能源消耗与环境保护
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EGEE 102- Pisupati 20
Calculation of Money Made
Person Wage Rate (power) $7/h Hours Worked (time) 10 Total Amount (Energy) $70
A
B
C
$20/h
$50/h
10
20
$200
$
21
EGEE 102- Pisupati
World per capita annual energy consumption U.S. per capita annual energy consumption Energy in one gallon of gasoline Average daily human food intake Energy needed to raise the temperature 102- Pisupati ofEGEE one pound of water by one degree Farenheit
Calculation of Your Energy Consumption
• List the appliances that you use at home. Note down their power consumption and estimating the time of usage, calculate approximate energy consumption for a month.
Chemical Energy Chemical to Electricity
Oil
+
Sound and Light Chemical to Electrical Energy
Kinetic Energy Chemical energy EGEE 102- Pisupati to Work
13
Energy Conversion Devices
Energy Input
Hair Dryer
Energy Output
Lawn Mover
Trees Solar Automobile
EGEE 102- Pisupati 14
Power
Energy(or work ) Power Time
•Energy is the capacity to do work •Power is the rate at which work is done
EGEE 102- Pisupati 19
Energy Use = Power x Time of Power Use
100W 8h 800Wh
0.8kWh
Cost of the Energy = Energy Used x Cost of Unit of Energy
$0.10 0.8kWh $0.08 1kWh
EGEE 102- Pisupati
5
1022 1020 1018 1016 1014 1012 1010 10 8 10 6 10 4 10 2 10 0
Bt us
Energy Scale
Annual energy from sun reaching earth
World annual energy consumption U.S. annual energy consumption
Day-to-Day Energy Use
EGEE 102- Pisupati
3
What is Energy?
• “Energy is a property of matter that can be converted into work, heat or radiation.
EGEE 102- Pisupati
• • • • • Electric bulbs (number of bulbs) Refrigerator Washer Dryer Dishwasher etc.
EGEE 102- Pisupati
22
பைடு நூலகம்
Energy Power Time
EGEE 102- Pisupati 17
Recall that Watt=J/s and 1,055J=1 BTU
1 x 106 BT U 1055 J 1h 24 h 1 BT U 3600s
EGEE 102- Pisupati
16
Illustration-1
On a winter day a home needs 1 x 106 BTU of fuel energy every 24 hours to maintain th interior at 65ºF. At what rate is the energy being consumed in watts?
6
Energy Source-Fuels Classification
Non renewable (limited in quantity or depleting) Fossil Fuels Renewable (unlimited by rate of use or non-depleting)
EGEE 102- Pisupati 10
Energy Measurement
• Units
• • • • • BTUs Calories calories kWh Joules
• One can be converted to another if the conversion factor is known
EGEE 102- Pisupati
9
Fundamental Forms of Energy
• • • • • Mechanical Potential and kinetic Heat Radiant - Sun Light Electrical Chemical - Food we eat and a tank of gasoline • Nuclear - Nuclear Reactor, Bombs used in war
By obtaining necessary knowledge and information on the main operating principles of devices/appliances that are in common use and information on which to make the right decision in selecting the most energy efficient and economical choice EGEE 102- Pisupati 2
4
Energy Scale
• BTU-One BTU is the equivalent to the energy required to raise the temperature of one pound of water by one degree Fahrenheit. • ENERGY SCALE-
J 3 J 12, 200 12.2 x 10 12.2 kW S S
EGEE 102- Pisupati 18
Illustration
•A 100W light bulb is left accidentally on overnight (8 hours). How much energy does it consume ? •And how much money does this cost, if electricity cost 10 cents per Kilowatt hour?
EGEE 102- Pisupati 11
Conversion Factors
• 1055 Joules = 1 Btu • 1 Calorie = 1,000 calories • 1kWh = 3,412 Btus
EGEE 102- Pisupati
12
Energy Transformations
•Unit
1 watt= 1 J/s = 3.412 Btu/h
EGEE 102- Pisupati 15
Unit of Power is watt (W) defined as
1 Watt = 1 J s
ft lb 1 hp (horse power unit)= 550 S
I x I x R = I2 R
EGEE 102 – Energy Conservation And Environmental Protection
Introduction
Course Objectives
The objective of the course is to apply energy efficiency concept in day to day life in order to save Money and Energy and thereby protect the Environment.
