外研版 初中英语语法之五大基本句型
初中英语语法大全:英语五个基本句型
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初中英语语法大全:英语五个基本句型1简单句、并列句、复合句根据语法形式,即句子的结构,英语的句子可分为简单句、并列句和复合句。
1简单句句型:主语+谓语只包含一个主谓结构,而句子的各个结构都只由单词或短语表示。
简单句有五种基本句型,详见第十七章。
They are playing baseball in the garden.他们正在公园里打棒球。
Her brother and sister both are teachers.她的哥哥和姐姐都是老师。
2并列句句型:简单句+并列连词+简单句(常见的并列连词有and,but,or)并列句是由两个或两个以上的简单句连接而成。
并列句中的各简单句意义同等重要,相互之间没有从属关系,是平行并列的关系。
它们之间用连词连结。
My friend was at home,and we talked for along time.我的朋友在家,我们谈了好长时间。
Her father is a doctor and her mother is a teacher.她父亲是个医生,她母亲是个老师。
I liked the story very much but Li Ming wasn't interested in it.我非常喜欢这个故事,可是李明却对它不感兴趣。
Hurry up,or you'll be late.快点,否则你就会迟到的。
3 复合句句型:主句+连词+从句;或连词+从句+主句(包含一个主句、一个或一个以上的从句,或只包含一个从句,但有两个或两个以上的主句的句子叫复合句。
)句子的成分组成句子的各个部分叫做句子的成分。
句子成分包括:主语、谓语、表语、宾语(直接宾语、间接宾语)、宾语补足语、定语和状语。
主语和谓语是句子主体部分(在英文中一般的句子必须有主语和谓语)。
表语、宾语和宾语补足语是谓语里的组成部分。
其他成分如定语和状语是句子的次要部分。
下面我们分别讲述一下句子的各个成分:1 主语主语是谓语讲述的对象,表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。
外研版八年级下册英语知识语法汇总
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Module 1 Hobbies语法 ·分析 ·活用简单句的五种句子构造Ⅰ .句子的种类按社交功能可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和痛惜句。
按构造可分为简单句、并列句与复合句。
Ⅱ .简单句简单句是由一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)组成,其陈述句的必定式有以下五种基本句型:【主语 (S)、谓语 (V) 、表语 (P) 、宾语 (O) 、宾语补足语 (OC )】 序号构造S 1VS2V P S3VO S V4Oi Od S5V O C解说该句型中的谓语为不及物动词。
谓语动词的前面可加神情动词或助动词。
若是多个谓语动词并列,可用and ,but 等并列连词将它们连结起 来。
谓语动词在人称和数上须与主语保持一致。
此句中的动词为连系动词,连系动词常用的有be ,become 等,部分 行为动词在某些时候也能够用作连系动词,如 :get , keep , turn ,grow 等。
有些感官动词也能够作连系动词,如 :look , sound ,taste , smell ,feel 等。
此句中的动词为及物动词。
动词后接宾语时应该用及物动词,若为不 及物动词则须在动词后加上合适的介词。
此句型中的谓语动词是及物动词,后边接两个宾语,间接宾语一般指 人,直接宾语一般指物。
一般是 “主谓+间宾+直宾 ”,也能够是 “主谓+直宾+介词+间宾 ”。
可接双宾语的常有动词有: ask , give ,send , buy,sell,bring ,pass , tell , show , teach , promiser 等。
该句型中的 “宾语 +宾语补足语 ”又叫做 “复合宾语 ”,其特点是宾语与其补语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系。
可接复合宾语的常有动词有: ask , tell , find ,help ,like , take , make ,let ,call ,watch ,see , have 等。
初中英语语法五种基本句型
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五种基本句型句子是由主语、谓语动词、表语、宾语、宾语补足语等组成的,依其组合方式可分为五种基本句型,如下表所示:注意句子成分的表示法S:Subject(主语)V:Verb(动词)O:Object(宾语)P:Predicative(表语)OC:ObjectComplement(宾语补足语)五种基本句型见下表:第1种S+V主+谓第2种S+V+O主+谓+宾第3种S+V+P主+谓+表第4种S+V+o(间接宾语)+O(直接宾语)第5种S+V+O+OC主+谓+宾+宾补第1种句型:主语+不及物动词:S+VBirdsfly.鸟飞.-------主语谓语(不及物动词)Herunsinthepark.他在公园里跑 .------------------- 主语谓语地点状语(不及物动词)此句型是主语+不及物动词构成句子的主体部分。
不及物动词,后面当然不能直接带宾语了,要补上相应的介词,但是可以有状语来修饰。
上例中的inthepark,是地点状语。
Classbegins.(begin在句中是不及物动词)开始上课。
比较webeginOurclassateight. 我们八点钟开始上课。
该句属于第2种句型,begin在句中是及物动词,由此可见有些动词既可作及物动词也可以作不及物动词。
第2种句型:主语+及物动词+宾语:S+V+OMyfatherreadthebook.我父亲读过那本书 .(及物动词)注意有些不及物动词后面加上介词就可把它看成一个及物动词,后面就可以加宾语了。
Youmustlistentome. 你必须听我的。
(Listen是不及物动词。
但加上to之后,Listento可以看成一个及物动词)后面直接带宾语的动词是及物动词,名词和名词的相当语等都可充当宾语。
ShelikesEnglish.(名词作宾语)Iknowhimverywell.(代词作宾语)(同第一种句型一样,(如代词、不定式、动名词⋯⋯)本句型可以有状语、定语修饰)Theywanttogo.(不定式作宾语)Hestoppedwriting.(动名词作宾语)第3种句型:主语+系动词+表语:S+V+PHebecameascientist.他成为一个科学家了谓语 (系动词)be动词和become是英语中常见的系动词,后面必须接表语,才能用来说明主语,表示“⋯⋯是⋯⋯”,“⋯⋯变成⋯⋯”等意思。
外研版九年级上册英语语法总结
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外研版九年级上册英语语法总结外研版九年级上册英语语法总结一、动词时态1、现在完成时:表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
基本结构为“have/has + 过去分词”,例如:I have just finished my homework.2、现在完成进行时:表示过去开始的动作到现在仍在继续。
基本结构为“have/has been + 过去分词”,例如:We have been waiting for you for a long time.二、被动语态1、基本结构:be + 过去分词,例如:The book is written by Charles Dickens.2、常用时态:一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、现在完成时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时。
三、情态动词1、基本用法:情态动词后接动词原形,表示推测、可能、必要等意义。
常见的情态动词有can、may、must、should等。
2、特殊用法:情态动词后接“have + 过去分词”,表示推测、可能、必要等意义。
例如:You must have misunderstood me.四、定语从句1、基本用法:在句子中,定语从句用来修饰主语、宾语或表语。
引导定语从句的有that、which、who等。
2、难点解析:如何判断定语从句的引导词,根据定语从句与先行词的关系以及定语从句在句子中的作用来决定。
五、状语从句1、时间状语从句:用来表达动作发生的时间,例如:When the sun sets,we will go home.2、条件状语从句:用来表达某个条件下的结果,例如:If it rains tomorrow,we will stay at home.3、原因状语从句:用来表达原因或理由,例如:Because he was late,he missed the train.六、名词性从句1、主语从句:在句子中作主语,例如:What they need is more time.2、宾语从句:在句子中作宾语,例如:He told me that he would comeback soon.3、表语从句:在句子中作表语,例如:The reason why he left is unclear.以上是外研版九年级上册英语语法的主要内容,同学们在学习过程中要注意理解语法规则的基本含义和用法,多加练习,提高自己的英语语言能力。
(完整word版)(外研版)初中英语语法总结,推荐文档
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外研版)初中英语语法总结1 agree with sb 赞成某人2 visit to …参观某个地方3 a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟(容易)4 (see 、hear、notice 、find 、feel 、listen to 、look at (感官动词)+do eg:l like watching monkeys jump5 all kinds of 各种各样a kind of 一样6 all over the world = the whole world 整个世界7 along with 同.... 一道,伴随... eg : I will go along with you 我将和你一起去the students planted trees along with their teachers 学生同老师们一起种树8 As soon as 一怎么样就怎么样9 as you can see 你是知道的10 ask for ........ 求助向…要…(直接接想要的东西)eg : ask you for my book11 ask sb for sth 向某人什么12 ask sb to do sth 询问某人某事ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事13 at the age of 在……岁时eg :I am sixteen I am at the age of sixteen14 at the beginning of ..................... 的起初;... 的开始15 at the end of + 地点/+时间最后;尽头;末尾eg : At the end of the day16 at this time of year 在每年的这个时候17 be /feel confident of sth /that clause + 从句感觉/对什么有信心,自信eg : I am / feel confident of my spoken English I feel that I can pass the test18 be + doing 表:1 现在进行时2 将来时19 be able to (+ v 原)=can (+ v 原)能够...... eg : She is able to sing She can sing20 be able to do sth 能够干什么eg :she is able to sing21 be afraid to do (of sth 恐惧,害怕 .. eg : I'm afraed to go out at night I'm afraid of dog22 be allowed to do 被允许做什么eg: I'm allowed to watch TV 我被允许看电视I should be allowed to watch TV 我应该被允许看电视23 be angry with sb 生某人的气eg : Don't be angry with me24 be angry with(at) sb for doing sth 为什么而生某人的气25 be as…原级…as和什么一样eg : She is as tall as me 她和我一样高26(比较级and 比较级)表示越来越怎么样27 be away from 远离28 be away from 从……离开29 be bad for 对什么有害eg : Reading books in the sun is bad for your eyes 在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好30 be born 出生于31 be busy doing sth 忙于做什么事be busy with sth 忙于.......32 be careful 当心;小心33 be different from …… 和什么不一样34 be famous for 以……著名35 be friendly to sb 对某人友好36 be from = come from 来自eg :He is from Bejing He comes from Bejing Is he from Bejing ? Does he come from Bejing37 be full of 装满……的be filled with 充满eg: the glass is full of water the glass is filled with water38 be glad+to+do/ 从句39 be going to + v(原)将来时40 be good at(+doing) = do well in 在某方面善长, 善于……41 be good for 对什么有好处eg : Reading aloud is good for your English42 be happy to do 很高兴做某事43 be helpful to sb 对某人有好处eg : Reading aloud is helpful to you 大声朗读对你有好处Exercising is helpful to your bady 锻炼对你的身体有好处44 be in good health 身体健康45 be in trouble 处于困难中eg : She is in trouble They are in tronble46 be interested in对某方面感兴趣47 be late for = come late to 迟到 eg: Be late for class 上课迟到 48 be like 像 ..... eg : I'm like my mother 49 be mad at 生某人的气 50 be made from 由……制成 (制成以后看不见原材料 )51 be made of 由……制成( 制成以后还看得见原材料) 52 be not sure 表不确定 53 be on a visit to参观 54 be popular with sb受某人欢迎55 be quiet 安静 56 