会计英语复习汇总
会计的基本英语知识点汇总
会计的基本英语知识点汇总1. Introduction to Accounting会计简介Accounting is the systematic process of identifying, recording, measuring, classifying, summarizing, interpreting, and communicating financial information. It plays a crucial role in the management and decision-making processes of businesses and organizations.会计是一种系统性的流程，用于识别、记录、度量、分类、总结、解释和传达财务信息。
它在企业和组织的管理和决策过程中发挥着至关重要的作用。
2. Basic Accounting Principles基本会计原则There are several fundamental principles that underpin the field of accounting:有几个基本原则支撑着会计领域：a) Accrual Principle: This principle states that financial transactions should be recorded when they occur and not when the cash is received or paid out.应计原则：该原则规定财务交易应在其发生时记录，而不是在现金收到或支付时记录。
b) Matching Principle: This principle states that expenses should be recognized in the same accounting period as the revenues they help generate.配比原则：该原则规定支出应在与其相关的收入产生的同一会计期间内确认。
会计英语期末复习
会计英语期末复习一、判断题20题20分二、多项选择题10题20分三、名词解释5题15分四、汉译英20题20分五、会计实践操作25分名词解释1、A ccounting （会计）P3Accounting is an information system that identifies, records, and com muni cates releva nt, reliable, and comparable in formati on about an orga ni zati on 'bus in ess activities that can be expressed in mon etary terms.2、A ccrual Basis Accounting （权责发生制）P183、L iability （负债）P148Liabilities are defi ned as probable future sacrifices of econo mic ben efits arising from present obligations of a particular entity to transfer assets or provide services to other en tities in the future as a result of past tran sact ions or eve nts4、C apital Expenditure （资本性支出）P29Capital expe nditure are expe nditures expected to yield ben efits bey ond the curre nt acco unting period, that is, have future cash flows , and thus should be added to the pla nt and equipme nt or capital asset acco unt.5、M atchi ng prin ciple （配比原则）P26Matchi ng refers to the tim ing of recog niti on of reve nues and expe nses in the in come stateme nt. Un der this con cept, all expe nses in curred in earning reve nue should be recog ni zed in the same period the reve nue is recog ni zed.6、Substanee Over Form （实质重于形式）P3oSubsta nee over form requires that tran sacti ons and other eve nts are accounted for and presented in accordance with their substance and economic reality and not merely their legal form.汉译英真实性和公允性truth and fairness收付实现制cash basis of acco unting持续经营假设going concern assumpti on谨慎性原贝V con servatism资本性支出capital expe nditures配比原贝V matchi ng prin ciple临时性账户temporary acco unt经营成果operat ing results盈余公积surplus reserve 未分配利润un distributed profit银行对账单bank stateme nt应付票据no tes payable实质重于形式substa nee over form 货币计量假设mon etary un it assumpti on重要性原则materiality可变现净值net realizable value完工百分比法perce ntage-of-completi on method 会计主体假设separate en tity assumpti on交易与事项transactions and eve nts会计分期假设acco unting period assumpti on 会计循环acco un ti ng cycle多选题1.会计信息外部使用者有哪些？Suppliers, regulators, lawyers, brokers, the in vestors , le nders, non-executive directors2.资产负债表的构成项目（资产，负债，所有者权益）Assets, liabilities, owners 'equity3.现金流量表的构成项目（经营，投资，筹资）Operating, investing , financing activities4 •所有者权益变动表In vestors, capital reserve, surplus reserve,reta ined5.应收款项的分类Acco unts receivable, no tes receivable, other receivable6.存货的计价方法Specific ide ntificati on, average cost, first-i n first-out7.制造业企业存货的构成Raw materials, good in process of manufacture, fini shed goods8.固定资产折旧的方法press shareholders /un distributed profit first-out, last-i n6。
会计英语复习笔记
会计英语复习笔记单选10 题，书后⾯的，可能有的换⼀个数字三张报表第⼀章financial statementbalance sheet 填9个空会计等式第⼆章分录题，journal entries第三章closing entries 结账分录p79 4笔分录利润表的数字的结转利润、收⼊、费⽤-虚账户期末要结转A sole proprietorship独资企业Service revenue 劳动收⼊举例1、结转收⼊Sales revenue 1000Income summary 10002、结转费⽤Income summary 800Salary summary 200Supplies expense 300Interest expense 60Insurance expense 40Rent expense 70Depreciation 80Utilities expense 503、结转利润Income summery 200Capital 200以上是收⼊1000，为盈利；如收⼊600，为亏损，则1、2、相同，3、反做4、提取的分录Capital 150 Withdrawals 150Corporation (4笔分录)公司前2笔与上⾯的相同3、盈利Income summery 200Retained earnings 200如是亏了，做相反的分录4、宣布发放股利Retained earnings 150Cash dividend declare 150第三章试算平衡表、⼯作底稿不考第四章jurnal entries赊购赊销15笔左右三个discount1、trade discount 商业折扣2、purchase discount 购买折扣3、sales discount 现⾦折扣2/10 1/20 n/30举例分录如下Jan.1赊购purchase on account merchandise $2000 2/10 n/30 FOB. factory Merchandise inventory 2000Accounts payable 2000Jan.2 paid transportation charge $300 运费Merchandise inventory 300Cash 300Jan.3 return unacceptable goods $400 to suppliesAccounts payable 400Merchandise inventory 400Jan.11 paid the accounts payableAccounts payable 1600Cash 1568Merchandise inventory 32这⾥与中国的冲财务费⽤不⼀样总成本1568+300Jan.12 credit sale goods $1500 to a customer 3/10 n/30，Cost of the goods is $1000 Accounts receivable 1500Sales 1500Cost of goods sold 1000Merchandise inventory 1000Jan.15 customer return goods $600 (货是好的)Sales returns and allowances 600Accounts receivable 600Merchandise inventory 400(1000/1500*600)Cost of goods sold 400Jan.22 received a check form the customer to pay to A/PCash 873Sales discount 27(现⾦折扣3%)Accounts receivable 900Jan.31 Ending inventory on the account is $1200 .physical count the amount is $1150 (存货盘亏(英⽂) inventory shrinkage p117页)Cost of goods sold 50Merchandise inventory 50Jan.31 针对15⽇的退货(中国没有该分录)Sales 600Sales returns and allowances 600第五章bank reconciliation exercises 5-1 problem5-3难点在调整分录Bad debt p149 P5-5 备抵法Noting discounting 应收票据贴现第六章inventory estimation第七章depreciation E7-2 P7-1 直线法、双倍余额法，年数总法等Bank reconciliation p145Problem5-3 Cash 5440 Notes receivable 5000 Interest revenue 350 Accounts payable 90 Service charge 265 Accounts receivable 2700 Cash 2965第五章备抵法Income statement method Balance sheet method 应收账款余额法P5-5 4笔分录应收票据Apr.1 receive a note $3000 60天6% May.1贴现discounting the note 9%1\maturity value =3000*(1+6%*(60/360) )+3030 2\proceeds=maturity value –discounting interest =3030-3030*9%*(30/360) =3007.275Units Price AmountsJan.1balance 10 @ $10 $100Jan.5purchase 30 @ $11 $330Jan.10sold 20Jan.15purchase 40 @ $12 $480Jan.20sold 30Jan.30 purchase 20 @ $13 $260Total 100 $1170Jan.30 50 $1、FIFO：30×12＋20×13＝$6202、LIFO(periodic)：10×10＋30×11＋10×12＝$5503、LIFO(perpetual)：10×10＋10×11＋10×12＋20×13＝$5904、Weighed Average：(1170／100)×50＝$5856、Specific Identification:10×11＋20×12＋20×13 ＝$610。
会计英语复习资料
会计英语复习资料一．汉译英练习1.会计原则是每个会计人员在进行工作时必须遵守的规则。
2.编制会计分录是在会计期间经常要做的工作。
3.编制工作底稿是每个会计期末要做的工作。
4.实账户是负债表账户。
在月末，它们的余额应不被结平，而转入下一期。
5.虚账户是利润表账户。
在月末，它们的余额应结平，以便用来记录下一期的经营成果。
6.这个月费用很大，我们要查一下原因，分析一下有关经济业务。
7.如果销售商品时，若客户没有付现金，则这种销售被称为赊销。
8.赊销时，卖方会对卖方提出付款条件，这个条件被称为信用条件。
9.固定资产每月都必须计提折旧。
10.无形资产每月计提摊销。
11.企业外部的许多人关心企业的财务信息，而及时提供财务信息给他们是会计的工作。
12.财务报表是人们进行经营决策的依据之一。
13.我们必须准备足够的资金，这笔贷款下个月到期。
14.调整分录与结账分录必须计入日记账和分类账，否则账上的余额会与报表上数额不符。
15.在西方会计中，股份公司的权益科目与独资企业的权益科目是不同的。
16.销售商品的收入常被称为是销售收入。
17.本年利润是用于计算利润的账户，他与其他损益类科目一样，年末，都要被结平。
18.请给我看一下有关这个月应缴的税费的数据二．会计专业词汇练习会计词汇辨析（）Dividends （）Cash（）Inventory （）Accumulated depreciation（）Accounts receivable （）Interest payable（）Income taxes payable （）Owner’s capital（）Retained earnings （）Closing entry（）Journalizing （）Administrative expenses（）Cost of goods sold （）Net income（）Business transaction （）Unearned revenues（）Ending balance （）Financial expenses（）Prepaid expenses （）operating results（）Withdrawals （）Sales( ）Allowance for bad accounts （）Common stock（）Office supplies inventory （）long-term bonds investments （）Accounts payable （）Cash basis accounting （）Office equipments （）Posting（）Beginning balance （）Business transaction（）Trial balance （）Financial statements（）Selling expenses. （）Financial position（）Marketable securities ( ) paid in capital( ) operating equipments （）Notes payable( ) Short term investment ( ) Gain（）Extraordinary items （）Finished products（）Salary expenses （）Interest receivable（）Accrual basis accounting （）Income statements（）Adjusting entry （）Intangible assets( ) Source documents ( ) Gross sales( ) Purchase ( ) Fixed assets1.期末余额28. 坏账准备2.应付所得税29. 应收账款3.销售费用30. 主营业务收入4.业主资本31. 经营成果5.主营业务成本32 管理费用6.应付利息33 存货7.留存收益34 调整分录8.预收账款35 结账分录9.累计折旧36 权责发生制10.经济业务37 应付票据11.财务报表38 编制分录12.试算平衡39. 期初余额13.现金收付制40. 应付账款14.财务费用41. 净利润15.普通股42. 财务状况16.营业外收支项目43. 过账17.应收利息44 办公用品库存18.实收资本45. 办公设备19.库存46. 股利20.经营设备47. 业主提取21.利得48. 产成品22.待摊费用49. 交易性金融资产23.长期债券投资50. 短期投资24.无形资产51. 工资费用25.生产设备52销售总额26.原始凭证53 固定资产27.采购54. 工资费用三．英译汉１．Revenue is the price of goods sold and services rendered during a given accounting period. Earning revenue causes owner’s equity to increase. When a business renders services of sells merchandise to its customers, it usually receives cash or acquires an account receivable from the customer.２．To clearly identify the effects of the business operations on each of the accounting elements, it is necessary to transfer those records from journal to each corresponding books used for recording different accounting element. This transfer process is called “posting”.３．The journal is a day-by-day record of business transactions. The information recorded about each transaction includes the date of the transaction, the debit and credit changes in specific ledger accounts, and a brief explanation of the transaction.４．The things a business owns can be classified into five categories, which also called accounting elements, they are: assets, liabilities, owners' equity, revenues, and expenses. Every business transaction of the business may affect more than one of the above elements。
英文会计知识点总结归纳
英文会计知识点总结归纳IntroductionAccounting is a fundamental aspect of any business, as it involves the recording, analyzing, and reporting of financial transactions. It provides businesses with essential information to make informed decisions, assess their financial health, and comply with regulatory requirements. In this article, we will summarize and consolidate key accounting knowledge points that are crucial for understanding the principles and practices of accounting.1. Basics of Accounting1.1. Definition of AccountingAccounting is the process of recording, analyzing, and interpreting financial transactions of an organization. It provides a systematic and comprehensive record of all financial activities and enables the preparation of financial statements.1.2. Accounting EquationThe accounting equation, also known as the balance sheet equation, is a fundamental principle of accounting that states:Assets = Liabilities + EquityThis equation represents the relationship between a company's assets, liabilities, and equity, and must always remain in balance.1.3. Types of AccountingThere are several types of accounting, including financial accounting, management accounting, cost accounting, and tax accounting. Each type serves a specific purpose and audience, such as external stakeholders, internal management, and regulatory authorities.2. Financial Statements2.1. Balance SheetThe balance sheet is a financial statement that provides a snapshot of a company's financial position at a specific point in time. It lists the company's assets, liabilities, and equity, and is used to assess its solvency and liquidity.2.2. Income StatementThe income statement, also known as the profit and loss statement, summarizes a company's revenues and expenses over a specific period. It provides insights into the company's profitability and performance.2.3. Cash Flow StatementThe cash flow statement tracks the inflow and outflow of cash within an organization. It categorizes cash flows into operating, investing, and financing activities, and helps assess the company's ability to generate cash and meet its obligations.3. Principles of Accounting3.1. Accrual Basis vs. Cash Basis AccountingAccrual basis accounting recognizes revenues and expenses when they are incurred, regardless of when cash is exchanged. Cash basis accounting, on the other hand, records transactions only when cash is received or paid. Accrual basis accounting provides a more accurate representation of a company's financial performance.3.2. Matching PrincipleThe matching principle requires that expenses be recognized in the same period as the revenues to which they relate. This principle ensures that a company's financial statements accurately reflect its profitability.3.3. Revenue RecognitionRevenue recognition dictates when and how revenue should be recorded in a company's financial statements. It is crucial for determining a company's financial performance and must adhere to generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP).4. Assets and Liabilities4.1. Types of AssetsAssets are resources owned by a company and can be categorized into current assets (e.g., cash, inventory) and non-current assets (e.g., property, plant, and equipment). Understanding the nature and value of an organization's assets is vital for assessing its financial health.4.2. Types of LiabilitiesLiabilities represent an organization's obligations to outside parties and can include accounts payable, long-term debt, and accrued expenses. Managing and tracking liabilities is crucial for maintaining financial stability.5. Internal Controls5.1. Importance of Internal ControlsInternal controls are processes and procedures that a company implements to safeguard its assets, ensure accuracy in financial reporting, and comply with regulations. They help prevent fraud, errors, and mismanagement of funds.5.2. Segregation of DutiesSegregation of duties involves dividing responsibilities among different individuals to prevent the occurrence of fraud and errors. It ensures that no single individual has control over critical financial processes.6. Auditing6.1. Purpose of AuditingAuditing is the process of examining a company's financial statements and accounting records to ensure accuracy, integrity, and compliance with laws and regulations. It provides independent assurance to stakeholders regarding the company's financial performance.6.2. Types of AuditsThere are different types of audits, such as external audits conducted by independent accounting firms, internal audits performed by a company's internal audit department, and government audits carried out by regulatory agencies.7. Taxation7.1. Tax PlanningTax planning involves the structuring of financial activities to minimize tax liabilities within the boundaries of the law. It requires an in-depth understanding of tax laws, regulations, and incentives.7.2. Tax Deductions and CreditsUnderstanding tax deductions and credits is essential for businesses to optimize their tax positions and reduce their tax burden. Deductions lower taxable income, while credits directly reduce the amount of tax owed.8. Financial Analysis8.1. Ratio AnalysisRatio analysis involves the use of financial ratios to evaluate a company's performance, liquidity, solvency, and efficiency. Common ratios include profitability ratios, liquidity ratios, and leverage ratios.8.2. Trend AnalysisTrend analysis involves comparing financial data over different periods to identify patterns, changes, and potential areas for improvement. It helps in assessing a company's financial health and predicting future performance.ConclusionAccounting is a critical aspect of business that provides insights into an organization's financial performance, health, and compliance. Understanding the basics of accounting, financial statements, principles, assets and liabilities, internal controls, auditing, taxation, and financial analysis is essential for business owners, managers, and financial professionals to make informed decisions and ensure the financial success of their organizations. By consolidating and summarizing these key accounting knowledge points, individuals can gain a comprehensive understanding of the principles and practices of accounting.。
会计英语知识点汇总
会计英语知识点汇总会计英语是指与会计相关的英语词汇、表达方式以及专业术语。
随着国际间经济交流的日益频繁和全球化进程的加快，掌握会计英语成为了很多专业人士的必备技能。
本文将梳理一些常见的会计英语知识点，以帮助读者更好地理解和运用这些术语。
一、财务报表1. Balance Sheet（资产负债表）：用于反映企业在特定日期的资产、负债和所有者权益的情况。
2. Income Statement（利润表）：反映企业在一定期间内的收入、费用和净利润。
3. Cash Flow Statement（现金流量表）：按照企业的经营、投资和筹资活动分类，反映现金的流入和流出。
4. Statement of Retained Earnings（留存收益表）：展示企业在一定期间内的净利润留存情况。
二、会计核算1. Accounting Equation（会计等式）：Assets（资产）= Liabilities（负债）+ Owner's Equity（所有者权益），反映了企业财务状况的基本平衡关系。
2. Depreciation（折旧费用）：用于反映资产价值随时间的减少。
3. Accrual Accounting（权责发生制）：将收入和费用与实际发生的时间匹配，而非支付和收入的时间。
4. Double-entry Bookkeeping（复式记账法）：每笔交易必须同时记录借方和贷方的金额。
5. Financial Ratios（财务比率）：用于分析企业财务状况和经营绩效的指标，包括盈利能力、杠杆比率、偿债能力等。
三、财务分析1. Liquidity（流动性）：反映企业偿付短期债务的能力。
2. Solvency（偿债能力）：反映企业偿付长期债务的能力。
3. Profitability（盈利能力）：反映企业获取利润的能力。
4. Efficiency（效率）：反映企业运营资源利用的程度。
5. DuPont Analysis（杜邦分析）：将利润率、资产周转率和资本结构相互关联，分析企业绩效因素。
会计专业英语复习资料