Coal Natural Gas Petroleum Oil Shale Tar Sands Nuclear Fission
Solar Hydro Wind Tidal Biomass Nuclear Fusion
7
EGEE 102- Pisupati
World Fossil Fuel Distribution
EGEE 102- Pisupati
8
Environmental Issues
• Energy and Environment
• Greenhouse effect and global warming • Ozone Layer Destruction • Acid Rain Formation • Radiation and Health
Calculation of Money Made
Person Wage Rate (power) $7/h Hours Worked (time) 10 Total Amount (Energy) $70
A
B
C
$20/h
$50/h
10
20
$200
$
21
EGEE 102- Pisupati
World per capita annual energy consumption U.S. per capita annual energy consumption Energy in one gallon of gasoline Average daily human food intake Energy needed to raise the temperature 102- Pisupati ofEGEE one pound of water by one degree Farenheit
Calculation of Your Energy Consumption
• List the appliances that you use at home. Note down their power consumption and estimating the time of usage, calculate approximate energy consumption for a month.
Chemical Energy Chemical to Electricity
Oil
+
Sound and Light Chemical to Electrical Energy
Kinetic Energy Chemical energy EGEE 102- Pisupati to Work
13
Energy Conversion Devices
Energy Input
Hair Dryer
Energy Output
Lawn Mover
Trees Solar Automobile
EGEE 102- Pisupati 14
Power
Energy(or work ) Power Time
•Energy is the capacity to do work •Power is the rate at which work is done
EGEE 102- Pisupati 19
Energy Use = Power x Time of Power Use
100W 8h 800Wh
0.8kWh
Cost of the Energy = Energy Used x Cost of Unit of Energy
$0.10 0.8kWh $0.08 1kWh
EGEE 102- Pisupati
5
1022 1020 1018 1016 1014 1012 1010 10 8 10 6 10 4 10 2 10 0
Bt us
Energy Scale
Annual energy from sun reaching earth
World annual energy consumption U.S. annual energy consumption
Day-to-Day Energy Use
EGEE 102- Pisupati
3
What is Energy?
• “Energy is a property of matter that can be converted into work, heat or radiation.
EGEE 102- Pisupati
• • • • • Electric bulbs (number of bulbs) Refrigerator Washer Dryer Dishwasher etc.
EGEE 102- Pisupati
22
பைடு நூலகம்
Energy Power Time
EGEE 102- Pisupati 17
Recall that Watt=J/s and 1,055J=1 BTU
1 x 106 BT U 1055 J 1h 24 h 1 BT U 3600s
EGEE 102- Pisupati
16
Illustration-1
On a winter day a home needs 1 x 106 BTU of fuel energy every 24 hours to maintain th interior at 65ºF. At what rate is the energy being consumed in watts?
6
Energy Source-Fuels Classification
Non renewable (limited in quantity or depleting) Fossil Fuels Renewable (unlimited by rate of use or non-depleting)
EGEE 102- Pisupati 10
Energy Measurement
• Units
• • • • • BTUs Calories calories kWh Joules
• One can be converted to another if the conversion factor is known
EGEE 102- Pisupati
9
Fundamental Forms of Energy
• • • • • Mechanical Potential and kinetic Heat Radiant - Sun Light Electrical Chemical - Food we eat and a tank of gasoline • Nuclear - Nuclear Reactor, Bombs used in war
By obtaining necessary knowledge and information on the main operating principles of devices/appliances that are in common use and information on which to make the right decision in selecting the most energy efficient and economical choice EGEE 102- Pisupati 2
4
Energy Scale
• BTU-One BTU is the equivalent to the energy required to raise the temperature of one pound of water by one degree Fahrenheit. • ENERGY SCALE-
J 3 J 12, 200 12.2 x 10 12.2 kW S S
EGEE 102- Pisupati 18
Illustration
•A 100W light bulb is left accidentally on overnight (8 hours). How much energy does it consume ? •And how much money does this cost, if electricity cost 10 cents per Kilowatt hour?
EGEE 102- Pisupati 11
Conversion Factors
• 1055 Joules = 1 Btu • 1 Calorie = 1,000 calories • 1kWh = 3,412 Btus
EGEE 102- Pisupati
12
Energy Transformations
•Unit
1 watt= 1 J/s = 3.412 Btu/h
EGEE 102- Pisupati 15
Unit of Power is watt (W) defined as
1 Watt = 1 J s
ft lb 1 hp (horse power unit)= 550 S
I x I x R = I2 R
EGEE 102 – Energy Conservation And Environmental Protection
Introduction
Course Objectives
The objective of the course is to apply energy efficiency concept in day to day life in order to save Money and Energy and thereby protect the Environment.
Coal Natural Gas Petroleum Oil Shale Tar Sands Nuclear Fission
Solar Hydro Wind Tidal Biomass Nuclear Fusion
7
EGEE 102- Pisupati
World Fossil Fuel Distribution
EGEE 102- Pisupati
8
Environmental Issues
• Energy and Environment
• Greenhouse effect and global warming • Ozone Layer Destruction • Acid Rain Formation • Radiation and Health