be short for 表** 的缩写 eg: 陶 is short for 陶俊杰57 be sick in bed 生病在床 58 be sorry to do sth be sorry for sb eg : I am sorry for you59 be sorry to hear that 60 be sorry to trouble sb eg : I am sorry to trouble you 61 be strict in doing sth 严于做某事 eg : He's strict in obeying noles我们一定能学好英语76 because+ 句子 because of + 短语eg : He was late because he had a headache He was late because of his headache 77 begin to do = start to do开始做某事 start …with =begin …with … 以什么开始什么eg : Let's begin the game with the song I begin to go home 78 between …and … 两者之间79 borrow sth from sb 向……借…… lend sth to sb ( lend sb sth 借给……什么东西eg : I borrowed a pen from him he lent a pen to me ( he lent me a pen 80 both = the same(as) = not different(from)表相同81 bother 打扰 bother sb to do sth eg : I'm sorry to bother you ,but can you tell me to way to the station 我十分道歉打扰你,但是你能告诉我怎么去车站the problem has been bothering me for weeks 这个问题困扰了我几个周了 He's bothering me to lend him money82 by the end of 到……为止 83 call sb sth eg : We call him old wang 84 care 关心 eg : Don't you care about this country's future ?你为什么不关心国家的未来85 catch up with sb 赶上某人 86 chat with sb 和某人闲谈 take sb to + 地点带某人去某地 87 come in 进 88 come over to 过来89 come up with 提出 eg: Can you come up with a good idea 你能想出一个好办法吗? 90 communicate with sb 和某人交流91 consider + doing 考虑做什么 eg : Why not consider going to lu zhou 为什么不考虑去泸州?92 dance to 随着……跳舞 eg : She likes dancing to the music她喜欢随着音乐跳舞93 decide to do sth 决定做某事 94 do a survey of 做某方面的调查 95 do better in 在……方面做得更好 96 do wrong 做错 97 Don't forget to do sth 不要忘了做某事 98 Don't mind +doing / 从句 / 名词不要介意…… 99 each + 名(单)每一个…eg : Each student has many books每一个学生都有一些书 100 end up +doing 101 enjoy +doing 喜欢 10262 be strict with sb 对某人要求严格 eg: Some students are not strict with them selves这些学生对自己不严格63 be strict with sb in sth 65 be sure 表确定 66 be sure of doing sth某方面对某人严格 64 be supposed to do 被要求干什么对做某事有信心 eg: He is sure of winning I am sure of learning English well67 be sure of sth 对做某事有信心 eg: I'm sure of my head (my teacher 我相信我的大脑(老师)68 be sure that sth对做某事有信心 eg: I'm suer that he can pass the test我相信他能通过考试69 be sure to do sth一定会做某事 eg: We are sure to pass the test 我们一定会通过这次考试 We are sure to learn English well70 be terrified of +名/动 doing 害怕…… 71 be terrified to do sth害怕做某事72 be t he same as … 和什么一样 73 be used to doing sth 习惯做某事eg: My father is used to getting up early我爸爸习惯早 He is used to sleeping in class他习惯上课睡觉74 be worth doing 值得做什么 75 be(feel) afraid to do sth 害怕做某事 be afraid of sth害怕某物 be afraid that 丛句escape from 从 ... 逃跑eg: The prisoners have escaped from the prison 犯人从监狱里逃跑出来103 expect to do sth 期待做某事104 fall down 摔下来fall off 从哪摔下来105 fall in love with sb /sth 爱上什么106 far from 离某地远eg : The school is far from my home 107 find +it +adj +to do 发现做某事怎么样108 find sb/sth +adj 发现什么怎么样eg : I find the book interesting 109 finish 完成+doing (名词)110 fit to sb = be fit for sb 适合某人111 forget to do 没有做而忘了forget doing 做了而又忘了eg: Don't forget to go homeI forget closing door 112 from …to … 从某某到某某eg: From me for her113 get /have sth down 做完,被(别人)做…eg: I have my hair cut 我理了发(头发被剪了)Tom got his bad tooth pulled out 汤母把他的坏牙拔掉了(被牙医拔掉了)114 get a part-time job= find a part-time job 115 get along well with sb = get on well with sb 与某人相处得好116 get along with sb = get on with sb 与某人相处117 get ready for = be ready for 为什么而准备eg : I get ready for math Iam ready for math 118 get sb in to trouble 给某人麻119 get sb to do sth120 get …from … 从某处得到某物121 give a talk 做报告eg: He is give a tall122 give sth to sb give sb sth 给某人某物123 go fish 钓鱼go swimming 游泳124 go on to do 去做下一件事go on doing 继续做这件事125 go out away from go out of126 go to school 上学(用于专业的)go to the school 去学校(不一定是上学)127 good way to 好方法128 hate to do 讨厌没做过的事hate doing 讨厌做过的事129 have a party for sb 举办谁的晚会130 have a talk 听报告谈一谈131 have been doing 现在完成进行时eg : You have been talking You have been sleeping since132 have been to -■(地方).. 去过某过地方have gone to -■(地方)去了某地还没回来133 have fun +doing 玩得高兴134 have sth to do 有什么事要做eg: I have a lot of homework to do 我有很多家庭作业要做I have nothing to do 我没什么事情做135 have to do sth 必须做某事136 have trouble (problem)(in) doing sth 做什么事情有麻烦137 have …t ime +doing138 have•••(时间)…off 放..假eg: I have month off 我请一个月得假139 hear sb +do/doing 听见某人做某事/ 正在做某事140 help a lot 很大用处141 help sb with sth \one's sth 帮助某人某事(某方面)help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事142 hope to do sth 希望做某事143 How about(+doing) = What about(+doing)144 how do you like = what do you think of 你对什么的看法145 if : 是否=wethereg: I don't know if (wether) I should go to the party 我不知道我是否应该去参加晚会He don't know if (wether) we will arrive on time tomorrow morning 他不知道我们明天早上是否能准时到达146 if : 如果,假如(全部接一般时态)+条件语态从句eg: I'll go to LuZhou if it does't rain 假如明天不下雨,我就去泸州If they change the plan they will let me know 假如他们要改变计划,他们会让我知道的I'll go to England ,if I have enough money next year 如果我明年由足够的钱,我就要去英国147 in one's opinion = sb think 某人认为148 in some ways 在某些方面149 in the end = finally(adv)最后150 in the north of … 什么在什么的北方(north 北sowth 南west 西east 东)151 in the sun 在太阳下152 increase 增加eg : They've increased the prece of petrol by 3% 他们把石油价增加了3%the population has increased from 12 million ten years ago to 18 million noweg: I'd like an apple instead of a pear 我想要苹果,而不要梨子I like English instead of math 我喜欢英语而不喜欢数学154 introduce sb to sb 介绍某人给某人introduce oneself 自我介绍155 invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事156 It takes sb sometime to do sth 做某人花掉某人多少时间eg : It took me 5 minutes to do my homework It takes me half an hour to cook157 It's +adj +for sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事怎么样158 It's +adj +to do 做某事怎么样159 It's +adj for sb 对于某人来说怎么样It's +adj of sb 对某人来说太怎么样160 It's +adj(for sb) to do (对某人来说)做某事怎么样It's +adj of sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事太怎么样eg : It's nice of you to help me with my English161 It's a good idea for sb to do sth 对 . 来说是个好主意162 It's important to sb 对某人来说很重要eg: It's important to me163 It's time to do sth It's time for sth 到了该去做某事的时间eg : It's time to have class It's time for class 该去上课了164 join = take part in 参加165 just now 刚才166 keep +sb /sth +adj / 介词短语让什么保持什么样?167 keep out 不让.... 进入168 keep sb adj 让 .... 保持.... eg: I want to keep my mother happy keep healthy 保持健康169 key to + 名词表示:某物的钥匙或某题的答案170 key to…anser to …key 可以是答题或钥匙171 laugh at … 取笑 .. eg : Don't langh at others We langhed at the joke172 learn by oneslf e 自学173 learn from sb向某人学习eg:We should learn from Lei Feng174 learn to dosth学做某事175 let sb do sth 让某人做某事176 Let sb down 让某人失望eg :We shouldn't let our farents down 我们不应该让我们的父母失望177 live from : 离某地远178 live in + 大地方/at + 小地方居住在某地eg: I live in LuZhou She lives at XuanTan179 look after = take care of 照顾照看180 lose one's way 谁迷路eg : Lose your way 你迷路181 make a decision to do sth 决定做某事182 make friends with sb 和谁成为朋友eg : I want to make friends with you183 make it early 把时间定的早一点184 make on exhibition of oneself 让某人出洋相185 make sb /n +n 使什么成为什么eg : I made her my step moller I made you my wife186 make sb /sth +adj 使某人(某物)怎么样eg : You must made your bed clean187 make sb /sth adj 使某人/ 某物怎么样188 make sb do sth 让某人做某事eg : I made him write 我以前让他写189 make up be made up of (被动语态)由... 