2020河东区三模
天津市河东区2019-2020学年中考物理三模试卷含解析
天津市河东区2019-2020学年中考物理三模试卷一、单选题（本大题共10小题，共30分）1．如图所示电路中，电源电压为6V，甲、乙两灯泡的规格相同.当闭合开关S后，两灯都不亮.用电压表进行检测，A、B两点间的电压为零，B、C两点间的电压为6V，造成故障可能的原因是（）A．电源处接触不良B．开关处接触不良C．乙灯处接触不良或灯丝断开D．甲灯处接触不良或灯丝断开C【解析】试题分析：根据电压表在电路中的作用进行分析，即电路发生断路时，电压表检测时，有电压的线路出现断路（电源除外）．解：因为两个灯泡都不亮，所以电路出现断路，又因为电压表检测AB两点间的电压为零，B、C两点间的电压为6V（即电源电压），所以A、B两点间连接完好，B、C两点间有断路，即乙灯接触不良或灯丝断路．故选C．【点评】知道电压表和电流表在电路中的作用，会用电压表和电流表检测电路中的故障．2．下列自然现象中需要吸热的是（）A．早春河流上冰的消融B．初夏旷夜里雾的形成C．深秋草木上露的出现D．初冬砖瓦上霜的生成A【解析】【分析】【详解】需要吸热的物态变化是熔化、汽化和升华；早春河流上冰的消融是熔化现象，熔化吸热，故选项A符合题意；初夏旷夜里雾的形成，是液化现象，液化放热，故选项B不符合题意；深秋草木上露的出现，是液化现象，液化放热，故选项C不符合题意；初冬砖瓦上霜的生成是凝华现象，凝华放热，故选项D不符合题意．3．下列数值最接近实际情况的是A．物理课本的长度约为26dmB．人体的正常体温约为39℃C．托起两个鸡蛋的力大约是1ND．人正常眨眼一次所用的时间的为1sC【解析】【详解】A、初中物理课本的长度在30cm左右，选项A错误B、人体的正常体温是36.5℃左右，故B错误；C、一斤鸡蛋大约10个，因此一个鸡蛋的质量大约为0.05kg，若承载两个鸡蛋保持静止不动，大约需要0.05kg×2×10N/kg=1N，故C正确；D、人们常用“眨眼之间”形容时间短，正常眨一次眼的时间不到1s，故D错误；4．小明看到如图所示斜插入水中的筷子向上折，如图所示的四幅光路图中，能正确说明产生这一现象的原因的是()A．B．C．D．D【解析】【详解】如图所示斜插入水中的筷子向上折，是光线由水中斜射入空气中时，发生折射而形成的，折射角大于入射角．AB、光线由空气射入水中，错误；C、折射角小于入射角，错误；D、光从水中斜射入空气中，折射角大于入射角，正确；故选D．5．在全运会开幕式上，有人观察到会场主旗杆上的旗帜和两位火炬手刚结束传递时手中火炬火焰的状况如图所示，下列说法中正确的是( )A．甲、乙两火炬手一定向左运动B．甲、乙两火炬手一定向右运动C．甲火炬手可能静止，乙火炬手向右运动D．乙火炬手可能静止，甲火炬手向右运动D【解析】【详解】AC．由图可知，主旗杆上的旗帜向右飘，说明风相对于地面一定向右吹；甲的火焰向左偏，说明甲火炬手一定向右运动，并且甲运动的速度大于风的速度，故AC错误；BD．乙的火焰向右偏，乙火炬手可以静止，可以向左运动，还可以向右运动但是速度必须小于风的速度，故B错误，D正确．6．大游轮向东匀速直线行驶，小金面朝游轮前进方向，在游轮上的A位置竖直向上起跳，落下时的位置在（不计空气阻力）（）A．A 位置的东侧B．A 位置的西侧C．A 位置D．以上三种情况都有可能C【解析】游轮匀速直线运动时，人游轮上竖直向上跳起时，由于惯性仍然保持与游轮相同的运动速度和运动方向，所以会落回原处．故选C．点睛：物体保持原来运动状态不变的性质叫做惯性，惯性是物体固有的属性，一切物体在任何情况下都有惯性，据此解答．7．随着我国经济的持续增长，汽车己进入千家万户。
2020届临沂市河东区实验中学高三生物三模试卷及答案
2020届临沂市河东区实验中学高三生物三模试卷及答案一、选择题：本题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分。
每小题只有一个选项符合题目要求。
1. 某单细胞生物，体内不具有叶绿体但有叶绿素，它最可能是（）A.真核生物B.异养生物C.无核膜的生物D.有线粒体的生物2. 水与无机盐在生物生命活动过程中具有重要作用。
下列有关细胞中水、无机盐的叙述，正确的是（）A. 水大多以结合水存在，无机盐大多以离子态存在B. 人体中无机盐种类很多，可为生命活动提供能量C. 细胞中的水和无机盐均可参与细胞结构的构建D. 结合水是细胞中良好的溶剂，还能参与生化反应3. 下图中的a、b、c分别表示人体内三种细胞外液，细胞1、2、3分别表示处于该细胞外液中的细胞，箭头表示这三种液体之间的相互关系。
下列有关叙述正确的是（）①a的蛋白质含量最高①细胞2中有的种类不消耗O2①液体c可能含有激素和消化酶①细胞3的种类最多A.①①B.①①C.①①D.①①4. 艾滋病是由人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）引起的，死亡率极高，如图为该病毒的致病机理。
有一小部分人因其CCR5基因突变，对艾滋病有很好的抵抗力。
而多项研究相继表明CCR5蛋白会与名为β﹣趋化因子的蛋白相互作用，在体内对登革热、西尼罗病毒等产生免疫反应。
下列说法错误的是（）A.HIV在靶细胞中的增殖过程需要逆转录酶的参与B.只有极少数人对艾滋病有天然抵抗力是因为基因突变频率低C.对艾滋病有天然抵抗力的人可能对登革热也有天然免疫力D.通过敲除CCR5基因有利于治疗艾滋病5. 下列有关显微镜操作的叙述，错误的是A. 因为藓类的叶片大，在高倍显微镜下容易找到，所以可以直接使用高倍镜观察B. 转换高倍物镜之前，应先将所要观察的物像移到视野正中央C. 为观察低倍镜视野中位于左下方的细胞，应将装片向左下方移动D. 与低倍镜相比高倍镜下的视野要暗一些，看到的细胞要少一些6. 英国医生塞达尼·任格在对离体蛙心进行实验中发现，用不含钙和钾的生理盐水灌注蛙心，收缩不能维持。
天津市河东区2019-2020学年第三次中考模拟考试数学试卷含解析
天津市河东区2019-2020学年第三次中考模拟考试数学试卷一、选择题（本大题共12个小题，每小题4分，共48分．在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的．）1．如图，⊙O中，弦AB、CD相交于点P，若∠A＝30°，∠APD＝70°，则∠B等于（）A．30°B．35°C．40°D．50°2．一个两位数，它的十位数字是3，个位数字是抛掷一枚质地均匀的骰子（六个面分别标有数字1﹣6）朝上一面的数字，任意抛掷这枚骰子一次，得到的两位数是3的倍数的概率等于（）A．16B．13C．12D．233．如图,在△ABC中,∠ACB=90°, ∠ABC=60°, BD平分∠ABC ,P点是BD的中点,若AD=6, 则CP的长为( )A．3.5 B．3 C．4 D．4.54．对假命题“任何一个角的补角都不小于这个角”举反例，正确的反例是( )A．∠α＝60°，∠α的补角∠β＝120°，∠β＞∠αB．∠α＝90°，∠α的补角∠β＝90°，∠β＝∠αC．∠α＝100°，∠α的补角∠β＝80°，∠β＜∠αD．两个角互为邻补角5．由一些大小相同的小正方体组成的几何体的俯视图如图所示，其中正方形中的数字表示在该位置上的小正方体的个数，那么，这个几何体的左视图是（）A．B．C．D．6．点A（4，3）经过某种图形变化后得到点B（-3，4），这种图形变化可以是（）A．关于x轴对称B．关于y轴对称C．绕原点逆时针旋转90o D．绕原点顺时针旋转90o7．剪纸是我国传统的民间艺术．下列剪纸作品既不是中心对称图形，也不是轴对称图形的是（）A．B．C．D．8．如图，正方形ABCD的对角线AC与BD相交于点O，∠ACB的角平分线分别交AB，BD于M，N 两点．若AM＝2，则线段ON的长为( )A．22B．3C．1 D．69．某厂接到加工720件衣服的订单，预计每天做48件，正好按时完成，后因客户要求提前5天交货，设每天应多做x件才能按时交货，则x应满足的方程为( )A．72072054848x-=+B．72072054848x+=+C．720720548x-=D．72072054848x-=+10．小桐把一副直角三角尺按如图所示的方式摆放在一起，其中90E∠=o，90C o∠=，45A∠=o，30D∠=o，则12∠+∠等于()A．150o B．180o C．210o D．270o11．已知M，N，P，Q四点的位置如图所示，下列结论中，正确的是( )A．∠NOQ＝42°B．∠NOP＝132°C．∠PON比∠MOQ大D．∠MOQ与∠MOP互补12．如图，将△ABC绕点C顺时针旋转，点B的对应点为点E，点A的对应点为点D，当点E恰好落在边AC 上时，连接AD ，若∠ACB=30°，则∠DAC 的度数是( )A ．60oB ．65oC ．70oD ．75o二、填空题：（本大题共6个小题，每小题4分，共24分．）13．若正多边形的一个外角是45°，则该正多边形的边数是_________.14．哈尔滨市某楼盘以每平方米10000元的均价对外销售，经过连续两次上调后，均价为每平方米12100元，则平均每次上调的百分率为_____．15．在△ABC 中，点D 在边BC 上，且BD ：DC=1：2，如果设AB u u u r =a r ，AC u u u r =b r ，那么BD u u u r等于__（结果用a r 、b r 的线性组合表示）．16．如图，四边形OABC 中，AB ∥OC ，边OA 在x 轴的正半轴上，OC 在y 轴的正半轴上，点B 在第一象限内，点D 为AB 的中点，CD 与OB 相交于点E ，若△BDE 、△OCE 的面积分别为1和9，反比例函数y=k x的图象经过点B ，则k=_______.17．如图，⊙O 的半径OD ⊥弦AB 于点C ，连结AO 并延长交⊙O 于点E ，连结EC ．若AB ＝8，CD ＝2，则EC 的长为_______．18．一艘轮船在小岛A 的北偏东60°方向距小岛80海里的B 处，沿正西方向航行3小时后到达小岛的北偏西45°的C 处，则该船行驶的速度为____________海里/时．三、解答题：（本大题共9个小题，共78分，解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤．19．（6分）在“传箴言”活动中，某班团支部对该班全体团员在一个月内所发箴言条数的情况进行了统计，并制成了如图所示的两幅不完整的统计图：求该班团员在这一个月内所发箴言的平均条数是多少？并将该条形统计图补充完整；如果发了3条箴言的同学中有两位男同学，发了4条箴言的同学中有三位女同学.现要从发了3条箴言和4条箴言的同学中分别选出一位参加该校团委组织的“箴言”活动总结会，请你用列表法或树状图的方法求出所选两位同学恰好是一位男同学和一位女同学的概率.20．（6分）一家商店进行装修，若请甲、乙两个装修组同时施工，8天可以完成，需付两组费用共3520元，若先请甲组单独做6天，再请乙组单独做12天可以完成，需付费用3480元，问：(1)甲，乙两组工作一天，商店各应付多少钱?(2)已知甲单独完成需12天，乙单独完成需24天，单独请哪个组，商店所需费用最少?(3)若装修完后，商店每天可贏利200元，你认为如何安排施工更有利于商店?请你帮助商店决策.(可用(1)(2)问的条件及结论)21．（6分）已知：如图，∠ABC，射线BC上一点D，求作：等腰△PBD，使线段BD为等腰△PBD的底边，点P在∠ABC内部，且点P到∠ABC两边的距离相等．22．（8分）某商场计划购进A、B两种新型节能台灯共100盏，这两种台灯的进价、售价如表所示：（1）若商场预计进货款为3500元，则这两种台灯各购进多少盏？（2）若商场规定B型台灯的进货数量不超过A型台灯数量的3倍，应怎样进货才能使商场在销售完这批台灯时获利最多？此时利润为多少元？23．（8分）（1）计算：()2012018839⎛⎫⨯-- ⎝-⎪⎭+ ； （2）解不等式组 ：12(3),612.2x x x x ->-⎧⎪⎨->⎪⎩ 24．（10分）已知，在平面直角坐标系xOy 中，抛物线L ：y=x 2-4x+3与x 轴交于A ，B 两点（点A 在点B 的左侧），顶点为C ．（1）求点C 和点A 的坐标．（2）定义“L 双抛图形”：直线x=t 将抛物线L 分成两部分，首先去掉其不含顶点的部分，然后作出抛物线剩余部分关于直线x=t 的对称图形，得到的整个图形称为抛物线L 关于直线x=t 的“L 双抛图形”（特别地，当直线x=t 恰好是抛物线的对称轴时，得到的“L 双抛图形”不变），①当t=0时，抛物线L 关于直找x=0的“L 双抛图形”如图所示，直线y=3与“L 双抛图形”有______个交点； ②若抛物线L 关于直线x=t 的“L 双抛图形”与直线y=3恰好有两个交点，结合图象，直接写出t 的取值范围：______；③当直线x=t 经过点A 时，“L 双抛图形”如图所示，现将线段AC 所在直线沿水平（x 轴）方向左右平移，交“L 双抛图形”于点P ，交x 轴于点Q ，满足PQ=AC 时，求点P 的坐标．25．（10分）按要求化简：（a ﹣1）÷22111a a a ab -+⋅+，并选择你喜欢的整数a ，b 代入求值． 小聪计算这一题的过程如下：解：原式＝（a ﹣1）÷2(1)(1)a a ab+-…① ＝（a ﹣1）•2(1)(1)ab a a +-…② ＝21ab a +…③ 当a ＝1，b ＝1时，原式＝12…④ 以上过程有两处关键性错误，第一次出错在第_____步（填序号），原因：_____；还有第_____步出错（填序号），原因：_____．请你写出此题的正确解答过程．26．（12分）如图，AB 是⊙O 的直径，点C 为⊙O 上一点，经过C 作CD ⊥AB 于点D ，CF 是⊙O 的切线，过点A 作AE ⊥CF 于E ，连接AC ．（1）求证：AE=AD ．（2）若AE=3，CD=4，求AB 的长．27．（12分）解方程：3x x --239x -=1参考答案一、选择题（本大题共12个小题，每小题4分，共48分．在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的．）1．C【解析】分析：欲求∠B 的度数，需求出同弧所对的圆周角∠C 的度数；△APC 中，已知了∠A 及外角∠APD 的度数，即可由三角形的外角性质求出∠C 的度数，由此得解．解答：解：∵∠APD 是△APC 的外角，∴∠APD=∠C+∠A ；∵∠A=30°，∠APD=70°，∴∠C=∠APD-∠A=40°；∴∠B=∠C=40°；故选C ．2．B【解析】【分析】直接得出两位数是3的倍数的个数，再利用概率公式求出答案．【详解】∵一枚质地均匀的骰子，其六个面上分别标有数字1，2，3，4，5，6，投掷一次，十位数为3，则两位数是3的倍数的个数为2.∴得到的两位数是3的倍数的概率为：26=13.故答案选：B.【点睛】本题考查了概率的知识点，解题的关键是根据题意找出两位数是3的倍数的个数再运用概率公式解答即可. 3．B【解析】【详解】解：∵∠ACB＝90°，∠ABC＝60°，∴∠A＝10°，∵BD平分∠ABC，∴∠ABD＝12∠ABC＝10°，∴∠A＝∠ABD，∴BD＝AD＝6，∵在Rt△BCD中，P点是BD的中点，∴CP＝12BD＝1．故选B．4．C【解析】熟记反证法的步骤，然后进行判断即可．解答：解：举反例应该是证明原命题不正确，即要举出不符合叙述的情况；A、∠α的补角∠β＞∠α，符合假命题的结论，故A错误；B、∠α的补角∠β=∠α，符合假命题的结论，故B错误；C、∠α的补角∠β＜∠α，与假命题结论相反，故C正确；D、由于无法说明两角具体的大小关系，故D错误．故选C．5．A【解析】从左面看，得到左边2个正方形，中间3个正方形，右边1个正方形．故选A．6．C【解析】分析：根据旋转的定义得到即可．详解：因为点A（4，3）经过某种图形变化后得到点B（-3，4），所以点A绕原点逆时针旋转90°得到点B，故选C．点睛：本题考查了旋转的性质：旋转前后两个图形全等，对应点到旋转中心的距离相等，对应点与旋转中心的连线段的夹角等于旋转角．7．A【解析】试题分析：根据轴对称图形和中心对称图形的概念可知：选项A既不是中心对称图形，也不是轴对称图形，故本选项正确；选项B不是中心对称图形，是轴对称图形，故本选项错误；选项C既是中心对称图形，也是轴对称图形，故本选项错误；选项D既是中心对称图形，也是轴对称图形，故本选项错误．故选A．考点：中心对称图形；轴对称图形．8．C【解析】【分析】作MH⊥AC于H，如图，根据正方形的性质得∠MAH=45°，则△AMH为等腰直角三角形，所以AH=MH=2AM=2，再根据角平分线性质得BM=MH=2，则AB=2+2，于是利用正方形的性质得到AC=2AB=22+2，OC=12AC=2+1，所以CH=AC-AH=2+2，然后证明△CON∽△CHM，再利用相似比可计算出ON的长．【详解】试题分析：作MH⊥AC于H，如图，∵四边形ABCD为正方形，∴∠MAH=45°，∴△AMH为等腰直角三角形，∴AH=MH=22AM=22×2，∵CM平分∠ACB，∴2，∴2，∴AC=2AB=2（2+2）=22+2，∴OC=12AC=2+1，CH=AC ﹣AH=22+2﹣2=2+2， ∵BD ⊥AC ，∴ON ∥MH ，∴△CON ∽△CHM ，∴ON OC MH CH =，即21222+=+， ∴ON=1．故选C ．【点睛】本题考查了相似三角形的判定与性质：在判定两个三角形相似时，应注意利用图形中已有的公共角、公共边等隐含条件，以充分发挥基本图形的作用，寻找相似三角形的一般方法是通过作平行线构造相似三角形．也考查了角平分线的性质和正方形的性质．9．D【解析】【详解】因客户的要求每天的工作效率应该为：（48+x ）件，所用的时间为：72048x+， 根据“因客户要求提前5天交货”，用原有完成时间72048减去提前完成时间72048x+， 可以列出方程：72072054848x -=+． 故选D ．10．C【解析】【分析】根据三角形的内角和定理和三角形外角性质进行解答即可．【详解】如图：1D DOA ∠∠∠=+Q ，2E EPB ∠∠∠=+，DOA COP ∠∠=Q ，EPB CPO ∠∠=，∴12D E COP CPO ∠∠∠∠∠∠+=+++=D E 180C ∠∠∠++-o=309018090210++-=o o o o o ，故选C ．【点睛】本题考查了三角形内角和定理、三角形外角的性质、熟练掌握相关定理及性质以及一副三角板中各个角的度数是解题的关键.11．C【解析】试题分析：如图所示：∠NOQ=138°，选项A 错误；∠NOP=48°，选项B 错误；如图可得∠PON=48°，∠MOQ=42°，所以∠PON 比∠MOQ 大，选项C 正确；由以上可得，∠MOQ 与∠MOP 不互补，选项D 错误．故答案选C ．考点：角的度量.12．D【解析】【详解】由题意知：△ABC ≌△DEC ，∴∠ACB=∠DCE=30°，AC=DC ，∴∠DAC=（180°−∠DCA ）÷2=（180°−30°）÷2=75°．故选D ．【点睛】本题主要考查了旋转的性质，解题的关键是掌握旋转的性质：①对应点到旋转中心的距离相等．②对应点与旋转中心所连线段的夹角等于旋转角．③旋转前、后的图形全等．二、填空题：（本大题共6个小题，每小题4分，共24分．）13．1；【解析】【分析】根据多边形外角和是360度，正多边形的各个内角相等，各个外角也相等，直接用360°÷45°可求得边数．【详解】∵多边形外角和是360度，正多边形的一个外角是45°，∴360°÷45°=1即该正多边形的边数是1．【点睛】本题主要考查了多边形外角和是360度和正多边形的性质（正多边形的各个内角相等，各个外角也相等）．14．10%【解析】【分析】设平均每次上调的百分率是x ，因为经过两次上调，且知道调前的价格和调后的价格，从而列方程求出解．【详解】设平均每次上调的百分率是x ，依题意得()2100001x 12100+=，解得：1x 10%=，2x 210%=-（不合题意，舍去）．答：平均每次上调的百分率为10%．故答案是：10%．【点睛】此题考查了一元二次方程的应用．解题关键是要读懂题目的意思，根据题目给出的条件，找出合适的等量关系，列出方程，再求解． 15．1133b a -r r 【解析】【分析】根据三角形法则求出BC uuu v即可解决问题；【详解】如图，∵AB u u u v =a v ，AC u u u v =b v， ∴BC uuu v =BA u u u v +AC u u u v =b v -a v ，∵BD=13BC ， ∴BD u u u v =1133b a -v v ． 故答案为1133b a -v v ． 【点睛】本题考查平面向量，解题的关键是熟练掌握三角形法则，属于中考常考题型．16．16【解析】【分析】根据题意得S△BDE：S△OCE=1:9，故BD：OC=1:3，设D（a,b）则A(a,0),B(a,2b)，得C(0,3b)，由S△OCE=9得ab=8，故可得解.【详解】解：设D（a,b）则A(a,0),B(a,2b)∵S△BDE：S△OCE=1:9∴BD：OC=1:3∴C(0,3b)∴△COE高是OA的34，∴S△OCE=3ba×3412=9解得ab=8k=a×2b=2ab=2×8=16故答案为16.【点睛】此题利用了：①过某个点，这个点的坐标应适合这个函数解析式；②所给的面积应整理为和反比例函数上的点的坐标有关的形式．17．【解析】【分析】设⊙O半径为r，根据勾股定理列方程求出半径r，由勾股定理依次求BE和EC的长．【详解】连接BE，设⊙O半径为r，则OA=OD=r，OC=r-2，∵OD⊥AB，∴∠ACO=90°，AC=BC=12AB=4，在Rt△ACO中，由勾股定理得：r2=42+（r-2）2，r=5，∴AE=2r=10，∵AE为⊙O的直径，∴∠ABE=90°，由勾股定理得：BE=6，在Rt△ECB中，EC＝222264213BE BC+=+=.故答案是：213.【点睛】考查的是垂径定理及勾股定理，根据题意作出辅助线，构造出直角三角形，利用勾股定理求解是解答此题的关键．18．40403+【解析】【分析】设该船行驶的速度为x海里/时，由已知可得BC＝3x，AQ⊥BC，∠BAQ＝60°，∠CAQ＝45°，AB＝80海里，在直角三角形ABQ中求出AQ、BQ，再在直角三角形AQC中求出CQ，得出BC＝40＋403＝3x，解方程即可．【详解】如图所示：该船行驶的速度为x 海里/时，3小时后到达小岛的北偏西45°的C 处，由题意得：AB ＝80海里，BC ＝3x 海里，在直角三角形ABQ 中,∠BAQ ＝60°，∴∠B ＝90°−60°＝30°，∴AQ ＝12AB ＝40,BQ AQ ＝， 在直角三角形AQC 中,∠CAQ ＝45°，∴CQ ＝AQ ＝40，∴BC ＝40＋3x ，解得：x/时；. 【点睛】 本题考查的是解直角三角形，熟练掌握方向角是解题的关键.三、解答题：（本大题共9个小题，共78分，解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤．19．（1）3，补图详见解析；（2）712 【解析】【分析】(1)总人数=3÷它所占全体团员的百分比;发4条的人数=总人数-其余人数(2)列举出所有情况,看恰好是一位男同学和一位女同学占总情况的多少即可【详解】由扇形图可以看到发箴言三条的有3名学生且占25%，故该班团员人数为：325%12÷=（人）， 则发4条箴言的人数为：1222314----=（人），所以本月该班团员所发的箴言共212233441536⨯+⨯+⨯+⨯+⨯=（条），则平均所发箴言的条数是：36123÷=（条）.（2）画树形图如下：由树形图可得，所选两位同学恰好是一位男同学和一位女同学的概率为712 P=.【点睛】此题考查扇形统计图，条形统计图，列表法与树状图法和扇形统计图，看懂图中数据是解题关键20．（1）甲、乙两组工作一天，商店各应付300元和140元；（2）单独请乙组需要的费用少；（3）甲乙合作施工更有利于商店.【解析】【分析】（1）设甲组单独工作一天商店应付x元，乙组单独工作一天商店应付y元，根据总费用与时间的关系建立方程组求出其解即可；（2）由甲乙单独完成需要的时间，再结合（1）求出甲、乙两组单独完成的费用进行比较就可以得出结论；（3）先比较甲、乙单独装修的时间和费用谁对商店经营有利，再比较合作装修与甲单独装修对商店的有利经营情况，从而可以得出结论．【详解】解：(1)设：甲组工作一天商店应付x元，乙组工作一天商店付y元.由题意得：883520 6123480x yx y+=⎧⎨+=⎩解得：300140 xy=⎧⎨=⎩答：甲、乙两组工作一天，商店各应付300元和140元(2)单独请甲组需要的费用：300×12=3600元.单独请乙组需要的费用：24×140=3360元.答：单独请乙组需要的费用少.(3)请两组同时装修，理由：甲单独做，需费用3600元，少赢利200×12=2400元，相当于损失6000元；乙单独做，需费用3360元，少赢利200X24=4800元，相当于损失8160元；甲乙合作，需费用3520元，少赢利200×8=1600元，相当于损失5120元；因为5120<6000<8160，所以甲乙合作损失费用最少，答：甲乙合作施工更有利于商店.【点睛】考查列二元一次方程组解实际问题的运用，工作总量=工作效率×工作时间的运用，设计推理方案的运用，解答时建立方程组求出甲乙单独完成的工作时间是关键．21．见解析.【解析】【分析】根据角平分线的性质、线段的垂直平分线的性质即可解决问题．【详解】∵点P在∠ABC的平分线上，∴点P到∠ABC两边的距离相等（角平分线上的点到角的两边距离相等），∵点P在线段BD的垂直平分线上，∴PB=PD（线段的垂直平分线上的点到线段的两个端点的距离相等），如图所示：【点睛】本题考查作图﹣复杂作图、角平分线的性质、线段的垂直平分线的性质等知识，解题的关键是灵活运用所学知识解决问题.22．（1）购进A型台灯75盏，B型台灯25盏；（2）当商场购进A型台灯25盏时，商场获利最大，此时获利为1875元．【解析】试题分析：（1）设商场应购进A型台灯x盏，然后根据关系：商场预计进货款为3500元，列方程可解决问题；（2）设商场销售完这批台灯可获利y元，然后求出y与x的函数关系式，然后根据一次函数的性质和自变量的取值范围可确定获利最多时的方案．试题解析：解：（1）设商场应购进A型台灯x盏，则B型台灯为（100﹣x）盏，根据题意得，30x+50（100﹣x）=3500，解得x=75，所以，100﹣75=25，答：应购进A型台灯75盏，B型台灯25盏；（2）设商场销售完这批台灯可获利y元，则y=（45﹣30）x+（70﹣50）（100﹣x），=15x+2000﹣20x，=﹣5x+2000，∵B型台灯的进货数量不超过A型台灯数量的3倍，∴100﹣x≤3x，∴x≥25，∵k=﹣5＜0，∴x=25时，y取得最大值，为﹣5×25+2000=1875（元）答：商场购进A型台灯25盏，B型台灯75盏，销售完这批台灯时获利最多，此时利润为1875元．考点：1．一元一次方程的应用；2．一次函数的应用．23．（1）（2）15 2x<<．【解析】【分析】（1）根据幂的运算与实数的运算性质计算即可.（2）先整理为最简形式，再解每一个不等式，最后求其解集. 【详解】（1）解：原式=1 199 +-⨯=（2）解不等式①，得5x<.解不等式②，得12 x>.∴原不等式组的解集为15 2x<<【点睛】本题考查了实数的混合运算和解一元一次不等式组，熟练掌握和运用相关运算性质是解答关键.24．（1）C（2，-1），A（1，0）；（2）①3，②0＜t＜1+2，1）或（+2，1）或（-1，0）【解析】【分析】（1）令y=0得：x2-1x+3=0，然后求得方程的解，从而可得到A、B的坐标，然后再求得抛物线的对称轴为x=2，最后将x=2代入可求得点C的纵坐标；（2）①抛物线与y轴交点坐标为（0，3），然后做出直线y=3，然后找出交点个数即可；②将y=3代入抛物线的解析式求得对应的x的值，从而可得到直线y=3与“L双抛图形”恰好有3个交点时t的取值，然后结合函数图象可得到“L双抛图形”与直线y=3恰好有两个交点时t的取值范围；③首先证明四边形ACQP 为平行四边形，由可得到点P的纵坐标为1，然后由函数解析式可求得点P的横坐标．【详解】（1）令y=0得：x2-1x+3=0，解得：x=1或x=3，∴A（1，0），B（3，0），∴抛物线的对称轴为x=2，将x=2代入抛物线的解析式得：y=-1，∴C（2，-1）；（2）①将x=0代入抛物线的解析式得：y=3，∴抛物线与y轴交点坐标为（0，3），如图所示：作直线y=3，由图象可知：直线y=3与“L双抛图形”有3个交点，故答案为3；②将y=3代入得：x2-1x+3=3，解得：x=0或x=1，由函数图象可知：当0＜t＜1时，抛物线L关于直线x=t的“L双抛图形”与直线y=3恰好有两个交点，故答案为0＜t＜1．③如图2所示：∵PQ ∥AC 且PQ=AC ，∴四边形ACQP 为平行四边形，又∵点C 的纵坐标为-1，∴点P 的纵坐标为1，将y=1代入抛物线的解析式得：x 2-1x+3=1，解得：+2或+2．∴点P +2，1）或（+2，1），当点P （-1，0）时，也满足条件．，1）或（+2，1）或（-1，0）【点睛】本题主要考查的是二次函数的综合应用，解答本题需要同学们理解“L 双抛图形”的定义，数形结合以及方程思想的应用是解题的关键．25．①, 运算顺序错误； ④， a 等于1时，原式无意义．【解析】【分析】由于乘法和除法是同级运算，应当按照从左向右的顺序计算，①运算顺序错误；④当a ＝1时，211a a -+等于0，原式无意义．【详解】①运算顺序错误；故答案为①，运算顺序错误；④当a=1时，211a a -+等于0，原式无意义． 故答案为a 等于1时，原式无意义．()22111,1a a a a ab-+-÷⋅+ ()()()2111,11a a a a a ab++=-⋅⋅-+ 21.a ab += 当2,1a b ==时，原式2213.212+==⨯ 【点睛】 本题考查了分式的化简求值，注意运算顺序和分式有意义的条件．26．（1）证明见解析（2）25 3【解析】【分析】（1）连接OC，根据垂直定义和切线性质定理证出△CAE≌△CAD（AAS），得AE=AD；（2）连接CB，由（1）得AD=AE=3，根据勾股定理得：AC=5，由cos∠EAC=，cos∠CAB==，∠EAC=∠CAB，得=.【详解】（1）证明：连接OC，如图所示，∵CD⊥AB，AE⊥CF，∴∠AEC=∠ADC=90°，∵CF是圆O的切线，∴CO⊥CF，即∠ECO=90°，∴AE∥OC，∴∠EAC=∠ACO，∵OA=OC，∴∠CAO=∠ACO，∴∠EAC=∠CAO，在△CAE和△CAD中，，∴△CAE≌△CAD（AAS），∴AE=AD；（2）解：连接CB，如图所示，∵△CAE≌△CAD，AE=3，∴AD=AE=3，∴在Rt△ACD中，AD=3，CD=4，根据勾股定理得：AC=5，在Rt△AEC中，cos∠EAC==，∵AB为直径，∴∠ACB=90°，∴cos∠CAB==，∵∠EAC=∠CAB，∴=，即AB=．【点睛】本题考核知识点：切线性质，锐角三角函数的应用. 解题关键点：由全等三角形性质得到线段相等，根据直角三角形性质得到相应等式.27．2x =-【解析】【分析】先去分母，把分式方程化为一元一次方程，解一元一次方程，再验根.【详解】解：去分母得：()2x x 33x 9+-=- 解得：x 2=-检验：把x 2=-代入2x 950-=-≠所以：方程的解为x 2=-【点睛】本题考核知识点：解方式方程. 解题关键点：去分母，得到一元一次方程，.验根是要点.。
2020年临沂市河东区第三高级中学高三生物三模试卷及参考答案
2020年临沂市河东区第三高级中学高三生物三模试卷及参考答案一、选择题：本题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分。
每小题只有一个选项符合题目要求。
1. 下列关于细胞学说的叙述，错误的是（）A.细胞学说的建立者是英国科学家罗伯特．虎克B.细胞学说阐明了生物界的统一性C.在多细胞生物中，细胞是一个相对独立的单位D.细胞学说在修正中前进2. 下列有关细胞中糖类和脂质的叙述，正确的是（）A.淀粉是植物细胞的储能物质，均匀分布于各细胞B.染色体的组成成分是脱氧核糖和蛋白质C.脂质在哺乳动物卵细胞形成中具有重要作用D.脂质可以被苏丹Ⅲ染液染成橘黄色3. 如图表示在不同光照强度下某植物的氧气释放速率。
该植物在2000 lx光照强度下，每小时光合作用所产生的氧气量（mL）是（）A.12B.17C.18D.234. 下列关于氨基酸的叙述，不正确的是（）A.氨基酸这一名词代表了氨基酸分子结构中的主要部分B.氨基酸仅通过脱水缩合的方式就可以形成蛋白质C.氨基酸主要由C、H、O、N四种元素组成D.氨基酸是蛋白质的彻底水解产物5. 夏季晴朗的一天，甲乙两株同种植物在相同条件下CO2吸收速率的变化如图所示，下列说法正确的是A. 甲植株在a点开始进行光合作用B. 乙植株在e点有机物积累量最多C. 曲线b-c 段和d-e段下降的原因相同D. 两曲线b-d段不同的原因可能是甲植株气孔无法关闭6. 研究发现，菜粉蝶幼虫细胞中NADH脱氢酶（一种催化〔H〕与氧反应的的酶）对广泛存在于植物根部中的鱼藤酮十分敏感，鱼藤酮易与NADH脱氢酶与辅酶Q之间的某一成分发生作用。
生产上常利用鱼藤酮来防治菜粉蝶幼虫。
下列说法错误的是（）A. 可用双缩脲试剂或蛋白酶鉴定NADH脱氢酶的化学本质B. 鱼藤酮的作用机理是抑制线粒体呼吸链而导致菜粉蝶幼虫死亡C.NADH脱氢前催化幼虫细胞有氧呼吸的过程发生在线粒体内膜上D. 鱼藤酮发生作用后不会降低虫体内的ATP水平7. 森林群落中由于老龄树木死亡造成林冠层出现空隙，称为林窗。
2020年河东区第八十二中学高三英语三模试题及参考答案