Post test 1 基本概念1. Things of value owned by an entity: assets Money: cashClaims of creditors: liabilitiesClaims of investors: equity2. 2 types of sources of funds：Stronger claim: liabilitiesLesser claim: equity3. A balance sheet reports the status of an entity ....ata point of time.4. Give the fundamental accounting equation: Assets = Liabilities + Equity5. The above equation is consistent with what concept?: Dual-aspect concept6. Money-measurement concept states that accounting reports only facts that can be expressed in monetary amounts.7. A balance sheet does not report all the facts abouta business. What concept limits the amount or type of information that can be reported? Money-measurement concept8. Brown Company has 10000 dollar cash. Its owner withdraws 100 dollars for his own use. The owner is (no better or worse off) than he was before. Brown company now has (less) cash. The fact that this event affects the owner differently than it affects the company is an illustration of the entity concept.9. The entity concept states that accounts are kept for entities as distinguished from the persons who own those entities.11. The going-concern concept is: Accounting assumes that an entity will continue to operate indefinitely.12. The asset-measurement concept is: if reliable information is available, accounting focuses on the fair value of assets. Nonmonetary assets are reported at their original cost.13. An item can be reported as an asset if it passes 3 of the following: item is valuable, item was acquired at a measurable cost, item is owned or controlled by the entity.14. Goodwill is a favorable name or reputation purchased by the entity.15. An asset is classified as current if it is cash or is expected to be converted into cash in the near future, usually within one year.16. A liability is classified as current if it becomes due in the near future, usually within one year.17. Marketable securities are current assets. Investments are noncurrent assets.19. An insurance policy paid in advance of the time period covered is an example of a prepaid expense.20. A building, an item of equipment, and an automobile may all be examples of plant and property.21.Parker Company operates a furniture store. On December 31,2005,it had 30 desks that it was holding for sale. These would be reported as inventory. The desk that is used by the president of Parker Company would be reported as plant and property.22.Fox Company sold $1,000 of goods on credit to Golden Company. This would be recorded as an account receivable of Fox Company and as an account payable of Golden Company.23. Indicate whether the following statements about the balance sheet of a corporation are true or false:a. Assets list all the valuable things owned bythe entity----Fb. The amount reported for the paid-in capitalitem is approximately the fair value of the stock-----Fc. The amount reported for total equity isapproximately the fair value of the corporation’sstock---Fd. Total equities (also called “net worth”) showapproximately what the entity is worth.----Fe. Retained earnings is the amount of cashretained in the entity.-----FPost test 2 资产负债表的变更：收入的核算1.On January 2, John Brown started the BrownCompany. In January, Brown Company did thefollowing things:a. It received $5,000 cash from John Brown asits capital.b. It borrowed $10,000 from a bank, giving anote therefor.c. It purchased $4,000 of inventory for cash.d. It sold $2,000 of its inventory for $6,000 to acustomer, who paid $3,500 cash and agreed to pay$2,500 within 30 days.e. It purchased an auto for $7,000. It paid$2,000 down and gave a note to the automobiledealer for the remaining $5,000f. Brown withdrew $1,000 cash for his personaluse.g. Brown was offered $10,000 for his equity inthe business, but he refused the offer.On a separate piece of paper, prepare a roughdraft of a balance sheet for Brown Company as of theclose to business January 31, and an incomestatement for January.Brown CompanyBalance Sheet as of Jan31AssetsCash……………………………………$11,500Accounts Receivable…………………2,500Inventory………………………………….2,000Automobile………………………………7,000Total………………………………………$23,000Liabilities and EquityNotes Payable………………………$15,000Paid-in Capital…………………………5,000Retained Earnings……………………3,000Total……………………………………$23,000Brown CompanyIncome Statement for January Revenue...........................$6,000Expense ...........................$2,000Income ............................$4,0002.Brown Company's income was $4,000, but itsRetained Earnings was only $3,000. Reread the firstframe and choose the item (a-g) that explains thedifference. f3.John Brown claims that the inventory as of January31 is worth $6,000, as shown by the fact thatinventory costing $2,000 was actually sold for $6,000.Would you change the balance sheet ?...(No). This isan illustration of the asset-measurement concept.Nonmonetary assets are reported at their cost ratherthan their worth or fair value.Post test 3 会计记录和系统1. On March 5, Kay Company purchased $6,000 ofinventory, paying cash. Prepare a journal entry forthis transaction below.Journal2001 Transactions Dr. Cr.March 5Inventory6,000Cash6,0002. On March 10, Kay Company made a $15,000 sale toa customer who paid $6,000 cash and agreed to payto the other $9,000 in 30 days. The merchandise soldhad cost $8,000. Prepare a journal entry for the sale,below.Journal2001 Transactions Dr. Cr.March 10Cash6,000Accounts Receivable9,000Revenues15,0003. On March 10, Kay Company made a sale for$15,000 for merchandise that had cost $8,000.Prepare a journal entry to record the cost of the salebelow.Journal2001 Transactions Dr. Cr.March 10 Expenses8,000Inventory8,0004. Recall from the previous frames that revenuesfrom the sale on March 10 were $15,000 and that themerchandise sold had cost $8,000. Prepare theclosing entries.Journal2005 Transactions Dr. Cr.March 31Revenues15,000Retained earnings15,000March 31Retained earnings8,000Expenses8,0005-10. Omit11.A critic said that the company had $25,000 cash atthe beginning of March and $25,000 at the end ofMarch, and since its cash balance was unchanged, itcouldn't be said to have any income in March. Thiscriticism is (incorrect).12.The reason the criticism is incorrect is becauseincome is an increase in retained earnings, notnecessarily in cash. For example, the sales revenue ofKay Company in March was $15,000 and its incomewas $7,000 even though $9,000 was received in cash.Post test 4 营业收入和货币资产1. The conservation concept states that increases inequity are recognized only when they are reasonablycertain, while decreases in equity are recognized assoon as they are reasonably possible.2. The materiality concept states: disregard trivialmatters but disclose all important matters.3. What is the length of the usual accounting period?One year. Financial statements prepared for shorterperiods are called interim statements.4. Cash accounting reports items that increase ordecrease cash. Accrual accounting reports items thatchange equity or retained earnings, even thoughthese changes may not affect cash.5. Increases in equity associated with the entity’soperations during a period are revenues, anddecreases are expenses. The difference betweenthem is labeled income.6. The realization concept states that revenues are recognized when goods or services are delivered.7. H Company manufactures a table in August and places it in its retail store in September. R Smith, a customer, agrees to buy the table in October, it is delivered to him in November, and he pays the bill in December. In what month is the revenue is recognized? (November)8. The receipt of cash is a debit to Cash. What is the offsetting credit and (type of account) for the following types of sales transactions?Account Crediteda. Cash received prior to delivery. Advances from customers (a liability)b. Cash received in same period as delivery. Revenuec. Cash received after the period of delivery. Accounts receivable (an asset)9.Similarly, revenue is a credit entry. What is the offsetting debit when revenue is recognized in each of these periods?Account Debiteda. Revenue recognized prior to receipt of cash. Accounts receivableb. Revenue recognized in same period as receipt of cash. Cashc. Revenue recognized in the period following receipt of cash. Advances from customers10.In February, H Company agrees to sell a table to a customer for $600, and the customer makes a down payment of $100 at that time. The cost of the table is $400. The table is delivered to the customer in March, and the customer pays the remaining $500 in April. Give the journal entries (if any) that would be made in February, March, and April for both the revenue and expense aspects of this transaction. February:Cash100Advances from customers100March:Accounts receivable500Advances from customers100Revenue600March:Expenses400Inventory400April:Cash500Accounts receivable50011.At the end of 2005, M Company had accounts receivable of $200,000, and it estimated that $2,000 of this amount was a bad debt. Its revenue in 2005, with no allowance for the bad debts, was $600,000. A. What account should be debited for the $2,000 bad debt? RevenueB. What account should be credited? Allowance for doubtful accountsC. What amount would be reported as net accounts receivable on the balance sheet? $198,000D. What amount would be reported as revenue on the 2005 income statement? $598,00012.In 2006, the $2,000 of bad debt was written off.A. What account should be debited for this written off? Allowance for doubtful accountsB. What account should be credited? AccountsreceivablePost test 5 费用的核算；损益表1. An expenditure occurs in the period in which goodsor services are acquired. An expense occurs in theperiod in which goods or services are consumed.2. A certain asset was acquired in May. There wastherefore an expenditure in May. At the end of May,the item was either on hand, or it was not. If it wason hand, it was an asset; If it was not on hand, it wasan expense in May.3. Productive assets are unexpired costs. Expensesare expired costs.4. The matching concept states that costs associatedwith the revenues of a period are expenses of thatperiod.5. Expenses of a period consist of:a. costs of the goods and services delivered duringthat period.b. other expenditures that benefit operations ofthe period.c. losses6. If Brown company pays rent prior to the periodthat the rent covers, the amount is initially reportedas credit to cash and a debit to Prepaid Rent, which isan asset account. If Brown Company pays the rentafter the period covered, the amount is initiallyrecorded as a debit to Rent Expense and a credit toAccrued Rent, which is a liability account.7. A brand new machine owned by Fay Company wasdestroyed by fire in 2005. It was uninsured. It hasbeen purchased for $10,000 with the expectationthat it would be useful for 5 years. The expenserecorded in 2005 should be $10,000.8. Gross margin is the difference between salesrevenue and cost of sales.9. gross margin percentage: (gross margin)/(salesrevenue)10. The difference between revenues and expenses inan accounting period (or the amount by which equity[i.e., retained earnings] increased from operatingactivities during the period) is called net income.11. A distribution of earnings to shareholders is calleddividends(股利).12. retained earnings at the end of the period=retained earnings at the beginning of the period + netincome–dividends.Post test 6 存货和销售成本1. A dealer sells a television set for $800 cash. It hadcost $600. Write journal entries for the four accountsaffected by this transaction.Dr. Cash800Cr. Revenue800Dr. Cost of Sales600Cr. Inventory6002. When using the perpetual inventory method (永续盘存), a record is kept for each item, showingreceipts, issues, and the amount on hand.3. Write an equation that shows how the cost of salesis determined by deduction:Cost of sales = beginning inventory+purchases –ending inventory4.Omit5.In periods of inflation, many companies use theLIFO method in calculating their taxable incomebecause LIFO gives a higher cost of sales and hence alower taxable income.6. A company discovers that the fair value of itsinventory is $1000 lower than its cost. What journalentry should it take?Dr. Cost of Sales1,000Cr. Inventory1,0007. In a manufacturing business, what three elementsenter into the cost of a manufactured item?Direct material, direct labor, and overhead.8. Period costs become an expense during the periodin which they were incurred.9. Product costs become an expense during theperiod in which the products were sold.10. One type of overhead rate involves use of thetotal direct labor costs and total production overheadcosts for a period. Write a ratio that shows how theoverhead rate is calculated.(Total production overhead costs)/(Total directlabor costs)11. A given finished item requires $50 of directmaterials and 5 hours of direct labor at $8 per hour.The overhead rate is $4 per direct labor hour. At whatamount would the finished item be shown ininventory? $110 = 50 + 40 + 2012. An inventory turnover of 5 is generally better thanan inventory turnover of 4 because it indicates thatless capital is tied up in inventory, and there is lessrisk that the inventory will become obsolete.Post test 7 非流动资产和折旧1. The amount at which a new plant asset is recordedin the accounts includes its purchase price plus allcosts incurred to make the asset ready for itsintended use (such as transportation andinstallation).2. A plant asset is acquired in 2005. It is expected tobe worn out at the end of 10 years and to becomeobsolete in five years. What is its service life? ---Fiveyears.3. Ordinarily, land is not depreciated because itsservice life is indefinitely long.4.A plant asset is acquired in 2005 at a cost of $20000.Its estimated service life is 10 years, and its estimatedresidual value is $2000 :a. The estimated depreciable cost of the asset is$18,000b. If the straight-line depreciation method is used,the depreciation rate for this asset is 10 percent.c. What amount will be recorded as depreciationexpense in each year of the asset’s life?---$1,800d. What amount will be debited and what accountwill be credited to record this depreciation expense?Dr. Depreciation expenseCr. Accumulated depreciatione. After five years have elapsed, how would thisasset be reported on the balance sheet?1) Plant------$20,0002) Less accumulated depreciation-------$9,0003) Book value-------$11,0005. A machine is purchase on January 2, 2005, for$20,000 and its has an expected life of five years andno estimated residual value.a. If the a machine is still in use six years later, what amount of depreciation expense will be reported in for the sixth year?----zerob. What amount, if any, will be reported on the balance sheet at the end of the sixth year?1) It will not be reported.-----X2) It will be reported as follows:Machine$20,000Accumulated depreciation$20,000Book value$06. A machine is purchase on January 2, 2005, for $50,000. It has an expected service life for 10 years and no residual value. Eleven years later it is sold for $3,000 cash.a. There will be a gain of $3,000b. What account will be debited and what account credited to record this amount?Dr. CashCr. Gain on disposition of assets.7. Given an example of each of the following types of assets, and give the name of the process used in writing off the cost of the second and third type. Asset type\Example\Write-off processPlant Asset\m achine, b uilding\Depreciation Wasting asset\c oal, o il ,m inerals\Depletion Intangible asset\g oodwill, t rademark \Amortization 8. Conoil Company purchased a producing oil property for $10,000,000 on January 2, 2005. It estimated that the property contained one million barrels of oil and that the property had a service life of 20 years. In 2005, 40,000 barrels of oil were recovered from the property. What amount should be charged as an expense in 2005?------$400,0009. Wasting assets and intangible assets are reported on the balance sheet in a different way than building, equipment, and similar plant assets. The difference is that wasting assets are reported at the net amount and plant assets are reported at cost, accumulated depreciation, and net amount.10. In calculating its taxable income, a company tries to report its income as low as it can. In calculating its financial accounting income, a company tries to report its income as fairly as it can.11. As compared with straight-line depreciation, accelerated depreciation writes off more depreciation in the early years of an asset’s life and less in the later years. Over the whole life of asset, accelerated depreciation writes off the same total cost as straight-line depreciation.12. Companies usually use accelerated depreciation in tax accounting because it reduces taxable income and hence income tax in the early years.13. Assume an income tax rate of 40%. If a company calculated its financial accounting income (before income taxes) in 2005 as $6 million and its taxable income as$4 million, what amount would it report as income tax expense on its 2005 income statement?----$2,400,00014. Fill in the missing name on the following table:Income tax expense $100,000Income tax paid -60,000Deferred income tax$ 40,000 The $40,000 would be reported on the balance sheet as a liability.。
《会计专业英语》期末复习资料