组成190 make…difference to …153 instead of + 名)代替191 mind sb to do mind one's doing 介意……做什么192 most + 名most of + 代193 much too + 形容词194 must be 一定195 need + 名词196 need sb do sth 需要某人做某事197 need to do (实义动词)need do (情态动词)198 no /neithr of hate to do no /neithr of hate doing199 no + 名词200 not anymore = no more 再也不..... eg: He didn't cry any more He cried no more 他再也不哭201 not …(形、畐V) at all eg: He's not tall at all she doesn't junp far at all202 not…at all 一点都不203 not …either 表否定,也不eg : I don't japanse either I don't have sister, either 我也没有姐姐204 not …until 直到 .... 才 ...eg: I didn't sleep until my mother came back The child didn't stop crying until I give her sugar205 offer / provide sb with sth 给某人提供206 offer sb sth ( offer sth to sb 提供什么东西给某人eg : I offer you water (I offer water to you 我给你提供水207 on one's way to … 在谁去那的路上208 on the one hand 一方面on the other hand 另一方面209 on the phone = over the phone 用电话交谈210 on time 准时in time 及时211 one day = some day = someday 一天,有一天212 one of + 可数名词的复数形式213 one to another 一个到另一个214 over and over agin 一遍又一遍的eg : He cleaned the floor over and over agin215 part-time job 兼职工作fall-time job 全职工作216 pay for … 付……钱pay the bill 开钱,付钱217 please +do218 please help yourself219 pleased with sb220 pool into = pore into221 practice +doing 练习做某事222 prefer sth to sth 相对……更喜欢…… eg : I prefer physics to chemisty 在物理和化学中,我更喜欢物理prefer doing to sth 更喜欢去做…不愿意去做… eg: He prefers riding a bike to diving 他更喜欢骑自行车,不开小车prefer to do sth rather than do sth 宁愿做…也不愿eg: My unde prefers to buy a now car rather than repaiv the used one 我叔叔更喜欢买新的车,也不去修旧车prefer sb not to do sth 更愿意… eg: I prefer her not to come 我不喜欢她不来223 pretend to do sth 装着去做什么pretend that 从句eg : The two cheats pretended to be working very hard 这两个骗子装着努力工作He pretended that he did not know the answer 他装着不知道答案224 rather…than宁可 .... 也不...eg : I would rather be a doctor than a teacher 我愿肯当医生,也不当老师He likes dogs rather than cats 他喜欢狗,不喜欢猫225 regard …as 把... 当作 ...eg: Please give my best regards to your family 请带我向你的家人我最好的问候I regard you as my friend 我把你当作我的朋友He shows little regard for others 他不爱关心别人226 remid sb about sth 提醒某人什么事remid sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事eg : he remids me about cooking (he remids me to cook 他提醒我做饭227 remid sb of sth 使某人想起什么eg : the pictures remind me of my school days 这照片使我想起了我的学校the words that (which) the teacher talke to remind me of my mother228 return sth to sb 还什么东西给某人229 say to oneself 对自己说230 say to sb 对某人说231 sb spend somemoney on sth 花了多少钱在某事上232 sb spend sometime with sb 花了多少时间陪谁233 sb spend sometime(in) doing sth 花了多少时间做某事234 sb with sb +is sb and sb +are235 see sb do 看见某人做过某事see sb doing 看见某人正在做某事236 seem to do/be +adj 显得怎么样eg : You seem to be tired You seem to be happy237 send +sb sth 送给某人某物238 send…to…把什么寄到哪里去?239 shock 使... 震惊eg : Oh , It's only you ! You give me a shock 啊,是你呀!吓我一跳240 show sb sth 向某人展示某物eg : I show her the book.241 show sb sth = show sth to sb 拿什么东西给某人看eg: Show me your pen Show your pen to me242 show sth to sb 向某人展示某物eg : I show the book to her.243 some…others …一些... 另一些 ...244 start…with… 从.....开始begin…with… 从......开始245 stay away from 远离……eg : We're told to stay away from the animals whe visiting the zoo 当我们参观zoo 时,我们要远离动物If you want to lose weight you'd better stay auay from the sweet food 徒工你想减肥,你最好远离甜食246 stop doing 停下正在做的事247 stop sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事248 stop sb(from) doing 阻止某人做某事249 stop to do 停下正在做的事去做下一件事250 such + 名这样,这种251 suit sb 适合某人252 surprise sb 使某人惊奇to one's surprise 令某人惊奇253 take classes 上课254 take sb to 把某人带去eg : I take you to the hospital255 take walks = take a walk = go for a walk 散步256 ①talk to 对谁说eg : I talk to you ② talk with 和谁说eg : I talk with him③ talk of 谈到eg : we talked of you ④ talk about 谈论关于……257 talk with sb 和某人说话258 teach sb sth 教某人做某事259 tell sb do sth 告诉某人做某事260 tell sb sth tell sb that 丛句tell sb not to do sth tell a story261 tell sb sth 告诉某人某事262 tell sb to do sth 告诉某人做什么tell sb not to do sth 告诉某人不要做什么263 tell …from …264 thank you for +doing265 the same + 名词(doing)+as .......266 the same-( 名)…as as …(adj adv) …as 相同267 the way to do sth = the way of doing st 做某方面的方法the way to + 地方去哪的路e g :Do you know the way to learn English Do you know the way of learning English268 the way to …(地点)到哪的269 too…to… 太怎样而不能 .... adj+enough to 足够…能…so…th at +丛句eg: He is too young to go to school = He is so young that he can't go to schoolHe is old enough to go to school = He is so old that he can go to school270 transalte ......... into ....... 把什么翻译成什么eg : Trasalte English into chinese271 travel with sb 和某人去旅游272 try one's best to do sth 尽某人最大的努力去做某事eg: I will try my best to learn English well 273 try to do sth 想干什么,但没成功try doing sth 想干什么,已经做过了eg :He tried to climb 他想爬上去,但没成功He tried climbing 他想爬上去,已经做过了274 try …试衣服have a try 试一下275 turn down 开小«--> turn up 开大276 turn off 关上 <—> turn on 打开open 拆开277 upside down 倒着278wait for sb 等某人。
初中英语语法五种类基本句型及练习(答案不全)
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五中基本句型一、主语+不及物动词(Subject+Intransitive Verb)例如:They are running.剖析:在此句中,谓语动词是不及物动词,不必加宾语就可表达一个完整的、明确无误的意思。
有时为了表示动作发生的频率、原因、结果、目的、场所、时间等,可以带状语修饰动词,但状语不算句子的主要成分。
The students are playing under the tree.常见的不及物动词有:come, go, listen, wait, climb, move, jump, laugh, sit, stay等。
二、主语+及物动词+宾语(Subject+Transitive Verb+Object)例如:We read English every morning.My sister likes bread.I finished reading the book.常见的及物动词有:like, finish, enjoy, want, play, make, help, take, read, tell, teach, do等。
三、主语+连系动词+表语(Subject+Link Verb+Predicative)例如:They are English teachers.The days get longer.剖析:此类句型的谓语动词是连系动词,它本身有一定的涵义,但不能独立作谓语,它必须和表语一起构成谓语。
表语通常由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语充当,说明主语是什么或怎么样。
My book is on the desk.The trees turn green in spring.常见的连系动词有:be动词, 感官动词feel(感觉), look(看起来), 以及表示变化的动词get(变得), turn(变成), become(成为), go(变成)等。
四、主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语(Subject+Verb +Indirect Object +Direct Object)例如:He told me a story yesterday.Could you pass me the salt?间接宾语有时也可以改成一个由to或for引起的短语,放在直接宾语之后,即构成“主语+及物动词+直接宾语+介词+间接宾语”的句式。
(外研版)初中英语语法总结