2020年河东区第八十二中学高三英语三模试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ANothing beats live music, but the venue makes a difference. When you're able to score tickets to an incredible concert in an incredible place, you won't forget the experience. Here are some of the coolest music venues from around the world. If you haven't been to any of these, you've got some traveling to do.Red Rocks, Morrison, the United StatesRed Rocks might be the most beautiful and famous venue in the United States. At 6,450 feet above sea level, Red Rocks is a geologically formed natural stage. Its massive sandstone provides a perfect stage for jam bands. If you're into the blues and jazz, you'll have no trouble finding something in line with your interests.Meet Factory, Prague, Czech RepublicSmallest venues on this list, Meet Factory is an art gallery, theater, and music venue. The venue only accommodates 1,000 people, so you won't see any huge names come through. Still, it's a great place to see up-and-coming local acts, and if you've got an eye for contemporary art, you'll love your time here.Arena of NÎmes, NÎmes, FranceOriginally built around A. D. 70, the Arena of Nimes presents concertgoers with an interesting question: Should they enjoy the music, or marvel at the architecture? The Arena is, after all, one of the world's best-preserved Roman theaters. Many major touring acts plan stops at the Arena of Nimes, especially during the venue's annual festival.Sydney Opera House, Sydney, AustraliaThe Sydney Opera House is one of the world's most famous performing venues. I's also one of the most distinctive buildings in Sydney, thanks to the breathtaking design by Danish architect Utzon. It hosts about 40 events per week, so whether you're into jazz, rock, classical music, or opera, you'll find something to watch.1.Where can you enjoy music in natural beauty?A.At Red Rocks.B.At Meet Factory.C.At Arena of Nimes.D.At Sydney Opera House.2.What is special about Meet Factory?A.It enjoys breathtaking scenery.B.It hosts both musical and artistic events.C.It is the largest venue of all.D.It is famous for contemporary music.3.What do the listed music venues have in common?A.They have a long history.B.They are built near the sea.C.They accommodate thousands of people.D.They are beautiful tourist attractions.BSummer is quickly passing by—but not without the ultimate meteor（流星）shower event!The2021 Perseids Meteor Shower, which is considered to be the best meteor shower of the year, is expected to start lighting up skies on this Wednesday, according to NASA. Known for fireballs, the Perseids typically light up skies on warm summer nights, leaving “long wake（尾迹）of light and color1 behind them.”Under ideal conditions, sky watchers may see approximately 50-100 meteors per hour with each meteor traveling at 37 miles per second. .Because the meteors appear in all parts of the sky, it will be pretty easy to witness the celestial（天上的）event from anywhere in the world. To get the best show, it is advised to view the Perseids from the Northern Hemisphere（半球）during the pre- dawn hours, ideally between 2 a.m. and dawn. In some cases, sky gazers may be able to seemeteors during this shower as early as 9 or 10 p. m.“If it's not cloudy, pick an observing spot away from bright lights, lie on your back, and look up! You don't need any special equipment to view the Perseids—just your eyes,” NASA wrote on their site, adding that telescopes or binoculars are not recommended due to their small fields of view.Remember to let your eyes become adjusted to the dark. Try to stay off of your phone too, as looking at devices with bright screens will negatively affect your night vision and thus reduce the number of meteors you see!For those who may be unable to view the Perseids in person, a live broadcast will be streaming from NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center, starting around 8 p. m. on Aug. 11 and continuing through sunrise on Aug. 12.4. What can we learn about the Perseids Meteor Shower?A. It will be the best meteor shower in history.B. The ultimate shower only happens on this Wednesday.C. We can observe 50- 100 meteors per hour in any place.D. The Meteors usually have long and bright trails behind them.5. Which of the following may be the best time to view the shower?A. At 4 a. m. on the Northern Hemisphere.B. At 2 p. m. on the Northern Hemisphere.C. At sunrise on the Southern Hemisphere.D. At dawn on the Southern Hemisphere.6. What can be inferred about the observation of Meteors?A. If you use a telescope, you will see more meteors.B. You can use smartphones to record the grand scene.C. The brighter the moon is, the more meteors you can see. .D. Bright lights will reduce the visibility of meteors.7. If you are not available to watch the Perseids personally, you can ________.A. browse the unofficial website of NASAB. watch a video recorded by a flight centerC. stream a live show on Aug. 11 nightD. use special devices to connect with the showerCBecause of COVID-19, in many places, large gatherings of people aren’t allowed. In some areas, the rules are more strict, and people aren't allowed to leave their homes unless going out is ly necessary.These steps are very important for slowing the disease down. By doing this, governments can make sure doctors and hospitals are better able to deal with all the sick people, and that fewer people suffer in all. Usually, it's called “flattening the curve”.But if no one can go out, that means businesses which depend on visitors struggle. Many singers, bands, and other musicians would normally be giving concerts now. Instead, they have to find new ways to share their music and connect with their audiences. The Metropolitan Opera in New York has canceled(取消) its season, but it is showing a special live stream of a different opera each day on its website. Other opera companies have made similar moves. Several theater companies are either offering recorded versions of their plays online or posting videos of their actors performing.Nick Green wrote a musical play that was canceled because of the virus. He set up a website with links that allow people to enjoy the work of artists around the world who have had their projects canceled. He called his project the Social Distancing Festival. He sad it was a time when he should be doing something new, rather thanfeeling disappointed.Even TV shows have to find new ways to film their shows. Some late night TV shows have continued, but without audiences. Others are showing reruns.While their shows are on pause, some TV stars like Conan O’Brien and Jimmy Fallon have been filming short videos at home. Mr. O’ Brien plans to bring his show back on the air soon by filming with his own phone and talking with guests over the Internet.8. What does the underlined phrase in Paragraph 2 refer to?A. Keeping patients staying at home anytime.B. Speed up the spread of disease.C. Stopping people from often gathering up.D. Slowing down the spread of the disease.9. What are opera companies’ new ways?A. Stopping sharing music with audience.B. Providing live stream services.C. Trying to attract live audiences.D. Sharing their operas with each other10. What did the cancellation of Nick Green's play bring him?A. Disappointment.B. Annoyance .C. Creativity.D. Anxiety.11. What is the text mainly about?A. People staying at home .B. The absence of audiences.C. The efforts of Nick Green .D. Entertainment going online .DIf you go into the forest with friends, stay with them. If you don’t, you may get lost. If you get lost, this is what you should do. Sit down and stay where you are. Don’t try to find your friends—let them findyou. You can help them find you by staying in one place. There is another way to help your friends or other people to find you. You can shout or whistle three times. Stop. Then shout or whistle three times again. Any signal given three times is a call for help.Keep up shouting or whistling. Always three times together. When people hear you, they will know that you are not just making a noise for fun. They will let you know that they have heard your signal. They will give you two shouts or two whistles. When a signal is given twice, it is an answer to a call for help.If you don’t think that you will get help before night comes, try to make a little house with branches(树枝). Make yourself a bed with leaves and grass.When you need some water, you have to leave your little branch house to look for it. Don’t just walk away. Pick off small branches and drop them as you walk in order to go back again easily. When you are lost, the mostimportant thing to do is to stay in one place.12. If you get lost in the forest, you should _________.A. try to find your friends in no timeB. stay in one place and give signalsC. walk around the forestD. shout as loudly as possible13. Which signal is a call for help?A. Crying twice.B. Shouting here and there.C. Whistling everywhere in the forest.D. Shouting or whistling three times together.14. When you hear two shouts or two whistles, you know that _________.A. someone needs your helpB. something terrible will happenC. people will come to help youD. someone is afraid of an animal15. What’s the meaning of the last paragraph?A. Use branches to make a bed.B. Drop branches to look for water.C. Pick off branches to build another house.D. Leave branches to help you find your way back.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
天津市河东区2019-2020学年中考地理三月模拟试卷含解析
天津市河东区2019-2020学年中考地理三月模拟试卷一、选择题（本题包括25个小题，每小题2分，共50分．在每个小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
）1．读漫画，“地球出汗”的主要原因是（）A．地球距离太阳越来越近B．局部不断发生战争C．各地频繁发生森林火灾D．人类大量排放二氧化碳【答案】D【解析】【分析】地球表面变热的现象是由环境污染引起的温室效应．形成的原因主要是由于现代化工业社会过多燃烧煤炭、石油和天然气，大量排放尾气，这些燃料燃烧后放出大量的二氧化碳气体进入大气造成的．【详解】漫画反应的现象，指全球的气侯变暖，又称温室效应；温室效应形成的主要原因是过多燃烧煤炭、石油和天然气，大量排放尾气，这些燃料燃烧后放出大量的二氧化碳气体进入大气造成的．人类在发展经济的同时一定要注意保护环境，人与自然环境和谐的相处，生活才能更加美好．故选D．2．首家孔子学院于2004年11月21日在韩国首尔成立，截至2018年12月，已在全球154个国家和地区合作开办了548所孔子学院和1193个孔子课堂。
孔子学院的开办主要是为了让世界各地的人们更好地学习A．英语B．汉语C．日语D．俄语【详解】孔子是中国古代最著名的教育家，自古中国使用的是汉语，汉语是世界上使用人数最多的语言。
孔子学院的开办主要是为了让世界各地的人们更好地学习汉语。
故选B。
【点睛】该题考查世界语言的分布，记住即可。
3．三江平原的主要粮食作物是（）A．冬小麦B．春小麦C．玉米D．甜菜【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】三江平原是我国纬度最高的平原，土壤肥沃，属于温带季风气候，种植的主要粮食作物是春小麦，故选Ｂ。
4．下列关于地球公转的叙述，正确的是（）A．地球公转的方向与地球自转的方向相反B．地球公转的方向是自东向西C．地球公转形成了四季和五带D．地球公转产生了昼夜更替现象【答案】C【解析】【详解】（1）地球的自转方向与公转方向都是自西向东，故A、B错误；（2）地球的自转导致了昼夜更替，公转形成了地球上的五带和产生了四季更替，故D错误，C正确。
2020年临沂市河东区实验中学高三英语三模试卷及参考答案
2020年临沂市河东区实验中学高三英语三模试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AOlder adults who sleep six hours or fewer a night may have elevated risk for dementia(痴呆症) and other cognitive (认知的) issues, a new study finds.Researchers at Stanford University measured seniors' (ages 65 to 85) dementia risk and cognitive abilities, finding higher risk in those patients who regularly slept six or fewer hours compared to those who slept seven or eight hours. Those seniors who slept nine or more hours also had lower cognitive functions and other health issues, but the researchers didn't find the same high dementia risk in this group.The findings demonstrate how important it is for adults to maintain a healthy sleep cycle, especially as they get older.As adults age, it's common for their sleep patterns to change or becomedisrupted— leading to longer, shorter, or more irregular sleep. This disruption may be linked to Alzheimer's and other forms of dementia, impacting seniors' ability to remember information, problem-solve, and go through everyday behaviors. Sleep disruption can also be caused by or heighten depression, cardiovascular disease（冠心病）, and other conditions.A recommended sleep time for seniors is seven to eight hours, the researchers said. Six or fewer hours corresponded to short sleep, while nine or more hours corresponded to long sleep.The Stanford researchers measured levels of beta amyloid, a protein in the brain that is typically found in high levels when a patient develops Alzheimer's. In addition, the researchers used several tests for memory, attention, spatial skills, and executive function to identify patients' cognitive abilities. Those patients sleeping for six hours or fewer a night were more likely to develop dementia, the researchers found. The low-sleep patients had higher levels of beta amyloid.The Stanford researchers found that patients with lower sleep also performed worse on memory tests, while those with higher sleep (more hours) performed worse on executive function tests，which measure the brain's ability to switch between different tasks.―The main takeaway is that it is important to maintain healthy sleep late in life, Winer told CNN.1. What does the underlined word “disrupted” in paragraph 4 mean?A. difficultB. disorderedC. dissolvedD. different2. According to the findings, which of the following is NOT related to the disrupted sleep?A. It is more likely to cause old people to have bad memories over issues.B. It may contribute to dementia, cardiovascular disease and other illnesses.C. Some daily behaviors perhaps differ from those whose sleeping is normal.D It tends to bring all the old people to undergo brain scans and cognitive tests.3. What can we infer from the study?A. A proper sleep time for seniors is seven to eight hours.B. Low and high sleep patients were both poor at memory tests.C. Executive function test is applied to measure the capacity of brain.D. Keeping a healthy sleep for older adults late in life is crucial.BRain is vital to life on Earth. However, rain isn’t just made of water anymore—it’s partly made of plastic.Millions of tiny pieces of plastic, called microplastics, are wandering around Earth’s atmosphere and traveling across entire continents according to a study published in one journal on April 12.Microplastics are plastic particles less than 5 millimeters in diameter and come from a number of sources. Plastic bags and bottles released into the environment break down into smaller and smaller bits. Some microplastics are produced deliberately to provide abrasion(研磨)in products, such as toothpaste and cleansers. Another major source is your washing machine. When you wash clothing, tiny microfibers get washed away with the wastewater. Even though the water is treated by a wastewater plant, the microplastics remain,and they are released into the sea.Plastic rain may remind people of acid rain, but the former is far more widespread and harder to deal with. The tiny particles, too small to be seen with the naked eye, are collected by the wind from the ground. They are so light that they stay in the air to be blown around the globe. As they climb into the atmosphere, they are thought to act as nuclei (核心) around which water vapor (水蒸气) combines to form clouds. Some of the dust falls back to land in dry conditions, while the rest comes down as rain.Microplastics have been found everywhere you can imagine. From fish and frogs to mice and mosquitoes, their bodies have been found on average to contain 40 pieces of microplastic. As the top of the food chain, humans are exposed to microplastics, too. “We live on a ball inside a bubble,” microplastic researcher Steve Allen said. “There are no borders, there are no edges. It rains on the land and then gets blown back up into the air againto move somewhere else. There’s no stopping it once it’s out.”4. What do we know about microplastics?A. They have a diameter of over 5 millimeters.B. They have become a threat to humans.C. They are light and can be easily dealt with.D. They cause acid rain and plastic rain.5. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about?A. Waysto deal with microplastics.B. The wide use of microplastics.C. Where microplastics come from.D. How microplastics pollute water.6. What does Steve Allen want to tell us in the last paragraph?A. No place can be safe from microplastic pollution.B. The atmosphere possesses the ability to self-cleanse.C. Countries should work together to fight pollution.D. Wind causes microplastics to move somewhere else.7. The main purpose of the article is to________.A. call on people to use fewer plastic productsB. warn people of the danger of microplasticsC. introduce the sources and effects of microplasticsD. make a comparison between acid rain and plastic rainCFollowing the Famous Silk RoadsThe Silk Roads were a networkof ancient trade routes that extended from East Asia all the way to theMediterranean. A key section of the Silk Roads is the Chang’an-Tianshan corridor（走廊）, whichstretchesover a distance of around 5,000 kilometres through China, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan, covering a total of 8,700 kilometres of trade routes. The three countries jointly pursued an application for UNESCO World Heritage (遗产) status which contained detailed research on the 33 sites along the corridor. This made history as the first successful multinational World Heritage application.The starting point of the corridor and the entire Silk Roads network isXi’an, inShanxiProvince. Further west on the Silk Roads, the geography gradually changes from wild deserts to high, snow-capped mountains to vast grasslands as the routes pass through theTianshanMountainsand emerge in the valleys ofCentral Asia. Althoughthe Chang’an-Tianshan corridor of the Silk Roads ends here, the network continues westwards until it reaches theMediterranean.The corridor began to develop in the 2nd century. Assigned by the emperor, the ambassador Zhang Qian journeyed from Chang’an toCentral Asia, seeking to build bridges between the Han Dynasty and the Western Regions. Following Zhang’s efforts, trade routes took shape and relationships were strengthened between the major powers of the time, with the routes network reaching as far as theRoman Empire.Economic activities along the routes network were not limited to trade in silk. They contributed many other items to the marketplace of goods. The routes were busy with camels carrying loads of goods and businessmen selling everything imaginable.China’s exports included silk, porcelain, ironware and tea, while horses, jewellery, spices and grapes were all imported over vast distances from the West.In addition to trade exchange, the network served as a bridge for cultural exchange which shaped the evolution of science, art, technology and many other areas in societies along the network. Astronomy and mathematics were introduced toChinafromIndiaandArabia; important Chinese inventions such as papermaking and printing were brought to the West.All of these activities contributed to a great age of expansion as trade and cultural exchanges gave people access to new goods,knowledge and ideas. These routes connected Eastern and Western civilizations, which achieved a shared development. The addition of the Chang’an-Tianshan corridor to the UNESCO World Heritage List is a milestone in recognition of the Silk Roads as a crucial part of humanity’s common heritage.8. The key section of the Silk Roads is________.A. the MediterraneanB. Xi’an, inShanxiProvinceC.KazakhstanandKyrgyzstanD. the Chang’an-Tianshan corridor9. The underlined word “stretches” in Paragraph 1 is close in meaning to________.A. standsB. spreadsC. movesD. flies10. Zhang Qian travelled from Chang’an toCentral Asiato________.A. export silk, porcelain, ironware and teaB. purchase horses, jewellery, spices and grapesC. seek help from the most powerful western countriesD. build bridges between his country and other countries11. What was the role of the Silk Roads according to the passage?A. It helped to change the wild deserts to grasslands.B. It was recognized by the UNESCO asChina’s heritage.C. It speeded up the development of the countries involved.D. It started a trade competition between countries along the way.DWhere doyou usually put your toothbrush?Do you keep it in the bathroom? How’s your toothbrush looking these days? Even if you can’t see it with a naked eye, experts say it may be saturated(使饱和)with millions of toilet germs!Dr. Charles Oerba, a germ expert, is amicrobiology professor at the University of Arizona. He says there are approximately 3 million bacteria per square inch in most toilet bowls, and every time you flush it without closing the lid, those millions of bacteria droplets spray into the air as far as twenty feet away and dirty everything in their path. And a common victim is your poor toothbrush, usually, left out on the bathroom sink, right?So, what do we do? Dr. Gerba says it’s easy. Close the toilet lid before you flush—that’ll greatly cut downthe germs, which will otherwise float in the air. And wash your toothbrush every few days in mouthwash or peroxide to get rid of any germs hiding in it. You can even put it through the dishwasher to sanitize(消毒)it. And always store your toothbrush in a closed cabinet.Here’s one more tip from Dr. Gerba, who says our kitchen sink is probably dirtier than our toilet. “If an alien came from space and studied the bacterial counts, he probably would conclude he should wash his hands in your toilet and go to the bathroom in your sink.” He says that’s because the kitchen sink is a great place where E. coli(大肠杆菌)to live and grow since it’s wet and damp. Bacteria feed on the food that people put down the drain or—that’s left on dishes in the sink. To reset your sink’s bacteria count back to zero, you’d better regularly wash it with hot water and sanitize yoursink with special chemicals. In fact, you may want to do it every day or before preparing dinner.12. What is the purpose of the text?A. To show how to brush your teeth.B. To tell people the importance of health.C. To warn people of the invisible germs.D. To introduce a microbiology professor.13. What can we learn from Paragraph 2?A. Bathroom sinks are the dirtiest places.B. Bacteria are bad for people’s health.C. Why bacteria spread through the air.D. How bacteria spread in the bathroom.14. What does the underlined word“that”in Paragraph 4 refer to?A. The food.B. The toothbrush.C. The sink.D. The chemical.15. Why does Dr. Gerba mention the example of an alien?A. To tell us a fiction story of an alien studying bacteria.B. To show our kitchen sink may be dirtier than our toilet.C. To teach us how to reset sink’s bacteria count back to zero.D. To prove coli prefers to live in the kitchen and the drain.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020届临沂市河东区第三高级中学高三英语三模试题及答案
2020届临沂市河东区第三高级中学高三英语三模试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ALocated in the beautiful Sichuan Basin, Chongqing is a magical 8D city. The natural history and cultural scenery of the area provide children with learning opportunities because they can enjoy the many wonders of this area.Fengjie Tiankeng Ground JointTiankeng Diqiao Scenic Area is located in the southern mountainous area of Fengjie County. The Tiankeng pit is 666 meters deep and is currently the deepest tiankeng in the world. The scenic spot is divided into ten areas including Xiaozhai Tiankeng, Tianjingxia Ground, Labyrinth River, and Longqiao River. There are many and weird karst cave shafts, and countless legends haunt them.Youyang Peach GardenYouyang Taohuayuan Scenic Area is a national forest park, a national 5A-level scenic spot, and a national outdoor sports training base. Located in the hinterland of Wuling Mountain. The Fuxi Cave in the scenic spot is about 3,000 meters long, with winding corridors, deep underground rivers, and color1 ful stalactites. The landscape is beautiful.Jinyun Mountain National Nature ReserveJinyun Mountain is located in Beibei District of Chongqing City, about 45 kilometers away from the Central District of Chongqing City. The nine peaks of Jinyun Mountain stand upright and rise from the ground. The ancient trees on the mountain are towering, the green bamboos form the forest, the environment is quiet, and the scenery is beautiful, so it is called "Little Emei". Among them, Yujian Peak is the highest, 1050 meters above sea level; Lion Peak is the most precipitous and spectacular, and the other peaks are also unique.Chongqing People's SquareChongqing's Great Hall of the People, one of the landmarks of Chongqing, gives people the deepest impression than its magnificent appearance resembling the Temple of Heaven. It also uses the traditional method of central axis symmetry, with colonnade-style double wings and a tower ending, plus a large green glazed roof, large red pillars, white railings, double-eave bucket arches, and painted carved beams.1.How deep is the Tiankeng Ground Joint?A.666mB.3,000mC.45kmD.1050m2.Which of the following rocks can you see in Youyang Peach Garden?A.LimestoneB.StalactiteC.MarbleD.Quartzite3.Which attraction is closest to downtown Chongqing?A.Fengjie Tiankeng Ground JointB.Jinyun Mountain National Nature ReserveC.Chongqing People's SquareD.Youyang Peach GardenBAccording to the study posted onScienceDirect, gardening just two to three times a week increase the benefits of better well-being as much as possible and lower stress levels.The research explored why residents engaged with gardening and the extent to which they recognized any health benefits from the activity.A questionnaire was handed out electronically within theUK, with 5,766 gardeners and 249 non-gardeners responding. Data was collected on factors including garden typology（类型学）, frequency of gardening and individual awareness of health and well-being."This is the first time the dose response（剂量效应）to gardening has been tested and the evidence from the survey strongly suggests that the more frequently you garden, the greaterthe health benefits," said Royal Horticultural Society (RHS) lead author Dr Lauriane Chalmin-Pui. In fact, gardening every day has the same positive impact on well-being than undertaking regular and powerful exercise like cycling or running.When gardening, our brains are pleasantly entertained by nature around us. Gardening takes our attention away from ourselves and our stresses, therefore, it helps restore our minds and reduce unfavorable feelings.Improving health, however, was not the main motive power to garden, but rather the direct pleasure gardening brought to the participants."Gardening is like effortless exercise because it doesn't feel as exhausting and hard as going to the gym, for example, but we canexpendsimilar amounts of energy," Chalmin-Pui added.Most people say they garden for pleasure and enjoyment, so people who like gardening may be easy to be addicted to it. However, this sometimes may become a piece of good news, from the aspect of mental health. "We hope all the millions of new gardeners will be getting their daily gardening and feeling all the better for it. " Chalmin-Pui said in the interview.4. What can be inferred about gardening from the survey?A. Improving health is the aim of the participants.BGardening makes no difference to health.C. Health benefits from frequent gardening.D. Too much gardening always does harm to health.5. What does the underlined word "expend" mean in paragraph 7?A. Consume.B. Make use of.C. Increase.D. Save.6. Why do so many participantslike gardening?A. It isn't exhausting.B. It is good for health.C. It brings pleasure.D. It is like going to the gym.7. What is Chalmin-Pui's attitude to the new gardeners' gardening?A. Carefree.B. SupportiveC. Tolerant.D. Indifferent.CUK physicist Isaac Newton once said, ''Nature is pleased with simplicity and nature is no dummy (傻子). '' Indeed, Mother Nature can provide almost everything human beings need if we follow her rules. But if we break the rules, she is likely to be cruel andlash out at us.The outbreak of the novel coronavirus pneumonia (新型冠状病毒肺炎, NCP) in China and some other countries at the beginning of this year is an example. According to Xinhua News Agency, the new coronavirus is similar to a virus found in a bat in 2017 and probably has an intermediate host (中间宿主). It's believed that the virus originated from the Huanan Seafood Market in Wuhan, Hubei province, where live wild animals were sold.The Wall Street Journal reported that Dr Peter Daszak, president of the US-based health organization EcoHealth Alliance, said, ''This outbreak is a lesson for us. On a global scale, human population density, wildlife diversity, and land use change are what drive new pandemics (流行病). ''In ancient times, people needed to rely on nature to survive so they held it in awe (敬畏). For example, the American Indians believed that humans are a part of nature and nature is a part of humans. Chinese ancients always pursued the harmony between nature and human beings.However, as human beings master more knowledge and make more advanced tools, people try to change and even conquer nature. They use more land to make buildings, genetically modify (改变) plants, capture some wild and rare animals to suit their own needs. In this process, humans gradually lose contact with nature and even throw it out of balance. For example, cutting a large number of forests means carbon dioxide must build up in theatmosphere and it contributes to global warming.Although we don't know for sure what first caused the NCP outbreak, Brian Lamacraft at Medium said it's time for people to ''reflect on our relationship with our planet'' and ''reconnect with this world and everything that we've been given''. After all, according to US poet Gary Snyder, ''Nature is not the place to visit. It's our home. ''8. What does the phrase ''lash out at'' in Paragraph 1 probably mean?A. punishB. controlC. testD. challenge9. What lesson did Daszak think human beings should learn from the NCP outbreak?A. Bats are one of the most dangerous wild animals.B. It's impossible to prevent new pandemics globally.C. We should stop the wildlife trade around the world.D. Humans should live peacefully with nature.10. What is the main idea of Paragraph 5?A. How human beings become their own masters.B. How human activities cause global warming.C. How human beings break the balance of nature.D. How humans use technology to improve their lives.11. What is the author's purpose in writing this article?A. To reflect on the NCP outbreak.B. To explain what led to the NCP outbreak.C. To describe experts' predictions on new pandemics.D. To compare ancient and modern attitudes toward nature.DIn Japan many workers for large corporations have a guarantee of lifetime employment. They will not be laid off during recessions or when the tasks they perform are taken over by robots. To some observers, this is capitalism at its best, because workers are treated as people not things. Others see it as necessarily inefficient and believe it cannot continue if Japan is to remain competitive with foreign corporations more concerned about profits and less concerned about people.Defenders of the system argue that those who call it inefficient do not understand how it really works. In thefirst place not every Japanese worker has the guarantee of a lifetime job. The lifetime employment system includes only “regular employees.” Many employees do not fall into this category, including all women. All businesses have many part time and temporary employees. These workers are hired and laid off during the course of the business cycle just as employees in the United States are. These “irregular workers” make up about 10 percent of the nonagricultural work force. Additionally, Japanese firms maintain some flexibility through the extensive use of subcontractors. This practice is much more common in Japan than in the United States.The use of both subcontractors and temporary workers has increased markedly in Japan since the 1974-1975 recession. All this leads some people to argue that the Japanese system really is not all that different from the American system. During recessions Japanese corporations lay off temporary workers and give less business to subcontractors. In the United States, corporations lay off those workers with the least working experience. The difference then is probably less than the term “lifetime employment” suggests, but there still is a difference. And this difference cannot be understood without looking at the values of Japanese society. The relationship between employer and employee cannot be explained in purely contractual terms. Firms hold on to the employees and that employees stay with one firm. There are also practical reasons for not jumping from job to job. Most retirement benefits come from the employer. Changing jobs means losing these benefits. Also, teamwork is an essential part of Japanese production. Moving to a new firm means adapting to a different team and at least temporarily, lower productivity and lower pay.12. According to the passage, a woman in Japan _________.A. cannot get a lifetime jobB. is impossible to get a part time jobC. will be employed for lifeD. is among the regular workers13. Which of the following is NOT the reason why Japanese workers stay with one firm?A. They don’t want to lose their retirement benefits.B. They are not adaptable people.C. Any change of jobs will make them less paid.D. They get used to the teamwork.14. It can be inferred from the passage that _________.A. those who want to change jobs frequently in Japan should think twiceB. those who are first laid off by American corporations are temporary workersC. the use of subcontractors makes Japanese firms less flexibleD. the Japanese system is totally different from the American system15. What does the passage mainly discuss?A. The extremely hard situation during recessions.B. The extensive use of subcontractors in Japan.C. The characteristics of corporations in the United States.D. The features of lifetime employment in Japan.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020届临沂市河东区第二高级中学高三英语三模试卷及答案
