因过于惶恐而不想进食。
高一英语必修一 U4 知识点及习题(附答案)
必修一Unit 4 Earthquakes（知识点，语法点，强化练习）Key Words & Expressions一重点词汇1．burst vi. (burst, burst)爆裂；爆发n．突然破裂；爆发(1) burst in/into闯入；突然破门而入burst out 突然迸发；爆发burst out crying/laughing burst into tears/laughter突然哭起来/笑起来（2）}burst with anger/joy 勃然大怒/乐不可支(3) a burst of 一阵……①Some basketball fans burst into tears/burst out crying the instant they heard Iverson retired from NBA.一听到艾弗森从NBA退役的消息，许多球迷都哭了。
②He burst_into_the_room without knocking at the door, which made me very angry.他没敲门就闯进房间，这使我非常生气。
③There was a burst of laughter in the next room. 隔壁房间里突然爆发出一阵笑声。
2．ruin n．[U]毁灭；毁坏；崩溃；[常用复数]废墟；遗迹vt.(使)毁坏；毁灭；成为废墟；(1)lie/be in ruins 成为废墟come/go/fall to ruin 毁灭；灭亡；崩溃bring ...to ruin 使……毁灭；使……没落；使……破产(2)ruin oneself 毁掉自己；自取灭亡ruin one’s health/fame/future/pleasure 毁坏某人的健康/声誉/前途/好心情②The global economy downturn has brought many small companies to ruin.全球性的经济不景气已经使许多小公司纷纷破产。
高中英语必修一 unit4知识点笔记及练习
Unit 4 笔记第一部分词汇和短语一、词性转换：1.trust trap shock damage judge local v./n.2.electricity n. 电；电流；电学→electric adj. 用电的；带电的→electrical adj. 与电有关的；电学的3.destroy v t. 破坏；毁坏；消灭→destroyed (过去式)→destruction n. 破坏；摧毁4.bury v t. 埋葬；掩埋；隐藏→buried adj. 专心的5.express v t. 表示；表达→express n. 快车；速递→expressionn. 表情；表达6.judge n. 裁判员；法官→judge v t. 断定；判断；判决→judgement n. 判断7.injure v t. 损害；伤害→injury n. 伤害；损害→injured adj.受伤的recover vt. 恢复，痊愈__________adj.deliver vt. 快递，生小孩________adj.8.congratulate v t.→congratulation n. 祝贺；(复数)9.smell vt. 闻，嗅→smelly adj. 难闻的10.nation n. 民族；国家national adj. 国家的nationality n.国籍11.dirt n. 污垢，泥土dirty adj. 脏的12.suffer v 遭受，忍受suffering n.苦难；痛苦（多用复数）13.survive v . 幸存survivor n. 幸存者；残存物survivaln. 幸存，生存14.cycle vt. 骑cyclist n. 骑自行车的人15.think little/ nothing of sb 以为....没什么了不起；蔑视think much/ highly/well of sb对....高度赞扬；重视16.do damage / harm to sb/sth :对某人/某事有害17. 2 million ; millions of sth18.sth be worth doingsth need/require/ deserve/want doing= sth need/require/ deserve/ wan t to be done二、短语回顾1．right_away 立刻；马上2．think_little/nothing_of 以为……没什么了不起3．at_an_end 结束；终结4．in_ruins 严重受损；破败不堪5．dig_out 掘出；发现6．a_(great)_number_of 许多；大量的7．be_proud_of 以……而自豪8．judging_from 从……判断9．be_trapped_in 陷入10．be_buried_in 埋头于11．cut_across 抄近路穿过；走近路12．in_the_open_air 在户外请练习：词性转换1.frighten v. __________过去式___________过去分词2.electricity n. ____________adj____________ adj.3.destroy v. _______________ n.4.express v._______________ n.5.judge v. _______________ n.6.injury v. _______________ n.7.smell v. _______________ adj.8.dirt n. _______________ adj.9.nation n. _______________ adj._______________ n. 10.survive v. _______________ n. _______________ n.e v. _______________ adj. _______________ adj.(反)12.mine n. _______________ n.短语：1.right _______________2.think _______________ of sb3.think_______________ of sb4.at _______________ end5.in _______________6.dig_______________7._______________ (great) number of8.be proud ____9._______(judge) from10.be trapped _____11.cut _______________12.in the ______ air13.do damage/harm ___ sth14.2 _______(million)______(million) of15.congratulate sb ___ sthcongratulations16.judging from第二部分：词汇知识点1.burst vi. (burst, burst) 爆发；爆裂n. 破裂；爆发burst into 突然闯入burst into tears/ laughter 突然大哭/大笑burst out crying/ laughing2.at an end 结束，终结at the end of 在.....的尽头by the end of 到.....