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(外研版)初中英语语法总结1 agree with sb 赞成某人2 visit to… 参观某个地方3 a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟(容易)4 (see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen to 、 look at (感官动词)+do eg:I like watching monkeys jump5 all kinds of 各种各样 a kind of 一样6 all over the world = the whole world 整个世界7 along with同……一道,伴随…… eg : I will go along with you我将和你一起去the students planted trees along with their teachers 学生同老师们一起种树8 As soon as 一怎么样就怎么样9 as you can see 你是知道的10 ask for ……求助向…要…(直接接想要的东西) eg : ask you for my book11 ask sb for sth 向某人什么12 ask sb to do sth 询问某人某事 ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事13 at the age of 在……岁时 eg:I am sixteen I am at the age of sixteen14 at the beginning of …… ……的起初;……的开始15 at the end of +地点/+时间最后;尽头;末尾 eg : At the end of the day16 at this time of year 在每年的这个时候17 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +从句感觉/对什么有信心,自信eg : I am / feel confident of my spoken English I feel that I can pass the test18 be + doing 表:1 现在进行时 2 将来时19 be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原)能够…… eg : She is able to sing She can sing20 be able to do sth 能够干什么 eg :she is able to sing21 be afraid to do (of sth 恐惧,害怕…… eg : I'm afraed to go out at night I'm afraid of dog22 be allowed to do 被允许做什么eg: I'm allowed to watch TV 我被允许看电视 I should be allowed to watch TV 我应该被允许看电视23 be angry with sb 生某人的气 eg : Don't be angry with me24 be angry with(at) sb for doing sth 为什么而生某人的气25 be as…原级…as 和什么一样 eg : She is as tall as me 她和我一样高26(比较级 and 比较级)表示越来越怎么样27 be away from 远离28 be away from 从……离开29 be bad for 对什么有害 eg : Reading books in the sun is bad for your eyes 在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好30 be born 出生于 31 be busy doing sth 忙于做什么事 be busy with sth 忙于……32 be careful 当心;小心33 be different from…… 和什么不一样34 be famous for 以……著名 35 be friendly to sb 对某人友好36 be from = come from 来自 eg :He is from Bejing He comes from Bejing Is he from Bejing ? Does he come from Bejing ?37 be full of 装满……的 be filled with 充满 eg: the glass is full of water the glass is filled with water38 be glad+to+do/从句 39 be going to + v(原)将来时40 be good at(+doing) = do well in 在某方面善长, 善于……41 be good for 对什么有好处 eg : Reading aloud is good for your English42 be happy to do 很高兴做某事43 be helpful to sb 对某人有好处eg : Reading aloud is helpful to you 大声朗读对你有好处Exercising is helpful to your bady 锻炼对你的身体有好处44 be in good health 身体健康45 be in trouble 处于困难中 eg : She is in trouble They are in tronble46 be interested in 对某方面感兴趣47 be late for = come late to 迟到 eg: Be late for class 上课迟到48 be like 像…… eg : I'm like my mother49 be mad at 生某人的气50 be made from 由……制成(制成以后看不见原材料)51 be made of 由……制成(制成以后还看得见原材料) 52 be not sure 表不确定53 be on a visit to 参观 54 be popular with sb 受某人欢迎55 be quiet 安静 56 be short for 表**的缩写 eg: 陶 is short for 陶俊杰57 be sick in bed 生病在床 58 be sorry to do sth be sorry for sb eg : I am sorry for you59 be sorry to hear that 60 be sorry to trouble sb eg : I am sorry to trouble you61 be strict in doing sth 严于做某事 eg : He's strict in obeying noles62 be strict with sb 对某人要求严格 eg: Some students are not strict with them selves 这些学生对自己不严格63 be strict with sb in sth 某方面对某人严格 64 be supposed to do 被要求干什么65 be sure 表确定 66 be sure of doing sth 对做某事有信心 eg: He is sure of winning I am sure of learning English well67 be sure of sth 对做某事有信心 eg: I'm sure of my head (my teacher 我相信我的大脑(老师)68 be sure that sth 对做某事有信心 eg: I'm suer that he can pass the test 我相信他能通过考试69 be sure to do sth一定会做某事eg: We are sure to pass the test 我们一定会通过这次考试 We are sure to learn English well 我们一定能学好英语70 be terrified of + 名/动doing 害怕…… 71 be terrified to do sth 害怕做某事72 be t he same as … 和什么一样 73 be used to doing sth 习惯做某事eg: My father is used to getting up early 我爸爸习惯早He is used to sleeping in class 他习惯上课睡觉74 be worth doing 值得做什么 75 be(feel) afraid to do sth 害怕做某事be afraid of sth 害怕某物 be afraid that 丛句76 because+句子 because of +短语eg : He was late because he had a headache He was late because of his headache77 begin to do = start to do 开始做某事start…with…=begin…with… 以什么开始什么eg : Let's begin the game with the song I begin to go home78 between…and… 两者之间79 borrow sth from sb 向……借…… lend sth to sb ( lend sb sth 借给……什么东西eg : I borrowed a pen from him he lent a pen to me ( he lent me a pen80 both = the same(as) = not different(from) 表相同81 bother 打扰 bother sb to do stheg : I'm sorry to bother you ,but can you tell me to way to the station我十分道歉打扰你,但是你能告诉我怎么去车站the problem has been bothering me for weeks 这个问题困扰了我几个周了He's bothering me to lend him money82 by the end of 到……为止 83 call sb sth eg : We call him old wang84 care 关心 eg : Don't you care about this country's future ?你为什么不关心国家的未来85 catch up with sb 赶上某人 86 chat with sb 和某人闲谈 take sb to + 地点带某人去某地87 come in 进88 come over to 过来89 come up with 提出 eg: Can you come up with a good idea 你能想出一个好办法吗?90 communicate with sb 和某人交流91 consider + doing 考虑做什么 eg : Why not consider going to lu zhou 为什么不考虑去泸州?92 dance to 随着……跳舞 eg : She likes dancing to the music 她喜欢随着音乐跳舞93 decide to do sth 决定做某事 94 do a survey of 做某方面的调查 95 do better in 在……方面做得更好96 do wrong 做错 97 Don't forget to do sth 不要忘了做某事 98 Don't mind +doing /从句 /名词不要介意……99 each +名(单)每一个…eg : Each student has many books 每一个学生都有一些书 100 end up +doing 101 enjoy +doing喜欢 102escape from 从……逃跑eg: The prisoners have escaped from the prison犯人从监狱里逃跑出来 103 expect to do sth 期待做某事104 fall down 摔下来 fall off 从哪摔下来 105 fall in love with sb /sth 爱上什么106 far from 离某地远 eg : The school is far from my home 107 find +it +adj +to do 发现做某事怎么样108 find sb/sth +adj 发现什么怎么样 eg : I find the book interesting 109 finish 完成+doing(名词)110 fit to sb = be fit for sb 适合某人 111 forget to do 没有做而忘了 forget doing 做了而又忘了 eg: Don't forget to go home I forget closing door 112 from…to… 从某某到某某 eg: From me for her113 get /have sth down 做完,被(别人)做…eg: I have my hair cut 我理了发(头发被剪了)Tom got his bad tooth pulled out 汤母把他的坏牙拔掉了(被牙医拔掉了)114 get a part-time job= find a part-time job 115 get along well with sb = get on well with sb 与某人相处得好116 get along with sb = get on with sb 与某人相处 117 get ready for = be ready for为什么而准备eg : I get ready for math I am ready for math 118 get sb in to trouble 给某人麻119 get sb to do sth120 get…from… 从某处得到某物 121 give a talk 做报告 eg: He is give a tall122 give sth to sb give sb sth 给某人某物 123 go fish 钓鱼 go swimming 游泳124 go on to do 去做下一件事 go on doing 继续做这件事 125 go out away from go out of126 go to school 上学(用于专业的)go to the school 去学校(不一定是上学) 127 good way to 好方法128 hate to do 讨厌没做过的事 hate doing 讨厌做过的事129 have a party for sb 举办谁的晚会 130 have a talk 听报告谈一谈131 have been doing 现在完成进行时 eg : You have been talking You have been sleeping since132 have been to …( 地方)……去过某过地方have gone to …(地方)去了某地还没回来133 have fun +doing 玩得高兴 134 have sth to do 有什么事要做eg: I have a lot of homework to do 我有很多家庭作业要做 I have nothing to do 我没什么事情做135 have to do sth 必须做某事136 have trouble (problem) (in) doing sth 做什么事情有麻烦137 have…t ime +doing138 have…(时间)…off 放……假 eg: I have month off 我请一个月得假139 hear sb +do/doing 听见某人做某事/正在做某事140 help a lot 很大用处141 help sb with sth \one's sth 帮助某人某事(某方面) help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事142 hope to do sth 希望做某事143 How about(+doing) = What about(+doing)144 how do you like = what do you think of 你对什么的看法145 if : 是否=wethereg: I don't know if (wether) I should go to the party 我不知道我是否应该去参加晚会He don't know if (wether) we will arrive on time tomorrow morning 他不知道我们明天早上是否能准时到达146 if :如果,假如(全部接一般时态)+条件语态从句eg: I'll go to LuZhou if it does't rain 假如明天不下雨,我就去泸州If they change the plan they will let me know 假如他们要改变计划,他们会让我知道的I'll go to England ,if I have enough money next year 如果我明年由足够的钱,我就要去英国147 in one's opinion = sb think 某人认为148 in some ways 在某些方面149 in the end = finally(adv) 最后150 in the north of… 什么在什么的北方(north 北 sowth 南 west 西 east 东)151 in the sun 在太阳下152 increase 增加eg : They've increased the prece of petrol by 3% 他们把石油价增加了3%the population has increased from 12 million ten years ago to 18 million now153 instead of +(名)代替eg: I'd like an apple instead of a pear 我想要苹果,而不要梨子I like English instead of math 我喜欢英语而不喜欢数学154 introduce sb to sb 介绍某人给某人 introduce oneself 自我介绍155 invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事156 It takes sb sometime to do sth 做某人花掉某人多少时间eg : It took me 5 minutes to do my homework It takes me half an hour to cook157 It's +adj +for sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事怎么样158 It's +adj +to do 做某事怎么样159 It's +adj for sb 对于某人来说怎么样 It's +adj of sb 对某人来说太怎么样160 It's +adj(for sb) to do(对某人来说)做某事怎么样 It's +adj of sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事太怎么样eg : It's nice of you to help me with my English161 It's a good idea for sb to do sth 对…… 来说是个好主意162 It's important to sb 对某人来说很重要 eg: It's important to me163 It's time to do sth It's time for sth 到了该去做某事的时间eg : It's time to have class It's time for class 该去上课了164 join = take part in 参加165 just now 刚才166 keep +sb /sth +adj /介词短语让什么保持什么样?167 keep out 不让…… 进入168 keep sb adj 让……保持…… eg: I want to keep my mother happy keep healthy 保持健康169 key to +名词表示:某物的钥匙或某题的答案170 key to… anser to … key 可以是答题或钥匙171 laugh at… 取笑…… eg : Don't langh at others We langhed at the joke172 learn by oneslfe 自学173 learn from sb 向某人学习 eg: We should learn from Lei Feng174 learn to do sth 学做某事175 let sb do sth 让某人做某事176 Let sb down 让某人失望 eg : We shouldn't let our farents down 我们不应该让我们的父母失望177 live from :离某地远178 live in +大地方 /at +小地方居住在某地 eg: I live in LuZhou She lives at XuanTan179 look after = take care of 照顾照看180 lose one's way 谁迷路 eg : Lose your way 你迷路181 make a decision to do sth 决定做某事182 make friends with sb 和谁成为朋友 eg : I want to make friends with you183 make it early 把时间定的早一点184 make on exhibition of oneself 让某人出洋相185 make sb /n +n 使什么成为什么 eg : I made her my step moller I made you my wife186 make sb /sth +adj 使某人(某物)怎么样 eg : You must made your bed clean187 make sb /sth adj 使某人/某物怎么样188 make sb do sth 让某人做某事 eg : I made him write 我以前让他写189 make up be made up of (被动语态)由……组成190 make…difference to…191 mind sb to do mind one's doing 介意……做什么192 most +名 most of +代193 much too +形容词 194 must be 一定 195 need +名词196 need sb do sth 需要某人做某事 197 need to do (实义动词) need do (情态动词)198 no /neithr of hate to do no /neithr of hate doing199 no +名词200 not anymore = no more 再也不…… eg: He didn't cry any more He cried no more 他再也不哭201 not… (形、副)at all eg: He's not tall at all she doesn't junp far at all202 not…at all 一点都不203 not…either 表否定,也不 eg : I don't japanse either I don't have sister, either 我也没有姐姐204 not…until 直到……才……eg: I didn't sleep until my mother came back The child didn't stop crying until I give her sugar205 offer / provide sb with sth 给某人提供206 offer sb sth ( offer sth to sb 提供什么东西给某人 eg : I offer you water (I offer water to you 我给你提供水207 on one's way to… 在谁去那的路上208 on the one hand 一方面 on the other hand 另一方面209 on the phone = over the phone 用电话交谈210 on time 准时 in time 及时211 one day =some day =someday 一天,有一天212 one of +可数名词的复数形式213 one to another 一个到另一个214 over and over agin 一遍又一遍的 eg : He cleaned the floor over and over agin215 part-time job 兼职工作 fall-time job 全职工作216 pay for… 付……钱 pay the bill 开钱,付钱217 please +do218 please help yourself219 pleased with sb220 pool into = pore into221 practice +doing 练习做某事222 prefer sth to sth 相对……更喜欢…… eg : I prefer physics to chemisty 在物理和化学中,我更喜欢物理prefer doing to sth 更喜欢去做…不愿意去做… eg: He prefers riding a bike to diving 他更喜欢骑自行车,不开小车prefer to do sth rather than do sth 宁愿做…也不愿eg: My unde prefers to buy a now car rather than repaiv the used one 我叔叔更喜欢买新的车,也不去修旧车prefer sb not to do sth 更愿意… eg: I prefer her not to come 我不喜欢她不来223 pretend to do sth 装着去做什么 pretend that 从句eg : The two cheats pretended to be working very hard 这两个骗子装着努力工作He pretended that he did not know the answer 他装着不知道答案224 rather…than 宁可……也不……eg : I would rather be a doctor than a teacher 我愿肯当医生,也不当老师He likes dogs rather than cats 他喜欢狗,不喜欢猫225 regard…as 把……当作……eg: Please give my best regards to your family 请带我向你的家人我最好的问候I regard you as my friend 我把你当作我的朋友He shows little regard for others 他不爱关心别人226 remid sb about sth 提醒某人什么事 remid sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事eg : he remids me about cooking (he remids me to cook 他提醒我做饭227 remid sb of sth 使某人想起什么eg : the pictures remind me of my school days 这照片使我想起了我的学校the words that (which) the teacher talke to remind me of my mother228 return sth to sb 还什么东西给某人229 say to oneself 对自己说230 say to sb 对某人说231 sb spend somemoney on sth 花了多少钱在某事上232 sb spend sometime with sb 花了多少时间陪谁233 sb spend sometime(in) doing sth 花了多少时间做某事234 sb with sb +is sb and sb +are235 see sb do 看见某人做过某事 see sb doing 看见某人正在做某事236 seem to do/be +adj 显得怎么样 eg : You seem to be tired You seem to be happy237 send +sb sth 送给某人某物238 send…to…把什么寄到哪里去?239 shock 使……震惊 eg : Oh , It's only you ! You give me a shock 啊,是你呀!吓我一跳240 show sb sth 向某人展示某物 eg : I show her the book.241 show sb sth = show sth to sb 拿什么东西给某人看 eg: Show me your pen Show your pen to me242 show sth to sb 向某人展示某物 eg : I show the book to her.243 some…others… 一些……另一些……244 start…with… 从……开始begin…with… 从……开始245 stay away from 远离……eg : We're told to stay away from the animals whe visiting the zoo 当我们参观zoo 时,我们要远离动物If you want to lose weight you'd better stay auay from the sweet food 徒工你想减肥,你最好远离甜食246 stop doing 停下正在做的事247 stop sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事248 stop sb(from) doing 阻止某人做某事249 stop to do 停下正在做的事去做下一件事250 such +名这样,这种251 suit sb 适合某人252 surprise sb 使某人惊奇 to one's surprise 令某人惊奇253 take classes 上课254 take sb to 把某人带去 eg : I take you to the hospital255 take walks = take a walk = go for a walk 散步256 ①talk to 对谁说eg : I talk to you ② talk with 和谁说 eg : I talk with him③ talk of 谈到eg : we talked of you ④ talk about 谈论关于……257 talk with sb 和某人说话258 teach sb sth 教某人做某事259 tell sb do sth 告诉某人做某事260 tell sb sth tell sb that 丛句 tell sb not to do sth tell a story261 tell sb sth 告诉某人某事262 tell sb to do sth 告诉某人做什么 tell sb not to do sth 告诉某人不要做什么263 tell…from…264 thank you for +doing265 the same +名词(doing)+as……266 the same…(名)…as as…(adj adv)…as 相同267 the way to do sth = the way of doing st做某方面的方法the way to +地方去哪的路e g :Do you know the way to learn English Do you know the way of learning English268 the way to…(地点)到哪的269 too…to… 太怎样而不能……adj +enough to 足够…能… so…th at +丛句eg: He is too young to go to school = He is so young that he can't go to schoolHe is old enough to go to school = He is so old that he can go to school270 transalte ……into…… 把什么翻译成什么 eg : Trasalte English into chinese271 travel with sb和某人去旅游272 try one's best to do sth尽某人最大的努力去做某事eg: I will try my best to learn English well 273 try to do sth 想干什么,但没成功 try doing sth 想干什么,已经做过了eg :He tried to climb 他想爬上去,但没成功 He tried climbing 他想爬上去,已经做过了274 try…试衣服 have a try 试一下275 turn down 开小←→ turn up开大276 turn off 关上←→ turn on 打开 open 拆开277 upside down 倒着278wait for sb 等某人。
初中英语语法大全:英语五个基本句型
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初中英语语法大全:英语五个基本句型
1简单句、并列句、复合句
根据语法形式,即句子的结构,英语的句子可分为简单句、并列句和复合句。
1简单句
句型:主语+谓语
只包含一个主谓结构,而句子的各个结构都只由单词或短语表示。
简单句有五种基本句型,详见第十七章。
They are playing baseball in the garden.