2020届临沂市河东区第二高级中学高三英语三模试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ATheatre reflects the values of the civilization out of which it grows. The following are the types of theatre performances an ancient Roman might have witnessed then.Fescennine VerseFescennine Verse was a pioneer of Roman comedy. Ironic and improvisational（即兴的）, it was used mainly at festivals or weddings, and as invective. With early native Italian funny dialogues in Latin verse, it was thought to have combined with a tradition of performances by masked dancers and musicians from Etruria.Fabula AtellanaFabula Atellana relied on common characters, masks, direct humor, and simple plots. They were performed by actors improvising. Fabula Atellana came from the Oscan city of Atella. There were 4 main types of characters: the braggart, the greedy blockhead, the clever hunchback and the stupid old man, like modern Punch and Judy shows.Fabula TogataNamed for the clothing symbolic of the Roman people Fabula Togata had various subtypes. One was the Fabula Tabernaria, named for the tavern（酒馆）where the comedy’s preferred characters, lowlifes, might be found. One describing more middle-class types, and continuing the Roman clothing theme, was the Fabula Trabeata.Fabula PraetextaFabula Praetexta is the name for Roman tragedies on Roman themes, Roman history or current politics. Fabula Praetexta was less popular than tragedies on Greek themes. During the Golden Age of drama in the Middle Republic, there were four great Roman writers of tragedy, Naevius, Ennius, Pacuvius, and Accius. Of their surviving tragedies, 90 titles remain.All the performances above began as a translation of Greek forms, even to the extent of their being performed in Greek costume.1.Where might an ancient Roman witness Fescennine Verse?A.At a party.B.At a funeral.C.At a wedding.D.At a concert.2.Which type of performance describes the middle-class life?A.Fabula Atellana.B.Fabula Tabernaria.C.Fabula Trabeata.D.Fabula Praetexta.3.What do the listed types of performances have in common?A.They copy Latin dramas.B.They take on Greek forms.C.They reflect Roman themes.D.They refer to Italian stories.BIt is essential that students have a category of school-related activities they can participate in. These activities can range from activities during normal school hours to after-school activities. No matter the time, these activities should be available to every student, and at Victory Pioneers International Schools (V.P.I.S) it is encouraged that every student participate in at least one activity, educational and recreational.One of the primary reasons school activities are important at V.P.I.S. is because it gives students the exercise they might not normally receive. Most popularly, these types of activities include major sports such as football, basketball, baseball, tennis, track and field and soccer but also might include gymnasium games and other games.Activities during V.P.I.S. also make a good impression on colleges if students are planning to pursue more education. Colleges look for students who do not just go to school and go home after school. These activities range from participating in clubs and sports to volunteering after school at a recreation center or having a part-time job. If a college sees you maintained good grades while participating in these activities, it will be impressed.V.P.I.S. activities also allow students to be creative. Gifted-and-talented activities allow gifted students to participate in what they otherwise would never have experienced in the classroom. They are a great way to allow students to be creative. Additionally, participating in clubs such as drama that appeal to students’ interest also allows them to expand their knowledge and be creative.Students also can have their interests expanded by participating in activities. These activities could consist of anything, such as joining the Future Business Leaders, the school’s debate team and the chess team, to name a few. By participating in these activities, a student might realize he is interested in something he never knew he was interested in before.4. What can we learn about activities at V.P.I.S.?A. Not every student has access to them.B. Students are required to take part in them after school.C. They give students exercise that might not be got in other schools.D. Educational activities are more popular with the students.5. What benefits can the students get from the activities?A. They can get extra grades when applying for colleges.B. They will become more gifted and talented .C. They may expand their knowledge in drama.D. They may better know their own interests.6. Which of the following is a suitable title for the passage?A. The Benefits of V.P.I.S. ActivitiesB. School-related Activities at V.P.I.S.C. Colleges Need Creative StudentsD. Activities Make You Creative7. Where is the passage probably from?A. A scientific magazine.B. A college application guideline.C. A club introduction.D. The website of V.P.I.S.CEven as Google plans to test its fleet (车队) of self-driving cars on public roads this summer, its business model remains abit of a mystery. By 2025, as many as 250,000 self-driving vehicles could be sold each year globally, according to a study by an industry research firm.“Vehicles that can take anyone from A to B at the push of a button could transform mobility for millions of people,” said Chris Urmson, director of Google’s self-driving car project. For now, Google has no plans to sell any of its self-driving cars. They are strictly for research. But they will hit public roads this summer near Google’s headquarters inMountain View,California. Previous testing has taken place only on closed courses.The cars are built to operate without a steering wheel, accelerator (油门) or brake pedal. “Our software and sensors do all the work,” Urmson said. “The vehicles will be very basic — we want to learn from them and adapt them as quickly as possible — but they will take you where you want to go at the push of a button.” The prototype (雏形) is the first of a 100-car fleet the tech giant is building.In the long run, Urmson sees a future of safer roads — the majority of auto accidents are caused by human error — and fewer traffic jams. Robotic cars could also shuttle people who can’t drive because of age or illness.Google has said that self-driving cars could launch new business models in which people buy the use of vehicles they don’t own. The company has already tested other types of self-driving cars on public streets, including modified Lexus sport-utility vehicles, under a special permit program by the California Department ofMotor Vehicles that requires a human driver at the controls.The state has issued six other companies permits to operate such cars, includingDelphi, Mercedes-Benz, Volkswagen, Tesla, Bosch and Nissan. The vehicles that will be tested on open roads this summer will have removable steering wheels, accelerators and brake pedals to allow “safety drivers” to take control if needed.8. According to Chris Urmson, __________.A. self-driving cars can give driving orders to humansB. self-driving cars are specially designed for the elderlyC. software and sensors are vital for self-driving carsD. ordinary vehicles will be replaced by self-driving cars9. Paragraph 4 is meant to tell us that __________.A. many traffic accidents are caused by human errorB. some people can’t drive because of illness or ageC. Urmson has promised to create safer roads in the futureD. self-driving cars will probably help to make safer roads and decrease traffic jams10. The underlined word “issued” in the last paragraph can probably bereplaced by__________.A. givenB. claimedC. awardedD. prohibited11. What’s the author’s attitude towards self-driving cars?A. Objective.B. Indifferent.C. Subjective.D. Favorable.DThe market for tourism in remote areas is booming as never before. Countries all across the world are actively promoting their wilderness regions-such as mountains, Arctic lands, deserts, small islands and wetlands— to high-spending tourists. The attraction of these areas is obvious: by definition, wilderness tourism requires little or no initial investment. But that does not mean that there is no cost.Once a location is established as a main tourist destination, the effects on the local community are profound. Hill-farmers can make more money from foreign travellers than working in their fields. It is not surprising that many o£ them give up their farm-work. In some hill-regions, this has led to a serious decline in farm output and a change in the local diet, because there is lacking labour to maintain terraces and irrigation systems. The result has been that many people in these regions have turned to outside supplies of rice and other foods.InArcticand desert societies, year-round survival has traditionally depended on hunting animals and fish and collecting fruit over a ly short season. However, as some inhabitants become involved in tourism, they no longer have time to collect wild food; this has led to increasing dependence on bought food and stores. What should they do if these new sources of income dry up?The physical impact of visitors is another serious problem associated with the growth in adventure tourism. Much attention has focused on erosion along major roads, but perhaps more important are the forest destruction and impacts on water supplies arising from the need to provide tourists with cooked food and hot showers. In both mountains and deserts, slow-growing trees are often the main sources of fuel and water supplies may be limited through heavy use.12. Why are some countries promoting the wilderness regions to tourists?A. The wildness regions are accessible to tourists.B. The landscapes there are beautiful and unique.C. Developing tourism there doesn't need much investment.D. Lots of high-spending tourists prefer such remote regions.13. What is the effect of tourism on the local community?A. Many hill farmers have turned to outside supplies of foods.B. There is enough labour to maintain terraces and irrigation systems.C. Farm output there has increased and local diet has changed.D. The local people's new sources of income will dry up soon.14. Which might be the best title of the passage?A. The future of wilderness tourism.B. The impacts of wilderness tourism.C. The destruction of wilderness tourism.D. The disadvantages of wilderness tourism.15. If there is one more paragraph following the last paragraph, what will it talk about?A. The effects on local people.B. The solutions tothese problems.C. The choices of adventure tourists.D. The reasons for visiting remote areas.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020届临沂市河东区第三高级中学高三英语三模试卷及答案解析
2020届临沂市河东区第三高级中学高三英语三模试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ANational Disability Insurance Scheme (方案)The National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS) will transform the way Queenslanders with disability are supported and change the way disability services are funded and delivered.Under the scheme, Queenslanders with disability will have choice and control over how they access support and who delivers them. They will also have certainty that they will be supported throughout their lifetime to achieve their personal goals.The NDIS will have an effect on the following programs.School Transport Assistance Program for Students with DisabilityThe NDIS will not disrupt existing services for qualified students. The Queensland Government will also continue to provide school transport assistance for students with disability who are not qualified to receive funding via the NDIS.For more information about the School Transport Assistance Program, and to check your qualification, visit the Education and Training website.Taxi Subsidy (补助金) SchemeThe Queensland Governmenthas lengthened the Taxi Subsidy Scheme (TSS) membership for NDIS qualified members to 31 October, 2022. This will allow more time to solve transport support arrangements under the Commonwealth’s NDIS.You can find more information about the TSS and your qualification on the TransLink website.Disability Parking Permit SchemeNo changes will be made to the Disability parking permit scheme when the NDIS is introduced inQueensland. Current arrangements for this scheme will be maintained.You can find more information on this scheme, and check your qualification, on the Queensland Government website.Public Transport Concessions for People with DisabilityThere will be no change to concessions on public transport for people with disability when the NDIS isintroduced inQueensland. TransLink will continue to ensure concessions are provided for disabled persons travelling on public transport inQueenslandwhen the NDIS is introduced.You can find more information about public transport discounts for people with disability, and check your qualification, on the TransLink website,1.Which program helps drive the disabled to and from school?A.Taxi Subsidy Scheme.B.Disability Parking Permit Scheme.C.Public Transport Concessions for People with Disability.D.School Transport Assistance Program for Students with Disability.2.What can we learn about Taxi Subsidy Scheme?A.The scheme is for parking permit.B.The existing membership can be effective for longer time.C.There is no change to current arrangements for the scheme.D.The NDIS will not break off existing services for qualified students.3.What do the four programs have in common?A.They are all related to transport.B.They are all largely affected by NDIS.C.They all can be checked on the same website.D.They all provide discounts for disabled persons.BAn unmanned Chinese spacecraft left the earth on a trip to the planet Mars on Thursday. The launch（发射）marks the start of one of China's most important space explorations. China's national space agency