时为止（多与完成进连用）in the end 最后，终于3.bury vt. 埋葬；隐藏某人忙于做某事①②某人担忧某事某人决心做某事miss seat facelose sit comparebase4.as if= as though 好像1)You look as if you didn’t care.2)He talks as if he had been there before.⑴as if /though 引导的虚拟状语从句，规则：Wish 从句规则相同Would rather 从句，规则相同从句谓语动词用过去时态/ were对将来情况进行虚拟从句，谓语动词用would/could/might + 动原形对过去情况进行虚拟，从句谓语动词用过去完成时态had done⑵扩展：if （如果.....），主句（那么.......）If 引导的虚拟状语从句，规则：If only(要是....就好了)从句，规则与if从句相同If 引导的从句谓语动词，主句谓语动词现在过/were w/c/m/s + 动原将来过/s+动原/were to do w/c/m/s + 动原过去had done w/c/m/s +have donePS:(3)句型It be desired/ suggested/ proposed /necessary /important/strange /natural /essential/ a pity + that 从句中，谓语动词用（should) +动词原形。
高中英语必修一UNIT4知识点归纳及练习(附答案
6.But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that
night.
可是， 个城市的一百万居民都没有把 些状况当一回事，当日夜晚照旧睡着了。
9.__________ have known the results of the exam.
A. It seemed to B. It seemed to him to C. He seemed that he D. He seemed to
人 地球表面是一些板 。
27.hold up起；托住；支撑；使阻滞;耽 ；提出；阻 ；列 ，推 ；(理 等)得住
Women can hold up half of the sky.女能 半 天。
28.make up弥,虚假,制,整理,包装,和解,,化,足,拼集
Farm workers make up only a small section of the population.
民只占人口的一小部分.
The boy made up a story; it was not true男.孩 了个故事， 故事不是真的。
29.The judge gave a prize and his congratulations to the cyclist who won the competition裁.判把 金 得比 的自行 手，并向他祝 。
二、
(一）
1. The rich_____ not always happy.
A. isB. areC. hasD. have
Unit4 单词、短语及句式-高一英语人教版(2019)必修第一册
Unit 4课文重点单词、短语及重点句式Part I 课文重点单词1. rescue n. & vt. 营救；救援【教材原句】What are the rescue workers and soldiers doing in the flood-hit area? 在受灾地区，救援人员和士兵在做什么？【高考例句】①（2016北京）Now, electric shock training and medical treatment are helping to rescue these big birds.现在，电击训练和医疗正在帮助营救这些大鸟。
①（2017全国1卷）I work with volunteers for wildlife, a rescue and education organization at Bailey Arboretum in Locust Valley. 我和野生动物志愿者一起工作，这是一个位于蝗虫谷贝利植物园的救援和教育组织。
【常用搭配】rescue sb./ sth. from…从……中营救某人/某物come to sb’s rescue 营救某人【练一练】1.Firefighters _______________ from a burning building.消防队员从着火的大楼里救出了一个孩子。
2. damage vt. 损害；破坏n. 损坏；损失【教材原句】Which buildings were damaged in Seoul？首尔哪些建筑物受损？【高考例句】（2015北京）But if the damage is caused by the user, you will have to pay for the repair. 但是，如果损坏是由用户造成的，那您必修支付维修费用。
【常用搭配】do damage to sb/sth对……造成损害【练一练】1._____________________________________________________. 吸烟严重损害健康。
必修一Unit4 重点单词和短语
Unit4 重点单词和短语（附习题和答案）(一) 词汇1. burstvt. & vi. (burst, bursting)爆炸；胀裂；突然而起；闯入；充满；满盈；n. 突然破裂；爆发联想拓展burst out 迸发；突然发作；突然……起来burst open推开；忽然打开；裂开burst through冲开；冲破；拨开burst in upon打断(谈话等)；突然出现；突然到达burst in/ into闯入；突然出现；突然……起来；突然发作另外，burst into后接名词时可表示不同的意义：burst into laughter突然大笑起来burst into tears突然大哭起来burst into cheers突然欢呼起来burst out后接动名词也表示同样的意思burst out laughing/crying 突然大笑/哭起来2. eventn. 事件；大事；比赛项目The new book was the cultural event of the year.这本新书的出版是今年文化界的大事。
Coming events cast their shadows before.未来之事先有征兆。
The next event will be the 100-metre race.下一个比赛项目是100米赛跑。
常用结构：at all events 无论怎样in any event 无论如何in the event of 万一；倘若In the event of rain, the game will be postponed.要是下雨，球赛就延期。
易混辨析occurrence/event/incident/accidentoccurrence系常用词, 指“任何发生的事件”。
event 指“有重要意义的历史事件、重大事件”。
incident指“事件”, 尤指“比较不重要的小事件”。
(精选试题附答案)高中英语必修一Unit4NaturalDisasters重点易错题