他们正在公园里打棒球。
Her brother and sister both are teachers.
她的哥哥和姐姐都是老师。
2并列句
句型:简单句+并列连词+简单句
(常见的并列连词有and,but,or)
并列句是由两个或两个以上的简单句连接而成。
并列句中的各简单句意义同等重要,相互之间没有从属关系,是平行并列的关系。
它们之间用连词连结。
My friend was at home,and we talked for along time.
我的朋友在家,我们谈了好长时间。
Her father is a doctor and her mother is a teacher.
她父亲是个医生,她母亲是个老师。
初中英语语法五大基本句型中的宾语从句
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初中英语语法五大基本句型中的宾语从句一、宾语从句的概念宾语从句是指在一个句子中充当宾语的从句。
宾语从句通常以连接词引导,常见的连接词有:that, whether, if, who, whom, whose, which, what, when, where, why, how等。
二、宾语从句的结构宾语从句一般由连接词引导,然后再加上一个主语和谓语,构成一个完整的句子。
例如:- She asked me whether I had finished my homework.(她问我是否完成作业。
)whether I had finished my homework.(她问我是否完成作业。
)- 这里的宾语从句是:"I had finished my homework",连接词是"whether"。
- Do you know who will be the winner?(你知道谁会是胜利者吗?)who will be the winner?(你知道谁会是胜利者吗?)- 这里的宾语从句是:"who will be the winner",连接词是"who"。
三、宾语从句的用法宾语从句可以用于陈述句、疑问句、祈使句等不同语句类型中。
下面分别介绍其用法:1. 陈述句中的宾语从句在陈述句中,宾语从句通常用来表示陈述或观点。
例如:- She said that she would go to the party.(她说她会去参加派对。
)that she would go to the party.(她说她会去参加派对。
)- He knows what I like.(他知道我喜欢什么。
)what I like.(他知道我喜欢什么。
)2. 疑问句中的宾语从句在疑问句中,宾语从句常用来表示疑问或询问。
例如:- Can you tell me where he lives?(你能告诉我他住在哪里吗?)where he lives?(你能告诉我他住在哪里吗?)3. 祈使句中的宾语从句在祈使句中,宾语从句通常用来表示请求、建议或命令。
初中英语语法基础知识-----5种基本句型及句子成分名词解析
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初中英语语法基础知识-----5种基本句型及句子成分名词解析一、五种简单句基本句型1.“主语+谓语”(即“主谓”句型)这一句型英汉语言结构形式完全相同,说明“某人或某物如何动作”,或者说“某人或某物自身怎样运动”。
例:They ar r i ved i n H ar bi n yest er day m or ni ng.分析:“t hey”(主语)“ar r i ved”(谓语)。
2.“主语+谓语+宾语”(即“主谓宾”句型)这一句型英汉语言的结构形式完全相同,用以说明“某人或某物做什么事情”,或者说“某人或某物发出了动作,并且其动作涉及到另一个人或物”。
例:Ist udy E ngl i sh.分析:“I”(主语)“st udy”(谓语动作)“E ngl i sh”(宾语即动作涉及的对象)。
3.“主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语”(即“主谓双宾”句型)这一句型英汉语序结构相同,说明“某人为谁(间接宾语为人)做某事”,或者说“某人或物的运动涉及到两个对象,其中一个间接对象为人,另一个为物”。
例:O urt eachert aughtus E ngl i sh.分析:“ourt eacher”(主语)“教”(谓语动作)“us”(间接宾语)“E ngl i sh”(直接宾语)。
4.“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”(即“主谓宾宾补”句型)这一句型说明“某人或某物要求(使、让)某人做什么”或“某人感觉某人或物怎么样”。
例: H e asked hert o go t her e.分析:“he”(主语)“asked”(谓语动作)“her”(宾语即动作涉及的对象)“t o go t her e”(补语—补充说明宾语做什么)。
5.“主语+系动词+表语”(即“主系表”句型)这一句型用以说明“某人(某物、某事、某种概念)具有什么特征或处于什么状态”。
汉语的“是”字结构属于这一英语句型的形式之一。
常用的系动词有be,keep,l i e,r em ai n,st and,becom e,f al l,get,go,gr ow,t ur n,l ook,f eel,seem,sm el l,sound,t ast e,等。
外研版七年级下学期英语语法总结
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外研版七年级下学期英语语法总结1、词类:物主代词、情态动词can与方位介词短语2、时态:一般将来时态与一般过去时态3、句型:特殊疑问句、祈使句、感叹句与选择疑问句一、物主代词1、物主代词:表示所属关系的代词(…属于谁的)2、形容词性物主代词与名词性物主代词的关系:(1)形容词性物主代词:必须与名词在一起。
My father, your teacher、、、(2)名词性物主代词:相当于与之相对应的形容词性物主代词+名词。
This shirt is mine、 =This is my shirt、二、情态动词can1、含义:表达人或物的能力,能或会、、、…2、特点:情态动词can没有人称与数的变化,之后要加动词原形。
3、否定形式:cannot(正式用法)=can’t(口语)4、句型结构:(1)肯定句:主语 + 情态动词 + 动词原形 + 其她 + 。
She / They can swim well、(2)否定句:主语 + 情态动词 + not + 动词原形 + 其她 + 。
She / They can not swim well、(3)一般疑问句: 情态动词 + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其她 + ?Can she / they swim well?Yes, she / they can、 / No, she / they can’t、(4)特殊疑问句: 特殊疑问词 + 情态动词 + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其她 + ?Why can she / they swim well?Who can swim well?三、介词between、、、and、、、在两者之间Lingling sits between Tony and Daming、玲玲坐在托尼与大明之间。
among 在三者或三者以上之间Miss Li is among lots of students、李老师在许多同学之间。
四、一般将来时1、时间状语:in+一段时间;tomorrow;in the future; next+时间;this+时间(表示将来时间的状语)2、 be(is,am、are) going to do的用法。
外研版七年级英语句型整理
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外研版七年级英语句型整理1. 一般现在时1.1 肯定句- 主语 + 动词原形1.2 否定句- 主语 + don't/doesn't/does not + 动词原形1.3 一般疑问句- Do/Does/Did + 主语 + 动词原形?1.4 回答-Yes, 主语 + 助动词. / No, 主语 + 助动词't.2. 一般过去时2.1 肯定句- 主语 + 动词过去式2.2 否定句- 主语 + didn't/did not + 动词过去式2.3 一般疑问句- Did + 主语 + 动词过去式?2.4 回答-Yes, 主语 + 助动词. / No, 主语 + 助动词't.3. 一般将来时3.1 肯定句- will + 动词原形3.2 否定句- won't + 动词原形3.3 一般疑问句- Will + 主语 + 动词原形?3.4 回答-Yes, 主语 + will. / No, 主语 + won't.4. 被动语态4.1 一般现在时- am/is/are + 动词过去分词 + by + 主语4.2 一般过去时- was/were + 动词过去分词 + by + 主语4.3 一般将来时- will be + 动词过去分词 + by + 主语5. 宾语从句5.1 一般现在时- 主语 + 动词原形 + that/if/whether + 从句5.2 一般过去时- 主语 + 动词过去式 + that/if/whether + 从句5.3 一般将来时- 主语 + will + 动词原形 + that/if/whether + 从句6. 定语从句6.1 关系代词- who/whom/which/that + 谓语动词6.2 关系副词- where/when/why/how + 谓语动词7. 情态动词7.1 肯定句- can/may/must + 动词原形7.2 否定句- can't/can not/may not/must not + 动词原形7.3 一般疑问句- Can/May/Must + 主语 + 动词原形?7.4 回答-Yes, 主语 + 助动词. / No, 主语 + 助动词't.8. 祈使句- 动词原形 + 其他9. 不定式- to + 动词原形10. 现在分词- 动词 -ing11. 过去分词- 动词过去式以上是外研版七年级英语句型的整理,希望对大家有所帮助。
初中英语语法专题讲解1--简单句的5种基本句型
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初中英语语法专题讲解1——简单句的五种基本句型英语中千变万化的句子归根结底都是由以下五种基本句型组合、扩展、变化而来的:1)主+ 动(SV)例如:I work.我工作。
2)主+ 动+ 表(SVP)例如:John is busy.约翰忙。