《会计英语》复习资料二、单项选择（红字为正确答案）：Financial reports are used byd. all of the above1. For accounting purposes, the business entity should be considered separate from its owners if the entity is（）d. all of the above2. Which of the following best describes accounting?b. is an information system that provides reports to stakeholders3. Using accrual accounting, expenses are recorded and reported onlya. when they are incurred, whether or not cash is paid4. The measurement bases exclude( )c. Sale price5. Debts owed by a business are referred to as（）d. liabilities6. Which of the following financial statements reports information as of a specific date?c. balance sheet7. Cash investments made by the owner to the business are reported on the statement of cash flows in thea. financing activities section8. The accounting equation may be expressed asd. Assets - Liabilities = Owner's Equity9. Which of the following groups of accounts have a normal credit balance?a. revenues, liabilities, capital10. Which of the following groups of accounts have a normal debit balance?d. assets, expenses11. Which of the following types of accounts have a normal credit balance?c. revenues and liabilities12. In the accounting cycle, the last step is（）a. preparing a post-closing trial balance13. Which of the following should not be considered cash by an accountant?c. postage stamps14. A bank reconciliation should be prepared periodically because （）c. any differences between the depositor's records and the bank's recordsshould be determined, and any errors made by either party should bediscovered and corrected15. The amount of the outstanding checks is included on the bank reconciliation as a(n) （）c. deduction from the balance per bank statement16. The asset created by a business when it makes a sale on account is termedc. accounts receivable17. What is the type of account and normal balance of Allowance for Doubtful Accounts?a. Contra asset, credit18. The term "inventory" indicates （）d. both A and B19. Merchandise inventory at the end of the year was understated. Which of the following statements correctly states the effect of the error?a. net income is understated20.Merchandise inventory at the end of the year is overstated. Which of the following statements correctly states the effect of the error?b. owner's equity is overstated21.The inventory method that assigns the most recent costs to cost of good sold isb. LIFO22.Under which method of cost flows is the inventory assumed to be composed of the most recent costs?b. first-in, first-out23. When the perpetual inventory system is used, the inventory sold is debited to ( )b. cost of merchandise sold24．All of the following below are needed for the calculation of depreciation exceptd. book value25. A characteristic of a fixed asset is that it isb. used in the operations of a business26. Accumulated Depreciation ( )c. is a contra asset account27. The two methods of accounting for investments in stock are the cost method and the （）b. equity method28. A capital expenditure results in a debit to （）d. an asset account29. Current liabilities are（）d. due and payable within one year30. The debt created by a business when it makes a purchase on account is referred to as anb. account payable31. Notes may be issued （）d. all of the above32.The cost of a product warranty should be included as an expense in thec. period of the sale of the product33. If the market rate of interest is 8%, the price of 6% bonds paying interest semiannually witha face value of $100,000 will bec. Less than $100,00034. The interest rate specified in the bond indenture is called the （）b. contract rate35. When the corporation issuing the bonds has the right to repurchase the bonds prior to the maturity date for a specific price, the bonds ared. callable bonds36. When the market rate of interest on bonds is higher than the contract rate, the bonds will sell atd. a discount37. One potential advantage of financing corporations through the use of bonds rather than common stock isc. the interest expense is deductible for tax purposes by the corporation38. Characteristics of a corporation include （）d. shareholders who have limited liability39. Stockholders' equity （）c. includes retained earnings and paid-in capital40. The excess of issue price over par of common stock is termed a(n) （）d. premium41. Cash dividends are usually not paid on which of the following?c. treasury stock42. Which of the following accounts below is reported in the paid-in capital/stockholders' equity section of the corporate balance sheet?d. Preferred Stock43. If preferred stock has dividends in arrears, the preferred stock must bed. convertible44. The primary purpose of a stock split is tob. reduce the market price of the stock per share45. Which statement below is not a reason for a corporation to buy back its own stock.d. to increase the shares outstanding46. The liability for a dividend is recorded on which of the following dates?d. the date of declaration47. In credit terms of 2/10, n/30, the "2" represents thed. percent of the cash discount48. Revenue should be recognized when（）b. the service is performed49. The ability of a business to pay its debts as they come due and to earn a reasonable amount of income is referred to as （）b. solvency and profitability50. Which of the following is not included in the computation of the quick ratio?a. inventory四、问答题：3．Differentiate between financial accounting and managerial accounting.财务会计与管理会计的区别。
英文会计知识点总结
英文会计知识点总结1. Accrual basis accounting vs. cash basis accountingAccrual basis accounting records revenues and expenses when they are incurred, regardless of when the cash is received or paid. This method provides a more accurate representation of a company's financial performance as it reflects all economic transactions, not just cash transactions. On the other hand, cash basis accounting records revenues and expenses only when cash is exchanged, which may not provide an accurate reflection of the company's financial position.2. Revenue recognitionRevenue recognition refers to the process of recording revenue when it is earned, regardless of when the cash is received. This principle is important as it ensures that revenue is recognized in the period in which it is earned, providing a more accurate picture of a company's financial performance. There are specific criteria that must be met for revenue to be recognized, including evidence of an arrangement, delivery of goods and services, and collectability of payment.3. Matching principleThe matching principle states that expenses should be recorded in the same period as the revenues they helped generate. This principle ensures that expenses are properly matched with the revenues they helped produce, leading to a more accurate representation of a company's profitability.4. Materiality conceptThe materiality concept states that financial information should be disclosed if omitting it could influence the decision-making process of users. This concept allows for a certain degree of judgment in financial reporting, as not all information needs to be disclosed if it is not material to users' decision making.5. Going concern conceptThe going concern concept assumes that a company will continue to operate in the foreseeable future. This concept is important as it allows for the preparation of financial statements under the assumption that the company will continue its operations, which is crucial for making informed investment and business decisions.6. Consistency principleThe consistency principle states that accounting methods and practices should be consistent from one period to the next. This principle ensures comparability of financial information across different periods, facilitating the analysis of a company's financial performance over time.7. Conservatism principleThe conservatism principle requires accountants to be conservative in their approach to recording and reporting financial information. This means that when faced with uncertainty, accountants should be cautious and avoid overstating assets or revenue, while also recognizing all potential liabilities and expenses. This principle ensures that financial statements are not overly optimistic and reflect a more realistic view of a company's financial position.8. Relevance and reliability of financial informationFinancial information should be both relevant and reliable. Relevant information is important for decision making and helps users understand a company's financial position and performance. Reliable information is information that is accurate and can be trusted by users to make informed decisions.9. Objectivity in financial reportingObjectivity in financial reporting is crucial in ensuring that financial information is free from bias and is based on verifiable evidence. This principle ensures that financial statements accurately represent a company's financial performance and position, leading to greater trust and confidence from users.These key accounting concepts and principles provide the foundation for understanding the discipline of accounting and are essential for producing accurate and reliable financial information. By following these principles, businesses can ensure that their financial reporting is not only compliant with accounting standards but also serves the needs of users in making informed decisions.。
会计英语复习资料
会计英语复习资料会计英语期末复习资料⼀、单词1.accounting 会计学2.accounting elements 会计要素3.accounting equation 会计等式4.assets 资产5.liabilities 负债6.owner`s equity 所有者权益7.revenue 收⼊8.expenses 费⽤9.profits 利润10.accounting period 会计期间11.transaction 经济业务/会计事项12.double-entry system 复式记账法13.debit 借⽅14.credit 贷⽅15.ledger 分类账16.chart of accounts 会计科⽬表17.journal ⽇记账18.current assets 流动资产19.cash 现⾦20.cash equivalents 现⾦等价物21.check ⽀票22.bank deposits 银⾏存款23.cash in bank 银⾏存款24.money orders 汇票25.cash on band 库存现⾦26.accounts receivable 应收账款27.allowance for bad debts 坏账准备/doc/be38e1fd80eb6294dd886c5c.html realizable value 可变现净值29.inventory 存货30.finished goods 产成品31.semi-finished goods 半成品32.goods in process 在产品33.historical cost 历史成本34.specific identification 个别计价法35.first-in, first-out 先进先出法/doc/be38e1fd80eb6294dd886c5c.html st-in, first-out 后进先出法37.weighted average 加权平均法38.raw materials 原材料39.short-term investment 短期投资40.marketable securities 有价证券41.shareholder 股东42.bonds 债券43.debentures 债券44.long-term assets 长期资产45.fixed assets 固定资产46.intangible assets ⽆形资产47.deferred assets 递延资产/doc/be38e1fd80eb6294dd886c5c.html eful life 使⽤寿命49.depreciation 折旧50.depreciable amount 应计折旧额51.depreciation method 折旧⽅法52.estimated net residual value 预计净残值53.straight-line method 直线法54.units of production method ⼯作量法55.double declining balance method 双倍余额递减法56.sum-of-the-years-digits method 年数总和法57.amortization 摊销58.impairment 减值59.current liabilities 流动负债60.accounts payable 应付账款61.notes payable 应付票据62.unearned revenue 预收账款63.income taxes payable 应交所得税64.contingent liabilities 或有负债65.long-term liabilities 长期负债66.bonds payable 应付债券67.ownership 所有权68.sole proprietorship 独资企业69.partnership 合伙企业70.corporation 公司/doc/be38e1fd80eb6294dd886c5c.html mon shareholders 普通股股东72.preferred shareholders 优先股股东/doc/be38e1fd80eb6294dd886c5c.html mon stock 普通股74.preferred stock 优先股75.dividends 股利76.retained earnings 留存收益77.paid-in capital 实收资本78.capital stock 股本79.addtional paid-in capital 附加投⼊资本80.capital surplus 资本公积81.undistributed profit 未分配利润82.par value ⾯值83.fair value 公允价值84.reserve fund 盈余公积85.legal reserve 法定盈余86.stock split 股利分割87.cash dividends 现⾦股利88.stock dividends 股票股利89.sales revenue 销售收⼊90.service revenue 劳务收⼊91.product costs 产品成本92.direct material costs 直接材料成本93.direct labor costs 直接⼈⼯成本94.indirect costs 间接成本95.manufacturing overhead 制造费⽤96.period expenses 期间费⽤97.operating expense 营业费⽤98.administrative expense 管理费⽤99.finance expense 财务费⽤100.balance sheet 资产负债表101.income statement 利润表/损益表102.cash flow statement 现⾦流量表⼆、填空1. The accounting elements include , , , , , and .2. Liabilities are of a business.3. Borrowing cash from a bank does not belong to ; it simply belongs to liability.4. Profit is the of revenue over expenses for the accounting period.5. The accounting equation is : = + .6.“Dr.” stands for debits ,while “Cr.” is the abbreviation for .7. Liability, owner`s equity, revenue and profit decreases are recorded as .8. Short-term investments refer to various of .9. Marketable securities include and to be realized within one year from the balance sheet date and shall be accounted for at cost.10. Depreciation refers to the systematic allocation of the of a fixed asset over its useful life.11. The four common depreciation methods are .12. shall be employed when it is assumed that an asset`s economic revenue is the same each year, and the repair and maintenance cost is also the same for each period.13. When depreciation is mainly due to wear and tear, are usually used.14. The two types of intangible assets are finite and intangibles.15. Please name five most commonly seen intangibles , i.e., , , , , and .16. Intangible assets do not include internally generated , and .17. Intangible assets should be measured initially at .18. For intangible assets with finite useful lives enterprises shall consider their while intangible assets with indefinite useful lives shall not be amortized.19. The account of should be decreased when the service paid for in advancehas been provided.20. The account of should be recorded when the business purchased supplies on credit.21. The account of used to show what the business owes the bank.22. A corporation`s balance sheet contains assets, liabilities, and .23. and are the two common capital stocks issued by a corporation.24. and are the usual forms of distribution to share holders.25. A is a proportional distribution to shareholders of additional shares of the corporation`s common or preferred stocks.26. represents the corporation`s accumulated net income, less accumulated dividends and other amounts transferred to paid-in capital accounts.三、单选1. Matching each of the following statements with its poper term.(1) accounts receivable ( )(2) dishonored notes receivable ( )(3) allowance method ( )(4) direct write-off method ( )A. The method of accounting for un-collectible accounts that provides an expense for un-collectible receivables in advance of their write-off.B. A receivable created by selling merchandise or service on credit.C. A note that maker fails to pay on the due date.D. The method of accounting for un-collectible accounts that recognizes the expense only when accounts are judged to be worthless.2. At the end of the fiscal year, accounts receivable has a balance of $100000 and allowance for doubtful accounts has a balance of $7000, The expected net realizable value of the accounts receivable is ( )A. $7000B. $93000C. $100000D. $1070003. If merchandise inventory is being valued at cost and the price level is steadily rising, the method of costing that will yield the higher net income is ( )A.LIFOB.FIFOC.AverageD.Periodic4. Given the following information, which of the following accounting transactions is true?( )Gross payroll $20000Federal income tax withheld $4000Social security tax withheld $1600A. $1600 is recorded as salary expense.B. $14400 is recorded as salary payableC. The $1600 deducted for employee social security tax belongs to the companyD. Payroll is an example of an estimated liability5.If a corporation has outstanding 1000 shares of $9 cumulative preferred stock of $100 par and dividends have been passed for the preceding three years, what is the amount of preferred dividends that must be declared in the current year before a dividend can be declared on common stock?( )A. $9000B. $27000C. $36000D. $450006. All of the following are reasons for purchasing treasury stock except to ( )A. make a market for the stockB. increase the number of shareholdersC. increase the earnings per share and return on equityD. give employee as compensation7. Paid-in capital for a corporation may arise from which of the following sources?( )A. Issuing cumulative preferred stockB. Receiving donations of real estateC. Selling the corporation`s treasury stockD. All of the above8. Under the equity method, the investment account is decreased by all of the following except the investor`s proportionate share of ( )A. dividends paid by the investeeB. declines in the fair value of the investmentC. the losses of the investeeD. all of the options9. Cash dividends are paid on the basis of the number of shares ( )A. authorizedB. issuedC. OutstandingD. outstanding less the number of treasury shares10. The stockholders` equity section of the balance sheet may include ( )A. common stockB. preferred stockC. donated capitalD. all of the above11. Declaration and issuance of a dividend in stock ( )A. increases the current ratioB. decreases the amount of working capitalC. decreases total stockholders` equityD. has no effect on total assets, liabilities, or stockholders` equity12. If a corporation reacquires its own stock, the stock is listed on the balance sheet in the ( )A. current assets sectionB. long term liability sectionC. stockholders` equity sectionD. investments section13. A corporation has issued 25000 shares of $100 par common stock and holds 3000 of these shares as treasury stock. If the corporation declares a $2 per share cash dividend, what amount will be recorded as cash dividend?( )A. $22000B. $2500014. A company declared a cash dividend on its common stock on December 15, 2004, payable on January 12, 2005. How would this dividend affect shareholders` equity on the following dates? ( ) December 15, January 122004 2005A. Decrease. Decrease.B. No effect. No effect.C. No effect. No effect.D. Decrease. Decrease.15. An example of a cash flow from an operating activity is ( )A. the receipt of cash from issuing stockB. the receipt of cash from issuing bondsC. the payment of cash for dividendsD. the receipt of cash from customers on account16. An example of a cash flow from an investing activity is ( )A. the receipt of cash from the sale of equipmentB. the receipt of cash from issuing bondsC. the payment of cash for dividendsD. the payment of cash to acquire treasury stock17. An example of a cash flow from a financing activity is ( )A. the receipt of cash from customers on accountB. the receipt of cash from the sale of equipmentC. the payment of cash for dividendsD. the payment of cash to acquire marketable securities18. A receivable created by selling merchandise or services on credit. ( )A. accounts receivableB. dishonored notes payableC. allowance methodD. direct write-off method19. At the end of the fiscal year, accounts receivable has a balance of $100000 and allowance for doubtful accounts has a balance of $7000. The expected net realizable value of the accounts receivable is ( )A. $7000B. $93000C. $100000D. $10700020.( ) are valuable resources owned by the entity.C. EquityD. None of them21. Which is intangible asset ( )A. internally generated goodwillB. internally generated publishing titlesC. franchises and licenseD. internally generated brands22.( ) shall be employed when it is assumed that an asset`s economic revenue is the same each year, and the repair and maintenance cost is also the same for each period.A. straight-line methodB. units of production methodC. double declining balance methodD. sum-of-the-years-digits(SYD) method四、判断1. Fixed assets are intangible assets. ( )2. Internally generated goodwill can be viewed as intangible assets. ( )3. Land doesn`t need depreciation and is considered to have an infinite life. （）4. Fixed assets are usually subjected to depreciation. ( )5. Bonds and stocks are classified as intangible assets.