人教版英语八年级下unit3讲解与练习

Unit 3 Could you please clean your room? Section A

1.Few, a few, little, a little

Few 几乎没有+可数名词复数There are few people in the room. Little 几乎没有+ 不可数名词There was little rain all winter.

A few 少数，几个+ 可数名词复数He left his house a few minutes ago.

A little 一点，少许+ 不可数名词Could you give me a little milk?【例】The girl in purple is new here, so ______ people know her.

A. few

B. a few

C. little

D. a little

2. solve vt. 解答，解决

Few students can solve the physics problem.

problem 指客观存在的等待解决的“问题”，着重困难；

e.g.: The students are working on a math problem.

question 指对某事怀疑因而提出等待回答的“问题”，着重疑惑和不能断定e.g.: The students are asking the teacher some questions.

3. For one week, she didn’t do any housework and neither did I.

“neither + be动词/ 助动词/ 情态动词+主语”表示“也不”。

e.g.: He doesn’t like swimming and neither do I.

知识扩展：

neither作代词，意为“（两者）都不”

e.g.: Neither of my parents is at home.

neither作形容词，与名词单数连用，意为“（两者）都不的”

e.g.: Neither answer is right.

neither… nor…意为“既不……也不……”

e.g.: The room is neither big nor bright.

典型例题：

I can’t play the piano, and ______.

A. neither can my sister

B. my sister can’t, too.

C. so can’t my sister

D. can my sister, either

4. Finally, I could not find a clean dish or a clean shirt.

or 连词意为“也不”，表示并列关系，常用于否定句，连接并列的词或短语。

e.g.: He can’t read or write.

表示选择关系，用于陈述句，意为“或，或者”；用于疑问句中，意为“还是”

e.g.: Answer yes or no.

Is your bag red or black?

表示转折关系，意为“否则，要不然”

e.g.: Hurry up, or you’ll be late.

5. My mom came over as soon as I sat down in front of the TV.

as soon as “一……就……”,引导时间状语从句

e.g.: He left as soon as h heard the news.

【辨析】in front of与in the front of区别

in front of “在……的前面”，是指在一定范围外

e.g.: Mary is in front of the car.

in the front of “在……的前部”，是指在一定范围内

e.g.: Cathy is in the front of the car.

7. pass vt. 传递pass sb. sth.= pass sth. to sb. 递给某人某物

e.g.: Please pass me a towel.=

8. lend, borrow和keep的区别

lend vt. (过去式、过去分词lent)借给，借出常用短语：lend sb. sth.= lend sth. to sb. 借给某人某物延续性

e.g.: Jack lent his book to Mary last week.

borrow vt. 借，借用常用短语：borrow sb. sth. = borrow sth. from sb. 向某人借某物非延续性

e.g.: Sam borrowed a car from his friend.

keep vt. 延续性动词；保持，保存延续性

e.g.: Mary may keep the book for two weeks.

典型例题：

-- Can I ______ your bike?

-- With pleasure. But you mustn’t _______ it to others.

A.lend; borrow

B. borrow; lend

C. lend; lend

D. borrow; borrow

Section B

9.waste n. 不可数浪费，废物，垃圾

e.g.: I hate waste.

固定结构：a waste of time 浪费时间

adj. 无用的，浪费的，荒废的

e.g.: We shouldn’t throw waste paper about.

vt. 浪费

e.g.: People shouldn’t waste food.

10. 四种“花费”

(1) spend vt. 指花费时间、金钱或精力；主语为人。

结构：sb. spend time/ money on sth.= sb. spend time/ money (in) doing sth.

e.g.: She spent 50 dollars on the skirt.

(2) pay v. 指支付、花费金钱；主语为人。

结构：sb. pay (sb.) money (for sth.)