3)主+ 动+ 宾(SVO)例如:She studies English.她学英语。
4)主+ 动+ 宾+ 补(SVOC)例如:Time would prove me right. 时间会证明我是对的。
5)主+ 动+ 间宾+ 直宾(SVOiOd)例如:My mother made me a new dress.我母亲给我做了一件新衣裳。
英语中的各种句子分为简单句和复合句,其中简单句中包含有五种基本句型。
1.S+Vi(Subject主语+Intransitive Verb不及物动词)例:The sun rises in the east.太阳从东方升起。
She is walking along the lake.她正沿着湖边走。
2.S+Vt+O(Subject主语+Transitive Verb及物动词+Object 宾语)例:He found a bird in the tree.他发现树上有一只鸟。
I like this book very much.我非常喜欢这本书。
3.S+link.V+P(Subject主语+link.verb系动词+Predicative 表语)1)句型中系动词的位置可以用be动词来代替。
2)句型中系动词可分为:表状态的系动词:be,keep,lie,look,remain,seem,smell,sound,sit,stand,stay,taste等。
表变化或结果的系动词:become,come,get,grow,go,fall,prove,turn等。
例:Time is up.时间到了。
That man seems kind.那人看起来很善良。
初中英语语法五大基本句型
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第一章五大基本句型一、主语+不及物动词(S+vi。
)Birds fly。
鸟会飞.The birds are flying over the building. 那些鸟正飞过大楼上空.He sits in the back row. 他坐在后排。
二、主语+及物动词+宾语(S+vt。
+O)My brother studies history. 我哥哥研究历史.I put the newspaper on the table. 我把报纸放在了桌上。
She only wants an apple. 她只想要一个苹果.三、主语+系动词+表语(S+v.+P)The flowers are very beautiful。
这些花非常漂亮.The music sounds very sweet。
这个音乐听起来很甜美。
I feel sleepy today. 我今天感觉很累.四、主语+及物动词+简接宾语+直接宾语(S+vt. +IO+DO)Our English teacher often tells us stories in English。
我们的英语老师经常用英语给我们讲故事。
I will find you a good chance as long as you won’t lose heart。
只要你不失去信心,我会给你找个好机会的。
My parents bought me a nice Christmas present。
我父母为我卖了一件精美的圣诞礼物。
五、主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语(S+vt.+O+C)They made her happy. 他们使她高兴。
They painted the door red。
他们把门漆成了红色。
I can hear someone playing the violin next door. 我听见有人在隔壁拉小提琴。
第二章句型成分:主语和宾语一、名词1、名词的数名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。
初中英语语法五大基本句型
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初中英语语法五大基本句型英语句子是由主语(subject), 谓语动词(verb),宾语(object), 表语(predicative),状语(adverbial),宾语补足语(object complement)等成分组成,按照这些成分的组合方式英语句子可分为五种基本句型。
句型一:主语+不及物动词不及物动词本身就可以表达完整的意念,不需要宾语及补语,但有时可有副词,介词短语等状语修饰语。
e.g. The rain stopped .The old man walks in the park .扩展:1.主语+不及物动词+状语e.g. The machine works smoothly. (机器运转正常。
)2.There +不及物动词+主语e.g. There is some milk in the bottle . There comes the bus .3. 主语+不及物动词+ 动词不定式e.g. They stopped to take a short rest . (他们停下来稍作休息) 特别提醒:动词stop 可用作不及物动词,也可用作及物动词。
作不及物动词时, 通常后接动词不定式,表示停下来的目的是做另一件事。
作及物动词时,通常后接动名词,表示停止做这件事。
e.g. They stopped taking a rest .句型二:主语+系动词+表语系动词本身不能表达完整的意念没,需要形容词,名词,介词短语等来补充说明主语,也叫主语补语。
e.g. My sister is a nurse . I feel quite hungry . The ball is under the desk .句型三:主语+及物动词+宾语及物动词本身需要一个动作的接受者(宾语),才可以表达一个完整的意念。
e.g. We are learning English . Do you know him ? Your radio needs repairing .She hopes to see her uncle.句型四:主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语有些及物动词需要两个宾语才能表达一个完整意念。
初中英语语法大全:英语五个基本句型
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初中英语语法大全:英语五个基本句型1简单句、并列句、复合句根据语法形式,即句子的结构,英语的句子可分为简单句、并列句和复合句。
1简单句句型:主语+谓语只包含一个主谓结构,而句子的各个结构都只由单词或短语表示。
简单句有五种基本句型,详见第十七章。
They are playing baseball in the garden.他们正在公园里打棒球。
Her brother and sister both are teachers.她的哥哥和姐姐都是老师。
2并列句句型:简单句+并列连词+简单句(常见的并列连词有and,but,or)并列句是由两个或两个以上的简单句连接而成。
并列句中的各简单句意义同等重要,相互之间没有从属关系,是平行并列的关系。
它们之间用连词连结。
My friend was at home,and we talked for along time.我的朋友在家,我们谈了好长时间。
Her father is a doctor and her mother is a teacher.她父亲是个医生,她母亲是个老师。
I liked the story very much but Li Ming wasn't interested in it.我非常喜欢这个故事,可是李明却对它不感兴趣。
Hurry up,or you'll be late.快点,否则你就会迟到的。
3 复合句句型:主句+连词+从句;或连词+从句+主句(包含一个主句、一个或一个以上的从句,或只包含一个从句,但有两个或两个以上的主句的句子叫复合句。
)句子的成分组成句子的各个部分叫做句子的成分。
句子成分包括:主语、谓语、表语、宾语(直接宾语、间接宾语)、宾语补足语、定语和状语。
主语和谓语是句子主体部分(在英文中一般的句子必须有主语和谓语)。
表语、宾语和宾语补足语是谓语里的组成部分。
其他成分如定语和状语是句子的次要部分。
下面我们分别讲述一下句子的各个成分:1 主语主语是谓语讲述的对象,表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。
外研社初中英语语法
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谭记录:外研社初中英语语法(初一到初三)初一上册1动词 be (am ,is ,are)说明年纪,身份,状态。
2神态动词 can3there be 句型4have got5some any6神态动词7行为动词的一般此刻时(主语是第一第二人称)8行为动词的一般此刻时 (主语是第三人称)9行为动词的一般此刻时(主语是第三人称单数的各样句式:一定,否认,疑问,回答)10行为动词的一般此刻时和序数词A(主语是第一第二人称,第三人称复数的行为动词)一般此刻时的各样句式的总结(一定,否认,疑问,回答)B序数词初一下册1此刻进行时B此刻进行时的否认和疑问形式组成2此刻进行时、A问对方能否正在做某事。
B问其余人在做什么。
C问对方在做什么。
3 一般未来时;be going to4 一般未来时;will5形容词比较级6形容词和副词的比较级7形容词和副词的最高等8一般过去时(一定,否认,疑问,回答)9一般过去时(组成和否认形式)10一般过去时(一定,否认,疑问,回答)11一般过去时的特别疑问形式。
12一般过去时(不规则动词的变化形式)初二上册1一般此刻时,一般过去时,一般未来时,此刻进行时2此刻达成时(构造)3此刻达成时(观点)4此刻达成时(与一般过去时的差别)5反义疑问句6过去进行时。
7表感觉和知觉的系动词8方向的表达方式(介词表达方向)9动词不定式的语法功能。
10动词不定式和双宾语。
11神态动词 may /might12神态动词 must ,can初二下册1五种基本句型2宾语从句( whether , if 指引的从句,疑问词指引的宾语从句)3不定式和动名词做宾语。
4if 从句(组成与地点)5if 从句( if 从句中,一般此刻时表示未来的条件)6直接引语和间接引语。
(陈说句的转述)7直接引语和间接引语。
(祈使句的转述,一般,特别疑问句的转述,表示客观真谛时,本来的时态不变。
)8 状语从句( when, before,as soon as ,until, while )9状语从句(原由,目的,结果)10would 表想象的用法。
外研版七年级重点句型
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外研版七年级重点句型七年级外研版课本中的重点句型有很多,以下是一些常见的句型及其用法。