launched the spacecraft called Tianwen-1 fromthe Wenchang Spacecraft Launch Center on Hainan Island.The name Tianwen means “Questions to Heaven” in Chinese. The spacecraft took off on China's largest carrier rocket, the Long March 5, and about 36 minutes later, the spacecraft, including an orbiter（轨道飞行器）and a rover（漫游车），was sent into the Earth-Mars orbit. It is expected to reach the orbit of the red planet next February. Tianwen-1 will finish three scientific goals—orbiting the red planet, landing on the Mars and sending a rover to the landing site.Tianwen-1 carries several scientific instruments to observe the planet's atmosphere and surface. It will do a series of scientific researches on the planet's soil, geological structure, environment, atmosphere and water.Besides its daily work of exploring the surface of Mars for 90 days, it will also report back to the earth about its experiences on the red planet, which is millions of miles away. According to experts, discovering signs of life will be its first and most important scientific goal.Tianwen-1's successful landing will make China the second nation to place a spacecraft on Mars. The United States has landed eight vehicles on Mars since 1976. China will be the first to successfully orbit, land and place a vehicle in the same mission. This is China's first independent mission to Mars. The task in 2011 failed when a Russian rocket carrying a Chinese orbiter had problems after launch, and was unable to escape the Earth orbit. Last year, China's Chang e-4 spacecraft became the first to make a landing on the far side of the moon.4. When will Tianwen-1 enter the orbit of Mars?A. 36 minutes later.B. Next Thursday.C. In 90 days.D. Next February.5. What is the main task of Tianwen-1 according to experts?A. Orbiting the Mars.B. Landing on the Mars.C. Discovering signs of life.D. Sending a rover to the landing site.6. Which of the following statements is mentioned in the text?A. Tianwen-1 is the second vehicle landed on the Mars.B. The United States is the first to land vehicles on the Mars.C. Russia helped China place Tianwen-1 on the Mars.D. Chang，e-4 was the first to make a landing on the moon.7. Where can you find this article?A. In a newspaper.B. In a diary.C. In a sci-fi novel.D. In a guide book.CAt first glance, there is nothing unusual about BingoBox’s convenience store–shelves packed with snacks line the walls, attracting passers-by through the glass windows. But upon closer look, BingoBox is no ordinary store. The door unlocks only after customers scan (扫描) aQR code to enter, and there is no cashier — just a lone checkout counter (柜台) in a corner. The Shanghai-based company is one of many unmanned store operators (运营者) opening outlets all over China, hoping to improve slim profit by reducing staff costs.“Ifstaff costs rise quickly, that puts greater pressure on low-profit businesses like convenience stores and supermarkets,” said Andrew Song, an analyst at Guotai Junan Securities. “InChina, manpower costs have beenrising ly quickly.”However, the future vision of shopping without a check-out person is still a work in progress. A Post reporter who visited a BingoBox store inShanghaiwas briefly locked in when trying to exit without buying anything. Although a sign near the exit stated that empty-handed customers can leave by scanning a QR code, no QR code was to be found. Repeated calls to the customer service hotline went unanswered.The idea of unmanned stores first caught the world’s attention in December last year. Equipped with technology such as RFID tags, mobile payment systems and facial and movement recognition, such stores collect large amounts of data that give operators a better idea of consumer preferences and buying habits, which can then be used to optimize (使最优化) operations and make more efficient inventory decisions. For companies like BingoBox, lower operating costs also mean it can afford to expand its reach to areas with less foot traffic or fewer people, according to its founder and chief executive ChenZilin.8. What makes BingoBox store look like an ordinary convenience store?A. No cashier to check out.B. A lone checkout counter.C. Shelves packed with goods.D. Entering by scanning a QR code.9. Why are unmanned stores popular with operators?A. The customers prefer mobile payment systems.B. The unmanned stores help improve profit with lower labor costs.C. The employees focus on consumer preferences and buying habits.D. The operators care more about operations and inventory decisions.10. Why is the reporter’s case mentioned in the passage?A. To show his anger and dissatisfaction.B. To warn people not to go to a BingoBox store.C. To explain unmanned stores still have a long way to go.D. To complain that QR code service is not convenient at all..11. What can we infer from the chief executive Chen Zilin?A. Nowadays all stores should be equipped with advanced technology.B. The operators collect data about consumer preferences and buying habits.C. BingoBox made wiser decisions based on the data collected in those unmanned stores.D. The operators can open unmanned supermarkets in more distant places with low cost.DTen years ago, I set out to examine luck. I wanted to know why some people were always in the right place at the right time, while others consistently experienced ill fortune. I placed advertisements in national newspapers asking for people who felt consistently lucky or unlucky. Hundreds of extraordinary men and women volunteered for my research. Over the years I have interviewed them, monitored their lives and had them take part in various experiments.In one of the experiments, I gave both lucky and unlucky people a newspaper, asking them to look through it and tell me how many photographs were inside. I had secretly placed a large message halfway through the newspaper, saying, “Tell the experimenter you have seen this and you will win $50.” This message took up half of the page and was written in type that was more than two inches high. It was staring everyone in the face, but the unlucky people tended to miss it and the lucky people tended to spot it.Unlucky people are generally more nervous than lucky people, and this anxiety affects their ability to notice the unexpected. As a result, they miss opportunities because they are too focused on looking for something else. They go to gatherings concentrating on finding their perfect partners and miss opportunities to make good friends. They look through newspapers determined to find certain types of job advertisements and miss other types of jobs.Lucky people are more relaxed and open, and therefore see what is there rather than just what they are looking for. My research eventually showed that lucky people are skilled at noticing opportunities, make lucky decisions by listening to their intuition (直觉), are open to new experiences, and adopt a never-say-die attitude that transforms bad luck into good luck.12. What’s the purpose of the author’s research?A. To discover what luck means to people.B. To find lucky people and unlucky people.C. To distinguish between good luck and bad luck.D. To figure out why people are always lucky or unlucky.13. Why did the unlucky people miss the message in the experiment?A. There was too much information to be read in detail.B. They were too focused on looking for photographs.C. It took too much time to go through newspapers.D. The words were too small to be noticed.14. What leads to lucky people’s good fortune?A. Their ability to spot opportunities.B. Their ability to become relaxed.C. Their ability to communicate.D. Their ability to make friends.15. What’s the key message of the last paragraph?A. What lucky people are looking for.B. How lucky people generate good luck.C. What lucky people can do with opportunities.D How lucky people transform bad luck into good luck.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020届临沂市河东区第三高级中学高三英语三模试卷及参考答案
2020届临沂市河东区第三高级中学高三英语三模试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ALost cities that have been foundThe White CityIn 2015, a team of explorers to Honduras in search of"the Lost City of the Monke God"led to the discovery of the White City. They found the ruins in the Mosquitia region of the Central American country which is known for poisonous snakes, vicious jaguars and deadly insects. It is believed that local people hid here when the Spanish conquerors(征服者) occupied their homeland in the16th century.Canopus and HeracleionModern researchers were teased by the ancient writings about the Egyptian cities Canopus and Heracleion-where Queen Cleopatra often visited. But the cities weren’t found until 1992, when a search in Alexandria waters found that the two cities had been flooded for centuries. Artifacts(史前器物) showedthat the cities once highly developed as a trade network, which helped researchers piece together more about the last queen of Egypt. Machu PicchuA Yale professor discovered "the Lost City in the Clouds"in 1911. A combination of palaces, plazas, temples and homes, Machu Picchu displays the Inca Empire at the height of its rule. The city, which was abandoned in the 16th century for unknown reasons,was hidden by the local people from the Spanish conquerors for centuries keeping it so well preserved.TroyThe ancient city of Troy in homer's The Iliad was considered a fictional setting for his characters to run wild. But in 1871, explorations in northwestern Turkey exposed nine ancient cities layered (层叠) on top of each other, the earliest dating back to about5,000 years before. It was later determined that the sixth or seventh layer contained the lost city of Troy and that it was actually destroyed by an earthquake, not a wooden horse.1.Why did people hide in the White City in the 16th century?A.To survive the warB.To search for a lost city.C.To protect their country.D.To avoid dangerous animals2.Which of the following was related to a royal family member?A.The White CityB.Canopus and HeracleionC.Machu PicchuD.Troy3.What can we learn about Troy?A.It was built by Homer.B.It consisted of nine citiesC.It had a history of 5,000 yearsD.It was ruined by a natural disaster.BYou’re in a crowd of people who are all asking for the same thing. How do you make your voice heard above the rest? Be different. Don’t shout. Lisa, 25, was waiting to board a plane flying fromLondontoAustriafor Christmaswhen the flight was cancelled.“There were about a hundred of us unable to leave,” she says. “Everyone else was shouting at the airport staff. Instead of joining in, I walked up to the man behind the ticket desk very quietly and said, ‘This must be so awful for you! I don’t know how you deal with these situations—it’s not even your fault. I could never handle it as well as you are.’ Without my even asking, he found me a seat on another airline with an upgrade to first class. He was happy to do a favor forsomeone who was appreciative instead of unfriendliness.”Flattery (恭维) is an essential element of the sweet-talk strategy. “It’s human psychology that stroking a person’s ego (自我) with a few well-directed praises makes them want to prove you right,” says apsychologist. “Tell someone they’re pretty and they’ll instantly fix their hair; praise their sense of humor and they’ll tell a joke.”You need help and there’s ly no reason that the person will want to lend a hand. Allison, 26. a lawyer, realized she’d made a huge mistake on a batch of documents. “The only way I could fix the problem was to get the help of a colleague who I knew didn’t like me,” she said.Allison then went to the woman’s office and explained her problem. “As I was saying to the boss the other day you’re the only person who would know how to handle a situation like this, what would you suggest I do?” “Feeling pumped up (鼓励), she set about helping me and we finished the job on time, and she was happy to help.” Allison said.4. Whatwould have happened at the airport according to paragraph 1?A. The departure hall was filled with noise.B. Someone screamed just lo be different.C. The passengers waited on board patiently.D. The airport stuff were rude to the passengers.5. Why did the man put Lisa on another airline?A. He admired Lisa’s beauty.B. He appreciated her attitude.C. He was ready to help others.D. He was blamed for the cancellation.6. What is the third paragraph mainly about?A. The potential benefits of ego.B. The strategy to start small talk.C. The great importance of flattery.D. The value of humor in daily life.7. What can we learn about Allison’s colleague?A. She was a popular lawyer.B. She was always ready to help others.C. She always got praise from Allison.D. She did a great favor for Allison eventually.CThe outbreak of the novel corona virus pneumonia (NCP) has disrupted the lives and work of nearly every Chinese person. However, a new trend has been on the rise: many have turned themselves into livestreaming users orfollowers.According to Questmobile, a professional big data intelligence services provider in China, the audience for Douyin, Kuaishou and other livestreaming platforms surged to 574 million during the Spring Festival holiday, up 35 percent from 2019.Confined at home, away from their friends and loved ones, people turn to livestreaming to reach out to the world. For them livestreaming can help them share their lives and interest with a global audience, which will give them the sense of being “in the moment”. Even as viewers, they can also engage immediately with livestreamers by commenting and making suggestions.“When I comment on the livestreaming videos, I’m not simply an audience member, but also an active part of the program. That gives me a sense of engagement,” an Internet user named Wang Hao told People’s Daily.Livestreaming is not only for fun, but also a new tool for many businesses. Affected by the pandemic, manybusinesses had to stop their sales in physical stores. To meet their business goals and survive during these trying times, many chose to livestream to revive their businesses.Joyoung, a leading maker of small kitchen appliances, is a good example. The company not only added a number of broadcasts each day to advertise their products, but also shared the menus that were beneficial to health. “The responses to our livestreaming shows have been well beyond expectations,” Kang Li, who oversees the company’s livestreaming unit, told China daily. “It’s a natural opportunity to truly bond with our followers.”Like it or not, livestreaming is likely to go mainstream in China for both entertainment and business.8. What is the purpose of writing the second paragraph?A. To introduce some popular livestreaming platforms in China.B. To report data on the development of livestreaming in 2019.C. To show that Chinese people spend too much time on livestreaming apps.D. To prove that livestreaming are becoming increasingly popular in China.9. What does Wang Hao think of commenting on livestreaming?A. It is boring to make comments.B. It is the only way to share viewers’ lives.C. It makes people feel involved in the stream.D. It helps livestreamers improve themselves.10. What do paragraphs 5&6 mainly talk about?A. Livestreaming replaced physical stores in many areas.B. Many businesses turned to livestreaming platform for marketing.C. Livestreaming platforms faced challenges during the pandemic.D. Livestreaming platforms made changes to their services.11. How does the author feel about thefuture of livestreaming？