( )6. Once the expected useful life and estimated net residual value are determined, they shall not be changed under any circumstances.( )7. When a corporation issues one type of capital stocks, common stocks are always issued. ( )8. Par value is strictly a legal matter, and it establishes the legal capital of a corporation. ( )9. The balance of the additional paid-in capital account represents a gain on the sale of stocks and increases net income. ( )10. A corporation must, by law, pay a dividend once a year. ( )11. Dividends are an expense of a corporation and should be charged to the periodic income. ( )12. Revenue increase owner`s equity. ( )13. Revenue is recognized when we receive cash from the buyers. ( )14. Advertising expense is usually collected as period expense. ( )15. Interest revenue should be measured based on the length of time. ( )16. If revenue exceed expenses for the same accounting period, the entity is deemed to suffera loss. ( )17. Asset = liabilities + Expense. ( )18. Liabilities are debts of a business. ( )19. Borrowing cash from a bank belongs to revenue. ( )20. Increase in asset is recorded in credit side. ( )21. When depreciation is mainly due to wear and tear, straight-line method shall be employed. ( )22. Bonds payable belong to current liabilities.( )23. All fixed assets are depreciable over their limited useful life.( )24. Fixed assets are intangible assets. ( )25. Internally generated goodwill can be viewed as intangible assets. ( )26. Land doesn`t need depreciation and is considered to have an infinite life. ( )五、翻译1. Accounting contains elements both of science and art. The important thing is that it is not merely a collection of arithmetical techniques but a set of complex processes depending on and prepared for people.2. Inventories refer to merchandise, finished goods, semi-finished goods, goods in process, and all kinds of materials, fuels, containers, low-value and perishable articles and so on that stocked for the purpose of sale, production or consumption during the production operational process, Inventories are normally accounted for at historical cost, as the cost principle requires. Normally, a company may account inventories under the following methods:(1)Specific identification (2)first-in, first-out(FIFO) (3)last-in, first-out(LIFO) (4)weighted average3. In contrast to current assets, long-term assets refer to those assets that will be realized or consumed within a period longer than one year of their acquisition, which are normally divided into fixed assets, intangible assets and deferred assets.Fixed assets refer to the assets whose useful life is over one year, unit value is above the prescribed criteria and where original physical form remains during the process of utilization.4. Depreciation is defined as the accounting process of systematically allocating the depreciable amount of a fixed asset over its useful life by a selected depreciation method. When calculating the depreciation expense of a fixed asset, an enterprise should consider its depreciable amount,estimated net residual value, estimated useful life, and the depreciation methods.5. The amount of retained earnings represents the cumulative net income of the firm since its beginning, less the total dividends that have been distributed to shareholders. It is important to note that retained earnings are not the assets, but the existence of retained earnings means that net assets generated by profitable operations have been kept in the company to help it grow or to meet other business needs. However, a credit balance in Retained Earnings does not mean that cash or any designated set of assets is directly associated with retained earnings. The fact that earnings have been retained means that net assets as a whole have been increased.6. In China, companies must provide “legal reserve.”Today in USA, appropriations of retained earnings are seldom seen on balance sheets.7. Revenue is the gross inflow of economic benefits arising in the course of the ordinary activities of an enterprise from such events as the sale of goods, the rendering of service and the use of enterprise by others. Revenue growth is an important indicator of the market reception of a company`s products and services.8. Sales revenue arises from the sale of goods.Service revenue arises from the rendering of services.9. Expenses refer to the outlays incurred by an enterprise in the course of production and operation. It means the outflows or other using up of assets or incurrence of liabilities during a period. According to the relationship with products, we can divide expenses into two categories: product costs and period expense.Product costs are directly related to the products, which are composed of direct material costs, direct labor costs and the indirect costs.10. Period expenses are not directly associated with products, but they are indispensable for generating the current revenue.11. A balance sheet is a summary of a company`s balances. Assets, liabilities and owner`s equity are listed as of a specific date, such as the end of its financial year. A balance sheet is often described as a snapshot of a company`s financial condition.12. The income statement is a financial statement that summarizes the results of a company`s operation by matching revenue and related expenses for a particular accounting period. It shows the net income or net loss. It is also called earnings statement, statement of operations, and profit and loss statement.13. The cash flow statement is a financial statement that reports the cash receipts and cash payments of an entity during a particular period. The term cash refers not only to the bills and coins we normally think of as cash, but also to cash equivalents. Cash equivalents are highly liquid short-term investment that can easily and quickly be converted into cash, usually with maturity of three months or less at the date of purchase.The cash flows of an entity usually come from cash flows from operating activities, cash flows from investing activities, and cash flows from financing activities.14. Assets are economic resources that are possessed or controlled by an enterprise to generate revenue to the enterprise. Assets of an enterprise are usually divided into the following categories: current assets, long-term investment, fixed assets, intangible assets and other assets. Current assets are assets that will be realized or consumed within one year or within an operating cycle. Typical current assets include cash, bank deposit, accounts receivables and so on. Cash is listed first of all current assets because it is the most liquid of all assets.15. Long-term liabilities are obligations of business that are due to be paid after one year or beyond the operating cycle, whichever is longer. Decisions related to long-term debt are critical because how a company finances its operations is the most important factor in the company`s long-term liability. The amount and type of debt a company incurs depends on many factors, including the nature of the business, its competitive environment, the state of the financial markets, and the predictability of its earnings.六、业务题1.（1）According to the above information, use weighted-average method and the ending inventory should be（2）According to the above information, use LIFO method, the most assigned to the sold should be（3）According to the above information, use FIFO method, the cost assigned to the sold should be（4）According to the above information, use LIFO method, the cost assigned to the ending inventory is2.(1)On June 5, K. Company purchased $6000 of inventory, paying cash.(2)On June 10, K. Company received $10000 of good sales.(3)On June 12, K. Company paid $5000 in salaries by bank deposit.(4)Bought office furniture from Simple Company on account, $30000(5)On June 30, K. Company paid $10000 to Simple Company on account.3. Record each transaction in the accompanying account of L & T Co.(1) Bought supplies on account for $600.(2) Bought equipment for $2700, paying one third down and owing the balance.(3) Gave a note in settlement of transaction (2).(4) Received $500 as an income.4. Record the following entries in the general journal for Stephens Cleaning Company.(1) Invested $10000 cash in the business.(2) Paid $2000 for office furniture.(3) Bought equipment costing $6000 on account.(4) Received $2200 in cleaning income.(5) Paid a quarter of the amount owed on the equipment.5.(1)Accounting to the following information, use weighted-average method and the ending inventory should be(2)Using the information from question(1), the LIFO method, the cost assigned to the ending inventory is6.Assuming that net purchase cost $250000 during the year and that the ending stock was $4000 less than the beginning stock of $30000, the cost of goods would be7. Emily started her business-Emily`s Bakery. The transaction in the year of 2008 are as follow.(1) Emily contributed $10000 in cash.(2) The company borrowed $3000 from a bank.(3) The company purchased equipment for $5000 cash.(4) The company performed service for $12000. The customer paid $8000 in cash and promised to pay the rest amount at a later date.(5) The company paid $9000 for expenses (wages, interest and maintenance)(6) The company paid dividend of $1000.The balance sheet of Emily`s bakeryDecember31, 2008Current Assets Current LiabilitiesLong-term Assets Long-term LiabilitiesOwner`s equityTotal Assets Total Liabilities and Owner`s Equity七、例题1.1 During the month of January, Ted Lott, a lawyer(1) Invested $8000 to open his practice.(2)Bought office supplies (stationery, forms, pencils, and so on)for cash, $700.(3) Bought several pieces of office furniture from Ferraro Furniture Company on account, $2000.(4) Receive $3500 in service fees earned during the month.(5) Paid office rent for January, $600.(6) Paid salary for part-time help, $800.(7) Paid $1600 to Ferraro Furniture Company on account.(8) After taking inventory at the end of the month, Lott found that he had used $200 worth of supplies.(9) Withdrew $470 for personal use.2.1 ABC Company had the following transaction in 2007.(1) Recognized $5000 of sales revenue earned on account.(2) Collected $3000 cash from accounts receivable.(3) Recognized $500 of bad debt expense for accounts receivable that are expected to be un-collectible in the future.2.3 Assume that ABC Company is a listed company. Simple buys 10000 shares of ABC Company`s common stock in New York Securities Exchange on November 1, 2007, at the price of $20 per share.2.4 (1) Assume that, on March 15, 2008, ABC company declared that they decided to give dividends at S3 per common stock. Thus, Simple Company would receive $30000 of dividend. At this time the cash was not given but an accounting record was requested.(2) On April, Simple Company received $30000 of cash dividend. So they need a new accounting record.4.1 Simple Company buys goods for $50000 on credit. The journal entry in Simple Company`s accounting records for this transaction.4.2 (1) On March 1, Simple Company borrows $40000 from its bank for a period of six months at an annual interest rate of 10%. Six months later on September 1, Simple Company will have to pay the bank the principal amount of $40000 plus $2000 interest. As an evidence of this loan, the bank requires Simple Company to issue a note payable. The journal entry in Simple Company`s accounting records for this March 1 borrowing is as follow.(2) Borrowed $40000 for six months at 10% interest per year.(3) The entry on September 1 to record payment of the note will be as follow.4.3 (1) Simple Company signed up a contract with another company to perform services. Simple Company received an advanced cash payment in the amount of $20000 and the term of the contract was one month. The transaction acts to increase assets (cash) and liabilities (unearned revenue). The journal entry in Simple Company`s accounting records for this transaction is as follow.(2) At this time, Simple Company received cash but didn`t perform the services. So the cash of $20000 was not the real revenue. Only when Simple Company performed the services, a new journal entry would be made in the follow.4.4 Bonds issued at a discountAssume that ABC Company plans to issue $1000000 face value of 10%, 10-year bonds. At the issuance date of May 1, the going market rate of interest is slightly above 10% and the bonds sell at a market price of only $950. The issuance of the bonds will be recorded by the following entry.4.5 In this example, the discount on bonds payable has a beginning debit balance of $50000. Each year $5000 will be amortized into Bond Interest Expense.Assuming that the interest payment dates are October 31 and April 30, the entries to be made each six months to record bond interest expense are as follow.(1) Paid semi-annual interest on $1000000 of 10%, 10-year bonds.(2) Amortized discount for six months on 10-year bond issue ($50000/20=$2500)5.1On January 1, Joan Adams and Richard Brown decide to form a partnership by consolidating their two retail stores. A capital account will be opened for each partner and credited, with the agreed valuation of the net assets that the partner contributes. The journal entries to open the accounts of the partnership of Adams and Brown are as follow.(1) To record the investment by Joan Adams in the partnership of Adams and Brown.(2) To record the investment by Richard Brown in the partnership of Adams and Brown.(3) After six months of operation the firm is in need of more cash, and the partners make additional investments of $10000 each on July 1. These additional investments are credited to the capital accounts as shown below.5.3 Adams and Brown have agreed to share profits equally. Assuming that the partnership earns net income of $60000 in the first year of operations, the entry to close the income summary account is as follow.(1) To divide net income for the year in accordance with partnership agreement to share profits equally.The next step in closing the accounts is to transfer the balance of each partner`s drawing account to his capital account. Assuming that withdrawals during the year amounted to $24000 for Adams and $16000 for Brown, the entry at December 31 to close the drawing accounts is as follow.(2) To transfer debit balances in partner`s drawing accounts to their respective capital accounts.5.4 The issuance of 100000 shares of common stock, par $1, for cash of $1.2 per share would be recorded as follow.5.5 Assume that a corporation issues 10000 shares of no-par common stock at $40 a share and ata later date issues 1000 additional shares at $36. The entries to record the no-par stock are as follow.(1) Issued 10000 shares of no-par common stock at $40.(2) Issued 1000 shares of no-par common stock at $36.5.6 Assume that a corporation has a balance of $300000 in retained earnings and 50000 shares of $10 par value common stock. The current fair market value of its stock is $15 per share.(1) If the corporation declares a 10% stock dividend, the entry to record this transaction at the declaration and payment date is as follow.(2) If the corporation declares a 40% stock dividend, the entry to record this transaction at the declaration and payment date is as follow.5.7 Assume that on December 1,2005, the directors of A corporation declare a 40 cents per share cash dividend on 100000 shares of $10 par value common stock. The dividend is $40000 (100000*0.4).(1) the entry to record the declaration is as follow.(2) At the end of the year, the dividends account is closed to retained earnings by the following entry.⼋、附加题1.Whether an account is to be debited or credited depends on the accounting elements. By convention, increases in assets and expenses are recorded as debits, whereas increases in liability, owner`s equity, revenue and profit are recorded as credits. Assets and expense decreases are recorded as credits, whereas liability, owner`s equity, revenue and profit decreases are recorded as debits.2.In an accounting system, a separate account is designated for each asset, each liability, and each component of owner`s equity, including revenues and expenses. That`s to say, accounts are grouped according to accounting elements. These groups of accounts are called the ledger.3. The chart of accounts is a listing of the accounts by title and number. Assets and liability accounts are arranged according to their liquidity. While income, expense and owner`s equity accounts are listed according to their importance.4.A business`s accounts receivable are the amounts that its customers owe it and these accounts receivable are sometimes called trade creditors.Allowance for bad debts is the estimated amount of accounts receivable that will not be collected.The net realizable value is the amount that a company is actually expecting to get in the future. Net realizable = accounts receivable — allowance for bad debts4. Short-term investments refer to various marketable securities, which can be realized at any time and will be held less thana year, as well as other investment with a life of no longer thana year.。
会计英语全书总体复习
Users of Accounting Information
Internal users
External users Investors Creditors Suppliers Government Labor unions Banks The general public
Rules of debits &credits
The type of account determines the side in which increases and decreases are recorded.