1. What's your name? - My name is Amy.这是一种常用的问候句型,用于询问对方的名字。
回答时要用"My name is..."的形式。
2. How old are you? - I'm 13 years old.这是一种询问对方年龄的句型。
回答时要用"I'm..."加上具体的年龄。
3. Where are you from? - I'm from China.这是一种询问对方来自何处的句型。
回答时要用"I'm from..."加上国家或地名。
4. How are you? - I'm fine, thank you. / I'm tired.这是一种常用的问候句型,用于询问对方的身体状况。
回答时可以用"I'm fine, thank you."表示身体状况良好,也可以用其他形容词来表达不同的情况。
5. What's this in English? - It's a pen.这是一种用英语询问物品名称的句型。
回答时要用"It's a..."加上具体的物品名称。
6. Is she your sister? - Yes, she is. / No, she isn't.这是一种用于询问家庭成员关系的句型。
回答时可以用"Yes, she is."表示是家庭成员,也可以用"No, she isn't."表示不是家庭成员。
7. Can you swim? - Yes, I can. / No, I can't.这是一种用于询问对方是否会做某事的句型。
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外研版初中英语语法之五大基本句型英语的句子在结构上可以归纳为五个基本句型。
A.第一基本句型【例译】1.正在下着雨。
2.我的哥哥很用功。
3.我每天早晨六点钟起床。
4.日出于东而没于西。
5.比尔和吉姆每天都一起读书一起玩。
解说各例句的黑体字是主语,斜体字是谓语动词。
主语通常是一个,但是也可以如例5有两个,甚至两个以上都可以成立。
谓语动词也是一个较为普通,但是也可以如例4,5有两上,甚至更多也能成立。
本句型的Vi.属于完全不及物动词(Complete intransitive verb).注:“There + be(Vi.)+ S…”也是属于第一基本句型。
例如:例:There is an alarm clock on her desk. (她的书桌上有一个闹钟。
)例:There stands a tower on the hill. (小山上耸立着一座塔。
)B.第二基本句型【例译】1.我的名字是汤姆。
2.约翰和玛丽是同班同学。
3.你准备好了吗?4.所有的问题都不容易回答。
5.你的梦想一定能实现的。
6.这些玫瑰花看起来很美,闻起来也很香。
解说各例句的黑体字是主语,斜体字是谓语动词,字底加线的是主语补语。
什么是主语补语?请观察:①My name is(我的名字是)②These roses look(这些玫瑰花看起来)上面两例虽各有可作主语的名词“name”和“roses”,也有谓语动词“is”和“look”,但是句意不清楚,无法表达完整的句意,所以不是句子。
现在若在例1之后加“Tom”,例2之后加“very beautiful”,那么句意就完整地表达出来了。
像这样,一个词(通常是n.pron.或adj.)在谓语部分里补充说明主语者就叫做主语补语。
主语补语通常是一个,但是依表达的需要也可以有两个(如例6),或更多。
谓语动词需要取主语补语才能把句意表达完整者叫做不完全不及物动词(Incomplete intransitive verb)。
注:下列常见“It…”句式也是属于第二基本句型。
1.It + be + a/n .+ to v…(不定式)例:It is nice to see you again.(能再和你见面真好。
)例:It is your duty to take care of your mother.(照顾你的妈妈是你的责任。
)2.It + be +adj +for +o + to V…例:It is easy for us to learn to speak English.(学习说英语对我们来说是容易的。
)C.第三基本句型【例译】1.现在我们正在学习句型。
2.海伦做她的课外作业都很小心。
3.昨天你看到他了吗?4.我们的英语老师林先生会说英语和日语。
5.大部分的小孩都爱阅读故事。
解说各例句的黑体字是主语,斜体字是谓语动词,字底加线的是直接宾语。
直接宾语(请参阅L-3,第3节,D,注)通常以名词、代词(宾格)为多,其他如不定式、动名词(如例5)、或名词从句等也可用。
直接宾语也可以取两个(如例4),或两个以上。
谓语动词取了直接宾语就能表达完整的句意者叫做完全及物动词(Complete transitive verb)。
D.第四基本句型【例译】1.她的伯父昨天给了她一件很好的礼物。
2.请给我们一些吃的东西。
3.这位老师常给这些男、女生讲有趣的故事。
4.她的父亲上星期买了一只新的手表给他。
5.我的美国朋友比尔在几天前写了一封信给我。
解说本句型的谓语动词所发出的动作有两个对象,一为“人或动物等”,称为间接宾语,另一为“物或事”,称为直接宾语。
本句型也可以把“D.O.”置于“I.O.”之前表达如下:Her uncle gave a nice present to HER yesterday.His father bought a new watch for HIM last week.如上例所示,本句型即变为:至此我们可以明白,间接宾语实际上是介词的宾语,不过因为它间接地也是谓语动词所发出的动作的对象,所以称为间接宾语。
取间接宾语和直接宾语的谓语动词叫做授与动词(Dative verb)。
本句式在语序上以“I.O.+D.O.”较普通,尤其是“I.O.”为简短的一个名词或代词时,无论是对话或文体,通常都使用“I.O.+D.O.”。
所以通常应该说:Give the BOY something to eat.(给那男孩吃的东西。
)Make ME a cup of hot coffee, please.(请泡一杯热咖啡给我。
)而避免说:Give something to eat to the BOY.Make a cup of hot coffee for ME, please.“I.O.”置于“D.O.”之后时,介词或用“to”,或用“for”,通常都是由Vt.来决定,因此在学习过程中请随时注意。
E.第五基本句型【例译】1.他们都叫他“小胖”。
2.他使他的年老的母亲很快乐。
3.老师经常都要我们坐得端正。
4.你有办法发动这部汽车吗?解说本句型的“O.C.”是宾语补语。
那么什么是宾语补语?请观察例2如下的说明:He made his old mother(他使得他的年老的母亲)这个词群虽有主语、谓语动词和宾语,完全符合第三基本句型的条件,可是这个词群并没有表达完整的句意,所以不是句子。
如果在这个词群的宾语之后再加“very HAPPY”(如例2),那么句意就完整清楚了。
在这句里谁是“very HAPPY”?“He”or“mother”?当然是“mother”。
因此:定义置于宾语之后补充说明宾语者叫做宾语补语(Object Complement)。
谓语动词需取宾语补语才能完整清楚地表达其句意者称为不完全及物动词(Incomplete transitive verb)。
注:1.一般的英语词典对动词的标示只作“Vi.”或“Vt.”两种,至于“完全Vi.”,或“不完全Vi.”;“完全Vt.”或“不完全Vt.”则须自行判断了解。
2.绝大多数的动词都可以作“Vi.”或“Vt.”使用,但是所表达的语义却不相同。
例如:例:He can run very fast.(他能跑得很快。
—“run”是“Vi.”)He runs a department store in Beijing.(他在北京经营一家百货商店。
—“run”是Vt.)又同是“Vi.”,或同是“Vt.”,因其为“完全”或“不完全”也有不相同的语义。
例如:例:He believes that God is.(他相信上帝存在。
—“is”是完全“Vi.”)He is a Christian.(他是一个基督教徒。
—“is”是不完全“Vi.”)例:Can you make cakes?(你会做蛋糕吗?—“make”是完全“Vt.”)Our teacher sometimes makes us do our homework.(我们的老师有时候会强迫我们做课外作业。
—“make”是不完全的“Vt.”)3.由五个基本句型的解释我们可以了解,决定英语句子型式的要素是谓语动词,因此我们若要学好英语,必须对英语动词的表达功能有正确的认识和了解。
Drilling Square Vt.Ⅰ.请判断下列各句各属于哪一个基本句型。
1.Do you know her younger sister?2.I got home after dark yesterday.3.Bill always does very well at school.4.What pet do you keep?5.There were some students reading in the classroom then.6.Amy always helps her mother after school.7.Tom often makes his teacher angry.8.Did you see anyone go into that house?9.Helen looks very happy today.10.I was born in a little town in the south of Taiwan.Ⅱ.请阅读下列短文,然后判断底部加线的句子各属于哪一基本句型。
①One summer evening Newton(牛顿)sat quietly on a bench in the garden. ②An apple fell to the ground from a tree. He saw it and thought:③“Why did an apple fall?”④He studied very hard.⑤Later he found out the reason.⑥One day Newton sat at his desk.⑦He was studying very hard. His servant came into the room. ⑧He left an egg on his desk.⑨There was a watch on the desk.⑩Into the boiling water in the kettle Newton put the watch instead of the egg.。