A. Positive.B. Uncertain.C. Disappointed.D. Confused.DAustralia’s Great Barrier Reef has lost 50% of its corals (珊瑚) within 30 years, with climate change a key driver of reef disturbance, a new study has found.Researchers from the ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, inQueensland, northeasternAustralia, studied coral communities and theirsize along the length of theGreat Barrier Reefbetween 1995 and 2017, findingall coral populations disappear gradually, they said.Reefs are important to the health of ocean ecosystems — without them, ecosystems break down and ocean life dies.Coral population decreases happened in both shallow and deep water coral species, experts found, but branching and table-shaped corals — which provide habitats for fish — were worst affected by mass bleaching (漂白) events in 2016.Warm ocean temperatures are the main reason of coral bleaching. Bleaching doesn’t kill coral immediately, but if temperatures remain high, eventually the coral will die, destroying a natural habitat for many species of ocean life.“We used to think the Great Barrier Reef is protected by its huge size — but in fact our results show that even the world’s largest and ly well-protected reef system is increasingly destroyed and in decline,” Terry Hughes, an outstanding professor at the ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, said.“There is no time to lose — we must sharply decrease greenhouse gas emissions as soon as possible,” the reporter warned in the paper, published in the Proceedings of the Royal Society journal.12. What has mainly influenced the coral populations of theGreat Barrier Reef?A. Destroyed habitats.B. Climate change.C. Lack of seafood.D. Bleaching events.13. What can we learn from the passage?A. Many species has been dying out slowly.B. The size of reefs contributes to their protection.C. Ocean ecosystems don’t develop without reefs.D. Bleaching continually disturbs table-shaped corals.14. What attitude does the reporter hold to the present situation of theGreat Barrier Reef?A. Worried.B. Angry.C. Hopeful.D. Surprised.15. What is probably the best title for the passage?A. Climate change damages theGreat Barrier ReefB. The Species of ocean Life Are In DangerC. Greenhouse Gas Emissions Get WorseD. Sea Ecosystems Are In Decline第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020年河东区第八十二中学高三英语三模试卷及答案
2020年河东区第八十二中学高三英语三模试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ABest Online Bachelor's ProgramsAn online college degree may appeal to those who want to take lasses while working full time. Choosing where to sign up online will likely be challenging, but below you'll find advice and other resources to make your search easier.•ArizonaStateUniversityASU relies upon cutting-edge technology and world-class educators to offer degree programs that fit into any lifestyle. Its courses employ advanced technology, such as our virtual labs, adaptive learning and virtual community, to provide real-world experiences to prepare graduates for their chosen industry.ADMISSION: 15,321TUITION: S413•UniversityofIllinoisUI is a top-ranked, diverse research institution and an approved SARA institution. For UTs degree completion programs, students transfer with an associate degree or 57-60 credits. All of the online classes arc recorded so students can access lecture material at their convenience.ADMISSION: 385TUITION: S462•UniversityofFloridaUF Online is a fully-online degree pathway giving students access to the same teachers in UF. Courses arc designed and taught by UF's well-known teachers. Students feel connected, frequently communicating with teachers and their fellow students.ADMISSION: 3,340TUITION: $500•OhioStateUniversityThe courses of OSU online bachelor's programs are all related to health science. The online programs are flexible providing students with the knowledge to enter professional medical practice or prepare them for moreadvanced roles in their fields.ADMISSION: 542TUITION: 56421. What's special aboutArizonaStateUniversity?A. It is an approved SARA institution.B. It provides the most expensive programs.C. It offers some technology-assisted courses.D. It admits fewer students than other universities.2. Which university’s, online programs favor medical students?A.ArizonaStateUniversity.B.UniversityofIllinois.C.UniversityofFlorida.D.OhioStateUniversity.3. What's the purpose of this passage?A. To advertise free online programs.B. To call on people to sign up online.C. To introduce some best online programs.D. To provide access to the best universities.BGlobally, people use roofs to dry out food, do their laundry and sleep. In Belfast, where we're based, there's a culture of enjoying looking down on the city from up high, because it's in a valley. But because we were a conflict area for a long time,many people didn't want to live, work or hang out in the city, and our roofs cape has been neglected.Rooftop projects can be as big or as small as you want. They can be used as social or cultural spaces, for green or blue public facilities. But it's not just about commercial opportunities; it can be as simple as an individual turning his/her city balcony into a mini garden or vegetable patch. It's not just about doing it on a rooftop because it's “cool”.It's about giving up the deep-rooted thought that roofs are off limits and embracing their challenges as opportunities. That can make a huge difference. For instance, we're helping turn the rooftop car park of a city central shopping centre into an outdoor space for employees, due to restrictions they now face indoors because of COVID-19.Using rooftops creatively allows us to cope with many of the challenges faced by cities today--be those environmental, social, technological, or cultural. At the moment,we're being forced to rethink how we use publicspaces due to COVID-19. With lots of restrictions on enclosed areas, we should be acknowledging rooftops alternatives.For example,Rotterdam recently hosted a play that took place across its rooftops. Each roof lit up and hosted a different part of the drama, while residents sat and watched, listening to the action through headphones. Are there any challenges? Rain is one. Also is health and safety. But there are creative and practical solutions to all the barriers we face. In fact,the challenges are what make rooftops so exciting----because they give you even more opportunities to be creative and solve problems. It is always a matter of trial and error.4. What can we learn about rooftops in the first two paragraphs?A. People enjoy getting together on rooftops.B. People can use rooftops to their own advantage.C. Rooftops are made good use of by locals in Belfast.D. Rooftops projects were launched for commercial reasons.5. How can rooftops benefit people in their life?A. Rooftops can be adapted to car parks.B. Rooftops help solve environmental problems.C. Rooftops can provide space for work and play.D. People can exchange their thoughts on rooftops.6. What will be possibly mentioned after the last paragraph?A. The new challenges of the future.B. Reasons for building rooftop projects.C. Exciting development of rooftop projects.D. Solutions to the challenges we are facing now.7. What is the author's purpose in writing the text?A. To introduce rooftop projects in Belfast.B. To encourage people to start rooftop projects.C. To analyze the current situation of rooftop projects.D. To offer suggestions on long-term city development.CJeff Bezos, Elon Musk and Richard Branson have a combined net worth of 400 billion, roughly the size of the GDP of the entire nation of Ireland. And all three men have decided to put vast sums of their wealth into chasing their space travel dreams, creating a modern space race in which ultra — rich men — rather than countries —shoot for the stars.But why the three billionaires choose the crazy plan? Just for the travel dreams? It’s not that simple.As we all know, the space travel is a mirror of comprehensive national strength, whether it’s the cold war or the present. The first space racespannedmultiple presidents and premiers — Kennedy, Krushchev, Brezhnev, Nixon. It made heroes of astronauts and cosmonauts, and it focused national prides. But obviously, this year’s race between the billionaires features none of that national pride or opposing ideas. It’s tax — averse tycoons (大亨) who want to sell high — priced tickets to rich people interested in experiencing weightlessness. Amazon’s Bezos has said he is funding his portion by selling off large chunks of his Amazon stock (股票) — 1 billion or more a year.What are the odds? If anyone is taking bets on how this will end, and who will have the more profitable space tourism business, consider Amazon’s method of making very little profit in order to eat up competition. So, from this point of view, what’s hiding behind this crazy race is business. As a method of expand influence, it is not a bad idea.Richard Branson has carried out his plan on July 12, and Jeff Bezos announced that he will start his space travel on July 20. Bezos is getting some good press because he’s taking Wally Funk along for the ride. She’s the pilot now in her 80s who was kept out of space in the 1960s because she’s a woman. This may be a bonus for him. As for Musk, he thinks these two above are not real space trips, he wants a larger move.Who will win the race in the end? Let’s wait and see.8. Which of the following people might be the potential client of the space travel?A. Daisy aged 45 with a heavy debt.B. Clarkson who doesn’t enjoy taking risks.C. Billy aged 60 with an ample retirement pension.D. Alexander who knows nothing about space travel.9. What stopped Wally Funk flying to space in the 1960s?A. Age.B. Gender.C. Height.D. Disposition.10. What does the author think of the billionaires race?A. Profit — driven.B. Meaningless.C. Foolish.D. Generous.11. What does the underlined word “spanned” in paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Revolved.B. Turned down.C. Entered.D. Leapt through.DClara Daly was seated on an Alaska Airlines flight from Boston to Los Angeles when a flight attendant askedan urgent(紧急的) question over the loudspeaker: “Does anyone on board know American Body Language?” She knew she needed to help.Clara, 15 at the time, pressed the call button. The flight attendant came by and explained the situation. “We have a passenger on the plane who’s blind and deaf,” she said. The passenger seemed to want something, but he was traveling alone and the flight attendants couldn’t understand what he needed, according to PEOPLE magazine.Clara had been studying ASL for the past year to help with her dyslexia (阅读障碍) and knew she’d be able to spell on the man’s palm(手掌) by finger. So she unbuckled her seat belt, walked toward the front of the plane, and knelt by the aisle seat of Tim Cook, then 64. Gently taking his hand, she wrote, “How are you? Are you OK?” Cook asked for some water. When it arrived, Clara returned to her seat. She came by again a bit later because he wanted to know the time. On her third visit, she stopped and stayed for a while.“He didn’t need anything. He was lonely and wanted to talk,” Clara said. So for the next hour, that was what they did. She talked about her family and her plans for the future (she wants to be a politician). Cook told Clara how he had gradually become blind over time and shared stories of his days as a traveling salesman. Even though he couldn’t see her, she “looked attentively at his face with such kindness”, a passenger reported.“Clara was amazing,” a flight attendant told Alaska Airlines in a blog interview. “You could tell Cook was very excited to have someone he could speak to, and she was such a warm-hearted girl.” Cook’s reaction: “Best trip I’ve ever had.”Looking for ways to offer help? Start with this random(随时的) act of kindness that can change someone’s life right now.12. The flight attendant asked an urgent question because ________.A. the passenger was traveling aloneB. the plane was in a dangerous situationC. the passenger asked for something suddenlyD. none of the flight attendants could communicate with the passenger13. Why did Clara talk about her plans for the future?A. Because the flight attendant asked her to do so.B. Because she needed topics to go on talking with Cook.C. Because Cook hoped to understand teenagers better.D. Because she wanted to show her dream for the future.14. Which of the following words can best describe Clara?A. Kind and caring.B. Warm-hearted and brave.C. careful and calm.D. opened-minded and confident.15. The passage is mainly written to ________.A. tell a touching story of an amazing girlB. show the great importance of American Body LanguageC. encourage readers to give a hand kindly and randomlyD. show how kind the flight attendant was to help Cook第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020年河东区第八十二中学高三语文三模试题及答案解析
2020年河东区第八十二中学高三语文三模试题及答案解析一、现代文阅读（36分）(一)现代文阅读I(9分)阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。
近些年来，埃博拉病毒、SARS病毒、新冠病毒等的大范围流行，给人类造成了难以估量的损失。
一次次重大疫情表明，由于破坏自然环境和滥食野生动物，人类正在遭受大自然的报复。
自然对人类的报复就是自然对人类的警示，它在告诉我们：人类不能因为自身变得强大而无所顾忌，必须心存敬畏，行有所止。
天地万物之庞大、之幽深、之神秘，人类难以完全把握。
大自然是人类获得物质、能量、信息和各种可利用资源的唯一源泉。
没有大自然的恩赐，人类的生命旋即终止。
单就人类处于食物链的顶端而言，整个食物链的任何一个环节出现断裂都会使人类崩溃。
而自然中存在的生物都是这个食物链中的一个环节，我们伤害它们，必然会被反噬。
中国传统文化把天视为人类之父，把地视为人类之母，把万物视为人类的同胞。
实际上，天地万物远在人类之前就存在，它们是我们的远祖，我们应慎终追远，常怀感恩之心。
一般认为，敬畏天地万物包含以下基本要求：首先，尊重和维护天地万物存在的地位和权利。
天地万物是宇宙进化的结果，它们的存在是宇宙系统中的有机构成部分，像人类一样在宇宙中有其地位，也有其存在的不可侵犯的权利。
这种地位和权利必须得到人类的尊重，如同人类的存在亦应得到宇宙万物的尊重一样。
这就是佛教讲的“众生平等”，张载讲的“民胞物与”。
其次，尊重和遵循天地万物共同的和各自的规律。
中国传统文化中推崇“道”和“德”，它们实际上都是事物的规律。
“道”是万物共同的本根，而“德”则是万物循道而生以达至繁荣昌盛之道。
这也就是老子所说的“道生之，德畜之，物形之，势成之”，即道生万物，德蓄养万物。
既然人是万物的顶端，作为万物本根的道也就是人的本根。
人更因为有自主性、高贵性而能够充分体现道的精神，通过识道、得道、行道而获得与自身身份相匹配的至德，使自己真正成为天地之骄子、万物之灵长。
2020年河东区第八十二中学高三英语三模试卷及答案解析