Chapter 5 The FIFO & LIFO Chapter 6 The cost of an asset P58 The SYD & DDB Intangible assets p62 Long-term investment‟s measuring p65
相等物financialposition财务状况operatingresults经营成果balancesheet资产负债表incomestatement利润表cashflows现金流量表costgoodssold销货成本grossprofit毛利润operatingexpenses经营费用incometaxexpense所得税费用salaryexpenserentexpenseresidualvaluestraightlinemethod直线法unitsofproductionmethod工作量法decliningbalancemethod余额递减法sumoftheyears?digitsmethod年数总和法doubledecliningbalanceddbmethod双倍余额递减法depreciationexpense折旧费用accumulateddepreciation累计折旧trendanalysis趋势分析法commonsizeanalysis结构分析currentratio流动比率ratesales销售利润率grossprofitpercentage毛利率debtratio负债比率exercisesexercisesp178refrigerator冰箱usedmeatprocessor加工者hasestimatedresidualvalueestimatedusefullifeyearsdepreciationexpense13500depreciationexpense13500accumulateddepreciation13500straightlinemethodstraightlinemethoddepreciationexpense9000year1
会计专业英语复习资料10页word文档
会计专业英语复习资料一、短语中英互译1、会计分录2、投资活动3、后进先出法4、客观性原则5、注册会计师6、权责发生制7、累计折旧8、资产负债表9、经营决策10、银行存款11、到期日12、历史成本13、source document14、nominal rate15、credit sale16、sum-of-years-digits method17、economic entity assumption18、financial position19、fixed assets20、public hearing21、income statement22、sales discount23、value added tax24、trade mark25、bank overdraft二、从下列选项中选出最佳答案1、Generally，revenue is recorded by a business enterprise at a pointwhen ：( )A、Management decides it is appropriate to do soB、The product is available for sale to consumersC、An exchange has taken place and the earning process isvirtually completeD、An order for merchandise has been received2、Why are certain costs capitalized when incurred and then depreciated or amortized over subsequent accounting periods？( )A、To reduce the income tax liabilityB、To aid management in making business decisionsC、To match the costs of production with revenue as earnedD、To adhere to the accounting concept of conservatism3、What accounting principle or concept justifies the use of accruals and deferrals？( )A、Going concernB、MaterialityC、ConsistencyD、Stable monetary unit4、An accrued expense can best be described as an amount ( )A、Paid and currently matched with revenueB、Paid and not currently matched with revenueC、Not paid and not currently matched with revenueD、Not paid and currently matched with revenue5、Continuation of a business enterprise in the absence of contrary evidence is an example of the principle or concept of ( )A、Business entityB、ConsistencyC、Going concernD、Substance over form6、In preparing a bank reconciliation，the amount of checks outstanding would be：( )A、added to the bank balance according to the bank statement.B、deducted from the bank balance according to the bank statement.C、added to the cash balance according to the depositor’s records.D、deducted from the cash balance according to the depositor’srecords.7、Journal entries based on the bank reconciliation are requiredfor：( )A、additions to the cash balance according to the depositor’srecords.B、deductions from the cash balance according to the depositor’srecords.C、Both A and BD、Neither A nor B8、A petty cash fund is ：( )A、used to pay relatively small amounts。
会计英语复习要点
会计英语复习要点⼀、资产类Assets流动资产Current assets货币资⾦Cash and cash equivalents现⾦Cash银⾏存款Cash in bank其他货币资⾦Other cash and cash equivalents外埠存款Other city Cash in bank银⾏本票Cashier''s cheque银⾏汇票Bank draft信⽤卡Credit card信⽤证保证⾦L/C Guarantee deposits 存出投资款Refundable deposits短期投资Short-term investments股票Short-term investments - stock债券Short-term investments - corporate bonds基⾦Short-term investments - corporate funds其他Short-term investments - other短期投资跌价准备Short-term investments falling price reserves应收票据Note receivable银⾏承兑汇票Bank acceptance商业承兑汇票Trade acceptance应收股利Dividend receivable应收利息Interest receivable应收账款Account receivable其他应收款Other notes receivable坏账准备Bad debt reserves预付账款Advance money应收补贴款Cover deficit by state subsidies of receivable库存资产Inventories物资采购Supplies purchasing原材料Raw materials包装物Wrappage低值易耗品Low-value consumption goods材料成本差异Materials cost variance ⾃制半成品Semi-Finished goods库存商品Finished goods商品进销差价Differences between purchasing and selling price委托加⼯物资Work in process - outsourced 委托代销商品Trust to and sell the goods on a commission basis受托代销商品Commissioned and sellthe goods on a commission basis存货跌价准备Inventory falling pricereserves分期收款发出商品Collect money and send out the goods by stages待摊费⽤Deferred and prepaid expenses长期投资Long-term investment长期股权投资Long-term investmenton stocks股票投资Investment on stocks其他股权投资Other investment on stocks长期债权投资Long-term investmenton bonds债券投资Investment on bonds其他债权投资Other investment on bonds长期投资减值准备Long-term investments depreciation reserves股权投资减值准备Stock rights investment depreciation reserves债权投资减值准备Bcreditor''s rights investment depreciation reserves委托贷款Entrust loans本⾦Principal利息Interest减值准备Depreciation reserves固定资产Fixed assets房屋Building建筑物Structure机器设备Machinery equipment运输设备Transportation facilities⼯具器具Instruments and implement累计折旧Accumulated depreciation固定资产减值准备Fixed assets depreciation reserves房屋、建筑物减值准备Building/structure depreciation reserves 机器设备减值准备Machinery equipment depreciation reserves⼯程物资Project goods and material专⽤材料Special-purpose material专⽤设备Special-purpose equipment预付⼤型设备款Prepayments for equipment为⽣产准备的⼯具及器具Preparative instruments and implement for fabricate 在建⼯程Construction-in-process安装⼯程Erection works在安装设备Erectingequipment-in-process技术改造⼯程Technical innovation project⼤修理⼯程General overhaul project在建⼯程减值准备Construction-in-process depreciation reserves固定资产清理Liquidation of fixed assets⽆形资产Intangible assets专利权Patents⾮专利技术Non-Patents商标权Trademarks, Trade names著作权Copyrights⼟地使⽤权Tenure商誉Goodwill⽆形资产减值准备Intangible Assets depreciation reserves专利权减值准备Patent rights depreciation reserves商标权减值准备trademark rights depreciation reserves未确认融资费⽤Unacknowledged financial charges待处理财产损溢Wait deal assetsloss or income待处理财产损溢Wait deal assetsloss or income待处理流动资产损溢Wait deal intangible assets loss or income待处理固定资产损溢Wait dealfixed assets loss or income⼆、负债类Liability短期负债Current liability短期借款Short-term borrowing应付票据Notes payable银⾏承兑汇票Bank acceptance商业承兑汇票Trade acceptance应付账款Account payable预收账款Deposit received代销商品款Proxy sale goods revenue 应付⼯资Accrued wages应付福利费Accrued welfarism应付股利Dividends payable应交税⾦Tax payable应交增值税value added tax payable进项税额Withholdings on V A T已交税⾦Paying tax转出未交增值税Unpaid V A T changeover减免税款Tax deduction销项税额Substituted money on V A T 出⼝退税Tax reimbursement for export进项税额转出Changeover withnoldings on V A T出⼝抵减内销产品应纳税额Export deduct domestic sales goods tax 转出多交增值税Overpaid V A T changeover未交增值税Unpaid V A T应交营业税Business tax payable应交消费税Consumption tax payable 应交资源税Resources tax payable应交所得税Income tax payable应交⼟地增值税Increment tax on land value payable应交城市维护建设税Tax for maintaining and building cities payable 应交房产税Housing property tax payable应交⼟地使⽤税Tenure tax payable应交车船使⽤税Vehicle and vessel usage license plate tax(VVULPT) payable应交个⼈所得税Personal income tax payable其他应交款Other fund in conformity with paying其他应付款Other payables预提费⽤Drawing expense in advance 其他负债Other liabilities待转资产价值Pending changerover assets value预计负债Anticipation liabilities长期负债Long-term Liabilities长期借款Long-term loans⼀年内到期的长期借款Long-term loans due within one year ⼀年后到期的长期借款Long-term loans due over one year应付债券Bonds payable债券⾯值Face value, Par value债券溢价Premium on bonds债券折价Discount on bonds应计利息Accrued interest长期应付款Long-term account payable应付融资租赁款Accrued financial lease outlay⼀年内到期的长期应付Long-term account payable due within one year ⼀年后到期的长期应付Long-term account payable over one year专项应付款Special payable⼀年内到期的专项应付Long-term special payable due within one year ⼀年后到期的专项应付Long-term special payable over one year递延税款Deferral taxes三、所有者权益类OWNERS'' EQUITY资本Capital实收资本(或股本)Paid-up capital(or stock)实收资本Paid-up capital实收股本Paid-up stock已归还投资Investment Returned资本公积Capital reserve资本(或股本)溢价Capital(or Stock) premium接受捐赠⾮现⾦资产准备Receive non-cash donate reserve股权投资准备Stock right investment reserves拨款转⼊Allocate sums changeover in 外币资本折算差额Foreign currency capital其他资本公积Other capital reserve盈余公积Surplus reserves法定盈余公积Legal surplus任意盈余公积Free surplus reserves 法定公益⾦Legal public welfare fund 储备基⾦Reserve fund企业发展基⾦Enterprise expension fund利润归还投资Profits capitalizad on return of investment利润Profits本年利润Current year profits利润分配Profit distribution其他转⼊Other chengeover in提取法定盈余公积Withdrawal legal surplus提取法定公益⾦Withdrawal legal public welfare funds 提取储备基⾦Withdrawal reserve fund提取企业发展基⾦Withdrawal reserve for business expansion提取职⼯奖励及福利基⾦Withdrawal staff and workers'' bonus and welfare fund利润归还投资Profits capitalizad on return of investment应付优先股股利Preferred Stock dividends payable提取任意盈余公积Withdrawal other common accumulation fund应付普通股股利Common Stock dividends payable转作资本(或股本)的普通股股利Common Stock dividends change to assets(or stock)未分配利润Undistributed profit四、成本类Cost⽣产成本Cost of manufacture基本⽣产成本Base cost of manufacture辅助⽣产成本Auxiliary cost ofmanufacture制造费⽤Manufacturing overhead材料费Materials管理⼈员⼯资Executive Salaries奖⾦Wages退职⾦Retirement allowance补贴Bonus外保劳务费Outsourcing fee福利费Employee benefits/welfare会议费Coferemce加班餐费Special duties市内交通费Business traveling通讯费Correspondence电话费Correspondence⽔电取暖费Water and Steam税费Taxes and dues租赁费Rent管理费Maintenance车辆维护费Vehicles maintenance油料费Vehicles maintenance培训费Education and training接待费Entertainment图书、印刷费Books and printing运费Transpotation保险费Insurance premium⽀付⼿续费Commission杂费Sundry charges折旧费Depreciation expense机物料消耗Article of consumption 劳动保护费Labor protection fees 季节性停⼯损失Loss on seasonality cessation劳务成本Service costs五、损益类Profit and loss收⼊Income业务收⼊OPERA TING INCOME主营业务收⼊Prime operating revenue产品销售收⼊Sales revenue服务收⼊Service revenue其他业务收⼊Other operating revenue 材料销售Sales materials包装物出租Wrappage lease出让资产使⽤权收⼊Remise right of assets revenue返还所得税Reimbursement of income tax其他收⼊Other revenue投资收益Investment income短期投资收益Current investment income 长期投资收益Long-term investment income计提的委托贷款减值准备Withdrawalof entrust loans reserves补贴收⼊Subsidize revenue国家扶持补贴收⼊Subsidize revenue from country其他补贴收⼊Other subsidize revenue营业外收⼊NON-OPERATING INCOME⾮货币性交易收益Non-cash deal income现⾦溢余Cash overage处置固定资产净收益Net income on disposal of fixed assets 出售⽆形资产收益Income on sales of intangible assets固定资产盘盈Fixed assets inventory profit罚款净收⼊Net amercement income⽀出Outlay业务⽀出Revenue charges主营业务成本Operating costs产品销售成本Cost of goods sold服务成本Cost of service主营业务税⾦及附加Tax and associate charge营业税Sales tax消费税Consumption tax城市维护建设税Tax for maintaining and building cities资源税Resources tax⼟地增值税Increment tax on land value其他业务⽀出Other business expense销售其他材料成本Other cost of material sale其他劳务成本Other cost of service其他业务税⾦及附加费Other tax and associate charge费⽤Expenses营业费⽤Operating expenses代销⼿续费Consignment commission charge运杂费Transpotation保险费Insurance premium展览费Exhibition fees⼴告费Advertising fees管理费⽤Adminisstrative expenses职⼯⼯资Staff Salaries修理费Repair charge低值易耗摊销Article of consumption 办公费Office allowance差旅费Travelling expense⼯会经费Labour union expenditure研究与开发费Research and development expense福利费Employee benefits/welfare职⼯教育经费Personnel education待业保险费Unemployment insurance 劳动保险费Labour insurance医疗保险费Medical insurance会议费Coferemce聘请中介机构费Intermediary organs 咨询费Consult fees诉讼费Legal cost业务招待费Business entertainment 技术转让费Technology transfer fees 矿产资源补偿费Mineral resources compensation fees 排污费Pollution discharge fees房产税Housing property tax车船使⽤税Vehicle and vessel usage license plate tax(VVULPT)⼟地使⽤税Tenure tax印花税Stamp tax财务费⽤Finance charge利息⽀出Interest exchange汇兑损失Foreign exchange loss各项⼿续费Charge for trouble各项专门借款费⽤Special-borrowing cost营业外⽀出Nonbusiness expenditure捐赠⽀出Donation outlay减值准备⾦Depreciation reserves⾮常损失Extraordinary loss处理固定资产净损失Net loss on disposal of fixed assets出售⽆形资产损失Loss on sales of intangible assets固定资产盘亏Fixed assets inventory loss债务重组损失Loss on arrangement 罚款⽀出Amercement outlay所得税Income tax以前年度损益调整Prior year income adjustment课⽂单词acceptance 承兑Account 帐,帐户Account form 账户式accountant 会计员Accounting equation 会计等式Accounting system会计系统,会计制度Accounting period 会计分期Accounting process 会计程序accounting 会计accounts payable 应付账款accounts receivable 应收账款accrual 应计accrual basis 权责发⽣制accrued asset 应计负债accrued liability 应计负债accumulated profits 累积利益additional