(每日一练)（精选试题附答案）高中英语必修一Unit4NaturalDisasters重点易错题单选题1、Let’s take steps to stop ________ natural resources at such an alarming speed. A．depletingB．enrichingC．conservingD．supplying答案：A考查动词词义辨析。
句意：让我们采取措施，停止以如此惊人的速度消耗自然资源。
A. depleting消耗； B. enriching丰富； C. conserving保存； D. supplying提供。
根据句意可知，应是停止“消耗”自然资源，故选A。
2、People ________ interest is exploring the relationship between art and science will enjoy Singapore’s ArtScience Museu m.A．WhoB．whichC．whomD．whose答案：D考查定语从句。
句意：有兴趣探索艺术与科学之间关系的人将参观新加坡艺术科学博物馆。
分析句子可知，people为先行词，作定语从句interest的定语，关系代词为whose。
故选D项。
3、Some regional and international passenger flights remain ________ until further notice due to the rising concerns over t he virus.A．crashedB．conductedC．suspendedD．sustained答案：C考查动词词义辨析。
句意：由于对病毒的担忧日益加剧，一些区域和国际客运航班继续暂停，直到另行通知。
A. crashed撞车；B. conducted实施；C. suspended暂停；D. sustained维持。
Unit 4 Natural Disasters学年高一英语必修第一册单元(人教版2019)
必修一Unit 4重点单词变形，词组，短语，句型练习(知识点全覆盖)重点单词变形1．death n．死；死亡→adj.死的→adj.致命的→v．死亡2．affect vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动→n．效果；影响→adj.有效的→n．喜欢；喜爱；感情3．shock n．震惊；令人震惊的事；休克vt.(使)震惊→adj.令人震惊的→adj.感到震惊的4．electricity n．电；电能→adj.电的；用电的→adj.电子的5．breathe vi.& vt.呼吸→n．呼吸→adj.气喘吁吁的6．wisdom n．智慧；才智→adj.明智的→adj.不明智的7．suffer vt.遭受；蒙受vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→n．受难；苦楚8．erupt vi.& vt.(火山)爆发；(岩浆、烟等)喷出→n．喷发9．survive vi.生存；存活vt.幸存；艰难度过→n．幸存；生还→n．幸存者；生还者10．emergency n．突发事件；紧急情况→adj.紧急的→vi.浮现；出现11．deliver vt.& vi.递送；传达vt.发表→n．投递；送交12．length n．长；长度→ adj.长的→ v．(使)变长重点词组1．volcanic eruption2．as if3．in ruins4．in shock5．in the open air6．first aid kit7．on hand8．sweep away一、用单词的适当形式完成句子1．________ (suffer) defeat after defeat, he began to lose confidence in himself.2．Baptiste Dubanchet is biking across Europe, _______(survive) entirely on discarded (丢弃) food.3．I like getting up early in the morning. You know the morning air is so good to__________(breath). 4．These old people have experienced all kinds of__________(suffer) in their difficult times．.5．It rained for two weeks on end, completely__________(ruin) our holiday．6．The ___________ (injure) were sent to the nearest hospital right away after the accident.7．The big fire caused great damage ___________ the building built last year.8．__________(trap) in the ruins, the girl still held a positive attitude．9．The children had great fun _____(slide) down the grassy slope last Sunday.10．The dustman _____(sweep) up all the fallen leaves on this street yesterday.11．Thousands of soldiers and rescue workers were sent there to search for the _____(survive). 12．Michael’s new house is like a huge palace，__________ (compare) with his old one.13．To avoid(避免) knee pain，you can run on soft surfaces，do exercise to __________ (strengthen) your leg muscles.14．China's development creates opportunities rather __________ challenges.15．If he couldn't find his way out of the forest, there would be little chance of ________ (survive).16．Do you want to get this book ________ (deliver) to your house or would you prefer to come to the shop for it yourself?17．Death finally brought an end to his _________ (suffer)．18．The_____ (long) of the article should be about 800 words.19．The ________ team made countless (无数的) ________ during the earthquake.(rescue)20．It was with the help of the local guide that the mountain climber ________ (rescue).21．