4.2阅读理解阅读填空七选五说明文-2020年高考英语专题训练系列

【备注：因高考七选五体裁基本为说明文，因此本专题大部分体裁改为选取说明文】

4.2阅读理解阅读填空七选五说明文-2020年高考英语专题训练系列

(一)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

What Is Particulate Matter?

There are things floating around in the air. Most of them, you cannot even see. They are a kind of air pollution called particles or particulate matter. In fact, particulate matter may be the air pollutant that most commonly affects people’s health.

Have a Look.

Particles can come in almost any shape or size, and can be solid particles or liquid droplets. _____1_____ These groups differ in many ways. One of the differences is size, we call the bigger particles PM 10 and we call the smaller particles PM 2.5.

BIG.

The big particles are between 2.5 and 10 micrometers (from about 25 to 100 times thinner than a human hair). These particles are called PM 10 (we say “PM ten”, which stands for Particulate Matter up to 10 micrometers in size). _____2_____

SMALL.

The small particles are smaller than 2.5 micrometers (100 times thinner than a human hair). _____3_____ We say “PM two point five”, as in Particulate Matter up to 2.5 micrometers in size.

The smaller particles are lighter and they stay in the air longer and travel farther. PM 10 (big) particles can stay in the air for minutes or hours while PM 2.5 (small) particles can stay in the air for days or weeks. And travel? _____4_____ PM 2.5 particles go even farther; many hundreds of miles.

Particulate Matter and Your Health.

Both PM 10 (big) and PM 2.5 (small) particles can cause health problems, specifically respiratory (呼吸的) health. When you breathe, you take in the air along with any particles that are in the air, like heavy metals and cancer causing organic compounds. _____5_____ Exposure to particulate matter leads to increased use of medication and more visits to the doctor or emergency room.

A. Both visible and invisible air pollutants have great effects on our environment, our health, and the quality of our lives.

B. PM 10 particles can travel as little as a hundred yards or as much as 30 miles.

C. PM 2.5 can have worse health effects than the bigger PM 10.

D. Air pollution is a growing problem in the whole world.

E. These particles cause less severe health effects.

F. We divide particles into two major groups.

G. These particles are called PM 2.5.

助读词汇

particle n. 微粒

pollutant n. 污染物

droplet n. 小水珠；飞沫

micrometer n. 微米

exposure n. 暴露

meditation n.药物治疗

particulate matter 悬浮颗粒物

organic compound 有机化合物

emergency room 急诊室

heavy metal 重金属

(二)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Get Help When You Need It

Sometimes even though you are paying attention in class, studying for tests, and doing your homework, certain classes seem too hard.

What upsets many people is that they work harder and harder as they fall further and further behind. _____1_____ If you need extra help, the most important thing to know is that there’s nothing embarrassing about it. No one is expected to understand everything, and people have very different learning styles.

_____2_____ He or she may be able to work with you before or after school and explain things more clearly.

You might also be able to get some help from another student. If there’s someone you like who’s a good student, think about asking that person if you can study together. This might help. _____3_____ Lots of people understand something perfectly without being able to explain it.