paid-in capital 股本溢价adjusting entry 调整记录adjustment 调整adjusted trial balance调整后的试算平衡表adjunct account 附属账户administration expense 管理费⽤administrative overhead 管理间接费⽤advances 预付advertising expense ⼴告费agency 代理agent 代理⼈agreement 契约aging receivable 应收账款账龄分析allotments 分配数allowance 津贴allowance for doubtful accounts坏账准备amalgamation 合并American Accounting Association美国会计协会American Institute of CPAs美国注册会计师协会amortization 摊销amortized cost 摊余成本annuities 年⾦annual report 年度报告applied cost 已分配成本applied expense 已分配费⽤applied manufacturing expense⼰分配制造费⽤apportioned charge 摊派费⽤appreciation 涨价article of association 公司章程Articulation 勾稽关系Arm’s length transaction 公平交易assessment 课税Assets 资产Associating cause and effect 因果关系At par 平价attorney fee 律师费Audit 审计auditor 审计员availavle-for-sale-security可供出售证券availavle-for-sale investments可供出售投资average cost 平均成本法average 平均数bad debt 坏账balance between benefit and cost权衡成本效益Balance sheet 资产负债表balance 余额bank account 银⾏账户bank balance 银⾏结存bank charge 银⾏⼿续费bank deposit 银⾏存款bank discount 银⾏贴现bank draft 银⾏汇票bank loan 银⾏借款bank overdraft 银⾏透⽀bank statement 银⾏对账单bankers acceptance 银⾏承兑bankruptcy 破产bearer 持票⼈beneficiary 受益⼈bequest 遗产bill of exchange 汇票bill of lading 提单bill 票据bills discounted 贴现票据bills payable 应付票据bills receivable 应收票据board of directors 董事会bonds 债券bonus 红利奖⾦book value 账⾯价值bookkeeper 簿记员bookkeeping 簿记borrowing 借款branch office general ledger⽀店往来账户broker 经纪⼈brought down 接前brought forward 接上页budget 预算Business entity 企业个体by-product sales 副产品销售by-product 副产品callability 可赎回（优先股）callable bonds 可提前赎回债券capital 股本capital income 资本收益capital outlay 资本⽀出capital stock certificate 股票Capital stock 股本Capitalize 资本化Carrying amount 账⾯价值carried down 移后carried forward 移下页cash account 现⾦账户cash and cash equivalent现⾦及现⾦等价物cash basis 现⾦收付制cash book 现⾦账cash discount 现⾦折让cash dividend 现⾦股利cash equivalents 现⾦等价物cash flow assumption 成本流转假设Cash flow prospects 现⾦流量预测Cash flow statement 现⾦流量表cash in bank 存银⾏现⾦cash on delivery 交货收款cash on hand 库存现⾦cash payment 现⾦⽀付cash purchase 现购cash sale 现沽cash short and over 现⾦尾差cash 现⾦cashier 出纳员cashiers check 本票Certificate in Internal Auditing内部审计证书Certificate in Management Accounting 管理会计证书certificate of deposit 存款单折certificate of indebtedness 借据Certificate Public Accountant 注册会计师certified check 保付⽀票certified public accountant 会计师charge for remittances 汇⽔⼿续费charges 费⽤charter 营业执照chartered accountant 会计师chattles 动产check ⽀票checkbook stub ⽀票存根closed account ⼰结清账户closing 结算closing entry 结账纪录结账分录closing stock 期末存货closing the book 结账columnar journal 多栏⽇记账combination 联合commission 佣⾦commodity 商品common stock common shares ordinary shares普通股company 公司comparability 可⽐性completeness 完整性compensation 赔偿compound interest 复利compound instrument 混合⼯具comprehensive income 综合收益consideration 对价consignee 承销⼈consignment 寄销consignor 寄销⼈consolidated balance sheet合并资产负债表consolidated profit and loss account合并损益表consolidated financial statements合并财务报表consolidation 合并construction cost 营建成本construction revenue 营建收⼊confimatory role 确认作⽤contra account 抵减账户contract 合同control account 统制账户convertibility 可转换（优先股）copyright 版权Corporation 公司cost 成本Cost accounting 成本会计External users 外部使⽤者Cost flow assumption 成本流假设cost of labour 劳⼯成本cost of manufacture 制造成本cost of production ⽣产成本cost method 成本法cost of sales 销货成本cost price 成本价格Cost principle 成本原则Count 盘点盘存credit note 收款通知单credit 贷⽅Creditor 债权⼈creditor 债权⼈crossed check 横线⽀票cumulative 累积（优先股）current account 往来活期账户current asset 流动资产current cost 现⾏成本current liability 流动负债current profit and loss 本期损益current item 流动负债capital reserve 资本公积dealer 经销商declaration date 股利宣告⽇debit 借⽅debt 债务debtor 债务⼈deed 契据deferral 递延deferred assets 递延资产deferred expense 待摊费⽤deferred liabilities 递延负债deferred revenue 递延收⼊Deflation 通货紧缩delivery expense 送货费delivery order 出货单delivery 交货demand draft 即期汇票demand deposit 活期存款demand note 即期票据demurrage charge 延期费department store 百货商场deposit slip 存款单deposit in transit 在途物资deposit to guarantee contract performance合同履⾏保证⾦deposit 存款depreciation amount 应计折旧额depreciation 折旧derecognize 终⽌确认direct cost 直接成本direct labour 直接⼈⼯direct material 直接材料direct method 直接法director 董事Disclosure 批露discount on purchase 进货折扣discount on sale 销货折扣discount rate 折现率discount 折扣discontinued operation 终⽌营业dishonoured check 退票dissolution 解散distribution cost 销售费⽤dividend payable 应付股利dividends receivable 应收股利dividend 股利documentary bill 押汇汇票documents 单据double entry bookkeeping 复式簿记draft 汇票drawee 付款⼈drawer 出票⼈drawing 提款duplicate 副本duties and taxes 税捐earnings 业务收益economic entity 经济实体effective interest rate method实际利率法endorser 背书⼈enterprise 企业entertainment 交际费entry 分录equipment 设备equity 权益equity method 权益法equity investment 权益投资estate 财产estimated cost 估计成本estimated residual value 预计残值estimates 概算exchange loss 兑换损失exchange 兑换expenditure 经费Expenses 费⽤extension 延期face value 票⾯价值factor 代理商fair value 公允价值fair market value 公允市价faithful representation 如实反映Financial Accounting Standards Board 财务会计准则委员会Financial accounting 财务会计Financial asset ⾦融资产Financial activities 筹资活动Financial cost 财务费⽤Financial forecast 财务预测Financial instrument ⾦融⼯具Financial statement 财务报表Financial position 财务状况financial year 财政年度financing activities 筹资活动finished goods 产成品finished parts 制成零件first-in，first-out 先进先出法fixed asset 固定资产fixed cost 固定成本fixed deposit 定期存款fixed expense 固定费⽤fixed production overhead固定制造费⽤fixed or float interest rate固定或浮动利率foreman ⼯头forecast 预测foreign currency translation adjustment外币折算差额franchise 专营权framework for the preparation andpresentation of financial statements编报财务报表的框架freight 运费funds 资⾦furniture and fixture 家俬及器具gain 利益general expense 总务费⽤general ledger 总分类账General accepted accounting principles公认会计原则Generally purpose financial statements通⽤⽬的财务报表General-purpose information通⽤⽬的信息Going-concern assumption持续经营假设Going concern 持续经营goods in transit 在运货物goods 货物goodwill 商誉goods&service tax 货物和劳务税Government Accounting Office政府会计办公室government bonds 政府债券gross amount 总额gross profit ⽑利gross price method 总价法guarantee 保证guarantor 保证⼈historical cost 历史成本held on freehole 拥有所有权held on leasehold 拥有使⽤权held-to-maturity investments持有⾄到期投资idle time 停⼯时间identifiable 可辨认impairment 减值import duty 进⼝税immediate recognition ⽴即确认income 收⼊income from joint venture 合营收益income from sale of assets出售资产收⼊Income statement 损益表利润表Income summary account本年利润账户income tax 所得税indirect cost 间接成本indirect expense 间接费⽤indirect labour 间接⼈⼯indirect taxation 间接课税indirect method 间接法indorsement 背书Inflation 通货膨涨installment 分期付款installment sales 分期收款销售Institute of Internal Auditors内部审计师协会Institute of Management Accountants 管理会计师协会insurance 保险intangible asset ⽆形资产Integrity 整合性inter office account 内部往来interest-bearing 带息interest rate 利率interest received 利息收⼊interest 利息Internal auditing 内部审计Internal control structure内部控制结构Internal generated ⾃创Internal Revenue Service 国内收⼊署International accounting standard board(IASB)国际会计准则理事会Internal users 内部使⽤者intrinsic value 内在价值inventory 存货Investing activities 投资活动investment income 投资收益investment property 投资性房地产investment 投资investee 被投资⽅invoice 发票item 项⽬job cost ⼯程成本job ⼯作joint venture 短期合伙journal ⽇记账knowledgeable,willing parties熟悉情况⾃愿的双⽅labour cost ⼈⼯成本labour ⼈⼯land ⼟地last-in，first-out 后进先出法lease 租约leasehold 租约ledger 分类账legal expense 律师费letter of credit 信⽤状leverage 杠杆Liabilities 负债liability 负债lien 留置权limited company 有限公司limited liability 有限负债limited partnership 有限合伙liquidation 清盘loan 借款long term liability 长期负债loss on exchange 兑换损失loss 损失lower of cost and net realizable value 成本与可变现净值孰低法machinery equipment 机器设备Management accounting 管理会计manufacturing cost 制造成本manufacturing expense 制造费⽤market price 市价matching 配⽐maturity date 到期⽇material requisition 领料单materials 原村料materiality 重要性medical fee 医药费merchandise 商品miscellaneous expense 杂项费⽤monetary unit of measurement货币计量mortgage 抵押mortgage bonds 抵押债券mortgagee 承押⼈mortgagor 抵押⼈movable property 动产moving or cumulative weighted average移动加权平均multiple-step form 多步式Negative cash flow 负现⾦流量net amount 净额net asset 资产净额net income 净收⼊net loss 净亏损net profit 纯利net price method 净价法net realizable value 可变现净值net value 净值neutrality 中⽴性not for profits ⾮盈利组织notes 票据notes payable 应付票据notes receivable 应收票据non-monetary assets ⾮货币性资产non-current asset ⾮流动资产nominal value 名义价值opening stock 期初存货Operating activities 经营活动Operating cycle 营业周期operating expense 营业费⽤order 订单ordinary operating activities⽇常经营活动ordinary shares 普通股organization expense 开办费original document 原始单据outlay ⽀出output 产量overdraft 透⽀overtime premium 加班津贴Owner's equity 所有者权益Par value ⾯值Par value method ⾯值法Partnership 合伙企业Parent company 母公司Participation 参加（优先股）Past due 过期Payment date 股利⽀付⽇Payroll tax ⼯资薪⾦税Permanent account 永久性账户Periodic system 定期盘存制Perpetual system 永续盘存制Petty cash fund 备⽤⾦Performance 业绩经营成果Physical substance 实物形态Post-closing trial balance结账后试算平衡表Positive cash flow 正现⾦流量Predictive role 预测作⽤Preferred shares preferred stock 优先股Present value 现值Prepaid expense 预付费⽤Premium 溢价Prospectus 招股说明书Property plant and equipment 固定资产Provision 准备Prudence 谨慎Prudence concept 谨慎性原则quotation 报价quoted market price 市场报价rate ⽐率raw material 原料realizable value 可变现价值rebate 回扣record date 股权登记⽇recoverable amount 可收回⾦额receipt 收据receivable 应收款项recoup 补偿redemption 偿还redeemable preference shares可续回优先股reducing balance method余额递减折旧法refund 退款reliability 可靠性remittance 汇款rent 租⾦repair 修理费report form 报告式research and development cost研究和开发⽀出reserve 准备residual value 剩余价值retailer 零售商retail method 零售价格法Retained earning 留存利润Return of investment投资回报,投资报酬returns 退货revaluation surplus 重估增值revaluation 重估Revenue 收⼊Reverse 转回salary 薪⾦sale discount 销货折扣sales returns 销货退回sales 销货sales returns and allowances销售退回与折让sales tax 销售税salvage value 残值sample fee 样品scrap value 残余价值scrap 废料Securities and Exchange Commission 证券交易委员会securities 证券securities law 证券法security 抵押品segment 分部selling commission 销货佣⾦selling cost 销售费⽤selling expense 销货费⽤selling price 售价share capital 股份share certificate 股票shares outstanding 流通在外的股份stockholders （shareholder ）股东short term loan 短期借款short term investment 短期投资shipping cost 运费significant influence 重⼤影响single-step forn 单步式Sole proprietorship 独资,独资企业Solvency 清偿能⼒Social security and unemploymentinsurance tax社会保障和失业保险⾦spare parts 配件specific identification 个别认定法Stable-dollar assumption稳定货币假设standard cost 标准成本Statement of cash flow 现⾦流量表Statement of financial position财务状况表Stewardship of management管理当局的受托责任stock sheet 存货表stock 存货stock dividend 股利期权stock dividends distributable应付股票股利stock option 股票期权stock split 股票分割Stockholders' equity 股东权益Stockholders 股东Straight-line method 直线法stocktake 盘点subsidies 补助⾦substance over form 实质重于形式subsidiary company ⼦公司subsidiary record 明细记录sum-of-the-year digits method年数总和法sundry expense 杂项费⽤supporting document 附表supplies 物料surplus 盈余surplus cash 现⾦盈余suspense account 暂记账户systematic and rational allocation 系统合理分摊Tax accounting 税务会计tax 税捐tax authorities 税务机关tax deduction 税前抵扣taxes payable 应交税⾦taxable profit 可征税利润temporary account 暂时性账户temporary payment 暂付款temporary receipt 暂收款time deposit 定期存款timeliness 及时性total cost 总成本total 合计trade creditor 进货客户trade discount 销售折扣trade debtor 销货客户trade receivable 应收账款trademark 商标transaction 交易transfer voucher 转账传票transfer 转账transportation 运输费travelling 差旅费treasury bill ⼀年以内的短期国债treasury note 五年以内的中期国债treasury stock 库存股trial balance 试算平衡表trust 信托turnover 营业额T-account t型账户unappropriated surplus 未分配盈余understandability 可理解性unearned revenue 预收收⼊unit cost 单位成本unlimited company ⽆限公司unlimited liability ⽆限责任unpaid dividend 未付股利valuation 估价valuation adjustments 计价调整value 价值value-added tax 增值税variable production overhead可变制造费⽤vendor 卖主voucher 传票volume rebate 数量折扣wage allocation sheet ⼯资分配表wage rate ⼯资率wage payable 应付⼯资wage ⼯资warehouse receipt 仓库收据warrant 认股权warranty 产品质保warranty cost 产品质量保证费⽤wear and tear 秏损welfare expense 褔利费Window dressing 门⾯粉饰work order ⼯作通知单work in progress 在产品written off 注销written down 减记year end 年结yield 收益率zero-coupon bonds 零息债券我国会计准则1. Inventories2.Long-term Equity Investments3. Investment Property4. Fixed Assets5. Biological Assets6. Intangible Assets7. Exchange of Non-monetary Assets8. Impairment of Assets9. Employee Compensation10. Enterprise