The air was so cold that we could hardly________ (breath).22．One-third of the country ________ (be) covered by trees.23．The most important thing is to keep ________ (calm) whatever happens.24．Do you still suffer________ a headache?25．People were ________to know that the little girl was killed in an accident. The ________ news ________ all the people around, which was also a ________to her father who was working abroad.(shock)26．Jazz is enjoying a ________ (revive).27．Our government has taken ________ (effect) measures to ban drunken driving.28．A wonderful idea ________ (strike) me suddenly when I was walking on the street.29．The cleaner was sweeping ________ fallen leaves on the ground when suddenly a car was driven towards him.30．We moved into a cabin with________ (electric) but no running water.31．I gave up ______ (go) to the theatre when I moved out of London.32．Have you read the book ______ was written by Anne Frank?33．What left the town in ______（ruin）?34．In the past three weeks, we have been burying ______(we) in study because the exam is drawing near. 35．The school________we visited yesterday is newly built.二、根据汉语意思填写单词36．He became the manager of the farm after his father’s ________ (死亡).37．More than seven million people have been ________（影响）by the earthquake.38．The strike had already led to cuts in ________（电力）and water supplies in many areas.39．Nearpod is a software program that creates a rich_________ (情境) for students to learn vocabulary. 40．This is one of the worst natural ____________(灾难) in the area.41．With the help of her teacher and through her own ____________(努力), Helen graduated from university. 42．Firemen were called out to ____________(营救) a man trapped in the building.43．The people in the earthquake area are in need of food, medicine and ____________ (避难处).44．Her beauty ____________ (打动) him deeply and he decided to date her.45．With the government’s aid, those people ______ (影响) by the earthquake have moved to the new houses. 46．If you decide to ________(发表) a speech, please make it brief.47．If people keep polluting the ocean, no creature will________(存活) in the long run.48．Although it is impossible to predict that a volcano will __________ (爆发) at some minute, it is possible in some period.49．It is possible to see the path of a(n) __________ (飓风) in the satellite pictures.50．You can adjust the _________ (长度) of time that the light remains on.三、完成句子51．我从来没有想到你能成功说服他改变主意。
人教版高二英语必修第一册 Unit 4 单元测试题(含答案)
人教版高二英语必修第一册 Unit 4 单元测试题（含答案）大单元思维知识整合一、重点单词1．gesture n.手势；姿势；姿态2．witness vt. 当场看到；目击；见证n.目击者；证人3．bow vi. 鞠躬；点头 vt. 低(头) n. 弓；蝴蝶结4．incident n. 发生的事情；严重事件；冲突5．pose n. 故作姿态；(为画像、拍照等摆的)姿势vi. 摆好姿势vt. 造成(威胁、问题等)6．bend vt. & vi. (使)弯曲；倾斜；偏向7．reveal vt. 揭示；显示；露出8．clarify vt. 使更清晰易懂；阐明；澄清9．lower vt. 把……放低；降低；减少 adj. 下面的；下方的；较小的10．stare vi. 盯着看；凝视 n. 凝视11．ashamed adj. 羞愧；惭愧12．merely adv. 只是；仅仅；只不过13．bother vi. & vt. 费心；麻烦；因……操心 n. 麻烦；不便14．weep vi. & vt.哭泣；流泪15．conflict n.矛盾；冲突vi. 冲突；抵触二、重点短语1．vary from ...to ...从……到……不等2．by contrast 相比之下3．look down 往下看；俯视4．by comparison (与……)相比较5．make inferences 推理；推断6．break down 消除；分解；打破7．call on 访问；要求；正式邀请8．get through 度过；熬过；完成；使理解；使明白9．make assessments 做出评估10．be compared to 把……比作11．in other words 换句话说；也就是说12．at the same time 同时13．at work 有某种影响；在工作14．be based on 以……为基础/根据15．come up with 提出三、重点句型1.when doing…当when，while，before，after，unless，as if, if等引导的状语从句中的主语与主句主语一致或从句主语是it，且从句谓语中含有be动词时，可以省略从句中的主语和be动词2.nothing better than比较级的否定学生表示最高级四、重点用法1.In countries like France and Russia, people may kiss their friends on the cheek when they meet.在法国和俄罗斯等国家，朋友见面时可能会亲吻脸颊。