2020年河东区第八十二中学高三英语三模试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AWhile Jennifer was at home taking an online exam for her business law class, a monitor（监控器）a few hundred miles away was watching her every move.Using a web camera equipped in Jennifer'sLos Angelesapartment, the monitor inPhoenixtracked how frequently her eyes moved from the computer screen and listened for the secret sounds of a possible helper in the room. Her Internet access was locked remotely to prevent Internet searches, and her typing style was analyzed to make sure she was who she said she was: Did she enter her student number at the same speed as she had in the past？Or was she slowing down？In the battle against cheating, this is thecutting edgeand a key to encourage honesty in the booming field of online education. This technology gives trust to the entire system, to the institution and to online education in general. Only with solid measures against cheating, experts say, can Internet universities show that their exams and diplomas are valid — that students haven't searched the Internet to get the right answers.Although online classes have existed for more than a decade, the concern over cheating has become sharper in the last year with the growth of "open online courses". Private colleges, public universities and corporations are jumping into the online education field, spending millions of dollars to attract potential students, while also taking steps to help guarantee honesty at a distance.Aside from the web cameras, a number of other high-tech methods are becoming increasingly popular. Among them are programs that check students’ identities using personal information, such as the telephone numbers they once used.Other programs can produce unique exams by drawing on a large list of questions and can recognize possible cheaters by analyzing whether difficult test questions are answered at the same speed as easy ones. As in many university classes, term papers are scanned against some large Internet data banks for cheating.1. Why was Jennifer watched in an online exam?A. To correct her typing mistakes.B. To find her secrets in the room.C. To keep her from dishonest deeds.D. To prevent her from slowing down.2. What does the underlined expression "cutting edge" in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. sharpening toolB. advanced techniqueC. effective ruleD. dividing line3. How can some programs find out possiblecheaters?A. By scanning the Internet test questions.B. By checking the question answering speed.C. By producing a large number of questions.D. By giving difficult test questions.BHundreds of children are being treated for sleep problems in Wales every year. In some cases，babies，infants (婴儿)and teenagers have been admitted to hospital in north Wales alone.The Children’s Sleep Charity said many children were suffering from lack of sleep mainly because of technology use. Public Health Wales said sleep was as important to a child’s health as healthy eating and exercise，and children with poor sleep patterns were more likely to be fat.Statistics obtained (获得) under the Freedom of Information Act by BBC Wales found at least 408 children have been admitted to hospitals across Wales suffering from sleep disorders since March 2013.Children aged between 0 and 4 made up the highest number of inpatients (住院病人)，with some newborns being treated for sleep-related problems from the day of birth.Vicki Dawson，who set up the Children’s Sleep Charity (CSC)，said sleepless nights were putting both children and parents in anxiety. “Their weight and growth may also be affected as well as their mental health，”she said.Teachers said children showing signs of sleep shortage and tiredness in class were a concern as they couldn’t concentrate for long periods.Psychologist Amy McClelland，of Sleep Wales，saida common problem was that children were “over excited”before bed and that families should get back to basics. “Think 1950s family home. Dinner as a family，read，chat，a film maybe，lights off and then bed. ”She added.4. What’s the mainreason why children are short of sleep？A. Less exercise.B. Eating habits.C. Technology use.D. Sleep patterns.5. Who are the majority of the inpatients with sleep-related disorders？A. Infants.B. Teenagers.C. Teachers.D. Parents.6. What can we infer from what Amy McClelland said？A. Chatting and films make children sleep more.B. It is difficult for children to read before bed.C. Being too excitedis good for sleep habits.D. Relaxation has a bad effect on children.7. What is the best title forthe text？A. Ways to Treat Sleep ProblemsB. Sleep Problems of Welsh ChildrenC. Sleep Habits of Welsh ChildrenD. The Problems of Welsh ChildrenCMy sister Alice and I have been trying to get people tostop dropping cigarette（香烟）butts（烟头）for seven years. One day, we were walking in our hometown and saw hundreds of cigarette butts on the ground. They made the town look so ugly that we decided to start a group to make people dropping butts. We called it “No Butts About It”.At first, we drew pictures with “The Earth is not your ashtray（烟灰缸）”written on them. We put the pictures around our hometown—in parks, by beaches, and along roads. We wanted to make people understand that dropping butts hurts the environment. Most smokers don’t think that dropping butts hurts the Earth. But it does, and all rubbish does!Later, we wrote to companies and asked them for money to help us. We used the money to buy ashtrays to give to smokers. We wanted smokers to carry the ashtrays with them so they didn’t have to drop butts.At the moment, we are trying to get cigarette companies to put an ashtray in each pack of cigarettes. Some companies want to do it. Many people have started to join our group since it began. Today there are 45 other “No Butts About It” groups inAmerica.Now there even groups inEngland,Australia, andIndia! Many newspapers have written about my sister and me over the last seven years. And we have won many prizes for what we do. But we are not interested in prizes. We just want to make the Earth a better and cleaner place for animals, plants and people.One day, it will be.8. What did the writer think about the cigarette butts in the first place?A. They made the town smelly.B. They made the town unhealthy.C. They made the town dirty.D. They made the town poor.9. What does the writer do with the cigarette butts?A. Give ashtrays to the smokers.B. Stop people buying cigarettes.C. Pick up the cigarette butts.D. Win prizes for starting groups.10. From the passage we can know that _____.A. no companies wanted to give money to themB. The writer believes that the Earth will be a better and cleaner placeC. There are only 45”No Butts About It”D. The writer likes to be on newspapers and win prizes211. Which is the best tittle for the passage?A. Save our Town From Cigarette Butts.B. Buy Yourself An Ashtray.C. Cigarette Butts Also Destroy Other Countries.D. No Butts Prize.DAn ancient tomb was recently discovered in southern Siberia in which there may be treasure, priceless objects, and the 3, 000-year-old remains of an ice mummy.Swiss scientist Gino Caspari with the University of Bern was looking carefully at the pictures of the area in the Russian Tuva Republic, when he came across what appeared to be a tomb. It is a tomb of the Scythians, an ancient group of Eurasians.This summer, together with researchers from the Russian Academy of Sciences and the Hermitage Museum, a dig at the site not only proved Caspari's idea, but told us the site is the largest and oldest of its kind ever discovered in what's increasingly known as the “Siberian Valley of the Kings.”While any discovery dating back to a period between the Iron Age and Bronze Age is exciting, it's the nature of this site that makes scientists want to begin carefully clearing away the layers of rock and earth. First, the tomb appears to have never been dug, because it is in a Siberian wetland faraway from the nearest place where people live. Second, and most important, is its possible resting place under a thick layer of permafrost.“There's permafrost in the area,” Caspari said. “There are really only a handful of permafrost tombs and very few that have not been damaged, where there have been ice mummies in good condition, and all the things in the tomb are untouched.”While not as large, other tombs discovered in the area have produced fantastical treasures and objects, including thousands of gold objects and other things about the past. By studying all these tombs, researchers hopeto have a better understanding of the Scythian people.Caspari said his team is in a race against time to uncover the tomb and find out its secrets. “We now have to act fast,” he said, “because with the rising temperatures, the permafrost could melt and damage all the things in that tomb. And these are things that are over 3,000 years old, that look like new, like they were put there yesterday.”12. How did Caspari discover the tomb?A. By studying pictures.B. By visiting a Russian area.C. By talking with Russian researchers.D. By comparing other scientists,ideas.13. Why has the tomb remained untouched?A. It is covered by a lot of rocks.B. It is well kept by the Scythians.C. It is too small to draw attention.D. It is hidden in a wild cold place.14. Why do scientists want to uncover the tomb?A. To better protect the tomb.B. To save the treasures inside.C. To learn more about the Scythians.D. To have a good understanding of mummies.15. Why is Caspari's team racing against time to dig the tomb?A. The tomb is too old.B. It is getting hotter and hotter.C. Some treasures are being damaged.D. They want to save time for other tombs.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020年临沂市河东区第三高级中学高三英语三模试卷及答案解析
2020年临沂市河东区第三高级中学高三英语三模试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ADo you want to get home from work knowing you have made a real difference in someone’s life? If yes, don’t care about sex or age! Come and join us, then you’ll make it!Position:Volunteer Social Care Assistant (No Pay with Free Meals)Place:ManchesterHours:Part TimeWe are now looking for volunteers to support people with learning disabilities to live active lives! Only 4 days left. Don’t miss the chance of lending your warm hands to help others!Role:You will provide people with learning disabilities with all aspects of their daily lives. You will help them to develop new skills. You will help them to protect their rights and their safety. But your primary concern is to let them know they are valued.Skills and Experience Required:You will have the right values and great listening skills. You will be honest and patient. You will have the ability to drive a car and to communicate in fluent written and spoken English since you’ll have to help those people with different learning disabilities. Previous care-related experience will be a great advantage for you.1.The text is meant to_________.A.carry an adB.send an invitationC.present a documentD.leave a note2.The volunteers’ primary responsibility is to help people with learning disabilities__________.A.to learn new living skillsB.to get some financial supportC.to properly protect themselvesD.to realize their own importance3.Which of the following can first be chosen as a volunteer?A.The one who can drive a car.B.The one who can speak English fluently.C.The one who has relevant work experience.D.The one who has the patience to listen to others.BHave you ever done something that was really dangerous just because you thought it was safe？Maybe you did a dangerous trick on your bicycle or skateboard because you were wearing a helmet and thought you couldn’t get hurt. The psychology(心理) of this sort of behavior is called the Peltzman Effect, named after Sam Peltzman, professor of economics at the University of Chicago. Peltzman believes that those moments when people think they are the safest are the times when they act most dangerously.Peltzman said that people drove more dangerously when they wore seat belts(安全带) . Driving a large four-wheel drive vehicle has a similar effect on drivers’ behavior. Because drivers of large vehicles sit up higher and can see better, they feel they can make better judgments when they drive. They are better protected in accidents,so they act more dangerously. This makes driving morehazardousto other drivers.The Peltzman Effect isn’t just limited to driving. In 1972, the American Food and Drug Administration (FDA) passed a law requiring child safety caps on most medicine bottles. The safety caps were designed to prevent children from accidentally taking the medicine, especially painkillers such as aspirin. Requiring safety caps sounded like a great idea, but there was an unexpected side effect. Because the safety caps are so hardto take off, some people leave them off altogether．Worse, some parents leave the bottles where kids can reach them because they feel that it is safe because of the cap. A study on the Peltzman Effect showed that more than 3,500 children have been harmedby aspirin because of the safety caps.The Peltzman Effect describes how we’re likely to take more risks and act more dangerously when we feel safest. What’s more, the effects of these behaviors can be quite different from what we expect.4. What is the Peltzman Effect？A. People behave less safely when they feel safe．B. People feel safest when they are under protection．C. Something that seems dangerous turns out to be safe．D. People who act dangerously are likely to be together．5. What does the underlined word“hazardous”in Paragraph 2 mean？A. Interesting．B. Expensive．C. Dangerous．D. Important．6. Medicine bottles with safety caps ________．A. are required throughout the worldB. meet the demands of the Peltzman EffectC. sell well in the worldD. are not completely safe7. What would be the best title for the text？A. Unsafe Safety MeasuresB. Types of Decision MakingC. People’s Fear of Taking RisksD. Different Behaviors of People in DangerCHave you ever imagined that your simple T-shirt could cool you down by up to5℃on these hot summer days? Thanks to a recent discovery, the possibility is getting closer. While there are many alternatives that manage to keep the body warm, this amazing invention aims to offer real relief for those who are eager to feel comfortable and fresh in the outdoors on extremely hot days.Its inventors, engineers Ma Yaoguang of Zhejiang University and Tao Guangming of Huazhong University of Science and Technology in China, look a completely innovative approach. They designed a special textile dial can absorb body heat and re-emit its energy into space as mid-infrared radiation (MIR). This textile cools both the objects and their surroundings through a technique that is known as radiative cooling, Science reveals. This means that even when it looks like you are wearing a regular shirt, you are actually wearing a device that works like a mirror.Research conducted at Stanford University in 2017 had already managed to cool the wearer by 3℃, but this previous trial was limited. So researchers still need to test the new approach to determine how effectively the new fabric cools while the wearers are standing or walking, and not directly facing the sky, like in their trials. They also need to examine and measure how well it works when T-shirts are not in close contact with the skin.Inventors Yaoguang and Guangming are now looking out for textile manufacturers and clothing brands that are interested in using their fabric. They estimate that the new material will increase clothing manufacturing costs by just 10 percent. “We can make it with mass production which means everybody can get a T-shirt and the cost is basically the same as theirs,” old Yaoguang said.So if you are an athlete or simply someone that has to deal with the extremely high temperatures, be patient because your days of feeling hot and bothered may be corning to an end!8. What is the purpose of the new invention?A. To warm up people's body.B. To cool people off in hot weather.C. To detect the wearers' temperature.D. To protect clothes from becoming wet.9. How does the special product work?A. By turning sunlight into energy.B. By sending out absorbed heat.C. By keeping heat out completely.D. By using light color1 s to reflect sunlight.10. What is the main idea of paragraph 3?A. The invention needs further testing.B. The previous studies lack evidence.C. The new fabric has a good cooling effect.D. The new fabric applies to various situations.11. The invention of the T-shirt may hean example of ________.A. barking up the wrong treeB. robbing Peter to pay PaulC. killing two birds with one stoneD. pulling the cart before the horseDMost people around the world are right-handed. This also seems to be true in history. In 1799, scientists studied works of art made at different times from 1,500 B.C. to the 1950s. Most of the people shown in these works are right-handed, so the scientists guessed that right-handedness has always been common through history. Today, only about 10% to 15% of the world’s population is left-handed.Why are there more right-handed people than left-handed ones? Scientists now know that a person’s two hands each have their own jobs. For most people, the left hand is used to find things or hold things. The right hand is used to work with things. This is because of the different work of the two sides of the brain. The right side of the brain, which makes a person’s hands and eyes work together, controls the left hand. The left-side of the brain, which controls the right hand, is the centre for thinking and doing problems. These findings show that more artists should be left-handed, and studies have found that left-handedness is twice as common among artists as among people in other jobs.No one really knows what makes a person become right-handed instead of left-handed. Scientists have found that almost 40% of the people become left-handed because their main brain is damaged when they are born. However, this doesn’t happen to everyone, so scientists guess there must be another reason why people become left-handed. One idea is that people usually get right-handed from their parents. If a person does not receive the gene(基因) for right-handedness, he / she may become either right-handed or left-handed according to the chance and the people they work or live with.Though right-handedness is more common than left-handedness, people no longer think left-handed people are strange or unusual. A long time ago, left-handed children were made to use their right hands like other children, but today they don’t have to.12. After studying works of art made at different times in history, the scientists found _______.A. the art began from 1,500B.C.B. the works of art ended in the 1950sC. most people shown in the works of art are right-handedD. most people shown in the works of art are left-handed13. What is the left hand for most people used to do?A. It’s used to find or hold things.B. It’s used to work with things.C. It’s used to make a person’s eyes work together.D. It’s the centre for thinking and doing problems.14. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?A. No one really knows what makes a person become right-handed.B. Left-handedness is cleverer than right-handedness.C. Today children are not made to use their right hands only.D. Scientists think there must be some reason why people become left-handed.15. The best title for this passage is _______.A. Scientists’ New InventionsB. Left-handed PeopleC. Which HandD. Different Brains, Different Hands第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020届临沂市河东区第三高级中学高三英语三模试题及参考答案
2020届临沂市河东区第三高级中学高三英语三模试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ATheBest Placeto Camp in Each StateWashington-SecondBeach, Olympic National ParkCampers put up their tents right on the sand of thisPacific Northwestbeach. Make a campfire, photograph sunset over the sea and try to absorb this charming spot with your entire being.Alaska-Bartlett Cove Campground, Glacier (冰川) Bay National ParkIn a state full of natural riches,Glacier Bayis a wonder, home to high peaks, whales, 700 miles of coastline, and light blue glaciers that flow directly into the sea. Set within temperate rainforest along Bartlett Cove, the park's only campground is impressively green and an easy jumping-off point for boat tours.Arizona-Havasupai Campground, Havasupai ReservationGetting to Havasupai is a challenge. Permits are snatched (剥夺) up almost instantly, and even if you get one it's a 10-mile hike from the border to reach this rural campground that hugs Havasu Creek. Make the journey, however, and you're rewarded with a series of great waterfalls and natural pools.Arkansas-BuffaloNationalRiverAmerica's first national river travels 135 miles through the Ozark Mountains, winding its way over rapids, forming peaceful pools and passing rocky cliffs topped by green forest. Plan a float trip and absorb the scenery ata leisurely pace, pausing for hikes to visitLostValley's caves or the 200-foot waterfalls.1.Which state may attract people preferring glaciers?A.Alaska.B.Washington.C.Arizona.D.Arkansas.2.What makesArizonaa popular camp choice among tourists?A.The blue glaciers and green rainforests.B.The winding national river and cliffs.C.The soaring peaks and long coastline.D.The beautiful waterfalls and pools.3.What can you do when camping inArkansas?A.Take a long trip on foot.B.Visit caves and waterfalls.C.Put up a well-equipped tent.D.Enjoy a view of sunset.BIt was once considered an important status symbol ---but having a home phone is increasingly seen asa white elephant. New figures show that one in five households no longer bother with a landline（固定电话），and almost a third of those that do never actually use it.The vast majority of people who still have a home phone ——72 percent ——say they only have it because it is part of their broadband package.But that's not the only reason to desert the home phone - 20 percent of those surveyed said that they were fed up with the number of cold calls and would-be scammers（诈骗者）.Digital media expert Dr. Elinor Carmi said there was a generational and social divide in phone use. She explained："If you,re young and have the mobility to go outside, you would rely on a mobile phone. But if you are older, disabled and perhaps poorer, our research shows you're more likely to use a landline. If you are richer, you will have access to more smart devices --- a smart TV, smartphone or laptop. But the poorer you are --- or if you are older, your use of these devices is more limited.”Last year, research from regulator Ofcom found that the amount of time spent on landline calls annually in theUKhad halved over just six years, to 54 billion minutes. The new study also showed that more than a quarter of households have decided to find a broadband provider that does not charge for their unused landline, but only six percent have done so.4. The underlined part “ a white elephant" in Paragraph 1 probably refers to something that isA. costly but effectiveB. useful and beautifulC. expensive but uselessD. cheap and necessary5. What's the main reason why some people still have a home phone?A. Their broadband package contains it.B. Their family can only afford to use it.C. They are used to using a home phone.D. They consider it an important status symbol.6. Which of the following is more likely to use a landline?A. A young adventurer.B. An old poor gardener.C. An outdoor photographer.D. A famous indoor designer.7. What's the best title of the text?A. End of the landline?B. Fed up with cold calls?C. The history of phonesD. Different choices of phonesCWilliam had worked hard to pass the exams to enter high school. When the term began, however, his father told him that there was no money to pay for his school fees because of the summer drought. Still, William wanted to learn.He made the village library his school. One day, he found a book calledUsing Energy. On the book’s cover was a picture of windmills, tall steel towers with blades (叶片) spinning like giant fans. He learned that wind—something of which his hometown had plenty—could produce electricity.He couldn’t help picturing his own windmill in mind, but collecting the parts and tools he needed would take months. In a junkyard, he dug through piles of used metal, old cars, and worn-out tractors, searching for anything that might help him construct his machine. He made four-foot-long blades from plastic pipe, which he melted over a fire, flattened out, and hardened with bamboo poles.Earning some money, he paid a blacksmith to attach the piston (活塞) to the pedal sprocket (踏板链轮) of an old bicycle frame. This would be the axle (轮轴) of the windmill. When the wind blew, the spinning blades would turn the bicycle wheel and spin a small dynamo (发电机), donated by his friend.When he had collected all the parts, William began putting them together. He fixed the blades to the tractor fan he found, using washers (垫圈) he’d made from bottle caps. Next he pushed the fan onto the piston joint to the bicycle frame. With the help of his two best friends, Williambuilt a 16-foot-tall tower from trunks of trees and lifted the ninety-pound windmill to the top.The big moments eventually came. He climbed up the tower and connected two wires that held a small bulb. As the wind whipped around him, the blades began to turn, slowly at first, then faster and faster. The light bulb flickered (闪烁), then flashed to life. The crowd cheered from below. “Wachitabwina (well done)!”William’s machine now powered his house. And the story of the boy who’d built a power-generating windmill to rescue his family from the drought spread across the Internet.8. After readingUsing Energy, what did William decide to do?A. Make use of wind.B. Enter a high school.C. Build a village library.D. Learn to survive a drought.9. According to Para.3, which of the following word can best describe William?A. Humorous.B. Determined.C. Cooperative.D. Friendly.10. What can you learn about William’s machine?A. It was built by villagers.B. It worked at the first attempt.C. It took him years to complete it.D. It was made from metal materials.11. What is the besttitle for the passage?A. Winds Of HopeB. Ideas Worth SpreadingC. Learning from ExperienceD. Windmills for VillagesDGlobal food demand will double by 2050, according to a new projection, and the farming techniques used to meet that unprecedented(空前的) demand will significantly determine how severe the impact is on the environment, researchers said.The study researchers warned that meeting the demand for food would clear more land, increase nitrogen(氮) use and significantly add to carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gas emissions.“Agriculture’s greenhouse gas emissions could double by2050 if current trends in global food production continue,” study researcher David Tilman, of theUniversityofMinnesota, said in a statement. “This would be a major problem, since global agriculture already accounts for a third of all greenhouse gas emissions.”The researchers studied various ways in which the increasing food demand could be mentioned. They found that the most environmentally friendly and cost-effective approach would be for more food producers to adopt the nitrogen-efficient “intensive” farming method, which involves the heavy use of labor and the production of more crops per acre.This approach was shown to be more effective than the “extensive” farming currently practiced by many poor nations, a method that includes clearing more new land to produce more food.Different farming methods produce significantly different yields, the researchers found — in 2005, the crop yields for the wealthiest nations were more than 300 percent higher than what the poorest nations produced.According to their analysis of the effects of extensive farming, if poorer nations continue using this method, by 2050theywill have cleared an area larger than theUnited States, about 2.5 billion acres. However, if wealthynations help poorer nations to improve food yields by incorporating(吸收) intensive farming practices, that number could be reduced to half a billion acres.The researchers stress that the environmental effects of meeting future food demand depend on how global agriculture expands and develops.“Our analyses show that we cansave most of the Earth’s remaining ecosystems by helping the poorer nations of the world feed themselves,” Tilman said.12. What is the best title of this passage?A. The World Will Need Double Food by 2050B. Man Will Face the Risk of Lacking Food in the FutureC. Future Farmers Hold Environment’s Fate in Their HandsD. Different Farming Methods Produce Significantly Different Yields13. The character of the extensive farming is ________.A. very cost-effectiveB. to produce more crops per acreC. at cost of more new land to produce more foodD. very environmentally friendly14. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.A. poorer nations mainly use the intensive farmingB. wealthy nations mainly use the extensive farmingC. the intensive farming needs less food producersD. the extensive farming has a worse effect on ecosystems15. According to the passage, the underlined word “they” in the 7th paragraph refers to “________”.A. poorer nationsB. the effects of extensive farmingC. wealthy nationsD.future food demand第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020-2021学年临沂市河东区第三高级中学高三生物三模试题及答案
2020-2021学年临沂市河东区第三高级中学高三生物三模试题及答案一、选择题：本题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分。
每小题只有一个选项符合题目要求。
1. 依据人的生长激素基因序列制成DNA探针，对样品进行检测，以下不能与探针形成杂交分子的是（）A.胰岛B细胞的DNAB.胰岛B细胞的mRNAC.垂体细胞的DNAD.垂体细胞的mRNA2. 关于神经调节与体液调节的特点，下列叙述错误的是（）A.体液调节速度较缓慢，但作用时间比较长B.体液调节的作用途径通过体液运送调节因子C.体液调节的调节因子都是由内分泌腺产生的D.与神经调节相比，体液调节作用范围较广泛3. 下列关于兴奋传导的叙述，正确的是A. 突触小体可完成“电信号→化学信号→电信号”的转变B. 兴奋在神经元之间传递是从突触前膜到突触后膜C. 神经递质作用于突触后膜，只能使突触后膜产生兴奋D. 神经纤维内部局部电流的方向与兴奋传导的方向相反4. 在某一农田生态系统中，大面积单一种植某种农作物（甲）可导致害虫A的爆发，改成条带状合理地间作当地另一种农作物（乙）后，乙生长良好，害虫A的爆发也受到了抑制。
对此，不合理的解释是A. 新的种间关系不利于害虫AB. 新的群落空间结构不利于害虫AC. 乙的出现使害虫A的环境容纳量下降D. 乙和害虫A存在互相抑制的竞争关系5. 性染色体存在于（）A.体细胞B.精子C.卵细胞D.以上都有6. 人的红细胞生活在血浆中，红细胞中的K＋浓度比血浆高30倍，但血浆中的K＋仍可进入红细胞，下列关于K＋进入红细胞的过程的叙述错误的是（）A.该过程需要红细胞膜上运输K＋的载体蛋白，该蛋白具有特异性B.在运输K＋的过程中，其载体蛋白会发生空间结构的变化C.该过程需要细胞内化学反应所释放的能量D.该K＋运输过程遵循渗透作用的原理7. 下列有关细胞中糖类和脂质的叙述，正确的是A. 核糖和脱氧核糖不能同时存在于原核细胞内B. 糖原不能水解为葡萄糖，不属于细胞的能源物质C. 胆固醇在人体内可以参与血液中脂质的运输D. 在糖代谢发生障碍时，脂肪可以大量转化为糖类8. 将酵母菌细胞的研磨液除去ATP后，分别放入编号为Ⅰ、Ⅰ、Ⅰ的3个锥形瓶中。
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b c 2 ， cos A 1 ． 4
（Ⅰ）求 a 和 sin C 的值；
（Ⅱ）求
cos
2A
π 6
的值．
（17）（本小题满分 15 分） 如图，在四棱柱 ABCD A1B1C1D1 中，侧棱 A1 A 底面 ABCD ， AB AC ， AB 1 ，
AC AA1 2 ， AD CD 5 ，且点 M 和 N 分别为 B1C 和 D1D 的中点． （Ⅰ）求证： MN∥ 平面 ABCD ； （Ⅱ）求二面角 D1 AC B1 的正弦值；
（A）充分而不必要条件 （B）必要而不充分条件 （C）充要条件
（3）已知 a log2 7 ， b log3 8 ， c 0.30.2 ，则 a ， b ， c 的大小关系为
（A） c b a
（B） a b c （C） b c a
（D） c a b
（4）将函数
y
sin
2x
π 5
三模数学试卷 一．选择题：每题 5 分共 45 分
（1）设集合 A 1，1，2 ，3 ，5 ， B 2 ，3，4 ， C x R |1≤ x 3 ，则 A I C U B
（A） 2
（B） 2 ，3
（C）1，2 ，3 （D）1，2 ，3，4
（2）设 x R ，则“ x2 5x 0 ”是“ x 1 1 ”的
（Ⅱ）设 cn anbn ， n N* ，求数列 cn 的前 n 项和．
（19）（本小题满分15 分）
已知椭圆 C
:
x2 a2
y2 b2
1 (a
b
0) 经过点 P（1，3），离心率 e 2
1 2
，直线 l 的方程为
x 4.
（Ⅰ）求椭圆 C 的方程；
（Ⅱ） AB 是经过右焦点 F 的任一弦（不经过点 P ），设直线 AB 与直线 l 相交于点 M ，
（Ⅲ）设 E 为棱 A1B1 上的点．若直线 NE 和平面
ABCD
所成角的正弦值为
1 3
，求线段
A1E
的长．
（18）（本小题满分 15 分）
已知 an 是各项均为正数的等比数列， bn 是等差数列，且 a1 b1 1， b2 b3 2a3 ，
a5 3b2 7 .
（Ⅰ）求 an 和bn 的通项公式；
(B) 必要而不充分条件 (D) 既不充分也不必要条件
（9）已知双Байду номын сангаас线
x2 a2
y2 b2
1(a
0, b
0) 的左顶点与抛物线
y2
2 px( p
0) 的焦点的距
离为 4 ，且双曲线的一条渐近线与抛物线的准线的交点坐标为 (2,1) ，则双曲线的焦距为
(A) 2 2
(B) 2 3
(C) 4
(D) 2 5
（B） 1 8
（C） 1 4
（D） 11 8
（7）若数列 an 是等比数列，其前 n 项和为 Sn ，且 S3 3a3 ，则公比 q
(A) 1 2
1
(B)
2
(C) 1 或 1 2
(D) 1或 1 2
（8）设 p : log2 x 0 ， q : 2x1 1 ，则 p 是 q 的
(A) 充分而不必要条件 (C) 充要条件
的截距为
．
（14） (x2 1)8 的展开式中 x7 的系数为 x
．（用数字作答）
（15）已知圆 C 的圆心在 x 轴的正半轴上，点 M (0， 5) 在圆 C 上，且圆心到直线 2x y 0 的
距离为 4 5 ，则圆 C 的方程为
．
5
三．解答题：共 75 分
（16）（本小题满分 14 分）
在 △ABC 中，内角 A ， B ，C 所对的边分别为 a ，b ，c ．已知 △ABC 的面积为 3 15 ，
记 PA、PB、PM 的斜率分别为 k1、k2、k3 .问：是否存在常数 ，使得 k1 k2 k3 ？ 若存在，求 的值；若不存在，说明理由.
（20）（本小题满分 16 分）
函数 f (x) ln x ax ， a R .
（Ⅰ）讨论函数 f (x) 的单调区间和极值；
3
（Ⅱ）已知 x1 e 和 x2 是函数 f (x) 的两个不同的零点，求 a 的值并证明： x2 e 2 .（其 中 e 为自然对数的底数）
的图象向右平移
π 10
个
单位长度，所得图象对应的函数
第（3）题图
（A）在区间
3π 4
，5π 4
上单调递增
（B）在区间
3π 4
，π
上单调递减
（C）在区间
5π 4
，3π 2
上单调递增
（D）在区间
3π 2
，2π
上单调递减
（5）有 5 支彩笔（除颜色外无差别），颜色分别为红、黄、蓝、绿、紫．从这 5 支彩笔中任
二．填空题：每小题 5 分，共 30 分．
（10）
i
是虚数单位，复数
6 7i 1 2i
．
（11）已知 a ，b R
，且 a 3b 6 0 ，则 2a
1 8b
的最小值为
．
（12）已知一个正方体的所有顶点在一个球面上，若这个正方体的表面积为18 ，则这个球
的体积为
．
（13）已知 a R ，设函数 f (x) ax ln x 的图象在点 (1，f (1) ) 处的切线为 l ，则 l 在 y 轴上
取 2 支不同颜色的彩笔，则取出的 2 支彩笔中含有红色彩笔的概率为
（A） 4 5
（B） 3 5
（C） 2 5
（D） 1 5
（6）已知△ ABC 是边长为1 的等边三角形，点 D ， E 分别是边 AB ， BC 的中点，连接 DE 并延长到点 F ，使得 DE 2EF ，则 AF BC 的值为
（A） 5 8