Annuity Fund11. Share-based Payment12. Debt Restructurings13. Contingencies14. Revenue15. Construction Contracts16. Government Grants17. Borrowing Costs18. Income Taxes19. Foreign Currency Translation20. Business Combinations21. Leases22. Recognition and Measurement of Financial Instruments23. Transfer of Financial Assets24. Hedging25. Direct Insurance Contracts26. Re-insurance Contracts27. Extraction of Petroleum and Natural Gas28.Changes in Accounting Policies and Estimates, and Correction of Errors29. Events after the Balance Sheet Date30.Presentation of FinancialStatements31. Cash Flow Statements32. Interim Financial Reporting33. Consolidated FinancialStatements34. Earnings per Share35. Segment Reporting36. Related Party Disclosures37. Presentation of FinancialInstruments38. First Time Adoption ofAccounting Standards for BusinessEnterprisesMeasurement of Current Assets①Cash and receivables—net realizable value②Investments in debt and equity securities—in most cases, current market value③Inventories—cost (FIFO,LIFO,etc.)or lower-of-cost-or-market④Prepaid expenses—historical cost Elements of the Income StatementIn FASB Statement of Concepts No. 6, the FASB defined the elements or "building blocks" of the income statement:RevenuesExpensesGainsLossesRevenues are inflows of assets of a company or settlement of its liabilities during a period from delivering or producing goods, rendering services, or other activities that are the company’s ongoing major or central operations.Expenses are outflows of assets of a company or incurrence of liabilitiesduring a period from delivering orproducing goods, rendering services,or carrying out other activities thatare the company’s ongoing major orcentral operations.Gains are increases in a company’sequity (net assets) from peripheral orincidental transactions of thecompany and from all other eventsand circumstances affecting thecompany during a period except thosethat result from revenues orinvestments by ownersLosses are decreases in a company’sequity (net assets) from peripheral orincidental transactions of thecompany and from all other eventsand circumstances affecting thecompany during a period except thosethat result from expenses ordistributions to owners.Beginning inventory+ Net purchases+ Freight-in+ Other inventory acquisitioncosts= Cost of goods available for sale–Ending inventory=Cost of goods soldRevenue versus Gains1Revenue 收⼊: arises in the courseof the ordinary operating activities of an entity.2Gains利得: arise from transactions that are incidental to the entity’s main revenue-generating activities. Gains represent increases in economicbenefits and as such are not really different in nature from revenue. IASB does not treat them as separate financial statement element.Fair value measurement of revenue EX: Han’s is a car dealer introducing a special offer deal for a new model. The offer is either a cash payment in full of $40 000 or a extended credit term of one year of $42 000. Accounts receivable 42 000 Sales 40 000 Unearned interest revenue 2 000 To record the credit sale.Cash 42 000 Accounts receivable 42 000 To record the payment for accounts receivable.Unearned interest revenue 2 000 Interest revenue 2 000 To record the interest earned.Trade discounts and cash discounts Example: On June 3, Ben Corp. sold to Chester Inc., merchandise having a sale price of $5,000 with terms of 2/10,n/60. On June 12, Ben received a check for the balance due from Chester.Sales returns and allowancesOn May 10, Lex Company sells Max shop 20 specially monogrammed shirts, which costing $25 each, at $40. Accounts Receivable 800Sales 800 Cost of Goods Sold 500Inventory 500To record sale on account.On May 13, Max returns 2 shirts to Lex because of blots.Sales Returns and Allowances 80 AccountsReceivable 80 Inventory 50Cost of Goods Sold 50To record return of shirt of credit. Sales returns and allowances- continuedOn May 14, Max asks for a price reduction of $60 on the remaining shirts because the logo was slightly smaller than ordered; Lex agrees to the price reduction.Sales Returns and Allowances 60 Accounts Receivable 60 To record an allowance given for a monogramming error.On May 25, Max remits the amount owned. Journal entries of Lex Company are as follows:Cash 660 Accounts Receivable 660 To record payment on account receivable.。
(完整word版)会计英语期末复习资料v.docx
09《会计英语》期末复习资料eful Phrases （短语）这个是给出中文让写英文1.Trading securities交易性金融资产2.Notes/accounts receivable应收票据 /帐款3.Provision for bad debts 坏帐准备4.Advances to suppliers 预付帐款5.Prepaid expenses待摊费用 (考过 )6.Accrued expenses 预提费用7.Accrued payroll 应付工资8.Dividends payable 应付股利9.Provision for loss on realization of inventory 存货变现损失准备10.Available-for-sale securities 可供出售的金融资产11.Hold-to-maturity securities 持有至到期投资12.Long-term investment in equity 长期股权投资13.Long-term investment maturing within one year 一年内到期的长期投资14.Receivables collectible after one year 一年以上应收款项15.Fixed assets - cost固定资产原价16.Fixed assets–net book value 固定资产净值17.Fixed assets–pending disposal 固定资产清理18.Accumulated depreciation 累计折旧19.Construction in progress 在建工程20.Intangible assets 无形资产21.Proprietary technology and patents 工业产权及专有技术22.Deferred tax assets递延所得税资产23.Current liabilities 流动债务24.Provisions for foreseeable liabilities 预计负债准备25.Premium/discount on debentures payable应付公司债券溢价 /折价26.Deferred tax liabilities 递延所得税负债27.Paid-in capital 实收资本28.Capital/Earnings surplus 资本 /盈余公积29.Undistributed profits 末分配利润30.Accumulated losses 累计亏损31.Profit and loss account利润表32.Sales discounts and allowances销售折扣与折让33.Impairment losses of assets资产减值损失34.Gain/loss on changes in fair value 公允价值变动收益 /损失35.Operating profit/loss 营业利润 / 亏损36.Non-operating income/expenses营业外收入 /支出 profit/loss after tax 税后净利润 /亏损38.Earnings per share (EPS)每股收益39.Basic/diluted EPS 基本 /稀释每股收益II.Abbreviations （缩略语）这个是给简写让你写出英语跟中文1.GAAP : Generally Accepted Accounting Principles .公认会计原则2.FASB : Financial Accounting Standards Board.财务会计准则委员会3.AICPA : American Institute of Certified Public Accountants.美国注册会计师协会4.CICPA : Chinese Institute of Certified Public Accountants.中国注册会计师协会5.MOF : the Ministry of Finance财政部6.SL Method : straight-line method.直线法P.252/77.ROA :return on assets资.产报酬率P.267/78.EPS :earning per share每.股收益P.351/99.P/E Ratio : the price/earning ration市盈率10.SCF : the statement of cash flows现金流量表III.Questions （回答问题）Lesson 1 --- Home AssignmentsDiscussion Questions: p.221.What are the four financial statements prepared by a proprietorship toprovide information for decision making?√They are: income statement (profit and loss account), statement of owner’s equity (capital statement, statement of retained earnings), balance sheet and cash flow statement.2.What is the proper formula presentation of the accounting equation?√Assets = Liabilities + [owner ’s equity + (Revenue–Expenses)]Exercise 1 - 2: p.23Foreman Corporation, engaged in a service business,completed the following selected transactions during the period:√1)Issued additional capital stock, receiving cash;2)Purchased supplies on account;3)Returned defective supplies purchased on account and not yet paid for;4)Received cash as a refund from the erroneous overpayment of anexpense;5)Charged customers for services sold on account;6)Paid utilities expense;7)Paid a creditor on account;8)Received cash on account from charge customers;9)Paid cash dividends to stockholders;10)Determined the amount of supplies used during the month.Lesson 2 --- Home AssignmentsDiscussion Questions: p.631.Does debit always mean increase and credit always mean decrease?√No, it does not. And debit or credit should not be confused with increase ordecrease. It depends on which side of an account is used for debit or credit.2.Given that assets have economic value and that they have debit balances,why do expenses also have debit balances?√Because expenses have the effect of decreasing capital, and just as decreases incapital are recorded as debit, increases in expense accounts are recorded as debits. Lesson 3---Home AssignmentsAnswer the following questions:1.Briefly explain the matching principle. （考过）√The matching principle states that expenses should be deducted (matched against) from the revenues earned in the same period.2.Why is an unearned revenue a liability? √Unearned revenue is a liability because the business owes the customer a good or service.Lesson 7---Home Assignments1.What do determinable current liabilities include? P.291 √They include trade accounts payable, current notes payable, current maturities of long-term obligations, cash dividends payable, accrued liabilities, and prepayments or deposits from customers.2.What does non-current liabilities represent? P.306 √It represents obligations of the firm that generally are due more than one yearafter the balance sheet date.3.What does the major portion of non-current liabilities consist of?P.306It consists of notes and bonds payable.Lesson 8---Home AssignmentsAnswer the following questions:1.What determines the yield rate of a company’s stock? √Dividends per share divided by market price per share determine the yield rateof a company‘s stock.2.What is P/E ratio? √The Price/Earning (P/E) ratio is the ratio of the market price per share toearnings per share.Lesson 9---Home AssignmentsAnswer the following questions:1.What are the three categories into which the SCF should be classified?They are a) cash flow from operating activities, b) cash flow from investing activities, cash flow from financing activities. √2.What is the usefulness of the SCF?√From SCF, the information users can know the reasons for the difference between net income and net cash flows from operating activities.IV .E-C Translation （英汉语篇翻译）让你写中文意思P.49/L.21.Preparing a Trial BalanceAccountants usually complete the posting of journal entries to the ledger accounts at the end of each month if they are using a manual system. With a computerized system, each posting is done automatically as each journal entry is recorded. The equality of debits and credits in the ledger should be verified at the end of each accounting period. To verify the accuracy of the recording process, accountants prepare a trial balance of the ledger accounts. A trial balance not only provides a check on the equality of debits and credits but also is a useful summary of account balances for preparing financial statements.[参考译文 ]编制试算表（考过）若使用的是手工录入系统的话，会计师通常是在每个月的月底完成日记帐到分类帐的过帐工作；若是用计算机系统的话，则每次过帐均在完成每笔日记帐的同时就自动完成了。
会计英语总复习
会计英语总复习1. The definition of accounting: Accounting is the process of recording, classifying, summarizing, analyzing and interpreting business transactions in monetary terms. Accounting is often called “the language of business.”P12. The definition of assets, liability, equity, income, expense and profit. P2-33. Accounting equation (会计等式): asset = liability + owner’s equity. P24. owner withdrawal (所有者退股) influences owner’s equity.5. Double-entry bookkeeping: every transaction is recorded at least twice.6. A credit note (抵扣发票) may be issued (签发) when the seller has:P151) Overstated the amount payable on an invoice.发票上超额的应付款项2) Received goods returned from customers.收到客户退货的货物3) Damaged goods were sent to the buyer.有损坏的货物发给购买方4) Discount is allowed to the buyer.给购买方的折扣7. The definition and description of bank draft. P198. What is direct debit? P209. drawer/maker 出票人；payee 收款人；drawee 付款人10. P2711. Personal accounts are memorandum accounts only, which to indicate that the recording of transactions in these accounts is not part of the double entry. 个别账户仅作为备查账簿存在，他们并不遵循复式记账原则。
会计英语期末知识点汇总
会计英语期末知识点汇总会计是一门涉及记录、报告和分析财务数据的学科。
在全球范围内，英语是会计领域的共通语言。
掌握会计英语是会计专业学生的基本要求。
为了帮助大家复习期末考试，本文将汇总一些会计英语的重要知识点。
1. 财务报表财务报表是记录和反映一个企业财务状况、经营业绩的文件。
常见的财务报表包括资产负债表、利润表和现金流量表。
1.1 资产负债表（Balance Sheet）资产负债表展示了一个企业在特定日期的资产、负债和所有者权益。
其中，资产包括固定资产、流动资产等；负债包括短期负债、长期负债等；所有者权益是指企业资产减去负债后剩余的部分。
1.2 利润表（Income Statement）利润表显示了一个企业在特定期间内的营业收入、营业成本、税前利润和净利润。
利润表反映了一个企业的盈亏情况。
1.3 现金流量表（Cash Flow Statement）现金流量表记录了一个企业在特定期间内的现金流入和流出情况。