高中英语上教版选择性必修第一册Unit4Thesenses单元复习与测试课后练习、课时练习
一、汉译英（整句）(翻译)1. 研究者们的实验旨在区分记忆的种类。
(intend) （汉译英）2. 雇主们深信, 员工有时跳槽是为了追求更高的薪酬、更多的弹性时间或职业发展机会。
(convince) （汉译英）3. 如果你将努力和决心理解为通往成功的里程碑，你将养成自律的好习惯。
(perceive) （汉译英）二、完形填空文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。
本文介绍了人脸识别的复杂性，以及人们可能面临的面孔失认症和超级识别者的情况。
文章还提到了一些人可能会面临的难题，以及一些应对这些难题的简单技巧。
4. Face BlindnessWhen encountering new people, the first thing we notice about is their faces. The next time we see these people, we remember them because we remember their faces. This seems like a simple _________ . It turns out, however, that when scientists investigated the brain, they found that face recognition is rather complicated. The _________ of the brain that is responsible for face recognition seems to work differently for different people. Some people have great difficulty remembering and recognizing faces, while others almost never forget a face.Normal babies are born with a _________ ability to recognize faces. In fact, their face recognition abilities are much better than their parents. For example, most adults can easily recognize faces that _________ their own. However, they cannot easily recognize faces of people of different races. At six months, babies are highly _________ at face recognition. But by nine months, their face-recognition skills are about the same as an adult’s._________ , some people are not born with this ability to recognize faces. The part of the brain that is responsible for face recognition doesn’t work for them. This_________ is called prosopagnosia, or “face blindness”. People with very serious face blindness cannot even recognize their own faces. In fact, people with this status can sometimes be frightened when they look in the mirror. They don’t recognize their own face, so for a second they are startled when they see this _________ face.Face blindness is not always _________ . Some people only have difficulty recognizing faces of people they don’t know very well. Scientists believe up to 10 percent of the population may be affected by face blindness to some degree, __________ many people with mild face blindness might not even know they have it. They have no reason to know that they are different from anyone else __________ someone points it out. Scientists became aware of another face-recognition case in the process of researching face blindness. They found that there are also “super recognizers” whoremember every face they have ever seen. For these people, it is not __________ to forget faces. Super recognizer Jennifer Jarrett says, “It’s as if their faces are __________ in my brain.” Many super recognizers don’t just recognize faces they have seen before. They know exactly where they last saw that person.Super recognizers don’t usually feel that they have a problem. Most people with__________ to serious face blindness, on the other hand, do. There is no cure for face blindness, therefore, for the time being, people with face blindness need to find simple techniques to __________ for their problem. They can try to recognize people by their hairstyle, their voice, or their glasses. Hopefully, in the future as scientists learn more about this situation, they will find a cure.1.A．