它分为经营活动、投资活动和筹资活动三个部分。
2. 会计原则和概念2.1 会计原则（Accounting Principles）会计原则是会计行业的标准规范，确保财务报表的准确性和可比性。
常见的会计原则包括实体概念、会计周期概念、成本概念等。
2.2 会计概念（Accounting Concepts）会计概念是会计原则的细化和解释。
常见的会计概念包括货币计量、持续性、历史成本等。
3. 账户和分类3.1 资产账户（Asset Accounts）资产账户是用来记录企业拥有的资源，如现金、存货、应收账款等。
3.2 负债账户（Liability Accounts）负债账户是用来记录企业所欠的债务，如应付账款、短期借款等。
3.3 所有者权益账户（Equity Accounts）所有者权益账户用来记录企业的资本和所有者的权益，如股本、留存收益等。
3.4 收入账户（Revenue Accounts）收入账户用来记录企业的收入来源，如销售收入、利息收入等。
会计专业英语知识点汇总
会计专业英语知识点汇总会计专业是现代商业领域中非常重要的一门专业。
在学习会计专业时，除了掌握会计理论和实践技巧外，掌握一定的英语知识也是非常重要的。
本文将为大家汇总一些会计专业的英语知识点，希望能够帮助到学习会计专业的同学们。
1.会计基础知识 (Accounting Basics)–Assets：资产–Liabilities：负债–Equity：所有者权益–Revenue：收入–Expenses：费用–Balance Sheet：资产负债表–Income Statement：损益表–Cash Flow Statement：现金流量表2.会计准则和规范 (Accounting Standards and Regulations)–Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP)：通用会计准则–International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS)：国际财务报告准则–Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB)：美国财务会计准则委员会–International Accounting Standards Board (IASB)：国际会计准则委员会3.资产负债表相关术语 (Balance Sheet Terminology)–Current Assets：流动资产–Non-current Assets：非流动资产–Current Liabilities：流动负债–Non-current Liabilities：非流动负债–Shareholders’ Equity：股东权益–Goodwill：商誉–Depreciation：折旧–Amortization：摊销4.损益表相关术语 (Income Statement Terminology)–Gross Profit：毛利润–Operating Income：营业收入–Operating Expenses：营业费用–Net Income：净收入–Earnings per Share (EPS)：每股收益5.现金流量表相关术语 (Cash Flow Statement Terminology)–Cash Inflows：现金流入–Cash Outflows：现金流出–Operating Activities：经营活动–Investing Activities：投资活动–Financing Activities：筹资活动–Net Cash Flow：净现金流量6.会计报表分析 (Financial Statement Analysis)–Ratio Analysis：比率分析–Liquidity Ratios：流动性比率–Solvency Ratios：偿债能力比率–Profitability Ratios：盈利能力比率–Efficiency Ratios：效率比率7.审计和内部控制 (Auditing and Internal Control)–Audit：审计–Internal Control：内部控制–Segregation of Duties：职责分离–Internal Audit：内部审计–External Audit：外部审计8.税务会计 (Tax Accounting)–Taxable Income：应税收入–Tax Deductions：税收减免–Tax Credits：税收抵免–Tax Liability：税务负债–Tax Planning：税务规划这些是会计专业中一些重要的英语知识点，希望能够帮助到学习会计专业的同学们。
会计英语期末知识点总结
会计英语期末知识点总结1. Basic Concepts of Accounting1.1. Financial AccountingFinancial accounting is the process of recording, summarizing, and reporting financial transactions of a business to external parties such as investors, creditors, and regulators. It provides a comprehensive view of the financial performance and position of a company.1.2. Managerial AccountingManagerial accounting is the process of providing financial and non-financial information to internal management for decision making, planning, and control. It focuses on providing relevant and timely information to support the management in making informed decisions.1.3. Accounting PrinciplesGenerally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) are a set of guidelines and rules that govern the accounting practices and procedures in the United States. These principles ensure consistency and comparability in financial reporting.1.4. Double-Entry AccountingDouble-entry accounting is a system in which every financial transaction has equal and opposite effects on at least two different accounts. This system ensures accuracy and completeness in recording financial transactions.1.5. Accrual Basis vs. Cash Basis AccountingAccrual basis accounting recognizes revenues when earned and expenses when incurred, regardless of when cash is received or paid. Cash basis accounting, on the other hand, recognizes revenues and expenses only when cash is received or paid.2. Financial Statements2.1. Balance SheetA balance sheet is a financial statement that shows the financial position of a company at a specific point in time. It presents the assets, liabilities, and equity of the business, providinga snapshot of its financial health.2.2. Income StatementAn income statement, also known as a profit and loss statement, shows the revenues, expenses, and profits (or losses) of a company over a specific period of time. It provides a summary of the company's financial performance.2.3. Statement of Cash FlowsThe statement of cash flows shows the sources and uses of cash in a company's operating, investing, and financing activities. It provides insights into the cash flow dynamics of a business.2.4. Statement of Retained EarningsThe statement of retained earnings shows the changes in a company's retained earnings over a specific period, including net income, dividends, and other adjustments. It reconciles the beginning and ending balances of retained earnings.3. Key Principles in Accounting3.1. Historical Cost PrincipleThe historical cost principle requires assets to be recorded at their original cost, rather than their current market value. This principle ensures reliability and objectivity in financial reporting.3.2. Revenue Recognition PrincipleThe revenue recognition principle states that revenues should be recognized when earned, regardless of when cash is received. This principle ensures that revenues are matched with the expenses incurred to generate them.3.3. Matching PrincipleThe matching principle requires expenses to be recognized in the same period as the revenues they help generate. This principle ensures that the income statement accurately reflects the profitability of a company.3.4. Full Disclosure PrincipleThe full disclosure principle requires companies to disclose all relevant information in their financial statements and footnotes, providing a complete and transparent view of their financial position and performance.3.5. Consistency PrincipleThe consistency principle requires companies to use the same accounting methods and techniques from one period to the next, providing consistent and comparable financial information.In conclusion, accounting is a vital function in any business organization. It provides crucial information that helps in decision-making, planning, and control. By understanding the basic concepts, financial statements, and key principles in accounting, stakeholders can make informed judgments about the financial health and performance of a company.。
2020年(财务会计)会计专业英语复习资料
（财务会计）会计专业英语复习资料会计专业英语复习资料一、短语中英互译1、会计分录2、投资活动3、后进先出法4、客观性原则5、注册会计师6、权责发生制7、累计折旧8、资产负债表9、经营决策10、银行存款11、到期日12、历史成本13、sourcedocument14、nominalrate15、creditsale16、sum-of-years-digitsmethod17、economicentityassumption18、financialposition19、fixedassets20、publichearing21、incomestatement22、salesdiscount23、valueaddedtax24、trademark25、bankoverdraft二、从下列选项中选出最佳答案1、Generally，revenueisrecordedbyabusinessenterpriseatapointwhen：()A、M anagementdecidesitisappropriatetodosoB、TheproductisavailableforsaletoconsumersC、A nexchangehastakenplaceandtheearningprocessisvirtuallycompleteD、Anorderformerchandisehasbeenreceived2、Whyarecertaincostscapitalizedwhenincurredandthendepreciatedoramorti zedoversubsequentaccountingperiods？()A、T oreducetheincometaxliabilityB、ToaidmanagementinmakingbusinessdecisionsC、T omatchthecostsofproductionwithrevenueasearnedD、Toadheretotheaccountingconceptofconservatism3、Whataccountingprincipleorconceptjustifiestheuseofaccrualsanddeferrals ？()A、G oingconcernB、MaterialityC、C onsistencyD、Stablemonetaryunit4、Anaccruedexpensecanbestbedescribedasanamount()A、P aidandcurrentlymatchedwithrevenueB、PaidandnotcurrentlymatchedwithrevenueC、N otpaidandnotcurrentlymatchedwithrevenueD、Notpaidandcurrentlymatchedwithrevenue5、Continuationofabusinessenterpriseintheabsenceofcontraryevidenceisane xampleoftheprincipleorconceptof()A、B usinessentityB、ConsistencyC、G oingconcernD、Substanceoverform6、Inpreparingabankreconciliation，theamountofchecksoutstandingwouldbe：()A、a ddedtothebankbalanceaccordingtothebankstatement.B、deductedfromthebankbalanceaccordingtothebankstatement.C、a ddedtothecashbalanceaccordingtothedepositor’srecords.D、deductedfromthecashbalanceaccordingtothedepositor’srecords.7、Journalentriesbasedonthebankreconciliationarerequiredfor：()A、a dditionstothecashbalanceaccordingtothedepositor’srecords.B、deductionsfromthecashbalanceaccordingtothedepositor’srecords.C、B othAandBD、NeitherAnorB8、Apettycashfundis：()A、u sedtopayrelativelysmallamounts。
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Debit
Credit
Debit
Credit
Debit
Credit
+
-
-
+
-
+
Exhibit 3.8
Equity
Owner’s Capital
Capital
_
Owner’s Withdrawals
Withdrawals
+
Revenues
Revenues
_
Expenses
Expenses
Debit Credit
2) Adjusting for Amortization
Accumulated Amortization
Credit Adjustment
Amortization Expense
Debit Adjustment
As a capital asset wears out over time, an expense is recorded to match the cost of the asset over the periods benefited. This adjusting entry uses a contra account called Accumulated Amortization. This account would be subtracted from the capital asset account to which it related on the balance sheet.
Framework for Adjustments
Adjustments
Prepaid Expenses
Amortization
Unearned Revenues
Accrued Expenses
Accrued Revenues
Transactions where cash is paid or received before a related expense or revenue is recognized.
Business transactions always affect at least two elements in the accounting equation. The accounting equation is: Assets = Liabilities + Equity
After a transaction is recorded, the accounting equation must be in balance.
P28
9 steps Analyze transactions Journalize transactions Post to the ledger Prepare unadjusted trial balance Make adjustment Prepare Adjusted trial balance Prepare Fiancial statements Journalizing and post closing entries Prepare post-closing trial balance
Finlay Interiors Trial Balance January 31, 2001 Cash Accounts receivable Prepaid insurance Supplies Equipment Accounts payable Unearned consulting revenue Notes payable Carol Finlay, Capital Carol Finlay, Withdrawals Consulting revenue Rental revenue Rent expense Salaries expense Utilities expense Total $ Debits 8,070 2,400 3,600 26,000 $ Credits
3 Financial statements (names, contents) P5
Income statement
Statement of owner’s equity
Balance sheet
Statement of cash flow
4 Accounting equation
P10-13
What is accounting? What is the objective (aim) of accounting? Who are the users of accounting information?
2 Accounting principles P4
IASB – International Accounting Board (since
Revenue Recognition Principle
Matching Principle Time Period Principle Full Disclosure Principle Consistency Principle Materiality Principle
Conservatism Principle
Exhibit 3.2
Assets
=
Liabilities
+
Equity
Owner’s Capital
Owner’s Withdrawals
Revenues
Expenses
Exhibit 3.7
Assets
ASSETS
=
Liabilities
LIABILITIES
+
Equity
EQUITIES
200 3,000 6,000 30,000 3,800 300
600
$
1,000 1,400 230 43,300
A Trial Balance is a listing of all accounts and their balances at a point in time. This information is taken from the general ledger after all entries have been posted from the general journal. It ensures that Dr = Cr
2001)
IAS: International Accounting Standards
IFRS: International Financial Reporting
Standards
Business Entity Principle Objectivity Principle Cost Principle Going-Concern Principle Monetary Unit Principle
The matching principle 配比原则
o
requires that expenses be matched to the period the revenue was earned
17
Adjusting Accounts
An adjusting entry is recorded to bring an asset or liability account balance to its proper amount.
Accounting English Summary
考试题型
单项选择题（20题，20分）
填空题（10分）
英汉互译题（单词、句子，30分） 业务处理题（3题，30分） 短文阅读与缩写题（10分） 6月25日14：30-16：30 南教401
Chapter 1
1 Accounting is an information system P2
Assets
Assets
Debit for Credit for
=
-
Liabilities
Liabilities
Debit for Credit for
+
Equity
Owner's Capital
Debit for Credit for
+
Normal
-
+
Normal
-
+
Normal
3 Accounting cycle
Transactions where cash is paid or received after a related expense or revenue is recognized.
1) Adjusting Prepaid Expenses
Prepaid asset
Unadjusted Balance Credit Adjustment
-
+
Debit Credit
+
-
Debit Credit
-
Debit Credit
+
+
-
Note that each account has a normal balance.
The normal balance is always on the increasing side of the account.
Not GAAP
Need for adjustments
The revenue principle 收入实现原则
o
requires that revenue be assigned to the accounting period in which it is earned, rather than the period in which it is collected in cash.