solution B．process C．construction D．task2.A．development B．level C．section D．image3.A．natural B．average C．creative D．promising4.A．associate B．shape C．resemble D．inherit5.A．skilled B．pleased C．reasonable D．versatile6.A．Similarly B．Certainly C．Surprisingly D．Unfortunately7.A．transformation B．form C．condition D．adjust8.A．blank B．delighted C．unfamiliar D．puzzled9.A．severe B．common C．distinguished D．personal10.A．and otherwise B．in fact C．for example D．in turn11.A．while B．since C．once D．until12.A．difficult B．possible C．realistic D．necessary13.A．cemented B．restricted C．revised D．implemented14.A．balanced B．unstable C．moderate D．dramatic15.A．adapt B．seek C．account D．compensate三、阅读选择(阅读理解)文章大意：本文是一篇应用文。
高一必修一英语第四单元重点总结及练习(含答案)
Unit 4 Earthquakes重点辞汇及短语into +n =burst out doing 突然·····起来， burst into tears =burst out cryingis known to everybody总所周知injured 受伤 across穿过横穿 usual像往常一样out散发出筋疲力尽 of 代替 a speech演讲up shelters搭建避难 pleased to do sth.乐意做某事proud of 以·····而自豪 number of ·····的数量the open air 在户外 away立刻 ruins破败不堪成废墟 out掘出 an end 终结 number of 许多大量的·····to·····太·····而不能 of thousands of 成千上万的 trapped in =be caught in 被困在·····中·····not····· = not all·····并非所有·····都the north of =north of 在·····的北面 rescued from 被从·····解救出 buried 被埋葬被埋藏 oneself in =be buried in 专心于埋头于 little of 评价不高 think highly of 赞许给予较高评if 恍如 20. be/ get shocked 震惊 an end 终结1) right away 立刻，马上 (= immediately / at once / right now / in no time )你必需马上交作业。
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Unit 4 Earthquakes词汇过关1. n.地震9. vt.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏2. n.管；导管10. vi. (burst, burst)爆发3. ________ —n.事件；大事11. ________ _adj.极度的4. n.运河；水道12. adv.真诚地；真挚地5. n.砖；砖块13. n.废墟vt.毁灭6. n.掩蔽处；避身处14. vt.表示；表达n.快车7. n.要点；大纲；轮廓15. n.裁判员；法官vt.断定;8. ________ _n,灾难；灾祸判断；判决单词拓展1.V.骑自行车n.骑自行车的人2.n.污垢；泥土adj.肮脏的有些名词(尤其是表示天气的名词)加-y变为形容词，表示“有......性质的”。
如:noise 3 noisy； word 3 wordy；cloud -> cloudy； rain 今rainy hill 今hilly 等。
3.vt.损害；伤害n.损害；伤害4.v.祝贺；恭喜n.祝贺;(复数)贺词5.adj.电的；导电的n,电；电流；电学名词后缀-ity 表某种性质。
如：able ability； active -> activity； national nationality； possible 今possibility； real -> reality 等。
6.adj.受惊的；受恐吓的v.(使)惊吓adj.令人恐惧的7.vt.破坏；毁坏；消灭n.破坏;m毁坏；消灭8.n.矿；矿山；矿井n.矿工(B)灵活运用1.The truck nearly ran over a(cycle).2.(dirt) air is bad to plants and Animals, too.3.He had been a (mine) and a soldier.4.People don't think of money when they're(fright).5.There have been no reports of (injure) or serious damage so far.6.These machines are driven by(electric).三、短语翻译将下列短语译成英文。
1.立刻；马上 5.掘出；发现2.许多；大量的 6.仿佛；好像3.结刺终结7.代替4.严重受损；破败不堪短语运用1.战争立刻就要结束了。
l.The war would be at an end .2.许多城市已经沦为废墟。
2.A great number of cities had been.3.一位农民在一片废墟中挖掘出了一个完好的茶杯。
3.A farmer a cup in good condition in a ruin.4.看起来这个杯子好像没被埋多久。
4.It looked the cup had not been buried for long.5.他决定用这个杯子喝茶代替他现在的杯子。
5.He made up his mind to use this cup to drink his present one.五、词汇用法1.Imagine your home begins to shake and you must leave it right away.想象一下你的家开始震动，你必须离开。
(B1P25) 说明语气稍弱于at once,强调动作迅速。
运用根据中文提示完成句子。
他病了，你应该立即请大夫来。
He is ill; you should.2.In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.在可怕的十五秒钟内一座大城市沦为了废墟。
(B1P26)fall into ruin成为废墟bring ruin to oneself 自取灭亡be/lie in ruins 成一片废墟辨析ruin指长时间的侵蚀而毁坏；把某事弄糟。
damage指部分损坏，价值或用途降低。
destroy指彻底毁坏,摧毁,毁坏(名誉、计划、希望等)。
(1)People built shelters among the(ruin) of the city.⑵ After the war many buildings(成为废墟).⑶The temple(成为一片废墟).3.In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.城市里,一些大楼的水管破裂了。
(B1P26)burst in闯进来；突然插嘴burst into sth.突然burst out/forth doing sth.突然burst into laughter=burst out laughing 放声大笑burst into tears=burst out crying 放声大哭运用填入一个恰当的词。
(1)The audience burst cheers.(2)When we were chatting in the room, he burst.(3)As she was talking, the old man burst crying with excitement.(4)Don' t burst when I am speaking.4.Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.―些救援人员和医生被困在废墟底下。
(B1P26)rescue sb./sth. from 抢救；援救；营救go/come to one's rescue去/来援救或营救某人rescue team/workers 救援队/人员(1)He jumped into the icy water to rescue the child drowning.(2)The child who fell into the river would have died if the young man (没有来营救他).5.Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins. 一些救援人员和医生被困在废墟底下。
(B1P26) trap vt.使陷入困境;n,陷阱;困境运用根据提示完成句子或用所给词的正确形式填空。
(1) The workers(trap) in the coal mine.⑵我掉入了他的陷阱。
.6.The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.部队组队挖掘被困人员和埋葬死者。
(B1P26)bury oneself in=be buried in 埋头于；专心于(1)Our government is taking effective measures (rescue) those (trap) and (bury) underground.(2)Look! They(bury) in their work.7.It seemed as if the world was at an end!似乎世界末日到了。
(B1P26)at the end of...在.... 的尽头/末端(指时间，地点等)by the end of...在……末之前(指时间，常与完成时连用)in the end/finally/at last/eventually 最后;终于put an end to... 结束....come to an end ......... 结束运用用适当的介词填空。
(1)The First World War was an end in 1918.(2)My friend is waiting for me the end of the road.(3)the end of last month we had completed the work.⑷ the end, we got to the top of the mountain.8.Such a」ruct number of people died because the quake happened while they were sleeping,因为地震是在人们睡觉的时候发生的，所以造成了这么多的人死亡o (B1P27)a (great/large) number of (+复数名词)许多the number of (+复数名词)......的数目/z a number of +复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数;“the number of +复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
(1)The number of the people invited to the party(be)50 last night, but a number of them(be) absent for different reasons.(2)(许多人)lost their lives in the accident yesterday.句型积累1.It seemed as if the world was at an end!世界似乎到了末日!(B1P26)句型:It seems as if...似乎，好像说明：其中as if可用as though替代；也可说It seems that...⑴看上去好像除了我之外别人都知道。
except me.⑶好像这个问题没有解决的办法。
no solution to this problem.2.Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed.人们无论朝哪里看，那里的一切都儿乎被毁了。
(B1P26)句型：Everywhere...无论哪里....说明:everywhere意为“无论哪儿”，在句中引导一个状语从句，相当于wherever。
⑴无论他走到哪儿，他的狗就跟到哪儿。
, his dog follows him.⑵ 他们不论出现在哪儿，都会遇到强烈的抗议。
, they would meet with strong protests.3.All hope was not lost.不是所有的希望都破灭了。
(B1P26) 句型:all... not=not all...并非都......说明：all, both, each, always, every及every的合成词与not连用时表部分否定。